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The

PEANUTGROWER ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC

FEBRUARY 2021

THE PEANUT PRODUCER'S MARKETING & PRODUCTION MAGAZINE www.peanutgrower.com

A Tale Of Two Crops Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

2021

VARIETY GUIDE

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The

FEBRUARY 2021

PEANUTGROWER ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC

FEBRUARY 2021

THE PEANUT PRODUCER'S MARKETING & PRODUCTION MAGAZINE www.peanutgrower.com

A Tale Of Two Crops Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

Volume 33 • Number 2

2021

VARIETY GUIDE

Departments 4

Editor’s Note New varieties offer more resistance, greater yields

News Briefs Significant funding for aflatoxin research

Market Watch The market may be firming up, thanks to other crop prices

Stay Connected

12 Features

10 A Tale Of Two Crops

Demand increased for peanuts during the pandemic; cotton markets soured at first but are opening again.

12 2021 Variety Guide

2021

Use the data and varietal descriptions to plan the next crop field by field.

VARIETY GUIDE

22 Feral Swine Garner More Attention, Funding

USDA invests $11.65 million to control destructive wild pigs.

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Cover photo of variety trial plots provided by International Peanut Group. FEBRUARY 2021 • THE PEANUT GROWER /

EDITORIAL/PRODUCTION Editor Amanda Huber ahuber@onegrower.com Copy Editor Vicky Boyd vlboyd@onegrower.com Art Director Ashley Kumpe

ADMINISTRATION Publisher/Vice President Lia Guthrie (901) 497-3689 lguthrie@onegrower.com Associate Publisher Carroll Smith (901) 326-4443 Sales Manager Scott Emerson (386) 462-1532 semerson@onegrower.com Audience Services Kate Thomas (847) 559-7514 Production Manager Kathy Killingsworth (901) 767-4020 kkillingsworth@onegrower.com For subscription changes or change of address, call (847) 559-7578 or email peanutgrower@omeda.com

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Scott Monfort Extension Agronomist University of Georgia Dell Cotton Peanut Growers Cooperative Marketing Assn., Franklin, VA Kris Balkcom Agri-Program Associate Auburn University Dan Anco Extension Peanut Specialist Clemson University

Emi Kimura Extension Agronomist Texas A&M University David Jordan Extension Agronomist North Carolina State University Glen Harris Extension Agronomist University of Georgia Jason Ferrell Extension Weed Specialist University of Florida

ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC Mike Lamensdorf PRESIDENT/TREASURER Lia Guthrie PUBLISHER/VICE PRESIDENT The Peanut Grower (ISSN 1042-9379) is an agribusiness magazine for U.S. peanut producers. Published in eight monthly issues, January through July and November. Annual subscriptions are $40.00. Single Copy price is $5.00. Annual overseas subscriptions are $70.00, including Canada/Mexico. Periodicals postage paid at at Memphis, Tennessee, and at additional mailing offices. Copyright © 2021 One Grower Publishing, LLC, all rights reserved except where otherwise noted. The Peanut Grower ® is a registered trademark, which reserves all rights granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in association with the registration. POSTMASTER: SEND ADDRESS CHANGES TO OMEDA COMMUNICATIONS, CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT, P.O. BOX 1388, NORTHBROOK, IL 60065-1388. All statements, including product claims, are those of the person or organization making the statement or claim. The publisher does not adopt any such statement or claim as its own, and any such statement or claim does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the publisher. Printed in the USA.

Editor’sNote Editor’s Note New Varieties Offer More Resistance, Greater Yields

e are now into the second month of 2021, and that means it is time for the annual Peanut Grower Variety Guide. Planting and growing conditions in 2020 pushed crop harvest late into the year. Still, peanut breeders and state Extension specialists were able to pull data together quickly enough to include in this issue. The guide covers all four market types, some of which have data from more than one region, and even includes recommendations for organic production. Amanda Huber Producers are always encouraged to plant Editor, The Peanut Grower more than one variety. Newer varieties offer more options for disease resistance or suppression. Root-knot nematode resistance continues to evolve with newer cultivars TifNV-HighO/L and NemaTAM II. The latter is a variety developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research as a replacement for Webb with equal or better yield, increased grades and better harvestability. The best variety choice is one that will achieve a rapid, uniform stand and provide good yield and grade over a wide range of growing conditions. Variety selection is one of the most important decisions in peanut crop production. The guide begins on page 12. Also in this issue is an article by Madison Thornhill, a University of Georgia graduate who worked at Omega Peanut Co. as logistics operations manager for the 2020 season. In “A Tale Of Two Crops,” Thornhill contrasts the increase in peanut demand against the stagnation in cotton prices. She also writes about the challenges buying points have in upgrading facilities to match the harvest capabilities of producers today. This article can be found on page 10. Hopefully, you will be virtually attending a production meeting for your area for further recommendations for the coming year. I know we are all hoping we can meet in person by the time summer meetings roll around.

One Grower Publishing, LLC, also publishes Cotton Farming, Rice Farming, Soybean South and Corn South.

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THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

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NewsBriefs News Briefs Crop Quality Loss Payments

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Farm Service Agency recently announced signup for the Quality Loss Adjustment program. Funded by the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020, this new program provides assistance to producers who suffered eligible crop quality losses due to natural disasters occurring in 2018 and 2019. The deadline to apply for QLA is March 5, 2021. “Farmers and livestock producers nationwide experienced crop quality losses due to natural disasters in 2018 and 2019,” says Bill Northey, USDA under secretary for farm production and conservation. “We have worked diligently over the past couple of years to roll out meaningful disaster assistance programs to help alleviate the substantial financial loss experienced by so many agricultural producers and are pleased to offer quality loss assistance as added relief. Many of the eligible producers have already received compensation for quantity losses.” Assistance is based on a producer’s harvested affected production of an eligible crop, which must have had at least a 5% quality loss reflected through a quality discount, or for forage crops, a nutrient loss, such as total digestible nutrients. For more information, visit farmers.gov/quality-loss, or contact your USDA Service Center. Producers can also obtain one-on-one support with applications by calling 877-508-8364.

Aflatoxin Research Funding

Two important peanut-related issues were addressed by Congress recently. Included in the fiscal year 2021 appropriations legislation is $1.5 million in funding for peanut aflatoxin research at the USDA National Peanut Research Laboratory in Dawson, Georgia. Congress also approved the COVID19 economic stimulus package providing $13 billion in support to the 6/

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

In Brief

agriculture sector. This included $11.2 billion to USDA to support producers, processors and contract growers impacted by the coronavirus. Specific provisions include a payment of $20 per planted acre for row crops and a second round of the Paycheck Protection Program.

• Seg. 2 and 3 peanuts may be eligible for Quality Loss Adjustment program.

