design studio
competition
installations | exhibitions
advocacy
work experience
research
SELECTED WORKS
PANIZ MOAYERI
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2019
Photograph on the right by Haneen Dalla-Ali. The image on the cover is of my Cabinet of Curiosities designed and built for Donald McKay’s TRDI master studio as a thought experiment. The project asked for a Cabinet of Curiosities encompassing the authors’ intellectual lives. My cabinet takes the form of a time-line depicting my life. Photograph by author. You can read more about this project at http://panizmoayeri.com/cabinet-of-curiosities.
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Dear Reader, I am a recent graduate of the M.Arch program from the University of Waterloo School of Architecture, where I also received my Bachelor of Architectural Studies in 2015. My thesis (entitled Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here: Asylum, Space, and Iranian Queer Heritage) looks at the connection between space and queer heritage in the Iranian LGBTQ+ refugee community of Toronto. Through co-op opportunities in my undergraduate degree, I have practiced architecture in Canada, the United States, and the United Arab Emirates. As one of the three founders of the initiative Treaty Lands Global Stories, I have advocated for acknowledging Canada’s Indigenous heritage, and for looking beyond the Western world in the study of history and architectural precedents in the Waterloo Architecture curriculum. I think design and research should go hand in hand and that designers should operate with a moral code and understand design problems within their broader social contexts. I believe in collaborative, community-oriented, regenerative design rooted in environmentally and socially sustainable practices. With this in mind, I am interested in research around the social and ethical ramifications of modern design practices and their effects on marginalized communities and groups. These interests include: questioning the Western canon and pedagogy in architecture, studying the use of architecture as a tool to limit access or perpetuate aggression and segregation, examining the use and abuse of collective memory in built-spaces, rethinking what constitutes heritage, and telling underrepresented stories. The following portfolio includes samples of work that address some of the above issues. I hope it will act as a good introduction to my skills and interests. Thank you for reading.
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CONTENTS
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Contents Letters of Recommendation Curriculum Vitae
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DESIGN STUDIO
1
Skjól | Huddle
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COMPETITION
21
Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
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INSTALLATIONS | EXHIBITIONS
37 43
Bright Whispers: Tales of Homecoming Traces
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ADVOCACY
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Treaty Lands Global Stories (TLGS)
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WORK EXPERIENCE
55 61 65
D’Ambrosio Architecture + Urbanism Heitler Houstoun Architects Perkins + Will
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RESEARCH
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The Use of Collective Memory in Tehran’s Behesht-e Zahra Cemetery as a Tool for Propaganda Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here: Asylum, Space, and Iranian Queer Heritage
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D' A M B R O S I O D ' hAi t eMc t B a r c u r eR+ O u rS b a In i O s m a r c h i t e c t u r e
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u r b a n i s m
P A C E R P A C C E E R R S A S A C E R
2960 Jutland Road 2 96 0 Jutland Road Victoria.BC.Canada.V8T5K2 Victoria.BC.Canada.V8T5K2 tel 250.384.2400 tel 250.384.2400 eml mail@fdarc.ca eml mail@fdarc.ca
6thth September September 2019 2019 6 To Whom Whom It It May May Concern, Concern, To We’ve had periods of We’ve had the the pleasure pleasure of of working working with with Paniz Paniz Moayeri Moayeri over over two two separate separate periods of time, time, the the first first being being a a summer summer co-op position in 2013, and the second being her return between degree programs in January through July of of co-op position in 2013, and the second being her return between degree programs in January through July 2016. In the time we’ve known her, Paniz has consistently impressed us with her professionalism and rigour. 2016. In the time we’ve known her, Paniz has consistently impressed us with her professionalism and rigour. Paniz has to a a wide wide range range of of our our projects. projects. In In 2013, 2013, she she was was part part of of a a Paniz has made made significant significant and and valuable valuable contributions contributions to small team that developed the schematic design of a 300,000sf urban commercial office building; Paniz built very small team that developed the schematic design of a 300,000sf urban commercial office building; Paniz built very effective composed and and drafted drafted design and prepared effective physical physical study study models models of of various various scales, scales, composed design elevations, elevations, and prepared presentation diagrams and renderings to support the applications for Rezoning / Development Permit. presentation diagrams and renderings to support the applications for Rezoning / Development Permit. In In 2016, 2016, Paniz Paniz continued continued in in aa similar similar role role for for aa number number of of large large projects, projects, producing producing digital digital models, models, renderings renderings and and design visualization for a 150,000sf mixed-use complex (residential, commercial, institutional uses design visualization for a 150,000sf mixed-use complex (residential, commercial, institutional uses with with a a formal formal public for a a new new waste waste treatment treatment facility, facility, and and a public square), square), a a pursuit pursuit proposal proposal for a comprehensive comprehensive masterplan masterplan for for a a neighbourhood of market residential, services and housing by 5 non-profit organizations. Paniz also worked more neighbourhood of market residential, services and housing by 5 non-profit organizations. Paniz also worked more independently independently on on a a number number of of smaller smaller projects, projects, working working directly directly with with the the Principal Principal to to develop develop the the design design and and documentation for a commercial office interior, a single-family home renovation and multiple new custom documentation for a commercial office interior, multiple single-family home renovations, and a new lanewayhomes. home. She She participated participated in in client client and and consultant consultant meetings meetings for for projects projects both both large large and and small, small, and and managed managed communications communications for the more independent projects. Her work was consistent and polished, proving out her for the more independent projects. Her work was consistent and polished, proving out her maturing maturing skills, skills, capability capability and professionalism. and professionalism. Paniz Paniz has has a a robust robust and and diverse diverse set set of of skills, skills, and and she she embodies embodies an an admirable admirable balance balance of of pragmatism pragmatism and and idealism. idealism. II believe she would be a valuable addition to any architectural practice, and am happy to speak with you believe she would be a valuable addition to any architectural practice, and am happy to speak with you ifif you you have have any any questions. questions. Sincerely, Sincerely,
Erica Erica H. H. Sangster, Sangster, Architect Architect AIBC AIBC MRAIC MRAIC Principal Principal D’AMBROSIO D’AMBROSIO architecture architecture + + urbanism urbanism email: email: esangster@fdarc.ca esangster@fdarc.ca
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02 January 2013 To whom it may concern 02 January 2013 Dear Sirs, To whom it may concern Reference Paniz Moayeri Dear Sirs, Paniz was employed in our office for 3 months towards the end of 2012. She was an easy fit with our team of architects and designers and we were very impressed with her work ethic Reference Paniz Moayeri often forgetting that she is still only a student. She has excellent communication skills, is extremely organized, can work independently and showed leadership qualities in managing Paniz was employed in our office for 3 months towards the end of 2012. She was an easy fit CAD staff to complete tasks for a presentation we were preparing. Paniz offered her with our team of architects and designers and we were very impressed with her work ethic assistance when the team was under pressure staying late at her choice to ensure that the often forgetting that she is still only a student. She has excellent communication skills, is project was delivered on time. extremely organized, can work independently and showed leadership qualities in managing CAD staff to complete tasks for a presentation we were preparing. Paniz offered her During her 3 months Paniz was involved in various projects with different personalities assistance when the team was under pressure staying late at her choice to ensure that the within the office showing great flexibility. She assisted project leaders with a variety of project was delivered on time. projects from building analysis, site surveys, concept design through to detail design packages for construction. Paniz effectively scheduled and managed her time and kept lines During her 3 months Paniz was involved in various projects with different personalities of communication open at all times. Her technical and creative skills are well developed and within the office showing great flexibility. She assisted project leaders with a variety of we look forward to hearing of her future growth as her experience increases. projects from building analysis, site surveys, concept design through to detail design packages for construction. Paniz effectively scheduled and managed her time and kept lines Paniz was always willing to offer her assistance and had an excellent rapport with our team. of communication open at all times. Her technical and creative skills are well developed and We found her to be a happy, bubbly person, always smiling. She is passionate about her we look forward to hearing of her future growth as her experience increases. career and eager to learn and share her knowledge. We wish her great success and would welcome her back in our organisation at any time. Paniz was always willing to offer her assistance and had an excellent rapport with our team. We found her to be a happy, bubbly person, always smiling. She is passionate about her Should you require any additional information please contact me. career and eager to learn and share her knowledge. We wish her great success and would welcome her back in our organisation at any time. Should you require any additional information please contact me.
Diane Thorsen Principal Design Director +971 505348598
Diane Thorsen Principal Design Director +971 505348598
Pringle Brandon LLC Bur Dubai, PO 113324, Dubai, UAE www.pringle-brandon.co.uk T +971 50 5348598 E post@pringle-brandon.co.uk
Pringle Brandon LLC Bur Dubai, PO 113324, Dubai, UAE www.pringle-brandon.co.uk T +971 50 5348598 E post@pringle-brandon.co.uk
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EDUCATION
CURRICULUM VITAE
2016 - 2019
University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON
Paniz Moayeri M.Arch, B.AS
Thesis entitled Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here: Asylum, Space, and Iranian Queer Heritage, supervised by Dr. Anne Bordeleau. 2010 - 2015
Bachelor of Architectural Studies (Honours, Co-op) University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON
69 Verdi Rd. Richmond Hill, ON L4E 4P6 Canada panizmoayeri@gmail.com http://panizmoayeri.com/
Master of Architecture
WORK EXPERIENCE Sept - Dec 2017
Teaching Assistant University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON
+ 1 647 997 1370
ARCH 246: Cultural History II Pre-Renaissance to Reformation taught by Dr. Robert Jan van Pelt. Jan - April 2017
Teaching Assistant
COMPUTER SKILLS
ADDITIONAL SKILLS
Adobe After Effects
CNC Router Use
Adobe Dreamweaver
Digital & Film Photography
Adobe Flash
Hand Drawing | Sketching
Adobe Illustrator
Laser Cutter Use
Adobe InDesign
Manual Drafting
Adobe Photoshop
Model Making
Jan - Apr 2012
LANGUAGES
ADVOCACY WORK & COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
ArcGIS
Arabic
Nov 2016 -
Co-Founder, Organizer
May 2017
AutoCAD
Took lessons for 4 years, many years ago. Some basic knowledge remains, especially when reading.
Treaty Lands Global Stories (TLGS) University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON
Google SketchUp Pro
English
Grasshopper
Fluent. My best language. Most comfortable language for reading and writing academically.
Microsoft Office
French
Revit
Basic conversational / reading knowledge remains after high school.
Rhinoceros
Germans
V-ray
Adobe Premiere Pro
University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON ARCH 193: Design Studio, led by Prof. Donald McKay. Jan - Jul 2016
Junior Designer | Architectural Assistant D’AMBROSIO architecture + urbanism | Victoria, BC
Jan - Aug 2014
Architectural Student Intern (Co-op Position) Heitler Houstoun Architects | New York, NY
May - Aug 2013
Architectural Assistant (Co-op Position) D’AMBROSIO architecture + urbanism | Victoria, BC
Sept - Dec 2012
Architectural Student Intern (Co-op Position) Pringle Brandon Perkins + Will | Dubai, UAE
Architectural Student Intern (Co-op Position) PDA Architects | Toronto, ON
Student-run initiative advocating for an inclusive curriculum. Sept 2016 -
Volunteer
April 2018
Peer Support University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON Student-run initiative to mentor and support fellow students at UWSA.
Sept 2016 -
Co-President
Sept 2017
Society of Waterloo Architecture Graduates (SWAG) University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON
Not much remains, but took lessons for 2 years in high school and was good at it.
2014 - 2017
Writer, Event Organizer, Member
Vector Works
Persian (Farsi)
2010 - 2015
I also have some old experience with programming in JAVA and C++ that can be revived.
My native language. I can speak, read and write in it, but I might struggle a bit if the subject gets too technical or academic.
September 2011
BRIDGE Centre for Architecture + Design | Cambridge, Ontario
Voted Member (Various Roles) Waterloo Architecture Student Association (WASA) University of Waterloo School of Architecture | Cambridge, ON
Media Coordinator | Orientation Week University of Waterloo Engineering & Architecture Events
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EXHIBITIONS & INSTALLATIONS Oct 2018 -
Traces (Masterworks Exhibition 2018)
Jan 2019
Co-Curator & Artist (along with Ala Abuhasan, Marco Chiementi, Victoria Ngai, Thomas Yuan, & Victor Zegabe) Showcasing photography from my thesis. Idea Exchange | Design at Riverside Gallery | Cambridge, ON
2010
Co-winner of the Best High School, Volunteer-run Newspaper in Ontario Toronto Star High school Newspaper Awards
2010
Second Place for the Best Editorial in a High school Newspaper in Ontario Toronto Star High school Newspaper Awards
Feb-Apr2018
Questioning the Canon (Waterloo Architecture 50th Anniversary Exhibition)
CONFERENCES & TALKS
The work of Treaty Lands Global Stories was featured. Idea Exchange | Design at Riverside Gallery | Cambridge, ON Sept 2017
Sept 2015
Co-Curator with Snehanjeli Sumanth. SWIGS & BRIDGE Centre for Architecture + Design | Cambridge, ON
PROCESS (Exhibition of Masters Thesis Work)
Nov-Dec
Bright Whispers: Tales of Homecoming (Installation)
2015
Co-Creator with Haneen Dalla-Ali. Night\Shift in Kitchener, ON | Unsilent Night in Cambridge, ON
AWARDS, HONOURS & SCHOLARSHIPS
“Traces: On Displacement.” Public Lecture and Open Discussion with Ala Abuhasan. Idea Exchange, Design at Riverside Gallery, Cambridge, ON.
