Here's How to Manage Type 2 Diabetes

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PRITCHETT & HULL ASSOCIATES, INC. 3440 OAKCLIFF RD NE STE 110 ATLANTA GA 30340-3079

To contact Pritchett & Hull: write Pritchett & Hull Associates, Inc. 3440 Oakcliff Rd., NE, Suite 110 Atlanta, GA 30340-3006 call 1-800-241-4925

2011 Edition Copyright © 2005

by Pritchett & Hull Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be photocopied, reprinted or otherwise reproduced without written permission from Pritchett & Hull Associates, Inc.

This book is only to help you learn about type 2 diabetes. It does NOT replace your doctor’s advice or treatment.

Published and distributed by: Pritchett & Hull Associates, Inc.

Printed in the U.S.A.

How to manage your diabetes check blood glucose (also called blood sugar) regularly take insulin and/or oral pills as you were told by your doctor plan meals exercise check feet quit smoking, if you smoke reduce stress

1

How to check your blood sugar 1

Wash your hands with soap and water. Dry them well.

2

Choose a finger. (With some meters, you can use your arm or thigh).

3

Prick that finger with the

lancet

lancet. On the side is best - it hurts less.

4

Rub your finger until a drop of blood comes out.

5

Put the drop of blood on the test strip.*

2

* Some meters have you do step 6 before step 5. Follow your meter’s instructions.

6

Put the test strip into your meter.*

7

Wipe your finger off with gauze or a cotton ball and hold it for a few minutes.

8

After a few seconds, the meter will show your blood sugar level.

9

Throw the used lancet away in a tightly sealed container.

(It’s OK to throw the gauze or cotton ball away in the trash.)

* Some meters have you do step 6 before step 5.

Follow your meter’s instructions.

3

Blood sugar goals Your doctor or nurse will tell you what your blood sugar goals should be.

Write your goals here: When

Sample blood sugar goals*

before meals

80-120 mg/dl

1 hour after meals

less than 180 mg/dl

My goals (may be different)

2 hours after meals less than 140 mg/dl at bedtime

4

100-140 mg/dl

* These samples are for adults who have diabetes and are not pregnant.

Daily food amounts Ask your nurse to fill in your numbers.

Food group

Your daily calories

Your number of grams

Carbs

Proteins

Fats

5

Meal planning tips Read food labels and check serving sizes.

Count carbs.

Bake, broil or grill.

Don’t fry foods.

Eat every 3-4 hours.

Know how many calories to have each day.

Eat fruit, vegetables and whole grains often.

6

Count carbs To count carbs you have to know: which foods contain carbs—milk, fruit, grains and starchy vegetables how many carbs are in a food item

My carb counting plan Breakfast

______

Snack

______

Lunch

______

Snack

______

Dinner

______

Snack

______

Total

______

The more carbs you eat at each meal, the higher your blood sugar level will be after.

7

Read food labels The serving size on the food label and the serving size of

Nutrition Facts Serving Size 1/2 cup Servings Per Container 5 Amount Per Serving

your meal plan may

Calories 250

not be the same.

Total Fat 12g

Calories from Fat 110

% Daily Value* 19%

Saturated Fat 5g

25%

Trans Fat 4g

So, compare the number of grams, NOT serving sizes.

Cholesterol 25 mg

28%

Total Carbohydrate 30g

10%

Dietary Fiber 0g

package may contain 2 or more servings. Before you eat an entire

0%

Sugars 5g Protein 5g Vitamin A

Watch out! One

9%

Sodium 650 mg

3

3

Vitamin C

2%

* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs: Calories Total Fat Less than Sat Fat Less than Cholesterol Less than Sodium Less than Total Carbohydrate Dietary Fiber

2,000 65g 20g 300mg 2,400mg 300g 25g

2,500 80g 25g 300mg 2,400mg 375g 30g

1g Fat = 9 calories 1g Carbohydrates = 4 calories 1 g Protein = 4 calories

package, check out the serving size.

Note: One serving (1â „2 cup) of this product is 2 servings (30g)

Avoid trans fat!

8

of carbs!

Exercise It is best to exercise about 1– 3 hours after eating.

Talk with your doctor or nurse before you start any exercise program.

9

Where to give your insulin shot Change site with every shot.

10

Foot care check your feet each day avoid cutting, scratching or hurting your feet don’t go barefoot wear shoes (and socks) that fit well have your feet checked at each doctor visit

11

Call your doctor if you see any of these: s sores s red, cracked or dry places s ingrown toenails s blisters, cuts or nail fungus Use a mirror to see the bottom of your feet or toes. Or, ask a family member or friend for help.

12

No smoking Smoking is not healthy. Your risk of having other health problems is even greater if you smoke.

Quitting may be hard. If so, ask your nurse or doctor how to get help.

13

Reduce stress

14

Call your doctor or nurse s IF YOUR BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS are higher than 200 mg/dl or less than 70 mg/dl s WHEN YOUR BLOOD SUGAR is low and gets even lower after you eat carbs s IF YOU HAVE HIGH BLOOD sugar often s IF YOU HAVE A HARD TIME SEEING s IF IT HURTS TO URINATE s IF YOU HAVE ANY LOSS OF FEELING OR TINGLING s IF YOU FEEL LIKE YOUR FEET OR LEGS ARE hON FIREv s IF YOU HAVE A SORE ON YOUR GUMS OR IN your mouth

Continued on next page

15

s if you have diarrhea or vomiting that lasts longer than 6 hours s if you have any sign of an infection like: – a sore that hurts to touch – liquid coming from a sore – redness around a sore – a fever over 101°F (38°C) s if you have been sick or have had a fever for a few days and are not getting better

16

Resources For more information about your disease, use these: s American Association of Diabetes Educators (800) 338-3633 www.diabeteseducator.org s American Diabetes Association (ADA) (800) 342-2383 www.diabetes.org s American Dietetic Association (800) 877-0877 www.eatright.org s Juvenile Diabetes Foundation International (800) 533-CURE www.jdrf.org s National Institutes of Health www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/diabetes.html

W

Reviewers: Martha E. Lindsay, RN, CDE Baptist Diabetes Center Knoxville, TN Erin Cooper, RD Talbert Medical Group Corona Del Mar, CA C. RenĂŠ Hughes, RN, MS, CV/ANP Lifemasters San Francisco, CA

e believe that you have the right to know as much as you can about your health. Our goal is to give you enough facts to get the main points clearly in mind. We do this with medical accuracy, warmth and humor. The result for you: less tension, more healing and a good idea of what to ask your doctor, nurse or others.

We also have other health information materials on a variety of topics. Call for a free catalog of product descriptions.

Please let us know how this book is helping you (or your patients).

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Product # 579