Advanced Nursing Practice
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Advanced Nursing Practice is designed to equip experienced registered nurses with the knowledge and skills required for autonomous clinical decision-making and leadership in complex healthcare environments. The course emphasizes critical thinking, evidence-based practice, health assessment, diagnostic reasoning, and therapeutic interventions across diverse patient populations. Students will explore roles such as nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, nurse educator, and nurse leader, while integrating advanced pharmacology, pathophysiology, and clinical management concepts. Through a combination of theoretical learning and practical experiences, the course prepares nurses to provide high-quality, patient-centered care and contribute to innovation and improvement within the healthcare system.
Recommended Textbook
Canadian Nursing Issues and Perspectives 5th Edition by Janet C. Ross
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25 Chapters
375 Verified Questions
375 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Canadian Health Care System
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the 1930s, prior to the availability of universal health insurance, economic disaster left numerous patients unable to pay medical bills. Many physicians found themselves in a difficult financial situation during this time. The Saskatchewan Relief Commission attempted to assist physicians with monthly payments in which of the following amounts?
A)$10 to $20 per month
B)$25 to $50 per month
C)$50 to $75 per month
D)$75 to $100 per month
Answer: C
Q2) The first provincial hospital insurance plan was subsidized from general revenues and which other source?
A)Federal sales tax
B)Provincial sales tax
C)Federal transfer payments
D)World War II Surplus Fund
Answer: B
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Sample Questions
Q1) To which province did the Grey Nuns travel first while opening up Western Canada to health care?
A)Alberta
B)Manitoba
C)Saskatchewan
D)British Columbia Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following was the first completely Canadian national organization of nurses?
A)The Canadian Nurses Association
B)The Florence Nightingale School of Nursing Alumni
C)The Canadian Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses
D)The Provincial Society of the Canadian National Association of Trained Nurses
Answer: C
Q3) In what year did the journal Canadian Nurse begin publication?
A)1902
B)1905
C)1908
D)1911
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Professionalization in Canadian Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what year did the last province in Canada implement legislation incorporating mandatory registration for nurses?
A)1986
B)1991
C)1996
D)2001
Answer: D
Q2) Which province is accredited with initiating the first university nursing degree program in Canada?
A)Ontario
B)Quebec
C)Newfoundland
D)British Columbia
Answer: D
Q3) Which province had the first university degree in nursing in Canada?
A)Ontario
B)Alberta
C)Newfoundland
D)British Columbia Answer: D
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Chapter 4: The Professional Image: Impact and Strategies for Change
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Q1) Which following word is a characteristic of the "Angel of Mercy" nursing image?
A)Ritualistic
B)Cooperative
C)Humanistic
D)Autonomous
Q2) According to Kalisch and Kalisch (1982), which one of the following is considered to be the ideal image for the nurse?
A)The Careerist
B)The Technologist
C)The Practitioner
D)The Health Care Professional
Q3) Which following group of health care providers has the most members in Canada?
A)Physicians
B)Chiropractors
C)Physiotherapists
D)Registered nurses
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Chapter 5: Issues of Gender and Diversity in Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be an effective strategy for retaining students from diverse populations once they are enrolled in a nursing program?
A)Assign peer mentors
B)Modify evaluation requirements
C)Offer the choice of a nursing specialty for clinical placements
D)Base nursing education in a sociopolitical and cross-cultural context
Q2) Which following fundamental ideal does feminism espouse?
A)Valuing women
B)Degrading men
C)Valuing women and men
D)Opposing traditional institutions
Q3) Research that has studied strategies to recruit and retain nursing students from diverse populations recommends that recruitment efforts should begin at which following educational level?
A)High school
B)Junior high school
C)Elementary school
D)Pre-elementary school
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Chapter 6: Theoretical Issues in Nursing
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Q1) The inclusion of which metaparadigm concept as a fundamental concept for nursing created the platform upon which to build the socially relevant thought characteristic of modern nursing scholarship?
A)Person
B)Health
C)Nursing
D)Environment
Q2) During which time period was the social status of nurses elevated and their contributions to key processes and decisions highly regarded?
A)Wartime
B)The depression
C)The nineteenth century
D)Health care reform in the 1960s
Q3) Which following person is credited with formalizing the knowledge and practice of nursing into a professional context?
