Bactiquant brochure Oil and Gas

Oil and Gas

Analyse for total bacteria in Oil and Gas operations ETV TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION · US-EPA · 2012

– total bacteria in minutes US-EPA VERIFIED TECHNOLOGY FOR ROBUST ANALYSIS Assessment of total bacteria in water and hydrophobic samples Get timely results even under rugged conditions Respond quickly and maintain control

EASY SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS The analysis is based on a highly sensitive fluorescence technology

Enzyme substrate

Fluorophore

The fluorescence signal is directly proportional to the content of bacteria The BactiQuant®-water is a patented technology in use worldwide

Bacteria

BQW-value indicate level of bacterial load in water samples Mesure BQW

Equivalent CFU /ml

10

10-100

100

100 -1000

1000

1000-10000

10000

10000 –100000+

The CFU equivalent is based on total bacterial counts using R2A agar, 35°C, 48 hours.

Bacteria in Oil And Water is our Expertise

Timely and robust results in Oil and Gas Operations BactiQuant water is a rapid technology for near real time monitoring of water for bacterial contamination, both aerobic and anaerobic. Fast, on-site results provide the ability to characterize biocide effectiveness, evaluate the biostability of the water, and monitor the microbiology that may cause

corrosion, souring or fouling. Results can be obtained in as little as 10 minutes with a sensitivity < 100 cfu/ml. The technology is applicable across a broad range of water types and sources and the analysis is not compromised by the presence of chemicals, tannins, algae, clays or other materials.

Applicability in Oil and Gas Operations Water types

Applications

• Produced and flowback water

• Biocide verification/monitoring

• Formation water

• Bacterial contamination

• Recycled water

• Biostability

• Sea water

• Hydrophobic liquids

Comparing technologies The table shows a comparison of different technologies and methods for quantifying bacterial numbers in Oil and Gas operations.

Analysis time

Hands on time and required skills Validation

Reproducibility Standard deviation

Interference from disinfectants

Repeatability

Test

Technology

Sensitivity

Specificity to bacteria Quantitative

BactiQuant

Fluorescence

High

High

Yes

10 -30 min

Low

US-EPA 1 – 7% Verification (2012)

No

3–7%

Standard culture method

Culture on Low agar plates (0.1-5%) (high nutrient or low nutrient)

High

Yes

Long > 48 hours ( 2-7 days)

High

DS/EN ISO

Highly variable

Yes

Medium

API method API AP38

Serial dilution vials

Medium

High

Presence/ absence

14-28 days

Medium

API method

Highly variable

Yes

Low

Quick – 18 minutes bacteria test strips

Dip strips

Low (0.1-5%)

High

No (presenceabsence)

Short <30 min

Very Low

No

Highly variable

Yes

Low

ATP

Luminescence

High

Low

Yes

5

Low

No

5 - 100%

Yes

25 – 80 %

Know and Control Water Microbiology Oil and Gas industry consumes billions of gallons of water in drilling, hydraulic fracturing and developing wells. The quality of the water is critical to the efficiency of the production, the quality of the production and the preservation of the well. A substantial cost in the management of this water is for biocides used to eliminate the bacterial load. Bacteria, both aerobic and anaerobic, are significant risk factors in production.

Bacterial contamination can cause corrosion of the equipment and the well casing, it can deteriorate additives that are necessary in the production process and can sour a well before production even has a chance to begin.

Monitoring the bacterial contamination is an essential part of the development and production of the well to ensure the best production outcome.

Introduction

Introduction Methodology

Metho

M. Miller* and G. Zupin**

Microbial Waterutility quality in by water utilities d.o.o. and the industry is largely based part The water utili * and Mycometer, Science oersholm, Denmark water is testing operated Komunala and is located in the western Microbial Water quality testing in water utilities the industryD isTU largely based Park, HThe on traditional culture methods grab sampling.

If deviations arehours detected a and 7 of The on-line The on-line system was and configured to run a sample every 12 at 7 am (E-­‐mail: mmiller@mycometer.com; zofupin@microbium.si) on traditional culture methods and grab sampling.

If deviations are detected a pm. The measu new sample is measurement taken 1-3 days later stretched and actionfrom is taken. are often thContaminations th of pm.

The period the 4 of November to the 15 new sample is taken 1-3 days later and action is taken. Contaminations are often ** Microbium, Ljublanja, Slovenia December, 201 not detected before the Bactiquant water has on-line reached the consumers or has been December, 2017.

