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Algebra-Based Physics Textbook Exam Questions - 1470 Verified Questions

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Algebra-Based Physics

Textbook Exam Questions

Course Introduction

Algebra-Based Physics is an introductory course designed to provide a fundamental understanding of classical physics concepts using algebraic methods, without requiring knowledge of calculus. The course covers core topics such as motion, forces, energy, momentum, waves, and basic principles of electricity and magnetism. Emphasis is placed on conceptual understanding, problem-solving skills, and the application of physics principles to real-world situations. Ideal for students pursuing health sciences, life sciences, and other non-engineering majors, this course lays a solid foundation for further studies in the physical sciences.

Recommended Textbook

College Physics Strategic Approach with Mastering Physics 2nd Edition by Randall D. Knight

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1470 Verified Questions

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Chapter 1: Representing Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) What are some advantages of using scientific notation to express very large or very small numbers?

Answer: The main advantage is the ability to express these numbers in a minimum amount of space.For example:

1 trillion = 1,000,000,000,000 = 1 × 10<sup>12</sup>

Q2) The following conversion equivalents are given:

1 m = 100 cm 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 ft = 12 in A bin has a volume of 1.5 m<sup>3</sup>.The volume of the bin,in ft<sup>3</sup>,is closest to:

A)35

B)41

C)47

D)53

E)59

Answer: D

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Chapter 2: Motion in One Dimension

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Sample Questions

Q1) A stone is thrown vertically upwards,reaches a highest point,and returns to the ground.When the stone is at the top of its path,its acceleration

A)is zero.

B)is directed upwards.

C)is directed downwards.

D)changes direction from upwards to downwards.

Answer: C

Q2) It is possible to have a negative average velocity,depending on the choice of coordinate system.Is it possible for an object to have a negative average speed?

Answer: No.An object's average speed must always be greater than or equal to zero,regardless of coordinate system.

Q3) If an object stops moving at a point,then its acceleration must be zero at that point. A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q4) What quantity is measured by your speedometer (be as specific as possible)?

Answer: Your speedometer tells you the instantaneous speed of your car.

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Chapter 3: Vectors and Motion in Two Dimensions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Are projectiles subject to constant acceleration in two dimensions?

Answer: Yes,they are subject to the constant acceleration (g)along the vertical.

Q2) A projectile is fired from the origin (at y = 0 m)as shown in the figure.The initial velocity components are vox = 940 m/s and voy = 96 m/s.The projectile reaches maximum height at point P,then it falls and strikes the ground at point Q.In the figure,the y-coordinate of point P is closest to:

A)470 m

B)45,550 m

C)45,080 m

D)940 m

E)90,160 m

Answer: A

Q3) The product of a vector by a scalar is a vector having the same direction of the original vector but a different magnitude.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

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Chapter 4: Forces and Newtons Laws of Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) If you jumped out of a plane,you would begin speeding up as you fall downward.Eventually,due to wind resistance,your velocity would become constant with time.After this occurs,the magnitude of the force of wind resistance is

A)equal to the force of gravity acting on you.

B)is much smaller than the force of gravity acting on you.

C)is slightly smaller than the force of gravity acting on you.

D)is greater than the force of gravity acting on you.

Q2) You throw a stone vertically upward,and it feels no air resistance.Once it is free of your hand but moving upward,the two forces acting on it are the downward pull of gravity and the upward force due to its motion.

A)True

B)False

Q3) An object is moving with a constant velocity.Which statement(s)MUST be true?

A)The net force on the object is zero.

B)A small net force is acting on the object,in the direction of motion.

C)No forces are acting on the object.

D)Two of the above statements are true.

Q4) Three children pull on a toy in three different directions,yet the toy does not move.Explain how this could be possible.

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Chapter 5: Applying Newtons Laws

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Sample Questions

Q1) A driver in a 1000.0 kg car traveling at 24 m/s slams on the brakes and skids to a stop.If the coefficient of friction between the tires and the road is 0.80,how long will the skid marks be?

A)37 m

B)30 m

C)46 m

D)34 m

Q2) You lean against a 200 kg cabinet.The coefficient of static friction between the cabinet and floor is 0.95.Will the cabinet move? Support your answer.

