PEI-CHI TSAI Portfolio ver. Nov 2023

Pei-Chi Tsai 2017-2024 Spatial Design.Urban Sustainability.City Science

SPATIAL DESIGN

URBAN SUSTAINABILITY

COMPUTER SCIENCE

I am Pei-Chi Tsai, a passionate spatial designer with expertise in urban sustainable research, data analysis, and computer science. My design projects have garnered over 40 prestigious global awards since 2018. With a track record of being a compelling presenter in various competitions, I excel in both organization and the art of persuading audiences.

During my master’s study, I focus on researching the impact of climate on urban design. This experience inspired my enthusiasm for pursuing the coexistence

Chinese

English

German

Native

C1 Level

A1 Level

3D Modelling Revit Rhino Grasshopper

between city development and living environment.

EDUCATION 2017 - 2021 Bachlor Degree

2021 - 2023 Master Degree

Dept. of Architecture,

Building and Climate Labrotory,

Natl. Taiwan Tech

Department of Architecture National Cheng Kung University

AutoCAD SketchUp Geographic Info Systems QGIS Arc GIS Program & Games Python

Renders Stable Diffusion Lumion

February-June, 2023

Exchange Programme

Research Oppurtunity Program

Environmental Control Design

Dept. of Architecture,

Media Lab - City Science Lab

University of Westminster

TU Braunschweig

MIT x Taipei Tech

EXPERIENCE Interior Project Designer (Full-time)

Architecture Designer (PT by case)

Jie-Kang Interior Design

TTF Architecture Studio

Interior Design & Renovation

Computer Aided Design

(Part-time employed since 2018)

(Part-time employed since 2019)

Past Experience:

Artlantis

Research Assistant (Part-time, 2021-2023)

KeyShot

BCLab, NCKU

Graphics Illustrator Photoshop InDesign PowerDirector Paperworks Word PowerPoint

Tableau

Winter Semester, 2019-2020

Summer School

Current Position:

Unity C#

Excel

June-July, 2019

Urban Heat Island & Ventilation Research

Designer (Part-time, 2021 (6months) ) CLUSTER & Associates Architecture Design

Intern (Full-time, 2019 (2months) ) Chewbiz Interior Design Interior & Graphic Design, Renovation

Freelance Design & Tutor (Since 2017) Design: Interior, 3D Modelling, Renders, Graphics Tutor: High School Chinese, 3D Modelling, Archi Knowledge

CERTIFICATE

2018 Autodesk Certified Professional: Revit Architecture contact: a230129520a@gmail.com

HONOURS OF DESIGN 2023

ASIA Young Designer Award - Designer of the Year Cathay Life Real Estate Business Case Analysis Contest - Gold

2022

BLT Built Design Award - Winner C-IDEA Design Award- New Star Award

2021

Inspireli Award - Finalist UNI.xyz New York Affordable Housing Challenge - Shortlisted Bee Breeders Skyhive Skyscraper Challange - Shortlisted

2020

Red Dot Design Award - Design Concept Winner iF Design Talent Award - Winner International Design Excellence Awards - final round (judging) A' Design Award - Iron Architecture MasterPrize - Best of Best

2019

International Design Awards (IDA) - Gold / Silver Volume Zero Competitions: House of Santa - Silver Biomimicry Global Design Challenge - Award of Merit Golden Pin Concept Design Award - Preliminary Selected New Taipei Architect Association Student Competition - Honorable Mention HOLA Decor House Award - Honorable Mention

2018

Biomimicry Global Design Challenge - Award of Merit CSCEC Straits Cup Tectonic Structure Challenge - Merit / Model Excellence Taiwan Institute of Steel Construction Bridge Challenge - Silver

EXHIBITIONS 2023

Revitalize Cities with Greenery - Future City @ Common Wealth (Online Media) Position as invited writer of editorial article. Media run by Common Wealth Magazine.

AYDA Award Finalists Exhibition - Landmark81, Vietnam

Position as exhibitor as “Designer of the Year”. Exhibition held by Nippon Paint International.

2022

Young Artists Empowerment Project - National Tainan Living Art Center, Taiwan Position as exhibitor. Exhibition held by National Tainan Living Art Center.

C-IDEA Design Award Finalists Exhibition - Kerry Packer Civic Gallery, Australia Position as finalists exhibitor. Exhibition held by C-IDEA.

2021

Taiwan Tech Thesis Design Online Exhibition - Online Website

Position as curator and project manager. Exhibition held by Dept. of Architecture, Taiwan Tech.

Environment Design Competition Finalists - Song Shan Cultural Park, Taiwan

Position as finalists exhibitor. Exhibition held by Environmental Protection Administration R.O.C.(Taiwan)

2020

Design for Taiwan Exhibition - Song Shan Cultural Park, Taiwan Position as exhibitor. Exhibition held by Flytech Foundation.

A+Cultural Heritage Creative Festival - Cultural Heritage Park, Taiwan Position as finalists exhibitor. Exhibition held by Ministry of Culture R.O.C.(Taiwan).

Annual Urban Design Show - TUBraunschweig, Germany

Position as exhibitor. Exhibition held by Dept. of Architecture, TUBraunschweig.

OTHER HONOURS CATEGORY 2022

2021

NAME OF AWARDS

DATA ANALYSIS

Talent for Smart City Governance Competition (Tainan City Government) - Silver

COMPUTER SCIENCE

AIoT(Ai and IoT) Innovation Challenge - Gold

RESEARCH

Architectural Research Conference - Award of Outstanding Research Publication

RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS Master’s Degree Thesis 1. Tsai, P. C. (2023) Construction and Application of Wind Corridor System based on Sustainable Development of Urban Ventilation Environment(基於都市風環境永續發展之風廊系統構建與應用) Master Thesis. National Cheng Kung University.