Nov 2018
Guest talk on my thesis research at UWSA ARCH 442: Contemporary Architectural Theory taught by Dr. Tara Bissett. University of Waterloo School of Architecture.
Oct 2018
“Traces: On Photography.” Public Presentation at Gallery Opening with Ala Abuhasan, Marco Chiementi, Victoria Ngai, Thomas Yuan, & Victor Zegabe. Idea Exchange, Design at Riverside Gallery, Cambridge, ON.
May 2017
“Treaty Lands, Global Stories: Designing an Inclusive Curriculum,” with Amina Lalor and Samuel Ganton. Session “Colonial Entanglements and Decolonizing Strategies.” Layered Histories, Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada Annual Conference, Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON.
May 2017
“Toronto’s Gay Village: Built-form as Container for Social Heritage.” Session “Requalification: Documenting a New History of Heritage.” Layered Histories, Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada Annual Conference, Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON.
Oct 2015
“The Use of Collective Memory in Tehran’s Behesht-e Zahra Cemetery as a Tool for Propaganda.” The First International Funerary Architecture Symposium: City of the dead /City of the Living, University of Bologna Department of Architecture, Ravenna, Italy.
Architectural Research Centers Consortium (ARCC) King Student Medal “For Excellence in Architectural + Environmental Research.”
2019
Jan 2019
[Water_On Exhibit]
Co-Curator with Snehanjeli Sumanth. BRIDGE Centre for Architecture + Design | Cambridge, ON
2019
“Seeking Home: The Iranian Queer Community of Toronto and Public Space.” Panel “Research on Iranian Diaspora Communities.” Forty Years & More, International Conference on Iranian Diaspora Studies, the Center for Iranian Diaspora Studies, San Fransisco State University, San Fransisco, CA.
What Binds Us (University of Waterloo’s Installation at the OAA//MOVE party) Co-Creator with Amina Lalor and Samuel Ganton. Ontario Association Of Architects | Toronto, ON
Fall 2016
March 2019
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC) Honour Roll “For achieving high academic standing in the top 10% of [my] graduating class.”
2019
M.Arch Thesis Commendation
ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS
University of Waterloo 2019
2018
Graduate Prize (Creative Project) in Iranian Diaspora Studies
Publication Pending in Fall 2019
The Center for Iranian Diaspora Studies, SFSU For photography from my M.Arch Thesis
“Toronto’s Gay Village: Built-form as Container for Social Heritage.” Accepted for publication in the Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. In the editing process.
2018
“Treaty Lands, Global Stories: Designing an Inclusive Curriculum.” Co-authored with Amina Lalor, and Samuel Ganton. Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada Vol. 43, no. 2 (2018): 15-25. doi: https://doi. org/10.7202/1058036ar.
2015
“The Use of Collective Memory in Tehran’s Behesht-e Zahra Cemetery as a Tool for Propaganda.” In_Bo : Ricerche e Progetti per il Territorio, Vol. 6, no. 8 (2015): 179-193. https://in_ bo.unibo.it/article/view/6088.
2012
Picture of model of Basilica di San Clemente featured in Dr. Tammy Gaber’s paper: Gaber, Tammy. “Mythic Foundations: Engaging History for Architecture Education.” ArchNet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 6, no 2 (2012).
University of Waterloo Equity & Inclusivity Award Awarded by the Faculty Association’s Equity Committee to TLGS for “commitment to improving equity, inclusivity, and/or diversity at the University of Waterloo.”
2018
Marj Schaefer Award Awarded to TLGS for its “notable contribution to the school community.”
2018
Walter Metzger Memorial Award University of Waterloo
2010
The Brad Henderson Award Toronto Star High school Newspaper Awards for “outstanding journalistic potential and strength of character.”
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Design Studio
SKJĂ“L | HUDDLE Spa & Lodge in Drekagil, Iceland
4B Comprehensive Design Studio with Andrew Levitt Spring/Summer 2015
The following off-grid complex includes a spa, a resting hub, and lodges for hikers in the remote Drekagil Canyon. The site currently houses an existing set of buildings where hikers can lodge for the night. Contrasting the empty and barren Icelandic highlands by creating a welcoming community centre was my departing idea for the design. I wanted the visitors’ lonely journeys to be answered by their arrivals in a cozy hub where they could meet other travellers, exchange news, and recover in comfort. The existing lodges on the site are currently scattered, desperately asking for a connection. Using landscape design as a parallel axis to the road and the river, I have connected the new and the existing buildings. The splitting of the program into multiple buildings has allowed for the formation of a colony on the landscape. The positioning of the buildings also frames outdoor spaces around the geothermal pool and the fire pit, extending the communal spaces of the Great Hall outdoors.
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1-3. Arrival at this remote volcanic site can only be achieved through hiking the landscape (1) or by driving robust off-road vehicles (2-3). Many take on this journey in solitude or in small groups.
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4. Aerial view from the hiking trail 5. Existing buildings 6. Proposed strategy 7. Access to existing buildings 8. Proposed movement & access through the site 9. The extension of the Great Hall to the outdoor spaces 10. Realized plan
Design Studio
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1. Existing Lodge Building 2. Parking 3. Grand Hall 4. Greenhouse, Garbage & Compost 5. Geothermal Pool 6. Spa 7. Lodges 8. Lodge-keepers’ Permanent Residences 9. Campers’ Showers & WC 10. Camping Grounds 11. Existing Hiking Trails 12. Outdoor Fire Pit 13. Existing Road
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Skjรณl | Huddle
11. Site plan 12. North site elevation, approached from the road (in an off-road vehicle) 13. South site elevation, approached from the canyon on the hiking trails
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37 / Gear Storage 34. Cold Water Trench from the River 35. Hot Water Trench from the Geothermal Pool 36. Existing Hiking Trail 37. Moss Garden / Planter 38. Existing Road 39. Parking 40. Loading / Service Vehicle Access
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Design Studio
17 17. Arrival in the Great Hall 18. Northern entrance to the Great Hall 19. Northern vestibule/gear storage 20. Western vestibule to the Great Hall 21. Check-in desk / administration offices 22. Walking towards the kitchen
The Great Hall is the heart of the community at Drekagil. The presence of resources and services (the kitchen, library, laundry room, and administrative offices) make the building a natural gathering space for the lodgers. The design builds on the building’s inherent nature as a hub by creating a hearth in the centre of the space and by allowing for circulation through the building. The Great Hall connects the two outdoor spaces of the geothermal pool and the fire pit together.
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Design Studio
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23. Spa changing room 24. Cool-down porch with operable glass panels opening to the glacier river 25. Section II 26. The spa’s communal treatment area
The spa is an island. Fronted by the hot geothermal pool and backed by a cold glacial river, trenches of water from both sources surround it on either side. Steps into both bodies of water allow for hot and cold treatments in each. Inside, the central space serves as communal spa treatment area inspired by Middle Eastern hammams, with wet and dry sauna rooms on one side, and a wash area on the other.
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Design Studio
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27. Detailed plan of the Great Hall’s extension into the deck and the geothermal pool area 28. Geothermal pool courtyard
The courtyard created by the buildings becomes a shelter for the pool, creating a warm micro-climate on site. The space created extends the public space of the Great Hall outdoors.
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Design Studio
29 29. The fire pit at night 30. Section CC through the parking, entrance deck, moss planters, and the fire pit
The smaller fire pit courtyard acts as a connection point to the existing buildings, sheltered from the road by the parking planters. As with the geothermal pool, the fire built in this area creates a micro-climate to gather around.
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Skjรณl | Huddle
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Design Studio
The buildings have been arranged on the site with care given to their need for day lighting and solar heat gain. The three main buildings on the site (the Great Hall, the Spa, and the Guest Accommodation Building) as well the Care-takers’ Residence all share a triptych design model with three pitched volumes. In each case, the central volume acts as a spine, allowing for a number of passive strategies to take place in the building. The central spaces also serve as communal, gathering, or passage spaces in the buildings with emphasized programmatic importance. The “spinal� central spaces have been distinguished through their structure. While the buildings look like solid concrete assemblies from the outside, inside the spinal rooms, you will find exposed timber roofs and columns contrasting the concrete. For the full technical report of this project, please visit: https://issuu.com/paniz/docs/skjo__l___huddle___technical_ report_b491bf994e1d73
Hours 21.00<= 18.67 16.33 14.00 11.67 9.33 7.00 4.67 2.33 <=0.00 June 21
Hours 3.00<= 2.67 2.33 2.00 1.67 1.33 1.00 0.67 0.33 <=0.00 December 21
31. Examples of sun-path diagrams with hours of sun during the day, made using Ladybug and Grasshopper
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SkjĂłl | Huddle
Lodges
Great Hall
Spa
32. Exploded structural axonometrics
Summer Solstice (June 21st)
Winter Solstice (December 22)
33. Passive lighting and heating strategies
The hot air from the concrete’s heated thermal mass, as well as the radiantly heated floors, rises up in the spinal spaces, exhausting from the roof skylights.
34. Passive ventilation strategies
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High-velocity air is supplied through the low vents in the side spaces, heating up and rising through the spinal spaces, exhausting from the skylights.
Design Studio
- Stainless Steel Welded Wire Reinforcing Mesh - Line of Panel Bottom Beyond, Shown Dashed - 50.8mm (2”) Concrete Roof Panel - 25mm Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) or Rubber Pedestal @ 600 O.C. - Roofing Material - 7.5mm Plywood - 180mm (7”) P.I.R Board Insulation - 12.7mm Rebar Reinforcement Beyond - 120mm Concrete Roof - 70mm (35mm in the Narrow, Gutter Section) Concrete Wall Panel - Control Layer (Water/Vapour Barrier) - Stainless Steel Trough - 101.6mm (4”) (2” in the Narrow Section) P.I.R Board Insulation - Precast Connection - 12.7mm Rebar Reinforcement Beyond - 120mm Concrete Roof
35. Typical middle gutter
- 101.6mm (4”) P.I.R Board Insulation - 38mm Wood Decking - Steel Connection Pin - 11x12” Wood Rafter - Rafter Cheek Plate - 8mm Continuous Ledge Bearing Plate
- Stainless Steel Trough - Anchor @ 500 O.C. - 428x300mm Concrete Beam - 12.7mm Rebar Reinforcement - 12.7mm Rebar Stirrup - Concrete Column Beyond
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- 38mm Wood Decking - 11x12” Wood Rafter - 4.5mm Stainless Steel Connection Plate - 50.8mm (2”) Concrete Roof Panel - Roofing Material - 2x6” Timber - 3x10” Timber
38. Roof panel diagram (NTS)
Line Of Bed-rock
37. Typical peak
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Skjól | Huddle
Pool Pool
River River
39. Wall section of the spa meeting the pool
50.8mm (2”) Concrete Roof Panel 180mm (7”) P.I.R Board Insulation 120mm Concrete Roof Out-door Shower-head Roll Curtain Triple Glazed, Argon Filled Low E-Coated Window 125mm Concrete Wall 12.7mm Rebar Reinforcement Beyond Control Layer (Water/Vapour Barrier) 101.6mm (4”) P.I.R Board Insulation 70mm Concrete Wall Panel 100mm Concrete Slab with In-floor Radiant Floor Heating Base-board Air-supply Vent Earth Flashing 101.6mm (4”) P.I.R Board Insulation Water Drain
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Design Studio
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Physical study models were an essential tool in the design process of this project.
40, 43, 44, 45. Final design model 41,42. Earlier schemes and study models 45
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Competition
ROME CONCRETE POETRY HALL Architectural Competition at Piazza Galeno, Rome
Designed in partnership with Isabel Ochoa Summer 2016
Designed for Bee Breeder’s Rome Concrete Poetry Hall competition, the following project is multipurpose concrete building in historic Rome. We used a permanent architectural element – the wall – to highlight the transient nature of Piazza Galeno, both physically and poetically. We aimed to use the tools of architecture to highlight, much like a poem would, the nuances of the high speed vehicular and foot traffic and well as moments of rest and repose on the site while extenuating the linearity of Piazza Galeno’s geometry. We have deliberately chosen where and how the walls form volumes and where they are individual surfaces for framing movements. The four volumes formed from the walls allow for the project to inhibit the urban fabric of the city by strategically filling in the void of the piazza while creating open public spaces on the parameters. As surfaces, the walls become gallery spaces, perfect for projections. They create different shapes as one travels around, in, and through them, framing different aspects of the project.
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1. Southeast massing down Viale Regina Margherita 2. Massing model aerial view from the Southeast 3. Southeast massing down Viale Regina Margherita
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4. Experiential longitudinal section through the bridge between the cafĂŠ structure and the gallery/shopping stalls structure. The shopping stalls are visible in elevation. Light through skylights above creates the division between the different stalls.
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Competition
5. Southeast faรงade down Viale Regina Margherita
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
6. Site plan 7. Café public space and how it meets the tram tracks on Viale Regina Margherita 8. Overlooking the shopping stalls and the café entrance (on the right) from the café bridge
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
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10. Underground level plan a. outdoor public space b. transit stops c. shopping stalls d. loading area e. skylights looking over the auditorium lobby below f. cafĂŠ / bar g. bridge above h. stairs to the underground auditorium hall with gallery displays on the sides i. raised seating j. Stepped gallery walls k. outdoor seating overlooking
the stage l. shared stage between the outdoor and indoor theatres m. box office n. administration offices o. sliding stage walls to open and close the stage to the outside and to combine the outdoor theatre space with the interior one p. interior auditorium q. back stage /storage r. theatre lobby s. washrooms
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Competition
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11. CafĂŠ public space overlooking the transit stop on the other side of the tracks. The stairs to the right lead visitors down to the main hall as they pass gallery displays. 12. View down Via Bartolomeo Eustachio 13. View down Via Antonio Musa 14. View down Via di Villa Patrizi
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
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Competition
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
15. Section AA 16. Section BB 17. Section CC 18. Night view of a performance on the outdoor stage seen from the stepped galleries. The indoor auditorium seats are visible behind the sliding walls of the stage.
