NORTH EAST AND GOULBURN MURRAY
Part of the Farmer Group Rural Newspapers Covering Victoria Published since 1984
MAY, 2017
Farmers with firearms targeted again PAGE 9
37 Rowan Street, Wangaratta 3677
The sheep that built Australia
Pasture and Fertiliser
PAGES 12-13
PAGE 18
Cultivating the next generation of farmers Sam Marwood, Tim Hicks and Tegan Hicks hope to IXO¿ O WKH GUHDPV RI DVSLULQJ farmers around Australia
A BRAVE NEW WORLD: Cultivate Farms co-founders Tegan and Tim Hicks with their children (from left) Rosie, George, Thea and Belle. PHOTO: Capture by Karen
THE Wangaratta branch of the Victorian Farmers Federation recently amalgamated with the Moyhu branch. Wangaratta and District VFF president Greg Mirabella said the reason behind the merger is indicative of the problems agriculture is facing across the country. “The VFF has the same problem that a lot of volunteer organisations like the CFA and CWA have,” he said. “Younger people just aren’t joining and the membership is aging.” Last month, the new-look Wangaratta branch hosted Sam Marwood from Cultivate Farms, who specialises in this very problem – helping young
BY JARRAH LOH
jloh@ nemedia.com.au
people buy their first farm and joining them to the agricultural community. Mr Mirabella said Cultivate Farms are attempting to address the gaping problem of the aging farming community. “A lot of older people on farms haven’t got kids to pass the farm onto anymore,” said Mr Mirabella. “And Cultivate Farms are trying to get communities together to put young people on farms in a different way.” Continued page 3
Covering North East Victoria, Southern New South Wales and Goulburn Murray Valleys
Email: nefarmer@nemedia.com.au Website: www.nemedia.com.au
Bill Michalowski Phone (03) 5723 0134 Fax (03) 5722 9778 bmichalowski@nemedia.com.au
Editorial:
Jarrah Loh Phone (03) 5723 0129 Fax (03) 5722 9778 jloh@nemedia.com.au
Pre-Press Coordinator
– NSW Department of Primary Industries (DPI) invasive species strategy manager, Quentin Hart.
Published by Hartley Higgins for North East Media Pty Ltd, 37 Rowan Street, Wangaratta 3677. Responsibility for election comment is accepted by Editor Jeff Zeuschner. Copyright: All advertising and editorial content of this issue edia Ptyy Ltd and an cannot is the copyright of North East Media be used without the company’s y’s permission.
YOUR
ON THE SPOT
Bill MICHALOWSKI
Advertising Manager
Jarrah LOH Editorial
It is now a reality that Australia’s red meat exports to China could soon reach more than $1 billion a year.”
The national impact of wild dogs on livestock, including control costs, is estimated to vary between $50 million to hundreds of millions of dollars annually.”
Noelene Allan Phone (03) 5723 0110 Fax (03) 5722 9778 nallan@nemedia.com.au
If it got into Australia, there is a risk it could spread and invade native vegetation habitats and compete with native snails.”
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DEADLINES: Please contact the NE Farmer office
May 2017
Over-herd: news in brief – The National Farmers’ Federation (NFF) president Fiona Simson following the Joint Statement on Enhancing Inspection and Cooperation, that coincided with a visit to Australia by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang.
37 Rowan St., Wangaratta, 3677 Phone (03) 5723 0100 Fax (03) 5721 9447
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Page 2, North East Farmer
NORTH EAST AND GOULBURN MURRAY
– The Department of Agriculture and Water Resources’ deputy secretary responsible for biosecurity, Lyn O’Connell, after biosecurity staff in Melbourne intercepted and identified an obscure invasive snail species, which is spreading through southern states of the United States. Many Aussies believe themselves to be healthy, yet this report shows the majority of those surveyed are not getting all the beneficial nutrients from fruit and vegetables needed for a healthy, balanced diet.” – Research director and co-author of the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet Professor Manny Noakes.
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Sheepmeat is likely to benefit from expected global population and economic growth, particularly in developing countries. It also has the added advantage of no religious taboos, and is being preferenced by consumers in the world’s fastest growing population centres and ethnic groups.” – Meat & Livestock Australia’s manager of market information Ben Thomas in MLA’s new report Sheepmeat’s Unique Global Position.
The price upturn enjoyed by wool producers has continued despite recent USD weakness. Wool is quite sensitive to currency movements and our expectations of a lower AUD this year point to further upside.” – NAB agribusiness economist Phin Ziebell in their March Rural Commodities Wrap, which shows wool as the strongest performing commodity.
Hens that are kept in cages under conditions that comply with the Model Code are healthy and safe. We support consumers in their right to choose which type of eggs they want to buy.” – John Dunn, CEO, Egg Farmers Australia on Victoria’s decision to undertake a review outside of the national process to develop Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines for Poultry.
A BILLION: (from left) Chinese Minister for Foreign Affairs Mr Wang Yi, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, Prime Minister of Australia Malcolm Turnbull and Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Agriculture and Water Resources Barnaby Joyce. In both 2015 and 2016 quad bikes accounted for the highest number of farm-related deaths overall. Since 2001, there have been 231 quad bike deaths across the country, with 43 of those fatalities being kids under the age of 16.” – Rural Doctors Association of Australia (RDAA) president, Dr Ewen McPhee, speaking from Parliament House.
Fire ants are a super pest – if we fail to eradicate them they will exact a devastating toll on our unique wildlife, farmers, schools, lifestyle, health system and infrastructure.” – Invasive Species Council of Australia CEO Andrew Cox following US fire ant expert Dr Robert Puckett’s national tour of Australia.
“This initiative forms an important part of our policy for a stronger agriculture sector, announced at last year’s federal election to support Australia’s farmers who contribute around $58 billion to our nation’s economy. – Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Agriculture and Water Resources, Barnaby Joyce, following the Coalition Government’s $5 million Leadership in Agricultural Industries Fund announcement. The Chinese market is a major market for a range of Australian grains, oilseeds and pulses and providing information and a clear and consistent message about the Australian industry, its quality and reliability is very important for our industry and particularly for Australian grain growers.” – Pat O’Shannassy, CEO Grain Trade Australia (GTA), following the AGIC Asia Conference in Shanghai.
