Issuu

into the solitude |an intimate space for one|

P h u o n g

L u o n g

into the solitude |an intimate space for one|

Phuong Luong

Contents

00 01

thesis abtract acknowledgment

vii ix

Introduction line of inquiry critical position thesis statement

Research + Analysis case studies site selection concepts

4 6 6

13 24 31

02 03

Design Development program site info master planning plan evolution initial design presentation + write up

Design Development |continue| design solution final design the narrative: Into the Solitude presentation final thought

list of figures bibliography

87 89

39 41 45 48 49 53

58 67 73 81 85

This book was printed and bound by Clearstory Press Font used: Futura PT

A thesis presented to the Undergraduate Faculty of NewSchool of Architecture & Design In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Architecture June 21, 2019

Approved by:

Leonard Zegarski

Date

RaĂşl DĂaz

Date

Undergraduate chair

Thesis Instructor

viii

Into the solitude |an intimate space for one|

t h e s i s a b s t ra c t Since the start of early humans civilization, our society has been obsessed with building public spaces with the hope that it will increase social interaction between people. However, I have wondered if what we need is not a public space for the group but a space just for an individual. Society has not taken the time to not having the time to acquire values of substance for each other (Walden, 1997). Perhaps we need solitude, to take a breath, think and reflect. This thesis is a study of a public individual space in order to define what is an individual intimate space that allows one to think.

acknowledgment First, I would like to express my special thanks and gratitude to my thesis instructor, RaĂşl DĂaz, who gave me the opportunity and guidance to do this thesis and an internship program at his office. Thank you for giving me references and advices which was really helpful for my thesis topic. Thank you for letting us present at your office which enable us to have comments from different points of views. Thank you for believing in me. Secondly, I would like to thank my parents, Lam Luong and Hoa Nguyen for providing me the opportunity to learn what I love. Thank you for not losing patience in me. Without you, I would have not acchieved the knowlege and skill that I have today as well as being the person I am today. Thirdly, I would like to thank my best friend, Thao Nguyen who supports me from far away; my studio friends like Angelica Becerra, Eric Chyou and Cassandra Cheatman,... who I consult to for various matters; and my Alpha Rho Chi brothers for always there to see my presentations. Last but not least, thank you Erik Fong Vang for always believing in me, cooked me delicious food when I did not have time to eat. Thank you all for your encouragement, motivation and company on my journey to pursue my passion for architecture.

xii

Fo r A r c h i t e c t u r e

xiii

Chapter

Introduction

“Cogito, ergo sum”

—Rene Descartes

living simply means being able to think so are we living properly?

line of inquiry For the longest time, architecture has always been about spaces for socialization. The idea of Raphael’s School of Athens is about scholars sharing knowledge and dicussing about different subjects. Buildings were built with the intention to maximize human interaction. However, are those spaces being used correctly and to their fullest capacity? To Henry David Thoreau, “Society is commonly too cheap. We meet at very short intervals, not having had time to acquire any new value for each other (Walden 1997.)” He spent two years in a cabin he built for himself to experience solitary living. According to Thoreau, as our lives become more complex, we crave for simplicity and communion with the nature which help us find truth and spiriturally.

|0.0| Frigidarium at Pompeii (Peck, 1984) The public baths was the center of the Romans social life.Going to the baths was a part of their daily routine. Men and woman came to the baths to both clean themselves and meet their friends. But there is moment when the Romans would like to be alone in the social centre. Also, in the present day, people tend to take baths individually.

solitude A state of being alone Alone but not lonely Chosen and not situated. Alone. Alone in the darkness, vastness of space Alone, to think, to dream, to solve problem Alone in the solitude Which is not easy to find but it is a neccesity not many have realized. â€” by author

critical position It is human nature to need an intimate space for oneself. Like the turtle needs it’s shell to protect it from danger, a person needs a ‘shell’ to dwell, to feel big compared to the massive world out there (Bachelard, 2014). In Thoreau’s case, he went to the wilderness and built his own cabin and he found that the most companionable company is solitude, and his time there became the model of deliberate and ethical living. If thinking is living, the question is are we truly living? Because of the nature of the urban setting and it’s social spaces, rich but chaotic, insane, disconnected and over exposed, people find it hard to have a space to themselves for truly ‘living.’

