Green packaging & total integrated waste management system

Green Packaging : Total Integrated Waste Management

Associate Professor Dr. Phietoon Trivijitkasem Charter President /Advisory Board Chairman: Thai Bioplastics Industry Association Vice Chairman: Biotech Industry Club, The Federation of Thai Industries Fellow of “Science towards the Excellence on Bioplastics Award� by Royal Thai Senate Past Deputy Dean: Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University

3rd International Boutique Green Packaging Conference 21 November 2013 Jakarta, Indonesia

Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges

ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Working Group on Environmentally Sustainable Cities (AWGESC)

Vision ‘Towards environmentally sustainable cities in ASEAN’ ASEAN Vision 2020 “A clean and green ASEAN with fully established mechanisms for sustainable development to ensure the protection of the region’s environment, the sustainability of its natural resources, and the high quality of life of its peoples,” Urban environmental management Minimal land disposal of waste and move towards sustainable Dr.Phietoon production and consumption patterns.

Sustainability Definitions :

Fulfilling the needs of the present with compromising the needs of the future.

Capable of being continued with minimal long-term effect on the Environment.

Corporate Social Responsibly CSR

= Corporate Social Responsibility

CESR = Corporate Environmental & Social Responsibility

- Health Conscious - Environmental Conscious Dr.Phietoon

Environmental Crucial Issues

• Global Warming / Climate Change Green House Gas (GHG)

• Natural Resource Sustainability GO GREEN : 3R Reduce / Reuse / Recycle Dr.Phietoon

Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges

Degradable Plastics 1G : Starch Blend : Biodegradable X 2G : Photo

: Degradable

Thermal : Degradable 3G : Oxo-Biodegradable

X X X

4G : Compostable Bioplastics *** Dr.Phietoon

Oxo degradable Comparable price to Conventional Plastics Conventional Plastics + Additive Disintegration Biodegradable (doubtful) Landfill & Complete Sealed

THERMOPLASTICS CONVENTIONAL PLASTICS PETROBASE

BIOBASE

BIOPLASTICS PETROBASE

BIOBASE

Dr.Phietoon

BIOPLASTICS COMPOSTABLE PETRO-BASED

PBS

BIO-BASED

PLA

NONCOMPOSTABLE BIO-BASED

BIO-BASED

COMPOUND

GREEN PLASTICS

PHOTO

LDPE D

PBSA

PHA

OXO

E

HDPE

G

PBAT

PHB

BIO

R

PCL

etc.

N

E G R

D

A

A

etc.

O

D

A

etc.

N

D

B

A

L

B

E

L E

Dr.Phietoon

Bioplastics (Conceptual)

• Compostable - Biobase - Petrobase (Reluctantly) - End outcome : Compost

• Non compostable - Biobase (Only) - Green Plastics - Renewable - Conventional Equivalent - End outcome : Carbon Credit Dr.Phietoon

Compostability Aerobic Compost --> H2o + Co2 + Biomass An-aerobic Compost --> CH4 (Biogas) + Biomass

Biodegradability OVERALL TERM

TRIGGER

GEN.TERM

DEGRADATION

DISINTEGRA TION

BIODEGRA DABLE

DEGRADABLE

BACTERIA FUNGI

BIODEGRADABLE MICRO-ORGANISM

SUN LIGHT

PHOTO

O2

Compostability END ENV.

SPEC.TERM

COMPOSTABILITY

COMPOST PLANT

STANDARD CERTIFIED

COMPOST PRODUCT

DEGRADABLE

OXO DEGRADABLE

Dr.Phietoon

Novamont Profile: approach to bioplastics RENEWABLE RESOURCES

TECHNOLOGIES at LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

LIVING CHEMISTRY FOR QUALITY OF LIFE WASTE MANAGEMENT

APPLICATIONS ECONOMICALLY and ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE CONTRIBUTION to the SOLUTION of

ENVIRONMENTAL, TECHNICAL, ECONOMICAL ISSUES of DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS

Certification Systems DIN-CERTCO/ Organization European Bioplastic Location

German

BPI

BPS

AIB Vincotte

Jatelaito Syhdisty s

USA

Japan

Belgium

Finland

EN 13432

EN 13432

Logo GreenPLA

Standard

DIN V 54900 EN 13432 ASTM D 6400

ASTM D 6400

JIS K 6953 Or ISO 14855

Scope of Test

1. Biodegradation Test 2. Disintegration Test 3. Ecotoxicity Test 4. Chemical Characterization

Certified Logo for Compostable Plastic Product

Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges

Green Packaging

• Compostable Bioplastics

Compostable Bioplastics Life Cycle

Extrusion Coating Applications: • • • • •

Flexible packaging Industrial bags & sacks Wrapping Rigid packaging/folded board Foodservice: cups, plates, bowls

