Advanced Cardiac Life Support
Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) is a comprehensive course designed to teach healthcare professionals the critical skills and knowledge necessary to manage and respond to complex cardiovascular emergencies. The course covers advanced interventions in the treatment of cardiac arrest, acute arrhythmias, stroke, and acute coronary syndromes, emphasizing effective team dynamics, communication, and the use of standardized algorithms for emergency response. Participants will learn to interpret electrocardiograms (ECGs), administer appropriate pharmacological agents, perform airway management, and use defibrillation and pacing techniques. Through simulations and case-based scenarios, students will develop the ability to make rapid, informed decisions in high-pressure situations, ensuring improved patient outcomes in cardiac emergencies.
Recommended Textbook
EKG Plain and Simple 3rd Edition by Karen Ellis RN
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15 Chapters
790 Verified Questions
790 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Coronary Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The second heart sound (S2)is associated with closure of which heart valves?
A)Mitral and aortic
B)Tricuspid and pulmonic
C)Tricuspid and mitral
D)Aortic and pulmonic
Answer: D
Q2) The heart's valves open and close in response to changes in A)Oxygenation.
B)Sodium and potassium concentration.
C)Pressure.
D)The heart's pacemaker.
Answer: C
Q3) The three main coronary arteries are the aorta,the left main,and the chordae tendonae.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The _____ is the layer that contains the cardiac conduction system. Answer: Endocardium
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Chapter 2: Electrophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The PR segment is a flat line located between the QRS complex and the T wave.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) A negative deflection that occurs before a positive one is labeled a _____ wave.
Answer: Q
Q3) The normal ST segment is
A)At the isoelectric line.
B)Elevated above the isoelectric line.
C)Depressed below the isoelectric line.
D)Both above and below the isoelectric line.
Answer: A
Q4) Normal QRS interval is _____ seconds or less than three small blocks.
Answer: <0.12
Q5) +20 mV is the
A)Resting transmembrane potential.
B)Transmembrane potential at the conclusion of phase 3 of the action potential.
C)Transmembrane potential at the conclusion of phase 0 of the action potential.
D)Transmembrane potential at the beginning of cardiac rest.
Answer: C
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Lead Morphology and Placement
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the precordial leads,V1's QRS complex
A)Should be a primarily negative deflection.
B)Should be a primarily positive deflection.
C)Should be isoelectric.
D)Represents atrial depolarization.
Answer: A
Q2) Lead II connects which limbs?
A)Right arm and left leg
B)Right arm and right leg
C)Right arm and left arm
D)Left arm and right leg
Answer: A
Q3) In which lead should the tallest QRS complex be seen?
A)Lead I
B)Lead II
C)Lead III
D)AVF
Answer: B
Q4) In the precordial leads,we look at current flow in the _____ plane.
Answer: Horizontal
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Chapter 4: Technical Aspects of the Ekg
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most important benefit of a three-channel recorder when doing a 12-lead EKG is
A)It is less work for the technician.
B)All leads can be recorded simultaneously.
C)Three leads can be recorded before changing the paper.
D)It is less painful for the patient.
Q2) Sometimes,the presence of artifact can be verified by changing the lead.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Microshock is different from macroshock in that microshock is
A)A higher-voltage electrical shock.
B)A lower-voltage electrical shock.
C)Caused by inadequate grounding of electrical equipment.
D)Incapable of causing death.
Q4) Electrically speaking,the heart is a
A)Transmitter.
B)Receiver.
C)Cable.
D)Galvanometer.
Q5) Electrically speaking,the EKG machine is a _____ and the heart is a transmitter.
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Chapter 5: Calculating Heart Rate
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regularity is concerned with the constancy of QRS complexes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The most accurate way to calculate heart rate on an irregular rhythm is the six-second strip method.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The type of regularity in which the QRS complexes vary wildly throughout the rhythm strip is
A)Regular.
B)Regular but interrupted by premature beats.
C)Regular but interrupted by pauses.
D)Irregular.
Q4) Heart rate is the same as _____ rate.
Q5) An irregular rhythm is one in which
A)The R-R intervals vary "all over the place."
B)The R-R intervals vary by only one or two little blocks.
C)There are premature beats or pauses that interrupt the otherwise regular rhythm.
D)The QRS complexes do not look alike.
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Chapter 6: How to Interpret a Rhythm Strip
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Sample Questions
Q1) The normal rhythm of the heart is called _____.
Q2) Multiple P waves preceding the QRS complexes are typical of sinus rhythm. A)True
B)False
Q3) A heart rate less than 60 is said to be a A)Tachycardia.
B)Bradycardia.
C)Tachyarrhythmia.
D)Bundle branch block.
Q4) The normal rhythm of the heart has P waves that are A)Upright,matching,and precede the QRS complex.
B)Variable in shape and location.
C)Often hidden inside QRS complexes.
D)Multiple in number,preceding the QRS complex.
Q5) A dysrhythmia is an _____ heart rhythm.
Q6) The normal PR interval in sinus rhythm should be _____.
Q7) An abnormal rhythm is called a dysrhythmia.
A)True
B)False
Q8) The distance between consecutive P waves is called the _____.
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Chapter 7: Rhythms Originating in the Sinus Node
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sinus arrest is best treated by anti-anxiety medication.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 is _____.
Q3) In sinus rhythms,the QRS complexes should have an interval of _____.
Q4) Sinus block can occur at any heart rate.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following has a heart rate less than 60?
A)Sinus rhythm
B)Sinus bradycardia
C)Sinus tachycardia
D)Atrial tachycardia
Q6) _____ is the only normal heart rhythm.
Q7) In which rhythm is an escape beat sometimes seen?
A)Sinus rhythm
B)Sinus bradycardia
C)Sinus arrhythmia
D)Sinus arrest
Page 9
Q8) _____ is a rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100.