Tariff Limits EU Market Access

• U.S. Peanut Federation asks for assistance with significant export tariff.

The United States will impose additional tariffs on aircraft parts, wine and other alcohol from Europe as retaliation for the European Union’s latest round of tariffs in the long-running Boeing-Airbus dispute, according to a U.S. trade representative. The EU is now requiring a 25% tariff on peanut imports. The EU and United Kingdom are an important market for U.S. peanuts. In 2019, the EU imported nearly $180 million worth of peanuts and peanut products. Nearly all of these were in-shell and shelled peanuts that can be sourced from countries other than the United States. The U.S. peanut industry will not be able to compete in the EU and UK markets with this additional tariff. The U.S. Peanut Federation has asked U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and USDA Secretary Sonny Perdue to assist in resolving these trade issues.

Florida Producers Plan Meeting

The Florida Peanut Federation will hold their annual membership meeting and banquet Feb. 20, in the banquet hall on the Florida Gateway Fairgrounds in Lake City, Florida. For more information, visit https://floridapeanutfederation.org.

• National Peanut Lab gets $1.5 million for aflatoxin research.

• Florida Federation plans in-person annual meeting this month. • Peanut Science published three times to show ongoing work in pandemic.

Kim Cutchins, APRES executive director, explains, “APRES published three issues of Peanut Science this year to that show our research and education community that we were still working hard even if they couldn’t be in the lab or fields.” Peanut Science is an open-access, peer-reviewed online research journal dedicated to publishing the results of research, education, and Extension projects and programs related to the production, storage, processing, manufacturing or marketing of peanuts. For information on APRES or Peanut Science, visit www.apresinc.com. Researchers and Extension are now busy conducting virtual production meetings to start the 2021 season.

APRES Publishes Third Edition

The American Peanut Research and Education Society held a virtual meeting July 2020, but the group also responded to the pandemic by publishing a third issue of Peanut Science. PEANUTGROWER.COM

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MarketWatch Market Watch Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

s the pandemic continues, the peanut market has been relatively quiet for growers and shellers. Buyers have good coverage for 2021, and shellers are not being aggressive to sell with higher prices looming. But changes in the peanut market are expected. Thanks to rising cotton and corn prices, the peanut market has a firm undertone. Corn is over $5 a bushel, and cotton is 76.5 cents per pound. These prices offer competitive alternatives to planting peanuts, and farmers will want more money to contract peanuts for the 2021 crop. Current crop prices range from the low to mid-50 cents per pound on a raw basis. Both hard and soft commodities worldwide seem to be in a rising scenario, and an expected increase in demand of all commodities after the pandemic leads to a growing conclusion of higher prices and increased inf lation for the foreseeable future. Farmers are beginning to think about 2021 crop contracting, and an estimated price of at least $475 per farmer-stock ton is needed to draw interest. The increase in cotton prices will possibly lead to a decrease in peanut acreage. The sheller’s dilemma is paying the farmer a higher price if the buyers are not needing to make any purchases. This back and forth has no easy answers but will further develop over the next few months. The international peanut market is also seeing some firmness. Brazil is completely out of current crop, and Argentina has little inventory available until their new crop is harvested. China continues to show interest for U.S. farmer-stock peanuts, but time will tell if their interest will continue and lead to more purchasing. 8/

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

J. Tyron Spearman Contributing Editor, The Peanut Grower

LEADING MARKETING INDICATORS (As of Jan. 7, 2021) 2020 Est. Peanut Acreage (+17%) ................................. 1,623,000 acres 2020 Est. Peanut Production (+24%) ................................ 3,321,660 tons 2020 Est. Yield .......................................................................... 4,093 lbs/A 2019 Market Loan (1-6-21) ................................................ 2,341,062 tons 2019 Remaining in Loan (1-6-21) ............................................ 9,744 tons 2020-2021 Domestic Usage (4 Mo.) ............................................. + 7.6 % 2020-2021 Exports (3 Mo.) ............................................................... – 1.3% NATIONAL POSTED PRICE (per ton) Runners - $424.55; Spanish - $415.57; Valencia and Virginias - $428.74

Final 2020 Crop Numbers Final estimates for the 2020 peanut crop were released mid-January by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, but too late for publishing. The November estimate was 3,321,500 farmer-stock tons. The trade responded that the estimate was too generous after some late-season weather problems in all three areas. As of Jan. 6, the Federal-State Inspection Ser vice had inspected 3,051,956 tons, a difference of 269,000 tons and enough to make a difference in marketing decisions. Acreage reported by farmers to the USDA Farm Service Agency was 1,655,831 acres, not 1,623,200 acres as estimated by the USDA National Ag Statistics Service. That is a difference of 32,631 acres, and at 2 tons per acre, that’s an additional 65,000 tons of production added to the estimate. Demand And Dietary Guidelines November was a banner month for peanut usage. Shelled edible grade con-

The newly released 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for America include the most current recommendations for mitigating peanut allergy. The guidelines state, “Introducing peanut-containing foods in the first year reduces the risk that an infant will develop a food allergy to peanuts.”

sumption was up almost 8% from last year. Peanut stocks in commercial storage totaled 4.48 million pounds, down 3.4%. Peanuts used in candy continued at a record pace, up 32%. Peanuts in the snack usage category were up 5.1%, and even peanut butter showed a 7.8% increase in November. Government purchases for nutrition programs rebounded after being unable to get bids from processors for peanuts and peanut butter. Another positive for peanuts, the new 2020-2025 USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans puts peanuts in a favorable position for healthy dietary patterns at PEANUTGROWER.COM

MarketWatch Market Watch every stage of life. Peanut farmers have spent millions studying ways to prevent or mitigate peanut allergy. According to the guidelines, peanut-containing foods should be introduced during the first year. This is based on landmark studies that showed the introduction of some food products, such as peanuts, after 4 months of age can reduce the risk of peanut allergy. Export Market China keeps buying U.S. peanuts, particularly inshells, but shipments of rawshelled peanuts are down 24%. Canada and Mexico led buying for raw-shelled and peanut butter. Exports of peanut butter are down 11.8% for the first three months but holding steady since October. Peanut exports are down 1.3% for the same three months of the marketing year, but October 2020 was up 6.8% compared to the same time in 2019.

