Auditory Perception Exam Review
Course Introduction
Auditory Perception explores the processes by which humans interpret and make sense of sounds in their environment. The course covers the anatomy and physiology of the auditory system, mechanisms of sound localization, pitch and timbre perception, speech and music recognition, and the neural pathways involved in auditory processing. It also examines how auditory information is integrated with other sensory modalities, the psychological principles underlying auditory illusions, and the effects of hearing loss or auditory disorders. Through lectures, demonstrations, and laboratory exercises, students gain an understanding of the complex relationship between sound, brain function, and perceptual experience.
Recommended Textbook
Sensation and Perception 2nd Edition by Bennett L. Schwartz
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15 Chapters
903 Verified Questions
903 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2273 Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Perception
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45141
Sample Questions
Q1) The placebo effect is an example of ______.
A)aftereffect
B)transduction
C)the size-arrival effect
D)cognitive penetration
Answer: D
Q2) Is phenomenology a uniquely human concept? Why or why not?
Answer: Students could correctly answer either yes or no as long as the answer is supported with details that show an understanding of what phenomenology is.Responses should explain that phenomenology is our subjective experience of perception.A yes answer might emphasize that phenomenology currently distinguishes humans from robots.A no answer might suggest that animals and/or artificially intelligent devices might qualify as having subjective experiences.
Q3) Why are sensation and perception studied by psychologists?
A)to understand how mood disorders arise from deficits in perception
B)because biologists tend to shy away from neuroscience issues
C)to understand how our brains make sense of the world around us
D)because biology has little effect on sensation or perception
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methodology
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Permanent hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve is called ______ hearing loss.
A)sensorineural
B)conductive
C)innate
D)bichromal
Answer: A
Q2) A plot of false alarms versus hits for any given sensitivity, indicating all possible outcomes for a given sensitivity, is known as ______.
A)a ROC curve
B)a noise plot
C)criterion processing
D)object-substitution masking
Answer: A
Q3) MEG produces better special maps of the brain than fMRI.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Visual System: The Eye
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45143
Sample Questions
Q1) What is one visual advantage that some birds and bees have over humans?
A)the ability to see ultraviolet light
B)better depth perception
C)the ability to see gamma radiation
D)better detail perception
Answer: A
Q2) The outside surface of the eye, a protective membrane covering the eye that gives the eye its characteristic white appearance, is known as the ______.
A)iris
B)pupil
C)zonule
D)sclera
Answer: D
Q3) The cornea is the clear front surface of the eye that allows light in; it also is a major focusing element of the eye.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Visual System: The Brain
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Monkeys who received lesions in the parietal lobe showed deficits in ______.
A)all aspects of visual processing
B)a color detection task, but not a spatial location task
C)a spatial location task, but not an object recognition task
D)both color detection tasks and object recognition, but not a spatial location task
Q2) What is one difference between simple cells and complex cells?
A)A simple cell responds to all wavelengths whereas complex cells respond only to wavelengths in their particular wavelength tuning.
B)Simple cells are connected only to LGN cells, but not to V2 cells, whereas complex cells receive input from both the LGN and V2.
C)A complex cell will respond to a dark bar on a light background and a light bar on a dark background, but a simple cell will only respond to one or the other.
D)Simple cells respond to movement better than complex cells do.
Q3) The dorsal pathway is known as the "what" pathway, whereas the ventral pathway is known as the "where" pathway.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Object Perception
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gestalt psychology is primarily concerned with answering which of the following questions?
A)How do we perceive the whole from grouping its parts?
B)How do data travel through the brain?
C)Why do people perceive stimuli differently?
D)Why do our brains prefer complex figures to simple ones?
Q2) What is the biggest difference between bottom-up processing and top-down processing?
A)Bottom-up processing requires physical stimuli; top-down processing does not.
B)Bottom-up processing is primarily neurological; top-down processing is primarily psychological.
C)Top-down processing requires prior experience; bottom-up processing does not.
D)Top-down processing is more advanced; it builds on the more basic bottom-up processing.
Q3) Geons are associated with recognition by components.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain why researchers believe that humans are both drawn to and repelled by dolls.
Q5) What is the relationship between recognition and top-down processing?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Color Perception
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What primarily differentiates the three types of cone photoreceptors in the retina?
A)the type of nerve leading from them to the brain
B)the way they are shaped
C)the wavelength of light they are sensitive to
D)the section of the retina where they are found
Q2) People with protanopia and deuteranopia are both considered red-green color-deficient.
A)True
B)False
Q3) White light, consisting of many wavelengths, is known as ______, whereas light consisting of one wavelength is known as ______.
A)heterochromatic; monochromatic
B)incandescent; fluorescent
C)ultraviolet; infrared
D)neural; peripheral
Q4) Explain how and why color perception can change as adults age.
Q5) Why is the term color deficiency a more accurate label than is the term color blindness?
Q6) Define color constancy, and give an example that demonstrates the concept.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Depth and Size Perception
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select all that apply.In a flat, barren desert, Ji-hun sees two statues in the distance that appear to be the same size.However, when his friend crosses in front of the statue on the right, walks up to the statue on the left, and lays a hand on it, Ji-hun realizes that the statue on the right is really much bigger and farther away.What clues did Ji-hun combine to reach this conclusion?
A)size constancy
B)optic flow
C)visual angles
D)occlusion
Q2) Convergence is more useful than accommodation because it can provide the visual system with ______.
A)more cues to determine motion parallax
B)more information needed for depth perception
C)the ability to focus on both near and far objects
D)reliable depth information and more precise images
Q3) Visual angles are the angles of objects relative to an individual's eyes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain how vergence relates to the distance of objects.
