2027: I Have No Reason To Rejoin APC – Aregbesola
•Leaders of the African Democratic Congress (ADC) led by Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, at yesterday’s stakeholders meeting Inset: A cross-section of attendees •Osun Voters Are Behind Us – Salaam •We Remain Unshaken, Committed To Winning Osun Guber –
ASodiq Yusuf
MIDST its usual pomp and ceremony, stakeholders of the African Democra c Congress (ADC), on Sunday reiterated their commitment to the success of the party in the forthcoming August 15 governorship elec on in Osun State.
The stakeholders, who spoke, separately at the well-a ended mee ng in Ilesa, commended the leadership of the party for its steadfastness and pursuit of good governance despite efforts by agents of the rul-
ing party at the centre to cripple opposi on poli cs in the country.
Addressing party faithful, ADC Na onal Secretary, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola thanked party members for their con nued solidarity.
Aregbesola, who debunked insinua ons that he is planning a return to the All Progressives Congress (APC) said he has no reason to return to his former party.
He noted that it is clear that the ruling party at the federal level has worsened the living condi ons of Nigerians, subjec ng many
ci zens to serious hardship and economic quagmire.
The former Governor of Osun urged ci zens and residents of the state to con nuously support the party, as it is the only platform that offers the credible alterna ve.
“I want to appreciate you all. Despite the a acks, oppression and in mida on of those who think they can con nue to in midate us, you have remain resolute, firm, and solidly behind our cause. We cannot express how grateful we are to you.
“Let me tell you, I am
not planning a return to the APC. Such informa on is just a figment of their imagina on. I have no reason to join the party again. The truth is that the current handlers have derailed from the vision and mission statement that we built the party on.
“Those in-charge of our affairs at the na onal level have failed to uphold the basic principles of government – Welfare and Security of the people. So, we do not have any reason to rejoin them. We are ADC and
•Continued on page 2
APC Senatorial Aspirant Accused Of Paying N100m For Endorsement
REPORTS have emerged that one of the senatorial aspirants in Osun West Senatorial District is facing moun ng backlash a er allega ons emerged that he paid ₦100 million to some party chie ains to secure their endorsement ahead of the party’s primary elecon for the 2027 general elec ons.
Sources within the party told OSUN DEFENDER that the money, which was reportedly paid by a businessman in the area on behalf of the senatorial aspirant, was meant to facilitate a consensus arrangement that would see the aspirant emerge as the sole candidate without going through a primary.
However, discontent has grown a er several ward and local government execu ves said they received nothing from the deal.
“The businessman gave ₦100 million to some senior party leaders to get them to endorse the aspirant. The deal was that it would be shared down to the local government level,” one of the sources who requested
despite their a acks, we con nue to grow in leaps and bounds. Do not relax and waver, victory is ours by God’s Grace.
“Our candidate, Najeem Folasayo Salaam Iwaloye is a man of the people. He is loyal, commi ed and deeply desires to return our state to the pedestal of development that we le it in 2018. We urge everyone to support us. We will not let you down,” the former Minister of Interior noted.
Also in his remarks, governorship candidate of the ADC, Dr. Najeem Salaam urged party members to remain vigilant.
Salaam, who stressed the need for unity, reemphasised that his administra on if elected will create jobs, tackle poverty, address inequality, provide affordable housing to the people and address all governance failures the people of the state have experienced in the last seven and a half years.
He also expressed opmism that the people of the state are behind the ADC, solici ng their con nued support for the party’s success in the upcoming elec on.
Earlier in his remarks, Osun ADC Chairman-Elect, Alhaji Azeez Adesiji party remains fully cons tuted and united at both the state and federal levels despite polical challenges confron ng it ahead of the August 15 governorship elec on.
Adesiji while congratula ng newly elected ward,
anonymity, said.
“We heard ₦100 million was brought for us, but none of us at the grassroots saw a kobo. Some people sat in the city and decided for everybody,” another
source added.
OSUN DEFENDER gathered that the development has sparked anger among members who feel sidelined, with the sources saying those Local Govern-
•Former Minister of Justice, Abubakar Malami SAN, displaying his nomination forms as he plans to contest the 2027 governorship election in Kebbi State
ment and Ward execu ves will not agree to the aspirant being the consensus candidate.