The top six destinations for U.S. peanut exports in 2019 were:  Canada (127,465 tons)  European Union (121,386 tons)  Mexico (117,903 tons)  China/Vietnam (92,916 tons)  Japan (16,473 tons)  Colombia (4,659 tons). The European Union imposed a 25% duty on U.S. peanuts, both inshells and kernels. Blanched peanuts are also included because they are classified as kernels upon entering the EU. The duty became effective Nov. 10, 2020, but excludes peanuts loaded and shipped prior to that date. The U.S. Peanut Federation has filed a complaint. Work To Be Done All segments of the peanut industry have been blessed with a federal pea-

‘‘

With demand for peanuts up at home and abroad, coupled with some favorable prices, this year could be a good one for peanuts as we all try to forget 2020.

nut program that has been successful. Keeping that support will require meeting and educating new leaders to understand and appreciate agriculture. For farmers to keep feeding and clothing consumers around the world, it must be profitable. With demand for peanuts up at home and abroad, coupled with some favorable prices, this year could be a good one for peanuts as we all try to forget 2020. PG

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A Tale Of Two Crops Demand increased for peanuts during the pandemic; cotton markets soured at first but are opening again.

eople expect two things in the late fall in the South: the smell of freshly plowed peanuts and cotton fields that resemble snow. Each year, farmers anticipate and prepare for unknowns, such as weather and industry changes; however, responding to a global pandemic was an unforeseen challenge for peanut and cotton farmers this past year. Peanuts and cotton are rotational crops grown in most Southeastern states, especially Georgia. “Most everybody has a three-year rotation of two cotton crops followed by a peanut crop,” says Michael Brooks, co-owner of Omega Farm Supply and Cotton Gin and Omega Peanut Co. Brooks is one of the many South Georgia farmers who has had to navigate changes to the agriculture industry during the pandemic not only as a farmer but as a cotton broker and co-owner of a peanut buying point. Demanding More Peanut Butter “This past year, many farmers tightened up their rotations of

10 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

just one cotton crop in between peanuts but only because cotton prices had been looking bleak at that point. Things will be turning around in 2021,” he says. Low or flat prices have been a common issue for peanut and cotton crops the past few years. Yet while much of the world slowed down because of the coronavirus, the pandemic created a high demand for the protein-packed peanut. “We overproduced peanuts for the past three years and it was starting to catch up with us in the warehouses. We weren’t able to move the peanuts into the consumer market because the demand wasn’t high enough,” Brooks says. When the pandemic started and everyone was stuck at home, peanut butter was in high demand.

PEANUTGROWER.COM

Hope For Better Prices Popularity for peanuts increased but cotton production came to a halt. Textile mills overseas shut down at the start of the pandemic and are just now resuming operations at full capacity. Brooks predicts cotton prices will increase as China looks to restock its cotton inventory. “China usually reserves 12 million to 14 million bales of cotton at a time. They’ve sold off their inventory and are looking to replenish it,” Brooks says. Cotton prices currently average 78 cents per pound, approximately a 26% price increase from the 62 cents per pound cotton sold for in 2019. Jumbo peanuts currently average 50 cents per pound, approximately a 29% price increase from 2019. In 2019, peanuts sold for $425 per ton or just over 21 cents per pound. Farmers want to produce a high-quality crop to meet the higher demand, but warm and humid conditions make producing a quality peanut more difficult. “We are always 10 days from a drought," Brooks says, "Even after a flood, we need rain.” The 2019 peanut crop suffered from high levels of aflatoxin, which contaminates peanuts in the field, during harvesting or while peanuts were in storage. “Last year, 52% of peanuts out of storage as they made it to the shelling plant had a level higher than desired for toxin. This year, to my knowledge, I do not know of a peanut in a warehouse in Georgia or Alabama that has an aflatoxin problem,” Brooks says. Peanuts are tested multiple times for aflatoxin. They are tested during the initial grading and inspecting process at peanut buying points, before the shelling process and before being turned into peanut butter.

TWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

Buying Points Challenged To Upgrade The peanut industry faces many challenges from a producer and buying standpoint. The greatest challenge Brooks sees for 2021 is upgrading his peanut buying point that receives, cleans, dries and inspects peanuts to keep up with the farm advancements that have been made for harvesting peanuts. “All of these buying points that were built in the 1970s were designed for two-row combines. These four-wheel wagons are almost useless in today’s farming environment at harvest time because now we have six-row combines and people are going to semi-trailers and semi-dump carts. A grower with a two-row machine could pick 8 acres a day in the ’70s and can pick 30 acres per machine per day now,” Brooks says. He says servicing his customers with the same equipment, same elevators and same number of dryers presents challenges for the smaller buying point locations and deciding what changes can be made. Despite struggles to keep up with advancements and the pandemic, Brooks is optimistic about the peanut and cotton industry. “As a general rule of thumb, when industries are doing well inside the cities and when the Dow Jones is up, we are struggling on farms. When the Dow Jones falls and we are in any kind of a recession, agriculture does well. You have to rebuild the farm before you go forward,” Brooks says. PG Article by Madison Thornhill, a University of Georgia graduate who worked at Omega Peanut Co. as logistics operations manager for the 2020 season. This article first appeared on the blog OurFarm2YourTable.

FEBRUARY 2021 • THE PEANUT GROWER / 11

2021

VARIETY GUIDE

ariety selection is one of the most important decisions in peanut production. Field history, irrigation, planting and harvest capabilities, seed availability, seed quality and marketing opportunities are all factors that affect selection. Most varieties now offer some level of resistance to multiple diseases. The best choice is one that will achieve a rapid, uniform stand and provide good yield and grade over a wide range of growing conditions. On a field-by-field basis and considering these factors, select the variety or varieties that would best fit into your production system. AG-18: This is a high-yielding, high-grading, high-oleic runner-type peanut cultivar released from Texas A&M AgriLife Research with good resistance to Sclerotinia blight (Sclerotinia minor (Jagger)). It exhibits yield and grade attributes equal or better than Georgia-06G and Georgia-09B and has increased consistency compared to Tamrun OL11. AG-18 seed is smaller than Tamrun OL11 and similar to Florunner. No difference was noted in flavor analysis between AG-18 and Tamrun OL11. AU-NPL 17: This high-oleic runner-type peanut was released by Auburn University and the National Peanut Research Lab in

2017. It is a high-yielding, tomato spotted wilt virus-resistant cultivar with tolerance to leaf spot. Seed will be somewhat limited in 2021. Florida-07: This medium-to-late runner market-type peanut variety was released by the University of Florida. It has shown excellent yield potential with good grades. Seed are larger; for this reason, gypsum is recommended for additional calcium. It has good to excellent resistance to TSWV, some white mold resistance and tolerance to leaf spot. Florida-07 has high-oleic oil chemistry with good to excellent roasting, blanching and processing characteristics. FloRun™ ‘331’: This high-yielding, medium maturity, disease-tolerant runner-type variety was released by the University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna, in 2016. It has medium runner seed size with very good grades. FloRun™ ‘331’ has had excellent pod yield in both irrigated and non-irrigated trials over several seasons of testing across several locations in Florida. Of the runner-type varieties tested for resistance to leaf spots and white mold, FloRun™ ‘331’ has had among the best pod yield and lowest disease scores. It is moderately resistant to tomato spotted wilt. FloRun™ ‘331’ has high-oleic oil chemistry beneficial for extended shelf life and marketability of peanuts and peanut products.

