flusek dk liQj

esjk lc dqN ukp gS] ;gh esjk çseh Hkh gS] ifr Hkh vkSj nsork Hkh

^in~e Hkq"k.k* lEeku ysus ls badkj djus okyh] vius gd dh yM+kbZ yM+us okyh ^dRFkd Dohu* flrkjk nsoh dk tUe nhikoyh ds fnu 8 uoEcj 1916 dks gqvk FkkA viuh bPNk'kfä] ftn ;k gB;ksx ds dkj.k 12 ?kaVs rd vfojke u`R; dk dhfrZeku cukus okyh dRFkd u`R;kaxuk us Hkkjro"kZ dk uke laxhr ds {ks= esa Å¡pk dj fn;k FkkA js'keh cky] 'kks[k&papy vaf[k;ksa ds lkFk dkt+y ds vksV esa ftldk psgjk lksus lk lnk nedrk Fkk og bl ns'k dh fo[;kr u`R;xuk flrkjk nsoh Fkha] e`R;q ds le; os 94 o"kZ dh FkhaA nhikoyh ds ,d ekg ds ckn 25 uoEcj 2014 dks flrkjk nsoh us tlyksd vLirky esa vkf[kjh lkals yhaA ^Hkkjr jRu* tSlk jk"Vª lEeku u feyus dk nq%[k mUgsa thoui;ZUr jgk FkkA u`R;lkexzuh] dRFkd u`R;xuk flrkjk nsoh dk tUe dk'kh ds fo[;kr laxhrKksa ls tkudkjh j[kus okys ifjokj esa gqvk Fkk] pkj ekg vLoLFk jgrs gq, mudk iSj vLirky esa] nwljk iSj ?kj esa fdlh rky ds vkorZu dh rjg gks jgk Fkk] ij tSlk dh ge tkurs gS dh flrkjs rks dHkh ejk ugha djrs] gk¡ vkt flrkjk nsoh gekjh vka[kkssa ls vks>y vo'; gks xbZ gSa ij vkt Hkh lHkh ds tsgu esa gSaA lkaxhfrd xf.kr ds ikj[kh lq[knso egkjkt flrkjk nsoh ds firk Fks] usiky ds jktiqjksfgr dh eRL; dqekjh mudh ekrkth Fkha]17 o"khZ; lq[knso egkjkt dyk dk çn'kZu djus gsrq usiky x, vkSj ogka mUgksus eRL; dqekjh dk fny pqjk fy;k] eRL; dqekjh lq[knso egkjkt usiky ls Hkkxs] ;qok tks'k Fkk nksuksa cukjl vk x,] ij fookfgr lq[knso egkjkt ds èkks[kk nsus ls eRL; dqekjh ukjkt gks xbZa] BkV &ckV esa iyh&c<+h eRL; dqekjh rFkk nwljh rjQ y; rFkk rky ds ikj[kh lq[knso egkjkt] dgk¡ tkrh eRL; dqekjh ]le; chrk nksuksa us le>kSrk dj fy;k gkykr ls] nksuksa dh tksM+h

teh x`gLrh py iM+h] dk;nk] ck¡V lqudj crk nsusokys lq[knso egkjkt dks ,d ds ckn ,d] rhu iqf=vksa dk firk gksus dk lkSHkkX; feyk] l`tukRed çfrHkk ds /kuh lq[knso egkjkt us viuh nksuksa cM+h vkSj lqUnj dU;kvksa (vyduank rFkk rkjk) dks viuh dyk ds fp=kadu ds fy, ?kj esa gh muds fy, dSuokl ryk'k fy;kA laxhr lh[kus ds fy, ml tekus rok;Qksa ds ?kj laxhrK rFkk laxhrdkj tk;k tk;k djrs Fks] mUgha dks laxhr fl[kkus ds uke ij laxhrK viuh jksth &jksVh dk tqxkM+ dj fy;k djrs Fks] ij czkã.k fcjknjh us lq[knso egkjkt dks fcjknjh ls cfg"d`r flQZ blfy, dj fn;k dh mUgsa lq[knso egkjkt ds }kjk rok;Qksa dks