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UNIVERSITY OF CHEGG UO professors say Chegg has provided them with information on students using the service to cheat.

NEWS: COVID-19 ATTITUDES SURVEY P. 3

A&C: GENDER INCLUSIVE MUSIC NONPROFIT P. 5

SPORTS: DUCKS LOSE TO WILDCATS

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24% OF OREGONIANS WILL REFUSE COVID VACCINATION, UO SURVEY SAYS

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A recent survey from the UO Institute for Policy Research and Engagement reveals concerning results regarding the state’s ability to reach “herd immunity,” or the shared societal protection from COVID-19 vaccinations.

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(Makena Hervey/Emerald)

BY SALLY SEGAR • TWITTER @SALLYSEGAR A new survey from a University of Oregon to everybody,” Clark said. “And so it became clear policy research center shows that nearly oneto us that people weren’t getting that message.” quarter of Oregon residents do not plan to get Other reasons for hesitation stem from the COVID-19 vaccine, while another one-third of misinformation about vaccines in general, Parker residents “might” get vaccinated. said, including conspiracy theories and ideas UO’s Institute for Policy Research and from science fiction movies. Engagement studied the attitudes of Oregonians The survey also identified a small yet significant toward wearing face masks, social distancing group of Oregonians who continue to practice and the coronavirus vaccine. IPRE released the unsafe behaviors and disregard guidelines on survey results in December. masking and social distancing. The survey showed concerning results The survey found that 11% of people attend regarding people’s social behaviors and their gatherings of 10 or more people at least once attitudes toward getting vaccinated. a week. Between 20 and 30% of IPRE’s co-executive director, respondents never socially distance “Probably the Benjamin Clark, and Robert Parker, with friends inside or outside and also most importasnt never wear masks inside or outside with the institute’s director of strategy and technical solutions, worked together finding was about friends. to prepare the survey and process the not surprising,” Clark said of individuals who the“That’s results. results. “This pandemic has been were vaccine Both Clark and Parker said one of the politicized in a way that is very sad and most important findings of the survey disappointing, and I think that we would hesitant.” was about Oregonian’s attitudes toward not have seen multiple surges of COVID the COVID-19 vaccine. According to the if we had a more reasoned approach to ROBERT PARKER survey, 24% of respondents said they IPRE director of strategy and it.” technical solutions “will not” get vaccinated, and 33% said Clark acknowledged that he can’t they “might” get vaccinated. blame politics entirely, and said human “Probably the most important finding was nature — and the nature of the virus itself — have about individuals who are vaccine hesitant,” also contributed to the spread. Parker said. Some of the survey results showed promising The results said at least two-thirds of the trends, and Parker said he remains optimistic population need to get vaccinated in order to that people’s attitudes about the virus and getting achieve “herd-immunity,” which is the societal vaccinated are changing, especially because 88% protection that can occur when enough of the of respondents said they know someone who has population gets vaccinated for the disease, Clark contracted COVID-19. said. “Nearly everybody’s been touched in a tangible Nearly all Oregonians in the “maybe” category way by this disease,” he said. regarding getting vaccinated have to be moved These results are just the first set of results into the “yes” category to reach the level needed released from the initial survey of Oregonians, for herd immunity, Parker said. To do this, Clark Clark said. The survey also asked questions about said public health messaging needs to address childcare and employment status, and Clark and the reasons people Parker are working on processing the data from are hesitant about the those answers to release in the coming weeks. vaccine. Based on survey responses, Parker said Respondents made it it was “pretty clear that childcare was an clear that their primary underappreciated element of our economic reasons for being system.” hesitant were concerns Clark and Parker also worked on a separate about side effects survey of UO students, Clark said, which they or even contracting hope to publish in the coming weeks. Clark said COVID-19 from the the results were similar to those from the general vaccine — which is not population, and, similarly, there is just a small how vaccines work, group of people practicing risky behaviors. Clark said. “There’s a lot of really frustrated students about “[Vaccines] just build those types of activities,” Clark said. an immune response Both Clark and Parker encourage Oregonians to [the disease] that to get the vaccine when it becomes available, (Courtesy of Benjamin Clark) sometimes feels like you and they encourage government and health may have some of the organizations to practice more aggressive public symptoms,” Clark said, “but the disease itself is health messaging. not there.” Parker hopes UO students choose to practice While Clark has noticed local public health safe behavior and get vaccinated when they can, messaging start to address people’s concerns too. about the virus head-on, information about the “The university can’t tell people to get cost of the vaccine, for example, hasn’t gotten vaccinated,” he said, “but it’s the one thing through. [people] can do that will get you back to the “The federal legislation — the CARES Act — college experience that you so desired when you made it clear that the vaccine was going to be free enrolled at the University of Oregon.”