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Tifton, Georgia, Irrigated, 2018-2020.

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Tifton, Georgia, Non-Irrigated, 2018-2020.

RUNNER-TYPE VARIETIES

Variety ARS 13-1125

2018 Yield (lbs./A)

2019 Yield (lbs./A)

AU-NPL 17

5082

FloRun™ ‘331’

5935

Georgia Greener

6014

Georgia-06G

6183

Georgia-07W Georgia-09B

2020 Yield (lbs./A)

3-Yr. Avg.

Variety ARS 13-1125

2018 Yield (lbs./A)

2019 Yield (lbs./A)

2020 Yield (lbs./A)

3-Yr. Avg.

4485

5899

3513

4573

6207

4587

5123

5009

4018

4659

5953

3867

5074

4050

6449

2975

4835

AU-NPL 17

4308

6879

3652

5489

FloRun™ ‘331’

4574

6867

3929

5603

Georgia Greener

4949

6716

3395

5431

Georgia-06G

5403

5469

6716

3634

5273

Georgia-07W

4538

5699

4135

4791

5832

6437

3434

5234

Georgia-09B

4525

5572

3599

4565

Georgia-12Y

6159

7109

4030

5766

Georgia-12Y

5003

5711

3696

4803

Georgia-14N

4997

6177

3362

4845

Georgia-14N

5360

5052

3706

4706

Georgia-16HO

6002

6933

3932

5622

Georgia-16HO

5330

6195

4415

5313

Georgia-18RU

6068

6867

3921

5619

Georgia-18RU

5421

6062

4286

5256

Tifguard

5663

6510

3392

5188

Tifguard

5639

5572

4007

5073

TifNV-High O/L

5590

6244

3770

5201

TifNV-High O/L

5687

5136

4178

5000

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

5838

6516

3668

5341

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

5100

6346

4351

5266

Preliminary data as of 1/8/21. Source: Dr. Daniel Mailhot, Public Service Assistant, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus

12 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

Preliminary data as of 1/8/21. Source: Dr. Daniel Mailhot, Public Service Assistant, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus PEANUTGROWER.COM

2021 VARIETY GUIDE Georgia-06G: A high-yielding, largeseeded, runner-type variety, Georgia06G was developed at the University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-06G has an intermediate or decumbent runner growth habit, dark green foliage and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green. Georgia-06G combines TSWV resistance with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre. Georgia-09B: A high-yielding, high-oleic, medium-seeded, runner-type peanut variety, Georgia-09B was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-09B has an intermediate runner growth habit and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green. It combines high TSWV resistance and high-oleic oil chemistry with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre. Georgia-12Y: This is a high-yielding, TSWV-resistant and white mold-resistant, medium-seeded, runner-type variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton Campus. During three years averaged over multiple locations in Georgia, Georgia-12Y had significantly higher yield, dollar value return per acre and number of seed per pound compared to Georgia10T. However, Georgia-10T grades higher than Georgia-12Y. It is similar to Georgia-10T in its later maturity. Georgia-13M: This is a high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV- resistant, small-seeded, runner-type peanut variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. Georgia-13M has a smaller runner seed size. Georgia-13M combines high yield, TSWV resistance with the excellent roasted flavor of Georgia Green and the high-oleic trait for longer shelf life and improved oil quality of peanut products. Georgia-14N: Released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station and developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, this small-seeded, runner-type peanut variety is high-yieldTWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

Three- (2018-2020) And Four-Year (2017-2020) Average Field Performance Of Runner Varieties In Multiple Locations In Florida, Irrigated. Yield (lbs./A)

Variety

TSMK (%)

TSWV (1-10)*

Leafspot (1-10)*

3 YR

4 YR

3 YR

4 YR

3 YR

4 YR

3 YR

4 YR

7252

7131

76.5

77.5

1.3

1.1

1.8

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

6984

6857

75.1

76.5

1.7

1.4

2.0

Georgia-12Y

6956

6753

72.7

73.8

1.1

1.8

2.0

1.8

Georgia-16HO** **

FloRun™ ‘331’

6982

6749

73.5

74.8

1.8

1.7

1.6

Georgia-06G

6734

6593

74.5

76.1

1.4

1.8

1.4

1.5

AU-NPL 17

6657

6534

74.8

75.2

1.3

1.2

1.3

TUFRunner™ ‘511’**

6698

6501

74.3

75.5

1.8

1.6

3.2

3.5

Georgia-09B**

6767

6476

75.7

77.2

1.8

1.4

1.5

1.8

TifNV-High O/L**

6460

6235

73.4

74.6

1.3

1.7

1.4

1.5

Tifguard

5799

5705

75.3

76.6

1.9

1.5

1.6

1= no disease; High-Oleic

Three- (2018-2020) And Four-Year (2017-2020) Average Field Performance Of Runner Varieties In Multiple Locations In Florida, Non-Irrigated. Yield (lbs./A)

Variety

TSWV (1-10)*

3 YR

4 YR

3 YR

4 YR

FloRun™ ‘331’

5813

5586

1.3

Georgia-16HO**

5519

5126

1.1

Georgia-12Y

5224

5009

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

5610

5008

AU-NPL 17**

5615

4994

TUFRunner™ ‘511’**

5034

4843

TifNV-High O/L**

4946

4769

Leafspot (1-10)* 3 YR

4 YR

1.3

2.9

3.3

1.1

3.3

3.7

2.8

1.1

3.5

1.2

2.8

3.3

1.4

4.6

1.1

2.8

3.2

Georgia-06G

5244

4762

1.3

3.2

3.5

Georgia-09B**

5353

4698

1.1

3.8

Tifguard

4730

4334

1.5

3.2

3.7

1= no disease; High-Oleic

ing, resistant to spotted wilt and rootknot nematodes, and has high-oleic oil chemistry. In a three-year trial, Georgia14N had significantly less TSWV and total disease incidence, higher yield, grade and dollar value return per acre compared to Tifguard. Georgia-16HO: is a high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV-resistant, large-seeded, runner-type peanut variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2016. Georgia-16HO combines high dollar value and TSWV resistance with the high-oleic trait for longer shelf life and improved oil quality of peanut products. Georgia-18RU: This variety was released by the Georgia Agriculture

Experiment Station in 2018. It is a high-yielding, TSWV-resistant and leaf-scorch-resistant, medium-large seeded runner variety. Georgia-18RU has the highest percent total sound mature kernels (grade) and the lowest number of seed per pound compared to Georgia-06G in five years of testing over multiple locations. It has similar roasted flavor, blanchability and maturity as Georgia-06G. Lariat: This is a high-oleic runner variety developed by U.S. Department of Agriculture Agriculture Research Service in conjunction with the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and the Oklahoma Peanut Commission released in 2016. This variety exhibits medium FEBRUARY 2021 • THE PEANUT GROWER / 13

2021 VARIETY GUIDE ACI Variety Lineup

gResearch Consultants Inc., known as ACI Seeds, is a private seed company started in 2001. Led by Kim Moore, who worked with Dr. Earnest Harvey at AgraTech Seeds, the team at ACI Seeds has worked in the laboratory and in the field to produce varieties adapted to all U.S. peanut regions and for global peanut production as well. For more information on ACI Seeds’ variety selections, contact Mark Carden, director agronomic & commercial services, at 229805-0044 or email mark.carden@aciseeds.com.