The analysis result is reported as a Bactiquant not detected before the water has reached the consumers or has been water value (B incorporated in industrial study a value new rapid on-line bacteria water value (BQWv).processes.

The BQWvInisthis a surrogate for total bacterial presence or incorporated in industrial processes. In this study a new rapid on-line bacteria Total Viable C sensorTotal was Viable evaluated in an operational environment in a Slovenian Utility.

Count (TVC).

The on-line system makes use of a Water statistical process sensor was evaluated in an operational environment in a Slovenian Water Utility. control (SPC) The results showed a clear causality betweenis heavy rainfalls anddata concomitant control (SPC) algorithm.

This algorithm applied to historic in a CCP (ISO The results showed a clear causality between heavy rainfalls and concomitant 11462-1:2001/ water11462-1:2001/-2:2010). quality issues in a ground water reservoir.

The system will results allow into the The SPC allows a translation of analysis water quality issues in a ground water reservoir. The system will allow the operational de BactiQuant offer an online solution, which operator to predict water quality issues related to precipitation events as well as a can be commissioning in a matter of hours. operational decisions. Baselines for normal are established at each CCP and operator to predict water quality issues related to precipitation events as well as a operational thr tool to monitor and verify the effect of operational actions to counter sudden The water utility is operated by Komunala d.o.o. and is located in the western part operational threshold values are derived from the SPC algorithm in each control Microbial Waterand quality testing in water utilities and the industry is largely based tool topromptly monitor verify the effect of operational actions to counter sudden quantifies the content of bacteria microbial The online system can analyze and report point. water quality issues. of The on-line system was configured to run a sample every 12 hours at 7 am and 7 point. on traditional microbial water culture quality methods issues. and grab sampling. If deviations are detected a th of th of in water systems.

BactiQuant online can the results up to 12 times per day (24 hours). pm.

The measurement period stretched from the 4 November to the 15 new sample is taken 1-3 days later and action is taken. Contaminations are often December, 2017. Thecombination Bactiquant on-line analysis result is reportedand as a Bactiquant not detected before the water at has critical reached thecontrol consumers points or has been be implemented The unique of handheld water value (BQWv). The BQWv is a surrogate value for total bacterial presence or incorporated in industrial processes. In this study a new rapid on-line bacteria water system inUtility. online provides an unprecedented Total Viabletechnology Count (TVC). The on-line system makes use of a statistical process sensorthroughout was evaluated in anthe operational environment in a network Slovenian Water control (SPC) algorithm. This algorithm is applied to historic data in a CCP (ISO The results showed a clear causality between heavy rainfalls and concomitant industries, water utilities and aquaculture comprehensive capability to react and follow 11462-1:2001/-2:2010). The SPC allows a translation of analysis results into water quality issues in a ground water reservoir. The system will allow the The data in fig 1400 The in figure 1 shows transient periods baseline production facilities.

Theto precipitation online system is as a operational decisions.

Baselines fordeviations normal of arestable established each CCPrange and updataon water quality in aat BQW-values, wide 1400 operator to predict water quality issues related events as well superseded by 1200 superseded by short periods of significant increases in BQW-values.

The data operational threshold values are derived from the SPC algorithm in each control tool 1200 to monitor integrated and verify the effect of operational actions to counter sudden also shows a c easily in any water system and of water types.

1000 also shows a clear coincidence of heavy precipitation events (lower graph) and point. microbial water quality issues.

1000 increased BQW increased BQW-values (upper graph). There were two precipitation events 800 showing more 800 showing more than 65 mm of rain/day and one prolonged event that took place 600 over several da 600 over several days, with 40 to 50+ mm of rain / day, showing a concomitant 400 dramatic incre 400 dramatic increase in BQW-value. Three rain incidents with 20 – 40 mm of rain did not result i 200 did not result in significant changes in BQW-value. The data indicate that the 200 precipitation im 0 precipitation impact on water quality depends on the amount of precipitation 0 and/or the dura The data figure 1ofshows transient periods of stable baseline BQW-values, and/or the in duration precipitation.

0,3 70 1400 0,3 70 superseded by short periods of significant increases in BQW-values.

The data 60 chlor rain 1200 0,25 Chlorine deter 60 chlor rain 0,25 also shows a clear coincidence of heavy precipitation events (lower graph) and Chlorine determinations coincided with two of the precipitation events in start 50 1000 November and 0,2 50 increased BQW-values (upper graph). were two precipitation events November and end of December (lowerThere graph).