A)Jean Watson
B)Virginia Henderson
C)Florence Nightingale
D)Marie Guenet de St. Ignace
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Thinking Philosophically in Nursing
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Q1) The almost exclusive emphasis of nursing curricula on scientific knowledge and inquiry is directly related to the lack of nursing faculty who are educated in which of the following areas?
A)Technology
B)Geography
C)Philosophy
D)Physiology
Q2) During a coffee break, several nurses are engaging in a conversation about nursing. Which following statement by one nurse indicates that she is thinking philosophically about nursing?
A)"What is the nature of nursing care?"
B)"I think we should go back to working eight-hour shifts."
C)"We need one mental health day every month."
D)"I wish we were able to attend more in-services."
Q3) Evidence-informed practice and knowledge transfer are reflective of which following new enterprise?
A)Nursing as a business
B)Specialization in nursing
C)Nursing practice based on scientific evidence
D)Nature of nursing and nursing knowledge
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Chapter 8: Nursing Research in Canada
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Sample Questions
Q1) The collaborative efforts of administrators and unit managers to work together to create a research environment can help ensure which following outcome?
A)A safe environment in which nurses feel able to question practice
B)Little need for outside consultation about issues
C)Research activities and professional development during days off
D)No need for allocation of agency resources to research-based nursing practice
Q2) What did most funding agencies cite as a barrier to research utilization in the 1990s?
A)Lack of grant applications
B)Unavailability of doctoral-prepared faculty
C)The Internet and the World Wide Web
D)Ineffective dissemination of research findings
Q3) Research becomes powerful when the knowledge that is generated is utilized. Which one of the following occurs with enhanced power?
A)Isolation from peers
B)Decreased autonomy
C)Increased credibility
D)Increased imbalance in the nurse-physician relationship
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Chapter 9: Knowledge Translation and Evidence-Informed Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the relationship between the "number needed to treat" (NNT) and the impact of an intervention?
A)The smaller the NNT, the smaller the impact of the intervention.
B)The smaller the NNT, the greater the impact of the intervention.
C)The larger the NNT, the smaller the impact of the intervention.
D)The larger the NNT, the greater the impact of the intervention.
Q2) Which following factor has been cited as a major barrier that influences the persuasion phase of a new innovation?
A)Individual
B)Environment
C)Organization
D)Communication
Q3) Which following question is a characteristic of the "environment" category of factors that influence the adoption of new knowledge?
A)Can it be evaluated?
B)Is it acceptable to nurses?
C)Does the organization value research?
D)Is there peer pressure to adopt the knowledge?
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Chapter 10: Health Informatics and Canadian Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) In relation to the categories of nursing informatics competencies, which following category of computer skills is expected of the beginning nurse?
A)Research
B)CASE tools
C)Decision support
D)Quality improvement
Q2) Which following nursing component refers to a patient's status at a defined point following health care intervention?
A)Patient status
B)Nursing intensity
C)Patient outcome
D)Nursing process
Q3) Which province hosted the first national conference to generate a consensus on a Canadian Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS)?
A)Ontario
B)Alberta
C)Nova Scotia
D)British Columbia
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Chapter 11: Primary Health Care: Challenges and Opportunities for the Nursing Profession
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 2006, the Health Council of Canada indicated that improving population health demands an aggressive and collaborative approach to reducing health inequalities with emphasis on which one of the following?
A)Pregnant women
B)Children and Aboriginal groups
C)Cancer and cardiovascular disease
D)Low-income couples and their families
Q2) Which following action is an example of a Primary Health Care strategy in Canada?
A)Providing unit space for computers
B)Increasing the number of acute-care beds in hospitals
C)Developing nurse practitioner legislation
D)Lobbying for open visiting hours for all inpatients
Q3) Which province opened the first nurse practitioner-led clinic in Canada?
A)Alberta
B)Quebec
C)Ontario
D)British Columbia
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Quality of Care: From Quality Assurance and Improvement to Cultures of Patient Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following is a modern example of a quality-monitoring instrument?
A)A chart audit
B)A workload measurement tool
C)A Pareto chart for delay in patient transfer
D)A performance appraisal process
Q2) Which one of the following is a limitation of most quality assurance programs?
A)The high validity of the instruments used for evaluation.