• medium barrier to fat and oil • WVTR: 250 g/m2·24h (23°C 50% RH)

Domestic Cling Wrap Applications & Properties: • • • • • • • •

Compostable 40% Renewable content No additives Transparent High tenacity, puncture resistance and elasticity Easy tear off WVTR and OTR similar to PVC Low gauges

Laminated Compostable Bioplastics

Dr.Phietoon

Dr.Phietoon

Blowfilm Inflation

Dr.Phietoon

Tensile strength (N/mm2)

Elongation (%)

TD

MD

TD

MD

18

20

350

170

Jog test

Dart Impact

7-10 kg

260 grams

Carrier Bags

Bags On roll

NIA Bags

Tensile strength (N/mm2)

Elongation (%)

TD

MD

TD

MD

18

20

350

170

Jog test

Dart Impact

7-10 kg

260 grams

Shopping Bags

Zipper Bags

Tensile strength (N/mm2)

Elongation (%)

Zipper Strength (kgf)

TD

MD

TD

MD

Out

IN

16

28

370

160

2.0

2.3

Bio-Drinking Straws

Compostable Bioplastics Reusable Bag

Dr.Phietoon

Non Compostable Bioplastics

• Green Plastics (Bioplastics) • Biobased plastics

Conventional plastics++

Green Plastics Conventional Plastics Equivalence Non Compostable Carbon Credit Provider (ca. 2.5 Ton/Ton of Resin) LDPE / HDPE / LLDPE PP PET Dr.Phietoon

Bio-based Plastics • Bio-based plastics

Conventional plastics ++ ++ : Starch , Biomass etc.

Bio-based Plastics

• Compostable • Non Compostable

Bio-based Plastics (Bio-Materials > 25%)

< 75%

> 25%

< 75% of Bio- Materials : Compostable Bioplastic (None biobased) ie. PBAT, PBS Conventional Plastics • > 25% of Bio-Materials : • Non-compostable Bioplastic (Green Plastics) • Compostable Plastics (Biobased) ie. PLA or PBS (in near future) • Corn Starch, Tapioca etc.

• Plant Fiber • Cellulose

Bio-based Plastic Product

PET Sustainable Packaging : Renew and Recycle Green plastics + Conventional plastics (30%)

(70%) Dr.Phietoon

Two Steps Toward 100% PlantBottle 30% from bio-MEG – Now Commercial Oil

Paraxylene (PX)

(TA) 70% PET

Sugarcane

Ethanol

Ethylene

Recycle

(MEG) 30%

Injection and Blow Molding

30% Bio-Based 30% PlantBottle

70% from bio-TA – R&D Programs Bio-mass

Precursor

Recycle

(TA) 70% PET

Bio-mass

Precursor

(MEG) 30%

Injection and Blow Molding

100% Bio-Based 100% PlantBottle

“Material Carbon” footprint of plant-based PET (Cont.)

Equivalence calculations : • driving 3 million passenger vehicles each year • consuming ca. 2 billion gallons of gasoline each year • consuming 40 million barrels of oil each year • using electricity in 2.4 million homes each year

Dr.Phietoon

Bio-Mass Products

• Compostable • Non Compostable

Green Reverse Logistics

Direct : products maker (Manufacturers) Indirect : municipal / third parties

Dr.Phietoon

â&#x20AC;&#x153;ALL WIN MODELâ&#x20AC;?

Total Integrated Waste Management

Decrease Global Warming Natural Resource Sustainability

Dr.Phietoon

Integration Management of Plastics Waste six major players :

The Bioplastics Resin Industry

Government

End Users (Supermarket etc.)

Municipal (The third parties )

Consumers (House wife)

Recycle plants

Dr.Phietoon

The Bioplastics Resin Industry

Fully promoted by the government with taxation benefit.

Gain â&#x20AC;&#x153;Adderâ&#x20AC;? duplicating the same concept as giving to renewable energy plants as both are serving eco friendly issues.

Bioplastics Resin price can be reduced comparable to conventional plastics and will be marketable.

End Users (Supermarket etc.)

Allow to reduce tax by deducting the factor of 2-3 from the buying expenses for compostable bioplastics products as CSR project for society.

