Issuu

RECLAIMING PURPOSE

Hon. Tom Young on bringing intentionality back to the profession

FORGING AHEAD

Kathleen Kimball introduces the Paralegal Section’s Board of DIrectors

A PUBLICATION OF

ADVOCATING FOR KIDS

Cassidy Toro on the role of the Guardian Ad Litem in child welfare

AUGUST 2026 VOL. 94 NO. 7

FIND YOUR PLACE Meet the 2025-2026 Committee Chairs

12 I

COMMITTEE LEADERS

Meet the Orange County Bar Association’s 2026-2027 Committee Chairs

LETTERS FROM LEADERS

06 I PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE Find Your Place

Lisa Gong Guerrero, Esq.

08 I CLERK’S CORNER Investing in Justice

The Honorable Tiffany Moore Russell, Esq.

10 I CHIEF’S COLUMN

Reclaiming Purpose in the Profession The Honorable Tom Young

FROM THE COMMITTEES

18 I FAMILY LAW COMMITTEE Family Law Tips

Gabrielle J. D’Esposito, Esq.

FROM THE COMMITTEES

20 I PROFESSIONALISM COMMITTEE

Professionalism Is a Practice

Judeen Molyneux, Esq.

24 I PARALEGAL COMMITTEE Forging Ahead

Kathleen V. Kimball, FRP

26 I AWARDS REMARKS The Symphony of Professionalism C. Andrew Roy, Esq.

29 I LITERARY SOCIETY COMMITTEE LEGAL AID SOCIET Y

30 I WHAT WE DO

Advocating for Children Cassidy Toro, Esq.

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

32 I YOUNG LAWYERS SECTION

XiXi Li, Esq.

2026-2027 Reading List

SIDEBAR: NEWS / EVENTS / UPDATES

ADVERTISING DEADLINES Magazine: 10th of month prior to publication eEdition: 20th of month prior to distribution Copy: Six weeks prior to publication If the deadline falls on a weekend or holiday, the deadline is the next business day. Publication of advertising herein does not imply any endorsement of any product, service, or opinion advertised. The opinions and conclusions, including legal opinions and conclusions contained herein, are those of the authors and do not reflect official endorsement by the Orange County Bar Association or its officers and directors, unless specifically stated as such. ©2026 Orange County Bar Association. All rights reserved. ISSN 1947-3968

O CB A S E P T E M B E R LU N CHE ON 880 N. Orange Ave., Orlando, FL 32801 (407) 422-4551 Fax (321) 430-1558 orangecountybar.org Legal Aid Society (407) 841-8310 Citizen Dispute (407) 423-5732 Family Law Mediation (407) 423-5732 Lawyer Referral Service (407) 422-4537 Foreclosure Mediation (407) 515-4330 Young Lawyers Section (407) 422-4551

AUGUST 2026 VOL.94 NO.07

Editor Kate T. Hollis Associate Editors Christine Wasula Valencia N. Poitier Columnists Alena V. Baker Michael Stone Officers Lisa Gong Guerrero, President Michael Barber, President-Elect Brandon Sapp, Treasurer C. Andrew Roy, Secretary Sean Mendez Catlin, YLS President Executive Council Stephanie Alcalde Onchantho Am Joshua R. Brown Lisa Cunningham-Harvey Kate T. Hollis Keshara Cowans Bruce Mount Conti Moore Alisia Profit Rafael O. Rodriguez Christina Russo Walters C. Todd Smith Jennifer Smith Thomas Executive Director Candice Disorbo Advertising & Sponsorship Manager Ursla Gallagher

SAVE THE DATE!

Thursday, September 17, 11�30am–1pm at Marriott Orlando Downtown 400 W. Livingston St., Orlando, FL 32801 Joint Luncheon with the Hispanic Bar Association of Central Florida

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PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

FIND YOUR PLACE Lisa Gong Guerrero, Esq., is a Board-Certified

Specialist in Criminal Trial Law with 20 years of experience in criminal law. She is the founder of Gong Guerrero Law, PLLC, where she focuses her practice on criminal defense.

One of the questions I hear most often from new members is, "How do I get involved?" My answer is always the same: join a committee. While our luncheons, CLEs, networking events, and community service projects are some of the most visible things we do, our committees are really where the OCBA comes to life. They are where ideas are shared, friendships are formed, and so much of the work that benefits our members and our community begins. Whether you're looking to grow professionally, expand your network, give back, or simply get to know other members of the legal community, there's a committee for you. The OCBA has more than 30 committees, each offering a unique opportunity to connect, collaborate, and serve. Whether you're a judge, attorney, law student, paralegal, or legal professional, our committees bring together people with shared interests and a common goal of strengthening our profession and making a positive impact in our community. One of the things I appreciate most about our committees is that they offer so much more than meetings. Committee members organize educational programs that keep us informed about changes in the law. They create networking opportunities that build lasting professional relationships. They coordinate community service projects that allow us to give back to Central Florida. They remind us to prioritize health and wellness in a demanding profession. They mentor young lawyers and law students, recognize the accomplishments of our colleagues, and create opportunities for members to learn from one another. Through all of these efforts, our committees make the OCBA stronger and strengthen the legal community we serve. I've had the opportunity to serve on several committees over the years, and each one introduced me to new people, new perspectives, and new opportunities to serve. They reminded me that committee service isn't just about planning programs or attending meetings. It's about building relationships, developing future leaders, and working together to make our organization even better. The good news is you don't have to chair a committee or have years of experience to make a difference. Simply showing up is a great place to start. Attend a meeting. Volunteer for an event. Share an idea. Welcome a new member. Those small steps often lead to lasting friendships, meaningful mentorships, leadership opportunities, and experiences that can shape your career in ways you never expected. If you haven't joined a committee yet, I encourage you to explore one this year. Join one that aligns with your practice area or one that simply sounds interesting. You never know where that first committee meeting, conversation, or volunteer opportunity might lead. Finally, I want to thank every committee chair, co-chair, and committee member who generously volunteers their time throughout the year. Your dedication is what makes this organization so successful, and I'm grateful for everything you do for the OCBA and our legal community. If you're ready to get involved, we'd love to help. Reach out to one of our committee chairs or to me, and we'll help you find a committee that's the right fit. My hope this year is that every member finds a place where they feel connected, welcomed, and inspired to get involved. I hope to see you at a committee meeting or event soon.

