Pelangi Primary Education Smart Plus Social Studies P4 TextBook samplebook

ISBN 978-616-541-344-2 First Published 2021

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission of Pelangi Publishing (Thailand) Co., Ltd.

Sasithorn Onlao

Main Features A-Z

States the learning objectives of the chapter.

Provides practical activities to enhance students’ knowledge and skill.

Defines important terms appearing in the chapter.

Presents extra information relevant to the concept being learnt.

Consists of questions that promote thinking skills.

Provides exercises to test students’ comprehension of the concepts learnt.

Evaluates students’ understanding of the entire chapter.

Consists of various exercises covering this unit.

Special Features CHAPTER

Stimulates fun learning through role play activities which encourage students to understand relevant content they have learnt in the class and enjoy their performances.

Serves as an activity that teaches students to share things with others, learn to be generous and make contributions to community, society and the country.

CHAPTER 2

Raises social awareness of compliance with law and rules among students for living in peace.

Serves as an activity enabling students to learn sharing with others and volunteer spirit in order to live happily in the society.

Stimulates students’ confidence and boosts the speaking skills in public through the activity of being a news reporter.

CHAPTER 3 ฿ Presents a weekly budget planner that helps students know their expenses every day, enabling them to plan their spending carefully and understand the importance of saving money.

Allows students to practise how to plan and invest their money, run a business, and stimulate creativity, together with cost and profit estimation.

Stimulates students’ creativity and assertiveness through product review, as well as capability in analysing strengths and weaknesses of the products.

CHAPTER 4

Develops students’ creativity in presentation through the organisation of exhibition, together with disseminating information of what they have searched to others.

Encourages students to understand the historical methodology through the investigation of historical evidence and know how to work as a team.

Enables students to investigate, collect, analyse, and summarise data for better understanding, as well as boosting skills in presentation.

CHAPTER 5

Encourages students to learn how to draw a plan and read a map to enhance their comprehension of location and direction.

Develops students’ skills in observation and understanding of location, direction and symbols on a map.

Boosts students’ confidence through the fun activity of weather report by integrating what they have learnt in the class with the weather information they have searched.