Able to save cost from the give away bag expenses substantially as housewife will bring their own reusable bag.

Give special discount for ones who bring their own reusable bag for shopping.

Consumers (House wife)

Have to join domestic waste separation program strickly.

As a token, will be given free garbage and reusable shopping bags as following types and quantities each month. â&#x20AC;˘ 3 big garbage bags â&#x20AC;˘ eg. : one yellow bag for plastics waste one blue bag for paper waste one hazy bag for bottle / can waste (municipal will come to pickup every 3-4 weeks.)

Consumers (House wife) (Cont.) â&#x20AC;˘ 6 green compostable bioplastic bags for organic / food waste . (municipal will come to pickup every week) â&#x20AC;˘ 2 shopping bags ie.compostable bioplastics and conventional. (After reusing both shopping bags till they are worn out then can be used as a garbage bag for specific organic and dry waste respectively) As a token, housewife will get discount when they bring along their own reusable bag for shopping.

Municipal (The third parties ) Gain more clean conventional plastics waste and get higher value from recycle plant.

Gain better organic waste in compostable bioplastic bags then all together can be compostable into good fertile soil or organic fertilizer with higher value.

After gaining certain record their may give open bidding for concession to recycle plants that they can collect the recycle wastes direct from each house by themself.

After giving concession, then just only organic waste will be collected and administration & logistics cost can be saved substantially.

Reducing substantial solid waste from incineratior that can provide good environment to the atmosphere and reduce cost of public health substantially as well.

Recycle plants

Gain good quality and clean recycle wastes to reach more productivity and convenience.

May get the concession of direct collecting the recycle wastes ie. conventional plastics, paper, glass bottles and cans from every house in a certain concessive territory.

Government

Strongly campaign for domestic waste separation seriously.

Give new regulation for TV and radio to provide at least one minute in every hour on air of broadcasting with video clip or radio spot for CSR programs.

CSR program will cover good information & knowledge for the public in nation wide basis with following content e.g.: • Education on social responsibility.

• Domestic waste separation program.

• Convention plastic with safety & maximization usage.

Government (Cont.)

• Bioplasts both compostable & noncompostable with safety & maximization usage.

• Going green : 3R & renewable.

• Global warming & climate change.

• Natural resource sustainability.

• Democracy with proper & safety application.

• Election with higher ethic, duty & responsibility.

• Long term saving.

• Insurance in proper usage.

• Etc…..

Must be Integrated Government : - Public campaign on TV/ Radio - Adder for resin manufacture.

- Allow double/triple expense tax reduction.

- Reduce Chemical fertilizer substantial import amount (USDL 3B).

- Save public health substantial budget (air pollution).

Manufacture: marketable with resonable price.

Must be Integrated (Cont.)

User : -Buy products with double/triple expense tax reduction.

- Give discount for customer carrying own bag.

- Save cost of give away bags (5 B pcs)

Consumer : - Get free bags for waste separation and shopping.

- Get discount when shopping with their own bag.

Municipal : - Reduce incineratior (global warming).

- Provide bags for waste separation in every house.

Must be Integrated (Cont.)

-

Collect organic waste in compostable bioplastics bags to compost plant.

- Sale

organic fertilizer/fertile soil from compost.

-

Get concession fee substantially from recycle plant.

-

Save logistics cost on recycle waste collection.

Recycle Plant : -Pay concession fee for collecting recycle waste direct from every house.

-Gain better quality recycle waste with higher productivity and price .

Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges

Thailandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Challenge Opportunity

Sufficiency Economy Green Economy / Low Carbon Economy Regional Bioplastics Production Hub - Compostable Bioplastics - Green Packaging Dr.Phietoon

Compostable Bioplastics Polylactidacid (PLA) 3-step process Enzyme

Glucose Tapioca Starch (Cassava root)

Fermentation

Lactic Acid

Catalyst

PLA

Polybutylenesuccinate (PBS) 3-step process Enzyme Tapioca Starch (Cassava root)

Catalyst

Fermentation

Glucose

Succinic Acid

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAs) 2-step process Enzyme

Tapioca Starch (Cassava root)

Glucose

Bacteria

PHAs

PBS

CASSAVA ROOT

Dr.Phietoon

World Cassava & Tapioca

Cassava Production 2010

Tapioca Export 2006 - 2010 Source : FAOSTAT

Thank you for your attention A better tomorrow

starts today.

Safety and legality can not negotiate

drphietoon@gmail.com