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NEWS
May 2017
North East Farmer, Page 3
Cultivating the next generation their dream is to own their own farm, however, like many young families, it is ďŹ nancially out of their reach. So, with her husband and Mr Marwood, they have been building the social enterprise Cultivate Farms to reach their dreams and help hundreds of other families achieve their own. The company is now piloting the enterprise by establishing a handful of prototype farms across North East Victoria and South East NSW. Once proven, it can be expanded across Australia. “I believe the root cause for the decline of regional communities in Australia is the inability for young farming families to purchase their own farm,â€? said Mrs Hicks. Her background in conveyancing and ďŹ nance has been a strong asset when building both their farm business and Cultivate Farms, and she has already seen a run-on effect in the community. “At times, Hicks Country Beef has such a high frequency of orders we cannot meet the demands of our customers, so they purchase cows from other local farmers who apply the same farming principles.â€? She is conďŹ dent their new enterprise can work, but the team understands it will be hard to convince some. “Older farmers are harder and more suspicious,â€? said Mr Hicks. “But we don’t want to sell anybody; we want them to come to us because it’s what they need. “For instance, they can stay on the farm, and have someone helping them and only give up part ownership. “It can be the best for both worlds. “They don’t have to leave the farm, their community, or sell all their land.â€?
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arms and scowling from the retiring farmers.â€? Mr Marwood said he understands that it will be a long process to gain the trust of older farmers, but assures them he is there to help. “I tried to explain that it isn’t about my company trying to take your farm – I’m happy for people to run with this on their own,â€? he said. “It’s about ďŹ nding a succession to your farm and legacy.â€? He hopes it is only a matter of time before others realise the value in what his company is offering. “Once their accountants, lawyers and succession planners start to speak on our behalf, they might trust us more.â€? Mr Marwood started Cultivate Farms with husband and wife team Tim and Tegan Hicks, who were facing the same problem as many aspiring farmers. Mr Hicks similarly grew up on a small town farm and began running some cattle on agistment around Albury. “My wife Tegan and I got married and as soon as we got home from our honeymoon, we went and bought a bunch of vealers and got serious about it.â€? Now, aside from running Cultivate Farms, the couple have their own paddock-toplate operation in Hicks Country Beef – not to mention their four young children. “In 2013 my husband and I decided to sell our grass fed beef direct to friends and family,â€? said Mrs Hicks. “We have been overwhelmed with the response. “We manage all aspects of processing and work with a local butcher to deliver a premium product.â€? Mrs Hicks grew up on the Murray River in the border town of Howlong and says
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„ From page 1
“Sam spoke well and there was a big audience – certainly a larger crowd than usual,â€? said Mr Mirabella. “Everyone said it was really interesting and is an issue that has been building for decades.â€? Sam Marwood, who grew up on a dairy farm north of Bendigo, knows ďŹ rsthand how hard it can be. “We know it’s almost impossible for any young person to become a farmer these days,â€? said Mr Marwood. “Unless you inherit a fortune, or a farm, then it’s impossible.â€? But he believes Cultivate Farms have found a business solution that is a world ďŹ rst. “Our business model is based on match-making,â€? he said. “We connect young farmers with retiring farmers, and then connect them with investors.â€? He said the model beneďŹ ts all parties. “We know that there are young people that would be farmers tomorrow but just don’t have the money,â€? he said. “There are retiring farmers with no one to take over their role. “And there are investors looking for an established farm that will continue to another generation.â€? Mr Marwood came to the Wangaratta VFF looking for established local farmers. “We have many investors and aspiring young people, so now we want to talk to as many retiring farmers as possible.â€? Though there were a lot of questions being ďŹ elded, Mr Marwood said it wasn’t all smiles from the crowd at the VFF meeting. “I had some good feedback, especially from the young farmers,â€? he said. “But I noticed a lot of crossed
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Page 4, North East Farmer
May 2017
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THE Baker family’s 10th Annual Elite Production Sale at Furner, South Australia will go down in the annals as one to remember for a long time, and for all the right reasons. Record prices weren’t just broken; they were obliterated when the lead sale bull, Woonallee Los Angeles L124 sold for a mind blowing $160,000. “He blew everybody’s expectations out of the water,” said Tom Baker from Woonallee Simmentals.
Sired by the top New Zealand bull Glen Anthony Y-Arta AY02 and out of the magnificent Woonallee Kathie B111 of South African bloodlines via Buzzard Hollow Ranch (USA), this 18-month-old 1030kg bull attracted a huge amount of pre-sale interest and favourable comment. The buyer was Brett Nobbs, Nobbs Cattle Co., Duaringa via Rockhampton, QLD. Mr Nobbs is relatively new
Young farmers boot camp
YOUNG farmers are being encouraged to sign up for a three day business boot camp designed especially to assist producers to understand and manage business risk. Agriculture Victoria program manager meat and wool services, Kate Linden, said the Young Farmer Farm Business Boot Camp program was successfully
piloted in 2015 and has returned to provide vital skills to assist young farmers. “These boot camps are a fantastic opportunity for young producers to learn about business risk and strategies to help mitigate it,” she said. “Participants will walk away with a business plan that helps them uncover and plan strategies
to build their business.” Ms Linden said the program is aimed at supporting young people who want to have a long and successful career in the sheep, beef and mixed farming industries. Camps will be held at different locations across Victoria in May and June to ensure everyone has an opportunity to attend in their region.
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to Simmental breeding, but is one of the most widely respected and successful Brahman breeders in the country and in explaining his record bull purchase said, “I see a lot of beef bulls, and this bull is extraordinary; a once in a lifetime bull.” The bull will be collected for export semen sales and while yet undecided, Mr Nobbs said there is a possibility that limited packages may be offered within Australia.
If you’d like to grow with Rabobank call Albury on 02 6042 1600 or Shepparton on 03 5822 7100
NEWS
May 2017
North East Farmer, Page 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Compiled by DAVID
RIZZOLI
The first wood chips exported from Australia, mostly to Japan, were sent from Eden, NSW in (a) 1960 (b) 1970 (c) 1980? Place in order of fat content of Australian dairy cows (high to low) – Holstein, Guernsey, Jersey, Ayrshire. Where would you find (a) The Big Orange, (b) the Big Merino Ram, (c) the Big Pineapple, (d) the Big Rock Lobster?
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Horticultural and Viticultural Machinery Manufacturers
In 1890, a factory was built at Bacchus Marsh for the commercial manufacture of which dairy products ? What is FMD?