Q3) If you were to move into outer space far from any stars or planets,

A)your mass would change,but your weight would not change.

B)your weight would change,but your mass would not change.

C)both your weight and mass would change.

D)neither your weight nor your mass would change.

E)None of these is true.

Q4) If we step on the gas pedal of a car we will accelerate.Why don't we differentiate this action from braking? After all,when the brakes are applied the car decelerates,and that is different from accelerating.

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Chapter 6: Circular Motion,orbits,and Gravity

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Sample Questions

Q1) If Earth had twice as much mass as it now does but were also twice its present diameter,the acceleration due to gravity at its surface would be the same as it is now.

A)True

B)False

Q2) If there is no such thing as a centrifugal force,why does someone in a car making a turn feel as if he or she is being pulled toward the outside of the curve?

Q3) If you stood on a planet having a mass four times higher than Earth's mass,and a radius two times longer than Earth's radius,you would weigh

A)the same as you do on Earth.

B)two times more than you do on Earth.

C)two times less than you do on Earth.

D)four times more than you do on Earth.

Q4) For astronauts in space,there is no atmosphere to slow their orbit.Why don't they just fly away to the moon?

Q5) Earth's gravity is caused by our planet's spin on its axis.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 7: Rotational Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) A force of 16.88 N is applied tangentially to a wheel of radius 0.340 m and gives rise to an angular acceleration of 1.20 rad/s<sup>2</sup>.Calculate the rotational inertia of the wheel.

A)4.78 kg m<sup>2</sup>

B)3.59 kg m<sup>2</sup>

C)5.98 kg m<sup>2</sup>

D)7.17 kg m<sup>2</sup>

Q2) There must be equal amounts of mass on either side of the center of mass. A)True

B)False

Q3) A solid,uniform sphere of mass 2.0 kg and radius 1.7 m rolls without slipping down an inclined plane of height 7.0 m.What is the angular velocity of the sphere at the bottom of the inclined plane?

A)5.8 rad/s

B)9.9 rad/s

C)11.0 rad/s

D)7.0 rad/s

Q4) If two objects have the same moment of inertia,they must have the same mass. A)True

B)False

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Chapter 8: Equilibrium and Elasticity

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Sample Questions

Q1) A force of 30 N stretches a spring 0.73 m from equilibrium.What is the value of the spring constant?

A)41 N/m

B)22 N/m

C)34 N/m

D)46 N/m

Q2) A uniform 200 kg beam,6 m long,is freely pivoted at P.The beam is supported in a horizontal position by a light strut,5 m long,which is freely pivoted at Q and is loosely pinned to the beam at R.A load of mass is suspended from the end of the beam at S.A maximum compression of 25,000 N in the strut is permitted,due to safety.In the figure,the maximum mass M of the load is closest to:

A)920 kg

B)665 kg

C)1175 kg

D)1120 kg

E)1375 kg

Q3) Do all points on a rigid,rotating body have the same angular acceleration? Support your answer.

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Chapter 9: Momentum

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Sample Questions

Q1) In a ballistics test,a bullet traveling horizontally strikes and embeds itself in a large block that is free to move.During this process,the bullet transfers all of its momentum to the block.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Three cars,Car X,Car Y,and Car Z,begin accelerating from rest,at the same time.Car X is more massive than Car Y,which is more massive than Car Z.The net force exerted on each car is identical.After 10 seconds,which car has the most amount of momentum?

A)They all have the same amount of momentum.

B)Car X

C)Car Y

D)Car Z

Q3) In a collision between a small car and a large truck,the car and the truck undergo the same change in their velocities.

A)True

B)False

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11

Chapter 10: Energy and Work

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Sample Questions

Q1) A car needs to generate 75.0 hp in order to maintain a constant velocity of 27.3 m/s on a flat road.What is the magnitude of the total resistive force acting on the car (due to friction,air resistance,etc. )?

A)2.05 × 10<sup>3</sup> N

B)2.75 N

C)1.03 × 10<sup>3</sup> N

D)2.87 × 10<sup>3</sup> N

Q2) A spring stretches by 21.0 cm when a 135 N object is attached.What is the weight of a fish that would stretch the spring by 31.0 cm?