“This is not how party poli cs should work. You cannot collect money in our name and leave us emptyhanded,” one of the aggrieved local government execu ves who does not want his name in print for fear of in mida on, told OSUN DEFENDER
OSUN DEFENDER also gathered that other aspirants in the race have rejected the purported endorsement, insis ng that the party must conduct a transparent primary elecon.
Some of the aspirants who have obtained the nomina on and expression of interest forms for Osun West Senatorial District,
include, Prince Dotun Babayemi, Peter Ogundeji and Basheer Adewinbi Rtd.
“We are not against anyone contes ng, but there must be a level playing field. Endorsement bought with money is not democracy,” one of the aspirants told OSUN DEFENDER
The aspirant warned that any a empt to impose a candidate would backfire and might not bode well for the party in the August 15 gubernatorial elec on.
“If they think they can bypass the people and handpick a candidate, they are making a mistake. The people will resist it,” he added.
Another aspirant accused some party leaders of invoking the name of a serving minister to give legi macy to the endorse-
ment plot.
“They are going around saying the minister is backing this arrangement. That is not true. We are warning them to stop dragging the minister’s name into their plan,” the senatorial aspirant stated.
He added, “The minister is a na onal figure and should not be used to se le local scores. If anyone has evidence that the minister endorsed this, let them produce it.”
Meanwhile, a senior party chie ain, defended the move, saying consensus was a common prac ce to avoid rancorous primaries.
“Consensus is allowed in our cons tu on. If leaders agree on one candidate, it saves money and unites the party,” he said.
APC Member Asks Party’s NWC To Disqualify Osun Ex-Rep, Oluga
quirements for party membership as s pulated in the APC cons tu on.
ASpeaking on the forthcoming governorship elecon, the ADC leader expressed confidence that the party’s candidate, Salaam, would emerge victorious at the poll through hard work, unity and divine support.
“You are all aware we have Governorship elec on in about three months from now. It’s a must-win for us. Let’s all work hard by mobilising to win. We have God behind us. We have the pedigree. We have done it before. God will make it happen again. Dr Najeem Salaam will be elected on August 15 by the grace of God,” he stated.
The ADC stalwart fur-
FORMER presiden al candidate, Gbenga Olawepo-Hashim, has cri cised the metable released by the Independent Na onal Electoral Commission (INEC) for the 2027 general elec ons, describing it as unlawful, chao c and insensi ve to Nigeria’s poli cal and religious realies.
Olawepo-Hashim warned that the electoral schedule, if not urgently reviewed, could trigger unnecessary poli cal tension and destabilise poli cal par es ahead of the next general elec ons.
The former presidenlocal government and state execu ves of the party, described their new posi ons as a privilege and a call to service.
ther disclosed that the party would commence its statewide campaign within one week, revealing that the exercise would cover all local government areas, include rallies across the nine federal cons tuencies and culminate in two mega rallies scheduled for Ile-Ife and Osogbo.
“I seize this opportunity to thank our Leader, Ogbeni, for his poli cal sagacity, with which he has carried us this far. I pray God’s protec on and guidance for him to take us farther, especially in our bid to win the August 15 elec on,” he said.
The party chie ain also thanked members of the party’s apex leadership and other loyal members of the ADC for their pa ence, support and coopera on.
al candidate par cularly faulted the ming of party primaries fixed around major religious ac vi es such as the Muslim Hajj operaon and Ileya celebra ons, insis ng that the arrangement was unreasonable considering the exis ng security and mobility challenges associated with such periods.
He stated this in a statement issued on Sunday by the Olawepo-Hashim Media Office and made available to journalists.
According to him, the ght electoral calendar does not provide sufficient me for poli cal par es to
member of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in Irewole Local Government Area of Osun State has called on the party’s Na onal Working Commi ee (NWC) and the House of Representaves Screening Commi ee to disqualify former member of the House of Representa ves, Hon. Taiwo Oluga, from par cipa ng in the forthcoming APC primary elec on for the Ayedaade/ Irewole/Isokan Federal Cons tuency seat.
The pe on, dated May 9, 2026, was addressed to the APC House of Representa ves Screening Committee at the party’s Na onal Secretariat in Abuja.
The pe oner alleged that the former lawmaker is not a duly registered and financially up-to-date member of the APC in any ward within Ayedaade Local Government Area of the state.
According to the peoner, there is “reasonable and credible cause” to believe that Oluga failed to meet the cons tu onal re-
conduct credible and transparent primaries as well as other internal democra c processes.