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Competition
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0 1
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
19. Section DD 20. Section EE 21. Overlooking the outdoor theatre and the stepped galleries from the bridge between the administration structures.
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Competition
22. View down Via Cornelio Celso 23. Northwest faรงade down Viale Regina Margherita 24. View down Via dei Villini 25. Experiential longitudinal section through the stepped wall galleries, transit stop, outdoor theatre space, underground back-ofhouse, and office spaces 26. Night view of a walk through the stepped galleries next to the outdoor stage. These walls are perfect surfaces for digital art projection. 27. View down Viale Andrea Cesalpino
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Rome Concrete Poetry Hall
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Installations | Exhibitions
BRIGHT WHISPERS: TALES OF HOMECOMING Public Art Installation
Installation designed for Night\Shift in Kitchener, ON. Re-installed for Phil Kline’s Unsilent Night in Cambridge, ON. Designed and created in partnership with Haneen Dalla-Ali Fall 2015
e ee b bb a aa
d dd ff f c cc d dd
a
d dd
d dd
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b
d d d
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80-100% (of life spent in Canada) 80-100% (of(of lifelife spent in in Canada) 80-100% spent Canada) 60-80% 60-80% 60-80% 40-60% 40-60% 40-60% 20-40% 20-40% 20-40% 0-20% 0-20% 0-20% 0% 0% 0%
a. (used to hold up ropes) a.a.Chain Chain (used toto hold upup ropes) Chain (used hold ropes) b. b.b.Rope Rope Rope c. Information Graph c.c.Information Graph Information Graph d. Industrial Plastic Sheets d.d.Black Black Industrial Plastic Sheets Black Industrial Plastic Sheets e. Beams e.e.Steel Steel Beams Steel Beams f. String f. f.String String
1 1. Installation axonometric (a) and plan (b) at Night\Shift 2. Tamil lantern. INSTALLATION Photography by author. INSTALLATION PLAN PLAN AND AND AXONOMETRIC AXONOMETRIC AT AT THE THE FIRST FIRST EVENT EVENT
INSTALLATION PLAN AND AXONOMETRIC AT THE FIRST EVENT
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The following installation is a forest of thirty lanterns, each uniquely inscribed with a first-person account of immigration, written in the native language of the storyteller. The lanterns’ distances from the ground represent the percentage of life each storyteller has spent in Canada: the further from the ground, the more time in Canada. Thus, the immigration memories – the projected writing on the ground – become more faded for the people with higher percentages of life spent in Canada. What will always remain sharply clear, however, is the storyteller’s name in their native language, reflected at the centre of each story. We believe that at the core of each immigration story, the identity of the storyteller remains intact as a driving force, even with shifts in their circumstances. The stories overlap on the ground, creating new forms, echoing Canadian society and its cultural diversity.
2 School Project
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Installations | Exhibitions
String clipped to the ceiling.
Top lid template
Battery-powered speaker with USB for the audio file (only 10 lanterns have speakers). Foam-core shelf. The shape is to allow for access to the light below. Battery-powered click-light attached to the bottom of the shelf with double-sided tape. The front lists the individual's country of origin and other countries of residence, mother language, age, date of immigration to Canada, and their percentage of life spent here. The story carved on the lantern, and the individual's name can be found inside the card, written in both English and the original language. Lantern body template
INDIVIDUAL LANTERN TEMPLATE AND ASSEMBLY
Participant’s name laser-cut mirrored such that illumination on the ground is legible.
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Bright Whispers: Tales of Homecoming
Videos of the installation can be seen here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmS2-z26V OU&list=PLJ4pavC1UIH8gGx1wwGpxwXCy Hgi_YSDZ
3. Individual lantern template and assembly. 4. Inside the Armenian lantern. Photograph by author. 5. Crowds at Unsilent Night. Photograph by Haneen Dalla-Ali. 6. Overall view of the installation. Photograph by author.
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Installations | Exhibitions
7. Installation at Night\Shift. Photograph by Andrew Lewin. 8. Gujarati lantern. Photograph by author. 9. Arabic lantern. Photograph by author. 10. Dutch lantern. Photograph by Haneen Dalla-Ali.
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Bright Whispers: Tales of Homecoming
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Installations | Exhibitions
TRACES University of Waterloo Masterworks Exhibition 2018
Idea Exchange | Design at Riverside Gallery October 2018 - January 2019 Curated in partnership with and featuring theses of: Ala Abuhasan, Marco Chiementi, Victoria Ngai, Thomas Yuan, & Victor Zegabe https://ideaexchange.org/art/exhibition/traces
Traces was University of Waterloo’s 2018 Mastworks exhibition. Mastworks is an annual juried exhibition that provides an opportunity for recent graduates (and those nearly finished with their theses) from the Master of Architecture program to submit proposals for solo and/or group exhibitions based on their graduate work. The students then work closely with gallery staff and faculty to curate a cohesive show. In 2018, the proposal of five friends and I was accepted for a group exhibition that revolved around our theses’ use of photography as an architectural research method. My collection “Now, Toronto,” was a selection of photography from my thesis capturing Elina, Hooman (sometimes as Homa), and Pedram. I met them in Toronto, where I sought them out to teach me about their lives as Iranian lesbian and gay refugees. Their stories became the core of my graduate research, and before we knew it, I was their friend. I meant for these photographs to act as architectural evidence, but they evolved to become a love letter to my new friends. 1
1. Photograph by Fred Hunsberger, UWSA. 2. Photograph by Erin Applebee, Cambridge Art Galleries.
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2
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Installations | Exhibitions
The photography from my thesis were awarded the “Graduate Prize (Creative Project) in Iranian Diaspora Studies� by the Center for Iranian Diaspora Studies at San Fransisco State University in March 2019.
3. Photograph by Fred Hunsberger, UWSA. 4. Photograph by Fred Hunsberger, UWSA. 5. Photograph by Fred Hunsberger, UWSA. 6. Photograph by Fred Hunsberger, UWSA.
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Traces
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Installations | Exhibitions
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Traces
9 7. Elina LR,TB: “Paradise” Winter Night 1 Winter Night 2 Work Break Queen West 8. Hooman LR,TB: Homa is Ready At Home The Luggage from Iran A Couple’s Life 9. Pedram LR,TB: Inhale En Route Toronto’s Back Alleys His Favourite 10. Hooman LR: Refugee Documents Shahrzad Looks On Becoming Homa Photographs by Scott Lee, Cambridge Art Galleries. 10
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Advocacy
TREATY LANDS GLOBAL STORIES (TLGS) Student-run Initiative Advocating for an Inclusive Curriculum
University of Waterloo School of Architecture Fall 2016 - Fall 2017 / Winter 2018 Webpage: waterlooarchitecture.com/bridge/tlgs Facebook: www.facebook.com/tlgs.uwsa Instagram: www.instagram.com/treatylands.globalstories
Treaty Lands, Global Stories (TLGS) is a studentled extracurricular initiative at the University of Waterloo School of Architecture formed in the Fall of 2016 by the three graduate students (Amina Lalor, Samuel Ganton, and myself ). The name speaks to the spatial, political, and cultural context within which we operate here in Canada – a context that is not adequately addressed in the Eurocentric curricula of many Canadian architecture schools. TLGS advocates for greater diversity in the University of Waterloo’s architectural curriculum to reflect the Indigenous heritage of the land on which the school is situated, as well as the diversity within the school’s student body. Working closely with the faculty, administration and the students, our advocacy at UWSA has taken form in many ways. First, we have acted as a platform for the publication of personal essays on our student website. In this way, we have helped communicate the scale and nature of the issues at hand. Second, we have organized events to make 1. “What Binds Us” installation in daylight. Photograph by Amina Lalor.
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space for conversation. Our first event, held in the Fall of 2016, consisted of a wide-ranging discussion inviting students and alumni to share their thoughts on inclusivity within Waterloo Architecture’s curriculum. Later, we collaborated with the school in presenting the Winter 2017 Arriscraft lecture series, entitled “Building on Differences.” Before each lecture, we held informal round table conversations with our guest speakers, centred on ideas of inclusivity. In the same term, “Expansion Pack” was a workshop organized in collaboration with assistant professor Jane Hutton. Students were given a chance to imagine what course syllabi that tackle difficult questions might look like. In September 2017, TLGS represented Waterloo Architecture at the Ontario Association of Architects (OAA) // MOVE Party, with an installation called What Binds Us. In Winter 2018, we were partners at hosting the symposium “Building Common Ground.” During the event, Indigenous and non-Indigenous educators and scholars addressed issues of place-making,
1
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Advocacy
2
acquisition of embodied knowledge through design and hands-on making, and Indigenous conceptions of space and narrative. In the same term, we partnered with the school in the events surrounding the UWSA’s 50th anniversary. We hosted conversations around the 50th gallery exhibition, “Questioning the Canon” and were also featured in the exhibition. Third, TLGS has hoped to act as an educational resource for the students at Waterloo Architecture. Through a partnership with Idea Exchange (Cambridge’s gallery and libraries), we have held seminars, workshops, and other events bridging the community and the school. TLGS has also hosted a documentary film series since Fall 2017. Finally, our work has gone hand in hand with research, both through literature reviews and through conducting a survey on the curricula at Canadian Schools of Architecture. We presented this research at the annual conference of Society
for the Study of Architecture in Canada in 2017. Our paper on this research was published in the JSSAC in March 2019. Throughout our mandate, we have had the support of the faculty and staff at UWSA, which has resulted in many improvements since 2016. As a student organization, we have been participants in bi-weekly meetings with the school’s director, Dr. Anne Bordeleau. Through this partnership, we have voiced out our concerns and suggestions on the school’s curriculum, some of which took the form of a report in Fall 2017. We have also been able to present our research at a faculty meeting at the school. In 2018, TLGS was awarded the University of Waterloo Equity & Inclusivity Award, and the School of Architecture’s Marj Schaefer Award for its contribution to the school. The leadership of Treaty Land Global Stories has since been transferred over to current M.Arch students, who continue advocacy on the students’ behalf.
TLGS’s peer-reviewed published research can be found at: Ganton, Samuel, Amina Lalor, and Paniz Moayeri. “Treaty Lands, Global Stories: Designing an Inclusive Curriculum.” Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada 43, no. 2 (2018): 15. https://doi.org/10.7202/1058036ar.
51
Treaty Lands Global Stories
2. Rethinking the architectural canon and pedagogy is at the core of TLGS’s mandate. This diagram is from our research paper “Treaty Lands, Global Stories: Designing an Inclusive Curriculum,” published in the Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. It is a conceptual illustration of the current model of content inclusion in many architecture school curricula (left) where the Western canon is at the centre of education, in comparison to a potential model (right) where content from different cultures and worldviews hold similar weight. 3. Groups presenting their proposed course syllabi during the “Expansion Pack” syllabi workshop on March 22, 2017. Photograph by Amina Lalor. 4. The opening of UWSA’s 50th anniversary exhibition, “Questioning the Canon,” at Idea Exchange, Design at Riverside. TLGS ran the conversations held with Lori Campbell and Piper Bernbaum as part of the exhibition. The work of TLGS was also featured at “Questioning the Canon.” Photograph by Cherie Fawcett. 5. A gathering of students, staff, and faculty at Waterloo Architecture to discuss the thirty books included in the “What Binds Us” installation on November 9, 2017. Photograph by author.
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Advocacy
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Treaty Lands Global Stories
The Western Canon drives curricula, underlying the selection of books students read year after year. Designed for and installed as the University of Waterloo’s entry at the OAA//MOVE party in September 2017, What Binds Us aimed to challenge this canon. The installation highlighted a selection of thirty books that should not be lost in the education of future architects. Contrasted by a white-on-white encircling list
of canonic architectural titles on the walls, the books were selected from an ongoing project aiming to compile alternative readings for students of architecture. Selected on the basis of suggestions from the Waterloo Architecture community and beyond, and purchased using OAA’s $1000 installation budget, the collection has since been donated to the Musagetes Architecture Library at the University of Waterloo.
6. “What Binds Us” postcard with the list of titles purchased. Designed by Amina Lalor and myself. 7. TLGS stickers on books donated to the library. Photograph by Amina Lalor. 8. Creating the binding, canonic list on the walls. Photograph by Amina Lalor. 9. “What Binds Us” installation at the Ontario Association Of Architects // Move Party on September 15, 2017. Photograph by Amina Lalor.