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

CLERK’S CORNER

INVESTING IN JUSTICE

Legislative Wins That Strengthen Florida’s Clerks of Court. The 2026 legislative session concluded with significant victories for Florida’s Clerks of Court and the communities we serve. Following budget negotiations during the Special Session, the Florida Legislature approved the budget for Fiscal Year 2026-2027, which was subsequently signed into law by Governor Ron DeSantis. The budget includes meaningful The Honorable Tiffany investments in Clerk operations statewide, and when coupled with the passage of House Moore Russell, Esq., Bill 925, strengthens the financial stability of Clerk offices and supports continued access Orange County Clerk to justice for Floridians. of Courts, has been a member of the As Orange County Clerk of Court, I am especially encouraged by these legislative sucOCBA since 2004. cesses because they address longstanding funding challenges while recognizing the critical role Clerks play in supporting Florida’s justice system. Through the advocacy efforts of Florida Court Clerks & Comptrollers (FCCC), Clerks across the state worked together to educate lawmakers about the operational realities facing our offices. The results were substantial. The General Appropriations Act includes an additional $4�8 million in recurring funding for reimbursement of jury-related expenditures. Beginning July 1, 2026, Clerks statewide will receive $16�5 million annually to support jury-related due process costs. This investment helps ensure Clerks can continue fulfilling our constitutional and statutory responsibilities while supporting the efficient administration of justice. The Legislature also provided $1�83 million in nonrecurring funding for reimbursement of costs associated with Injunctions for Protection, Baker Act proceedings, Marchman Act proceedings, and Sexually Violent Predator cases. These essential services protect vulnerable individuals and promote public safety, yet they often create significant financial burdens on Clerk offices. This funding provides meaningful relief while helping ensure these important services remain available. Equally important is the passage of HB 925, recently signed into law by Governor Ron DeSantis. Effective July 1, the legislation provides stronger and more reliable funding mechanisms for Clerks of Court across Florida by allowing Clerk offices to retain a larger share of the fines and fees collected through court operations and public services. For Orange County, these changes are especially important. As one of the busiest Clerk’s Offices in Florida, we serve thousands of residents, businesses, attorneys, litigants, and visitors every day. Our office serves as a vital link between the courts and the community by processing legal filings, maintaining court records, collecting and distributing child support payments, assisting customers through affordable Self-Help services and attorney consultations, administering civil, criminal, and probate matters, and providing services such as passport applications and marriage licenses. The demands placed upon Clerk offices continue to grow, but our commitment to service remains consistent. These legislative investments help ensure we can continue delivering the high level of service our community expects while keeping pace with increasing caseloads, technological advancements, and operational responsibilities. These achievements would not have been possible without the support of dedicated legislative leaders who understand the importance of a strong and properly funded court system. I extend my sincere appreciation to Representative Dana Trabulsy, and Senator

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

Corey Simon for their leadership and sponsorship of HB 925. I also want to recognize and thank the members of the Orange County Legislative Delegation for their partnership and commitment to investing in Florida’s justice system and local communities: Senators Jason Brodeur, Keith Truenow, LaVon Bracy Davis, Carlos Guillermo Smith, and Kristen Arrington; and Representatives Erika Booth, Susan Plasencia, Doug Bankson, Rashon Young, Bruce Antone, Anna Eskamani, Johanna Lopez, Jennifer “Rita” Harris, Leonard Spencer, and Paula Stark. Their support demonstrates a clear understanding that Clerk offices are essential partners in the administration of justice. Whether assisting self-represented litigants, supporting jurors, maintaining court records, or helping families navigate legal processes, our work touches virtually every aspect of the judicial system. The legislative victories achieved this year represent more than budget allocations and statutory changes. They reflect an investment in access to justice, judicial efficiency, public trust, and the long-term sustainability of Florida’s Clerk of Court offices. As we move forward, my office remains committed to working alongside our judiciary, legal community, and legislative partners to continue strengthening the services we provide. Together, we can ensure Florida’s courts and Clerk offices remain equipped to meet the needs of our growing communities while upholding the principles of fairness, transparency, and justice that define our legal system. Sincerely,

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HOTEL SAVINGS The Residence Inn by Mariott. Discounted rates include complimentary self-parking, complimentary breakfast buffet, wireless HSIA. 680 N Orange Ave. / 407-482-1500

DISCOUNT SERVICES & MERCHANDISE OCBA Merchandise. Shop official OCBA apparel and accessories! Shirts, hats, visors, totes, water bottles and more. All sales go directly to the OCBA Foundation. ustore.net/group/orange-county-bar-association OCBA Marketplace. National Purchasing Partners (NPP) helps OCBA members reduce costs with exclusive pricing for a variety of popular brands including 1-800-Flowers, AmEx, Harry & David, HP, Omaha Steaks, Sherwin-Williams, Staples, Verizon, and more. Enroll for FREE at bit.ly/OCBASavingClub To become a Preferred Vendor, contact our Advertising & Sponsorship Department.

Tiﬀany Moore Russell Orange County Clerk of Courts

The businesses listed herein (the“Vendors”) are not affiliated with the Orange County Bar Association (OCBA) and shall not under any circumstances be deemed to have any authority to act on behalf of the OCBA. The OCBA does not make, and expressly disclaims, any warranty, representation, responsibility, or guarantee as to (a) the quality or suitability of the Vendors, their products, or services, and (b) the duration or validity of any discount or other promotion offered by any of the Vendors.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

CHIEF’S COLUMN

RECLAIMING PURPOSE IN THE PROFESSION The Honorable Tom Young

Circuit Judge Ninth Judicial Circuit Court

The modern practice of law often resembles the Red Queen’s treadmill: “Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place. If you want to get somewhere else, you must run at least twice as fast as that!”1 Then, “one day, we’re looking over our shoulder at the past, when everybody had to go, had to be, had to get somewhere,” wondering how we got to the point at which we find ourselves.2 Constant demands on our time and attention can cause us to lose sight of the control we possess over the decisions that aﬀect the direction and condition of our lives and careers. When was the last time you purposefully made space and time for serious reflection on where you are along the road of life? Are you where you thought you’d be—or where you want to be? The act of intentionally pausing to look inward—whether we call it meditation, contemplation, prayer, or simply soul-searching—is a revelatory step toward personal peace and professional satisfaction. Taking the time to name the tangibles and intangibles for which we are thankful, asking ourselves hard questions, and holding ourselves accountable not only for our answers and actions, but also for our indecision and inaction, can be liberating.3 Intentionality, in other words, provides a path around the proverbial treadmill. Investor-turned-author Sahil Bloom explores similar themes of purpose and pace in a book he wrote after his awakening to the reality that monetary wealth does not yield wealth of time.4 Bloom poses “big questions,” honest answers to which can be unsettling. One of the concepts he reflects on is the dichotomy of status: purchased status versus earned status. Purchased status is transactional and fleeting. A new “thing” quickly becomes worn or outdated or eclipsed by the next new thing. For many, status built through material acquisitions only deepens their attachment to the Red Queen and her never- ending, never-slowing treadmill. [A]nd still the Queen cried “Faster! Faster!” and dragged her along. “Are we nearly there?” Alice managed to pant out at last. “Nearly there!” the Queen repeated. “Why, we passed it ten minutes ago! Faster!”5 Earned status, in contrast, is unrushed, quiet, and cannot be bought. It is forged through work and relationships grounded in one’s commitments and expertise. Earned status makes no unwanted demand on one’s time or energy; rather, it exists as an enduring validation of one’s eﬀorts, integrity, and legacy. Bloom’s observations resonate in the legal profession because internalized notions of status influenced many of our decisions to pursue law as a career. Yet, many of us did not fully 1. Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking Glass, and What Alice Found There, Chapter 2 (1871). 2. Mary Chapin Carpenter, The Long Way Home, time* sex* love* (Columbia Nashville 2001). 3. Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E., “Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2003) 84(2), 377–389 (“Results suggest that a conscious focus on blessings may have emotional and interpersonal benefits.”). 4. Bloom, Sahil, The 5 Types of Wealth: A Transformative Guide to Design Your Dream Life (London: William Collins 2025). 5. Carroll, Through the Looking Glass at Chapter 2.