Contents CHAPTER

Religion, Morality and Ethics

Unit 1 Religious Rites

1 2

Important Religious Rites

3

Unit 2 Religious Day and Moral Principle

7

Buddhist Day

Moral Principle

8 9

Unit 3 The Story of the Buddha’s Previous Lives

12

Role Play

15

The Tale of the Monkey and the Weaver Bird

Voluntary Spirit Test CHAPTER 2

Civics, Culture and Living in a Community

Unit 1 Being a Good Citizen

13

16

18

20 21

Conducting Ourselves as Good Citizens

Conducting Ourselves as Good Leaders

and Good Followers

27

Teamwork

32

Peaceful Coexistence

33

Rule of Thumb Volunteer for All Young Reporters

22

38 39

39

Unit 2 Children’s Rights

40

Right to Live

Right to Be Protected

42

Right to Be Developed

43

Right to Participate

44

Rule of Thumb Volunteer for All

41

49 50

Young Reporters

50

Unit 3 Democracy

Democracy

51

Sovereignty

53

Election

57

The Institution of Monarchy

62

Rule of Thumb Volunteer for All

52

67 68

Young Reporters

68

Unit 4 Local Culture

69

Types of Culture

Cultural Differences

Rule of Thumb Young Reporters Volunteer for All

70 72

81 81

82

Test

84

CHAPTER 3 Economics

87

Unit 1 Goods and Services

88

Consumption

89

Factors Affecting Demand for Goods

and Services

92

Product Quality Certification

94

Basic Consumer Rights

98

Unit 2 Money

104

Meaning of Money

105

Types of Money

105

Basic Functions of Money

108

Currency

109

Foreign Exchange Rate

110

Unit 3 Sufficiency Economy

114

Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy

Application of the Philosophy of Sufficiency

Economy in Daily Life

119

Economic Activities

122

Economic Relationships Within the Community

126

Track My Spending Market Fair Young YouTubers Test

CHAPTER 4 History Unit 1 Time and Events

Time Period

Classification of Historical Periods

Unit 2 Development of Mankind in Thailand

Types of Sources

Development of Mankind in Thailand

Unit 3 Sukhothai Period

115

129

130 131

133

136 137

138 139

143

144 145

149

Establishment of the Sukhothai Kingdom

Development of the Sukhothai Kingdom

150

Important Persons of the Sukhothai Era

154

Little Historians Little Gallery Little Guide Test

150

158 159 159 161

CHAPTER 5 Geography

163

Unit 1 Our Province

164

Maps and Photographs

165

Physical Characteristics

172

Natural Resources

175

Using Maps and Photographs for the Study of Geography

Let’s Take a Tour Finding Hidden Treasure

177

184 185

Weather Reporters

186

Unit 2 The Environment

187

The Physical Environment and Its Effects on Human Life

188

Changes to Natural Environment

190

Impacts of Changes to Natural Environment

191

Conservation of Natural Environment

194

Let’s Take a Tour Finding Hidden Treasure Weather Reporters Test

202 203

204 206

CHAPTER

1

1

Religion, Morality and Ethics

What are s the advantage of practising a religion?

UNIT

1

1

Re igious Rites

Can you give some examples of religious rites of your own religion?

A-Z

1. Conduct themselves correctly in religious rites and ceremonies and on important religious days as prescribed.

2. Explain the importance of Buddhism or that of students’ own religions as the spiritual focal point for believers.

3. Have the manner of good believers as prescribed.

2

CHAPTER 11

Religion, Morality and Ethics

1. Custom (N.) a way of doing something that has been established for a long time 2. Scripture (N.) the sacred writings of a particular religion 3. Faith (N.) complete confidence or trust in something or someone

Religious rites are an important part of a religion. They are not only a way for believers to express their faith, but also a way to maintain and support

the religion. Therefore, learning about religious rites is necessary for a good believer.

Important Religious Rites Religious rites are customs and tradition performed by people who believe

in a religion in order to show their faith. Below are some examples of religious rites.

Buddhism Requesting for the Five Precepts and Requesting for the Dhamma (การอาราธนาศีลห้าและการอาราธนาธรรม) are the rites that Buddhists ask monks to teach the precepts and give a sermon by praying in Pali.

Wien Tien (การเวียนเทียน) is walking around an important place in a temple for three times, with flowers, a lighted

candle and incense sticks in hands. The purpose of the rite is to commemorate and appreciate the Triple Gem (พระรัตนตรัย).

A set of Buddhist altar tables

Most of the time, when there is a Buddhist rite, it is necessary to arrange a set of altar tables.

Its purpose is to worship the Triple Gem which includes the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha. The first thing a host is required to do before the rite begins is lighting candles and incense sticks to pay respect to the Triple Gem.

UNIT 11

Religious Rites

3

Christianity Baptism (ศีลจุ่ม / ศีลล้างบาป) is a rite where a priest pours water on a person’s head or completely immerses them in water to purify their soul and welcome them to Christianity. The ceremony is usually performed when a Christian is a child.

Holy Communion (ศีลมหาสนิท) is the ceremony where Christians eat bread

and drink wine together. Bread and wine

represent Christ’s body and blood. Its purpose is to become one with Christ.

Islam Namaz (การละหมาด) is praying to Allah. Muslims perform this rite five times a day in a calm and peaceful

manner while facing the direction of Mecca, the birthplace of Prophet Muhammad.

Zakat (การซะกาต) is giving your properties to charity and aiding

the poor according to the rules in Islamic scripture.

4

CHAPTER 11

Religion, Morality and Ethics

Each religion has its own scripture and symbol.

Religion

Scripture

Symbol

Buddhism

Tipitaka

The Dhamma Wheel

Christianity

Bible

The cross

Islam

Quran

The crescent and the star

Answer the following questions.

1. What is the meaning of religious rites?

2. How is baptism performed?

3. What is namaz?

4. What is the purpose of Wien Tien?

5. In your opinion, what is the importance of Buddhism to the Thai people?

UNIT 11

Religious Rites

5

Divide yourselves into groups of 4 to 5 people

and choose one of these religions for each group:

Buddhism

Christianity

Islam

Then, gather information about the manner of good believers for the religion you choose, and present it to your friends.