Conference Papers 1. Hsieh, H. P., Lee, T. C., Lai, S. Y., Tsai, P. C., Hsieh, T. H. (2023) Enhancing Urban Crowd Management through Predictive Modeling System with Diverse Geospatial Datasets. In 34th Australasian Conference on Information Systems 2. Tsai, P. C., Kuo, J. K., Huang, C. H., Chen, J. Y., Hsieh, T. S., Shen, Y. T., Chen, N. N. (2023) The Development of Mixed Reality Application Based on Gesture Recognition: A Study of Spatial Interaction and Perception Enhancement (基於

手勢辨識發展混合實境應用：場域互動與感知提升之研究) In International Design Conference on Intergrated Interdisciplinary Innovation (跨域創新設計整合國際研討會), Yunlin City, Taiwan.

3. Tsai, P. C., Ou, H. Y., Chang, C. T., Lin, T. P. (2022) Constructing Wind Corridor System as a Mitigation Strategy for the Urban Heat Island Effect in Taichung City. In EMS Annual Meeting 2022 4. Tsai, P. C., Ou, H. Y., Chang, C. T., Lin, T. P. (2022) Constructing Wind Corridor System as a Mitigation Strategy for the Urban Heat Island Effect in Taichung City (臺中都市熱島效應緩解策略之風廊系統的指認與建構) In 34th Architectural Research Conference of Architectural Institute of Taiwan (臺灣建築學會第34屆建築研究成果發表會) 5. Wei, Y. Y., Tsai, P. C., Ou, H. Y., Chang, C. T., Lin, T. P. (2022) Verification of Urban Heat Island Mitigation Ventilation Strategies through CFD Simulation - A Case Study of 14th Redevelopment Zone in Taichung City. (透過CFD模擬驗證都市熱 島緩解通風策略-以臺中市十四期為例) In 46th National Conference on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (中華民

國力學學會第四十六屆全國力學會議), Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.

Publications

1. Lin, T. P., Tsai, P. C., Ou, H. Y., Chang, C.T. (2023) Identification and application of wind corridor system as a heat island effect mitigation strategy (熱島效應緩解策略之風廊系統的指認與應用)In The Magazine of the Chinese Lnstitute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering (中國土木水利工程學會會刊), 50(1), 24-29.

PERSONAL WEBSITE

CONTACT a230129520a@gmail.com +886-953-964-550 Linkedin(url id): pei-chi-tsai Instagram: peggy.tsai_ Facebook(url id): a230129520a WeChat: peichitsai0911 website: https://a230129520a.wixsite.com/my-site

Urban

research

01. 02.

s pat i a l d e s i g n

03. 04. 05. 06. conceptual

......

practical

d i g i ta l i n t e r a c t i v e d e s i g n

07. 08. 09.

01. Urban Wind Corridor: My study at BCLab

03 - 12

02. Crowd Prediction: Machine Learning and Urban Research

13 - 20

03. Looking Forward to Daily Life - Conceptual Landscape Design

21 - 30

04. Reforest Union - Conceptual Skyhive of Complex Culture

31 - 38

05. Track to Beauty - Interior Design (Complete)

39 - 42

06. GreenGallery - Architecture Design (Complete)

43 - 46

07. CityScope: AR Data Visualization App Development

47 - 50

08. Smart Hygiene Management System: Ai & IoT Application

51 - 54

09. Feathers Biology - Biomimicry Interactive Installation

55 - 58

PORT

FOLIO Awarded projects are listed in this page. Due to the limitation of pages, I had chosen a selection of designs and projects that represent myself in this portfolio. The projects that are not covered here are fully displayed in my personal website. To take a closer look at these projects, please scan the QR code to my online gallery.

From the next page are those worthiest projects that show my expertise and features of creativity.

Scan to the site >

03 U r b a N r e s e a r c h . . . S P AT I A L D E S I G N . . . D I G I TA L I N T E R A C T I V E D E S I G N . . .

During my master’s study, I was a member of the Buildings and Climate Laboratory (BCLab), NCKU. Since 2021, I have participated in the heat island research program of the Taichung City Government, which is aimed at heat mitigation strategies.

To reduce the heat accumulated in the city, my research is to identify the wind corridors, which govern the urban heat flow, by

utilizing

data

from

High-Density

Street-Level Air Temperature Observation Network (HiSAN).

01.

2021-2023

05 URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT The problem of urban heat island (UHI) effects has become more and more serious in many cites around the world. The intensity of UHI is based on the temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperature reigions in a city over the same period. Take London as an example, the temperature difference between the urban and suburban areas has dramatically increased from 2.1°C to 8.6°C since the 1820s, which indicates the rapid deterioration of UHI intensity.

As for Taiwan, my hometown, the UHI intensity in many cities is now generally over 2.5°C in summer, which is higher than our end-of-century temperature predictions and imaginations. At 2 pm on 29 August 2021, for example, the highest temperature in Taichung was 34.6°C in Dali District, while the lowest temperature in the plain was 30.8°C in Dajia District, with a UHI intensity of about 3.8°C. On the other hand, the Taiwan ReAnalysis Downscaling data shows that the maximum average temperature in Taichung at 2 pm in July was 33.8°C in Dali, compared to 30.3°C in Taichung Metropolitan Park in the suburbs of Shalu, demonstrating a difference of 3.5°C in UHI intensity.

Temp. (°C)

UHI Intensity

14:00, 27TH, JULY, 2021. AT TAICHUNG CITY Taichung Metropolitan Park

Beitun District Xitun District

Taichung Park

Nantun District South District Wu River

Dali District

Water Greens Temp.(°C)

PERMEABLE AREA

VENTILATION

THERMAL RADIATION

ARTIFICIAL HEAT

PAST Less Developed

At low levels of development, there are sufficient permeable areas, good ventilation, low surface heat storage, and no artificial heat. The UHI effect is not significant so does not need to be addressed.