RUNNER MARKET TYPES ACI 789 is a high-oleic runner variety with a high percentage of medium kernels. The variety matures in about 135 days in South Georgia and has good resistance to TSWV. This variety has very good peg strength, giving flexibility during harvesting when weather conditions delay digging and/or picking. ACI 789 has demonstrated stability and success across many U.S. and international peanut production areas. It was released in 2015 by ACI Seeds under the Plant Variety Protection Act. ACI 3321 is a large-seeded, high-oleic runner peanut. ACI 3321 is a top-yielding variety for ACI Seeds and in state testing in Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina. ACI 3321 has a high level of TSWV resistance, best-in-class white mold resistance and very good leaf spot resistance. ACI 3321 has demonstrated stability across diverse peanut production areas. ACI 3321 is well adapted to irrigated and dryland production. ACI1c212 is a large-seeded, high-oleic runner peanut. It yields comparable to Georgia-06G. ACI1c212 has a high level of TSWV resistance, good white mold resistance and good leaf spot resistance. ACI 476 is a very new early maturing high-yielding, high-oleic runner peanut. It has a runner growth habit, dark green foliage and an erect main stem with a moderate canopy. Excellent germination and early vigor is associated with this variety. Additionally, early row closure promotes moisture conservation and reduction of weed competition in twin-row production systems. Main stems are typically evident at the end of the season to assist in digging operations. Compared to other varieties, ACI-476 produces a higher percentage of medium size kernels having a light pink seed coat color and a smoother surface. ACI trials and seed increases have demonstrated that ACI 476 can produce average yields in excess of 5,000 pounds per acre when grown under optimum conditions. ACI 198 is an early maturing, high-oleic runner market-type peanut variety developed in West Texas. In the Southeast, its maturity has ranged from 115 to 125 days after planting. It has runner growth habit with sparse branching and an erect main stem with a moder-

maturity at about 140 days. Lariat is the result of varietal crossing with Red River Runner to increase disease resistance, yield and improve seed germination. Lariat has demonstrated resistance to Sclerotinia blight and pod rot. Seed size is medium to large. NemaTAM II: This is a high-yielding, high-oleic fatty acid, runner-type peanut cultivar with resistance to root-knot nematodes. Developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, this cultivar has the 14 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

ACI Advanced Runner Yield Trial, 2019-2020, Worth County, Georgia Variety

2019 Yield (lbs./A)

2020 Yield (lbs./A)

ACI 3321

5304

5236

Georgia-12Y

5064

5177

TUFRunner 331

5009

5172

TUFRunner 297

4956

4732

Georgia-06G

4855

4469

ately dense canopy. Excellent germination and early vigor is associated with this variety. Because of sparse branching, this variety performs well in twin-row planting patterns. It was released in 2015 by ACI Seeds under the Plant Variety Protection Act.

SPANISH MARKET TYPES Span 17 is a new high-yielding, high-oleic, Spanish market type that is a Spanish runner hybrid. Span 17 is a runner plant type with Spanish seed and pod characteristics. It has small round Spanish-type kernels with a smooth seed coat. It has a pink seed coat color and a Spanish pod shape similar to TamSpan90. The seeds per pound range from 750 to 850, depending on the seasonal conditions and production location. ACI trials and seed increase fields demonstrate that this variety is producing average yields at or above 5,500 pounds per acre, when grown under optimum conditions in West Texas. The variety shows moderate resistance to TSWV and moderate resistance to leaf spot. SPAN 17 is an early maturing Spanish variety that matures between 120-130 days with a seed count of 757 per pound.

VIRGINIA MARKET TYPES ACI 1850 is a high-yielding, high-oleic, large-seeded Virginia variety developed and tested in Georgia. It has moderate to excellent resistance to white mold, TSWV and leaf spot. It is high oleic and has a very high percentage of extra-large kernels and jumbo pods. It also has good pod shape and color. ACI 1850 is very desirable for the in-shell market when grown on appropriate light soils. ACI 351 is a high-yielding large-seeded Virginia variety developed and tested in West Texas. It is high oleic and has a high percentage of extra-large kernels and jumbo pods. It has good pod shape and color desirable for the in-shell markets as well. In ACI trials and grower production, it has produced yields of more than 5,500 pounds per acre.

nematode resistance of Webb cultivar, but with less vine growth for better harvestability. NemaTAM II maintains the resistance to root-knot nematodes equal to Webb with equal or better yield and increased grade potential. NemaTAM II has shorter canopy than Webb for easier digging and inverting. Tamrun OL11: A high-yielding, high-oleic, runner-type peanut cultivar developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. It has improved resistance to

Sclerotinia minor and improved grade over previously released runner-type cultivars that are resistant to S. minor. Tamrun OL11 is specifically developed for the West Texas growing region. Tamrun OL18L: A high-yielding, high-oleic, early maturing runner-type peanut cultivar that was released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research with a larger than average seed size. Its maturity is comparable to Tamrun OL12, which is 14 days earlier maturing than Flavor PEANUTGROWER.COM

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2021 VARIETY GUIDE Runner 458. Yield was similar to Georgia09B, but was higher than Tamrun OL11. The seed size was similar to Tamrun OL07 and Webb. No differences in flavors were noted in analysis between Tamrun OL18L and the check cultivars. Tamrun OL19: A high-yielding, high-oleic, early maturing runner-type peanut cultivar that was released from Texas A&M AgriLife Research. It is approximately seven days earlier maturing than Tamrun OL07 and seven days later than Tamrun OL12 in five years of testing. Yield was similar to Georgia-09B but was higher than Tamrun OL11. The seed size is similar to Tamrun OL11 but larger than Georgia-09B. No differences in flavors were noted in the flavor analysis between Tamrun OL18L and check cultivars. Tifguard: Developed by USDA’s Agriculture Research Service in Tifton, Georgia, Tifguard has resistance to nematodes so as to be characterized as “near immunity.” It offers good yields and grades, especially in places where there would be no yield from other varieties. It offers good resistance to TSWV, and maturity is similar to Georgia Green. TifNV-HighO/L: Released by USDAARS, in Tifton, this variety has the near immunity to nematodes as Tifguard with the high-oleic oil trait. It also has resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus. It is similar to Tifguard in plant and seed characteristics. TUFRunner™ ‘297’: Developed by the University of Florida, this variety is an extra-large seeded runner-type peanut with high-oleic oil chemistry. Released in 2014, this variety has demonstrated very good resistance to white mold, good resistance to TSWV but is susceptible to leaf spot. Yield and grade have been excellent. It has a prominent center stem with semi-prostate growth habit. TUFRunner™ ‘511’: This University of Florida released variety is a large-seeded, medium-maturity runner-type peanut with high-oleic oil chemistry. It has very good resistance to white mold and moderate resistance to TSWV. Yield and grade of TUFRunner™ ‘511’ have been excellent. The seed size is similar to Georgia-06G with a similar outturn of medium, No. 1 and jumbo kernels. The 16 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Texas, 2019-2020. Variety

