COMPLEX TYPOLOGIES IN CONTEMPORARY HOUSING: A Proposal for Hybrid Housing in Russia

OPEN INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION FOR STANDARD HOUSING AND RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT DESIGN

Configuration instead of the block

Unique participation code 014646

This kind of architectural approach is exempt from the discussion of forming the urban block. in relation to specific parameters of the competition brief, every unit is oriented towards healthy living: every unit gets good insolation and aeration. Instead of discussing formalization of the urban block, this proposal aims to maximize all potentials of a complex configuration that forms dynamic neighborhood. The space that surrounds the fragmented, porous structure can be programed in various strategies- spaces of recreation, leisure, sports and culture.

1. Base units: These housing units have a direct contact with the ground. Such spatial configuration enables specific programmatic resolutions, that can be determined by the residents. The logic of housing that is in the immediate link with the ground implies that a part of the soil that is at our disposal is becoming an area of everyday life, and this piece of land becomes a yard. The base presents a specific platform that hosts commercial spaces, but also living units that are in direct connection to the garden. Also, inside the basis holds parking spaces, as well as technical and logistics facilities. Common and recreational spaces are designed atop of this basis.

2. Apartment corpus units: This layer closely corresponds to a split (double), open corridor type of housing, in which the apartments are primarily oriented towards the outside, in relation to the vertical circulations, that are positioned within the central atrium, with which the flats are connected through the gallery. The galleries are conceived as semi-enclosed spaces that are not heated but provide shelter and climate moderation from atmospheric influences such as rain, snow, wind ... Thus, the outer membrane has a clear architectural-spatial articulation, while the space within the assembly is designed as soft tissue that allows all generic changes inherent in housing. In this regard, the gallery circulation, as well as the double corpus of the configuration allows for the dual orientation and ventilation of all housing units.

Figuration Formally, the structure is composed of three main layers. Main, three level-high [1] linear corpus is elevated atop of a [2] base- pediment.

Basis presents a particular kind of platform that follows the slope of the ground using ramps, stairs, sitting-stands, and thus establishes a connection and defines the contact of the structure with the ground.

Rooftop spaces of the main apartment corpus are designed as [3] roof garden village with fragmented house-like duplex units with gardens.

In terms of design, the relationship between membrane and content is clearly established, where the two are placed as a complementary pair: a strong articulated faรงade-membrane and a soft, inner space of pasarellas and galleries.

3. Roof garden village units: Fragmented house-like duplex units emulate garden environment, in which life revolves around the garden. These units represent a contemporary notion of urban farming and ecological living. This area is suitable for gardening, establishing a greenhouse for growing food, or even a small production- zero kilometer, grow your own food, smart farming concept.

Typology In terms of typology, this project differentiates two typologies: [1] Unit (way of life) typology and [2] Configuration (building) typology.

[1] Unit typology consists of 3 different types of units:

Diagram: 3 basic layers

In terms of building configuration, the proposal can be developed in three different types, which correspond to three types suggested by the competition brief: 1] Urban villa = Freestanding configuration type 2] Section with gallery access = Gallery type 3] Section with central access Corridor = Double open corridor type The proposal is developed as a spatial principle that, depending on the spatial circumstances, can be combined and organized in different configurations. Therefore, three suggested types are developed as VARIATIONS OF THE PRINCIPLE, and not as separate building types.

Configurational Typology Sheme

Unit Typology Sheme

Relational Sustainability and Social Ecology The position that is represented in this project examines the issue of sustainability of architectural space using two key notions: ecology + economy. Alternative definitions and interpretations of these two notions can offer new understanding of the concept of sustainable building of architecture. In this sense, ecology is considered a practice that deals with the relations of humans to one another and at the same time to their physical surroundings. Therefore, ecology implies social interactions.

Economy is considered as careful management of available resources.

However, the economy is also a relational activity, which implies diverse interaction between people (in sharing resources).

Materiality In accordance with the task of competition, in terms of materiality and materials, this project is led by logic of context and environmentalism for the object of architecture. The project is designed so that the most effective way to accept the circumstances in which it arises to the adjustment for optimum architectural situation. Specifically, this solution combines two approaches: environmental logic of using materials that are available and suitable for the construction in the circumstances, (and therefore organic for the context and economically affordable), and the logic of the use of sustainable energy sources through the use of modern technologies.

The outer membrane (the shell) is conceived as a semi-enclosed unitextension space that is not heated but provides an interface for climate moderation from atmospheric influences such as rain, snow, and wind.

Climate responsiveness Diagram

Functional analysis Housing. In order to maximize the utilization of existing surfaces and provide for better housing conditions, a system of gallery components is proposed. The used scheme of circulation combines corridor and gallery system i.e. semi-open, covered, illuminated and ventilated corridor along the entire building from which it is directly accessible to every apartment unit. The organization of units is based on a clear differentiation of service and residential areas, with the two-way orientation of all apartments, aimed at natural lighting and ventilation of all residential areas. One of the determinants in the planning of apartments is the flexibility of space, i.e. the variability of the organizational scheme according to which an adequate constructive system (skeletal) was adopted.

Central functions. The program of the competition envisages partial integration of commercial-business activities as complementary programs.

The concept for distributing these programs includes the basis of the structure. The focus of this functional organization is in saturation, not in separation of the housing program with other activities that form neighborhood. The commercial, profitable space represents an integral part of the neighborhood activity mechanism.

Proposed open public spaces, besides their basic character as social space, also include areas for sport and recreation, playgrounds and entertainment.

ventilation and sunlight. This unit has a clear differentiation between day and night zones. Ground floor, opening towards the garden is designed for daily activities, and the upper floor is designed for bedrooms. There is a bathroom on both levels.

5] FOUR ROOM APARTMENT 100m2 Two-core apartment - This type of apartment is designed to have a clear differentiation for different users, i.e. generation differentiation between children (two bedrooms) and parents (master bedroom), as well as circular movement through the kitchen block. The apartment is designed with a flexible barrier dividing the living room and master bedroom. In accordance with the structure and size, unit has two bathrooms. By simple intervention, the apartment can be reconstructed to satisfy the newly acquired needs of the household in order to achieve a higher level of intimacy and (or) increase in the number of inhabitants.

Catalogue of apartments 1] STUDIO APARTMENT 20m2 Studio is conceived as a one-space unit. The kitchen block, which is connected to the living / sleeping area over the counter (dining table), has natural ventilation and lighting through the gallery. There is the possibility of temporary or permanent separation of the kitchen area as well as extension of the apartment to the loggia.

2] ONE ROOM APARTMENT 40m2 This apartment is characterized by the central bathroom block, which defines the space of the unit. The apartment consists of a living room, a kitchen, a dining room and a bathroom. Clear lines of communication that connect spaces are clearly visible. These units are located on the ground floor, in the basis, and therefore they have a garden.

3] TWO ROOM APARTMENT 60 m2 The apartment is designed with a flexible barrier dividing the living room and bedroom. The apartment offers a circular movement through the kitchen. it is possible to expand the apartment by joining a loggia to the apartment space in order to get a more comfortable bedroom.

4] THREE ROOM APARTMENT 80m2 This type unit developed as duplex roof garden unit. It is mostly detached from the neighboring units, therefore has a potential and comfort of good