NOW Highly Developed

In the modern city, smaller permeable areas, denser buildings, more heat retention in man-made materials and more artificial heat emissions have all led to the worsening of the UHI effect.

FUTURE Strategy Implemented

The UHI effect can be mitigated by fixing the causes mentioned above, such as increasing greens and water areas, planning wind corridors, using low heat retention materials, and promoting carbon reduction. In my research, my goal is to identify the wind corridors, which govern the urban heat flow, by analysing big data, such as High-Density Street-Level Air Temperature Observation Network (HiSAN).

To implement these strategies, I planned a selection process to choose the key demonstration areas:

Start Study Domain (e.g. Taichung City) Bad Thermal Comfort now?

Suspended Implementation

Yes

No

No Implementation Needed

Potential for Warming or affecting the Surrounding Area?

Suspended Implementation

No

Yes No

Future Development Plan?

Yes

No

Developed?

Developed?

Yes

Yes

No

Future Development Plan?

Yes

Type I High Temp. Zone

Type II High Temp. Zone

Type III Warming Zone

Type IV Warming Zone

Immediate Implementation

Immediate Implementation

Will Need Implementation

Worth Implementation

No

07 WIND CORRIDORS In this research, the wind corridors had been distinguished into two types: natural and urban wind corridors.

A natural wind corridor is a specific wind flow from low to high temperatures, driven by temperature gradient and pressure gradient, and shaped by topography. It is also subject to primary circulation (global wind systems), secondary circulation (air masses, fronts...), and local circulation (sea-land breezes...).

When the natural wind corridor enters the city and flows through areas of low wind resistance, the wind paths are called "urban wind corridors" if they are connected continuously. Areas of the city with higher wind resistance (e.g. buildings, artificial embankments, etc.) wou;d block the natural wind and flow into areas with less wind resistance (e.g. green spaces, water areas, squares, driveways, etc.) and would be adjusted according to the natural wind corridor or prevailing winds in the area.

A full-scale urban wind corridors are divided into Primary and Secondary Wind Corridors according to their ventilation capacities. If the scale of the study is zoomed into a local area, the corridor is defined as a Local Wind Corridor, also called a Type III Corridor.

NATURAL WIND CORRIDOR Based on wind speed and direction data from the the National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction (NCDR)

URBAN WIND CORRIDOR Based on natural wind corridors and urban textures (roughness, greens,

Full-Scale

hydrology...) *The height depends on the Urban Canopy Layer (UCL),

Urban Primary Wind Corridor (Type I)

which is generally the average height of urban buildings.

Zoom in

Urban Secondary Wind Corridor (Type II)

local Local Wind Corridor (Type III)

The natural wind corridor in summer throughout Taichung has the following characteristics: 1. Daan River Valley Wind Corridor: A Y-shaped wind corridor from the Daan River and the Dajia River upstreams, meet and merge at middlestreams, blowing between the land to the sea.

2. Coastal / Terrace / Basin Wind Corridors: Wind corridors flows from Sorth to Nouth at night.

3. Wu River Valley Wind Corridor: A wind corridor blowing from sea to the land in the daytime.

NATURAL WIND CORRIDOR IN TAICHUNG CITY

Daan River Valley Wind Corridor

Coastal / Terrace / Basin Wind Corridors

Nighttime Wind Corridor Daytime Wind Corridor

Wu River Valley Wind Corridor

ROUGHNESS LENGTH If we assume that the wind comes from the same direction in a city, the wind from different starting points on the same cross-section would flow through different densities of obstructions.

Based on the total path length it goes and the remaining wind speed, a smoother route is more likely to be considered as an urban wind corridor.

The roughness length (RL) measures the degree of undulation above ground level within an

1. The site

area, and the ability of slowing down the wind flowing through. We use this parameter to determine urban wind corridors. To compare the differences between areas, we subdivide the urban area into grids of 500 square metre, and calculated the RL of each grid individually.

The formula used to determine the roughness length of the wind corridor for this project is:

2. Convert to RL

0.25

×

Σ Each Unit (Area of Buildings × Height of Buildings)

Buildings Coefficients

Unit size (500m² for this project)

3. Wind passes through lower areas

If the wind is likened to runners, roughness is like the hurdles. A lower RL value allows the wind to pass easily.

Study Domain

We have therefore defined the urban wind corridor configuration: 1. The prevailing summer winds in the area are defined based on long-term wind speed and direction information.

2. Map the building area and height parameters in the geographic information system (GIS). The blank spaces are roads or open spaces, such as plaza, parks...

3. Calculate the RL value. The greater the roughness, the darker the visualisation, the less likely the wind would pass through.

4. Finally, assume that the wind prefer to pass through the path of less resistance. By least cost path (LCP) theory, the potential wind corridor paths can be plotted from south to north.

Greens Water Wind Corridor

RL (m)

09 IDENTIFYING THE FULL-SCALE URBAN WIND CORRIDOR This is an example of the identification process of urban wind corridors in Taichung City.

1. Wind in summer at night (mainly from the South) is used as the reference wind direction for the urban wind corridor in this case.

2. The cooling effect of urban wind corridor mainly affects the dense areas. We have therefore defined the study domain as 20 x 20 square kilometres of Taichung City center, a dense built environment.

3. Assume the low RL length (<1 m) facilitated the wind passage, and that the urban wind corridors deflect in advance when encountering large areas of high roughness (>2 m, in this case) built-up areas.

4. The angle of the wind deflection should not exceed 30° (according to a Japanese research of wind corridors).

Original Direction

deflection allowed

deflection not allowed

deflection not allowed

RL (metre)

Dadu Plateau

Orig

inal

Direc

deflection allowed

tion

deflection allowed

Wind Corridor TYPE I

Original Direction

TYPE II

deflection allowed

de

fle

ct

io

n

ta no

llo

we

d

STUDY DOMIAN ( 40 GRIDS )

Range of Operation

STUDY DOMAIN ( 40 GRIDS ) To define the Primary and Secondary Wind Corridor, we calculate the number of high-RL-value grids that each route passes through. If a wind corridor flows alone the rougher route, then it become weaker.