West Texas (lbs./A)

Texas Rolling Plains (lbs./A)

Central Texas (lbs./A)

South Texas (lbs./A)

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

AG-18

6861

2962

3260

4491

7845

7697

6971

5474

GA09B

7151

3241

3550

4705

7385

8114

5716

3110

4739

8546

4186

GA16HO IPG 4944

7093

3711

2788

3354

5576

5046

IPG 914

6970

3372

2425

4130

5598

4831

IPG QR-14

6331

2317

3122

3820

7417

7544

6081

4162

Lariat NemaTAM II Tamrun OL18L

3772

3492

4343

8478

8174

4268

6999

3720

3271

4700

5480

4580

2187

3833

5289

Preliminary data as of 1/12/2021. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura, John Cason, and Katie Lewis. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

Performance Of Eight Runner Peanut Cultivars In Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2018-2020. Pod Yield

TSMK

Jumbo

Medium

No. 1

TUFRunner ‘297’

3581

ACI 789

3481

TUFRunner‘727’

3480

Georgia-09B

3424

Variety

(lbs./A)

(%)

IPG QR-14

3410

Tamrun OL11

3397

IPG 914

3311

ACI 883

3252

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com.

growth habit of TUFRunner™ ‘511’ is prostrate with a good center stem. TUFRunner™ ‘727’: This is a medium- to medium-late maturing (135-145 days), high-oleic, runner market-type peanut cultivar with very good resistance to white mold, resistance to TSWV and some resistance to late leaf spot. It has a prostrate, runner growth habit with large vines and large runner seed size. Yield and grade of TUFRunner™ ‘727’ have been excellent.

VIRGINIA-TYPE VARIETIES Bailey: Bailey is a medium- to large-seeded and high-yielding Virginiatype peanut. It produces high yields across multiple years and locations, which is an indication of good tolerance to fluctuations of weather and

growth conditions. Bailey has a growth habit intermediate between runner and bunch types, bright pods and tan kernel color. More importantly, it is resistant to TSWV and thrips. It matures in approximately 145 DAP, just a little after CHAMPS, but it holds pods much better than CHAMPS if picked later. Bailey II: Like Bailey, Bailey II is a large-seeded Virginia market-type peanut with tolerance to Cylindrocladium black rot, Sclerotinia blight, tomato spotted wilt virus and stem rot. Bailey II was released in 2017 and is the high-oleic version of Bailey. This variety is currently in seed increase and will not be readily available for a couple of years. Emery: Emer y is a high-oleic large-seeded Virginia-type cultivar with alternate branching pattern, intermediPEANUTGROWER.COM

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2021 VARIETY GUIDE Pod Yield Of The Virginia-Type Peanut Varieties In The 2020 Peanut Variety And Quality Evaluation Testing Across The Virginia-Carolina Region. Variety

Suffolk, VA (lbs./A)

Williamston, NC (lbs./A)

Rocky Mount, NC (lbs./A)

Council, NC (lbs./A)

Blackville, SC (lbs./A)

All locations (lbs./A)

Dig 1†

Dig 2

Dig 1

Dig 2

NC20

2960

4207

4881

6006

3956

2950

4908

4267

Bailey

3410

4215

5165

5270

4246

2508

4971

4255

Walton

3434

4186

4979

5424

3647

2567

4860

4157

Emery

3325

4175

4692

5034

4132

2880

4334

4081

Wynne

2989

3961

5068

5519

4211

1948

4738

4062

Bailey II

3331

3476

5130

4781

4187

2874

4494

4039

Sullivan

3098

3786

4959

5041

3860

2033

4599

3911

Mean

3221

4001

4982

5296

4034

2537‡

4701

4110

Dig 1 refers to an approximately two-week earlier dig from the normal dig (Dig 2) at the physiological maturity or 140 days from planting in Virginia and northern North Carolina locations. At this location, excessive rainfall in May postponed planting in June. Crop matured late and digging, in extreme wet soils in October, resulted in substantial pod shedding, for which yields were very low at this location. Source: Maria Balota, Assistant Professor, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech, http:pubs.ext.vt.edu/author/b/balota-maria-res.html.

†

‡

Performance Of Four Virginia Peanut Cultivars In Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2018-2020. IN-SHELL Variety

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

SHELLED

TSMK

Super-Jumbo

Jumbo

Fancy

Super-ELK

(%)

ELK (%)

Medium

No. 1

(%)

Florida Fancy

3924

ACI 442

3834

Sugg

3703

IPG 464

3629

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com.

ate runner growth habit and medium green foliage. Emery has approximately 67% jumbo and 24% fancy pods, and seeds with tan seed coat averaging 940 mg seed-1 (480 seed lb-1). Emery is partially resistant to three of the four major regional diseases: leaf spot, Sclerotinia blight and tomato spotted wilt virus, but it should be considered susceptible to Cylindrocladium black rot. Emery has bright pods and flavor comparable with runner-type standards. Yields and the number of days to maturity are similar with Bailey (145 days). Georgia-11J: This is a high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV-resistant, large-podded and large-seeded, Virginia-type peanut variety. Georgia-11J has the high-oleic and low-linoleic fatty acid ratio for improved oil quality. Georgia-11J is similar to Georgia-08V, another high-oleic Virginia-type variety, in having low TSWV disease incidence, high pod yield, 18 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

Yield Performance Of Virginia-Type Varieties In Texas, 2019-2020. Variety

ACI 442 Contender IPG 464 NC17

West Texas (lbs./A)

Texas Rolling Plains (lbs./A)

Central Texas (lbs./A)

South Texas (lbs./A)

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

6425

4051

2552

3084

8014

6188

2126

2810

4770

7530

6672

5985

4501

5881

3154

3066

4905

8028

2204

4103

6406

Preliminary data as of 1/12/2021. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura, John Cason, and Katie Lewis. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

high total sound mature kernel grade percentage and high dollar value return per acre. Sullivan: A release by North Carolina State University, Sullivan is a high-oleic Virginia-type cultivar with alternate branching pattern, intermediate runner growth habit and medium green foliage. It was developed from a cross with a sister line of Bailey, and it has partial resistance

to early leaf spot, CBR, Sclerotinia blight and TSWV. Sullivan has approximately 45 percent jumbo pods and 40% fancy pods, and seed are tan with seed coat averaging 931 mg seed-1. Yields and the number of days to maturity are similar with Bailey (145 days). Walton: Walton was tested as line 08x09-3-14-1 and jointly released in 2019 by the University of Florida and Virginia PEANUTGROWER.COM

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2021 VARIETY GUIDE International Peanut Group

nternational Peanut Group is a private seed company that develops and releases new peanut varieties, as well as conducting other related research. IPG partners with Algrano Peanuts, a grower-owned sheller in West Texas and New Mexico, to produce and sell commercial seed. For more information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or 806-522-6422, or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed. com or Jim Gregory at jim.gregory@algranopeanuts.com.