7
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Work Experience
D’AMBROSIO ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM Student Co-op Position (2013) Junior Designer / Architectural Assistant (2016)
Victoria, BC Canada May - August 2013 January - July 2016
I have had the opportunity to work at DAU on two separate occasions: first, as a third-year co-op student in 2013, and also between my undergraduate and graduate degree programs in 2016. At DAU, I had the benefit of delving into a smaller number of projects with which I could be involved more closely. I participated in design and site meetings with clients, engineers, and other consultants for most of these projects. In 2013, I almost exclusively worked in a small team on the schematic design of a 300,000 SF urban commercial office building (1515 Douglas / 750 Pandora). My continued relationship with DAU in 2016 gave me the opportunity to see this project developed from massing to being constructed. After my return in 2016, I was involved in the schematic design of a number of large scale projects including the Esquimalt Town Centre
redevelopment and the pursuit proposal for a new waste treatment facility at Clover Point (both featured in the following pages). I also worked on public meeting presentation materials for a comprehensive master plan for a neighbourhood of market residential, services, and housing by five non-for-profit organizations (Nigel Valley redevelopment). In addition to these large projects, I was also put in charge of several small projects for which I worked with the principle directly and managed communications. These included several single-family home renovations, a commercial office interior fit-out, and the design of a lane-way house in schematic phases. I also had the opportunity to write an RFQ and work on an RFP for two large scale, urban projects during my time at DAU.
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UP UP
BENCH / STORAGE
MUDROOM LAUNDRY
EAST TERRACE BACK ENTRY
POOL
UP
UP
DRESSING ROOM
BATH MASTER BEDROOM
KITCHEN
GARAGE BEDROOM
SHELVES
ENSUITE
POWDER ROOM
FOYER UP
MAIN ENTRY
PANTRY
DN
OFFICE De
N
c.
ne
Ju
0
5
10 FT
DINING ROOM
FIREPLACE
UP
LIVING ROOM
UP
1:100 SCALE
1
South West Elevation
2
0 5 10
Penzance House Victoria, BC The Penzance House renovation was one of the projects I worked on independently, under the supervision of the principle. Working closely with the clients, I developed different schemes to address the needs of the client for their consideration. 1. Proposed plan overlayed with the demolition plan in dashed blue lines. 2. Proposed elevations 3. Proposed renders All graphics by author.
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Work Experience
1
2
1515 Douglas / 750 Pandora Victoria BC
3
1515 Douglas / 750 Pandora is a 300,000 SF urban commercial office project in downtown Victoria. The project was completed in two phases. Phase one is a twelve-storey office building. The second is a seven-storey building with a public ground level for retail, amenities, and an urban plaza. The upper six levels are dedicated to more office space. In 2013 I worked in a small team on the early stages of the project’s schematic design. I participated in design meetings with clients, engineers, and other
57
consultants. I built physical study models of various scales, focusing on the massing of phase one, and the rotunda interior façade of the second phase. I was also involved in the design of the buildings’ exterior elevations and prepared presentation diagrams and renderings to support the applications for the rezoning and development processes. When I returned to Victoria in 2016, phase one was recently finished with construction, and phase two had just broken ground. My involvement with the project was, as such, reduced, but I was still
D’Ambrosio Architecture + Urbanism
able to help with some interior work for phase two. This work included helping with drafting interior elevations, updating some interior renders to reflect changes during construction, and helping with specifications and choosing finishes. I also worked with the acoustics consultants to create an appropriate digital model of the rotunda space for their calculations. Finally, I had the opportunity to work closely with collaborating artist Bill Porteous to digitally model his vision for a complex, large sculpture – “Contours” – for the public plaza outside the building. We worked side by side, he sketched and created clay maquettes, and I used Rhino and Sketchup to translate his work into a buildable design. The fabricators used the models I created for the creation of the moulds and structural supports needed to build the sculpture. This project has a very special place in my heart, having been able to see it develop from sketches on trace paper to being fully occupied today. In 2016, it was wonderful to ride by the construction site every day on my way to work and see the building process of this project I had been a part of from its earliest stages.
1. Section through the rotunda, drawn in partnership with Nathan Flach. 2. Required bet-back diagrams created as part of the Rezoning / Development Permit process in 2013, drawn in a team with with Nathan Flach and Erica Sangster. 3. Images of the finished Bill Porteous sculpture, “Contours,” which I digitized for fabrication. Top photograph by Bill Porteous, bottom photo by Nathan Flach. 4. Aerial view of the project, looking west. Render done in partnership with Nathan Flach. 5. 2013 render of the arcade along Pandora. Render done in partnership with Nathan Flach. 6. On the left, a 2013 rendering of the rotunda’s view of the City Hall clock tower, on the right, a 2016 render. Renders done in partnership with Nathan Flach. 7. 2013 Rotunda façade study model, created by author.
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Work Experience
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a. Existing Esquimalt Fire Department b. Proposed Commercial / Rental Building c. Proposed Library/ Justice Institute/ Office Building d. Proposed Condominium Tower 1 e. Proposed Condominium Tower 2 f. Proposed
k e
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Town Sq. Lawn g. Existing Esquimalt Town Hall h. Proposed Parking i. Existing Restaurants j. Existing Daycare k. Existing Daycare l. Existing Health Unit m. Memorial Park
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Esquimalt Town Square Esquimalt, Greater Victoria, BC Esquimalt Town Square is the redevelopment of a 150,000 SF mixed-use complex in the Township of Esquimalt in Greater Victoria. The project includes the development of two condominium towers, one rental apartment building, and an institutional building with a public library, the city’s Justice Institute, and office buildings. All buildings are set in Esquimalt’s formal public square, whose redevelopment was also part of our scope. I was involved in this project’s schematic design, creating digital models, renderings, and design visualizations. I worked closely with the principle to develop the façades and massings of the residential buildings and participated in some meetings with the developers.
3 1. Esquimalt City Hall (left), proposed library, Justice Institute, and offices, (middle), and rental apartment (right) at Esquimalt Town Centre 2. Proposed plan 3. Southern entrance to the town square, flanked by two condominium buildings Renders created in a team with Nathan Flach and Josh Harvey.
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D’Ambrosio Architecture + Urbanism
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Clover Point Water Treatment Facility Dallas Rd., Victoria BC After several controversial proposals and during a long (and on-going) political disagreement around water treatment facilities in Greater Victoria, this was a pursuit proposal for a small treatment facility at Clover Point. Working closely with our engineering partners, we developed this scheme in a team of three and submitted it for consideration to Victoria City Council. The design emphasized minimalism, and we did our best to hide the facilities underground, keeping the existing off-leash dog park intact on the site. 1. Looking south from Dallas Road 2. Treatment facility public entrance 3. The facility is designed to be primarily underground as to not disturb the existing park at Clover Point 4. Schematic section through the observation deck into the treatment room Renders created in a team with Nathan Flach, section by author.
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Work Experience
HEITLER HOUSTOUN ARCHITECTS (FORMERLY LACINA HEITLER ARCHITECTS)
Student Co-op Position
New York City, NY USA January - August 2014
I did the 8-month co-op after my third year at Heitler Houstoun Architects (Lacina Heitler Architects at the time), during which I assisted with a variety of active projects in different stages. I also had the chance to follow certain projects through several phases of design. HHA was a fast-paced office with many projects in the air and a great need for flexibility. The eight months exposed me to working on different building types that included: two not-for-profit affordable housing projects, several retail fit-outs, several house renovations, three interior office designs, two restaurant designs, and even a conceptual commercial branding project. I worked closely with senior staff on various drawings and schedules for two major not-forprofit affordable living projects in schematic, design development, and construction document phases (both projects are featured in the following
pages). I worked on adapting two projects (one of which, TOMS Shoes, is featured here) designed remotely to fit within the appropriate codes and energy demands of the NYC building code and prepared documents and drawings for the permit process. I participated in client meetings and worked on schematic design presentations of five house renovation projects. I was also involved with the design development phases of some of these houses. Over my time at HHA, I also had the opportunity to conduct many site visits, where I was involved with site measurements and schedule adjustments. Being involved with several residential, retail, and restaurant renovations also familiarized me with some mill-work practices.
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TOTAL AREA OF WORK: TOTAL CELLAR: 1374.1 SQ. FT.
1
Cellar Construction Plans
87.83'
25
23 EX 26
JUICE REF
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±18'-1121"
9 11'-2"
EX
6
3'-0"
29
SH
37 38
31
R BE EF LO W ES P MA RES CH SO IN E
8
33 ICE
DW
EX
EX
17
29
24
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34
UP
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30"X48" ANSI A.117.1-2009
EXISTING RESTROOM 102
9
60"X56" ANSI A.117.1-2009: FIG 604.3
48"X30" ANSI A.117.1-2009: FIG 306.3
30 40
1 15
25
1
30'-1 1/64"
EX
23
TYP.
32
12 2'-9" EXISTING
5'-4 1/14"
28
EXISTING U.G. #6 STORE 101
DN
18
36
7
39 A TR
ELIZABETH ST.
10 11
22
6'-2 1/2"
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EXISTING U.G. #6 STORE 103
21
MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCE = 92'-4"
20 6
48"X30" ANSI A.117.1-2009: FIG 306.3
6 25
7'-6 1/2"
14
13 31
TYP.
19
POS CASH
27
EX
22
24
5
TYP.
EXISTING RESIDENTIAL LOBBY AREA OF NO WORK
EXISTING PATIO 104 31
23
24 TYP.
ALIGN
32'-0" 19
15 17
5
24 TYP.
17
22 22 23
16
25
PLOTTED ON: 7/23/2019 3:38 PM
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TOTAL AREA OF WORK: INTERIOR: 1144.2 SQ. FT. EXTERIOR: 294.9 SQ. FT. TOTAL FIRST FLOOR: 1439.1 SQ.FT.
2
First Floor Construction Plans
2
3
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TOMS Store, SOHO NYC, NY I was heavily involved in the permit process for TOMS’s first brick and mortar location in SOHO, NYC. HHA acted as architects of record, working closely with TOMS’s internal design team. The work on this fit-out took place as TOMS was launching their coffee brand and as such it was important to create a versatile space acting both as a store for their shoes and sunglasses, but also a coffee shop with work areas. This combination of programming presented some challenges in the permit process. Working under supervision, I acted as the coordinator for the permit drawing set. The work involved drafting most of the drawings, writing schedules and specifications, conducting sites surveys, conducting code research, zoning analysis (including work needed to be compliant with SOHO’s heritage restrictions on the exterior), and conducting the lighting energy calculations based on NYC requirements. 1. Proposed plan submitted for permit 2-5. Photographs from Laura Gurfein’s Racked review of the store (https://ny.racked.com/2015/3/2/8134285/toms-outpost-nyc#7). 6. Photograph by Yelp user Sanchita M (https://www.yelp.ca/biz_ photos/toms-new-york-3?select=BXa144s7JlGGv6SVYyXdNQ).
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Work Experience
1 O
N
12'-321"
M
11'-021"
L
12'-321"
K
11'-021"
J
11'-021"
I
12'-321"
H
12'-321"
G
11'-021"
26'-121" TO PL
F
11'-021"
E
12'-321"
O.1
D
11'-621"
C
A
B
11'-021"
3'-1134"
11'-021"
F.2 11'-721"
621" TO PL
8"
8"
155'-441" BUILDING DIMENSION 104'-421"
Cypress Hills Pitkin Berriman Affordable Housing (Non-profit Sector) Brooklyn, NYC, NY
A.1
B.1 11'-721"
25'-734" TO PL
P 1'-541" TO PL
47'-0"
1
8"
12'-4" 2
24'-5"
8" 2.1
8'-2"
2.2
SEE A.620
SEE A.619
HVI
4 6'-721"
5
4.1
6 7 7'-921"
VA
8
SEE A.621
1'-8"
VA
1 / A.750 133'-234"
9
SEE A.621
10
SEE A.621
7.1
UNIT F-A ACCESSIBLE 1 BR 697 SF
8.1
UNIT G TYPE B 2 BR 862 SF
1'-0"
UNIT H TYPE B 1 BR 655 SF
8'-721"
10'-321"
9'-321"
8
SEE A.616
UNIT I TYPE B 1 BR 655 SF
9.1
9
6'-021"
7'-921"
7
UNIT E-A ACCESSIBLE 3 BR 1221 SF UNIT J TYPE B 1 BR 655 SF
621" TO PL
10
5'-734"
SEE A.951
30"X48" AREA OF REFUGE
3
1'-121"
8"
STAIR B
6.1
SEE A.202
9'-281"
1 / A.752
COMMON CORRIDOR 809 SF
48'-10"
74'-11"
SEE A.955
SEE A.950 2 / A.752
5
5.5
5'-734"
2'-978" 2'-978"
6 9'-281"
STAIR A 62'-7" BUILDING DIMENSION
10'-281"
ELEVATOR
1'-1081"
74'-11" BUILDING DIMENSION
3.2
6'-921" 4
30"X48" AREA OF REFUGE
3.1
SEE A.611
6'-921"
DWELLING UNITS SEE ENLARGED PLANS A.610-626
10'-281"
SEE A.611
9'-321"
SEE A.610
UNIT C TYPE B 2 BR 851 SF
9.1
UNIT B TYPE B 2 BR 851 SF
621" TO PL 1'-8"
2.1
3
10'-1121"
SEE A.612
UNIT A TYPE B 2 BR 873 SF
10'-1121"
UNIT D TYPE B 3 BR 1230 SF
8"
2
12'-4"
12'-4"
1.1
1.1
8"
1
1 / A.751
22'-121" 155'-441" BUILDING DIMENSION 3'-641"
11'-721" O.1 1'-541"
TO PL P
2
9'-021"
F.1 12'-321"
11'-021"
12'-321"
O
P
N
O
1'-541" TO PL
12'-321"
11'-021" M
N 11'-021"
L
M 12'-321"
11'-021"
12'-321" J
K
L 11'-021"
12'-321"
K
11'-021" I
H
J
11'-021"
12'-321"
I 12'-321"
H
D.1
8"
C.1
A.1
34'-1021" G
11'-021"
641"
8"
E.1
11'-021"
G
E
F
11'-021"
D
C
D
E
12'-321"
11'-621"
B
C
11'-721"
621" TO PL A
B
11'-021"
A 3'-1134"
11'-021"
F.2
O.1
3'-1134"
11'-021"
F
B.1 11'-721"
621" TO PL
A.1 8"
8"
14 EXPANSION JOINT
TOP OF PARAPET EL. +84'-6" (+110.75')
15 LINE OF BRICK SHELF BULKHEAD EL. +83'-2" (+109.42')
2 TOP OF PARAPET EL. +78'-4" (+104.58')
SEVENTH FLOOR ROOF EL. +73'-11" (+100.17')
8
2 A2
TOP OF PARAPET EL. +68'-3" (+94.50')
A2
A2
A1
A1
A2
1
SEVENTH FLOOR EL. +65'-0" (+91.25')
2
SIXTH FLOOR ROOF EL. +63'-11" (+90.17')
5 A2
A1
A
A2
A1
A
A1
A2
A1
A
A1
A2
A1
A
A1
A2
A1
A
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
SIXTH FLOOR EL. +55'-0" (+81.25')
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
14
A1
14
B
A1
A1
B
A1
A1
A1
B
A1
A1
A1
B
A1
A1
A1
B
A1
14
14
14
9 9
FIFTH FLOOR EL. +45'-0" (+71.25')
FOURTH FLOOR EL. +35'-0" (+61.25')
10
THIRD FLOOR EL.+25'-0" (+51.25')
SECOND FLOOR EL. +15'-0" (+41.25')
ADJACENT BUILDING
4
FIRST FLOOR EL. +1'-6" (+27.75') FIRST FLOOR EL. +0'-6" (+26.75')
D
D
6
D
7 11"
FIRST FLOOR EL. +0'-0" (+26.25') CRAWL SPACE EL. -3'-6" (+22.75')
10'-1021"
3
13
TYP.