thesis statement This thesis is going to investigate the architectural elements that are and have been used to design a space that is sane, peaceful, connected and sacred to the users gathered. Maybe spaces that are designed to accommodate ‘many’ users are not able to provide these qualities but a space that is designed specifically for one person, can. Through thoughtful design process, a space that enable users to think, reflect, daydream, study and retreat is produced.

|0.1| Palomar Observatory by author “In this enormous space, the astronomer was there, It’s just himself, and the universe”

— Raúl Díaz

w hy s o l i t u d e ? There is a lack of intimate space for one person. As humans, we have been living in group, in a society. Since a baby, we have always been surrounded by other people. The city is built for socializing but as often as we feel, people passing each other on the streets and hurrying back to their places. They can only find absolute solitude in the wild or in their own room. Henry David Thoreau sought solitude in nature which he believes would help find the truth and spirituality (Walden, 1997.) Buddha was deeply absorbed in meditation under the Bodhi tree and finally achieved Enlightenment after reflecting his life experience (BBC, 2002.) Many more seek solitude to have freedom to breath easier, to think in greater depth and create greater things and contribute them to society. Of course, intimacy can be determined by different values and solitude is a challenge that is worth to take on. The thought of creating solitary in an urban setting is exciting. When professor RaĂşl DĂaz commented on the experience of the astronomer and his work place, the Palomar Observatory, it just felt so accurate. As simple as it is, but powerful. Imagining oneself as the astronomer in that space, looking through the scope, as if he is floating in the dark universe, oberserving and studying the stars.

|0.2| A church in Toledo, Spain by auhor “Architecture presents the drama of construction silenced into matter, space, and light. Ultimately, architecture is the art of petrified silence...The silence of architecture is a responsive, remembering silence. A powerful architectural experence silences all external noise; it focuses our attention on our very existence, and as with all art, it makes us aware of our fundamental solitude.” —Juhani Pallasmaa (The Eyes of the Skin, 2012)

Chapter

Research + Analysis

With the intention to design a space that allows one to think, it is important to look at the spaces designed for scholars in private and public.

case studies

C a b i n i n Wa l d e n - H e n r y D a v i d Th o re a u Henry David Thoreau wanted to simplify his life by living in the woods. “I have, as it were, my own sun and moon and stars, and a little world to my self.” The cabin was built strictly enough for one person as a place to write. The interior of the cabin included a fireplace, a table, a desk, a bed and three chairs, “one for solitude, two for friendship, three for society.” Location: Walden Pond, Concord, Massachusetts, United States Materials: wood, bricks

|1.0| Proximity study - Walden by author

|1.1|

A study of the relationship between the interior components of the cabin by author

|1.2| Henry David Thoreauâ€™s Cabin in Walden by author

B r u d e r K l a u s C h a p e l - P e t e r Zu m t h o r The interior space, that was formed by using surrounded burnt trunks, give a sacred feeling, true to the definition of a chapel. In term of scale, this case study is completely opposite from the previous case studies. However the transition from a small (the entrance) to a large space (praying area) give a feeling similar to when one enters an intimate space, like a childâ€™s secret hideout, despite the coldness and roughness of concrete. This transition of scale also gives the similar sense as one enters the church.

Location: Mechernich, Eifel, Germany Materials: tree trunks, reinforced concrete

|1.3|Proximity study - Bruder Klaus Chapel by author

|1.4| A study of the chapel through sections by author

|1.5|1.6|

Bruder Klaus Field Chapel through the lens of Aldo Amoreti (ArchDaily)

A l c o v e b e d - Th o m a s J e f f e rs o n Everyoneâ€™s intimate space is different. To Henry David Thoreau, an intimate space is a cabin in the woods (Fig. 1.0), where he finds solitude. On the other hand, Thomas Jefferson has a chamber which included a study, a library, and a double ceiling space for bedroom. But his personal bed forms an alcove within.

Location: Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States Materials: bricks, stucco

|1.7| Proximity study Monticello villa by author

|1.8|1.9|Components Relationship Diagram of the bed and its contexts by author

|1.10|1.11| Plan and section study

of Thomas Jeffersonâ€™s personal space in his villa at Monticello by author

S t u d y c a r re l a t E x e t e r L i b ra r y - L o u i s Ka h n Exeter Library was designed to fulfill the needs of multi-purposes place. One of these is a quiet retreat for study and self reflection. And the intimate space to serve this purpose is the study carrel. They are placed along the windows in a shape of a house. The student can control her/his “house” environment with the “humansize windows” at hand. From the main entrance to the “houses,” there are two layers of barriers. The first one is the separation of programs by floors. Wheareas the bookshelves act as the second barrier. Location: New Hampshire, United States Materials: wood

|1.12| Proximity study - Exeter Library by author

|1.13 |

Locations of the study carrels on plan and section by author

6”