THE Victorian Government has established a new way for sheep and goat producers to order electronic tags. A new protocol means rural distributors are now able to order electronic NLIS (Sheep) tags on behalf of their producer clients. Using Agriculture Victoria’s online tag ordering portal, rural distributors can now act for sheep and goat producers and complete the ordering process for them. This provides farmers with another way to order their electronic tags. Any charges for providing this ordering service is a commercial arrangement between distributors and their clients and are not related to Agriculture Victoria’s charges. Questions regarding the new protocol can be directed to Agriculture Victoria’s NLIS toll-free Helpline on 1800 678 779 during office hours. Or online: https://tags.agriculture.vic.gov.au/.
Which Australian beef cattle breed was first bred at Thologolong, Victoria? What is a Dry Sheep Equivalent (DSE)?
Where are the Australian head offices of the stock and station agents Landmark and Elders located?
Rev. Samuel Marsden is credited with sending the first commercial shipment of what from NSW to England in 1811? In 1926 pasteurised milk was first sold in Australia in which State capital city ?
“distressed” – equivalent to 1452km. “Once again, the RACV has repeatedly said that the failure over many years to invest in maintaining roads will seriously compromise safety for Victorians,” Brian Negus, RACV general manager public policy, said. “The government needs to understand that when Victorians can get from home to work and back safely, our entire economy benefits. “An investment in our roads today is an investment in Victoria’s future,” he said.
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Regional roads are underfunded THE RACV has called on the State Government to make the safety of our roads a major priority with a clear financial commitment in the upcoming budget. In its budget submission to the State Government, the RACV detailed its independent review of Victoria’s regional highway network. The review showed that Victoria’s country roads are seriously underfunded and the steep decline of the network’s condition is now impacting road safety. VicRoads data showed that in 2015-16, 7.4 per cent of the 19,630km network in regional Victoria was
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What are the Victorian localities Wandin and Lardner Park noted for?
ANSWERS: 1. (b) 1970. 2. Jersey (5.1%), Guernsey (5.0%), Ayrshire (3.9%), Holstein (Friesian)(3.1%). 3. (a) Berri, SA, (b) Goulburn NSW, (c) Nambour, QLD, (d) Kingston, SA. 4. Preserved and Concentrated Milk. 5. Foot and Mouth Disease. 6. The Murray Grey. 7. The amount of metabolisable energy required to maintain a 50 kg wether in good condition. 8. Landmark: Melbourne, Elders: Adelaide. 9. Wandin-Silvan Field Days (Horticultural & Agricultural); Farm World, Lardner Park. 10. Breeds of Beef Cattle. 11. Wool. 12. Perth WA.
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NEWS
May 2017
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VICTORIAN horticulturists are being urged to implement best practice biosecurity measures following outbreaks of Tomato Potato Psyllid (TPP) in Western Australia. Chief plant health officer Dr Gabrielle Vivian-Smith said there have been no confirmed reports of TPP in Victoria. Victoria has imposed restrictions on the importation of any risk material from Western Australia as a precaution. The restrictions extend to plant or plant product belonging to the family Convolvulaceae or the family Solanaceae. These families include
plants such as sweet potatoes, capsicums, tomatoes, eggplants, potatoes, tamarillos and chillies. Dr Vivian-Smith said TPP is a small sap-sucking, winged insect, which resembles a tiny cicada (3mm long). TPP causes yellowing of the leaves, wilting, misshapen fruit and reduced crop yield. A noticeable sign is the presence of small insects jumping from the foliage when disturbed. Adult psyllids are sometimes called jumping plant lice as they readily jump
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NEWS
Reaping the seeds of a successful harvest
North East Farmer, Page 7 By SARAH HETHERINGTON Agriculture Victoria
Ovens Valley pumpkin producer hits jackpot By BRAD WORRALL ONE of the Ovens Valley’s fastest growing agribusinesses is expected to harvest 30 tonnes of pumpkin seeds this year. That involves crushing more than 150 tonnes of pumpkins. It’s double last year’s production and ongoing demand will see the Ovensbased Australian Pumpkin Seed Company look to at least double its production again next year to keep pace with the natural health food sector’s growing apetite for their product. Last week the company driven by Sharan and Jay Rivett shifted into harvest mode at the most recently converted pumpkin paddocks on the river flats along the Buffalo River that were once used for tobacco.
Jay Rivett believes it is a litmus test to their biodynamic operation. “We are excited to watch the company grow, excited that every year we are getting busier,” he said. “Next year we will be looking to harvest 60, perhaps as much as 90 tonnes and if we had the capital we would expand even further. “The exciting part about the Merriang South property is that we believe we can keep our organic certification despite past practices and perhaps that opens up other opportunities to former tobacco farms. “These paddocks are very much part of the learning for us and while one looks good the other has probably struggled in a way we expected both of them to suffer.” Mr Rivett said the Styrian pumpkins, a genetic
mutation that produces large seeds with no husks, were planted about a month later than expected. “The river flats were under water last October so it took time before we could get on it and prepare it for planting,” he said. “It took us 15 days to harvest the pumpkins at the Antonello farm and it will take us about 15 days to harvest these paddocks but we also have crops at Swan Hill and Goondiwindi in northern NSW. “ We r e a l l y h a v e h a d mixed results across all paddocks but we are always trialling new things, seeing what works and doesn’t work as we try to improve our practices.” More than 200kg of the crushed pumpkins will be used by Bright Brewery in an experimental brew.
No bitter taste after this citrus adventure A CHANCE tasting of an unusual Asian citrus fruit could see a new crop added to Victoria’s list of exports. Eurobin growers Jane and Brian Casey first tasted yuzu when they travelled to Japan to promote another crop they grow – chestnuts. It sparked their interest so much they planted about two hectares or 1200 trees but the Caseys recognised there was much they needed to know to capitalise on what they saw as an emerging export market. It was here that Food Source Victoria stepped in, awarding Jane a scholarship to study yuzu in its native Japan. Jane’s scholarship saw her travel to Koichi, the main yuzu growing region in Japan, to gain knowledge on the growth habits of the tree and management including pruning and fertiliser use to enhance fruit quality and production. She also learned more about how to grade and pack the fruit for export sale. The new knowledge gained on the Food Source Victoria scholarship has already created major changes in the Caseys’ orchard including increasing the spacing between trees. Mrs Casey said she saw potential for other growers to become involved in growing yuzu. “Although our current orchard is young, we have committed substantial resources to it,” Mrs Casey said. “Our current planting is 1000 trees and this will expand to 2000 trees in the next 12 months. “Having the knowledge to produce top quality fruit, and being able to pass on that knowledge to other growers, will be integral to achieving success for this crop.” Food Source Victoria project manager Susan Findlay said the Caseys had shown what could be achieved through the project’s scholarship program. “The opportunities that are opening up, not only for the Caseys but potentially for other growers, could be really important and are exactly the outcomes we aim for,” Ms Findlay said. To date, 19 people have been successful in gaining Food Source Victoria scholarships. Further information is at: http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/ food-and-fibre-industries/food-sourcevictoria. To apply, please contact Susan Findlay on susan.findlay@ecodev.vic.gov.au.