15
3 1. Updated render, by author. 2. Second floor key plan from the DOB Resubmission drawing set. 3. South exterior elevation from the DOB Resubmission drawing set.
63
Pitkin Berriman was one of two major projects at HHA working with the Brooklyn-based non-profit Cypress Hills. Serving a population of over 75,000, they act as a local development corporation to “revitalize and improve” the ethnically diverse neighbourhood of Cypress Hills against challenges that include gentrification. The Pitkin Berriman Housing project is a seven-storey (75,953 SF) affordable housing building with retail on the ground floor. I joined the team as several challenges surrounding the modular structure of the project had resulted in a need for a redesign. So the projected reverted back to schematic design before we could move back to updating the construction documents in the latter half of my time at HHA for resubmission to the Department of Building. I was involved in the schematic redesign of the units and the overall plan and elevation readjustments that had to take place. I worked as a drafter for the drawing set, and worked on some schedule coordinations under supervision. I also updated the old renders of the project.
Heitler Houstoun Architects
KEY PLAN KEYN ACCESSIBLE
HVI
HEARING AND
VA
VISUAL ALAR UFAS 4.28.4
1 LINE OF SECOND
2 LINE OF RETAINI
1 212'-741" BLDG DIM.
Cypress Hills Senior Housing (Non-profit Sector) Brooklyn, NYC, NY
2'-541"
210'-241" 35'-1021" 5'-8"
4'-4"
4'-8"
8'-0"
6'-4"
6'-4"
4'-4"
7'-8"
4'-8"
4'-8"
7'-4"
7'-8"
6'-4"
6'-4"
4'-4"
7'-8"
3 1 4'-4" 3'-74" 4'-44"
4'-4"
8'-0"
6'-4"
A
26'-2" 6'-4"
4'-4"
7'-8"
8'-0"
4'-4"
4'-4"
3'-821"
6'-4"
7'-4"
B
UNIT J 538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
UNIT K
4'-4"
UNIT H 538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
26'-634"
532 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
5'-321"
25'-021"
5'-341"
13'-741"
5'-341"
18'-741"
UNIT P
UNIT N
UNIT M
UNIT L
535 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
537 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
13'-1134"
UNIT Q 546 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
STAIR B
KEY PLAN NOTE 1.
SEE DRAWING A. DRAWING G.000-G CONSTRUCTION DO NOT SCALE D DIMENSIONS. LA PRECEDENCE OV CONTRACTOR SH IF ANY +/- DIMENS ARCHITECT BEFO SEE A.960 SERIES RATING AT DEMIS ALL DIMENSIONE CMU DIMENSIONS
SEE A.951
2'-421" 4'-4"
15'-621"
SEE A.950
15'-621"
17'-521"
14'-1021" 26'-634"
STAIR A
7'-421"
4'-4"
SEE A.955
UNIT A 560 SQ. FT. (ACCESSIBLE) 1 BR
ELEVATOR
UNIT B 536 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
2"
13'-721"
3'-5"
5'-321"
1 3'-4" 22"
25'-034"
5'-341"
1'-334"
7'-821"
2'-721" 5'-9"
7'-0"
18'-834"
3'-641" 5'-121"
8'-341"
TRASH
1'-134"
5'-441"
19'-9"
2. 7'-10"
4'-1134"
3'-841"
6'-6" 11'-621"
56'-10" BLDG DIM.
543 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
1 / A.751
544 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
14'-1021"
UNIT G
544 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
16'-121"
UNIT F
6'-141"
56'-10" BLDG DIM.
UNIT E
2 / A.751
20'-634"
30'-341"
(TYPE B) 2 BR
UNIT D
16'-121"
16'-121"
4'-4"
7'-421"
5'-421"
1 A.752
UNIT C 830 SQ. FT.
3.
4.
SEE A.960
5.
B
A
KEY PLAN KEYN 7'-4"
3 1 4'-4" 3'-64" 3'-14"
6'-4"
25'-434"
8'-4"
4'-10"
4'-4"
9'-10"
26'-1141"
9'-1041"
4'-4"
4'-934"
4'-8"
7'-8"
6'-4"
6'-4"
4'-4"
24'-041"
3 1 4'-4" 3'-74" 4'-44"
7'-8"
7'-8"
4'-4"
6'-4"
4'-4"
49'-934"
6'-4"
1 1 4'-4" 3'-62" 4'-52" 4'-4"
8'-0"
B
6'-4"
A
3'-10"
7'-8"
49'-234"
3'-421"
6'-4"
ACCESSIBLE
26'-2"
201'-621"
2'-541"
8'-721"
HVI
HEARING AN
VA
VISUAL ALAR UFAS 4.28.4
212'-741" BLDG DIM.
1 LINE OF SECOND SEE A.220 FOR SOUTH PLAN
SEE A.221 FOR CENTER PLAN
2 LINE OF RETAIN
SEE A.222 FOR NORTH PLAN
2 187'-921" BLDG DIM. 174'-1021"
12'-11"
49'-234"
PLOTTED ON: 7/18/2014 6:17 PM
99'-6" 6'-0"
OPENINGS AT 3RD AND 5TH FLOORS
1
5'-241"
OPENINGS AT 4TH FLOOR
4'-8"
6'-4"
8'-0"
6'-4"
8'-4"
6'-4"
5'-8"
6'-4"
4'-4"
5'-8"
7'-8"
4'-8"
7'-4"
4'-8"
6'-4"
7'-8"
8'-4"
6'-4"
6'-4"
5'-8"
6'-4"
4'-4"
7'-8"
6'-0"
3 1 4'-4" 3'-74" 4'-44"
4'-4"
8'-0"
6'-4"
26'-2"
8'-4"
6'-4"
6'-4"
5'-8"
6'-4"
4'-4"
7'-8"
5'-4"
8'-0"
4'-4"
4'-4"
6'-4"
6'-4"
7'-4"
5'-821"
0
OPENINGS AT 3RD AND 5TH FLOORS
8'
3'-821"
16'
24'
OPENINGS AT 4TH FLOOR
2ND FLOOR KEY PLAN
N
3/32" = 1'-0"
UNIT K 538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
25'-034"
5'-341"
5'-321"
13'-721"
5'-321"
25'-021"
5'-341"
13'-741"
5'-341"
18'-741"
2"
7'-821"
2'-721" 5'-9"
1 3'-4" 22"
7'-0"
3'-841"
3'-641" 5'-121"
UNIT M
UNIT L
538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
537 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
1.
4'-4"
SEE A.951
OPENINGS AT 3RD AND 5TH FLOORS
5'-8"
6'-4"
8'-4"
4'-4"
4'-10"
9'-10"
4'-4"
6'-6"
9'-1041"
4'-934"
4'-8"
7'-8"
5'-8" 24'-041"
27'-6"
4. 5.
B
A
6'-4"
2.
3.
2'-421"
TRASH
3'-8"
KEY PLAN NOTE
STAIR B
SEE A.960
OPENINGS AT 4TH FLOOR
18'-834"
18'-834"
UNIT N 538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
1'-134"
UNIT P 535 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
2'-4"
7'-10"
26'-634"
UNIT Q 546 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
15'-621"
SEE A.950
7'-421"
4'-4"
STAIR A
15'-621"
SEE A.955
UNIT A 560 SQ. FT. (ACCESSIBLE) 1 BR
ELEVATOR
14'-1021"
634"
8'-341"
6'-141"
3'-4"
56'-10" BLDG DIM.
6'-6" 6'-334"
56'-10" BLDG DIM.
UNIT J 538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
4'-4"
UNIT H 538 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
26'-634"
UNIT G 532 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
1 / A.751
UNIT F 543 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
14'-1021"
UNIT E 544 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
16'-121"
UNIT D 544 SQ. FT. (TYPE B) 1BR
16'-121"
2ND FLOOR ROOF BELOW
16'-8"
30'-341"
4'-4"
7'-421"
5'-421"
1 A.752
2 / A.751 6'-4"
6'-4"
4'-4"
8'-4"
6'-4"
6'-4"
7'-8"
3 1 4'-4" 3'-74" 4'-44"
5'-8"
49'-934"
4'-4"
7'-8"
5'-8"
6'-4"
6'-4"
4'-4"
8'-4" 49'-234"
6'-4"
6'-4"
8'-0"
6'-0"
1 1 4'-4" 3'-62" 4'-52" 4'-4"
7'-8"
5'-8"
6'-4"
6'-4"
3'-421"
OPENINGS AT 4TH FLOOR
5'-421"
OPENINGS AT 3RD AND 5TH FLOORS
26'-2"
176'-821"
2'-541"
8'-721" 187'-921" BLDG DIM.
SEE A.230 FOR SOUTH PLAN
SEE A.231 FOR CENTER PLAN
SEE A.232 FOR NORTH PLAN
3
PLOTTED ON: 7/18/2014 6:18 PM
The second HHA project for Cypress Hills, this building focused on affordable housing for seniors. It was also the project I spent the most time on during my time at HHA. I was involved in the design development and construction documents phases of this fivestorey, 47,686 SF project until its submission to the Department of Buildings. I worked on the design development of the fifty-four residential units in the building. This included the design of four fully “handicap” and two “visual hearing impaired” units based on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the New York City Building Code (NYCBC) standards. I was also involved in the design of the building’s elevations and some massing changes during the design development phase. I worked on various drawings, specifications, and schedules during the CD phase of the project. I also created new renders of the project.
49'-234"
98'-1141" 3 1 4'-4" 3'-44" 4'-72"
7'-0"
A
6'-4"
B
4'-934"
1. Building render, by author. 2. Second floor key plan from the CD, DOB Submission drawing set. 1 3. 3-5th floor key plan from the CD, DOB Submission drawing set. 3-5TH FLOOR KEY PLAN
64
0
8'
16'
24'
N 3/32" = 1'-0"
SEE DRAWING A DRAWING G.000CONSTRUCTION DO NOT SCALE D DIMENSIONS. LA PRECEDENCE O CONTRACTOR S IF ANY +/- DIMEN ARCHITECT BEF SEE A.960 SERIE RATING AT DEMI ALL DIMENSIONE CMU DIMENSION
Work Experience
PERKINS + WILL (FORMERLY PRINGLE BRANDON PERKINS + WILL)
Student Co-op Position
Dubai, Emirate of Dubai, UAE September - December 2013
I worked at Pringle Brandon Perkins + Will (now Perkins + Will Dubai) during my second co-op term, just as Pringle Brandon had been acquired by Perkins + Will. The firm was undergoing a lot of change during my time there. This resulted in a wonderfully intense work experience during which I learned a lot about interior office design. I assisted several senior architects and the design director on a variety of active projects to cover most aspects related to the RIBA stages. These included working on the offices of several large corporations in Dubai, including Google, Johnson&Johnson (for which I worked on the presentation to secure the job), and CBRE. I prepared information related to building surveys and site measurements, concept designs, detail designs, signage and way-finding, and conducted administrative tasks related to each project. While working on a large undertaking to renovate and refurbish six municipal office buildings in
Abu Dhabi, I directed CAD staff in preparing documentation and drawings for a series of building analyses. I also reviewed surveys taken from the client’s employees to assess the schematic needs of the project and working closely with the design director, helped with the development of a course of action. The high workload in the office at the time resulted in me being assigned to work on several small projects independently under the design director’s supervision. I researched local art and prepared a proposal for the signage design, art and styling to complete a project for a Global Oil & Gas company in Sowwah Square. Working under supervision, I also prepared creative concept designs for a F&B project for Dolphin Energy (featured here). I also worked independently on concept designs for the newly expanding offices of Perkins + Will in Dubai and the interior refurbishing of two other medium-sized offices.