REGIONAL AND STATE NEWS ZOOM THEATRE: Portland resident Patrick Nims founded Zoom Theatre, a live video theater, to deliver fully staged live theater to virtual audiences. Shows are selected and staged specifically for webcam viewing, and audience members are encouraged to turn on their mics, letting natural responses like laughter and applause happen in real-time. Zoom Theatre is currently playing “I and You,” a sentimental story about a young girl with a fatal illness. – SARAH-MAE MCCULLOUGH TV SCHEDULE ANNOUNCED FOR WOMEN’S BASKETBALL: The Pac-12 announced the remaining TV schedule for Oregon women’s basketball on Saturday. Both of Oregon’s two remaining games will be televised nationally. The No. 10 Ducks will face No. 11 Arizona on Feb. 8 and No. 1 Stanford on Feb. 15. Both will be broadcast on ESPN2. – SHANE HOFFMANN

(Maddie Knight/Emerald)

FIRST OREGONIAN TESTS POSITIVE FOR COVID-19 U.K. VARIANT: A staff member at the University of Portland tested positive for the more contagious variant of COVID-19 on Saturday, Oregon Public Broadcasting reported. Dr. Dean Sidelinger, the state epidemiologist, said the detection of the new strain in the state is a concern, according to OPB. Researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predict the new variant could become dominant in the U.S. by March. – JACK FORREST

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NEWS

UNIVERSITY CONTINUES WITH RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT PLANS DESPITE OPPOSITION BY COLE SINANIAN

(Courtesy of Cole Sinanian)

The end of fall term has brought the construction until specific projects for hours,” she said, referring to the Planning Committee meetings university one step closer to breaking have been funded and approved. aquatic life students can collect from are open to the public, she said ground in the controversial Willamette “It’s meant to be flexible, so when the river to study. “To be able to do the university doesn’t sufficiently Design Area, a 42-acre new needs arise that we this right on campus is astonishing advertise them, limiting community area of campus between might not know about and incredibly valuable.” involvement in campus planning. the railroad tracks and today, we have the plan In a 2019 study of the area’s bird and “I see it as a communication issue,” the Willamette River in place to guide and lead animal populations, Roy found dozens Mayne said. “I would really like to that’s at the forefront of those conversations,” of native species that use the river and see the university actively reach out a decadeslong land use Olsen said. its surrounding vegetation as habitat, and look for student and community battle between students, On Nov. 11, ASUO a number of which are threatened or engagement.” faculty and campus passed a senate resolution endangered. She said that, because of The amendment discusses the planning officials. opposing riverfront this, she believes the area should be possibility for projects to restore the The Campus development. The managed from a strictly ecological riverbank to a more natural condition, Planning Committee resolution requests that perspective. though Olsen said they won’t happen —a group of students, the university relocate the The final draft of the campus plan until there’s funding. faculty, administrators proposed amendment includes Campus Planning Committee and university playing fields language meant to meetings are often held during representatives that and that address community peak class hours, Roy said, making advises UO President the Campus concerns, Olsen said, it difficult for students and faculty Michael Schill on campus Planning including proposals to members to attend and participate in development projects Committee establish a 200-foot major votes. — voted Nov. 20 to revise the development setback According to a Dec. 4 appeal filed I see it as a recommend the approval Aaron Olsen (Courtesy of the campus plan from the riverbank, move by two Campus Planning Committee of an amendment to the University of Oregon) amendment to communication issue. I existing recreation fields members against the amendment’s campus plan that would designate the approval, only one of the 12 student would really like to see farther from the river and allow the university to construct entire Willamette Design prioritize and faculty Campus the university actively buildings and additional recreation Area as a natural area, natural Planning Committee reach out and look for fields along the river. which would prevent grass over members attended The vote comes after decades building and playing field student and community synthetic more than half of the of community opposition to construction. turf. fall term meetings engagement.” construction on the riverfront that While Olsen said According regarding the riverfront. stretches back to the mid-1980s, when that there are currently to the The appeal requests ANNIKA MAYNE UO began developing the Riverfront no concrete plans to Campus an additional public ASUO Senator Research Park, located just south of build playing fields Planning hearing at a time the railroad tracks along the Mill Race on the riverfront, Office’s conducive to student waterway. Since then, the university some community members are Senior Planner, Emily and faculty attendance has faced lawsuits, UO senate concerned that their construction Eng, future projects in as well as a revote resolutions, petitions and student could permanently damage the the Willamette Design on the amendment’s demonstrations against riverfront area’s ecosystem if they are built, Area are not limited approval with a quorum development. particularly if they are constructed to playing fields and of Campus Planning The amendment designates 60% with synthetic turf. buildings. Committee members of the Willamette Design Area for UO biology professor Bitty Roy has “When we talk present. conservation, 20% for other open taught classes on the riverfront and about projects, even UO Chief Financial space, 16% for recreation fields and advocated for the area’s conservation restoration could be a Officer Jamie Moffitt Emily Eng (Courtesy of the University of presided over the hearing. 4% for buildings. The area currently for over a decade. She’s especially potential project,” Eng Oregon) houses the Riverfront Fields, which concerned about the habitat loss that said. “There’s a wide She will issue a written the UO men’s and women’s rugby could result from future construction range of projects that could happen.” decision by Feb. 4 that will either send teams use. and how it could affect the riverfront’s Annika Mayne, one of the ASUO the campus plan amendment back to According to university Landscape educational value. senators who wrote the resolution, the Campus Planning Committee for Planning Associate Aaron Olsen, the “It takes one minute of netting, sees community outreach as Campus further review, or let its recommended campus plan does not guarantee and you’ve got students occupied Planning’s weak point. While Campus approval to President Schill stand. PA G E 4