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ARE you active in your community, and looking for a new learning opportunity? Do you want to improve your ability to influence the future of your community, and make rewarding new friendships? If so, you may be eligible for a Gardiner Foundation scholarship to participate in the 2017 – 2018 Alpine Valleys Community Leadership Program. The Alpine Valleys Community Leadership Program (AVCLP) spans 10 months of experiential education, and the next program will commence in July 2017. During this time participants will experience an extraordinary journey of personal discovery, while developing an appreciation for the variety and uniqueness of North East Victoria. The program will offer participants the
opportunity to meet a broad range of regional, state and national leaders. As a pro-active investor in projects that benefit the dairy industry and its communities, Gardiner Foundation is committed to developing the local and regional leaders who will shape strong and vibrant rural communities. This partnership with AVCLP provides a unique opportunity for up to three passionate individuals from the dairy and allied industries to build their skills, confidence and networks within their region. Enquiries and applications are welcomed from people who are either actively involved in the dairy industry in North East Victoria, or active community members in the Mitta Valley. To apply, contact leaders@avclp.org.au, 0437 827 548 or visit: www.avclp.org.au.
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A DOG’S LIFE: The hounds and the hunters were more than ready for this year’s deer season opening on April 1. PHOTO: Joe deSousa
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Hound hunting season open By JARRAH LOH GAME Management Authority chief executive officer Greg Hyams announced last month that hound hunting for Sambar deer season was open from April 1. “Hunters must respect land boundaries, only hunt in legal areas and ensure they do not hunt on or across roads,� he said. “Everyone must ensure their hounds are the correct breed and are registered.� Champion shooter Nick Kirley, from Mansfield Hunting and Fishing, was prepared for an upturn in traffic
on the weekend, staying open late on Friday night to accommodate hunters’ needs. “We don’t just supply for the Mansfield area, but a lot of people come through on their way to other regions,� he said. “They will be mainly buying ammo, clothing and camping gear they’ve forgotten.� Aside from the Sambar hound hunting season, he said there will be just as many deer hunters out chasing Fallow deer during the current rut – not to mention all the duck hunters that are still out. “I think it is pretty good
for the town – a lot of people come through here,� said Mr Kirley. “And they spend a lot of money. “Two years ago, they did a study and found something along the lines of $10 million was spent by hunting related traffic in this town alone.� GMA game officers will be active throughout private and public land across the state during the season to ensure hunters act in a safe and responsible manner. Hunters are reminded they must be licensed, respect private property, adhere to bag limits and use firearms safely.
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North East Farmer, Page 9
Gun-owning farmers overcharged THOUSANDS of firearm licence holders may have been charged incorrectly over two decades, an internal review by Victoria Police has found. Northern Victoria MLC Daniel Young from the Shooters, Fishers and Farmers Party says it shows yet again the futility of a gun registry. “They have shown several times now that they are incapable of keeping tight security over the information they hold,” he said. “We would be very unhappy if anyone that overpaid was not reimbursed, or if extra costs were extracted due to their error.” This, in the same week that the NSW Police Force Firearms Registry sent 104 gun licences to the wrong people, and only months after the Victorian game registry was accidently breached. “They have leaked very sensitive information several times,” said Mr Young. “This is very concerning as a firearms owner that others may have my information; including my address, storage and its contents. “All this for something that is not needed. “There is no need for registration; it does nothing for public safety or crime.” Mansfield Hunting and Fishing’s Nick Kirley said that, “more than likely, dozens of farmers in the area would be affected” by the errors. Victoria Police is currently attempting to contact some 2500 firearm licence holders following the audit which found it may have overcharged or undercharged gun owners a fee when they applied for, or renewed a second firearm licence. Category C longarm licence holders are those potentially affected. Category C licences often include firearms for farmers and clay target shooters involving semi-automatic rifles and semi-automatic and pump-action shotguns. Superintendent Paul Millett from the Victoria Police’s Licensing and Regulation Division said the error has not resulted in anyone securing a firearm licence that they shouldn’t have. This mistake, he said, dates back to a complicated fee structure set out in the legislation 20 years ago. “This is a human error that has gone unnoticed for a long period of time,” Superintendent Millett said. “It was not recognised through regular internal and external audits. “We know that some people will absolutely be entitled to refunds. “We will be working through this process of contacting people to notify them of the error and to determine their individual situation as quickly as possible.” Superintendent Millett said Victoria Police would not be taking any further action with licence holders who have been undercharged. “Victoria Police will be engaging the services of an independent forensic accountant to examine the records of affected licence holders to identify who has been undercharged, who has been overcharged and what refunds affected licence holders may be entitled to,” said a statement by Victoria Police.
PRODUCE: Murray Long pictured above conducting the independent Fabstock trials.
Cash and weight gains WITH diminishing dry autumn feed, livestock producers should be mindful of the savings they can make while their livestock are grazing stubbles or dry pasture, according to recent independent trials. By using Fabstock Stubble Mix, producers can increase the feed value of current dry feed rather than using expensive grain options earlier than needed and increase weight gains by up to 74 per cent. Every year after harvest, large numbers of livestock are lost with grain poisoning when animals are first introduced to freshly harvested stubbles. The use of vitamin and mineral supplements has been shown to provide significant benefits to lambs and cattle. In independent trials conducted by Murray Long from Clear View Consultancy at the Temora Agricultural Innovation Centre (TAIC), 63 September drop lambs were raised and weaned on lucerne and then rotated through available stubble with a control group and the rest provided with the Fabstock Stubble Mix supplement. The lambs on barley stubble with supplement exhibited growth rates 87 grams/ head/day greater than the control group (74 per cent increase). In the slashed dry wheat crop the lambs with supplement grew 122.1gms/head/day faster than the control group (39 per cent increase). Another independent trial at TAIC demonstrated the positive benefit that Fabstock Feedlot Mix had on lamb growth rates grazing high quality lucerne pasture in the paddock. These lambs achieved growth rates up to 100gms/day higher than the control group not on the supplement. During the six week trial the trade weight lambs put on 51-58 per cent (3.6-4.2 kg) more weight than the control group at a cost of only 25c/lamb/week. Fabstock Happy Feet Mix with added biotin and zinc has also claimed to have been extremely popular and successful during the last two wet years being fed in autumn and winter to prevent foot abscess and scold in sheep. For more information on the Fabstock Vitamin and Mineral supplement products phone Russel Durnan for a free brochure on 1300 733 644, 0408 694154 or go to www. farmandfencing.com.au and go to FABSTOCK.