laxhr lh[kuk tek ugha] /kUuks /kuy{eh gksrs gq,] /kUuks flrkjk nsoh cu xbZ] Vs<s gksaB rFkk lk/kkj.k ukd&uD'k okyh /kUuks us rkjk vkSj vyduank dks u`R; lh[krs ns[k u`R; lh[k fy;k Fkk] cukjl ds dchjpkSjk ls pkSd gksrs gq, lq[knso egkjkt dks eqacbZ vkuk vius esa la;ksx gh dgk tk;sxk] ^jkèkkd`".k u`R; dsaæ* dk cksMZ yxk pkSd (okjk.klh) esa u`R; fl[kkus okys lq[knso egkjkt u`R; & lajpukvksa dks pqurs Fks ij vius gh ?kj esa jgdj os ugha tku ik;s dh ftl /kUuks dks os u`R; ugha lh[kk jgs gSa ogh /kUuks mudk uke jkS'ku djsxh] xyr lwpukvksa ds vk/kkj ij tc lq[knso egkjkt ds ?kj Nkik iM+k rc ml le; dh lEekfur rok;Q fo|knsoh us lq[knso egkjkt ds leFkZu esa ç'kklu ds f[kykQ ekspkZ [kksy fn;k Fkk] fo|knsoh xka/kh th }kjk pyk;s tk jgs Lora= vkanksyu ls Hkh tqMh gq, Fkha] fo|ky; okf"kZd mRlo esa u`R; ukfVdk ^lkfo=h lR;oku* ds eapu esa /kUuks us Hkkx fy;k vkSj ^vkt* lekpkj i= esa ;g lekpkj çdkf'kr gqvkA ogk¡ mifLFkr lHkh dk fny vkB o"khZ; /kUuks us rc thr fy;k Fkk] ml le; caxky ds eSeu flag jkt njckj ls lq[knso egkjkt dks fuea=.k feyk vkSj os

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lifjokj caxky tk igqapsA ewd fQYeks esa rc u`R; ds n`'; ds fy, ltho ufrZfd;ksa dh ekax gqvk djrh Fkh] 25 :i, ds ikjJfed ij /kUuks us tks u`R; dkuiwj ds ,d flusek?kj esa çLrqr fd;k] mlls çHkkfor gksdj cukjl ds fujatu 'kekZ us vius lgk;d paædkar dks ,d NksVh cky dykdkj dk p;u djus ds fy;k dgk]/kUuks dh lgt u`R; çfrHkk paædkar dks ilan vk xbZ] /kUuks dk cpiuk paædkar dks Hkk x;k Fkk] ^m"kk gj.k* fQYe tks dh eqacbZ esa cu jgh Fkh mlds fy, ftl cky dykdkj dh [kkst Fkh og iwjh gks pqdh Fkh ]lq[knso dh nksuksa cM+h csfV;ka Fkh] ij lqUnj dykdkj ysdj fujatu oekZ ukf;dk dks dksbZ f'kdk;r dk ekSdk ugha nsuk pkgrs Fks ]lq[knso egkjkt us fQj dksbZ ftn ugha dh] cl fQj D;k Fkk 400 :i, egkokj ij rhu eghus ds fy, lq[knso egkjkt lifjokj eqacbZ vk x,] vkokl rFkk Hkkstu dh O;oLFkk vyx ls Fkh] johUæukFk VSxksj us ftl cky u`R; ij [kq'k gksdj 50 :i, buke ds /kUuks dks fn;k Fkk ]mls f'k[kj rd igqpus dk vk'khokZn fn;k Fkk og lkeus Fkk] VSxksj dh *dFkd Dohu* 13 o"khZ; /kUuks flrkjk nsoh dk lQj r; djus dks çLrqr Fkh] tks u`R; /kUuks us VkVk egy esa VSxksj ds lkeus çLrqr fd;k Fkk ogka mls buke esa 'kky Hkh feyk Fkk] ml le; lq[knso egkjkt us dgk Fkk] ^jk/kkd`".k