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Chapter 8: Rhythms Originating in the Atria
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Sample Questions
Q1) Atrial tachycardia is always accompanied by symptoms of decreased cardiac output.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Wandering atrial pacemaker has at least three different shapes of A)T waves.
B)QRS complexes.
C)P waves.
D)U waves.
Q3) Wandering atrial pacemaker has at least _____ different shapes of P waves.
Q4) Atrial flutter is almost always seen in patients with A)Thyrotoxicosis.
B)Acute heart attacks.
C)Heart disease.
D)Cardiac arrest.
Q5) Atrial fibrillation can cause a drop in cardiac output because it causes A)A loss of the atrial kick.
B)The ventricles to contract more forcefully.
C)The AV valves to remain open too long.
D)The sinus node to fire more often.
10
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Junctional rhythm has a heart rate the same as sinus bradycardia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) PJCs are a result of
A)Escape.
B)Usurpation.
C)Sinus node failure.
D)Atrial failure.
Q3) In mid-junctional rhythms,the P wave is
A)Upright,rounded,preceding the QRS.
B)Inverted following the QRS.
C)Inverted preceding the QRS.
D)Hidden inside the QRS.
Q4) Which junctional rhythm WOULD NOT be treated with atropine?
A)Junctional bradycardia
B)Juctional rhythm
C)Accelerated junctional rhythm
D)Junctional tachycardia
Q5) A P wave that is upside down is called _____.
Q6) Junctional tachycardia has a heart rate _____.
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Chapter 10: Rhythms Originating in the Ventricles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Following PVCs is usually a(n)
A)Complete compensatory pause.
B)Incomplete compensatory pause.
C)Escape beat.
D)Tall,pointy P wave.
Q2) PVCs are a sign of ventricular irritability.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Defibrillation is the treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Agonal rhythm has a heart rate less than _____.
Q5) PVC stands for _____.
Q6) Multifocal couplets are
A)Long runs of ventricular tachycardia.
B)A pair of PVCs that look the same.
C)A pair of PVCs that look different.
D)Reason to start CPR.
Q7) The treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation is _____.
Q8) Accelerated idioventricular rhythm has a heart rate between _____.
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Chapter 11: Av Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) First-degree AV block is characterized by a prolonged QRS interval.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Treatment for first-degree AV block involves A)Atropine.
B)Digitalis.
C)Electrical shock to the heart.
D)Removing the cause.
Q3) In third-degree AV block,the site of the block is either the A)Sinus node or the internodal tracts.
B)AV node or the Purkinje fibers.
C)Bundle branches or the AV node.
D)Sinus node or the AV node.
Q4) The type of AV block characterized by two P waves to each QRS and a constant PR interval is
A)First-degree AV block.
B)Third-degree AV block.
C)Wenckebach.
D)2:1 AV block.
Q5) In third-degree AV block,_____ sinus impulses get through to the ventricles.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: How to Interpret a 12-Lead Ekg
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the QRS in I is negative and the QRS in AVF is positive,the axis is A)Normal.
B)Right axis deviation.
C)Left axis deviation.
D)Indeterminate axis.
Q2) Left ventricular hypertrophy is most commonly caused by
A)Atrial fibrillation.
B)Heart attack.
C)Hypertension.
D)Chronic lung disease.
Q3) If the QRS in I and AVF are both negative,the axis is A)Normal.
B)Right axis deviation.
C)Left axis deviation.
D)Indeterminate axis.
Q4) Hypocalcemia causes a prolonged ST segment,thus causing a prolonged QT interval.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Critical rate is the rate at which _____.
Q6) RVH stands for _____.
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Chapter 13: Myocardial Infarction
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Sample Questions
Q1) To detect right ventricular infarction,one must do a right-sided EKG.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ST elevation indicates ischemia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An old inferior MI should show significant Q waves in II,III,and AVF even after several years.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If the transition zone is between V1 and V2,the EKG is said to have A)Malrotation.
B)Clockwise rotation.
C)Counterclockwise rotation.
D)Normal R wave progression.
Q5) Name the three Is of infarction._____.
Q6) Counterclockwise rotation is indicated from R wave transition in V1-2.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Inferior-lateral MI has indicative changes in leads _____.
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Chapter 14: Medications and Electrical Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pacemaker batteries last 5 to 15 years,depending on their use.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Name the implantable device that delivers a small internal shock to treat dysrhythmias such as VTach._____.
Q3) An AICD is
A)A defibrillator meant for use by the lay public.
B)An implanted defibrillator.
C)A cardiac monitor and defibrillator meant for use by health care professionals.
D)The same as a monitor-defibrillator.
Q4) What is epinephrine's effect on blood pressure?
A)No effect
B)Increases blood pressure
C)Decreases blood pressure
D)Causes a sudden increase in BP,then a profound drop in BP
Q5) Atropine cannot be given during cardiac arrest.
A)True
B)False
Q6) DDD pacemakers pace and sense which chamber(s)of the heart? _____.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Diagnostic Electrocardiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Holter monitoring is the gold standard for determining the presence of myocardial ischemia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The patient's target heart rate is 180,but he develops severe chest pain,shortness of breath,and diaphoresis at a heart rate of 135.What should be done?
A)Continue the test until the target heart rate is reached.
B)Stop the test immediately.
C)Continue the test until the heart rate reaches 153,which will be the 85% needed for a valid test.
D)Give the patient a nitroglycerin tablet sublingually and then continue the test.
Q3) Thallium-201 enters the heart in much the same way as which ion?
A)Sodium
B)Magnesium
C)Chloride
D)Potassium
Q4) A positive stress test implies that _____ is present.
Q5) Thallium-201 enters the heart in much the same way as the ion _____.
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