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Rabbit virus takes hold, but not everyone happy By JARRAH LOH CSIRO scientists have confirmed the first rabbits in Victoria to die from the newly released Korean strain of calicivirus, known as RHDV1 K5. Two dead rabbits were found near a release site at Tanybryn, while one other was found near a release site in western Victoria. This result came just two weeks after the national release of K5 by community groups and land managers at 150 sites across Victoria. Agriculture Victoria rabbit biosecurity manager John Matthews said this result confirms that K5 is starting to work. “These reports are vital to our understanding of the movement of the disease around the country and will assist landholders in making future decisions about rabbit management,” he said. Mr Matthews claims pest
rabbits are Australia’s most destructive agricultural pest animal, costing $200 million in lost agricultural production every year. But there have been several proponents against the hasty release of the new virus. The RSPCA had a number of concerns regarding the release of K5 and said they would have preferred to see it delayed until the full efficacy of the available vaccine could be determined, alongside the impact of the K2 virus, that was accidently released into Australia last year, and which has no vaccine. King Valley meat rabbit farmer Elaine Maples is one local that is not looking forward to another strain of the virus. “I have been breeding meat rabbits for the last three years,” Ms Maples told the North East and Goulburn Muray Farmer. “I have vaccinated twice in the past and it is really
expensive and they haven’t worked for me at all.” Ms Maples said the K2 strain wiped out almost all of her 200 rabbits last spring. “I’m not going to vaccinate for K5 because it’s just not worth it for the meat you get from a small rabbit,” she said. “And I have talked to other owners, who have lost similar amounts.” Ken Lang from Yarra Valley Game Meats confirmed that meat rabbit demand is very high at the moment and it is starting to become harder and harder to find adequate supplies. “I understand that in some areas there are serious rabbit problems,” said Ms Maples. “But in the King Valley they’re certainly not in plague proportions. “Not compared to the deer, which are especially harsh on the vineyards. “At night you’d be lucky to see a couple of rabbits.”
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THE 2017 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) Victorian Rural Women’s Award has gone to a woman with big plans for the local seafood industry. Kirsten Abernethy has spent more than 10 years working internationally in the fisheries industry, and returned to Melbourne in 2015
to take up a position with Seafood Industry Victoria. Ms Abernethy was selected by an independent panel alongside three other finalists, Cath Jenkins, Joelene Williams and Lisa Brassington. She received $10,000 for her project.
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North East Farmer, Page 11
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Page 12, North East Farmer
NEWS
May 2017
The forgotten sheep that helped
BY DAVID RIZZOLI
WITH the approach of the season of sheep shows and spring ram sales, it is interesting to reflect on just what it is that makes Australia the world’s leading sheep producer for both wool and prime lambs. Australians, generally, are familiar with the Merino sheep with its bold, upstanding appearance and its reputation as the animal which produces the world’s finest wool. But few know of the other breeds of sheep which can genuinely lay claim to being the foundation upon which the Australian sheep industry has been built. The Merino, since its introduction to New South Wales by Captain Waterhouse in 1790 and subsequent development as Australia’s premier sheep by pioneers such as John and Elizabeth Macarthur, and the Reverend Samuel Marsden, has dominated the wool image of the Australian sheep industry. But, it is the little known British breeds of sheep which have been the backbone of the Australian sheep industry since the very earliest days of settlement in this country. Long before, other breeds were laying the foundation of the industry - breeds which are now facing an uncertain future in Australia as their numbers continue to decline.
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With this in mind, in 2002 a group of concerned Victorian sheep breeders headed up by leading sheep man, Ian Bucknall, met at the Royal Melbourne Show and formed Heritage Sheep Australia, whose mission is: “Saving the breeds that were the foundation of our sheep and wool industry”. Heritage Sheep Australia believes that, “The genetic heritage of these sheep is to be treasured”. To this end, nine breeds
of sheep: Lincoln, English Leicester, Cheviot, Romney Marsh, Shropshire, Dorset Horn, Dorset Down, Hampshire Down and Ryeland, were nominated as being endangered in this country. Heritage Sheep Australia is affiliated with the Australian Stud Sheep Breeders Association (ASSBA) which represents some 21 different sheep breeds in Australia. Lincoln An ancient breed firmly established in Lincolnshire by the
mid-18th century which first arrived in Australia in 1865. Two Victorian flocks: Ian and Rae Christie’s Garvald at Hamilton, and Richardson Brothers’Grassmere at Newlyn trace their continuous registration since their foundation in 1873. There are currently only eleven Lincoln studs listed in the Australian Flock Book. The Lincoln’s special place in Australia’s sheep industry was in the development of this country’s own dual purpose
sheep breeds: the Corriedale, Polwarth and Comeback, renowned for their meat and wool production. Lincolns produce the heaviest and longest stapled fleece of all the sheep breeds with a broad crimp and attractive lustre. The wool is used for roller capping (wrapping around the rollers in wool scouring) and the making of wigs for the legal profession. English Leicester One of the oldest British
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sheep breeds. These animals came into prominence in the mid-1700s, when Robert Bakewell of Leicestershire improved the breed as a meat and wool producer. It is probable that these sheep were in Australia from the earliest days of settlement, but the Leicester as it was then known, officially arrived in Australia when the Bryant Brothers brought it to Tasmania in 1824. Numerous other large pastoral companies imported the sheep into Tasmania until around 1838. Over the next 100 years the English Leicester was crossed with other breeds, including the Merino, to produce prime lamb dams. Dorset Horn Recognised as one of the oldest sheep breeds in Great Britain. It was introduced into Australia in 1895 and immediately gained enormous popularity because of its quick growth to early maturity, fecundity and its ability to breed out of season. However, it was in the 1930’s that the breed came into its own in the breeding of Australia’s own Poll Dorset sheep. Today the Poll Dorset produces around 95 per cent of all the prime lambs produced in Australia for the domestic and export markets. Continued page 13
May 2017
NEWS
North East Farmer, Page 13
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Shropshire From 1900 to 1920, some 6700 Shropshire rams were exported around the world making it one of the most popular breeds at that time. It originated from sheep that roamed the common on the Shropshire and Staffordshire border during the 19th century. Shropshire wool is a Downs type suitable for hosiery and hand knitting yarn and the sheep is one of the heavier wool producers among the mediumwoolled breeds. The breed was ďŹ rst introduced into Australia in the 1850s and dominated export lamb production for many decades being immensely popular around Federation. Romney Formerly known as the Romney Marsh, the Romney played a major role in the development of the Australian Poll Dorset along with the Ryeland. The Romney is also one of the oldest known breeds of sheep with its origins tracing back over 700 years to the 13th century. Romneys were noted for their long, dense eece and the wool became one of the most prized wools in the woollen industry. Romney sheep are prized by many prime lamb breeders as they produce excellent lambs for the domestic and export markets but also make economical self-replacing ewe ocks.