ds fy, ukp ldrh gS rks esjh csVh D;ksa ugha \*] ^dRFkd jkuh * dh inoh mUgsa yksxksa us ,sls gh ugha nh Fkh] flrkjk nsoh tc eap ij viuk u`R; çLrqr djrha rks ml le; os fdlh vIljk ls de ugha yxrh Fkha] u`R; dh f'k{kk mUgksus vius firk ds vkykok iafMr vPNu egkjkt] iafMr yPNw egkjkt rFkk iafMr 'kEHkw egkjkt ls fof/kor çf'k{k.k çkIr dj yh FkhA lkxj LVwfM;ks esa 1500 :i, ekgokj ds :i esa eq[; urZd dh ukSdjh lkFk flrkjk us ml nkSj dh dbZ fQYekas esa dke Hkh fd;k] vuks[kh vnk] oru] ut+ek] ifjans] /khjt] iky] lyek ]Lokeh] iwtk] vNwr] dkty] gypy rFkk enj bafM;k tSlh lQy fQYekas esa mUgksus dke fd;k Fkk] enj bafM;k mudh vafre fQYe Fkh] u`R;] vfHku; rFkk xhr ds ek/;e ls os tkuh igpkuh tkus yxh Fkha] csxe v[rj] v'kksd dqekj] eksrhyky] t;jkt] ;kdwc] t ; j k t ] c y j k t l k g u h ] j k t d i w j ] fnyhidqekj] ujfx'k] oh.kk rFkk lqjS;k ds lkFk mUgksusa dke fd;k Fkk] 'kf'k diwj rks muds iSj Nw vk'khokZn fy;k djrs Fks] jktdiwj ds ?kj dh gksyh rks flrkjk nsoh ds cxSj iwjh gksrh gh ugha FkhA u`R; ds fy, euk dj nsus ds ckn flrkjk nsoh dk vfHku; dSfj;j Hkh yxHkx lekIr gks x;k Fkk] *unh fdukjs* esa muds 'k'kä vfHku;]* utek ^ dh ijR;äk iRuh dk vkØks'k çn'kZu rFkk varosZnuk dk vankt ns[kdj yksx Hkkoqd gks mBrs Fks] vfHku; {kerk dk thoar :i dk n'kZu ges'kk gh n'kZdksa dks muds muds vfHku; esa ns[kus dks feyk] lhf<+;ka ls mrjrs gq, jkse&jkse ls fudyk mudk çyki #igys insZ ij tSls thoar gks gks mBrk Fkk] okLrfodrk ds djhc lk fn[kus okyk og n`'; tc n`';kadu fd;k x;k rHkh fdjnkj esa [kks gks pqdh flrkjk nsoh ogha lsV ij vpsr gksdj fxj iM+haA dSejs okys dSejk NksM+ rc mudh vksj Hkkxs FksA ^ys[k* fQYe ds ,d n`'; esa is'ksoj urZdh dk vfHku; djrs gq, mUgs [kq'kh rFkk xe dk n`'; ,d lkFk nsuk Fkk ]lsdaMksa ls Hkh de le; esa Hkh flrkjk nsoh og n`'; nsus esa dke;kc gks tkrh gSa] tcfd n`'; ;g Fkk dh vius csVh ds fookg mRlo u`R; ckjkfr;ksa ds lEeq[k is'k djuk FkkA ikfjokfjd rFkk lkekftd mis{kk dh osnuk cpiu ls gh flrkjk nsoh us ik;k Fkk ]ftlls foæksg dk Loj bruk eq[kj gks x;k Fkk dh os ftíh o csijokg cu xbZa Fkha] cksYM] C;wVhQqy vkSj fcankl lh fn[kus okyh flrkjk nsoh [kkfe;ktk dk ijokg ugha djrha Fkha] ftlds çfr tks dqN fny esa gksrk Fkk cl cksy tkrh Fkha] jksVh (1942)] rFkk ftanxh (1942) vkfn fQYekas us mUgs 'kq#vkrh fnuksa esa lQyrk