OFF the BEAT ROBERT L. SPINKS, MA, MS
COMMENTATOR
Criminalizing Mental Health Published on Wed, January 19, 2011 by Robert Spinks, MA, MS http://www.sequimgazette.com/spinks
The tragic events in Tucson, AZ at a public meetand-greet event by U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, D-Ariz reached all the way back to Sequim. Dorwan Stoddard, 76-years-old, who spent a decade in Sequim, was attending that event in front of a Safeway grocery store with his wife, Mavanell “Mavy,” when a gunman opened fire. Stoddard covered his wife on the ground to protect her from the barrage of bullets. He was shot three times ending his life, sister-in-law Sandy Stoddard, of Sequim, said. Mavy Stoddard was shot three times in the leg, she said. In total six people were murdered and 13 more were wounded. Politics Raises its Head Pundits have already started the debate on new gun control, blamed the shooting on the rancor of recent election talk and are looking to place blame for a failure to intervene before shots were fired in Tucson.
Page 1 of 2
The alleged murderer, Jared Loughner, described as a 22-year-old loner now sits in federal custody in Phoenix, AZ. Loghner potentially faces the federal death penalty for murdering a federal judge as well as the murder of a federal employee and the attempted murder of three additional federal employees including the Congresswoman. Where’s the help? What might seem like an open and shut case that would lead to a death penalty is not. The media has reported that friends of Loughner describe him as, “confrontational, nonsensical and obsessed,” others have reported him as a “social outcast . . . with beliefs steeped in mistrust and paranoia.” Loughner's behavior came to the attention of Pima Community College (PCC) beginning in 2005, with five college police contacts involving nonviolent disturbances.
In September 2010 Loughner was suspended. He withdrew voluntarily the following month, and was told he could return only if a mental health professional agreed he did not present a danger, the school said. Hindsight might spotlight what appears to look like a psychotic spiral, but the laws on involuntary psychiatric commitment set a very high bar. Arizona, like Washington requires evidence of imminent harm to yourself or others for an involuntary commitment. Under Washington’s Involuntary Treatment Act (ITA), a person can be detained by a Designated Mental Health Professional for up to 72 hours without a court order. Usually, law enforcement officers are the first to come in contact with individuals who are in crisis, suicidal or exhibit other life threatening conditions and they start the process for an ITA evaluation.
Large state hospitals were to be replaced with local community health care centers that would link patients with local services instead of locked down facilities. The big mental health hospitals began shutting down, but the funding for those progressive local facilities failed to live up to anyone’s expectations. State hospitals emptied their patients onto the streets through the 1970’s as nationwide; the stereotypical monolithic mental health hospitals of “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest” fame were closed. National studies document that the numbers of mentally ill incarcerated in jails and prisons is a significant percentage of the overall inmate population. The rate of serious mental illness among inmate populations has been reported to be four times higher than the rate in the general, nonincarcerated population.
My own anecdotal experiences over the years have had me witness individuals in significant crisis walking out of emergency rooms in California, Oregon and Washington where I worked in policing since 1980. This challenge in getting people in need actual help is nothing new for law enforcement or mental health professionals.
Next week we look into how jails have become the mental health facilities of the 21st century. Robert Spinks is former Sequim chief of police. Reach him at robertbythebay@aol.com .
Pundits are already trying to turn the tragedy of Tucson into another political story for the Washington Beltline and talk show hosts to banter about. What is missed is that this story with its murderous ends highlights a mental health system that is overburdened and under-funded. It’s broken. According to Clallam County Sheriff Bill Benedict, his jail processes over 3,000 book-ins annually. With a daily jail population of 120 inmates, he estimates that 30% have some type of mental health issue. Beginning in the 1950’s and continuing into the 1970’s the mentally ill were dumped onto the streets of America. The 1963 Community Mental Health Act was supposed to channel federal grants to state and municipal governments to establish community mental health centers to deal with outpatient treatment of the mentally ill. Page 2 of 2