T/12D10170-V19/1516
Dorset Down Bears very little relationship to the Dorset Horn, being developed with numerous crosses of Berkshire Knot, Southdown and Wiltshire Horn. However, it was described in early days as “the local polled cousin of the Dorset Hornâ€?, although with its dark face and legs it bears no resemblance. The Dorset Down was introduced into Australia in 1939 by L.J. McMaster of Coolah, New South Wales with the purchase of 20 ewes and two rams from England. In Victoria, the Woodhall Dorset Down Stud was established in 1946 by Walter Turnbull and Sons at Wedderburn with the purchase of ďŹ ve in-lamb ewes from England and today is still owned by the family being operated by Margaret and Colin Chapman at New Gisborne. Hampshire Down Developed early in the 19th century by crossing Wiltshire Horned sheep with the Berkshire Knot and the Southdown. This gives these sheep a similar appearance to the Dorset Down and, like this sheep was regarded as a proven prime lamb breeder. Ryeland The origins of the Ryeland sheep are lost in antiquity, but are at least traceable back to
the 11th century. It is believed that they were derived from the Spanish Merino. Medieval records show that the monks from Dore Abbey ran 3000 of the sheep, whose wool was prized and popular for export to Flanders. During the 16th century Ryelands experienced increased popularity due, as legend has it, to the interest of Queen Elizabeth I, who was given a pair of stockings made of Ryeland wool and was so impressed with them that she ordained that all of her clothing should be made of Ryeland wool. The breed was introduced into Australia in 1919 and today is still used by some breeders as a terminal sire for prime lamb production. Cheviot The Cheviot, which was introduced to Australia in 1938 quickly gained favour as a terminal sire but has declined over recent years and no longer plays a major role in the prime lamb industry. The Cheviot originated around the mid–1870s in the Cheviot Hills, along the England and Scottish border. When ďŹ rst introduced, Cheviots were popular in South Eastern Australia for their ability to withstand cold, wet winters and their ability to forage in hot dry summers when feed was short.
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Page 14, North East Farmer
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NEWS
May 2017
Crops carry grape hopes Volume down but quality expected By BRAD WORRALL QUALITY not quantity is bearing fruit for grape growers in the region, said Alpine Valleys Wine Region president Micheal Freudenstein. This year the valleys will produce about 2800 tonnes of grapes, almost half of what was grown in 2008 before the fall in demand. But Mr Freudenstein said what was lost in tonnage has been rewarded with quality. “There was a time when the big operations took all the fruit they could, that wasn’t good for the industry, now even they demand quality grapes,” he said. “The industry found that high cropping levels didn’t work and in the end those people who produced poorer quality grapes were driven out of the industry. “What has happened in our valleys is that we have halved the quantity and doubled the quality.” Mr Freudenstein expects this year’s vintage to be one of the best on record. “The long drawn out spring and relatively mild summer has seen the grapes mature slowly – the result is
the sugar levels are up despite the 40mm of rain we had a couple of weeks ago, the fruit is holding up and there has been little or no disease,” he said. “The long ripening season and more recently cool nights and lack of blazing summer days has also helped maintain the acid levels and lifted the flavour profiles. “It will be a very good year for Shiraz and Sangiovese, reds in general, but I don’t think anyone is going to be disappointed with the white wines that come out of this vintage either.” Last month, Tony Ferraro was taking the last of his Vermentino grapes off the vines at his Myrtleford vineyard. The grapes will be used by Beechworth’s Willem Kurt Wines. “The wet winter and spring has probably seen everything set back about a month but that meant the ripening of the grapes avoided some of those blazing hot January days,” he said. “We should be finished here today but we still have some blocks to pick and we should be all done in a couple of weeks.”
VINTAGE CROP: Tony Ferraro was last month picking the last of his Vermentino grapes for Willem Kurt Wines. PHOTO: Brad Worrall
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Page 16, North East Farmer
NEWS
May 2017
TOP PRICE: Riga Moccasin M67 was the top priced bull at the recent Riga Angus sale, purchased by the Mercieca family.
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EARLIER this month a very even line up of quality-assured yearling bulls went up for auction at Riga Angus. It was only the second time Mansfield’s only Angus stud has run an on-farm sale, and this year’s spirited Helmsman auction was conducted by Michael Glasser of GTSM. Impressively, 31 of the 36 12-month-old bulls were sold, making an average of $4715, with a sale top of $7250. Bulls were parent verified and genomic i50K tested, giving them EBV accuracies of up to 85 per cent of those traits that were measurable. The top priced bull was Riga Moccasin M67, who was sold to GJ and H Mercieca of Mansfield. The Mercieca Family run a highly regarded, high-dollar earning weaner operation. M67 is a son of Sydgen Black Pearl out of a TC Franklin
female, who displayed great softness and curve, bending growth with calving ease and had been earmarked early as a superb sire and great example of his breed. M67 weighed 686kg and had an adjusted daily weight gain from birth of 1.61kg. His EBVs included top five per cent for 200 day growth, top 10 per cent for calving ease daughters, 400 day growth, 600 day growth, carcase weight and top 15 per cent for heavy grass index. The Mercieca family purchased a further two bulls for a combined average of $6500. Second highest price bull was Lot 32, a Docklands son who sold for $6750 to SW and RL Parsons of Maindample for heifer joining. The bull had a gestation length in the top five per cent, and calving ease and growth in the top 20 per cent.