Let’s practise mindfulness and meditation by following these steps: (The teacher needs to find a bell or something that has a similar sound. A recorded bell sound can be used too.)

1. Close your eyes and take a deep breath.

2. Pay attention to the bell sound your teacher makes. (The teacher keeps making the sound for two minutes.)

3. Observe the sound. Is it loud? Is it constant? Do you hear it equally in both ears? Is it pleasure to the ears?

4. Keep closing your eyes and concentrating on the sound. If your mind wanders somewhere else, pull it back to the sound.

5. Open your eyes when the sound is completely gone.

6

CHAPTER 11

Religion, Morality and Ethics

UNIT

2

Re igious Day and Mora Princip e

Do you conduct yourself according to the moral principles of your religion in daily life?

A-Z

1. Observe the moral principles of students’ own religions for harmonious coexistence as a nation.

2. Pay respect to the Triple Gem, observe the principles of the Threefold Learning and the Three Admonitions of the Buddha in Buddhism, or the moral principles of students’ own religions as prescribed.

3. Appreciate and pray for the spreading of loving-kindness; have mindfulness as the basis for concentration in Buddhism or spiritual development in accordance with the guidelines of students’ own religions as prescribed.

1. Ordain (V.) to make someone a priest 2. Sermon (N.) a talk on a religious or moral subject 3. Doctrine (N.) a set of morals or beliefs that is taught and accepted by a particular group 4. Defilement (N.) the act of making something or someone less beautiful or pure

UNIT 2

Religious Day and Moral Principle

7

Religious days are days where important events in a religion take place.

On religious days, religious believers participate in religious rites and observe their moral principles.

Buddhist Day Makha Bucha Day (วันมาฆบูชา) Importance There are four important events that took place on Makha Bucha Day. • It was a full moon night.

• 1,250 monks gathered in one place without prior appointment.

• Those monks were all Arahants.

• Those monks were all ordained by the Buddha himself.

The Three Admonitions which are the core principles of Buddhism were

taught on this day. They consist of avoiding all evil, doing all good and purifying the mind.

An Arahant is a monk of the highest rank in Buddhism who has a calm mind and no defilement.

When is it and what do people do on the day?

Makha Bucha Day falls on the full

moon day of the third Thai lunar month.

Some examples of Buddhist activities

on this day are offering food to monks, listening to sermons and Wien Tien.

8

CHAPTER 11

Religion, Morality and Ethics

Offering food to monks

Moral Principle The moral principles we focus on are the four sublime states of mind

(พรหมวิหาร 4).

Four sublime states of mind Four sublime states of mind are the moral principles of the ideal way to behave towards other beings. They consist of:

Loving-kindness (เมตตา)

is a wish for others to be happy.

Compassion (กรุณา)

is a wish for others to end suffering.

Sympathetic joy (มุทิตา)

is the delight when seeing others happy.

Equanimity (อุเบกขา)

is the ability to accept others as they are with no inclination towards anyone.

UNIT 2

Religious Day and Moral Principle

9

Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

Loving-kindness Arahants

Four sublime states of mind

Sympathetic joy

1,250

Third

1. Makha Bucha day falls on the full moon day of the ________________ Thai lunar month.

2. ______________________ is a wish for others to be happy.

3. On Makha Bucha day, _______________ monks gathered in one place without prior appointment.

4. ____________________________ are the moral principles of the ideal way to behave towards other beings.

5. All of the monks gathering on Makha Bucha Day were ____________ .

6. The delight when seeing others happy is called __________________ .

Divide yourselves into groups of 3 to 4

people and choose one of the following moral principles. Collect information about it and present it to your friends in class.

• Four principles of Buddhist faith (ศรัทธา 4) • Three qualities of the Buddha (พุทธคุณ 3)

• The Three Admonitions (โอวาท 3)

• The Threefold Learning (ไตรสิกขา) • Three evil conduct (ทุจริต 3)

• Three good conduct (สุจริต 3)

10

CHAPTER 11

Religion, Morality and Ethics