5’-0”

2’-

|1.14|1.15| A close-up at the study carrel by author

conclusion thoughts

“The darkness and shadows of the Finnish peasant’ s house create a sense of intimacy and silence; light turns into a precious gift..” —Juhani Pallasmaa (The Eyes of the Skin, 2012)

Nature barrier Nature is one of the common characteristics of the chosen case studies. Maybe nature needs to be incorporated in the design in order for the users to disconnect themselves from the technology and feel their existence among nature. The challenge is with the scarcity in the urban setting, how do we, as designers provide that to the users. However, with the status quo, can isolation derived from individualism and technology replace the scarce nature in the urban setting? Scale Similarly, to nature barrier, the small intimate components, for example the study carrels in Exeter Library and Thomas Jeffersonâ€™s alcove bed, are within a bigger context. Is it necessary to be placed in a bigger, communal context in order to feel intimate? Control The study carrels are intimate because, apart from being intended for single user, they have the little windows under bigger ones that the user can control the amount of lighting and exposure while using the space. Light and Shadow The eyes inform distance and separation while touch gives the sense of closeness and intimacy. While light represent enlightenment and knowledge, â€œdeep shadows and darkness are essential, because the dim the sharpness of vision, make depth and distance ambiguous, and invite unconscious peripheral vision and tactile fantasy.â€? It is a great tool in creating intimate space that allows daydream and imagination (In Praise of Shadow, 1977). In the case of Palomar Observatory, darkness gives the astronomer the the solitude to study the stars.

From the research on case studies and the need of the space, the site can be a challenge in an urban setting or in the secluded place.

site selection

m in s 5

urban BOYLE HEIGHTS high density unsafe > 30 mins

> 45 mins

university

ins

TORREY PINES nature university suburban safe low density

SD 25

LA _ Boyle Heights Boyle Heights is in a high density area that is not safe to wander around. From Boyle Heights to the closest â€˜natureâ€™ approximately takes up to 45 minutes. This is the area with a lot low income apartments and universities nearby. It is an ideal place to challenge the idea of creating a solitude sanctuary in a chaotic urban environment. SD_ La Jolla Farms Located by the Salk Institude, the site is not exactly in an chaotic urban setting but in the middle of a reserved nature by the UCSD. Although the site is not as busy as the above, a lot of scholars in the immediate surroundings. The challenge of the site is that it is right next to the Salk Institute. It is intriguing to create solitude next to something so well-known.

|1.17|1.18|

A close-up at the study carrel by

author

|1.16| Locations of the study carrels on plan and section by author

commercial residential industrial university green

|1.19|1.20| Contexts by author

|1.21|1.22| Density by author

|1.23|1.24| Zoning by author

LA _ Boyle Heights (left) and SD_ La Jolla Farms (right) Based on the comparison analysis, the site will be La Jolla Farms. The location is not exactly chaotic like Boyle Heights but it is next to a famous architecture masterpiece. The challenge to work with nature and man-made , as well as making a dialogue with the famous Salk Institute deepen the meaning of the project. It is a great opportunity to study from the master architectect and use it in this project.

|1.25|1.26| Access by author

|1.27| a,b Study of landform at

the site charcoal on paper by author

|1.28| a-e

Site by author

concepts Different opinions on the three concepts interested me. They all have potential. Ralph Roesling, a juror, said the next step would be putting them in context and masterplan the whole site. Alicia Lafferty said that the concept 2 reminds her of the MIT Chapel.

|1.29| a-d Concept 1 by author

concept 1 This concept explores the idea of figure /ground, positive / negative. As the site is situated on a slope, the loggia wraps around the central intimate space with translucent material notifys the user if someone is coming so they can exit without being seen like a recluse.

|1.30| a-c Concept 2 by author

concept 2 Distance and realization Protected and direct The inside of the outside. Overhang to create shadow for intimacy.

|1.31| a,b,c Concept 3 by author

concept 3 This concept explores the hiearchy of intimacy level, in case of individuals through the intensity of porosity. Individuals came together through main entrance and got isolated again by the forest of columns and going to their own little space.