65
1
691
800
GYPSUM BULKHEAD 2400MM FFL
2290
661
CC
SECT
SECT
BB
2175
BB
SECT
50
800
SECT
100
AA
WALNUT VENEER FINISH MAGAZINE RACK
600
267
661
367 100
661
367
1300
SECT
267
100
663
100 267
980
663
PIN BOARD MATERIAL COLOUR TBC TO BE FIXED AT WALL
100
267
100
20
659
802
702
802
661
CC
773
50
445
445
810
1100
40
DOUBLE SWING DOORS TO THE SERVING AREA ON 180 DEGREE SWING HINGES.
900
773
2 02
SECTION BB
01
Dolphin Energy Plant Cafeteria Emirate of Dubai, UAE
SECTION AA
Scale: 1:20
02
Scale: 1:20
DOOR TO STORE ROOM
702
This was an F&B project for the oil company Dolphin Energy. Pringle Brandon Perkins + Will had previously worked on Dolphin Energy’s offices. The renovation of this small cafeteria at one of their oil rigs was later added to the scope and handed off to me. Under supervision, I took the project from concept design all the way through construction drawing stages. I directed the visualization team to create the render necessary and with assistance from senior staff, drew mill-work construction details needed for pricing.
PIN BOARD MATERIAL FOR POSTERS. COLOUR TBC. FOR THE SIZE OF THE BOARD, REFER TO SECTION AA ON DRAWING PBA-212447-TWL-GF-03
BUILT-IN FRIDGE WITHOUT FREEZER COMMERCIAL OPTION.
Magazine Rack
COLD DISPLAY CUSTOM-MADE TO FIT DIMENSIONS AS SHOWN. ON GA PLAN DRAWING NUMBER, PBA-212447-TWL-GF-02
954
SINK WITH DRAIN
20
STORAGE ABOVE WITH MENU DISPLAY ON THE FRONT
36
WALNUT VENEER FINISH MAGAZINE RACK
328 36
980
328 36 328 36
HARD HAT STORAGE RACKS
328
36
328
GARBAGE/ RECYCLING UNDERNEATH
36
Espresso Machine
BUILT-IN FRIDGE (COMMERCIAL OPTION) WITH GLASS FRONT AT THE BOTTOM WITH PRINGLE BRANDON LLC POMICROWAVE BOX 113324 BURDUBAI DUBAI UAE BUILT-IN ON TOP Registered office in England and Wales No: OC312307 3 Boyne Park Tunbridge Wells Kent TN4 8EN
391
600
FIXED TO THE WALL DIRECTLY TO APPROVED SAMPLE
50
900
SERVING AREA
DISHWASHER UNDER THE COUNTER
WARMER DRAWERS AT THE BOTTOM WITH BUILT-IN MICROWAVE ON TOP WOODEN WALL SLATS
66
03
© PRINGLE BRANDON LLP
FABRIC PANEL
1. Render done by the visualization group in the office who worked under my guidance and supervision to create this image. 2. Seating booth and kitchen section/elevations, by author. 3. Proposed plan, by author.
WOODEN WALL SLATS
BUILT IN BOOTH SEATING
50
1100
1300
AA SECT
2290
SECTION CC Scale: 1:20
WOODEN SLATS WITH STAINLESS STEEL HOOKS FOR HARD HAT STORAGE, HOOKS ARE FIXED TO THE WALL BETWEEN WOODEN SLOTS.
WOODEN WALL SLATS
MAIN ENTRANCE
3
SECTI
Research
THE USE OF COLLECTIVE MEMORY IN TEHRAN’S BEHESHT-E ZAHRA CEMETERY AS A TOOL FOR PROPAGANDA Published Architectural Research
Initial research done for the 4B course ARCH 442, Modernisms: 20th Century Culture and Criticism, taught by Dr. Erica AllenKim in Spring/Summer 2015.
I further developed the paper after graduation and presented it at the First International Funerary Architecture Symposium: City of the Dead / City of the Living in Ravenna, Italy in October 2015. The paper was published in in N_BO, the e-journal of the Department of Architecture of the University of Bologna in December 2015. Complete text and all graphics to be found at https://in_bo.unibo.it/article/view/6088
Paper’s Abstract
1. Behesht-e Zahra Cemetery and its context in Greater Tehran.
Behesht-e Zahra, Tehran’s only active cemetery for Muslims of the city, has rapidly grown in its mere forty years of operation. Despite its significant distance to the urban fabric, it is nonetheless present in the lives of all Iranians who see the cemetery reflected in the media as a location of high importance to the Islamic Republic. By housing the martyrs of the regime as well the burial of Ayatollah Khomeini on its grounds, this cemetery has evolved to use pre-existing cultural practices and beliefs to allow for the viewing of secular deaths through a lens of political religion. This paper chronicles how the theocratic government of the Islamic Republic uses the longstanding traditions of martyrdom and pilgrimage as government practice, assimilating them into the modern Iranian life at Behest-e Zahra.
67
Conception
Early Revolution
Late Revolution Early Post Revolution
Iran-Iraq War
Early Post War Ayatollah Khomeini’s Death
Early 1990s
a
hr Za e t sh ay he ssw Be pre Ex
m
o -Q an r h y Te wa w ess e r N p Ex
Expansion Phase 1 1997 - 2008
.
m Rd
n-Qo
ehra
Old T
Expansion Phase 2 2010 - Present
Feb 1, 1979 - Khomeini Returns | Speech at Behesht-e Zahra Feb 11, 1979 - Amry declares neutrality | Monarchy Falls March 31, 1979 - Referendum | Islamic Republic is Formed
June 28, 1981 Bombing at Islamic Republic Party H.Q.
Sept 8, 1978 - Black Friday
Siyâvash Arash the Archor Karbala (Oct 10, 680 AD)
Revolution
July 31, 1987 Mecca Martyrs
June 3, 1989 Ayatollah Khomeini Dies
1978-1981 1966 Initial Planning June 3, 1963 Khomeini Speech June 5, 1963 Khomeini Exile
1970 Cemetery Opens
Early Revolution
Late Revolution + Early Post Revolution
Pre Revolution
Iran-Iraq War
Before 1978
Sept 22,1980 - Aug 20, 1988
2. Behesht-e Zahra’s development overtime.
68
Early Post War Post War 1988 - Present
Feb 15, 2005 Ark Mosque Fire December 6, 2005 C-130 Flight Crash
May 18, 2015 - Bodies of 175 Divers of War are Buried At Behesht-e Zahra Sept 24, 2015 - Hajj Stampede in Mecca Fall 2015 - Military Deaths in Syria Expansion Phase 2 2010-Present
Expansion Phase 1 1997-2008 Controversial Presidential Elections 12 June 2009
Research
YOUR PASSPORT DOESN’T WORK HERE : Asylum, Space, and Iranian Queer Heritage
M.Arch Thesis Research University of Waterloo School of Architecture
Supervisor: Dr. Anne Bordeleau Waterloo Committee Members: Donald McKay & Dr. Corey Johnson External Reviewer: Dr. Ruba Kana’an September 2016 - January 2019
Full text is available upon request. Thesis Abstract The OED defines heritage as “that which has been or may be inherited,” implying a linear succession through generations. But what constitutes heritage in the LGBTQ+ community, where marginalization has defined life experiences for centuries? Unlike race, religion, or other ostracizing societal factors, gender identity and sexual orientation are not always passed down to children from their parents. For as long as society has marginalized queer individuals, spaces formed around their isolated social existences have acted as classrooms and battlegrounds. In these spaces, queer heritage has passed down through generations as lessons on survival, struggle, and resilience. It can be argued that initial locations for queer gathering (bathhouses, cruising grounds, hidden bars, etc.) created places of nurture, but also of segregation – a closeting that can be detrimental to the progression desired by contemporary gay rights movements. In other words, these spaces have acted like Foucauldian heterotopias: at once apart from, and yet mirroring the realities of the societies they belong to. The question of their heritage is similarly paradoxical: at once taking
69
us back to the segregated closet, and yet acting as homes to the queer culture born around oppression and resilience. The challenge in defining relationships between queer space, the closet, and queer heritage is heightened in the Iranian LGBTQ+ diaspora. Legal, cultural, and political conditions of recent decades have resulted in a growing number of Iranians seeking asylum in the West on account of their sexual orientations or gender identities. These exiled individuals are now the custodians of a heritage they build on while scattered around the world. How can queer heritage, so reliant on space, be detected in this displaced community? Is this a heritage to aspire to, given its often closeted nature? The spaces serving the Iranian LGBTQ+ community in Iran, in transitional countries like Turkey, and in Western destinations like Canada, reflect the life experiences of their users. By looking at case studies of these spaces, Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here challenges the concept of heritage in queer communities, while examining its relationship to space.
My thesis explores the above questions in three parts. The following pages contain a few samples of analytical drawings and maps from each part.
Tehran: Pretence Part One
Turkey: Purgatory Part Two
Toronto: Arrival Part Three
70
Research
Tehran: Pretence Part One
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
In a country like Iran, where many every-day activities like drinking, dancing, or socializing with members of the opposite sex are considered illegal, or at the very least are heavily regulated, queer spaces fall under a larger category of counter-cultural spaces. To get around many of these restrictions, Iranians have devised different spatial practices to cope. In this context, private spaces are made more public and public space is used as an extension of the private. But public space does not give agency to the actors other than through providing real-estate. Cruising grounds for men seeking men are the only examples of queer space I have been able to identify in Tehran that distinguish themselves in their public nature. The first part of my thesis uses the cruising grounds in Central Tehran as a case-study of queer space and its relationship to queer heritage in Iran. Through mapping exercises and interviews, I conclude that Tehran’s cruising spaces differentiate themselves from the city’s other spaces of counter-culture in four main ways, allowing for them to function as equitable public queer spaces. 1. First, they inherently operate on a different scale of illegality and public disapproval. This fact automatically politicizes cruising by the small minority who practice it. Cruising
becomes a commentary on both the legal and social norms of society. 2. Second, the city’s cruising spaces are all located in Central Tehran, in the city’s most cosmopolitan neighbourhood, housing many who have historically been marginalized by society. The location makes the area accessible to those in diverse socio-economic classes from different neighbourhoods, while the variety of programs in the area becomes more permitting of LGBTQ+ activity. 3. Third, this central location dictates certain patterns on the traffic and the closure of programs in the area, creating a daily rhythm in this neighbourhood perfect for cruising at night. The streets get deserted once the stores and offices close at night, just as the traffic regulations are lifted, and the public is allowed to drive into Central Tehran. 4. Finally, the built environments of the parks and overpasses in this neighbourhood further work in the shadows to foster hidden spaces for cruising. The human scale of the sidewalks and the street furniture facilitate the pedestrian cruisers while the wide infrastructural streets and the network of roads aid the drivers as they look for partners, allowing for continuous inconspicuous looping. The following two spreads include a small selections of mapping exercises done for the case study of Tehran’s cruising spaces.
1. Pedestrian Cruising, depicted here outside the steps of the 13th of Aban Pharmacy. 2. Autol-zani or autol-zadan, depicted here along Karim Khan Zand Blvd. In this form of cruising with a car, the driver loops around the cruising area, using his vehicle’s speed and flashing low beams to indicate interest at pedestrians. After a connection has been made, a conversation through the window of the car can take place, resulting in the pedestrian leaving with the driver. Due to the pedestrian-friendly, and yet arterial nature of the roads in Central Tehran, autol-zani has become one of the most common ways of male cruising in Tehran.
71
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
72
Research
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Restaurant / Catering Ice cream Parlour Grocery Store Confectionery / Bakery Café
Food Establishments On a Week Day
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Solid lines indicate that all mapped establishments in the indicated category are open. Dashed lines indicate that some establishments in the indicated category are open.
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Services / Offices On a Week Day
Ad Agency Association / Union Bank Bank ATM Media / Publishers Government Office Engineering Firm Hair Dresser Misc. Private/ Corprate Companies (various fields)
3. Program closures and rhythms of Karim Khan Zand Blvd. in Central Tehran
73
Public Toilet Technology / Electronics Office Insurance Company Law Firm Post/Courrier Office Physician Offices Pharmacy Police
Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here
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Commercial Establishments On a Week Day
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Bookstore / Publishing House
Home Goods / Home Repair Supplies
Camera Store
Jewelry / Watch Store
Carpet Store
Technology / Electronics Women's Clothing / Manteaux Store Hotel/hostel Student Dormitory
Clothing (General) Crafts (Sanaye Dasti) Department Store Educational / Office Supplies
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Church Mosque
Religious/Cultural Establishments On a Week Day
Art Gallery Cultural Centre Museum Performing Arts Theatre
74
The GIS data for the following maps was created by the author using Google Maps and the websites of the mapped establishments. Please note that Thursdays are not treated the same by all the establishments in the area. Some take it off and treat it as part of a two-day weekend, and most treat it as a half-day. As well, the Armenian-owned businesses in the area usually take Sundays off and treat Saturday as a half-day. Please also note that the mapped establishments are merely a fraction of the establishments on Karim Khan Zand Blvd., and represent the information that was available to the author at the time of this writing.
