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THE ULTIMATE MEDICINAL CANNABIS RESOURCE Extract is circulated at its designated distribution points free of charge to readers for their individual use and by mail to subscribers.

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MANAGING EDITOR Matt Dinger

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CONTRIBUTORS Chad Crow J. Blake Johnson Nikita Lewchuk Matt Patterson Dr. Steven Ross, MD PHOTOGRAPHER/ VIDEOGRAPHER Alexa Ace

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LEGAL

4 legal trademarks

Peter J. Brzycki

EDITORIAL

CONTENTS CONSUMERS

7 COVER veterans and cannabis 9 cannabis and sports 13 medical terpenes 15 firearms and cannabis 19 multigenerational cannabis 21 dispensary listings

Justin Jicha | Photo Alexa Ace

LIFESTYLE

VETERANS AND CANNABIS, P. 7

25 recipes Green & Clean Gourmet Chefs

Each month, Extract explores trends in the CBD and medical marijuana business, from new treatments andCBD products to emerging Each month, Extract explores trends in the and medicinal companies, but its primary focus is on this new world of medicinal cannabis business, from new treatments andand products to emerging treatment and how it affects readers consumers. companies, but its primary focus is on this new world of medicinal treatment and how it affects readers and consumers.

EDITOR’S NOTE ciously agreed to share their experiences with you.

Most Oklahoma medical cannabis dispensaries offer some form of veteran discount, and for good reason.

With injuries and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) plaguing Americans long after they have left the war theater, many are finding relief of some degree from the plant. Extract spoke with two veterans about their experiences and the stigma still associated with cannabis largely due to federal prohibition. I met these two men and learned of their histories while reporting stories for The High Culture in Oklahoma Gazette and was impressed with their candor. They both gra-

This month, Extract welcomes medical columnist Dr. Steven Ross of MMDOKC to its pages with his insights on the importance of terpenes in medical cannabis. After speaking with him for our first cover story, I propositioned him to write his first piece of commentary for the layperson. He graciously but cautiously agreed. I am most impressed with the result, and I hope you are too. Legal analyst J. Blake Johnson takes a long look into the significance of branding on the industry side, something he specializes in on a daily basis for his work with Climb Collective.

Matt Patterson and Chad Crow explore two shifting areas of societal interest in the wake of cannabis legalization: sports and gun ownership. Renee Harper of Green Hope Wellness Clinic has helped thousands of Oklahomans get their medical cannabis licenses, so it’s only fitting that she has helped four generations of her own family acquire theirs. Chef Tony Freitas shares his recipe for a quick and easy pesto dip

that is delicious with or without cannabis. If he looks familiar, it is likely because Freitas has provided infused dishes for many cannabis events around the state. He has agreed to return to these pages next month with a dessert recipe perfect for the end of summer.

For the next issue, Extract takes another look at the importance of terpenes while Dr. Ross explores the distinction between an indica and a sativa. Other topics include what upcoming “safety-sensitive” exclusions mean for employed patients and the perils parents who medicate with cannabis might face. Keeping true to our name, expect to see stories about extraction methods and concentrates in upcoming issues. It seems new methods of consuming cannabis are invented each month, and we aim to demystify the processes and the products while also taking lessons ourselves.

Matt Dinger Managing Editor Extract

D J U LY 2 0 1 9

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LEGAL

J. Blake Johnson, Extract legal analyst | Photo Alexa Ace

athletic-gear manufacturer. Those marks are nearly synonymous with that brand’s reputation and goodwill.

So how do you choose a good trademark, and what can you do to protect it?

Basics

BRANDING CANNABIS Extract ’s legal analyst offers guidance on how to protect your most valuable asset — your brand.

By J. Blake Johnson On June 26, Oklahoma celebrated the one-year anniversary of the passage of State Question 788, which legalized medical cannabis. During the first year, thousands of operators obtained licenses and opened their doors for business. If you are a participant in the state’s fastest-growing industry, you should be asking yourself at least two questions: “How do I separate myself from the crowd?” and “How do I ensure my business survives to see the 10-year anniversary?” The answers to these questions might be related.

A productive thought experiment: Imagine your business in 10 years, and identify what you own of value. Your real estate might qualify, but you might rent rather than own. Whatever equipment you have probably has depreciated to a considerable degree.

Your inventory is replaceable and also losing weight as you read this article.

Put another way, imagine someone wants to buy your business. What are the assets that drive its value?

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I suggest an answer: Your brand is your most valuable asset, even if intangible. Your brand is what separates you from others and the reason you attract and retain customers. It comprises your reputation and associated goodwill — it is, or should be, your edge over competitors. If someone wants to buy your cannabis business, the chief interest is likely in your brand equity. Investing in your company’s future value requires investment in your brand today.

One of many important reasons cannabis businesses engage consultants is to develop their brand. One of many important reasons they engage lawyers is to protect it. The latter effort mostly concerns the registration of your intellectual property and enforcement of attendant rights.

The most obvious examples of your intellectual property — and brand equity — are your business name and associated trademarks. For example, the name Nike is a “mark” — as is the brand’s iconic logo — associated with a globally renowned

Trademark law exists for the benefit of consumers, even more so than for trademark owners. The primary objective is to protect the public from deception or confusion regarding the source of goods or services. The right to a trademark belongs to the party who makes first use of that mark on commercial goods or services. Accordingly, trademark infringement occurs when a party’s later use of a mark (or a sufficiently similar variation of it) would likely cause confusion among reasonable persons about the source of the goods or services being marketed.