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A&C

FEMME HOUSE

SUPPORTS FEMALE & NONBINARY MUSICIANS, PRODUCERS & ENGINEERS BY GRACE MURRAY • TWITTER @GRACIEE_MURRAYY Electronic music has paved its way into the forefront of the music industry, garnering massive festivals, growing fan bases and a new wave of producers. While it has exploded in popularity, it has only brought one type of performer and producer to the top — men. In a genre and industry that is disproportionately White and male, a group of women have set out to create a safe space for women, People of Color and nonbinary people to thrive. Femme House sprouted out of a passion for offering support and inclusivity in an industry and genre that desperately needed it. Dance music is ranked as the third most popular genre in the world with an estimated 1.5 billion regular listeners according to the International Music Summit’s Business Report from 2019. According to the Recording Academy, only 2% of the popular music made in 2019 was produced by women. “A lot of this culture and industry is about gatekeeping, and, you know, typically the gatekeepers are White and male,” said Lauren A. Spalding, co-founder of Femme House. “As we tip toe into that space where we can become gatekeepers, we can sort of change what the gate looks like and,

even more importantly, change what it looks like behind the gate.” LP GIOBBI, another Femme House co-founder, is Eugene-born andraised but is currently a Los Angelesbased DJ who has dedicated much of her time in the last few years to supporting aspiring DJs, producers, engineers and musicians since she once was in their position. “It wasn’t until I heard that Grimes produced her own record that I had even thought I could have that role,” LP GIOBBI said. “Once I realized I could be a real producer, what other things did I not realize that I can do just because there’s no visual representation of myself? I think it’s just the overall tool of empowerment, becoming things you don’t necessarily see.” The Femme House platform has grown to meet all imaginable needs of new and growing artists. Beyond its classes and free workshops, they also assist in advocating to give female and nonbinary producers, engineers and performers stage and radio time. A large community has risen in Femme House’s wake, bringing together artists who have gone on to create together, learn from one another and uplift each other.