According to the ratio of high RL(>1m) grids*, it is classified as follows: Type II Wind Corridor: 35%~50% Type I Wind Corridor:<35% The explicited formula is given by:

*P (%)= N / T

P : Ratio.

N : The number of high RL grids the wind passes through.

T : The number of grids in the North South direction* of the study domain (40 in this case). *The direction is case dependant.

11 IDENTIFYING THE LOCAL URBAN WIND CORRIDORS

Wind Corridor (Type III)

Flow speed (m/s)

Roughness Length (metre)

Type III Wind Corridors are used to reduce the scale of study to a smaller block for the more specific implementation of the heat mitigation strategy. At this scale, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were allowed to used to simulate the impact and variability of different cooling strategies on the environment, using the microclimate measurements as input parameters, which enable us to confirm the effectiveness of the cooling strategy.

Our first step, identifying the local urban wind corridors, is the same as doing the full-scale ones.

The reference grid size was based on the studying domain. We found that refining the side lengths of the grid in the domain of interest (e.g. 20 m² , see the upper left figure) and generalising the outer area (100 x 100 m², see the upper left figure) led to very efficient judgement information.

In the result of the CFD simulations, we eliminated the areas where the wind speed was too low, then identified the unobstructed paths with a width greater than 10m as wind corridors. The CFD simulations were then manipulated with the aim of verifying the above steps. It can of course be used as an accreditation method for wind corridors, but we have confirmed that it is more costly.

Comparison of 2 Methods for Identifying Wind Corridors (Roughness Length Grids LCP and CFD Simulations)

Properties

RL Grid LCP

Identification Methods CFD Simulations

Reference Height (Cutting Plane)

A range, according to RL value

A fixed values

Input Information

Site plan with height information (shp file), Wind direction

Site models in 3D, Wind direction, Oiginal wind speed

Accuracy

Depending on grid size, relatively general

Depending on the input parameters, allow finer details

Definition of wind corridors by roughness of wind passage

Definition of wind corridors according to wind speed and direction differences

Features

More flexible

More accurate but time consuming

limitation

1. The width of the wind corridor is limited by the grid size.

2. Identification may be influenced by the grid size, the input position and others.

3. Judgement may be affected due to the boundaries.

1. High cost for large scale analysis (high computer performance required to create large scale 3D model).

2. The result is affected by the boundary. The closer to the model boundary, the lower the reference value.

Easier to operate (QGIS, Excel)

Complex tools (Grasshopper, rhino, flowdesigner, photoshop)

Base

Tools

POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS AFTER THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE URBAN WIND CORRIDOR 1. 60 metres on either side of the route of wind corridor is designated as a "Wind Corridor Regulated Zone".

2. The junction of wind corridors is proposed as an

60 metres on either side

"Enhanced Regulated Zone" if there are two or more wind corridors passing through.

3. The regulated zone will be subject to ventilation adjustment strategies, such as buildings setback, widening gap of buildings and review of site ventilation rate (SVR), which will be investigated and verified by CFD simulations.

The range of regulated zone is based on overseas researches on either side can form an 150 metres width wind corridor, which

Wind Corridors Wind Corridors Regulated Zone

lead to a better ventilation effect. The effect of different widths on

Enhanced Regulated Zone

and Taichung's climate features. The road width with 60 metres

ventilation can be further evaluated by CFD simulations.

13 U r b a N r e s e a r c h . . . S P AT I A L D E S I G N . . . D I G I TA L I N T E R A C T I V E D E S I G N . . .

Anping Street

Harborfront Seaside Attractions

02.

2022-2023 Machine Learning & Research based on multiple urban data

croWDPreDicTioN

Chikan Tower Guohua Haian Shopping Area

Downtown Attractions

Confucius Temple

15 OVERCROWDED ISSUE IN CITIES According to the United Nations population estimates and projections, by 2050, up to two-thirds of the global population (approximately 5 billion people) will reside in urban areas. The overwhelming population has led to social and safety issues. Managing crowd congestion in highly dense cities is considered a crucial task in urban governance as it can impact public safety. Some cities have started collaborating with telecommunications companies to monitor the crowd instantaneously . However, reliable prediction methods are still lacking. In the absence of accurate predictions of crowd movements, governments are unable to anticipate the timing and scale of crowd occurrences, leading to ineffective control methods.

In order to make valid predictions about the crowds, a monitoring system is developed in the present study. The system is designed to collect several kinds of crowd-related data automatically or input manually. This breakthrough has the ability to significantly expand prediction time and therefore improve the efficiency of urban governance.

•

Cooperative Works Specially thanks to Tainan City Government, Shi-Yu Lai, Tzu-Hsin Hsieh, Tomohide Hashida , Po-Hsun Chang, professior

Hsun-Ping Heieh and professior Tzu-Chang Lee. This was a team collaborative work with them.

I was the leader in this project. I was in charged of the research, data collecting, processing, analysing and system design.

STUDY DOMAIN & RESEARCH PROCESS

Anping Street

Harborfront

Guohua Haian Shopping Area

Chikan Tower

Confucius Temple Seaside Attractions

Downtown Attractions

Collecting Data

Processing Data

Data Analysis

Predictive Modelling

This research relys on

Due to the large volume

Through EDA (explor-

Finally, by inputting the

data from various resourc-

of data from various sourc-

atory data analysis), it is

data into machine learning

es, including: public open

es, it is necessary to first

possible to uncover causal

models, it can accurately

data, authority restricted

integrate the data into an

relationships in events,

predict the occurrence of

data, climate observation

analyzable format before

enabling the development

populations, which will aid

data from laboratory.

conducting data analysis.

of effective strategies.

urban governance.