Olawepo-Hashim noted that the development was already crea ng pressure within poli cal par es and worsening internal disagreements across the poli cal space.
He disclosed that he had earlier wri en an open le er to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, urging the President to ensure that INEC strictly complied with the provisions of the Electoral Act in implemen ng the metable.
The former presiden-
The pe oner specifically referenced Ar cle 9.1(i) and (ii) of the APC Constu on, arguing that the former federal lawmaker allegedly fulfilled none of the cons tu onal requirements for membership within any ward in Ayedaade Local Government Area.
Part of the pe on read, “I have reasonable and credible cause to believe that Hon. Taiwo Olukemi Oluga, purportedly a na ve of Gbongan Town, Ayedaade Local Government Area of Osun State, who is seeking the APC cket for the House of Representa ves seat for the Ayedaade/Irewole/Isokan Federal Cons tuency, is not a duly registered, enrolled, or financially upto-date member of the All Progressives Congress.”
The pe oner further cited Ar cle 9.3(i) of the APC Cons tu on, which provides that only fully registered and financially current members of the party have the right to vote and be voted for in any elec ve posi on within the APC,
al candidate, however, lamented that the Presidency had yet to respond to the concerns raised in the letter. He argued that scheduling poli cally sensi ve ac vi es around periods of religious obliga ons and fes vi es could create avoidable disrup ons and further complicate the country’s security situaon.
“Combining elec on primaries with periods like Hajj and Ileya, which already carry security and mobility challenges, is unreasonable,” OlawepoHashim said.
seeking an order direc ng the commi ee to decline screening or clearance for the former lawmaker pending the conclusion of the membership verifica on exercise.
Meanwhile, a polical group within the cons tuency, the Concerned Ayedaade/Irewole/Isokan Federal Cons tuency APC Youth Forum, led by Comrade Ismail Alade from Ward 4, Isokan Local Government, and Elder Bukola Familusi from Ward 6, Ayedaade Local Government, has backed the peon and called on the APC leadership to strictly uphold the provisions of the party’s cons tu on.
Speaking on the development, Alade said the demand for disqualifica on was not personal but necessary to preserve the integrity of the APC’s internal democra c process.
“We are not against anybody’s ambi on, but we strongly believe that the cons tu on of our party must be respected by everyone, irrespec ve of status or influence. The APC cannot afford to bend its rules for one individual while expec ng others to comply,” he said.
Elder Familusi also called for transparent verifica on of the allega ons raised in the pe on before the primary elec on is conducted.
“If the allega ons are false, let the ward register and membership records clear her publicly. But if the allega ons are true, then the party must do the needful to avoid unnecessary embarrassment and possible li ga on a er the primary,” he stated.
As of the me of filing this report, Hon. Oluga had yet to officially respond to the allega ons contained in the pe on.
ACROSS the African connent, there is indeed a “natural mys c blowing through the air.” The rising wave of xenophobic tensions in South Africa is not an isolated crisis confined to the post-apartheid state. Rather, it reflects a broader connental failure of the post-colonial African state to provide economic security, social jus ce, and inclusive development for its ci zens. The disturbing calls by some groups in Ghana for the evic on of Nigerians reveal how economic anxiety and poli cal frustra on are increasingly being redirected toward fellow Africans instead of the structural causes of hardship. There is therefore a need to carefully examine the root causes of these crises in order to proffer enduring solu ons. In doing so, Nigerians must resist the tempta on of self-pity or reducing the ma er merely to the alleged ingra tude of South Africans toward Nigeria. Without doubt, Nigeria played a stellar and historic role during the struggle against apartheid. It was one of the defining high points of Nigeria’s foreign policy and connental leadership, and it must never be forgo en. However, it is equally important to recognise that the apartheid system itself was already burdened by internal contradic ons that made its collapse inevitable. Apartheid was built around a mining and extracon economy, but by the 1960s South Africa had begun transi oning towards a more industrial and manufacturing-based economy. Such a transforma on increasingly rendered the rigid apartheid structure economically unsustainable. Understanding this historical reality is important if we are to move beyond emo onal reac ons and engage the present crisis with clarity and depth.