A Femme House panel speaks at Moogfest, a music, art and technology festival. (Caroline Cockrell)

“It’s not about one single person,” said Elena Strawn, social media manager for Femme House. “It’s about everyone lifting everyone up and making it so that if one person succeeds we’re all going to succeed.” Regardless of this dramatic shift to online in the last LP GIOBBI, a DJ and co-founder of Femme House, in Eugene in December year, Femme House 2020. (Sarah Northrop/@SARTAKESPICS) has managed to revolutionize their platform, creating LP GIOBBI kicks off a 12-hour-long a global community. All classes and performance that allows a lineup workshops were formerly in person, of female and nonbinary artists to mostly in Los Angeles, and typically perform. Starting on Jan. 30 every rounded up around 15 to 20 people, Saturday at 6 p.m. PST the “LP GIOBBI but with the new online presence, Presents Femme House Radio” show there have been nearly 150 people will air on Diplo’s Revolution on Sirius attending workshops from all over the XM. world. A new focus has also been put “We’re trying to change the on expanding the number of People of development channel and you know Color involved in Femme House with for us I think it’s all about, at the the start of the new year including a risk of sounding cliche, lifting as we new scholarship program as well as climb,” Spalding said. “In 15 years free classes for People of Color. honestly I hope it’s not weird or sort Each Friday Femme House hosts of unorthodox to see a female DJ “Femme House Fridays” on the headlining EDC.” streaming platform Twitch where

LP GIOBBI, a DJ and co-founder of Femme House, in Eugene in December 2020. (Sarah Northrop/@SARTAKESPICS) T U E S D AY, J A N U A R Y 1 9 , 2 0 2 1

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COVER

Students cheat with online learning service, professors hope to identify users BIOLOGY INSTRUCTORS NICOLA BARBER AND ALAN KELLY BELIEVE CHEGG PROVIDES USER DATA TO AVOID COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT LAWSUITS. BY CLAIRE WARNER

TWITTER @CLAIRENWARNER

University of Oregon Senior Instructor of Biology Alan Kelly first learned Academic integrity and copyrighted test questions that students were using Chegg, an education technology company, to cheat on exams from a colleague at the University of Maryland in November. After their Some students may believe their online academic misconduct is lost on conversation, Kelly pulled up the company’s website and copied his test questions professors, but this is far from the truth. Several UO professors are requesting into the search bar. The results showed almost every question had been posted and Chegg’s help to identify students using their services to cheat on exams through its solutions provided. honor code investigation request form. Chegg’s honor code policy states it does not tolerate use of its services “for any But Kelly and Nicola Barber, career instructor of biology, said they believe the sort of cheating or fraud,” while several UO chemistry and biology professors company has an ulterior motive for cooperating with universities. have told the Daily Emerald that some students are accessing solutions to exam “All of the course materials in our courses are copyrighted,” Barber said. “So questions through Chegg’s subscription-based service, Chegg Study. if students upload test questions, for example, to websites like Chegg, that’s a Launched in 2014, Chegg Study provides students 37 million Q&A’s “to help copyright infringement.” students better understand their schoolwork,” according to its website. While many Besides stating that users should not use Chegg’s services for academic of its customers use the service to do just that, some students pay the $14.95-permisconduct, Chegg’s honor code also said users “should only upload content to our month subscription fee to get dependable answers during unproctored online website that you’ve made, or that you’re otherwise authorized to post.” Meanwhile, exams. the Chegg Study webpage tells students, “Take a photo of your question and get an “Students had been posting our questions from the very answer in as little as 30 mins.” first exam,” Kelly said. “They were actually getting real-time The Digital Millennium Copyright Act’s notice and takedown answers from the Chegg tutors.” process requires that service providers remove material that Students can type or upload photos of questions and a copyright owner identifies on their website through a valid receive solutions from Chegg’s network of “experts” notice of copyright infringement or become subject to potential in an average of 46 minutes according to the Chegg secondary liability for assisting with copyright infringement, Chegg does not want to get sued by Study webpage. Senior instructor of chemistry Thomas according to Copyright Alliance. universities for copyright infringement, Greenbowe told the Emerald that Chegg allegedly attempted Chegg Inc. has been sued twice in federal court for claims of so they’re happy to work with faculty to recruit UO graduate students to answer chemistry copyright infringement, denying allegations in both instances. who are concerned about their course questions uploaded to Chegg in the spring. The students “Chegg does not want to get sued by universities forcopyright materials ending up on their website.” informed instructors that they declined the offer. infringement, so they’re happy to work with faculty who Services like Chegg have become more accessible are concerned about their course materials ending up on NICOLA BARBER to students during unproctored exams in the wake of their website,” Barber said. She added that Chegg has sent Career instructor of biology the coronavirus pandemic, causing what UO chemistry IP addresses of students using the service to professors who professor Shannon Boettcher believes is a “huge problem request them. with academic dishonesty across the nation in the light of remote Kelly said he submitted a request to Chegg for user information learning and COVID-19.” when he found his original exam questions on Chegg’s website. With the help Many of Boettcher’s exam questions came from a general chemistry test bank, of a teaching assistant, he spent several hours compiling a list of 47 posts and which helps instructors save time and avoid mistakes associated with writing requested that Chegg remove them from its website and provide user information original test questions. In Boettcher’s spring term general chemistry class, he to help him identify students involved. randomized test questions and reduced the time limit for students to take their “One of the most time-consuming things that we do as teachers is actually trying exams to curtail cheating. to come up with substantive, fair, exam, quiz and bio report questions for the Although he considered his methods “quite successful,” he learned toward the end students,” Kelly said. “If everybody already knows them ahead of time, they’re really of the course that Chegg “has every single question from every single test bank that not very good questions anymore.” I have ever seen,” Boettcher said. He admitted that, to his surprise, some students’ In a response from Chegg three days later, he learned that approximately 8% of scores increased from 50% to nearly 100% between the first and second exam. his class had published or accessed exam questions on the service, many doing Their scores then plummeted during the final exam when he modified the test bank so during the testing window. Although Chegg removed the posts, Alan found the questions so students couldn’t use Chegg. information Chegg provided him — including user IDs, personal email addresses and Chegg did not respond to requests for comment or address written questions IP addresses — unhelpful in identifying these students. from the Emerald. “Why couldn’t Chegg just give me names?” Kelly said. “It seems to me that they’re really just covering the tracks of the students who misuse this service.” Kelly forwarded the information Chegg provided to Katy Larkin, UO director of