COLLECTING DATA Five types of data were utilized as input factors in this study, including historical crowd data converted by telecommunications data, attractions ticket sales volume, events and holidays schedule, weather observation data (including air temperature and rain amount), and parking space availability. These data were selected due to our hypothesis that they might directly reflect crowd size or be related to people’s inclination to gather. They were considered as features which affecting the crowds or related with cowds.

•

Features which Affecting the Crowds or Related with Crowds •

Weekdays and Weekends

•

Weekly or monthly events (fairs, night markets)

•

National holidays

•

Annual vacations (summe / winter vacations)

•

Public events (election campaign / music festival / special fair ...)

•

Hot issue (Popular exhibitions...)

Climate

•

Peak / Low season

Weather

•

Comfort (temperature, humidity)

•

Rainfall

•

Traffic Flow: number of parking

•

Internet flow: number of keyword searches

Scheduled Timeline Special Event

Atmosphere Condition

Other Features

•

Available Data & Characteristics Quantify the Crowds: Information that can symbolize or represent the number of people.

Definition of terms

Affecting the Crowds: Events that affect people's willingness to travel.

Affected by the Crowds: Variables that are influenced by crowds.

Data Features

Item

Far EasTone

1 per hour

1 for each attractions

Quantify

Historical Crowd Amounts (Calculated from Telecom Data) Attractions Ticket Sales Vulome

Attraction offices Google popular times

1 per day 1 per hour

1 for each attractions

Events and Holidays Schedule

Government’s schedule

Depending (usually hourly or daily)

Depending

Weather Observation (Temperature)

Central Weather Bureau BCLab

1 per hour

By station

Weather Observation (Rain Amounts)

Central Weather Bureau

1 per hour

By station

Parking Space Availability

City Government

1 per hour

By street

the Crowds

Affecting the Crowds

Affected by the Crowds

Data Source

Time Resolution

Spatial Resolution

17

2

PROCESSING DATA

To analyze the collected data, it is essential to integrate these data into a format suitable for analysis. The varying temporal and spatial resolutions of the data necessitate different processing methods. Ultimately, these data should be made available for comparison with the hourly crowd data calculated from telecommunication data.

Events and Holidays Schedule

Public Events Schedule

One-hot encoding.

•

Events

•

Non-events

Attractions Ticket Sales Volume Government statistics provided us with daily ticket sales volume for each attraction. However, since the sales data was not available on an hourly basis, we needed to devise a method to obtain hourly crowd estimates. In this study, we leveraged the Google Maps API to obtain the hourly popularity level (p) at fixed locations every week. By converting the total number of tickets sold on a given day (T) and matching it with the corresponding weekly popularity level, we were able to derive the hourly ticket data (h). This process is represented by equation: Anping Castle Hourly Popularity Rate (take the most popular time period as 100%)

Weather Observation Data To gather weather data for Taiwan, we utilized the Central Weather Bureau Observation Data Inquire Service (CODiS) publicly available resource. The dataset provided valuable information, including temperature and rainfall data. To pinpoint the representative range of weather stations, we employed the Voronoi diagram algorithm to effectively divide the map, guiding us in determining the observation stations relevant to each attraction's location.

Target Attractions Observation Station Parking Space Availability Vehicle-related historical statistics can offer valuable insights into the transportation patterns of people gathering at specific locations. We extracted parking spaces located within a 200-meter radius of each attraction. Hourly records of parking space availability were meticulously recorded. By conducting a comparative analysis between the peak hours of crowd gatherings and the corresponding hourly parking space availability, we gained a deeper understanding of the transportation habits exhibited by the crowds.

Parking Data around Each Targets

DATA ANALYSIS The correlation analysis showed a clear trend.

•

Historical Crowd Data

The Chikan Tower ticketing data and the tourists

Chikan Tower

amounts showed a correlation of +0.8, which indicates a high positive correlation between the telecom data and the sold tickets. This verified

Guohua Haian Shopping Area

the reliability of the telecommunication data.

On the other hand, the temperature and the Confucius Temple

tourists amounts showed a fairly significant positive correlation; and the cultural activities showed a better correlation with the number of

Anping Old Street

tourists. As for the usage of parking spaces, the Confucius Temple and the Harborfront showed a high correlation with the number of people,

Harbourfront

which means that tourists are more likely to choose on-street parking spaces in these areas.

•

Correlation between data and the crowds in each attractions: Chikan Tower

Shopping Area

Confucius Temple

Anping Street

Harborfront

Cultural activities

Non- data

Non- data

Tourist activities

Non- data

Non- data

Non- data

Non- data

Rainfall Level Temperature Parking amounts Non- data

Ticket sales 0

+0.5

0

Non- data +0.5

0

Isochrones of 5,10,15 Minutes from Each Attractions

0

50

100

200

+0.5

0

+0.5

0

+0.5

19 PREDICTIVE MODELLING To forecast the possible growth of the crowd, the datasets mentioned above were utilized to build predictive models. We conducted a comparative analysis of three predictive models: LSTM, GRU, and GRU-Attention (GRU-A), to forecast future surges in tourist crowds across multiple individual attractions. After experimental evaluations, we found that all three models yielded similar Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values, approximately 30%. Consequently, we opted for the GRU model due to its relatively fewer model parameters (6,502,677), making it computationally efficient.

The chosen GRU model receives six types of hourly data from the previous 48 hours as input and predicts the tourist flow at various attractions 5 hours ahead, see Figure 5. It is noteworthy that the reduction in MAPE by 63.1% when predicting tourist flow 5 hours ahead, as compared to predicting it over 24 hours, is a significant improvement. By leveraging our visualization system, users can explore the influence of pertinent factors on tourist numbers, based on historical data intervals, specific attractions, and prediction times. This system empowered decision-makers and stakeholders to make informed assessments and enhance crowd monitoring strategies effectively.