A)199 N

B)91 N

C)145 N

D)279 N

Q3) Kinetic energy is conserved only in perfectly elastic collisions,but momentum is conserved in all collisions.

A)True

B)False

Q4) If one lifts a box and walks up a couple of floors,how would the change in potential energy be accounted for?

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Chapter 11: Using Energy

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Sample Questions

Q1) A heat engine that is 40% efficient and has a heat input of 200 J per cycle at the hot reservoir will waste 80 J of heat each cycle.

A)True

B)False

Q2) What is the average kinetic energy of an ideal gas at 842 K? (The value of Boltzmann's constant is 1.38 × 10-<sup>23 </sup>J/K. )

A)1.74 × 10-<sup>20</sup> J

B)5.81 × 10-<sup>21 </sup>J

C)1.18 × 10-<sup>17</sup> J

D)3.93 × 10-<sup>19</sup> J

Q3) A refrigerator increases the entropy of its hot reservoir at the same time as it decreases the entropy of its cold reservoir,but a heat engine does just the opposite.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Is liberating heat through combustion a reversible or an irreversible process?

Q5) Does an increase in entropy increase or decrease the ability of a system to do work?

Q6) Is temperature a macroscopic or a microscopic concept?

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Chapter 12: Thermal Properties of Matter

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which contains more moles of material: 80 grams of helium or 400 grams of argon?

A)the helium

B)the argon

C)Both contain the same number of moles.

Q2) If you wanted to know how much the temperature of a particular piece of material would rise when a known amount of heat was added to it,which of the following would be most helpful to know?

A)initial temperature

B)specific heat

C)density

D)coefficient of linear expansion

E)thermal conductivity

Q3) A constant-volume gas thermometer supports a 33 mm high column of mercury when its temperature is 216 K.What will the height of the column of mercury be when the temperature is 298 K? Answer to the nearest millimeter.

A)46 mm

B)24 mm

C)36 mm

D)42 mm

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Chapter 13: Fluids

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Sample Questions

Q1) A tank of water at rest is 2.0000 m deep.It is then accelerated at 5.0000 m/s<sup>2 </sup>parallel to the original water surface,so that the front edge of the water in the tank is lowered to 1/2 its original value.What is the water pressure in the tank at the bottom back edge?

A)29,430.0013 N/m<sup>2</sup>

B)9 N/m<sup>2</sup>

C)9810.00042 N/m<sup>2</sup>

D)The length of the tank is needed.

Q2) A compressed gas with a total mass of 203 kg is stored in a spherical container that has a radius of 0.521 m.What is the density of the compressed gas?

A)343 kg/m<sup>3</sup>

B)209 kg/m<sup>3</sup>

C)254 kg/m<sup>3</sup>

D)305 kg/m<sup>3</sup>

Q3) If you increase the pressure on the surface of a can of water,you will increase the buoyant force on objects placed in that water.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 14: Oscillations

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Sample Questions

Q1) A 5.7 kg block attached to a spring executes simple harmonic motion on a frictionless horizontal surface.At time t = 0 s,the block has a displacement of -0.70 m,a velocity of -0.80 m/s,and an acceleration of +2.7 m/s<sup>2</sup>.The amplitude of the motion is closest to:

A)0.81 m

B)2.7 m

C)1.0 m

D)1.1 m

E)1.2 m

Q2) A leaky faucet drips 40 times in 30.0 s.What is the frequency of the dripping?

A)1.3 Hz

B)0.75 Hz

C)1.6 Hz

D)0.63 Hz

Q3) A mass oscillates at the end of a spring.If you double both the mass and the spring constant,the period of oscillation is unchanged.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 15: Traveling Waves and Sound

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Sample Questions

Q1) The intensity of sunlight impinging on Earth is about 1.4 kW/m<sup>2</sup>.What is the power emitted by the Sun in the spectrum of frequencies? (Earth-Sun distance = 1.5 × 10<sup>8</sup> km,Earth radius = 6.4 × 10<sup>3</sup> km. )

A)4.0 × 10<sup>26</sup> W

B)3.2 × 10<sup>22</sup> W

C)7.2 × 10<sup>14</sup> W

D)7.6 × 10<sup>8</sup> W

Q2) Find the wavelength of a train whistle heard by a fixed observer as the train moves toward the observer with a velocity of 50.0 m/s.A wind blows at 5.0 m/s from the observer to the train.The whistle has a natural frequency of 500.0 Hz.