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The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

appreciate then how some forms of status are less a destination than a never-ending cycle—requiring more and more, faster and faster—wearing on our minds, bodies, families, and relationships. When did you last contemplate your path: how it led to where you are, how you feel about where you are, and what, if anything, you may want or need to adjust? These questions matter for individuals. Work consumes much, if not most, of our waking hours and inevitably bleeds into the rest of life. Dissatisfaction at work can manifest as disharmony in personal relationships, financial stress, addiction, or other self-destructive circumstances. The cumulative eﬀect of dissatisfaction contributes to distress, burnout, and resentment, often manifesting through incivility, performance deficits, or other professional shortcomings.6

Simply put, personal dissatisfaction is a breeding ground for professional lapses big and small. With all of this in mind, my hope for the profession is that its current and aspiring members will, if they haven’t already, harness the power of introspection and thanksgiving to guide their careers to a place providing personal peace and satisfaction. Professionalism flourishes there and, from there, many things are possible.

6. See, e.g., West C.P., Huschka, M.M., Novotny, P.J., et al., “Association of Perceived Medical Errors With Resident Distress and Empathy,” JAMA (2006) 296(9):1071-78; Dyrbye L.N., Massie F.S. Jr., Eacker A., et al., “Relationship Between Burnout and Professional Conduct and Attitudes Among U.S. Medical Students,” JAMA (2010) 304(11):1173-1180; Shanafelt T.D., Boone S., Tan L., et al., “Burnout and Satisfaction with Work-Life Balance Among US Physicians Relative to the General US Population,” Arch Intern Med (2012) 172(18):137785.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

Meet the Orange County Bar Association’s 2026-2027

Committee Leaders

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The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

elonging to committees is a wonderful way to build your practice, network, learn about business solutions from sponsors, and keep abreast of changes in the law and trends in your practice area or allied areas of law. Committee members also have opportunities to develop and present seminars as well as publish articles in The Briefs and online. We are proud to recognize the dedicated members who take on the leadership role of Chair or Co-Chair to keep our committees thriving. Joining a committee is free to all members. To join a committee, log in to your membership profile and select the committees in which you are interested. Your information will be sent to the committee chairs.

Business Law Committee CHAIR

Hunter Hagood-James A forum for business law events, services, and education. Encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including ERISA, franchise law, corporate governance, securities, commercial real estate, M&As, and more.

Alternative Dispute Resolution Committee CHAIR

Alicia Perez A forum for attorneys interested in ADR, providing information on relevant events, services, and educational opportunities.

Civic Community Engagement Service and Law Week Committee CHAIR Committee CHAIR

Christina Russo CO-CHAIR

Clyde Lemon Partners with local organizations to create community outreach events to celebrate the role of law in society and cultivate a deeper understanding of the legal profession.

Alisia Profit CO-CHAIR

Lisa Cunningham-Harvey Organizes events and initiatives to support charitable organizations and causes. Promotes pro bono work and public service among attorneys.

Appellate Committee CHAIR

Kim Mello A forum for discussion, education, and networking among appellate practitioners. Also promotes excellence in appellate practice through events, publications, and other resources.

Construction Law Committee CHAIR

Michael Kelley Dedicated to enhancing the legal representation of property owners, architects, engineers, contractors, subcontractors and others in the construction industry.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

COMMITTEE LEADERS

Criminal Law Committee CHAIR

Matthew Storch CO-CHAIRS

Sabrina Jadunandan Rebecca Smith-Hameroff Facilitates interaction among criminal law practitioners, including judges, public defenders, private defense lawyers, and prosecutors.

Gala Committee CO-CHAIRS

Lisa Cunningham-Harvey Roger Johnson This committee works to plan and coordinate the gala, which serves as a major fundraising event for the OCBA and its charitable initiatives.

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Diversity & Inclusion Committee CHAIR

Melissa Bryan Provides education, resources, and programming to support diversity and inclusion initiatives and to foster a culture of inclusion in the OCBA.

Health & Wellness Committee CHAIR

Leia Leitner Addresses the well-being of legal professionals to reduce stigma surrounding mental health and encourage self-care.

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

Estate, Guardianship & Trust Committee CHAIR

Catherine Hanna A forum to discuss changes and provide encouragement, information, seminars, and assistance in EGT law. Subcommittees address pertinent issues EGT practitioners face.

Family Law Committee CHAIR

Conti Moore A forum to further the knowledge and enhance the abilities of attorneys in family law. Invites accountants, mental health experts, judges, attorneys, and others to give presentations.

Immigration Intellectual Law Committee Property Law CO-CHAIRS Committee Walter Bagg Natalia Gove

Promotes understanding of fundamentals and nuances of immigration through CLEs, assisting with naturalization ceremonies, and providing opportunities to brainstorm immigration law developments.

CO-CHAIRS

Joshua Brown Jefferson Deery Provides education, networking opportunities, and resources to keep practitioners of patent, trademark, and copyright law up-to-date on these complex and rapidly evolving areas.

Law Week 5K Committee Judicial Relations Committee CHAIR

Vincent Chiu CO-CHAIRS

Michael Kelley Caitlin Emling

CHAIR

Jimmy Pham CO-CHAIR

Rafael Rodriguez Assists in developing the plan and execution for the OCBA Annual 5K Run and encouraging attorneys to participate in and support the event.

A liaison between attorneys and the judiciary to foster positive relationships; promote professionalism and respect; and provide education on developments in the legal system.

Membership Committee CHAIR

Onchantho Am CO-CHAIR

Leesa Badley Responsible for recruitment, retention, and development of programs and initiatives to ensure the OCBA remains responsive to the changing needs of members.

Mentoring Program Committee CHAIR

Cooper Powell This committee fosters professional growth, leadership development, and meaningful connections within the OCBA by facilitating mentoring relationships between experienced attorneys and newer members of the legal profession. The committee supports law students, young lawyers, and attorneys at all stages of their careers through mentorship.

Lawyers LRIS Literary Society Committee CHAIR Committee C. Todd Smith

CHAIR

Dorothy Green A forum for legal professionals to engage in thoughtful discussions on literature and its impact on their profession. The committee meets 10 times a year to discuss a selected book and occasionally hosts literary events such as author talks.

The LRIS connects community members with the best attorney to address their legal needs for a free 30-minute consultation; the OCBA collects 15% of legal fees thereafter.

Parents in the Personal Injury Law Committee Law Committee CHAIR

CHAIR

Provides support and resources to promote worklife balance and address the unique challenges faced by attorney-parents.

CO-CHAIR

Stephanie Alcalde

Brandon Sapp Eloisa Pino A forum for attorneys practicing and/or interested in the field of personal injury to further their knowledge and enhance their ability to counsel clients.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

COMMITTEE LEADERS

Professionalism Real Property Committee Committee

Social Committee

Social Security Committee

CHAIR

Advocates for professionalism in the legal community by teaching the principles of professionalism and developing resources on maintaining and improving professional conduct.

A forum to discuss and collaborate on real estate law issues. Provides educational events and resources, as well as opportunities for networking and building professional relationships within the real estate legal community.

CO-CHAIR

A networking and support group to share knowledge and collaborate on issues related to Social Security law. Offers education and resources to help attorneys stay informed on developments in this area of the law.

Solo & Small Firm Committee

Technology Committee

Veterans Committee

CHAIR

A forum to share ideas, information, and resources on the efficient and appropriate use of emerging technologies that have the potential to impact the legal industry.

Advocates for veterans by raising awareness of legal issues affecting veterans; helping veterans navigate the legal system; and recognizing veterans within the profession.

XiXi Li

Sidney Dominicci

CHAIR

Josh Savage Advocates for the unique needs and interests of solo and small firm practitioners. Provides resources and support through networking events, CLE programs, and other opportunities.