GRU

GRU-Attention

8,649,141 parameters

6,502,677 parameters

7,348,230 parameters

MAPE: 0.30

MAPE: 0.27

MAPE: 0.33

Prediction Crowd Data Chikan Tower Crowd-prediction error relationships Average error Standard deviation

Guohua Haian Shopping Area

10%

4000

8%

3000

6%

2000

4%

1000

2%

0

0%

31.Aug.

1.Sep. Prediction (5hrs)

Harbourfront

5000

Confucius Temple

12%

Chikan Tower

Harbourfront

30.Aug.

6000

Shopping Area

Anping Old Street

14%

Anping Old Street

Confucius Temple

7000

Percentage Error

Average People

Average Tourists Amounts

•

LSTM

APPLICATION & DEMO DESIGN The crowd volume prediction model revealed the potential timeframe for data acquisition and its relationship with model training. Some data was able to be acquired before the present moment, including event dates and times, pre-sale ticket quantities for events like concerts, and weather forecast data provided by the Central Weather Bureau (available one day prior).

Real-time updated data sources within government agencies, such as real-time tourist flow data, current weather observations were readily accessible. Additionally, agencies compiled relevant statistical data daily or monthly, like total daily ticket sales for tourist attractions or monthly revenue reports. Integrating these diverse datasets into a seamless flow model, along with manual input parameters, ensured efficient and accurate model training. In the future, establishing a comprehensive data flow system by the municipal government is expected to enable real-time monitoring and precise forecasting with continuous optimization. n days ago Public event date Tickets booked amount

•

1 day ago

Weather Forecast

the day/ the moment

statistic at day2

after few days

Current population

Population yesterday

Parking amounts

Weather conditions

Ticket Sales Volume

Ticket Sales Volume

Demo System In order to introduce this research into urban governance, the system was segmented into three core pages: the Map, Statis-

tics, and Event Scheduling. The Map page offered insights into historical, present, and predictive crowd distributions, along with other geographic data. The Statistics page showcased the movement of individuals at specific sites during designated times.

Meanwhile, the Event Scheduling page allowed users to view and edit historical and future event schedules.

Administrators were able to select the desired data targets, such as historical data intervals, attractions, and prediction time (1-5 hours), among others. Whether the users used the system website for analyzing historical data, predicting future trends, or exploring geographical patterns, our application provided a robust and user-friendly platform for efficient data exploration and visualization.

Landscape & Architecture Design at CKS Memorial Hall

2022 - 2023

U r b a N r e s e a r c h . . . S P AT I A L D E S I G N . . . D I G I TA L I N T E R A C T I V E D E S I G N . . .

lookiNg FoWarD To Daily liFe 21

03.

23

Desire to Live in Peace

•

Site

The life people long for is usually the most ordinary ones. However, not everyone on the earth had the luck to live in peace. Chaos, arguements and wars kept happening all over the world, so as in Taiwan, my hometown. We’re still lucky enough that we don’t have to wake up in a bomb, but the fear of the future had caused debates in Taiwan. I’ve always wondering, what is the point of such an argument? Has our life become better?

To eliminate the nagitivity among society, I decided to redesign the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, to awaken people's attention to the quality of life. “Looking Forward to Daily Life” aims to show the "rebirth" of society after the trauma and express our yearning for an ordinary and free life.

Through my creation, the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall will be transformed into a colourful and free urban living room that welcomes the masses.

Before

After

I. SITE FEATURES

II. STEEP MITIGATION

The current site was built for shaping the stately

In order to eliminate this symbol, I raised the

symbol, and therefore.had left a sacred atmosphere.

surrounding area of the hall.

III. LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE

IV. GREENING

Replace the sanctity central axis with the shattered

The multi-layered landscape lifted the greens on top,

and rugged landscape.

which makes the wind smoother to spread out.

V. BOULEVARD DESIGN

VI. FUNCTION SETTING

The crooked corridor echoes the rugged history of the

Eventually, the gentle slope formed the open space

ancestors in pursuit of freedom.

below, and the public function is given to the people.

25

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN Lifting Greens Ventilation

SECTION Playground

SITE PLAN Library

Meeting Room

Gallery

Heat Dissipation Rainwater Collection

Info Stand

CKS Memorall Hall Cafe Auditorium

Store

N↑

Stores

Pavement

Suvonior

Meeting Room

27

SOLAR RADIATION ANALYSIS In response to the severe heat island effect in Taipei during the summer, this site serves as an important turning point in addressing this problem.

By incorporating urban shading and solar radiation analysis, the central plaza of the park is transformed. A multi-level green belt space is proposed to alleviate high temperatures during the day.

29

This project defeated over 5,000 works from 15 countries and won the highest prize of AYDA Awards 2023.

Presentation Video

31

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04.

reForesT uNioN Skyhive of Tropical Complex Culture 2021

33 Cooperative works

Site & Concept

Specially thanks to Chun-De Lee

Reforest Union is located in The First Square in Taichung City, Taiwan.

and Chang-Ting Lin, the local students

Adjacent to Taichung Main Railway Station, it was once the main social

I met during my exchange in Germany.

area of Southeast Asian cultural communities, and multicultural integra-

Also thanks to Chao-Chun Kung, my

tion has become our design main core.

classmate from college. This was a

Since Taiwan are accepting more southeast culture and embracing the

team collaborative work with them.

worker to our community. Here will be the best spot for Taiwanese to step

Every Sunday, the Taiwan-German online

meeting

discusses

foot into their culture and get to blend the life style through the area.

about

Twenty years ago the area was the center of the city. It's fading cause of the

design projects and international

shift in the main business block. This moment it plays the role of a multi-

competitions, which is my weekly

cultural region and a bridge between the railway and the main commercial

routine. In this project, I was in

center. But until now there is no good balance between urban exhibition,

charged of the research, design

transportation, public space and life quality.

concept, freehand sketching, design developement,

diagrams

and layout editing.

drawing,

Air pollution is synonymous with the city. Because of the establishment of Thermal power station and people's traffic habits, air pollution has become the main environmental problem in this city. Through this design to achieve a balance and connection between multiculturalism, the environment and human, and the past and the future.