fnykbZ Fkh] jkcVZ vycVZ gkWy (yUnu) esa 1967 rFkk djsath gkWy (U;w;kdZ) 1968 esa u`R; çLrqr dj mUgksus fo'o Lrj ij u`R; esa [;kfr ikbZ FkhA rHkh dRFkd u`R; esa Hkkjro"kZ dh çfr"Bk esa pkj &pk¡n yx x;k FkkA dRFkd u`R; dks ,d [kkl igpku fnykus okyh flrkjk nsoh dk ^flrkjk* ukedj.k ^vkt* U;wt us fn;k Fkk] flrkjk eryc LVkj vkSj os lpeqp dRFkd esa LVkj gh cu xbZa ]^oru* ds fy, mUgas loZJs"B vfHkus=h dk iqjLdkj feyk Fkk] laxhr ukVd vdkneh rFkk in~eJh çkIr djus okyh bl vHkus=h dks ine Hkw"k.k vokMZ fn;k tkuk Fkk] ij *Hkkjr jRu* ls dke ds rtZ ij og vokMZ ysus ls Hkh euk dj fn;k] ç[;kr ys[kd ltnr glu eaVks us flrkjk nsoh ds ckjs esa dqN fy[kk] tks flrkjk nsoh dks vPNk ugha yxkA Hkkjr ukVîe rFkk yksdu`R;] jfl;u cSyV rFkk if'peh u`R; rFkk vU; lHkh rjg ds u`R; djus os dke;kc jgha]mUgksusa vius dks rik;k rFkk gj &ckj fu[kj dj Js"B u`R; djus esa os ges'kk dke;kc jgha] jks'ku dqekj dh rjg mUgas y; esa egkjr gkfly Fkk] ne;arh tks'kh dh rjg Hkko&ço.k vfHku; os vius vk¡[kksa ls dj tkrh Fkha tfVy ls tfVy rksM+s] VqdM+s vkSj iLlksa dks lgt Hkko ls çLrqr dj tkrh Fkha] muds u`R; ls eap ls fctyh dkSa/k tkrh Fkh Hkko & eXu gks yksx 'kkar fpÙk ls muds dyk dks (Hkko&foHkksj gks yksxksa ds eq[k ls okg D;k ckr gS] gh fudyrk) fugkjrs jg tkrs Fks] J`axkj i{k gks fo;ksx i{k mudk u`R; jl foHkksj dj tkrk Fkk] vk¡[kksa esa rks tSls muds lEeksgu Fkk] tks eap ij peRdkj dj tkrk Fkk] ftl le; flrkjk nsoh dk u`R; vius pje ij Fkk le; dh lHkh u`R;kaxukvksa dh ped Qhdh iM+ xbZ Fkh] os'kHkw"kk rFkk :ilTtk dk os [kkl [;ky j[krh Fkh] u`R; esa XySej dk rM+dk yxkus esa Hkh os dke;kc gqbZ Fkha] 'kkyhurk dk ikyu djrs gq, 'kL=h;rk dh e;kZnk dk ikyu mUgksusa vius u`R; esa ges'kk fd;k] QwgM+rk dk muds u`R; esa dksbZ LFkku ugha Fkk]jk/kk&d`".k] f'ko&ikoZrh rFkk gksyh u`R; esa os vius rd dks eap ij Hkwy tkrh Fkha] guqeku ds yadk ços'k dk n`'; Hkh mUgksusa dbZ eapks ls çLrqr fd;k Fkk] dgk¡ ml le; ?kq?kV ds vanj urZfd;ka jgk djrh Fkh ]dgk¡ flrkjk nsoh 'kVZ] iSaV rFkk vk¡[kksa ij dkyk p'ek igu dj tc fudyrh Fkha rks yksx ns[krs jg tkrs Fks] vartkZrh; fookg ds ewy ls mudk ifjokj vkt fgUnw] eqfLye] fl[k rFkk bZlkbZ lHkh /keksZ ls tkuk tkrk gS] oSls Hkh dykdkj dk /keZ rFkk mldh igpku rks mldh dyk ls gh gksrh gSA

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