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The Parsons purchased another two bulls for a combined average of $6250, to be used over heifers in their feeder steer operation. Another volume buyer was K Finger and Sons, who took home three bulls for an average of $6000 and a top of $6500 for lot 6, to use in their grass-fed steer finishing operation. The bulls were sons of Docklands and Sydgen Black Pearl. P and K Kirkbride purchased lot 12 for $6500, Grifforan Pastoral purchased lot 26 for $6000, AN and KL van Winden purchased lot 16 for $6000 and the Baker Family Trust took home two bulls to a top of $5000 for lot 7, who weighed an impressive 766kg, with an exceptional daily weight gain of 1.8kg. Over 70 people attended, with the majority coming from the North East and Riverina.
Decades of septic system misery, banished in days. Queensland couple Mike and Rose Maynard talk about their decadeslong battle with septic tank odours and fouling, and the environmentally friendly solution that restored their pride in their home within two weeks.
“Our septic system was put in when we built in 1988,� says Mike Maynard from his rural property in sunny Queensland. “Over the years we have had continuing problems with the system not working properly. The area around the trench would get so wet and boggy that we could not even walk near it, let alone use the mower.� But that wasn’t the worst bit of their dysfunctional septic system. “The smell would become almost overpowering at times,� says Mike, “especially when it rained or when we had visitors to stay, which was quite embarrassing.�
The stink that stuck The problem wouldn’t go away, which is common with septic tanks and wastewater treatment systems. “As time went on, the smell was becoming a constant thing,â€? explains Rose. Septic systems are much like a digestive system for your house. Just as you need healthy bacteria in your body, your septic system needs a healthy balance of good bacteria to process the waste from your home. Otherwise, problems occur and recur. “We were at a loss as to what to do to ďŹ x it, apart from getting the septic pumped out again, digging up and replacing the trench, or even replacing the whole system – all expensive options,â€? says Rose. “But then we read in a magazine about Ecocare Activator.â€?
Cleaners don’t cut it Often confused with traditional septic system cleaning products, Ecocare Activator is much more than a cleaner.
Sound advice about odours “My husband rang and spoke at length to George at Insight Environmental about our problem and, based on that conversation and George’s assurances, we decided to try Ecocare Activator,� says Rose. “We thought, ‘Really, what do we have to lose,’ as it is only a fraction of the cost of the other options we had.� What happened next surprised Mike and Rose, but not George.
Fast forward for the Maynards “We were astounded by the results and how quickly it happened,� says Rose with a smile. “Within a couple of weeks the smell was gone and you could see the area around the trench drying – something that had not happened for twenty years or more.� That was in the winter of 2013. Today, Mike and Rose still have a healthy, odour-free septic system. “We now have a dry paddock,� Mike explains. “We can mow and walk all around the area. “We could not be happier with the results and will continue to use this fabulous product.�
It’s an easy-to-use, environmentally friendly, septicsafe solution that activates and conditions your septic system. It gets the ‘digestive system’ healthy again, which, in turn, clears the blockages that cause bad odours and keeps the entire septic system clean.
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Page 18, North East Farmer
PASTURE & FERTILISER
Lucerne taste test
Get a strong grip on fencing THE non-slip Griplock Fixed Knot wire prevents slippage when under severe pressure from both livestock and vermin alike and the knot has been independently tested at up to 236 per cent stronger than some traditional fence wire knots, like ring joint. Russel and Lindy Durnan, owners of Australian Farm and Fencing in Wagga Wagga are your local suppliers of Griplock Premier and another Southern Wire product called Farm Fence, which is extremely popular, also with its new square knot and very competitive price tag. For more information on these innovative products and any other farm fencing needs, call in to see Russel and Lindy Durnan at Australian Farm and Fencing at 11 Mooroong Street, Wagga Wagga (next to Southwest Stockfeeds) or phone them on (02) 6971 9133.
THE sheep herds of Australia are being asked to cast their vote, by teeth, to let researchers know just what type of lucerne crop is their favourite. Agriculture Victoria is currently evaluating 47 different lucerne cultivars for ‘grazing preference’ as determined by sheep. Senior research scientist and project leader, Meredith Mitchell, said the tests were about evaluating all current available commercial lucerne cultivars, as well as prerelease material from seed companies and some material from China. “These experiments will help identify traits, for producers to potentially take advantage of,” Dr Mitchell said. “Lucerne is a highly diverse species with large variation in traits and restrictions, such as seasonal growth variations, growth patterns, and tolerance
FAB: Des Ryan of Pinedale (on right) picking up a pallet of FABSTOCK Super Cycle from Russel Durnan at Australian Farm and Fencing.
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exploit them.” Dr Mitchell said observations are being recorded at six week intervals. Grazing preference is being assessed using sheep in each plot area. Sheep are on the plots for 27 hours, and the plots are rated on how much plant is eaten at 3, 6, 24 and 27 hour intervals. “We are trying to correlate grazing preference with plant form (upright verses prostrate), pasture height, forage quality and leaf to stem ratio. “We will be repeating this grazing preference experiment at both sites during winter,” Dr Mitchell said. A field day, “How we can manage lucerne better”, will be held early this month looking at tactical grazing management of lucerne to maximise productivity along with preliminary analysis of the animal grazing preference experiment.
Serrated Tussock Working Party THE Victorian Serrated Tussock Working Party (VSTWP) would like to invite everyone to their Facebook page, which was launched recently. Farmers can keep updated with the latest news, events, research, treatment information and extension material regarding the declared noxious weed Serrated Tussock (nassella trichotoma). They also have detailed information on identification, best practice management and
treatment options on their website at: www. serratedtussock.com. Serrated Tussock is a type of perennial tufted grass, native in Argentina, Uruguay, Chile and Peru. It is on the list of Weeds of National Significance in Australia, reducing the productivity of pasture, invading native grasslands and creating a fire hazard. It is unpalatable to stock and can rapidly dominate landscapes.