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Nequosha Anderson

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

Scott Leitner Sabrina Jadunandan This committee fosters camaraderie and strengthens relationships within the OCBA by creating welcoming and engaging social opportunities for members.

Deborah Mitchell

Sarah Jacobs

2026

New Lawyer Training Program

Become a Successful Legal Practitioner!

Day 1: Friday, October 16 Orange County Bar Association

Day 2: Friday, Novemer 6 Court House

Why Attend?

Student: $125

(Includes OCBA student membership)

Network with Seasoned Legal Professionals and Judges Earn CLE credits Exclusive Access to the Ninth Judicial Circuit Automatic Enrollment in OCBA’s Mentoring Program

Registration Includes: Breakfast and Lunch All Educational Materials 11 General Credits; 2 Professionalism; 2 Technology; 1 Ethics

OCBA Member: $175 Non-member: $195

Early Bird Rate Only Available Until September 8!

FAMILY LAW

FAMILY LAW TIPS Gabrielle J. D’Esposito, Esq. Family Law Staff Attorney at Community Legal Services of Mid-Florida, OCBA member since 2025

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how the other party failed to comply, and why the violation was willful. The Your Guide to Enforcement and Contempt motion should also explain Proceedings in Florida Family Law Cases. the relief being requested from the court. That might include unpaid support, n Florida family law cases, people often misunmakeup timesharing, derstand what contempt actually means. Many attorney’s fees, sanctions, assume that if the other side is being unreaor another remedy permitsonable, ignoring requests, or making co-parenting difficult, the court will automatically step in. That is not ted under Florida law. One of the biggest how contempt works. Courts are not there to referee every disagreement between former spouses or parents. mistakes litigants make is turning the motion into a A judge can only enforce a violation when there is a clear court order and sufficient proof that the order was personal attack. Judges are interested in whether intentionally ignored. an enforceable order was violated, not in hearing every grievance between the parties. A filing that Before filing anything, The starting point in any is organized, direct, and it is important to identify contempt or enforcement exactly what provision was supported by evidence is case is the order itself. usually far more effective violated. General accusaThere must be a written than one filled with anger order entered by the court, tions rarely carry much or accusations. and the language has to be weight in court. Saying Proper notice is another specific enough to enforce. someone merely doesn’t critical part of the process. abide by the parenting Informal arrangements Filing a motion does not between the parties, verbal plan or child support automatically place the order, is not sufficient. promises, text exchanges, matter before the court. Judges expect details. If or “the way things have The opposing party must support payments were always been done” are receive proper notice of missed, the dates and usually not enough. amounts should be identi- the hearing. If that party Courts need precise has an attorney, service fied. If exchanges did not language. For example, occur, the specific missed is typically made through an order requiring a child counsel. If not, the rules dates and circumstances exchange every week on regarding service still have matter. The stronger a specific time and date cases are usually the ones to be followed carefully. at a designated location Courts are very strict supported by organized is enforceable because the terms are concrete. By facts instead of emotional about due process, and hearings are often canfrustration. contrast, language that celed or rescheduled when A Motion for Contempt requires interpretation, notice requirements are like “child exchanges shall or Enforcement should not met. clearly explain several occur after school” can Most contempt prothings: the existence of create issues as it is not concrete enough to trigger the court order, the obliga- ceedings involve evidentions created by that order, tiary hearings, meaning enforcement.

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

evidence and testimony will be presented to the judge. These hearings are not simply opportunities to explain why someone feels wronged. The court must determine whether there was a valid order, whether the order was violated, whether the person had the ability to comply, and whether the failure to comply was intentional. Preparation often makes the diﬀerence between success and failure. Parties should bring copies of the relevant orders, payment histories, communication records, calendars, screenshots, financial

documents, or any other evidence supporting their position. Organization matters. A party who arrives prepared and focused is generally more credible than one searching through text messages in the courtroom. If the court finds contempt, judges have several enforcement options available. Depending on the facts of the case, the court may order immediate compliance, establish payment deadlines, award support arrears, grant makeup parenting time, require payment of attorney’s fees, or impose additional

sanctions. In more serious cases, incarceration can be ordered, but only when the court determines the individual has the present ability to comply and is given a clear way to correct the violation. Even after a successful hearing, the process is not complete until a written order is entered. Without a signed order outlining the court’s findings and directives, enforcement becomes much more diﬃcult. At its core, contempt is not about proving someone is diﬃcult or unfair. It is about showing, with

evidence, that a clear court order existed and that it was intentionally violated. Courts respond to preparation, specificity, and proof—not emotion.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

PROFESSIONALISM

PROFESSIONALISM IS A PRACTICE

XiXi Li, Esq., is an attorney at Sasso and Sasso, P.A., where she practices complex commercial litigation, construction litigation, and election law. Ms. Li currently serves as the Chair of the Professionalism Committee, Governor for the Ninth Judicial Circuit for the Florida Bar Young Lawyers Division, Programs Director of CFAWL, and on the OCBA Young Lawyers Section Board.

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zealous advocacy, but as the framework that makes advocacy trustworthy in the first place. Florida has built a substantial body of professionalism guidance — the The Work of the OCBA Professionalism Supreme Court’s Code for Committee Resolving Professionalism Complaints, the Florida hen the Orange County Bar Association was founded in 1933, it set out a purpose that still Bar’s Professionalism Expectations, the Creed of anchors the organization today: to promote honor, dignity, truth, and professionalism within the legal Professionalism, the Oath of Admission every one of community. Nearly a century later, those words are easy to nod along to and surprisingly hard to live. Professional- us swore, the resources of ism isn’t a credential you earn once and hang on the wall. the Henry Latimer Center It’s a practice — a set of habits exercised, or neglected, in for Professionalism, and the Ninth Judicial Circuit every email to opposing counsel, every representation to Local Professionalism the court, and every deadline kept or missed. Panel. These are excellent resources but much of it goes unread after admission. A big part of what we I have the honor of serv- is to help the members of do is bring these standards this Bar understand them, ing as chair of the OCBA internalize them, and carry down from the shelf and Professionalism Commitinto conversations local them into practice. tee, and I don’t take the lawyers can actually use. role lightly. Of all the work this association does, few MORE THAN CIVILITY things feel more central It is tempting to treat CONTINUING LEGAL to who we are as lawyers professionalism as a matEDUCATION AS THE ENGINE than this. So let me tell you ter of good manners: be Our primary vehicle for a little about what we do, courteous, return phone that work is continuing legal education. CLE and why I think it matters calls, and confer with opposing counsel. Those is where the abstract as much as it does. Our purpose, simply things matter, but that is becomes concrete. A rule put, is to make sure those just the surface. Underrecited in a handbook is founding words mean neath sits something more forgettable; the same rule something in the daily life demanding: the recogniexamined through a real of a lawyer practicing here tion that a lawyer is both scenario — a discovery in Orange County. We work an advocate for a client dispute that went sideto keep professionalism and an oﬃcer of the court, ways, an ex parte commufrom drifting into the and that those two roles nication that should never abstract. Civility, candor, must be held in balance. have happened, a deadline and competence are not That’s where our work that quietly lapsed — just slogans for an awards begins. We want to help tends to stay with you. dinner, they are working attorneys see professionalThrough our programobligations, and our job ism not as a constraint on ming, we focus our CLE

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

Coﬀee with the Court – Ninth Judicial Circuit and U.S. Bankruptcy Court Middle District Judge Madrigal, Judge Beamer, Judge Bigney, Judge Robson, Judge Adams

eﬀorts on three areas that sit at the heart of competent, professional practice. The first is the rules of procedure. A surprising amount of professional conflict is really procedural confusion: lawyers who do not fully grasp the mechanics of service, scheduling, or motion practice end up creating friction that reads as incivility but actually began as inexperience. Helping attorneys master the procedural rules is, in a real sense, professionalism work. The second is ethics. The Rules Regulating The

Florida Bar are the floor beneath every lawyer’s conduct, and they reward careful study rather than vague familiarity. Our programming aims to move members past a general sense of “what feels right” toward a working understanding of what the rules actually require — in conflicts, in client communication, in candor, and in the everyday judgment calls that rarely make it into a casebook.