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COVER Chegg Study provides students

37 MILLION Q&A’S

“to help students better understand their schoolwork.”

student conduct. experts that fail to answer more than a certain number of questions, regardless of “Online sources, including Chegg, are a common factor in academic misconduct whether such questions or answers would infringe third-party rights.” cases, regardless of the method of instruction,” Larkin said, adding that the Ian Ballon, an attorney who represented Chegg, said in a hearing on Nov. 16, 2017, information Chegg provides does not always help her that the company takes down posts any time a copyright identify cheating students. owner submits a DMCA notice. When ACS identified their “As much work as it is for us to prevent or pursue cases questions, Chegg took them down “usually within 24 hours of academic misconduct, I think it’s our duty to protect the or less,” Ballon told the judge. “And Chegg has no interest in students who are doing legitimate work and not getting helping students cheat. That’s not their business.” displaced by cheaters,” Kelly said. “It’s really maddening and A settlement conference is scheduled for Feb. 2, according as a colleague described it, it’s a game of whack-a-mole. You to court records. figure out how to prevent one form of cheating and now they Apart from its subscription services, Chegg rents and sells come up with something else.” textbooks. The publishing company John Wiley & Sons Inc. Chegg’s reach extends beyond UO, as professors at Purdue filed a lawsuit against Chegg on Dec. 18, 2018, in Manhattan University criticized the partnership between Chegg and U.S. District Court, alleging that Chegg sold counterfeit Purdue’s renowned Online Writing Lab. They have accused versions of its textbooks. According to the complaint, in Chegg of copyright infringement and helping students December 2017, Chegg “acknowledged that it routinely ALAN KELLY cheat, according to Inside Higher Ed. Professors feared the purchases used textbooks from sources who may deal in University of Oregon senior instructor of biology partnership — developed to improve Chegg users’ writing counterfeit works.” The company also advertises that it sells skills — could harm Purdue OWL’s reputation. textbooks at a discount of up to 90%, the court filing showed. “If the schools want to take this seriously, they’re going to have to go up the “Despite recognizing its risk in purchasing and re-selling textbooks, in its 2017 chain of command and not just leave it to the professors and the instructors and 10-K, Chegg admitted that it has not implemented any measures to decrease the somebody in the office of student conduct,” Kelly said. “We need to get people likelihood that it will re-sell counterfeit textbooks,” according to the court filing. higher up including, perhaps, legal council to threaten Chegg with lawsuits if they In its answer to the complaint, Chegg denied that the claims “have any merit.” The are not cooperating.” parties agreed to dismiss the case in July 2019.