A)0.55 m

B)0.77 m

C)0.75 m

D)0.57 m

Q3) If a rocket is traveling toward a mountain at 1/2 the speed of sound,the sound waves from this rocket's engine approach the mountain at 1 1/2 times the speed of sound.

A)True

B)False

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17

Chapter 16: Superposition and Standing Waves

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Sample Questions

Q1) A string fixed at both ends that is vibrating in its eighth harmonic will have 8 antinodes and 9 nodes.

A)True

B)False

Q2) A 4.0 g string,0.39 m long,is under tension.The string produces a 600 Hz tone when it vibrates in the third harmonic.The speed of sound in air is 344 m/s.The tension in the string,in SI units,is closest to:

A)250

B)200

C)160

D)290

E)340

Q3) A 500.0 cm rope under a tension of 70.0 N.is set into oscillation.The mass density of the rope is 120.0 g/cm.What is the frequency of the first harmonic mode (m = 2)?

A)0.48 Hz

B)2.92 Hz

C)0.0048 Hz

D)0.153 Hz

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Chapter 17: Wave Optics

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Sample Questions

Q1) Light of wavelength 560 nm illuminates a single slit placed 60 cm from a screen.The separation between the first and third minima in the diffraction pattern is 2.8 mm.What is the slit width?

A)0.72 mm

B)0.24 mm

C)1.16 mm

D)3.8 × 10<sup>-5</sup> m

E)0.082 mm

Q2) How wide is a single slit that gives its first minimum at 90°?

Q3) Explain what you see when you squeeze your eyes almost shut while looking at a small light source far away in a dark room.

Q4) Light from a He-Ne laser of wavelength 633 nm passes through a circular aperture.It is observed on a screen 4.0 m behind the aperture.The width of the central maximum is 5.4 cm.What is the diameter of the hole?

A)110 m

B)2.0 m

C)6600 m

D)960 m

Q5) Why are only about 6-10 minima seen when light illuminates a single slit?

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Chapter 18: Ray Optics

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Sample Questions

Q1) Describe the operation of a one-way mirror.Is there actually such an optical element?

Q2) A ray in air is incident on a glass plate whose index of refraction is 1.42.The angle of refraction is one-half the angle of reflection.The angle of refraction is closest to:

A)45°

B)43°

C)41°

D)39°

E)37°

Q3) In Situation 18.2,the lateral magnification of the image is closest to:

A)+0.4

B)+0.7

C)+1.5

D)-0.7

E)-1.5

Q4) If you increase the object distance from 4 to 8,what happen to the amount of light admitted through the lens? What happens to the real image?

Q5) Why shouldn't you spray water on your roses at noon?

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Chapter 19: Optical Instruments

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Sample Questions

Q1) The objective lens of an astronomical telescope has a focal length of 60 cm and the eyepiece has a focal length of 2 cm.How far apart should the lenses be placed in order to form a final image at infinity?

A)44 cm

B)58 cm

C)76 cm

D)60 cm

E)62 cm

Q2) To give large magnification,a telescope should have

A)an objective with a long focal length and an eyepiece with a short focal length. B)an objective with a short focal length and an eyepiece with a long focal length. C)an objective with a long focal length and an eyepiece with a long focal length. D)an objective with a short focal length and an eyepiece with a short focal length.

Q3) What optical element would you need and how would you use it to determine the focal length of a concave lens.

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Chapter 20: Electric Fields and Forces

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is the electric field strength at x = 0 m,y = 0 m produced by two electrons,one at x = 0.0001 m,y = 0 m and the other at x = -0.0001 m,y = 0 m? (The value of k is 9.0 × 10<sup>9</sup> N·m<sup>2</sup>/C<sup>2</sup>. )

A)0 N/C

B)1.8 × 10<sup>-19</sup> N/C

C)2.88 × 10<sup>-19</sup> N/C

D)5.76 × 10<sup>-19</sup> N/C

Q2) Two like charges of the same magnitude are 5.0 mm apart.If the force of repulsion they exert upon each other is 2.0 N,what is the magnitude of each charge? (The constant of proportionality for the Coulombic force is 9.0 × 10<sup>9</sup> N·m<sup>2</sup>/C<sup>2</sup>. )

A)7.5 × 10<sup>-2</sup> C

B)7.5 × 10<sup>-8</sup> C

C)7.2 × 10<sup>2</sup> C

D)7.5 × 10<sup>-5</sup> C

Q3) Electric field lines begin on negative charges and end on positive charges.