Chapter

Design Development

t h e n a r ra t i v e

I couldnâ€™t concentrate, The noise, the room and the objects were somewhat tiring. I needed to get out of this usual scene. Packed up my notes, I rushed down the sloped path Hidden by the bushes and trees Breath of relief, I arrived Slow down on the steps, I stopped at the ruin wall One look at the Salk Turned to the fountain and wash my face Freshed and motivated I went inside

|2.0| The path - sketch by author

Spatial qualities comparison

solitude

insane

sane

chaos.

peaceful

disconnected

connected.

exposed

protected

social |2.1| Spatial qualities diagram illustrated by author

THINK

REFLECT RETREAT SOCIETY

SOLITUDE

STUDY

DAYDREAM

p ro g ra m d i a g ra m s Max Size (Sq. Ft. ) Occupancy type

Foyer Information Restroom Wet area The Path Thinking room Garden Total

p Programs ro g ra m sAdjacency a d j a c e n Diagram c y d i a g ra m Immediate Moderate distance Far

|2.2| a-c Program

75 100 30 30 250 400 885

A (Group A) A B A A-3 A

Foyer Information Restroom Wet area The Path Dry room (shadow play) Garden

Programs

Foyer Information Restroom Wet area The Path Thinking room Garden

diagrams illustrated by author

Gliderport

Blackâ€™s Beach

site La Jolla Trails

|2.3| Site analysis illustrated by author

Salk Institute

UCSD

Residential

30â€™ max building height

|2.4| Site parcel

building code illustrated by author

50â€™ for landscape

Use: Scientific Research Acreage: 7.16 acres Land use and development intensity: 500,000 sf Zone: Overlay zone permit type A (CP102)

Scientific research zone can have research labs, supporting facilities, headquarters, admistration offices, and personal accomodations

p a rc e l i n f o r m a t i o n

Use: City owned undeveloped state park Acreage: 1,100 Land use and development intensity: Zone: Open Space (active)

Open space can serve a wide range of functions in a community including the preservation of natural resources, the managed production of resources, outdoor recreation, protection of public health and safety, historic and cultural preservation, the control of urban form or design, and scenic or aesthetic enjoyment.

parti

|2.5| Parti diagram by author

|2.6| a-f Parti studies illustrated by author

a- Access to padestrians walkway

b- Negative to positve space

d- Interlocking structure with hillside contours e- Sense of scale and place

c- Transition from public to intimate space

f- Park-like

master planning

|2.7| a,b Masterplan sketches by author The master planning started off with studying the topography and existing trails at the site. The idea of an intimate space that is unreacheable by non-related users places the building at a hidden spot from the Salk Institute and main road.

|2.8| Concept sketch by author

0’

128’

256’

|2.9|

Masterplan by

author

|2.10|

3DForm generated from floor plan sketches by author

512’

|2.11| a Plan study

by author

top to bottom

|2.11|

b Plan study by author c Axon study by author d Plan to section study by author

plan evolution

|2.11| e Plan study by author

initial design

|2.12| Processed roof plan

0’

32’

64’

|2.13 |

Processed floor plan

0’

8’

16’

32’

|2.14|

Walking down the stairs

|2.15|

Entering the moon patio

|2.16|

The moon shines through the openning

|2.14| - |2.17| Architectural renderings going through the space

|2.17|

Before entering the space

|2.18|2.19| Section and perspective

drawings

|2.20| Perspective of generic form

|2.21| Presentation

t h e p re s e n t a t i o n

|2.22| Presentation

Jurors Comments Julio Mendes ( 4th year instructor) :“It is poetic, maybe the path to the entrance is continous and the wall emerging from the ground” Tom Mulica (another thesis instructor) :“I like the fact that the light went through the shaft but not landing on the seating, from reading the plan.” Raúl Díaz (thesis instructor) :”The arches are somewhat lacking..” Reflection Overall, there are some positive feedbacks. The three jurors agreed that there are different possibilites that are worth trying, consider the site, the style, the materiality and the size of the project. The section did not work as well asintended. Perhaps a more infor mative section of just the room itself. To begin planning the programs, a narrative was writtem for this thesis as a guide. It would have been better if the representations of the space follows the order of the narrative, like a story book. There are some comments about the architectural languange that was adapted. As a whole, the arches and the shape of the building are not well connected. It is the time to study how Louis Kahn did the arches, the material. Another solution would be developing a second level of decorative language so it match the arches.