B)The retrospective focus on achievement of standards.
C)The need to achieve predetermined standards in the clinical setting.
D)The acceptable reliability of the instruments used for assessment.
Q3) What is the goal of methods used to standardize the process of continuous quality improvement?
A)Detection of errors
B)Prevention of errors
C)Identification of people problems
D)Evaluation of organizational functioning
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14
Chapter 13: The Practising Nurse and the Law
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Q1) Which of the following is a general requirement for an electronic record?
A)It has an audit trail.
B)Only aggregate records are displayed.
C)Information is deleted every 24 hours.
D)Unauthorized and authorized access are available.
Q2) In which year was the Canadian Nurses Protective Society (CNPS) established?
A)1988
B)1992
C)1996
D)2000
Q3) Negligence lawsuits are primarily about compensation for damages, whereas complaints of professional misconduct or incompetence are about which one of the following?
A)Ongoing counselling
B)Registration and practice permits
C)Internal and external ethical review boards
D)Intentional or unintentional tort law cases
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Chapter 14: Ethical Issues and Dilemmas in Nursing Practice
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Q1) Which one of the following factors limits access to treatment under Canada's policy regarding reproductive technologies?
A)Age of the mother
B)Nationality of the mother
C)Allocation of health care resources
D)There are no limits to the use of these treatments.
Q2) Which of the following is a principle of just allocation of health care resources?
A)Only futile treatment should be provided.
B)A superior level of health care should be provided to everyone.
C)Allocation criteria should be established in a public and democratic process.
D)Resource allocation is based on the amount of research funds that an organization can attract.
Q3) Whose responsibility is it to write a "do not resuscitate" (DNR) order?
A)Patient
B)Nurse
C)Anaesthetist
D)Physician
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Shortage or Oversupply the Nursing Workforce
Pendulum
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Q1) During which time period did Canada experience a decrease in the RN workforce?
A)1979-1981
B)1985-1987
C)1991-1993
D)1997-1999
Q2) Which following trend has caused an increase in RN demand both nationally and internationally?
A)Globalization
B)Longer hospital stays
C)Decreased acuity of care
D)The shift from community to hospital care
Q3) Which province gains the most nurses through inter-jurisdictional mobility?
A)Ontario
B)Quebec
C)Nova Scotia
D)Newfoundland
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17
Chapter 16: Political Awareness in Nursing
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Q1) There tends to be more awareness of the importance of political factors in the development of policy than there is in which following area of nursing?
A)Establishment of procedures
B)Establishment of community health care agencies
C)Patient care environments
D)Global public health concerns
Q2) Which of the following is the most important factor for success in the political arena?
A)An advanced education
B)Holding a key political position
C)Effective interpersonal communication skills
D)An in-depth understanding of the political system
Q3) By which year did every province and territory in Canada have legislation requiring registration for nurses?
A)1916
B)1918
C)1920
D)1922
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Chapter 17: Emergence of Nursing Unions As a Social Force in Canada
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Saskatchewan nurses' strike in 1999 resulted in which of the following outcomes?
A)Higher wages for nurses
B)A shortened work week for nurses
C)Inclusion of a professional responsibility clause
D)The addition of dental benefits to nurses' current medical benefits
Q2) Which one of the following is a potential source of conflict between professional associations and unions?
A)Salaries
B)Standards of practice
C)Code of Ethics statements
D)The use of strike as bargaining weapon
Q3) In which year did the completion of the process that entailed the separation of professional associations take place?
A)1985
B)1987
C)1989
D)1992
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Page 19
Chapter 18: The Origins and Development of Nursing
Education in Canada
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Q1) Where were the nursing graduates of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries employed?
A)Hospitals
B)Church-based care groups
C)Community-based agencies
D)Private-duty in the homes of the sick
Q2) In the 1920s, the Weir Report identified the health of nursing students as a concern. At that time, student nurses were required to work up to how many hours per week?
A)45
B)54
C)78
D)87
Q3) Which Canadian province was the first to have a university admit women for study?
A)Ontario
B)Alberta
C)New Brunswick
D)Newfoundland
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Entry to Practice: Striving for the Baccalaureate
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which year did Canada have its first doctoral nursing program?