THE DUTY OF CANDOR

The third area, and one we come back to deliberately, is the duty of

Former Florida Bar President, Sia Baker-Barnes and XiXi Li

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

PROFESSIONALISM

1 CLE: Practice Like a Pro: Judge Bigney, Judge Beamer, Judge Schreiber, and Alice Blackwell 2 OCBA May 2026 Installation Luncheon: David Yau, XiXi Li, Lisa Gong Guerrero, Onchantho Am, Leia Leitner, Former Past Presidents of Greater Orlando Asian American Bar Association (“GOAABA”) 3 CLE: Great Expectations: Feibai Ma, C. Andrew Roy, and XiXi Li

candor. Under Rule 4-3�3, a lawyer may advocate forcefully but may never allow a tribunal to be misled by a false statement of law or fact, and must disclose directly adverse controlling authority that the opponent has not brought forward. An advocate is allowed to frame, to emphasize, and to argue — but never to deceive the court that depends on our honesty to function. We treat candor as a keystone for a reason. When a lawyer’s word to the court is reliable, the whole system runs more fairly and more eﬃciently: judges can trust

representations, opposing counsel can rely on agreements, and matters resolve on their merits rather than on gamesmanship. When candor erodes, everything downstream gets more expensive and more adversarial. Programming that helps lawyers understand the contours of this duty — what it requires, where its hard edges are, and how it interacts with the duty of confidentiality — is among the most valuable things we can oﬀer.

AN INVITATION

Professionalism is, in the end, a shared project. It cannot be legislated into

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existence or delegated to a committee; it is sustained, or lost, in the choices individual lawyers make every day. What we can do is keep the standards visible, keep the education flowing, and keep the conversation going so that the words written into our association back in 1933 stay a living description of how the lawyers of Orange County actually practice. It is a privilege to help lead that eﬀort, and I welcome any OCBA member or prospective member who wants to be part of it.

Your source for a trusted neutral when it counts.

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BUSINESS & CONSTRUCTION MEDIATION

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PARALEGAL

FORGING AHEAD

Introducing the 2026-2027 Paralegal Section’s Board of Directors

Kathleen V. Kimball, FRP, is a civil litigation

paralegal with Rumberger, Kirk & Caldwell, P.A. and is serving as president of the OCBA’s 2026-2027 Paralegal Section

he Paralegal Section is gearing up for another busy year. The strength of our Section lies not only in its mission, but in the remarkable individuals who serve on its Board of Directors. I am incredibly fortunate to have a strong and dedicated board to support me in my new role as President of the Orange County Bar Association’s Paralegal Section. We look forward to a successful and impactful year with the OCBA.

The Paralegal Section intends to stay engaged through various Continuing Legal Education courses; finding innovative authors for The Briefs; participating in local volunteer opportunities; and holding in-person networking events giving all members the opportunity to connect with each other, mentors, and industry partners. This year I hope to continue collaborating with other local, state-wide, and national organizations while keeping our members informed of same.

PRESIDENT

Kathleen “Katie” Kimball, FRP, has been a litigation paralegal since 1998. She moved to the Orlando area in 2021, where she now focuses on catastrophic injury defense cases at Rumberger, Kirk &

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Caldwell. Katie served as President of the ACLU’s Central Florida Chapter in 2022 and as a board member of the Volusia/ Flagler Chapter. She has been a board member of the OCBA’s Paralegal Section since 2024. This past year she helped with OCBA’s Civic Engagement and Law Week Committee. A Detroit native and graduate of the University of Central Florida, she and her husband stay busy attending local sporting events, theatre and opera. Her son Trey also resides in Central Florida.

Association’s Membership Committee alongside Onchantho Am, with a shared goal of promoting membership, mentorship, engagement, and continued growth within the Bar Association. Leesa continues to serve as an active advocate for the legal community and looks forward to supporting the Section’s continued success in her role as Past President.

VICE PRESIDENT

Susan Staggs, FRP, has worked in the legal field for more than 30 years, with extensive experience in complex litigation. A nationally Certified Paralegal since 2008, she has served as a Court Clerk for judges on both the Civil and Family Law benches. Susan currently serves as a Senior Paralegal with Heskin & Proper, PLLC, where she supports attorneys and clients in complex litigation matters. She is also involved in various mass tort projects and works with the National Trial Lawyers Association’s Peak Paralegal program, IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT contributing to the eduLeesa L. Badley, FRP, is a cation and professional civil litigation paralegal development of paralegals at Milne Law Group, P.A. nationwide. Susan believes Leesa is also serving this that dedication, integrity, year as Chair of the Parale- and strong client relationships are the traits that gal Section’s Membership make a paralegal both sucCommittee and Co-Chair cessful and significant. of the Orange County Bar

paralegal with Maynard Caroline C. Wilkerson, ACP, Nexsen. Jennifer is an Advanced Certified FRP, has worked in the legal field for 25 years. She Paralegal and a Florida is a workers’ compensation Registered Paralegal. She is defense paralegal at the law currently a member of the Central Florida Paralegal firm of Rissman, Barrett, Association, the Orange Hurt, Donahue, McLain & County Bar Association Mangan, P.A. in Orlando, Florida. She is a member of Paralegal Section and the National Association of NALA – The Paralegal Legal Assistants and served Association. Jennifer is a past president of the Cenon its Continuing Educatral Florida Paralegal Assotion Council, its Profesciation and the Orange sional Development Committee and as Ethics Chair. County Bar Association Paralegal Section. She She is a member of the serves on NALA’s ContinuCentral Florida Paralegal ing Education Counsel and Association and served in the Florida Bar Registered various capacities includParalegal Enrichment ing President, Vice-PresCommittee. ident, Membership Chair and NALA Liaison. In her Philip Holmes plays a spare time, she loves to key role in various countravel, read, and spoil her seling and community outtwo granddaughters. reach programs benefiting

Association and the Orange County Bar Association Paralegal Section. Jodi is a paralegal at Weinberg Wheeler Hudgins Gunn & Dial and has worked in the legal field since 2017. She holds a B.S. in Public Administration, with a certificate in Nonprofit Management, from the University of Central Florida, and an A.S. in Legal Studies from Valencia College.