A cri cal ques on must therefore be asked: why are hundreds of thousands of Nigerians living in South Africa, many of them under difficult or irregular circumstances? Migra on, whether within Africa or beyond, has always been driven by the search for opportunity and survival. Human beings naturally move in pursuit of be er condi ons, even when the promised greener pasture eventually proves illusory. The movement of Nigerians to South Africa is therefore not simply a ma er of border control or criminality; it is deeply connected to the economic and poli cal reali es within Nigeria itself.
For decades, the Nigerian state has pursued a model of economic growth that has failed to translate into genuine development. Economists once described this phenomenon as “growth without development,” while dependency theorists more sharply referred to it as “the development of underdevelopment.” Nigeria’s economy may expand sta s cally, yet mil-
Fear And Loathing In South Africa And Nigeria
•Julius in the stratosphere. A Worthy African!
lions remain excluded from meaningful prosperity. The result has been mass unemployment, collapsing public services, and widening inequality. Unsurprisingly, this has triggered a sustained exodus of ci zens, including many skilled professionals, entrepreneurs, and educated youths. The migra on is not limited to South Africa alone; it stretches across Europe, North America, the Middle East, and other African countries. With the con nued dominance of neoliberal economic policies that priori se markets over social welfare, this exodus is unlikely to end anyme soon.
On its part, South Africa’s postapartheid experience has also fallen short of the transforma ve aspira ons that accompanied libera on. While apartheid formally ended, severe income inequality remains deeply entrenched. Large sec ons of the popula on con nue to live without access to adequate jobs, educa on, or economic opportunity. This has produced what some sociologists describe as a “dangerous class” — a marginalised underclass alienated from both the economy and the promise of democra c inclusion. In moments of social stress, such frustra ons o en erupt violently against vulnerable groups, including African migrants.
South Africa’s crisis is com-
pounded by two major structural burdens. First is the failure of the democra c transi on to fully repudiate or renego ate the enormous debt inherited from the apartheid regime. That burden has constrained the state’s ability to broadly distribute the dividends of freedom and development. Second is the deepening problem of “State Capture,” a term that emerged prominently within South African poli cal discourse itself to describe the systema c corrup on and manipula on of state ins tu ons by private interests and poli cal elites. The consequence has been weakened governance, declining public trust, and growing despera on among the poor.
Meanwhile, Nigeria’s weaker produc ve base and chronic economic instability con nue to push migrants outward. As long as unemployment, insecurity, and social inequality persist, Nigerians will keep seeking opportuni es abroad, including in South Africa. This means the tensions between local frustra ons and migrant survival will likely intensify unless deeper structural reforms are undertaken in both countries.
“An unlikely hero has emerged from this sad episode in the person of Julius Malema, the activist turned parliamentarian. Malema has increasingly assumed the posture of a Pan-African nationalist, openly confronting the root causes of the crisis rather than merely exploiting popular anger for political gain. He has consistently argued that poverty, inequality, unemployment, and failed governance lie at the heart of xenophobic tensions in South Africa”
Ul mately, both Nigeria and South Africa are confron ng the consequences of abandoning the founda onal ideals that inspired their struggles for independence and libera on. Poli cal freedom was meant to serve as a vehicle for building equitable socie es where wealth, dignity, and opportunity are broadly shared. Instead, economic exclusion and elite-driven governance have le millions feeling abandoned. The path forward for both na ons lies not in scapegoa ng migrants or fuelling xenophobia, but in rebuilding states capable of delivering inclusive development, produc ve economies, and social jus ce where no ci zen is le behind.
OSUN DEFENDER
Publisher – Moremi Publishing House Ltd.
Deputy Editor – Michael Bamigbola
Asst. News Editor – Yusuf Oketola
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Produc on Controller – Petkola Taiwo Ibitowa
OSUN DEFENDER is published by Moremi Publishing House Limited, Behind Oranmiyan Building, Gbodofon, Off Gbongan Road, Osogbo, Osun State.
ISSN : 0794-8050
Telephone : 0809-301-9152
Website : www.osundefender.com/index.php e-mail : osundefenderhq@gmail.com osundefenderbank@gmail.com
All correspondence to the above email addresses.