RUNNER-TYPE VARIETIES: ACI 789: This is a medium-maturing, high-oleic, runner-type variety with excellent yield potential and is adapted for production in all regions of the United States. Released by AgResearch Consultants Inc., it has moderate resistance to early leaf spot and tomato spotted wilt with excellent yield and grade. The variety has a consistent plant type and seed size distribution. IPG 914: Early maturing, high oleic and large seeded, this runner-type variety is very well adapted for production in the Mid-South and Southwest United States. It was released by IPG and combines early maturity with strong yield and grade potential. It has moderate tolerance to the leaf spot complex and tomato spotted wilt, but is susceptible to Diplodia collar rot. IPG 4944: This is an early to medium-maturing, high-oleic runner-type variety that is adapted for production in the U.S. Southwest. It has excellent early season vigor and rapid stand establishment. It is a good option for certified organic production. IPG 4944 also has a high proportion of medium-sized kernels (+18/64”) and reaches harvest maturity in approximately 130 to 135 days after planting. IPG QR-14: IPG QR-14 is an early maturing, high-oleic, runner-type variety with an adaptation for production in the Southwest and Mid-South. This variety was released by International Peanut Group. IPG QR-14 combines early maturity with moderate tolerance to the leaf spot complex and reaches harvest maturity in approximately 125 to 130 days after planting. It also has excellent shellout and a high proportion of medium-sized kernels.

VIRGINIA-TYPE VARIETIES: ACI 442: ACI 442 is a high-yielding, high-oleic, Virginia-type variety with excellent adaptation for production in the Southwest. This variety was released by AgResearch Consultants Inc. and combines high-oleic seed chemistry with excellent yield potential and a high proportion of fancy pods. It has bright hull color and reaches maturity at approximately 145 days after planting. It has limited disease resistance, so it is best suited for production in semi-arid climates. IPG 464: This is an early maturing, high-oleic, super-jumbo, Virginia-type variety with excellent adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest. This variety was released by International Peanut Group as a specialty Virginia variety with a high proportion of both super-jumbo pods and super-ELKs. IPG 464 reaches harvest maturity at approximately 135 to 140 days after planting. It is best suited for production in semi-arid climates; it is also resistant to groundnut rosette virus.

SPANISH-TYPE VARIETIES: ACI 236: A high-yielding, high-oleic, Spanish-type variety, it has excellent adaptation for production in the Southwest and oth-

20 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

Performance Of 14 Cultivars In A Certified Organic Field, Gaines County, Texas, 2019-2020. Variety

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

28-Day Plant Standa (no./row foot)

Maturity

IPG 914

3081

2.3

Medium

IPG 016

3024

2.5

Medium

IPG 3628

2992

1.9

Early

IPG 464

2992

2.6

Medium

IPG 4944

2616

2.5

Early

IPG 1288

2562

2.8

Early

AT-9899

2538

2.8

Early

Florida Fancy

2518

2.1

Late

Tamnut OL06

2391

2.9

Early

ACI 442

2260

2.4

Medium

IPG QR-14

2248

2.5

Medium

ACI 236

2114

2.4

Early

IPG 274

1730

2.4

Early

Valencia C

801

2.9

Early

Planting seed density was approximately 5 seed per row-foot.

er semi-arid climates. This variety was released by AgResearch Consultants Inc. ACI 236 has a prostrate growth habit, excellent shellout and a high proportion of jumbo-sized kernels. The variety also has excellent early season vigor and reaches harvest maturity at approximately 120 days after planting. Its vigor and rapid stand establishment also make it a good option for organic production. IPG 3628: A high-yielding, high oleic, Spanish-type variety with excellent yield potential and adaptation for the Southwest. and other semi-arid climates. This variety combines elite yield potential with prostrate growth habit and typical Spanish seed size and shape. IPG 3628 has excellent early season vigor, which makes it a good option for organic production. It reaches harvest maturity at approximately 125 days after planting.

VALENCIA-TYPE VARIETIES: IPG 274: This is a next-generation, high-yielding, high-oleic Valencia-type variety with adaptation for production in the Southwest and other semi-arid climates. IPG 274 was released by International Peanut Group and combines high-oleic seed chemistry with the red-skinned kernels and excellent roasted flavor typical of the Valencia market type. This variety reaches harvest maturity in approximately 120 to 125 days after planting and has a prostrate growth habit; yield and grade potential are excellent. This variety is best suited for shelled Valencia markets. IPG 1288: This variety is a next-generation, high-yielding, high-oleic Valencia type with adaptation for production in the Southwest and other semi-arid climates, as well as more humid environments. This variety was released by International Peanut Group. It reaches harvest maturity in approximately 120 to 125 days after planting and has a prostrate growth habit; yield and grade potential are excellent. It is also resistant to groundnut rosette virus. This variety is best suited for shelled Valencia markets and has excellent roasted flavor.

PEANUTGROWER.COM

Tech. It is a Virginia-type peanut with good agronomic performance compared with Bailey, Emery and Bailey II under normal production, but with superior performance under extreme water conditions. Seeds are elongated in shape and seed testa color is light pink to pink. It has dark green foliage and intermediate growth habit. The main stem is not distinguishable from the lateral branches. Walton is a high-oleic line with resistance to leaf spot and TSWV, and it was developed for the V-C region. Seed will become available after the 2021 growing season. Wynne: Plants of the Wynne variety resemble Sullivan. It has partial resistance to early leaf spot, CBR, Sclerotinia blight and TSWV and has the high oleic characteristic. The percentage of jumbo pods is 68 and fancy pods 21 for this cultivar. Seeds have a pink seed coat and average 1051 mg seed-1. Like Sullivan, Wynne has yields and maturity similar to Bailey but is significantly higher than CHAMPS, Gregory, NC-V11, Perry and Phillips.