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to stresses such as grazing, heat and drought.” The experiment is being conducted in small plot experiments at Agriculture Victoria’s Rutherglen and Hamilton sites. The locations represent contrasting grazing districts in Victoria and the experiment sites were sown in spring 2015. “The varieties in this experiment represent the full range of winter dormancy ratings available in Australia,” Dr Mitchell said. “Also included are several grazing-tolerant varieties, two that have a rhizomatous habit, which means the plant will grow runners across the soil surface, plus several with a degree of waterlogging tolerance. “This project will explore the large diversity of traits within the lucerne species which, once identified, could provide the opportunity to
CHOICE: New research by Agriculture Victoria is looking at which lucerne crops sheep like best. v12D10468-V10/1417
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May 2017 NORTH EAST AND GOULBURN MURRAY
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WANGARATTA BEST PRICES - APRIL 2017 Prime Prices No: 6/04/2017 1 1 9 1 20/04/2017 1 10 3 8 27/04/2017 1 2 2 1 4 10 1 Store Prices 7/04/2017 9 7 5 3 9 14 8 9 10 10 7
Breed
Type
Producer
District
Agent
Weight
C/Kg
Limo X Limo X Ang/BB MG
S/V Steers Heifers Cows
AG Evans DT Lewis Narragal Magpie Hill
King Valley Moyhu Bobinawarrah Greta
CP Landmark Rodwells CP
375 470 432 595
400.0 335.2 341.2 237.2
$1,500.00 $1,575.44 $1,473.98 $1,411.34
Limo X Ang Ang Devon
S/V Steers Heifers Cows
GA & FL Jensen K Newton Batten F/T F & M Blackshaw
Lima Wangaratta Moyhu Oxley Flats
Landmark CP Rodwells CP
360 480 552 618
396.2 329.0 290.0 246.0
$1,426.32 $1,579.20 $1,600.80 $1,520.28
Limo X Limo Ang Ang X Ang Ang Limo
S/V S/V Steers Heifers Cows Cows Bull
T & D Currie S McIntyre P Rennick R & I Beattie S & M Byrne R & C Anderson T & D Currie
Moyhu Laceby Wangaratta Benalla Moyhu Byawatha Moyhu
Landmark CP CP Landmark CP Elders Landmark
335 315 365 455 703 685 905
382.2 280.0 365.2 310.0 250.0 245.2 250.0
$1,280.37 $1,197.00 $1,332.98 $1,410.50 $1,757.50 $1,679.62 $2,262.50
Ang Ang Ang Hfd/SH Ang Ang Ang Ang Ang Ang Ang
Steers Steers Steers Heifers Heifers Heifers C&C C&C C&C Cows Cows
D & K Gaudion G & C Cliff Bowmans Forest P/L Innisfail KWGM Holdings B & S Hourigan KWGM Holdings LGF Del Rae Bowmans Forest P/L KWGM Holdings
Tatong Mornington Bowmans Forest Molyullah Peechelba Byawatha Peechelba Taminick Bundalong Bowmans Forest Peechelba
Rodwells CP Rodwells Rodwells Landmark CP Landmark CP CP Rodwells Landmark
409 405 380 528 427 403
629 570
Av Price
$1,380.00 $1,375.00 $1,330.00 $1,640.00 $1,620.00 $1,370.00 $2,400.00 $2,330.00 $2,240.00 $1,790.00 $1,725.00
T/06D11863-V12
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DIY kits to power weekenders, sheds, homes, $2450 - $16,500 Phone (03) 5821 0783
WHEELER STREET
Steel, Iron & Timber cut to size New and s/hand doors and windows, steel purlins, pool fencing and vanities. ‡ 5XEEHU PDWWLQJ................................................... $65 ‡ 7UHDWHG 3LQH +DUGZRRG...................Various sizes ‡ 1HZ 5RRILQJ ,URQ.............................. %(67 35,&(6 ‡ 8VHG 'RRUV...................................... )URP HDFK ‡ ,QVXODWLRQ %DWWV ............................................ EDJ ‡ 6WHHO &KHTXHUSODWH [ ..............$75 each ‡ :HDWKHUERDUGV ......................................... S PW ‡ 3O\ 6KHHWV PP PP PP PP PP ‡ 5RRI 7LOHV ................................................$4.00 each $OVR IDUP JDWHV DYLDULHV NHQQHOV DYDLODEOH
Wangaratta Associated Stock Agents
OFF GRID SOLAR POWER
WANTED TO BUY
UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT
(1st Friday of each month)
Phone 5723 0100
FOR SALE
TIMBER & STEEL
For further information contact your local representative
Enquiries to Wayne 0402 625 751
North East Farmer, Page 19
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Downer cows - The five M’s
TUESDAY "KING VALLEY RUN"
‘Downer’ cows are very common and something that every cattle farmer will face at some point during his career. A downer cow refers to just that, an animal that for some reason is recumbent and THURSDAY does not (or cannot) get up. There are various "BEECHWORTH, MYRTLEFORD RUN" reasons a cow may go down and these can be PRE-BOOKED VETERINARY WORK categorised broadly into five main categories (the 5 M’s!)
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Musculoskeletal causes Musculoskeletal cause’s covers a wide range of problems including soft tissue injuries as well as orthopaedic problems such as breaks and fractures. Neurological problems can also be categorised under this banner and includes injuries associated with nerve damage during traumatic calving’s (also known as calving paralysis). Treatment options vary depending on the cause of the problem. Metabolic causes This category covers many of electrolyte and nutrient imbalances seen in cows in the transition
4in1 bags of fluids which contain calcium, magnesium, phosphorous and dextrose are often useful in combating metabolic causes of recumbency.
causes of downer cows and these make up the last two M’s (below). Metritis Metritis is an infection of the uterus that results in wider infection and generalised illness in the cow as a result of bacteria entering the bloodstream. Metritis most commonly occurs around the time of calving as an open cervix allows entry of bacteria into the uterus. Retained afterbirth and lack of hygiene around calving can increase the risk of metritis. Metritis can quickly be fatal so early intervention and medical treatment is often necessary. Mastitis
Mastitis is an infection of mammary tissue in the teat and udder. As with Metritis, mastitis can Septicaemia or bacteria in the blood stream can lead to systemic illness and recumbency if left lead to a downer cow. Realistically this can be infection resulting from anywhere in the body from untreated. Early detection and treatment offers the the lungs (pneumonia) to the joints. There are two best chance of recovery for mastitis. Dr. Kirri Solly-Slade DVM forms of infection that are particularly common Massive infection
k/12d12235-v41/1717
Dr. Andrew Bett Dr. Richard Evans Dr. Rena Geroe Dr. Tim Craig Dr. Sarah Cavill Dr. Kirri Solly-Slade Dr. Linda Bradbury
period around the time of calving. The most common metabolic problems are ‘milk fever’ due to calcium deficiency or ‘grass tetany’ due to magnesium deficiency. Another imbalance that can occur is a deficiency in phosphorus although this is much less common in Australasia than some of the other metabolic problems. Energy deficiency syndromes such as ketosis can also result in a down cow. Ketosis occurs when an animal’s energy requirements are greater than the energy stores available to that animal.