Research
Tehran’s arteries for male cruising – Karim Khan Zand Blvd., Hafez Ave., and Enghelab St. – all operate on both the pedestrian scale and the infrastructural scale of the roads. They are four to six lanes wide, often with medians in the centre. In many ways, these roads were designed for cars. All three of these roads have overpasses for fast-moving traffic. The road network they connect to allows for plenty of opportunities to loop the streets while going on autol-zani. Karim Khan Zand Blvd., for example, connects two central nodes: Haft-e Tir Sq. and Valiasr Sq. The ability to loop around between these two squares while looking for a pedestrian cruiser is crucial to the practice of autol-zani. Once the driver spots someone desirable, the side streets
allow a fast change in direction to reach the individual. The empty streets at night allow for fast-moving cars. They also allow for quick deceleration so the driver can interact with pedestrians. The drawings on this spreads (calculated using ArcGIS) indicate the number of full loops a car can make between Haft-e Tir Sq. and Valiasr Sq. at different times during the day as a pedestrian makes their way from one square to another with three possible ranges of speed (indicated in different colours). They confirm the hours of cruising at night that also correlate with rhythms found on the street from earlier mapping exercises.
1. Regular Day time traffic, driving on the overpass
4. Night time cruising driving speed, driving on the overpass
2. Gridlock Traffic, driving on the overpass
5. Regular Day time traffic, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and on the overpass on the southern lane (The lanes underneath the overpass are one way, westbound.)
3. Night time traffic, driving on the overpass
6. Gridlock Traffic, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and on the overpass on the southern lane (The lanes underneath the overpass are one way, westbound.)
4. Road systems and the architectonics of cruising
75
Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here
Driving Speeds
Pedestrian Speeds
7. Night time traffic, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and on the overpass on the southern lane (The lanes underneath the overpass are one way, westbound.)
10. Gridlock Traffic, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and through side streets in the south, to avoid the one way portion of the street under the overpass. This is just one of many ways individuals could make a quick loop.
8. Night time cruising driving speed, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and on the overpass on the southern lane (The lanes underneath the overpass are one way, westbound.)
11. Night time traffic, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and through side streets in the south, to avoid the one way portion of the street under the overpass. This is just one of many ways individuals could make a quick loop.
9. Regular Day time traffic, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and through side streets in the south, to avoid the one way portion of the street under the overpass. This is just one of many ways individuals could make a quick loop.
12. Night time cruising driving speed, driving under the overpass on the northern lane and through side streets in the south, to avoid the one way portion of the street under the overpass. This is just one of many ways individuals could make a quick loop.
76
Protests in Iran
Research June 2009 Feb 2011
High Number ofAsylum Seekers & Refugees
Wave 3
Green Movement
Most in Wave 3 Leave Iran with the Intention of Immigration
JUNE 3, 1989
Ayatollah Khomeini Dies, Ayatollah Khamenei Becomes Supreme Leader
Wave 2
NOV4 1979 Jan 20, 1980
Highly Educated & Skilled Professionals Iran’s “Brain Drain”
Iran - Iraq War
Hostage Crisis
April 1, 1979 Islamic Republic Established
Part Two
The second part of my thesis deals with queer Iranian asylum seekers and refugees in transit. As indicated by the map to the right, Iran is in a particularly interesting position both as a very large host to, and a significant source of, displaced people in the world. I explore how the “refugee rights regime” uses spatial definitions to control displaced LGBTQ+ individuals and limit their rights (internationally, regionally, and on the scale of nations), and how in return, Iranian LGBTQ+ asylum seekers and refugees use their own spaces to fight this hegemony. Suspension of Rights Internationally As visualized in the following spread, four international legal spatial practices result in the restrictions that contribute to the concentration of Iranian LGBTQ+ asylum seekers in Turkey: 1. anti-Iranian visa policies restrict legal arrival in Western countries; 2. laws like the Dublin Regulation create further hurdles in the process of asylum-seeking in Europe; 3. stricter, and arguably less fair, European Refugee Determination Process standards limit the chances of LGBTQ+ asylum seekers; 4. and certain European practices result in difficult living conditions while waiting as asylum seekers in Europe.
Space and Stripping of Rights in Turkey Once in Turkey, the suspension of human rights for displaced individuals takes place in two main ways. First, Turkey does not grant equal rights to all asylum seekers, basing the ability to claim asylum in the country entirely on the asylum seekers’ country of origin. Second, those seeking asylum in Turkey are sent to ‘open’ asylumaccepting provinces, without their choice. Refugees and asylum seekers in Turkey all experience a suspension of rights, but clear markers of queer identities elevate instances of assault and reduce opportunities for work and housing, especially in the small provincial towns the asylum seekers are sent to. Homeplaces of Resistance As international and Turkish laws use spatial control to strip individuals of their rights, it is smaller spaces that become homeplaces in which the hegemony can be fought. This resistance takes shape by each individual, expressed in their immediate personal space. It takes place in private spaces, often in domestic settings shared among groups of asylum seekers who rely on each other for support. Finally, it finds itself in public life, online or on the dance floors, tattoo parlours, and streets of big cities like Ankara and Istanbul.
Wave 1
Most Saw their Move as Temporary Until Political Unrest Subsided
Turkey: Purgatory
5
August 1953 Mohammad Mosaddegh is overthrown in a US/UK backed coup
5. Time-line of events in modern Iranian history and their correlation with different waves of migration out of Iran. 6. The biggest hosts and producers of displaced people in the world. Raw data taken from the UNHCR statistics database.
77
Refugee Population by Country or Territory of Asylum (host countries to refugees) Top 10 host nations marked on the map 4.5 M
4M
3.5 M
3M
2.5 M
2M
1.5 M
1M
0.5 M
0 1990
1995
2000
2005
Iran is currently the origin country for the fifth largest asylum seeker population while remaining amongst the top ten hosts to refugees world-wide.
2010
2015
Turkey 3.5M
Jordan 2.9M
West Bank & Gaza 2.2M
Lebanon 1.5M Pakistan 1.4M Uganada 1.4M Iran 979,435 Germany 970,302 Bangladesh 932,209 Sudan 906,585
2017
Origin Countries of Displaced People Top 10 origin nations of refugees, asylum seekers, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) are marked in their corespondong colours Numbers include Refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returnees (refugees and IDPs), stateless persons, and others of concern to UNHCR by origin, mid-2017
Organized in decending order of refugee numbers from each country
* More than two-thirds (68%) of all refugees worldwide came from these five nations. Refugees & people in refugee-like situations Asylum-seekers Returned refugees IDPs protected/assisted by UNHCR, incl. people in IDP-like situations Returned IDP Others of concern to UNHCR 12 M
11 M
10 M
9M
8M
78
7M
6
6M
5M
4M
2M
1.5M
1M
0.5M
0
2.5 M
Uganda Georgia Libya Cameroon Azerbaijan Honduras Yemen Serbia & Kosovo IR. Iran Sri Lanka Pakistan Mali Ukraine China Nigeria Rwanda Viet Nam Iraq Burundi Eritrea Colombia Central African Rep. DR of the Congo Sudan Myanmar * Somalia * South Sudan * Afghanistan * Syrian Arab Rep. *
79
Voluntary Repatriation
The above countries are signatories to resettlement agreements with the UNHCR but not every society is seen as a good destination for LGBT refugees. The countries marked in white, in addition to occasional Scandinavian hosts, have received Iranian LGBT refugees referred to them by the UNHCR in the past. But today, most have closed their doors. Australia, New Zealand Japan, Republic of Korea
Asia Oceania
Smuggling into Europe
Local Integration
Countries where UNHCR does RSD (as of 2017), with large populations of Iranians asylum seekers
Since Iranian LGBT refugees would face similar oppressions in Turkey as with Iran, local integration is This not a viable option is option. usually applicable to refugees who have left war zones or other disasters with an end in sight. Since the oppression Iranian refugees face has no end in sight, this is not an Resetoption for most. tled refugees can be referred to as quota or contingent refugees, as countries only take a certain number of refugees each year. LGBTI refugees are typically chosen for resettlement but receiving countries tend to use their own criteria for selecting refugees, with many prioritizing women and complete families and deprioritizing single males to reduce “security risks.” Canada was unique in having a specific program for resettling LGBTI refugees (courtesy of Harper's government) but has since been prioritizing Yazidi and Syrian families.
If all appeal processes fail, the asylum seeker is deported back to Iran.
Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
Europe
Malaysia Indonesia Thailand Lebanon Pakistan
Nauru Papua New Guinea
Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, United States of America, Uruguay
The America
Iraq
In some countries (like Turkey before September 2018), asylum seekers have to register both with the UNHCR and the local government. Keep in mind that since September 2018, the UNHCR no longer conducts RSD in Turkey.
UNHCR’s Three “Durable Solutions”
Asia
Turkey, Pakistan, and Iraq share borders with Iran and are thus some of the easier countries to smuggle into illegally.
YES
Turkey
APPLY AT THE UNHCR FOR REFUGEE STATUS DETERMINATION (RSD)
Seeking Asylum Through a UNHCR Claim
Iranians can easily go to Turkey, Iraq, Malaysia, and Lebanon without obtaining a visa prior to arrival.
There have been cases when asylum applicants on mainland Australia have been sent to the Pacific Island Detention Centres.
The distance makes North America practically impossible smuggle into.
Need to get a Visa LEGAL ENTRY
Top Western Destinations for Iranian Asylum Seekers
Arriving in Europe illegally is comparatively easy due to its proximity to Iran and the flow of refugees from Syria and Afghanistan. Though countries like Hungry have now closed the path to asylum seekers from the Middle East. While large numbers were flowing into Europe, many Iranians also got in. This is reflected in the high numbers of Iranian asylum seekers in Europe in 2016. Illegal arrival in Australia is extremely difficult and dangerous with high fatality rates. Most of those who survive the journey are sent to detention camps in Pacific island nations (most notably Papua New Guinea and Nauru) before being able to set foot on mainland Australia. This Australian police (in place since 2001) is known as “The Pacific Solution.” There has been significant outrage over the conditions of the camps in the international community. Individuals live in deplorable conditions for years with no regard for their basic human rights. Many of those detained are children.
Need to find Smugglers ILLEGAL ENTRY
Oceania
The size of the bars indicate the number of Iranian asylum-seekers in each country
North America
Denmark Netherlands Switzerland Greece Belgium Norway Bulgaria France Canada Italy Finland
Need to find Smugglers ILLEGAL ENTRY
Albania Europe
YES
USA
The asylum seeker is declared a refugee and depending on local laws is set towards "integration," this includes a path to citizenship.
NO
UK
APPLY TO THE APPLICABLE GOVERNMENT AGENCY OVER-SEEING ASYLUM SEEKERS
Australia
Third Country Resettlement
Sweden
- Requires money - Often need to provide a guarantee that individuals will return to Iran - Must go through security checks - The United States is not issuing tourist visas to Iranians. - The Canadian embassy is closed in Iran, and one must travel to a neighbouring country for visa appointments.
Student Visa
Need to get a Visa LEGAL ENTRY
Austria
- Requires money - Requires admittance to a school Research - Must go through security checks - Typically if an individual has the means to get a student visa, they will try and stay in the destination country through other means, like finding a job or applying for immigrant status. Canada, for example, has several immigration policies which favour those educated in Canadian universities and colleges and prioritize them in the immigration system.
Tourist Visa
Main issues for asylum cases in Europe: 1. The Dublin Regulation 2. Stricter RSD standards for LGBTI asylum seekers 3. Discomfort in Europe
Seeking Asylum Through a Port-of-entry or In-land Claim
Germany
The Schengen & Dublin Regulation Zones Signitory to Dublin Regulation EU-Denmark agreement Non-EU member states with an agreement to apply the provisions EU, Schengen Non-EU, Schengen EU (pre-Brexit), Non-Schengen EU member working to implement Schengen later UNHCR involved in RSD Process (2017 ) Signitories to UNHCR’s Third Country Resettlement Program Iranians can visit without a visa, or can obtain visa on arrival. Iranians can visit with an online registration. Iranians require a visa prior to arrival. Iranians are banned from visiting. Easy Action Some-what Difficult Action Difficult Action Almost Impossible / Unavailable / Dangerous Action
7. Options available to Iranians seeking asylum
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BLACK SEA
BULGARIA Kirklareli
GREECE
Istanbul
Tekirdag
Aegean Sea
Edirne Çanakkale
Yalova
Çanakkale
Kastamonu
Bartin Zonguldak Karabük Kocaeli Sakarya Düzce Bolu
Samsun Çankiri
Eskisehir
Ankara
Manisa
Usak
Denizli
Tunceli Malatya
Isparta Karaman
Mugla Antalya
Osmaniye
Mersin
Kilis
Agri
AZERBAIJAN Van
Bitlis Diyarbakir
Adiyaman Adana
Burdur
Igdir
Mus
Elazig
Kahramanmaras Nigde
ARMENIA
Erzurum
Bingöl
Kayseri
Aksaray
Konya
Izmir Aydin
Sivas
Ardahan Kars
Erzincan
Yozgat
Nevsehir
Afyonkarahisar
Artvin
Gümüshane Bayburt
Kirsehir
Kütahya
Rize
Trabzon
Giresun
Tokat
Kirikkale
Balikesir
Ordu
Amasya Çorum
Bilecik
Bursa
GEORGIA
Research Sinop
Sanliurfa
Batman Mardin
Siirt Sirnak
Hakkari
Gaziantep
IRAN
Hatay
SYRIA
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
IRAQ
CYPRUS
NGOs AAr Japan
DRC
ACTED
HABITAT
KAOS GL STC
ASAM
HRDF
STL
Concern Worldwide
IBC
“Open”Satellite Provinces
UN Agencies
Turkish Government Organizations DGMM YTB
UNOPS
FAO
UNV
FAO
UNHCR
UNFPA
8. “Open” asylum accepting satellite cities and available refugee services in Turkey PERSONS WHO DO NOT FALL UNDER THE 1951 DEFINITION FOR REFUGEE AND/OR ARE STATELESS
PERSONS WHO FALL UNDER THE 1951 DEFINITION FOR REFUGEE
Syrian & Stateless Palestinian Individuals from Syria
From ‘non-European’ Country of Origin”
From ‘European’ Country of Origin” (states in the Council of Europe)
Are They Still Subjected to Death, Torture or “Personalized Risk of Indiscriminate Violence” if Sent Back to Their Country of Origin? YES
Treated as a Mass-influx Population Without the Need for Individual Status Determination Processes
No
Must Go Through the International Protection Process to Be Granted Status in Turkey Protection NOT Granted
Protection Granted
Protection NOT Granted
Protection Granted
Protection NOT Granted
Protection Granted
Granted a Group-based
Granted
Granted
Granted
“Temporary Protection”
“Conditional Refugee”
“Refugee”
“Subsidiary Protection”
Lesser Rights Than Those With “Refugee” Status
Lesser Rights Than Those With “Refugee” Status
On Track to Turkish Citizenship.