Jennifer R. Finch, ACP, FRP, is a litigation

Paralegal with the Legal Aid Society of the Orange

SECRETARY/TREASURER

Toni Sweeney, FRP has worked as a real estate paralegal since 2002. She began her career in New York and in 2013 she relocated to Florida with her family and joined Fassett, Anthony & Taylor, P.A. Toni handles all phases of real estate transactions, including residential, commercial, REO, and construction loan closings. Veterans and their families In addition to her paralegal BOARD OF DIRECTORS through his position as work, Toni serves as the Tina Farrington, CP, FRP, Office Manager of the firm’s ALTA Best Practices Veterans Affairs Office. is a paralegal with Moye, Compliance Officer and is Philip has a background in O’Brien & Masterson, LLP a Remote Online Notary human resources, is skilled and has over 17 years of Public. She has been a experience working in the in regulatory compliance, member of NALA since confidential records manlegal field. She is a gradu2015. Toni currently agement, document prepaate of the Seminole State serves on the board of the ration and administrative College Paralegal Studies Central Florida Paralegal Program and a NALA Cer- support. He is an active Association and chairs its tified Paralegal. She was member of the OCBA Membership Committee. born and raised in Orlando Paralegal Section and is and enjoys traveling and currently pursuing his Vanessa Thomas, FRP spending time with her Paralegal Studies degree at has a background in litigafamily. Tina also serves on Valencia College. tion and legal operations. the Ninth Circuit Process Jodi Peterman, ACP, She currently serves as Server Committee. FRP, serves on the Board a Pro Bono Engagement of Directors for the Central Florida Paralegal

County Bar Association, Inc. Vanessa works closely with attorneys, legal professionals, and clients throughout Central Florida to help expand legal resources and strengthen connections within the legal community. She is passionate about mentorship, professional growth, and creating a welcoming and modern space for paralegals and legal professionals to connect, learn, and thrive. Outside of work, Vanessa enjoys fitness, community events, and spending quality time with her family.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

AWARDS REMARKS

THE SYMPHONY OF PROFESSIONALISM C. Andrew Roy

2026 Lawrence G. Mathews, Jr. Young Lawyer Professionalism Award Recipient

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you – honors something bigger than ourselves, something beautiful that we have created and that we are called to cultivate for now and for the future. Professionalism is the played in an orchestra for the first time in high core of what we do, not school. Our school, Lake Mary High School (Go just for ourselves and Rams!), was a great school for music – band not just for our clients, in particular – but we did not have an orchestra. My but for the very functeachers encouraged me to audition for the Florida Symphony Youth Orchestra, and I was lucky enough to tioning of our free and democratic society. We be selected. I was one of four or five French horns. are the standard-bearers of debate and discourse. Each singular interaction we have with each other, that moment. The sweet, Our first rehearsal I rich sound of all the instru- with others navigating our remember vividly. Andy laws and systems, is but ments together hugged Lane was our conductor one note in a symphony me and said “welcome.” It – a great teacher, former performed with the rest principal conductor of the was the living, breathing embodiment of something of our society listening in. Orlando Philharmonic, being bigger than the sum While the rules we use to and fellow horn player. govern ourselves emphaof its parts. Individually, We were in the orchestra size professionalism in our we were a bunch of high room at Winter Park High practices, the rules nurture schoolers – immature, School, about 100 of us yes; unstable at times, yes; this orchestral concept, all milling around on our that how we practice law dedicated and passionate instruments until it was reaches far beyond the about our art form, absotime to start. lutely. But together, we cre- legal system itself. The Now, I had played in ated something that stirred rule’s preamble begins: band concerts and solo A lawyer, as a member performances at this point, the depths of emotion, of the legal profession, is a so, other than the nervous, invigorated the soul, and representative of clients, an butterfly-in-stomach feel- was (I suppose) generally oﬃcer of the legal system, pleasant to listen to … for ing of being surrounded and a public citizen having us at least, and maybe our by people I had never special responsibility performed with, the expe- parents. It was a special for the quality of justice. moment, no doubt. rience didn’t initially feel (emphasis added) That moment all those diﬀerent or unique. The preamble goes on years ago shares a lot But, when we all raised to describe the special with this moment. I feel our instruments as Mr. responsibilities of lawyers dedicated and passionate Lane took the podium, to include “cultivat[ing] about the practice of law, that first sound, all of us knowledge of the law sure, but there is nothing together tuning, brass, beyond its use for cliwoodwinds, and strings, it special or particular I ents, employ[ing] that have done. Rather, this was like I had never really knowledge in reform of moment – with each of experienced music until

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

the law, and work[ing] to strengthen legal education.” Especially in a world that bombards us with duplicity, we are called to share our knowledge because, as George Washington concluded, “Knowledge is in every country the surest basis of public happiness.” What we do is bigger than ourselves. The preamble continues “In addition, a lawyer should further the public’s understanding of and confidence in the rule of law and the justice system, because legal institutions in a constitutional democracy depend on popular participation and support to maintain their authority.” While the people leading our institutions may fail us, we must not fall into the trap of dispensing with the institutions themselves; instead, we must insist that we can do better. What we do is bigger than ourselves. The preamble importantly includes that “all lawyers should devote professional time and resources and use civic influence to ensure equal access to our system of justice for all those who because of economic or social barriers cannot aﬀord or secure adequate legal counsel.”

Especially when the gap between the haves and the have nots widens each day, we cannot let there be gaps in justice. What we do is bigger than ourselves. I read an article recently by Frank Bruni that puts a finer point on it all. He wrote: [People may] deem professionalism overrated, outdated, an enemy of necessary disruption, a brake on real genius. It’s for slowpokes and prudes. It’s fussiness for fussiness’ sake. Wrong. Professionalism recognizes that your job is bigger than you are. It rightly regards teamwork and discipline as handmaidens of accomplishment. It understands that a sturdy institution requires a code of conduct. And it sweats details, because if you get enough of those wrong, you get nothing at all right. All of this, this is the “why.” The “why” behind why we celebrate professionalism, to keep it top of mind. Professionalism is our symphony to the people. So “how” do we do it – how do we perform this symphony? Everybody have their instruments ready? Did everybody practice? Ok, so maybe the orchestra metaphor isn’t your jam. Maybe you fancy yourself more of a

New Members ATTORNEY Brian Boelens Jennifer M. Busby Patricia Dullaghan James Kelly Timothy Alan Magill Tucker Pryor Benjamin Sigman Joseph Sutter Maria Fernanda Valladares David Zissman

PARALEGAL STUDENT

Victoria Michelle Grajeda

Deadhead or a Parrothead, or you are Swifty, or you love Jay-Z. Or maybe you are thinking “anything but classical.” Or maybe you relate most to Bert from Mary Poppins – your everyday feels like a oneman band! Well fear not – we’ll use another metaphor: Baseball. Not only is baseball the greatest sport of all time, but it also happens to be a perfect way to illustrate how we get to this ideal of professionalism. While there is certainly more to the “how,” let’s talk about

AFFILIATE

Anna Arceneaux Kwin Chavis Suzzette De Jesus Liana Marrero Nallita Sepulveda Carole Steele

LAW STUDENT

Steven Abreu Halee Bishop Medaline Pascal Jessica Perea Simon Andrew Pfeifer Lindsey Hunter Taylor

three things: practice, mistakes, and joy.

PRACTICE

It really goes without saying, but practice is critical to success in baseball. Throwing and catching progression, refining your batting stance, conditioning, the really hard work happens behind the scenes when nobody is looking. Practice well and the game becomes more automatic, allowing a higher level of play. In law, it’s no diﬀerent. “Failing to prepare is preparing to fail.” Eﬀective

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AWARDS REMARKS preparation makes all the diﬀerence whether preparing for a complex trial or something as simple as an introductory client meeting. Preparing means you are on your “A” game.