A)True

B)False

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22

Chapter 21: Electric Potential

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Q1) Two conductors are joined by a long copper wire.Thus

A)each conductor carries the same free charge.

B)each conductor must be at the same potential.

C)the electric field at the surface of each conductor is the same.

D)no free charge can be present on either conductor.

E)the potential on the wire is the average of the potential of each conductor.

Q2) A parallel-plate capacitor has a potential energy due to its charge of 6.00 mJ.It is accidentally filled with water in such a way as not to discharge its plates.How much energy does it continue to store after it is filled? (The dielectric constant for water is 78 and for air is 1.0006. )

A)0.077 mJ

B)468 mJ

C)0.04 mJ

D)6.00 mJ

Q3) If the potential is constant on a surface,then any electric field present can only be perpendicular to that surface.

A)True

B)False

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23

Chapter 22: Current and Resistance

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Q1) If you double the diameter of a cylindrical wire,you double its conductivity but reduce its resistivity by one half.

A)True

B)False

Q2) A 4.0 m length of gold wire is connected to a 1.5 V battery,and a current of 4.0 mA flows through it.What is the diameter of the wire? (The resistivity of gold is 2.44 × 10<sup>-8</sup> ·m. )

A)17 m

B)8.5 m

C)48 m

D)9.0 m

Q3) Copper wire #1 has a length L and a radius b.Copper wire #2 has a length 2L and a radius 2b.Which statement is true?

A)The total resistance of wire #1 is twice as high as that of wire #2.

B)The total resistance of wire #1 is equal to that of wire #2.

C)The total resistance of wire #1 is half that of wire #2.

D)The total resistance of wire #1 is four times higher than that of wire #2.

Q4) Why is it that electrons rather than positive ions flow from a wire?

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Page 24

Chapter 23: Circuits

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Q1) Ohm's law is a fundamental law of physics and is therefore obeyed by all materials.

A)True

B)False

Q2) In the figure shown,what is the power dissipated in the 2 ohm resistance in the circuit?

A)5.33 W

B)8.0 W

C)6.67 W

D)2.67 W

E)3.56 W

Q3) If the graph of the current through a resistor as a function of the potential difference across it is a straight line with a positive slope passing through the origin,the resistor obeys Ohm's law and the slope of this graph is equal to the resistance of this resistor.

A)True

B)False

Q4) A circuit requires a 500 resistor,but all that is available are 1 k resistors.If the 1 k resistors are in abundant supply,how can they be combined to achieve the desired resistance?

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Chapter 24: Magnetic Fields and Forces

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Sample Questions

Q1) A solenoid of length 18 cm consists of a wire wrapped tightly around a wooden core.The magnetic field strength is 2.0 T inside the solenoid.If the solenoid is stretched to 29 cm by applying a force to it,what does the magnetic field become?

A)1.2 T

B)3.2 T

C)15 T

D)2.0 T

Q2) Two parallel,straight wires are 7.0 cm apart and each carries a 18.0 A current in the same direction.One wire is securely anchored,and the other is attached in the center to a movable cart.If the force needed to move the wire when it is not attached to the cart is negligible,with what force does the wire pull on the cart? Both wires are 50.0 m long.

A)4600 dynes

B)370 dynes

C)660 dynes

D)9300 dynes

Q3) If a charged particle moves at right angles to a magnetic field,it experiences a force.How can the particle have an acceleration if the kinetic energy remains constant?

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Chapter 25: Electromagnetic Induction and Electromagnetic Waves

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Q1) In the figure,two solenoids are side by side.The switch S,initially open,is closed.The induced current through the resistor R is:

A)zero

B)from a to b C)from b to a

Q2) According to Lenz's law,the induced current in a circuit must flow in such a direction to oppose the flux through that circuit.