SPANISH OLin: A high-oleic medium maturity Spanish-type peanut developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. It has Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) resistance, and

Yield Performance Of Spanish-Type Varieties In Texas, 2019-2020. Variety

West Texas (lbs./A)

ACI 236

Texas Rolling Plains (lbs./A)

Central Texas (lbs./A)

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

4596

2352

2396

3642

7117

4442

IPG 3628

6461

3189

3314

4164

OLè

5067

2230

2058

3171

6461

7228

4075

Preliminary data as of 1/12/2021. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura, John Cason, and Katie Lewis. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

Performance Of Five Spanish Peanut Cultivars In Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2018-2020. Variety

Pod Yield

TSMK

Jumbo

No. 1

IPG 3628

3534

AT-9899

3330

(lbs./A)

(%)

West Texas (lbs./A)

3042

2619

OLin

2528

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com.

seed size is comparable Tamspan 90. Pod and seed sizes are slightly smaller than Tamspan 90 with occasional three-seeded pods. The yield of OLin will be slightly less than Tamspan 90, but grades will be slightly higher.

Texas Rolling Plains (lbs./A)

Central Texas (lbs./A)

South Texas (lbs./A)

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

IPG 1288

6411

2736

1935

4583

IPG 274

5401

3319

2532

4857

2457

2500

5140

3078

1289

2614

6672

3902

1734

2313

5524

4547

TamVal OL14 Valencia C

Preliminary data as of 1/12/2021. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura, John Cason, and Katie Lewis. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

Performance Of Three Valencia Peanut Cultivars In Yoakum County, Texas, 2018-2020. Variety

Pod Yield

TSMK

IPG 274

2760

IPG 1288

2740

Valencia C

1911

(lbs./A)

Jumbo

Medium

(%)

No. 1 (%)

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com. TWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

(%)

ACI 236

2019

NuMex-01

(%)

Tamnut OL06

Yield Performance Of Valencia-Type Varieties In Texas, 2019-2020. Variety

South Texas (lbs./A)

Schubert: A high-yielding, high-oleic, early-maturing Spanish-type cultivar with improved shell-out. It was developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. Schubert matures approximately one to two weeks earlier than OLin and has significantly higher yield and grade. Resistance to Sclerotinia minor was comparable to Tamspan 90. Tamnut OL06: A high-yielding, large-seeded, high-oleic, Spanishtype peanut cultivar released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. Maturity and Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) resistance data indicate it is equal to that of Tamspan 90 and OLin. Tamnut OL06 exhibits improved yield of 10% over OLin.

VALENCIA TamVal OL14: A high yielding, high-oleic Valencia-type peanut cultivar developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. The release represents the first high-oleic cultivar in the Valencia-type market class. TamVal OL14 has exhibited moderate resistance to Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) and has averaged 600 pounds per acre increased yield over New Mexico Valencia C in four years of testing. PG FEBRUARY 2021 • THE PEANUT GROWER / 21

Feral Swine Garner More Attention, Funding

new project co-led by Auburn University researchers addresses the increasing number and distribution of feral swine—animals that cause more than $50 million a year in damage to agriculture in Alabama. The research focuses on measuring the reduction in damage caused by feral swine during the implementation of the Alabama Feral Swine Control Pilot Program. Through a $450,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, professors Mark Smith, Graeme Lockaby and Stephen Ditchkoff of the School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences are spearheading the monitoring and evaluation component of the feral swine control program, a cooperative effort led by the Alabama Soil and Water Conservation Committee. Most Destructive Pest The program emanated from the National Feral Swine Control Pilot Program established by the 2018 Farm Bill. Smith says the research and Extension objectives from the Alabama Soil and Water Conservation Committee of the grant are twofold. “First, the principle investigators and several graduate students will focus on measuring the reduction in damage caused by wild pigs on agricultural land during removal operations on select watersheds in the Alabama counties of Baldwin, Escambia, Henry, Houston and Sumter,” Smith says. The Alabama state office of the USDA Wildlife Services will lead on-the-ground support to conduct wild pig removal. In addition, qualifying landowners will have access to substantial cost-shares on high-tech trapping equipment through the Conservation Incentives Program administered by the Alabama Soil and Water Conservation Committee to further reduce local feral swine numbers. A Broad Approach To Control Elizabeth Bradley, a doctoral student under the direction of Lockaby, will draw comparisons in water quality in several watersheds within the project area before and after the wild pigs have been removed. Working with Smith, graduate student Arielle Fay will use an unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the changes in damage throughout the growing season to determine how wild pigs ravage crops. 22 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2021

Another Auburn graduate student, William Green, will interview landowners within the project area to develop wholefarm estimates of damage caused by wild pigs and reductions in crop damage relative to removal efforts. Online technical training courses, equipment expos, seminars and how-to videos are being developed to address the project’s educational and awareness needs. Interested landowners can visit alconservationdistricts.gov and follow the link to the feral swine program to enter their contact information to request further details about the program. Additionally, landowners can contact their county’s soil and water conservation district office for more information. Project partners in this coordinated effort include the USDA Wildlife Services, Alabama Association of Conservation Districts, Alabama Agriculture and Conservation Development Commission, Alabama Farmers Federation, Alabama Wildlife Federation, Alabama Cattlemen’s Association, the Alabama Cooperative Extension System, Auburn University and the University of West Alabama. PG Written and submitted by Teri Greene, Auburn University. USDA Invests $11.65 Million To Control Destructive Wild Pigs USDA is investing $11.65 million in 14 projects to help agricultural producers and private landowners trap and control feral swine as part of the Feral Swine Eradication and Control Pilot Program. This investment expands the program to new projects in Alabama, Hawaii, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Texas. The program is a joint effort between USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service and USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. “These awards enable landowners to address the threat that feral swine pose to natural resources and agriculture,” NRCS Acting Chief Kevin Norton says. “The projects we have identified will be key to addressing the feral swine problem.” Pilot projects consist broadly of three coordinated components: 1) feral swine removal by APHIS; 2) restoration efforts supported by NRCS; and 3) assistance to producers for feral swine control provided through partnership agreements with non-federal partners. Projects are planned to conclude at the end of September 2023. PG PEANUTGROWER.COM

SEND LEAF SPOT PACKING.

Add new MICROTHI™ to FRAC 3, 7 and 11 applications University researchers have discovered that adding new MICROTHI micronized sulfur to FRAC 3, 7 and 11 fungicides can enhance leaf spot control in peanuts. MICROTHI actually boosts the eﬃcacy of these single-site fungicides that have developed resistance, or are at risk of developing leaf spot resistance. Just ﬁve pounds per acre of MICROTHI added to your early and mid-season treatments is a convenient and economical way to improve disease control and improve your return on investment. To send leaf spot packing, ask your retailer or UPL representative about new MICROTHI.

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