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Chapter 8: Movement and Action
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study by Becker and Zeki (1995), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to the MT of healthy volunteers.What happened?
A)The perception of moving objects appeared to speed up for the participants.
B)Objects that were not moving appeared to be moving as long as the TMS was turned on.
C)Participants experienced a temporary inability to perceive motion.
D)The TMS caused participants to see moving objects as blurred images.
Q2) Weigelt, Singer, and Kohler (2013) looked at the human MT by recording activity with fMRI technology.They found that ______.
A)attention to motion resulted in a bigger response in MT than did attention to location
B)MT responded to motion regardless of whether or not the participant was attending to that motion
C)a larger response from MT occurred when the motion was apparent than when it was real
D)MT acted exactly like motion detectors in V1; small-scale motion was interpreted similarly to large-scale motion
Q3) Describe how motion-sensitive neurons account for speed and direction.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Visual Attention
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Sample Questions
Q1) Richards et al.(2010) compared infants who were alert and those who were not (i.e., sleepy).They also compared infants at 4, 5, and 7 months of age in an oddball paradigm.They found that ______.
A)children that young always showed a novelty preference regardless of the flow of attention
B)alert babies, regardless of age, showed greater EEG activity than sleepy babies did when presented with the oddball item
C)the EEG activity was greatest in the superior frontal gyrus when infants were attending to novel stimuli
D)sleepy babies showed greater activity than alert babies but only at the age of 4 months
Q2) The executive attention network is most associated with which brain region?
A)posterior parietal
B)pulvinar
C)hypothalamus
D)prefrontal lobe
Q3) Give an example of covert attention and an example of overt attention.
Q4) Compare and contrast selective attention and undivided attention.Give an example for each.
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Chapter 10: The Auditory System
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The three small bones in the middle ear are collectively known as ______.
A)pinnae
B)stapes
C)vestibular bones
D)ossicles
Q2) Sound travels ______ in water than it does in air, but sound travels ______ relative to light.
A)slower; slower
B)faster; faster
C)faster; slower
D)slower; faster
Q3) Yvette could barely hear the soft whisper.The whisper has a very ______.
A)low amplitude
B)high amplitude
C)low frequency
D)high frequency
Q4) Conductive hearing loss is permanent hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: The Auditory Brain and Sound Localization
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conrad hears a noise and determines that it is a human voice.To do this, he uses the ______ system in audition.
A)"what"
B)"where"
C)"who"
D)"how"
Q2) The "what" and "where" system start in what region of auditory cortex?
A)the posterior parietal auditory region
B)the parabelt region
C)the inferior colliculus
D)the auditory core region
Q3) Through headphones, you hear a large grouping of frequencies simultaneously.Even though there are only two sound sources-the speakers for your left and right ears-you can distinguish the sound of the clarinet from the sound of the guitar and the sound of drums.What factor most influences this process?
A)harmonic coherence
B)spatial segregation
C)binaural coding
D)temporal segregation
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Speech Perception
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sign language speakers with brain damage to Wernicke's area will show ______.
A)no changes because Wernicke's area is used only for spoken speech
B)an impaired ability to interpret emotional expressions
C)an impaired ability to understand sign language
D)a heightened awareness of auditory stimuli
Q2) The ability of speakers of a language to correctly perceive boundaries between words is known as ______.
A)phonemic restoration
B)formant formation
C)lexical synching
D)word segmentation
Q3) If you came down with an illness that prevented your vocal cords from vibrating properly, this would likely have the greatest impact on your ability to produce ______.
A)consonants
B)vowels
C)pitch
D)formants
Q4) Explain the differences in how we produce vowels, voiced consonants, and unvoiced consonants.
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Chapter 13: Music Perception
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) For years, Hector has played very loud music as the drummer of a classic rock band.If he does not protect his hearing, he will most likely experience future hearing impairment at ______ frequencies.
A)low
B)high
C)middle
D)all
Q2) How fast music is played, the spaced pulses within it, and the temporal pattern of sound across time are all aspects of ______.
A)dynamics
B)articulation
C)rhythm
D)syncopation
Q3) Archaeological evidence dates the earliest flutes to ______.
A)ancient Greek civilization
B)500 B.C.E.
C)1,000 years ago
D)more than 30,000 years ago
Q4) Describe the relationship between pitch and frequency.
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Chapter 14: Touch and Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dorsal somatosensory system is associated with ______.
A)determining the "what" of an object from somatosensory input
B)determining the "how" of temperature level from somatosensory input
C)the "where" system, allowing the control of guided movements on the basis of input from the somatosensory system
D)the "when" system, allowing the brain to perceive how much time has elapsed since the occurrence of an event
Q2) Receptors in our skin that respond to mild irritants by producing itch sensations are known as ______.
A)itch modules
B)endemic nociceptors
C)pruriceptors
D)analgesics
Q3) A-delta fibers are myelinated nociceptors that conduct signals rapidly and respond to both heat and pressure.
A)True
B)False
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16
Chapter 15: Olfaction and Taste
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Spherical structures within the olfactory bulb where the olfactory tract forms mitral cells and tufted cells are known as ______.
A)glomeruli
B)turbinates
C)trigeminal sacs
D)foliate papillae
Q2) Which of the following statements about the olfactory system is true?
A)The two nasal cavities sample different sections of air providing a binasal experience.
B)Turbinates are always in motion to sweep odorants up to the olfactory epithelium.
C)Olfactory receptor neurons die after about a month and must be resupplied.
D)All odorants must reach the olfactory epithelium through the nose.
Q3) Human thresholds for odorant detection ______.
A)are around 15 parts per million
B)vary as a function of the odorant being detected
C)are around .005 parts per million
D)are much lower than those for dogs
Q4) Briefly describe how experience of flavor and taste differ.
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