In both cases the increased 0,2 40 precipitation a 800 40 precipitation andthan BQW-values followed byprolonged a drop in chlorine showing more 65 mm of were rain/day and one event that took place 0,15 0,15 concentration 30 600 over several days, with 40 to 50+ mmchange of rainin/ day, concentration corroborating a sudden watershowing quality.a concomitant 30 0,1 0,1 400 dramatic increase in BQW-value. Three rain incidents with 20 – 40 mm of20rain 20 The data also i 0,05 did data not result in significant changes in BQW-value. data indicate The also indicate that the contaminations due to The heavy rainfall canthat be 10the 0,05 200 10 flushed out of precipitation impact on water quality depends on the amount of precipitation flushed out of the system within a 12 hour period.

0 0 00 0 and/or the duration of precipitation.

0,3 70 Date Date Figure 1 : 60 chlor rain Chlorine determinations coincided with two of the precipitation events in start Figure 10,25 : 50 November and end of December (lower graph). In both cases the increased 0,2 40 Theof on-line system was evaluated awere Slovenian water The precipitation and BQW-values followed by utility. a dropwater in chlorine Data from a Slovenian utility showing coincident episodes heavy rainfall eventsin and concomitant The on-line system was evaluated in a Slovenian water utility. The 0,15 water source in the utility is ground water, which is influenced by concentration corroborating a sudden change in water quality.

30 quality issues a rawwater, water reservoir monitored

by BactiQuant online. water source in the utility in is ground which is influenced by The operationa 0,1 surface water.

The operational value of the on-line system is manifold; the data allows the 20 surface water. water utility to water utility to predict the risk of bacterial contamination related to rainfall The data also indicate that the contaminations due to heavy rainfall can be 0,05 10 events.

The location becausewithin the water suspected that heavy events. flushedwas outchosen of the system a 12utility hour period.

The location was chosen because the water utility suspected that heavy 0 0 rainfall events resulted in surface water infiltrations that overloaded the rainfall events resulted in surface water infiltrations that overloaded the The events can sediment capacity resulting in transport bacterial The filtration events can be closely monitored and theofeffect of operational actions can sediment filtration capacity resulting in transport Date of bacterial be verified in n contaminants andinorganic residues through the sediment into the chlorination, be verified near-real time.

These actions include adjusting Figure 1 : ADVANTAGES: contaminants and organic residues through the sediment into the increasing flus ground water. flushing or even turning off the water source until baseline values increasing ground water. have been re-e have been re-established.

The on-line system was evaluated in a Slovenian water utility. The Implementation of an on-line system would allow a monitoring water source in the utility is ground which influenced by Implementation of an on-line systemwater, would allow is a monitoring Eliminates labor intensive sampling and analysis -operational easy to install frequency could reveal clear to be established The that valueaof the causality on-line system is manifold;between the data allows the surface water. frequency that could reveal a clear causality to be established between heavy rain events and concomitant quality issues. waterfall utility to predict the risk ofwater bacterial contamination related to rainfall and move around heavy rain fall events and concomitant water quality issues. events.

The location was chosen because the water utility suspected that heavy Online bacterial monitoring/ minute based 24/7 results. analysis rainfall events resulted in surface water infiltrations that overloaded the The events can be closely monitored and the effect of operational actions can sediment filtration capacity resulting inwithin transport of bacterial of the analysis. results reported minutes be verified in near-real time. These actions include adjusting chlorination, contaminants and organic residues through the sediment into the flushing or even turning off the water source until baseline values High accuracy. Larger sample sizes with bacteriaincreasing concentrated ground water. have been re-established.

Results & Discussion

BQW-value

BQW-value

Results & Discussion

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Conclu

Conclusions

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Chlorine mg/l

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Chlorine mg/l BQW-value

mm rain / day Chlorine mg/l

Results & Discussion

mm rain / day

Introduction

- Revolutionizing microbial monitoring Methodology

Conclusions

through filtration minimizing the risk of false positives.

Implementation of an on-line system would allow a monitoring frequency Early that couldwarning reveal a clear system. causality to beResults established accessible between heavy rain fall events and concomitant water quality issues.

from all platforms. Sets off an alarm if the result is deviating from normal.

The unique combination of handheld and online technology will provide an unprecedented comprehensive capability to react with maximum flexibility in a pollution event.

BactiQuant online also detects bacteria associated with particles and bacteria that are difficult to culture on plates

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Tel. +45 39 16 10 72 info@bactiquant.com

www.bactiquant.com