A)True

B)False

Q3) The speed of all electromagnetic waves through vacuum is equal to the reciprocal of the square root of <sub>o</sub> <sub>o</sub>.

A)True

B)False

Q4) In the figure,a battery supplies a steady current to the solenoid on the left.The two solenoids are moving toward each other.The induced current through the resistor R is:

A)zero

B)from a to b C)from b to a

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Chapter 26: Ac Electricity

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Sample Questions

Q1) To find the resonant frequency of an RLC circuit,you could adjust the frequency of the AC source until the current reaches its minimum value.

A)True

B)False

Q2) A step-up transformer lowers current but raises voltage.

A)True

B)False

Q3) The reactance of a capacitor is 7.0 k at a frequency of 0.30 kHz.What is the capacitance?

A)0.076 F

B)0.48 F

C)3.0 F

D)0.107 F

Q4) Why is it not possible to have an LC circuit oscillate if the frequency of the signal constantly changes?

Q5) In a series RLC circuit,the current is largest at resonance.

A)True

B)False

Q6) If a circuit doubles its peak voltage,what happens to its rms voltage?

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Chapter 27: Relativity

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Sample Questions

Q1) The star Alpha Centauri is 4.25 light years from us,so it takes its light 4.25 years to reach Earth.It is impossible,in principle,for any rocket from Earth ever to reach this star in less than 4.25 light years.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The special theory of relativity predicts that there is an upper limit to the speed of a particle.It thus follows that there is also an upper limit on the following property of a particle:

A)the kinetic energy

B)the total energy

C)the linear momentum

D)More than one of these

E)None of these

Q3) A rocket is moving at 1/4 the speed of light relative to Earth.At the center of this rocket,a light suddenly flashes.To an observer at rest on Earth,the light will reach the front of the rocket at the same instant that it reaches the back of the rocket.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 28: Quantum Physics

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Sample Questions

Q1) An electron has the same de Broglie wavelength as a 1.8 eV photon.The speed of the electron is closest to:

A)1100 m/s

B)980 m/s

C)910 m/s

D)840 m/s

E)770 m/s

Q2) Find the wavelength (in nm)of a 6.32 eV photon.

A)196 nm

B)167 nm

C)216 nm

D)234 nm

Q3) A 84 kW AM radio station broadcasts at 1000 KHz.How many photons are emitted each second by the transmitting antenna?

A)1.3 × 10<sup>32</sup>

B)2.9 × 10<sup>24</sup>

C)6.3 × 10<sup>12</sup>

D)1.4 × 10<sup>15</sup>

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Chapter 29: Atoms and Molecules

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Sample Questions

Q1) How many 3d electron states can an atom have?

A)0

B)4

C)6

D)8

E)10

Q2) The longest wavelength of a photon that can be emitted by a hydrogen atom,for which the initial state is n = 3,is closest to:

A)550 nm

B)575 nm

C)600 nm

D)625 nm

E)650 nm

Q3) All atoms of a given element contain exactly the same number of protons in their nucleus,but they may have different numbers of neutrons.

A)True

B)False

Q4) The word "laser" is taken from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.What is meant by "stimulated"?

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Chapter 30: Nuclear Physics

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Sample Questions

Q1) Because neutrons and protons are approximately 1837 times as massive as electrons,the strong force acts on them approximately 1837 times as much as it acts on electrons.

A)True

B)False

Q2) An archaeologist finds the <sup>14</sup>C in a sample of 3.10 g of material to be decaying at 107 counts per second.A modern 1.00-g sample of the same material decays at 151 counts per second.The half-life of <sup>14</sup>C is 5730 years.How old is the sample?

A)12,200 years

B)8460 years

C)25,100 years

D)12,600 years

Q3) In a head-on collision,an alpha particle (Z = 2)of energy 8.20 MeV bounces straight back from a nucleus of charge 80.0 e.How close were the centers of the objects at closest approach?

A)2.81 × 10<sup>-14</sup> m

B)3.39 × 10<sup>-12</sup> m

C)6.56 × 10<sup>-15</sup> m

D)2.17 × 10<sup>-14</sup> m

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