MISTAKES

Playing baseball means you come to expect mistakes. Mistakes will happen. While you strive for perfection through practice, perfection is in fact impossible. So, our focus shifts to how we deal with mistakes when they happen. In the moment, an eﬀective ballplayer owns the mistake and moves on to the next play; after the game, they make a note of how the mistake happened and create a plan to work on it in practice. In law, it’s no diﬀerent. We all make mistakes or things don’t go our way, and professionalism guides our reaction. Professionalism tells us to own it. Then we try to fix it and learn from it. In the flurry of a trial, dwelling on a single mistake is likely to snowball into more; you’ve got to keep battling, onto the next play.

We all make mistakes or things don’t go JOY. In the World Baseball our way, and Classic earlier this year, professionalism the United States lost to team Venezuela in the guides our championship. On paper, reaction. team USA should have

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dominated the entire tournament. It was a team composed of the biggest names in baseball – think USA’s 1992 Olympic basketball “Dream Team,” but for baseball. Team Venezuela had its share of stars, too, but, again, on paper, no comparison. Yet, there was an observable difference between the two teams – joy. Team USA seemed to be having no fun while Team Venezuela was loose, cheering, dancing. It showed in their play – team USA was so uptight that they choked, not looking like a team, but a collection of individuals; Team Venezuela lifted each other by sharing the joy of the moments, of every pitch, of every hit, of every play. They were a team bound together by joy. In law, it’s not different. We are a team even when we are on opposite sides of the “v.” We are a team in pursuit of the ideal, something that is bigger than ourselves. While not every moment is fun, finding those moments of shared joy and humanity is what makes the professionalism ideal more real. I saw a post recently I thought illustrated the team-joy concept. It read: The difference between networking and community: Networking asks “what can this person do for me?

Community asks, “what are we building together?” In the WBC, Team Venezuela took the community approach and built themselves a world championship. For us, this is our community. We are a team. We are an orchestra. And we are building something bigger than ourselves. In closing, I’d like to share my gratitude. Thank you to my colleagues and team at Winderweedle for supporting me in my practice and in setting the example of professionalism. Thank you, mom: you taught me to see the best in people. Thank you, dad: you taught me to stand up for what was right, even when it’s hard to do. Thank you, Danny and Lizzy: you reminded me not to take life so seriously (and to laugh). Thank you, Jamie, Camden, Brooks, and Aliceanna, you taught me and remind me what is most important, and you make all of this possible. And thank you to the Orange County Bar Association, my colleagues on the Executive Council, the Professionalism Committee, and all of you for this moment, for joining in this orchestra, this team, this community that understands and believes, with joy, that what we do is bigger than ourselves.

LITERARY SOCIETY

2026-2027 READING LIST

SEPTEMBER

OCTOBER

Join the Literary Committee this year in reading this exciting new lineup of novels.

Resurrection by Leo Tolstoy

NOVEMBER

DECEMBER

Mrs. Caliban

About a Boy

Date: Nov 11 ‘26 Led by: Natasca Ghica

Date: Dec 9 ‘26 Led by: Gregory Herbert

by Rachel Ingalls

MARCH

by Nick Hornby

APRIL

by Len Deighton

Date: Sep 9 ‘26 Led by: Kim Ashby

Date: Oct 14 ‘26 Led by: Anna Palmer Darkes

JANUARY

FEBRUARY

City on Fire

Memoirs of Hadrian

by Don Winslow

Date: Jan 13 ‘27 Led by: Scott McMillen

MAY

Demon of Unrest by Erik Larson

Date: March 10 ‘27 Led by: Robert Hoofman

The Ipcress File

by Marguerite Yourcenar Date: Feb 10 ‘27 Led by: Drew Thompson

JUNE

Commonwealth by Ann Patchett

Date: April 14 ‘27 Led by: Dotty Green

Playground

by Richard Powers Date: May 12 ‘27 Led by: Bruce Harris

War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells

Date: June 9 ‘27 Led by: David Falstad

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

LEGAL AID SOCIETY

ADVOCATING FOR CHILDREN

Cassidy Toro, Esq.

OCBA Member Since: 2024 For more information or to take a GAL case, please contact Cassidy Toro, Esq., at ctoro@legalaidocba.org. For more information on how to become a ﬁnancial donor or to help with our fundraising efforts, please contact Donna Haynes, Manager of Development, at dhaynes@ legalaidocba.org or by calling (407) 515-1850.

1. § 39.402(8)(a) Fla. Stat. (2025). 2. https://www.legalaidocba.org/guardianad-litem-home/what-is-gal/? 3. Id. 4. § 39.01(32) Fla. Stat. (2025) 5. § 39.807(2)(c) Fla. Stat. (2025) 6. § 39.810 Fla. Stat. (2025)

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Society’s GAL Program utilizes an attorney-based model in which licensed attorneys serve as volunteer GALs for children involved in dependency proceedings.3 Florida The Role of a Guardian ad Litem Statute 39�01(32) defines uardians ad Litem (GALs) serve as independent a Guardian ad Litem as “a advocates whose role is to ensure children’s person or an entity that is a best interests are represented both inside fiduciary appointed by the and outside the courtroom in numerous proceedings, court to represent a child including dependency proceedings. Often referred to as in any civil, criminal, or the “eyes and ears of the court,” GALs play an integral administrative proceeding role in Florida’s child welfare and dependency court to which the child is a system. Florida’s dependency system is designed to party.”4 GALs are tasked protect children who have been abused, abandoned, or with advocating for the neglected, and these proceedings are governed primar- child’s best interests, which may diﬀer from the wishes ily by Chapter 39 of the Florida Statutes. of the parents, DCF, or even the child themselves. A GAL’s responsibilities youth expected to reach When a report of abuse, involve both investigation, the age of majority while abandonment, or neglect advocacy, and legal repin care, or extended foster is made to the Florida resentation. GALs gather care (EFC) for youth over Department of Children information regarding the age of eighteen who and Families (DCF), child the child’s circumstances qualify. protective investigators by interviewing children, Florida law mandates assess the safety of the caregivers, school personthe appointment of a GAL nel, therapists, medical child(ren) and determine providers, and case manwhether court intervention in all dependency cases agers. They also review is necessary. If intervention involving allegations of abuse, abandonment, or school records, medical is warranted, the child neglect. GALs are typically records, case management may be sheltered in an appointed at the beginning reports, and other relevant out-of-home placement, of the case during a shelter documentation. This invesadjudicated dependent, and placed under court-or- hearing, which occurs tigative role allows GALs within twenty-four hours dered supervision. The to provide the court with of a child being removed court also establishes a independent recommenda1 from the home. In many permanency plan focused tions focused solely on the on the child’s best interests. counties throughout child’s safety, wellbeing, and permanency needs. Permanency goals may Florida, volunteer GALs In addition to conducting include reunification, may be laypersons who investigations, GALs adoption, permanent work alongside GAL staﬀ advocate for children in guardianship, Another attorneys to manage case 2 Planned Permanent Living needs. However, in Orange the courtroom by attending hearings and trials, making Arrangement (APPLA) for County, the Legal Aid

The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

recommendations to the judge regarding placement, visitation, services, safety, and permanency, and filing motions or other pleadings when necessary. GALs also provide support outside the courtroom by monitoring educational and medical needs, ensuring children receive appropriate services, and often serving as one of the few consistent adult figures in a child’s life throughout the dependency process. When a dependency case proceeds to termination of parental rights (TPR), GALs have the important responsibility of preparing a Manifest Best Interest (MBI) Report pursuant to Florida