Lesser Rights Than Those With “Refugee” Status
Status
Some basic rights and services are granted like healthcare and primary education. BUT individuals are - Not Allowed Long-term Stay - Not Given path to Citizenship The Turkish government can revoke the protection towards them at any time and deport them back to Syria.
Status
- Not Allowed Long-term Stay - Not Allowed Family Reunification - Not Allowed to Work *SOME Iraqis in this category can qualify for UNHCR’s “Humanitarian Residence Permit” under article 46 of the Law on Foreigners and International Protection (LFIP) and thus be given more rights.
Status
Individuals Have Rights and Entitlements. - Allowed Long-term Stay - Allowed Family Reunification
*It is important to mention that almost all asylum seekers in Turkey are from ‘non-European’ countries of origin.
^
Status
- Not Allowed Long-term Stay - BUT Allowed Family Reunification.
Asylum Seeker Deported Back to Their Country of Origin
9. How the Turkish Law on Foreigners and International Protection (LFIP) restricts the rights of asylum seekers based on their countries of origin
81
>
Origin Countries for “Refugee” Status Candidates, According to the LFIP Origin Countries for
“Temporary Protection” Status Candidates, According to the LFIP Origin Countries for
“Conditional Refugee” Status Candidates, According to the LFIP
Before September 2018, “Conditional,” “Subsidiary,” and “Temporary Protection” status holders (or those in the ‘International Protection’ process to gain these statuses) could register with the UNHCR to go through their RSD process with the hopes for resettlement into another country. This option is no longer available. It is possible that in specific cases of vulnerable individuals, the DGMM authorities might refer them to the UNHCR for further help, but this option is currently not written into law.
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Research
Toronto: Arrival Part Three
1977
Getting to Toronto might bring certain freedoms for queer refugees, but it also creates new problems. Financial issues, challenges with housing, mental and physical health, and English (which perpetuates the other problems) are some of the most significant barriers into joining the workforce or educational institutions for Iranian LGBTQ+ arrivals. Struggling with these challenges, the Iranian enclave (Tehranto) in Northern Toronto, and the Church and Wellesley Gay Village downtown often become the two main gateways to the city for queer Iranian newcomers. Assuming that in spatial terms, these individuals leave Iran to be able to express their personhood in public space, the question becomes whether the two neighbourhoods are capable of respecting, representing, and catering to this population.
1991
Tehranto
2001
The Iranian enclave is stretched along Yonge Street, North of Sheppard Ave., all the way up to New Market. Mapping the distribution of different ethnic groups in Toronto over-time (next spread) shows us that while many groups started concentrated and eventually grew out of their enclaves, Iranians are still continuing to congregate. Being an entirely suburban enclave, Tehranto is not comparable to the Little Italies and Little Portugals you might think of with regards to ethnic neighbourhoods. Its inaccessible location and strip-mall fabric, combined with the fact that there is almost no cultural representation in the neighbourhood beyond commercial activity, and its underlying homo/ transphobia, results in many queer Iranians I have spoken with not to frequent the community. In Tehranto, more interaction and exposure can result in a slow queering of space in the neighbourhood, which can arguably result in some overall inclusive representation in public space. Queer
2011 10. Toronto’s growth
83
space is produced through the occupation of space by queer individuals. We cannot see personal queer reflection in Tehranto if queer individuals do not frequent the spaces. On the other hand, they will not use the spaces if the attitudes in the neighbourhood remain the same. We are faced with a paradox in spacial practice in Tehranto. Church and Wellesley Gay Village Most recent emphasis on gay villages has been placed on their slow disintegration and limitations, mainly as a result of gentrification. While gay neighbourhoods have provided safety and room for expression, they have also been historically discriminatory to certain groups in the LGBTQ+ community. Access has been limited or unavailable to lesbians, bisexuals, and transgender folks. Gay villages have also often fallen short in the inclusion of racialized and/or otherwise disenfranchised individuals. In Toronto, three crucial factors contributed to the Village’s formation: 1. the changing cultural zeitgeist in the sixties and seventies, 2. fresh arrivals to the neighbourhood (internally from Canada, draft-dodgers from the States, and post-war southernEuropean immigrants), 3. and the construction of several apartment buildings in the area that for the first time offered one-bedroom and bachelor units in the city, catering to single men, many of whom turned out to be gay. Throughout its history, the Gay Village has never been static. By mapping different queer establishments in the city over time (pages 87-88), I observed four patterns that have resulted in the survival of the Village. Establishments constantly moved around, looking for new venues. They shared spaces to survive. Spaces constantly changed hands between the establishments. And
Brock
North 0 5 10
20
30
40
Km
Georgina
East Gwillimbury Uxbridge Newmarket Aurora
WhitchurchStouffville Clarington
King
collective, intergenerational cultural memory was formed around spaces in the Village. These patterns ensured that queering space, an act of heritage preservation, was sustained. Presently, however, high rents, gentrification, and zoning regulations stop these four patterns from occurring in the Village naturally. The Village’s disappearance is not because it is not needed, but a product of external forces of capital, zoning laws, and ultimately, poor environmental design. To ensure that the Village can continue to be the welcoming, safe arrival space it has always been, it deserves to be better served, strengthened, and maintained through architecture, planning and urban design, but also through more applicable programming to address the varied needs of its diverse patrons. We need to move away from viewing the spaces of the Village through their origins in a closeted past for white gay men. Instead, we must focus on an inclusive queering space today. Both Tehranto and the Gay Village struggle with including all the diverse voices that make up their two communities. For both neighbourhoods to improve on this, they need to move away from being spaces purely driven by commercial activity. But cultural representation in space does not necessarily have to be tied to these two urban settings either. Both the Iranian and the queer communities put on very successful seasonal events in Toronto. There is, of course, Pride that queers all of downtown for at least a week each summer. The Iranian community also puts on the midsummer festival of Tirgan biannually. Both events assert identity in space temporarily, but they are predictable in their reoccurrence year after year. This leads me to believe that spatial cultural heritage can be built through consistent rhythms over time as well as through continual presence.
Richmond Hill
Pickering Markham
Caledon
Whitby
Oshawa
Ajax
Vaughan
Brampton
Halton Hills Mississauga
Toronto
Reported Iranian Ethnic Origin in Total Population (2016) 0.000% - 0.9974% 0.9975% - 3.142%
Milton Oakville
3.143% - 7.120% 7.121% - 12.42%
Burlington
12.43% - 28.78%
11. Reported Iranian ethnic origin in total population (2016 census) – Greater Toronto Area
0 0.5 1
2
North Kilometers
12. Church and Wellesley Village in Toronto (Bound by Gerrard, Yonge, Charles, Jarvis)
84
Research
For these maps, I used language statistics to track different ethnic groups. While “ethnic origin” has been a category in the Canadian census since before 1971, the subcategories for “ethnic origin” have not been consistent through the years. Earlier years contain words and categorizations uncomfortable to our 2018 sensibilities. “Ethnic origin” is also not a consistent factor in tracking the Iranian community, since being an multi-ethnic nationality, many Iranians can identify with other breakdowns on the census, such as Kurd, Turk, Arab, Armenian, Jewish, etc. More importantly, “Iranian” did not become a category of “ethnic origin” in the census until the 2000’s. Prior to this, Iranians would be categorized under “West
Asian,” a category that also consists of Turkish and Afghani nationals. Immigrant statistics (either under ethnic origin of immigrant or under country of birth) also present challenges. Using only immigration data would exclude the immigrants from previous years and their children born in Canada. With these challenges in mind, I decided to map language skills as a marker of ethnic dispersion in the city. Farsi started to show up on census information at around the same time the population of Iranians in Ontario increased and so language remains the most consistent marker of Iranians in census data over the last four decades. But language also presents its own problems. It is possible
1971 - The distribution of different languages in the GTA The already well-established Portuguese, Greek, and Italian communities in the city, and the growing Chinese, Arab, and Polish populations are evident in 1971. Besides the area we now know as Greektown on the Danforth, a smaller Greek community also appears in the West-end in between the Portuguese and Italian communities and east of the Polish community.
1986 - The distribution of different languages in the GTA While immigration from Iran had already started in 1986, the community is still small and is not concentrated in one area at this time. This is why it does not appear on the map in 1986. The other communities have clearly grown in this map, however. The Italian and Portuguese start to grow into suburbs, perhaps indicating individuals who are buying larger houses. Italians start to move further north, into Vaughan (Thornhill at the time) and Richmond Hill, and the Portuguese disperse west into Mississauga and Brampton in smaller numbers. The newer Russian community also starts to grow exclusively in the suburbs of Markham and Vaughan. The Greek community concentrates further on the East-end.
85
Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here
individuals of different ethnic origins born in the diaspora would not report their parents’ tongue as their mother-tongue. It is also true that amongst Iranians, many consider languages other than Farsi to be their “mother tongue.” The maps have inherent inconsistencies in portraying accurate percentages of population as a result of these issues, but they still do a good job of mapping the major concentration of different groups in estimation.
1991 - The distribution of different languages in the GTA
2011 - The distribution of different languages in the GTA
Overall, the city has grown in diversity. The enclaves remain predominately concentrated with their corresponding ethnic groups, but more groups start to move into the suburbs. They even start to form secondary suburban enclaves. The Chinese concentration, for example, grows in Markham, as does the Italian concentrations in the suburbs northwest of the city. The Korean population, whose small Korean-town stretches between Bathurst and Ossington on Bloor, start to form a secondary Korean-town around Yonge and Finch.
Please keep in mind that the 2011 Canadian census is not the most reliable year to use as a reference since the 2011 long-form census was optional to fill out, and the data is not always an accurate representation of realities on the ground.
2001 - The distribution of different languages in the GTA
2016 - The distribution of different languages in the GTA
As traditionally Italian and Portuguese neighbourhoods shrink in occupants who report Italian and Portuguese as their mother tongue, Iranians concentrate themselves more.
The concentration of Iranians in the GTA continues to be in Toronto’s North York and further north in York Region, between Bayview and Bathurst Streets, north of Sheppard, and well into Richmond Hill and Aurora. As Toronto’s urban sprawl moves North along Yonge St., so do the Iranians with it.
13. The Development of Ethnic Enclaves in Toronto Overtime - Based on Statistics Canada’s Census Data
86
Research
Types of Establishments Entertainment
Most Frequent Clientele Commercial
Organizations
Café
Media / Publishing
Bookstore
Queer
Resturaunt
Cultural
General Commercial General Commercial
Lesbian
Bar
Religious
Gay
Bar in Hotel
Highschool
Lesbian / Gay
Bar / Club
Activism / Advocay
Not Disclosed
Bar / Restaurant
Sex-related Sex-related Establishments Establishments
Bar / Club / Restaurant
Bathhouse
Regular Dance Party
Strip / Dance Club
Bar / Café Bar//Dance Café / Party DanceVenue Party Venue
Sex Lounge
14. The evolution of Toronto’s Gay Village
LEY
LES
WEL
W
RCH
CHU
YON GE
1960 – 1969. The village starts to form.
0
Km 0.3
1980 – 1989. Main artery starts to shift to Church St.
LEY
LES
WEL
WE
GE
87
RCH
CHU
YON
1970 – 1979. The establishments start to become legitimate and legal.
0
Km 0.3
1990 – 1999. Church is established as main artery, but numbers of organizations begin to dwindle.
Your Passport Doesn’t Work Here
TW CEN RES RK C
NS PA
QUEE
The following maps are heavily informed by Donald W. McLeod’s annotated chronologies of Lesbian and Gay Liberation in Canada, as well as through literature and archival research. The archival research was conducted in person at the Canadian Lesbian and Gay Archives (CLGA) in Toronto, and online, through the CLGA’s digital collection and on archived pages of newspapers and online services (Yelp, Google, blogto etc). The data created from this research was then geo-located using GIS software.
DAVENPORT ROAD
LEY
LES
WEL
EST
0
Km 0.3
LEY
LES
WEL
EY
RCH
CHU
2000 – 2010. The decline continues.
GE
Km 0.3
YON
RCH
CHU
GE
YON
0
ESL
ELL
RCH
CHU
GE
E
ENU
AV ITY
LEY
LES
WEL
YON
ERS
UNIV
1800s – 1959. No real village, establishments are open-secrets.
0
Km 0.3
LEY
LES
WEL
88
RCH
CHU
2010 – 2017. New locations outside the village and new models for entertainment are established.
GE
Km 0.3
YON
RCH
CHU
GE YON
0
0
Km 0.3
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