ELEVATOR

RAMP BALCONY

INDOOR CORRIDOR

More Green Space

After Planning

Current Site

SITE ANALYSIS Sky Garden Living Area Shopping Center Cultural Theme Park Migrant workers in Taiwan

Planning Concept

Vietnam

208095 Indonesia 258084 Philipines 148246 Thailand 61176

Cultural Utilities

14% In Taiching

Traffic flow

Underpass Train Station Main Road Public and Greens

Green

Water

Cultural

30% 7% 13% Materials

Land-use Zoning

Commercial Living Current Site

15% 35%

Office Living Area Commercial & Office

PM 10

Electro Industry

20% Living

Materials Automobil Old Buildings

Cultural Buildings

Commercial

15% Commercial

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr

15% Office

3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

Green open space / Person

PM 10

35

Industry

30

35

20

Commercial

15

30

2nd Qtr

5

25

London

Newyork

WHO recommand

Moscow

Paris

4th Qtr

Automobil

Outdoor else

3rd Qtr Taichung

Electricity

Commercial

1st Qtr

10

Green open space / Person Industry

Automobil

25

0

PM 2.5

Electro

20

35

DETAIL

1. "Hard bamboo.” Not only it successfully improve the load capacity, but also maintain the elasticity of bamboo. Bamboo is available quickly and in large quantities in Southeast Asian countries plus shorter growth times.

So it's the material we're mainly using .

2. "Translucent Wood" the light transmission of the glass was successfully replaced by a wooden structure.

3. “Power-generating glass”. Not only the automatic temperature control system, but also the generating glass . Each piece of glass is a solar panel to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity.

1ST FLOOR PLAN

Open to Public The ground floor to the 6th floor of the tower are shopping malls, which are provided to people from all over the world. In addition to retail stores, it also provides entertainment, catering and other services. This arrangement is to attract people to visit and bring vitality to the site.

Rain Collection & Insulation on Top The sky garden on the top floor is not only for ornamental plants, but also a complete autonomous cycle of greenhouses to grow cash crops, grain and flowers. Electricity also has a way of providing power to the entire tower with solar glass and a few amount of Biogas. About the material we have breakthrough strategy. EX: hard bamboo, Translucent Wood and Power-generating glass. Through this transformation, we hope to significantly reduce environmental costs and burdens in a high-quality living environment.

37

DEVELOPEMENT PROCESS

‧First, widen the main road and change its route. This will effectively alleviate the problem of excessive traffic flow. ‧Reconstruction of the river on the southwest side of the site.

‧Reducing road width and adding sidewalks ‧Replanning of roads in residential areas. ‧The railway will be connected to the urban transportation system,

‧The fork on the south side will change the traffic route. ‧The road in front of the train

•

Traffic direction

guidance

and

changes in driving habits ‧Future software infrastructure Ex.

underground,

Solar charging stations, smart power

returning the right of way to

supervision systems, and high-speed

pedestrians and green space.

network automatic driving guidance

station

turns

systems.

reducing transfer distance.

‧The south-west side is a green corridor of about 300

‧The east side is mainly for commercial

‧The blocks which in the north- west is a Residential and Commer-

meters as city park. It would combine with cultural

location and office and advantages of location

cial Mixed-Use. High-rise apartment and Commercial office building

industry and area to parenting activity.

will attract more businesses to enter. The area

‧The southern side of the base where adjacency to

is a complete walking area.

are the main building types. ‧The gradual connection between the cultural/arts block , areas of

Taichung Railway Station as a commercial location

‧The open space in front of the train station

the commercial district and the residential areas, thus forming a

mainly for future development. The area is mainly

will be fully planned as Artsquare /Arts Centre

basic life circle. Besides, establish an art air corridor to connect two

pedestrian areas and a few one-way roads so it could

and City Gardens. It would improve the

green spaces, successfully dividing pedestrian and traffic spaces.

effectively solve traffic problems in surrounding.

quality of life around the area.

In this area we focus on traffic, green belts, housing patterns and density.

A new green corridor separates the commercial and residential areas. It is hoped that residents in this area will have more leisure space and better quality of life in addition to the convenience of life.

The area's original road network has also been changed. Through systematic lane diversions, lane width changes and a more convenient series of public transportation systems, major traffic problems in the city center will be effectively alleviated.

The surrounding buildings also have greater room for change due to changes in the hinterland. The vertical living pattern changes the height and density of houses, so residents prefer to leave space for gardens and green areas to improve environmental conditions.

39

U r b a N r e s e a r c h . . . S P AT I A L D E S I G N . . . D I G I TA L I N T E R A C T I V E D E S I G N . . .

Track to Beauty

05.

2021-2022 Interior Design Center for Aesthetic Surgery

41 Ever y modern man and woman has the desire for beauty. Fenghua United Clinic provides professional plastic surger y, detailed consultation, and a trendy interior space. On the track of beauty, we urge to provide the experience with equivalent aesthetic.

SIMULATION RENDERS

LIVE PHOTO

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greeNgallery 43

Real Estate Reception Center Architecture Design

06.

Jan.2019

45 DESIGN PROCESS

LIVE PHOTO

47 U r b a N r e s e a r c h . . . S P AT I A L D E S I G N . . . D I G I TA L I N T E R A C T I V E D E S I G N . . .

07. ciTyscoPe Feb.-June, 2023 AR App for Visualizing Real-time Weather Data

Cooperative works Specially thanks to Ching-Yao Su, Tzu-Hsin Hsieh and Yu-Hsuan Lo, my teammates of UROP (Undergraduate Research Opportunity Programme) in MIT City Science Lab @ Taipei Tech.