Statute section 39�807(2) (c).5 The report must be filed at least 72 hours prior to trial and must include both the wishes of the child and the GAL’s recommendations regarding TPR and potential adoption. In forming recommendations, GALs consider the 11 statutory factors outlined in Florida Statute section 39�810, including relative placement options, parental ability and capacity to provide for the child’s needs, emotional bonds, permanency prospects, placement stability, and the wishes of the child.6 During TPR trials, GALs are often called to testify regarding the child’s best

interests and to support the recommendations contained within the MBI Report. Their testimony assists the court in making informed decisions regarding the child’s long-term safety and permanency. GAL attorneys routinely work on cases involving abuse, neglect, substance abuse, domestic violence, mental health concerns, and severe family instability. One of the greatest challenges of GAL work is balancing compassionate advocacy with emotionally diﬃcult circumstances. GALs are often required to make recommendations that prioritize a child’s long-term wellbeing, even

when those recommendations involve diﬃcult outcomes such as termination of parental rights. Despite the emotional demands of the work, GAL attorneys find the role deeply meaningful and rewarding. Through independent investigation, courtroom advocacy, and ongoing support, GALs help ensure that the best interests of vulnerable children remain the central focus throughout dependency proceedings. In doing so, they play a vital role in helping children achieve safety, stability, and permanency within Florida’s child welfare system.

orangecountybar.org | The Briefs

SIDEBAR

SIDEBAR N E W S / E VE N T S / U PDAT E S

YLS on the Move The Orange County Bar Association Young Lawyers Section began the new bar year with a series of programs and initiatives focused on connection, mentorship, professional development, and community service.

June Luncheon

In June, YLS hosted its first luncheon of the Bar year, “Where We Begin: Origin Stories.” The program celebrated the diverse journeys that lead individuals to the legal profession and highlighted the unique experiences, perspectives, and motivations that shape our legal community. By reflecting on the paths that brought us to the practice of law, members had the opportunity to connect on a deeper level while recognizing the shared commitment that unites us as attorneys. YLS also continued its longstanding commitment to supporting the next generation of legal professionals through two signature summer events. During Morning at the State Courthouse, law clerks and young attorneys had the opportunity to engage with members of the bench and bar while gaining valuable insight into practicing within the Ninth Judicial Circuit. The program provided meaningful exposure to the local legal community and reinforced the importance of mentorship early in an attorney’s career.

OTHER YLS EVENTS SEP 18 2026 / YLS September

MAR 12 2027 / YLS March

OCT 16 2026 / YLS October

APR 9 2027 / YLS April

OCT 23 2026 / Golf

MAY 14 2027 / YLS May

NOV 13 2026 / YLS November

Stay tuned this year to learn more about OCBA YLS events by visiting our website here and clicking “Sign Up for YLS Emails.”

Luncheon

Tournament (Eagle Creek)

Luncheon

DEC 3 2026 / YLS Holiday

Party (Alfond Inn)

JAN 8 2027 / YLS January

That spirit of mentorship continued at the annual Law Clerks Recep- Luncheon tion, where law clerks, young lawyers, judges, and experienced practitioners gathered to build professional relationships and strengthen connections within the Orange County legal community. The reception FEB 19 2027 / YLS February remains one of YLS’s most anticipated events, oﬀering future attorneys Luncheon the opportunity to network with legal professionals and learn from those who have successfully navigated the early stages of practice.

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The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

Luncheon

FULFILL YOUR LEGAL AID REQUIREMENT

4 Ways

1. Take Cases as needed by the Legal Aid Society in Family Law, Consumer Law, Housing Law, Immigration Law, Veterans, Sealing and Expunction, or other areas.

2. Be a Guardian ad Litem (GAL) and

take cases as needed by the Legal Aid Society in Dependency, Transitions, Appeals, Delinquency, or Child Victim/Witness Cases.

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3. Participate in Projects as needed in

Bankruptcy, Citizen’s Dispute Settlement, Family Mediation, Community Education, Tax, Teen Court, Teen/Parent Education, Housing Advice Clinics, or others.

4. Contribute Financially. Donate $350 in

lieu of service and help ensure Legal Aid can provide services to the disadvantaged in our community.

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Meet LEAP specialist Madyson Coe at the upcoming OCBA Family Law Committee Meeting to see how your firm can save time and stay organized with LEAP.

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SIDEBAR

100 Club Firms with two or more attorneys who are all members can belong! If your firm is eligible, call the Membership Department (407-422-4551 x225)

20+ MEMBERS GoodBlatt – Leo

2 Community service also remained a cornerstone of YLS' summer programming. Through the annual Book Fair at Washington Shores Elementary School, YLS members helped promote literacy and educational opportunities by providing books to local students. This long-standing initiative reflects YLS' commitment to giving back to the community and supporting young readers as they develop a lifelong love of learning.

July Luncheon

YLS' July luncheon, "Finding Your Voice" Confidence & Identity in Practice continued the momentum of the new bar year by bringing members together for another engaging opportunity to learn, connect, and grow professionally with a discussion about how to find your voice in a profession wrought with imposter syndrome. These monthly gatherings provide a valuable forum for attorneys to exchange ideas, build relationships, and strengthen their involvement within the Orange County Bar Association. As we look ahead, YLS remains dedicated to creating meaningful opportunities for service, leadership, mentorship, and professional development. We encourage all eligible attorneys to get involved and join us as we continue another exciting year of supporting young lawyers and serving our community.

WHO’S WHO Judeen Molyneux, Esq., State Attorney’s

1 July Luncheon Finding Your Voice: Confidence & Identity in Practice featuring The Honorable Barbara Leach

2 2026 Law Clerks & Young Lawyers Reception

Office in and for the Ninth Judicial Circuit of Florida. @OCBAYLS #TogetherWeGoFar

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The Briefs | AUGUST 2026

Rumberger, Kirk & Caldwell Shutts & Bowen Wicker, Smith, O’Hara, et al. Winderweedle, Haines, et al.

10-19 MEMBERS Colling Gilbert Wright Fisher Rushmer McDonald Toole Richman & Correnti, P.A Stovash, Case, Shay & Pearce

2-9 MEMBERS The Aikin Family Law Group Anderson & Ferrin The Arnold Law Group Artemis Family Law Barrister Law Firm Carr Law Firm Compass Law Davey Law Group DeCiccio & Johnson Dellecker Wilson King McKenna Ruﬀier & Sos Divine & Estes The Draves Law Firm The Elder Law Center of Kirson & Fuller Fassett, Anthony & Taylor Frank Family Law Practice The Fighter Law Firm

Haliczer Pettis & Schwamm Harris Harris Bauerle Lopez Hilyard, Bogan & Palmer Jill S. Schwartz & Assocs. Keating & Schlitt King, Blackwell, Zehnder & Wermuth Korshak & Assoc. Kosto & Rotella Law Oﬀices of Brent C. Miller Lebron Law Marcus & Myers The Marks Law Firm McMichen, Cinami & Demps McShane & McShane Murphy & Berglund N. Diane Holmes P.A. O’Mara Law Group Orange Blossom Law Page & Eichenblatt Perez LaSure Sawyer & Sawyer Shannin Law Firm Stovash, Case, Shay & Pearce, P.A. Tangel-Rodriguez & Assoc. Warner & Warner West Family Law Group Wieland & DeLattre Wilson McCoy Wooten Kimbrough Yergey & Yergey

880 North Orange Ave. Orlando, FL 32801

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