“Why couldn’t Chegg just give me names? It seems to me that they’re really just covering the tracks of the students who misuse this service.”

Litigation The Examinations Institute of the American Chemical Society, which creates standardized chemistry exams for high school and college students, filed a lawsuit against Chegg on June 19, 2017, in San Francisco U.S. District Court, alleging it had published answers to questions from ACS test booklets and study guides. The nonprofit gets its revenue from exam fees and study guide sales, and creation of unbiased ACS exams that meet chemistry proficiency standards is a costly, timely and collaboratively intensive process, according to the complaint. All ACS test questions are copyrighted, along with most textbooks, study guides and exam booklets. “Chegg facilitates and profits from cheating through a business model that thrives on copyright infringement and academic fraud,” the complaint read. “Chegg has engaged in unlawful, unfair, and fraudulent business acts or practices by encouraging students to cheat on their examinations and to infringe copyrights through the provision of its Q&A service.” According to the court filing, “Chegg pays its experts per question answered and fires

Fessing Up One of Kelly’s students admitted to using Chegg during an exam after he threatened cheaters with harsher penalties if they didn’t come forward. The student received an F on the exam and a mark on their permanent record. “I appreciated that they were remorseful enough and had enough integrity to come and admit to their mistake and accept the responsibility,” Kelly said. “In my book, their integrity shot through the roof.” Kelly said they were a good student who asked questions frequently and was engaged in the course. He similarly described another student he suspected of using Chegg to cheat based on their email address. “I think there is this temptation, something that’s distinguishing this form of cheating from old school cheating,” Kelly said. “It’s readily accessible, it doesn’t take any effort, it’s not hugely expensive, so what a temptation.” Kelly added that if he is able to identify other students involved through the student conduct office, the penalty for those students will be much harsher.

(Courtesy of Sandra Warner) T U E S D AY, J A N U A R Y 1 9 , 2 0 2 1

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SPORTS

TURNOVERS PLAGUE DUCKS IN LOSS TO ARIZONA WILDCATS, 57-41 BY CARLY EBISUYA• TWITTER @CARLYEBISUYA Te-Hina Paopao slumped on the bench in the third quarter, her arms laid above her head, sinking back into her chair. Her body language said it all. Down 46-27 — Oregon’s largest deficit of the game — to the No. 11 Arizona Wildcats, the quick trip to the desert was anything but easy for Oregon. The pressure was on for both teams. No. 10 Oregon traveled to play No. 11 Arizona for the Wildcat’s first nationally televised game on ESPN since 2005. The Ducks had won their past ten matchups against Arizona, the last loss being in the 2015-16 season in the Pac-12 tournament. Arizona’s defensive pressure amounted and the Ducks couldn’t muster any life in Tucson on Thursday, dropping their third loss in four games, 57-41. “We played on our heels the whole game,” Oregon coach Kelly Graves said. “We played scared, we turned the ball over. Really there was very little good that came out of the game.” The Ducks got off to their worst start of the season. They shot 2-for-14 from the field in the first quarter, combined with six turnovers and only seven points on the board. The Wildcats controlled the momentum with stifling on-ball defense in the full-court press, preventing the Ducks from getting into their offensive flow. By the end of the first quarter, Oregon had its largest first quarter deficit of the

season, down 22-7. They settled down into their offense in the second quarter, sparking an 11-4 run to start. Oregon’s Sedona Prince checked into the game for the first time since Dec. 21 against Washington State and was brought into the starting lineup for the second half. The Wildcats closed the second quarter on a 9-2 run, which halted any momentum the Ducks had going into the locker room. By the time the buzzer rang at half, Oregon was down 14. They had 13 turnovers in the first half alone — two more than their average per game — and 22 points at the half for a team that averages 80 points per game. Oregon needed a come-from-behind third quarter, but the Wildcats didn’t let the foot off the gas pedal. While the Ducks have mounted comebacks on numerous occasions, they couldn’t find the offensive footing they needed to create any type of momentum tonight in Tucson. “That third quarter we came out and we got good shots,” Graves said. “We made some stops, backto-back stops. Since our offense was so ugly, we just couldn’t get back in it, but we had the