For the longest time, architecture has always been about spaces for socialization. The idea of Raphael’s School of Athens is about scholars sharing knowledge and discussing about different subjects. Buildings were built with the intention to maximize human interaction. However, are those spaces being used correctly and to its full capacity?

ATo Henry David Thoreau, “Society is commonly too cheap. We meet at very short intervals, not having had W1997). He spent two years in a cabin he built for himself to experience solitary living. According to Thoreau, as our lives become more complex, we crave for simplicity and communion with the nature which help us in finding the truth and spirituality. It is human’s nature to need an intimate space for themselves. Like the turtle needs it shell to protect him from danger, a person needs his ‘shell’ to dwell, to feel big compare to the massive world out there (Bachelard, 2014). In Thoreau’s case, he went to the wilderness and built his own cabin and he found that the most companionable company is solitude, and his time there became the model of deliberate and ethical living.

Intimate Space for One PHUONG LUONG

If thinking is living, the question is are we truly living? Because of the nature of the urban setting and these social spaces, rich but chaotic, insane, disconnected and over exposed, people find it hard to have a space to themselves for truly ‘living.’ This thesis is going to investigate the architectural elements that are and have been used to design a space that is sane, peaceful, connected and sacred to the users gathered from case studies. Maybe spaces that are designed to accommodate ‘many’ users are not able to provide these qualities but a space that is designed specifically for one person to use at a time can. Through thoughtful design process, a space that enable users to think, reflect, daydream, study and retreat is produced.

Gliderport

Black’s Beach

Salk Institute

La Jolla Trails

UCSD

Residential

THINK

REFLECT RETREAT SOCIETY

SOLITUDE

STUDY

Programs

DAYDREAM

Max Size (Sq. Ft. ) Occupancy type

Foyer Information Restroom Wet area The Path Thinking room Garden Total

75 100 30 30 250 400 885

A (Group A) A B A A-3 A Transition from public to intimate space

Immediate Moderate distance Far Foyer Information Restroom Wet area The Path Thinking room Garden

Park-like characteristic

Negative to positive space

Foyer Information Restroom Wet area The Path Dry room (shadow play) Garden

Access to padestrians walkway

Programs Adjacency Diagram

Folding edges to create shadow

Sense of place

Smooth transitions in form, height, scale betweeen adjacent buildings

Interlocking structures with hillside contours

0’

4’

8’

|2.23| AR502 Presentation board

Chapter

Design Development |continue|

Although the jurors had positive feedback at the AR502 presentation, one of the questions that gave me allot of thoughts was: if all the spaces need to have the same dimensions? Maybe the servant space of the building can be more hidden and smaller to show a strong hierarchy on the drawings. Thus, pushing the reconfiguration of the plan.

design solution

|3.0|3.1| Study of placement of planes and sources of light

|3.2| a Plan generation

|3.2| b,c

Plan generation

|3.3| Plan and form generation |3.4| Set of rules

Top to bottom, left to right

|3.5| Site Plan |3.6|3.7| Shadow Axon study

|3.8| Floor plan configuration

0’

|3.9|Plan

16’

8’

4’

|3.10|Site Section

0’

4’

8’

16’

For midterm, the studio presented at RNT Architects. The overall comments was that even though they love the project, the representations have not yet show the intimate feeling that these drawings need to portray.

|3.11|3.12|3.13|3.14|Model at 1/8 scale version1

|3.15|Form configuration sketch

|3.16|Roof form configuration

|3.17|Openings configuration

|3.18|Interior Rib Structure

0’

8’

16’

32’

final design

|3.19|Floor Plan

|3.21|3.22|3.23| Left to right 10 am 2pm 6pm

|3.20|Section A

0’

4’

8’

16’ A

B A

0’

4’

8’

16’ A

B A

t h e n a r ra t i v e : I n t o t h e S o l i t u d e

The scientist rushes through the path hidden by the trees and bushes |3.26|3.27|Exterior Renderings

Breath of relief, he is here, now. Calmly descending the stairs with the Kimbell inspired handrail

By the fountain, he is freshened! One good look at Salk

|3.28|Exterior Rendering

The scientist enters the space |3.29|Interior Rendering

|3.30|Interior Rendering

â€œMaybe I will use the study later,â€? he thoutht to himself

|3.31|Interior Rendering

Ah, looks like no one is here.

|3.32|Interior Rendering

This is the solitude! |3.33|Interior Rendering

|3.34| AR503 Presentation board

t h e p re s e n t a t i o n

Comments The overall comments were good, there are some parts that could have done better. One comment that really stood out was that, perhaps the study could have done in a more clever way. The structure that was intended to make some kind of partition for the study room can be deeper so aside from being able to have two rows of books that display the back of the book, it is big enough to have a alcove study which add extra intensity to the project. Ergonomics-wise, the interior needs to be figured out better. Perhaps the desk is round so the user can sit at different spots during the time they stay there. Another good comment was, maybe the restroom was pushed a little bit further to the back so the user can flow continuously through the space while being deep in thoughts.