This was a team collaborative work with them.

During this half-year programme, we scheduled one to two days per week to participate in this cross-disciplinary

collaborative

project.

We

discussed every detail in this project together, and exchange our ideas from different point of view. I was involved in the visualization design and development in this project.

Taichung

Taoyuan

New Taipei Taipei

49 Weather Visualization in AR

Realtime Database

Creating a data visualization platform with an immersive approach has the potential to significantly enhance decision-making processes. In this endeavor, our team

CWB

EPA

developed an interactive application aimed at seamlessly integrating real-time HUV

weather data into 3D physical space.

Temperature

PM2.5

As illustrated in the project cover, the interactive interface comprises two distinct

Rain

sections of virtual objects: the upper sphere portion (detailed on the right page) and

Weather

the lower informational aid segment. serialize JSON file

System

WebRequest

The system is divided into two main frameworks. The first frame-work, indicated by

Unity

the blue area, receives real-time information from backend APIs in JSON format. The second framework, represented by the red area, uses web requests to wirelessly

deserialize

transmit this data to an iPad running Unity. Once received the data undergoes JSON

visualization

deserialization and is then visually represented in a corresponding manner.

iPad Application

Virtual-Real Locolization In order to accurately position the model on the physical Taiwan Island replica, the system is organized into two primary modules.

The first module, highlighted

in blue, employs

AR App

AprilTag Detection

Plane Detection

Scan Tag

Detect Plane AR Foundation

AprilTag Detection using the Tag “Standard41h12” type to scan and identify the tag ID as well as its position.

The second module, marked in red, utilizes AR Foundation for plane detection. This module offers ARKit SDK

Type TagStandard41h12 ARKit SDK

Detect Tag ID & Tag Position

ARCore SDK

for iOS devices and ARCore SDK for Android devices.

Specifically, we use the ARKit SDK for iOS to place the

Place Model (based on Position & Plane)

model based on the detected tag position and plane, which is then displayed on the device.

iOS Device

Android Device

Display on Device

AprilTag Detection

Plane Detection Virtual Objects

AR Foundation

ARKit

HUV UV Index

Low 0

High 11+

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Low

Moderate

High

11+

Very High Extreme

Some Extra protection protection protection essencial required needed

No protection needed

Stay indoor

The ultraviolet (UV) effects are designed based on the UV index, with particle colors also planned according to the color scheme of the UV index.

The index ranges from 0 to 11+, with colors transitioning from green to purple to indicate the level of uv exposure, from low to high.

High UV Visualization

Temperature The temperature effects aims to Cold

Hot

0°C

38°C+ Take relative humidity 100% as example:

0

9

26

32

38+

Slight cold

Comfort

Hot

Very hot Extreme

Warmth needed

Nothing alert

Caution

Extreme Caution

Danger

High Temperature Visualization

represent the intensity of convection currents. The color scheme ranges from blue to indicate cold temperatures to red for hot temperatures. The stronger the convection, the colder the temperature

is

represented,

conversely,

weaker

and

convection

corresponds to hotter temperatures.

Rain Amount Low

High

<2.5mm

2.5-7.5mm 7.5-15mm 15-30mm

<30mm

The rain effects are influenced by the real-time rainfall data received.

The higher the numerical value of the

Light

Moderate

Heavy

Intense

Torrential

rainfall, the denser the particle effects for rain appear, and conversely, lower values result in sparser rain effects.

Torrential Rain Visualization

PM2.5 Low 0μg/m³

High >300μg/m³

Air Quality Index (AQI) of PM2.5 Concentration 0050

51100

Good

Moderate

101150

151200

201300

indicate the concentration level of fine particulate matter in the air. A denser

>300

Unhealthy Unhealthy Very Hazardous for sensitive Unhealthy individuals

High PM2.5 Visualization

The PM2.5 effects are designed to

concentration is represented by a deeper shade of brown, while a sparser concentration is indicated by a lighter shade of green.

51

Apr.-Jul., 2022

Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things Creative Application Proposal

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08.

53

1. BIM on Cloud 2. Sensor Position 3. Data Cascade 4. Visualization 5. Scenario 6. Prediction 7. Auto-Device

55 U r b a N r e s e a r c h . . . S P AT I A L D E S I G N . . . D I G I TA L I N T E R A C T I V E D E S I G N . . .

09.

Feathers Biology Biomimicry Interactive Installation 2021 Cooperative works Specially thanks to Chien-Kai Kuo, TzuHsin Hsieh, Chu-Hua Huang. This was a team collaborative work with them. I had been involved in all parts of this project.

Demo Movie

57

This design is designed to simulate the self-protection mechanism of an animal when faced with an unknown object.

In order to simulate the self-protective behaviour of animals, we have taken reference from the feathers of birds. It uses a long and intricate structure to protect the skin from moisture.

The mechanical behaviour used in this design is based on the crankshaft in a reciprocating piston engine, which converts the kinetic energy from the linear reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational kinetic energy. The crankshaft is an important component of motorbikes.

The design was modelled parametrically usin

the parameters of the 3D model to simulate th

the oscillation of the blades and the path of th rotation angle puller.

ng Rhino Grasshopper, and the actual model was modelled in parallel by fine-tuning

he results of the decisions made for each component. In this 3D model, we simulate

he connecting ropes when the engine is rotated to various angles by using the engine

In order to simulate the self-protective behaviour of animals, the design uses the Arduino's ultrasonic sensing module to detect the approaching state of unknown objects.

Distance Sensing

Output reaction Stop Slow Spinning Fast Spinning Fast Swinging