opportunity to.” The Ducks scored a mere five points the entire third quarter, causing the Wildcats to take advantage on the offensive end. They forced the Ducks into 23 turnovers, Oregon’s season high. “I’m an offensive coach and I don’t think I’ve ever had a team that looked undisciplined and scared ever,” Graves said. “Maybe since community college, and even most of my community college teams could have put up 41.” Behind one of the nation’s best point guards in Aari McDonald, Arizona picked up one of their biggest wins of the season after an upset overtime loss to Washington State last week. McDonald extended her double-figure scoring streak to 77 games, an NCAA Division I best, and experienced her first win against Oregon in her career at Arizona. Oregon’s loss puts them at their third loss in four games, going 1-3 against nationally ranked teams this season. With their game against Arizona State in Scottsdale postponed, Oregon is officially halfway through their 22-game conference schedule and will need to bounce back against the Washington schools next week.

Ducks players huddle in before gathering around the hoop for a foul shot. Oregon Ducks take on the Oregon State Beavers at Gill Coliseum in Corvallis, Ore., on Dec. 13, 2020. (Kimberly Harris/Emerald)

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OPINION

WITH TRUMP GONE, SPORTS ACTIVISM WILL CHARGE FORWARD BY BAZIL STERLING

STERLING: TRUMP’S EXIT FROM THE OVAL OFFICE ISN’T ONLY THE GREATEST THING FOR ALL AMERICANS, BUT IT WILL ALSO FURTHER THE SOCIAL JUSTICE MOVEMENTS OF THE SPORTS WORLD WITHOUT CONTINUOUS OBSTRUCTION.

Courtesy of the University of Oregon

In the closing days of his shameful presidency, the oppressive shadow of Donald Trump will soon be dispelled by what is left of the American democracy. Throughout the past four years, sports activism has reached never-before-seen heights. Sparked by influential athletic-activists like Colin Kaepernick motivated by systemic obstacles, engagement from the four major U.S. sports has substantially evolved in recent years. By doing so, athletes have proved that they are not only role models for their athletic abilities but are genuine agents of social evolution. Without the so-called leader of the free world restricting, or disrespecting, the American right to peacefully protest, activism in sports will continue to thrive unhindered. From the WNBA influencing the outcome of the Georgia Senate races, to the NBA’s protest of playoff games in the wake of the police shooting of Jacob Blake, the sports world is advocating for social justice in a manner not seen in decades. Legends

such as Muhammad Ali and Jim Brown showed Americans what it means to be more than an athlete, and their influence has more than carried over into the 21st century. Their presence was felt throughout American sporting arenas, where many professional and collegiate teams reopened their doors as polling stations to fight voter suppression and make voices heard. Trump is notorious for his connection to racist ideologies and his refusal to counteract — or even acknowledge — systemic racism in America. His first presidential quarrel with athletic-activism came in 2016 when Colin Kaepernick began peacefully protesting during the pregame national anthem. Kaepernick clearly explained his reasoning, which Trump and company completely ignored. Kaepernick was subsequently bashed to the point where the Trump-sympathetic NFL blacklisted Kaepernick and sent a message to the rest of the league. Since then, Trump has continued his hobby of

bashing athletes, with his ideologies sparking Laura Ingraham’s notorious “shut up and dribble” clip directed toward LeBron James and Kevin Durant. Trump’s public disdain for peaceful protests that do not conform with his unhinged beliefs has continued to generate headlines. As a result, athletes refusing to attend championship celebrations at the White House is now common practice. What used to be considered an honor became an opportunity to reject Trump and his policies. With Trump out of office, headlines surrounding social justice movements in the sporting community will likely dwindle, but the voices of athletes and staff members alike will continue to be broadcasted uninterrupted. Not only will sporting leagues be able to exercise their First Amendment rights, but they will inspire the next generation of athletes to do the same. By continuing to engage in peaceful forms of nationally televised protesting, a novel standard will be set for what it truly means to be a role model.