An unlikely hero has emerged from this sad episode in the person of Julius Malema, the ac vist turned parliamentarian. Malema has increasingly assumed the posture of a Pan-African na onalist, openly confron ng the root causes of the crisis rather than merely exploi ng popular anger for poli cal gain. He has consistently argued that poverty, inequality, unemployment, and failed governance lie at the heart of xenophobic tensions in South Africa. In doing so, he has attempted to provide a poli cal and ideological roadmap rooted in African solidarity and social jus ce. His interven ons have stood out as a worthy throwback to an earlier era of Pan-African consciousness when African leaders and movements understood that the des ny of the con nent was interconnected. This contrasts sharply with the response of Godswill Akpabio, Nigeria’s Senate President, whose reac on has been widely interpreted as yet another opportunity for an expensive foreign junket funded with scarce public resources and hard currency. At a moment requiring serious reflec on and statesmanship, Malema has projected clarity and convicon. Kudos to Julius Malema.
MONDAY, MAY 11, 2026 VOL. 21 NO 37 www.osundefender.com, email: osundefenderbank@gmail.com
THE 2026 Electoral Act has failed to meet the legality of interna onal standards for the conduct of democra c elecons. The Electoral Act, 2026 (EA 2026) has removed cer ficate forgery as the basis to challenge the outcome of an elec on at the tribunal. The 2026 Electoral Act is a legal fraud.
Nigeria is the only country in the world that Na onal Assembly passes law to validate electoral fraud and crimes. 2026 Electoral Act is a good example of a legal fraud passed to validate 2027 electoral fraud and crimes. 2026 Electoral Act is a legal fraud that will lead Nigeria to poli cal crisis during 2027 elec ons. Na onal Assembly passed a fraudulent law to rig 2027 elec ons that will lead Nigeria to poli cal instability. With 2026 Electoral Act, there will be pre and post- elec on violence during 2027 elec ons. Electoral Act 2026, sec on 85 says: “A poli cal party shall not impose nomina on, qualifica on or disqualifica on criteria, measures, or condi ons on any aspirant or candidate for any elec on in its cons tu on, guidelines, or rules for nomina on of candidates for elec ons, except as prescribed under sec ons 65, 66, 106, 107, 131, 137, 177 and 187 of the Cons tu on.”
Sec on 137 (1) of the 1999 Cons tu on states expressly: “A person shall not be qualified for elecon to the office of President if – (i) he has presented a forged cer ficate to the Independent Na onal Electoral Commission.” Sec on 85 of the EA 2026 already refers to this cons tu onal provision which makes cer ficate forgery a ground for disqualifica on. Repea ng it in an EA is a waste of me, paper and ink. The courts are not so dumb to say because forgery is not menoned in an EA, then the cons tuon is void. Sec ons 106(1)(h), 107 (1) (h) and 182(1)(i) of the cons tuon list cer ficate forgery as basis for disqualifica on in different categories. And the cons tu on supersedes the EA.
2026 Electoral Act is reminding Nigerians of the monthly average of 19 killings occurred in pre and post-elec ons in Rivers State be-
PERSPECTIVE
INWALOMHE DONALD
2027 Elections: 2026 Electoral Act Will Be Used To Validate Electoral Fraud And Crime
tween November 2014 and April 2015, according to Rivers Commission of Inquiry. At the presenta on of the final dra of the report to the Rivers State government, the Commission noted that out of the 97 allega ons of killings it received, 94 of them occurred between November 15, 2014, and April 11, 2015. This report reaffirms that no state or country should allow a repeat of such violence in the name of poli cs,” said Chidi Odinkalu, a professor of Law and chairman of the commission. “It also shows how and why Rivers State and Nigeria must end impunity for polical violence.”
Former Resident Electoral Commissioner of the Independent Naonal Electoral Commission (INEC), Mike Igini, has raised concerns over Sec on 63 of the newly signed Electoral Act 2026, warning that it could open the door to electoral manipula on ahead of the 2027 general elec ons. Igini highlighted what he described as a major flaw in the provision, which reportedly allows returning officers to accept ballot papers that do not bear official INEC security features, provided they are deemed sa sfactory.
According to him, such discreon could undermine the integrity of the electoral process if not clearly defined and strictly regulated.
Cri cs of the provision argue
“Electronic transmission of results should not be optional, conditional, or subject to discretionary approval. It should be an independent, mandatory, and final safeguard that protects the integrity of elections. Anything short of this undermines public trust and weakens democracy. Leaving such a critical process entirely in the hands of INEC, an institution that has often come under pressure from political interests, is a deliberate step backward”
that the clause may create room for poli cians or poli cal actors to print unofficial ballot papers for poten al use at polling units, thereby compromising transparency and credibility. They warn that without strict safeguards, the interpretaon of what qualifies as “sa sfactory” ballot papers could become subjec ve and prone to abuse.