A)1981
B)1986
C)1991
D)1996
Q2) In which year was the first university nursing degree program established for nurses in Canada?
A)1915
B)1919
C)1924
D)1929
Q3) Which province continues to offer a diploma program in nursing education?
A)Ontario
B)Manitoba
C)Nova Scotia
D)Newfoundland
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Credentialing in Nursing
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Q1) Which of the following is one of the two main credentialing mechanisms in nursing?
A)Personal
B)Legal
C)Professional
D)Empirical
Q2) What was the main reason for nursing leaders to secure legislation for registration?
A)To protect nurses
B)To protect the public
C)To secure professional nursing positions
D)To ensure that nursing professors were adequately prepared
Q3) In most Canadian provinces, evidence of current nursing knowledge and skills is demonstrated in which following way?
A)The nurse demonstrates a minimum number of in-services per year.
B)The nurse demonstrates participation in mandatory continuing education programs.
C)The nurse demonstrates a record of satisfactory nursing practice.
D)The nurse demonstrates a certain number of practice days per year, at his or her own discretion.
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22
Chapter 21: The Growth of Graduate Education in Nursing in Canada
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which province hosted the first doctoral nursing program?
A)Ontario
B)Quebec
C)Alberta
D)Manitoba
Q2) What happened to doctoral program enrollments in Canada between 2000 and 2005?
A)Enrollment decreased tenfold.
B)Enrollment stayed the same from 2000 to 2005.
C)Doctoral program intake in 2005 was more than double the intake of 2000.
D)Doctoral program seats increased significantly in Canada, but enrollment increased by only 10%.
Q3) The graduate program initiated in 1966 at l'Université de Montréal was the first to implement which one of the following?
A)A science-based nursing degree
B)An integrated nursing practice program
C)The first French-language nursing program in the world
D)The first graduate nursing program to not charge tuition fees
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Chapter 22: Career Development in Nursing
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Q1) Which one of the following is an example of a nurse in an advanced clinical role?
A)Nurse educator
B)Nurse researcher
C)Clinical nurse specialist
D)Registered nurse with advanced cardiac life support training
Q2) Which following characteristic is considered to be an indicator of creativity, intelligence, and commitment, all of which are requirements for success in research?
A)Age
B)Grades
C)Marital status
D)Previous employment history
Q3) Which one of the following represents a change in the admission requirements for students to enter master's and doctoral studies in nursing?
A)A minimum age requirement
B)Requirement of at least two years of post-baccalaureate experience
C)A minimum cumulative grade point average of 1.8
D)Admission is directly from baccalaureate programs
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Chapter 23: Monitoring Standards in Nursing Education
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Q1) Which province continues to offer nursing education in community colleges as well as in universities?
A)Nova Scotia
B)New Brunswick
C)British Columbia
D)Newfoundland
Q2) In which year was a system for the accreditation of nursing education programs created in Canada?
A)1978
B)1982
C)1986
D)1990
Q3) Which organization was designated as the accrediting agency for Canadian university programs in nursing?
A)Canadian Nurses Association
B)Canadian Nurses Federation
C)Provincial professional associations
D)Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing
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25
Chapter 24: International Nursing: Looking Beyond Our Borders
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Q1) In which following Canadian city has it been reported that the ozone air quality objective is exceeded an average of 10 or more days each summer?
A)Halifax
B)Calgary
C)Windsor
D)Winnipeg
Q2) Which two provinces have a WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Development in Canada?
A)Quebec, Ontario
B)Alberta, Manitoba
C)Ontario, Alberta
D)Manitoba, British Columbia
Q3) Nursing representation from how many countries is reflected in the membership of the International Council of Nurses?
A)69
B)94
C)128
D)151
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Chapter 25: Internationalizing Nursing in Canada: Perspectives
in Nursing Practice and Education
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Q1) In 2006, what percentage of nurses in Canada held a master's or doctorate degree?
A)1%
B)3%
C)5%
D)7%
Q2) The Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing (CASN) has projected an annual need for approximately how many master's-prepared nurses in order to maintain a sufficient number of qualified teaching staff?
A)2,000
B)2,600
C)3,000
D)3,600
Q3) Within a nursing exchange program, approximately how many months does the process of acculturation take?
A)1 month
B)2 months
C)3 months
D)4 months
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