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OPINION

THE

UN-AMERICAN AMERICANS AGHEL: The events of Jan. 6 reveal the fundamental contradiction in our nation’s history: Those who excoriate progress as un-American for the sake of American tradition are inherently un-American. It is time to resolve what it means to be American. BY PARSA AGHEL

Homemade signs reading “Defund big tech and bias media,” and “Stop China, stop socialism!” are taped to the wall outside of the federal courthouse. A pro-Trump rally was held at Wayne Morse United States Courthouse in Eugene, Ore., on Jan. 9, 2021, in response to the riot that took place at U.S. Capitol earlier in the week. (Summer Surgent-Gough/Emerald)

What does it mean to be American? This question is intriguing because the answer differs based on who you ask. When I think of that question right now, I quickly remember the image seared in my mind from nearly two weeks ago. Sauntering through the hallowed halls of Congress, a traitor brandishes the Confederate flag proudly. Why wouldn’t he? After all, he was basically guided in by the “equitable” police response. What was so concerning was that it was the first time the flag had entered the building, an exclusion of certainty since 1865. And during this, the could-not-come-sooner-ex-President watched in a tent with glee, a man that more than 74 million Americans voted for two months ago. A little over a week ago, Republican terrorists stormed our Capitol, forcing Congress to halt the process to PA G E 1 0

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confirm a peaceful transfer of power. The image is harrowing because it symbolizes an unspoken truth: conservative, traditionalist America — who claims to believe in the protection and maintenance of America’s original constitutionalist values — are the ones rejecting America’s own institutions. “It’s 1776,” wrote freshly elected and QAnon deluder U.S. Rep. Lauren Boebert; to her, this was the embodiment of America. Alea Iacta Est. In ancient Rome, this phrase means, “The die is cast.” It comes from the moment when Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon River to declare the war against Pompey. When Caesar crossed the Rubicon, though, he became a tyrant for it as an act of treason — it was deliberately “un-roman.” And it led to the collapse of Rome. Despite that historical reality, the first name we think of when we think of Rome is Julius Caesar —

he is the modern embodiment of Romanism. Romanism is cemented by un-Romanness. Today, we run a similar risk. What it means to be American is threatened to remain the image of terrorists brandishing the Confederate flag alongside terrorists with the American flag, smashing through the windows of America’s institutions. The die is cast for us, and the worst thing we could do is allow this definition to stick, or worse, slither by unchallenged. Instead, we have a moment. A chance to redefine what it means to be American. As they stormed the Capitol last week, the dramatic irony was palpable: the same un-American demagogue lambasts the other side of America as un-American. By the other side, I mean the side that fights for the lives of individuals regardless of race. The side that pursues policies

and restructuring of the economy to protect the backbone of the nation and to guarantee a livable quality of life for all. The side that Mike Pence astutely tried to chastise as one that “wants to make the rich poorer, and the poor more comfortable.” To them, this other sect of America, the one that pursues change is unAmerican. Mind you, positive changes with regard for human life are unAmerican. And they’re right. This is because it takes America further from its point of inception; “We the people” was originally intended for only White men. Every single attempt to change it, small or large, has been resisted with the fury of the dominant class. Every successful change strays further from the vision that the Founding Fathers had. The vision that the unAmerican Americans shattered the glass of Congress for. While many,

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including myself, seek a nation where it is American to make things better, not living in oppressive tradition but instead altruistic progress, the history of America suggests otherwise. A contradiction arises. Those who think of themselves as American are un-American, while simultaneously leading a successful campaign to label the opposite side as un-American. When we seek universal healthcare and better economic equity, it is soviet Russian. When we seek the regulation of corporations and of military grade weapons, it is Orwellian. This must be resolved. It is time for the side pursuing change to abandon our inhibitions. We’ve seen how this fear of being un-American can compromise the success of movements. I myself worry about it too. But now, I posit the question: why should we have this fear, when those who fostered it are un-American themselves?

I say enough. Alea Iacta Est. The die is cast. When the terrorists at the Capitol broke in, they reminded us of their true un-American roots, their treasonous nature like Caesar did. When we remember America centuries from now, we have an opportunity to have the — modern — definition remembered as something new and beautiful rather than the cruel history it has had up until this point. To redefine what it means to be American means to recognize the hypocrisies that lie in our history; those who want to keep America as it was have stooped to levels of rejecting its own institutions just to prevent “un-Americans” from making the nation a better place for all. So be it. Be un-American, if that is what they, of all people, want to call it. Throw caution to the wind in the pursuit of betterness.

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