The ex-REC also raised concerns about Sec on 138, which deals with grounds for filing elec on pe ons. Igini said the provision suggests that ac ons or omissions contrary to INEC direc ves—but not explicitly against the Electoral Act—cannot be used as grounds to challenge elec on results. He argued that this effec vely shields electoral officers who fail to comply with INEC guidelines, no ng that such direc ves are typically contained in the commission’s regula ons.
Furthermore, Igini cri cized Secon 137, which he said removes the requirement to join electoral officers — such as presiding or returning officers—as respondents in elec on pe ons involving allegaons of misconduct. He expressed concern that this provision could make it difficult to hold individual officials accountable for alleged irregulari es during elec ons.
The rejec on of real- me electronic transmission of elec on results is a call to anarchy during Osun-Eki 2026 elec ons and Nigeria’s 2027 elec ons.
Thugs will be used to collate elec on results in 2027 elec ons.
On Wednesday, February 18, 2026, President Bola Tinubu signed into law 2026 electoral act, a document that many believe has effec vely pre-wri en the results of the 2027 general elec ons which is a call for anarchy. This “analog” loophole will allow for the “edi ng” of Osun-Eki 2026 elec on results between the polling unit and the final declara on. 2026 Electoral Act is a system designed to fail the voters while protec ng the incumbent. Elec on results will be manufactured at wards and local govern-
ments’ colla on centres during Osun-Eki 2026 off cycle elec ons with 2026 Electoral Act.
By rejec ng the mandatory, realme electronic transmission of results from polling units to the IReV portal, the Na onal Assembly has received the President’s ul mate blessing. The implica on is that President Tinubu has ignored the primary lesson from the 2023 elecons and Edo 2024 elec on which is a call to anarchy. In 2027 elecons, Manual colla on of results will be the graveyard of the Nigerian vote and results will be manufactured. In Edo 2024 elec on, PDP won at the electronic colla on on IREV and APC was declared winner based on manual colla on at the INEC state headquarters in Benin City. Nigerians will take law into their hands during 2027 elec ons and going to court will not be tenable.
Electronic transmission of results should not be op onal, condi onal, or subject to discre onary approval. It should be an independent, mandatory, and final safeguard that protects the integrity of elec ons. Anything short of this undermines public trust and weakens democracy. Leaving such a critical process en rely in the hands of INEC, an ins tu on that has o en come under pressure from poli cal interests, is a deliberate step backward.
I want to warn that public trust in INEC and Nigeria’s judiciary is eroding, driven by poli cisa on and the absence of consequences for public officials most especially the Supreme Court judgment on Edo 2024 elec on which weakened public trust in judiciary concerning electoral disputes. The controversial judgment by Supreme Court on cer fied 3 sets of FORM EC8A, EC8B AND EC8C results with same serial number that wereused to manipulate Edo 2024 governorship elecon remained the greatest threat to 2027 elec ons. With these cerfied 3 sets of results, INEC solely manipulated and rigged Edo 2024 elec on in favour of APC.
The greatest threat to 2027 elecons are the rejec on of real me electronic transmission of results and cer fied true copies of 3 sets of FORM EC8A, EC8B AND EC8C RESULTS WITH SAME SERIAL NUMBER of Edo 2024 governorship elec on that INEC used to manipulate the result and going to court in 2027 to challenge electoral disputes, will not be tenable.
I am worried that INEC now print 3 sets of results with same serial number and use them to rig elecon for the ruling party at the federal level. Electronic transmission of results will eliminate this. The Supreme Court is in possession of Cer fied True Copies of Edo 2024 3 sets of elec on results with same serial number which it declined to rule on.
•Inwalomhe Donald writes via inwalomhe.donald@yahoo.com
OSUN DEFENDER is published by Moremi Publishing House Limited, Behind Oranmiyan Building, Gbodofon, Off Gbongan Road, Osogbo, Osun State. All correspondence to the Deputy Editor, MICHAEL BAMIGBOLA, Telephone: 0809-301-9152. ISSN: 0794-8050. Website: www.osundefender.com Email: osundefenderbank@gmail.com, osundefenderhq@gmail.com