0’

160’

320’

640’

|3.41|3.42|Model at 1/4 scale version

final thought Reflection I really do agree about the opinion on ergonomics aspect of the project, considering that it is an intimate space. I regret that I have overlooked this important factor even though the case studies were really focused on that. It could have given more depth to this thesis.

|3.43|Model at 1/8 scale

l i s t o f f i g u re s |0.0| Frigidarium at Pompeii (Peck, 1984)

Ch.00

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/image?img=1999.04.0062.fig00191&redirect=true

|0.1| Palomar Observatory by author |0.2| A church in Toledo, Spain by auhor

C h . 01

|1.0| Proximity study - Walden by author |1.1| A study of the relationship between the interior components of the cabin by author |1.2| Henry David Thoreauâ€™s Cabin in Walden by author |1.3|Proximity study - Bruder Klaus Chapel by author |1.4| A study of the chapel through sections by author |1.5|1.6| Bruder Klaus Field Chapel through the lens of Aldo Amoreti (ArchDaily) |1.7| Proximity study - Monticello villa by author |1.8|1.9|Components Relationship Diagram of the bed and its contexts by author |1.10|1.11| Plan and section study of Thomas Jeffersonâ€™s personal space in his villa at Monticello by author |1.12| Proximity study - Exeter Library by author |1.13 | Locations of the study carrels on plan and section by author |1.14|1.15| A close-up at the study carrel by author |1.16| Locations of the study carrels on plan and section by author |1.17|1.18| A close-up at the study carrel by author |1.19|1.20| Contexts by author |1.21|1.22| Density by author |1.23|1.24| Zoning by author |1.25|1.26| Access by author |1.27| a,b Study of landform at the site - charcoal on paper by author |1.28| a-e Site by author |1.29| a-d Concept 1 by author |1.30| a-c Concept 2 by author |1.31| a,b Concept 3 by author |2.0| The path - sketch by author |2.1| Spatial qualities diagram illustrated by author |2.2| a-c Program diagrams illustrated by author |2.3| Site analysis illustrated by author |2.4| Site parcel building code illustrated by author |2.5| Parti diagram by author

Ch.02

|2.6| a-f Parti studies illustrated by author |2.7| a,b Masterplan sketches by author |2.8| Concept sketch by author |2.9| Masterplan by author |2.10| 3DForm generated from floor plan sketches by author |2.11| a Plan study by author |2.11| b Plan study by author |2.11| c Axon study by author |2.11| d Plan to section study by autho |2.11| e Plan study by author |2.12| Processed roof plan |2.13| Processed floor plan |2.14| - |2.17| Architectural renderings going through the space |2.18|2.19| Section and perspective drawings |2.20| Perspective of generic form |2.21| 2.22|Presentation |2.23| AR502 Presentation board |3.0|3.1| Study of placement of planes and sources of light |3.2| a Plan generation |3.2| b,c Plan generation |3.3| Plan and form generation |3.4| Set of rules |3.5| Site Plan |3.6|3.7| Shadow Axon study |3.8| Floor plan configuration |3.9|Plan |3.10|Site Section |3.11|3.12|3.13|3.14|Model at 1/8 scale version1 |3.15|Form configuration sketch |3.16|Roof form configuration |3.17|Openings configuration |3.18|Interior Rib Structure |3.19|Floor Plan |3.20|Section A |3.21| 10 am |3.22| 2pm |3.23| 6pm |3.24|Exploded Axonometric |3.25| Secrion B |3.26|3.27|Exterior Rendering |3.28|Exterior Rendering |3.29|3.30|3.31|3.32|3.33|Interior Rendering |3.34| AR503 Presentation board |3.35| Site Plan |3.36|3.37|3.38|3.39|3.40|Final Model at 1/8 scale |3.41|3.42|Model at 1/4 scale version |3.43| Model at 1/8 scale

Ch.03

b i b l i o g ra p hy

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