The lesson to be drawn from these principles is simple but profound.

Often, the terms that come first to your mind are unoriginal. Probably, one or more businesses are already using them. A quick glance at Oklahoma Medical Marijuana Authority’s (OMMA) business directory illustrates this point. One of approximately a dozen words appears in nearly half of licensed-business trade names. The numerous competitors laying claims to those words collectively limit the strength of these trademarks, just as each user, to some extent, also dilutes another’s brand equity.

These observations should compel prospective trademark owners to clear your mark. An experienced attorney or consultant will search relevant databases to identify registration or exploitation of your proposed mark — or a confusingly similar variation of it — by prior users. The cost of this most basic degree of diligence is small compared to protracted litigation commenced by a trademark holder alleging your infringement. If you remember nothing further from this article, remember this: Clear your mark.

Unequal marks Even if no one else is using it yet, your proposed mark might have other vulnerabilities.

It is helpful to imagine all trademarks falling somewhere on a spectrum ranging from weakest to strongest. On the weakest end of the spectrum are descriptive marks. For example, a dispensary called “OKC Cannabis Club” creates challenges for an intellectual property lawyer; the mark merely describes what the business does. It is difficult to argue that your competitor cannot use purely descriptive terms simply because you used them first.

Most consumers are intelligent enough to discern that multiple businesses might share descriptive names.

Next on the spectrum, and slightly stronger, are suggestive marks. A dispensary name such as “Dank Nugs” does not merely describe the goods being offered, but it is strongly suggestive of the character of the store’s inventory.

These marks are stronger — easier to protect — than descriptive marks.

Consumers might reasonably believe that two stores named “Dank Nugs” share a common operator. Even so, suggestive marks are not the strongest imaginable.

Arbitrary marks are stronger. Apple has no inherent connection to mobile devices, but its association is obvious to most consumers due to the branding efforts of a particular trademark holder. Arbitrary marks are quite strong. They generally provide broad protection against use of the same mark on similar goods or services.

Finally, fanciful marks are the strongest. These are marks that had no obvious significance at all but for the trademark holder’s branding efforts.

Xerox was a meaningless term before it was invested with the singular meaning ascribed to it by a printing and copying company. Fanciful marks are the easiest to protect but present other challenges for a startup business; it took significant effort and resources to make Xerox a recognizable brand name.

Each class of trademarks presents its own advantages and benefits. A descriptive or suggestive mark is the most readable and easiest to popularize.

An arbitrary or fanciful mark is comparatively stronger but requires additional initiative to familiarize the public with your brand. Choosing the right trade name for your business is a continued on page 6

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LEGAL matter that requires careful attention and calculation.

Mark registration

Once you have chosen a trademark and put it to use, you should register it. Even though prior use establishes commonlaw trademark rights, there are clear advantages to registration. It creates a legal presumption that you own the mark, and it also provides legal notice to any potential infringers.

Importantly, the ability to register your trademark with the federal government is limited. United States Patent and Trademark Office denies applications for registration of any mark for unlawful goods and services, quixotically including medical cannabis, even if legal under state law. Until this changes, you will not be able to register your mark for cannabis-related goods or services. You might, nonetheless, decide to register your mark for noncannabis goods or services. This is especially strategic if you have a particularly novel trademark or plans for your business to expand to a national market.

Like other states that legalized it, Oklahoma registers trademarks for medical cannabis. You can obtain protection of your mark within Oklahoma by registering it with the secretary of state. For some industry participants with no plans to expand beyond Oklahoma — such expansion is presently complicated by protectionist laws in most legal-cannabis states — this protection might suffice. For anyone operating a canna-business in Oklahoma with a recognizable mark, state registration is probably advisable.

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Once registered, your rights require enforcement. This can be controversial — many in the cannabis industry do not relish picking fights with others — but nevertheless necessary. Those who sleep on their trademark rights do so at their own peril.

Trademark holders cannot selectively enforce their rights, and failure to do so against any infringer might be presented as a defense by a subsequent one. As such, you must police your mark and take action against anyone who in-

C fringes on it. This will not make you the most popular business owner at industry happy hours, but it might protect you against unimaginable harm.

Allowing another entity to mislead the public about the affiliation of their goods or services with your brand places your reputation in the hands of another. No responsible business owner should permit this. The mistake or misjudgment of another company should not influence your reputation, and your customers should have confidence that a product bearing your mark will reliably meet their expectations of quality. Even occasional tolerance of trademark infringement might put your entire brand in jeopardy.

Moreover, a failure to enforce your trademark rights in one instance might limit your ability to do so in another.

Courts are wont to find that acquiescence to infringement by some undermines the exclusivity of your mark when it comes to others. There is, therefore, good reason to enforce your trademark rights against any and all infringers, even when you might not wish to ruffle feathers. Again, neglect of your trademark rights in one case might limit their enforceability in a later, more objectionable scenario.

Your trademark rights are inseparable from your brand equity. If you intend to enhance the value of your brand — a task inseparable from enhancing the value of your company — then you should carefully select your trademarks, register them and enforce your attendant rights against your competitors. No other asset is more valuable or — in this industry perhaps more than others — more vulnerable than your brand.

J. BLAKE JOHNSON J. Blake Johnson is founder of Climb Collective and a partner in Overman Legal Group, representing some of the biggest cannabis brands in Oklahoma.

The preceding is intended to be generally informative but should not be interpreted as specific legal advice. If you operate a cannabis business or otherwise seek legal counsel, you should consult a qualified lawyer with whom you have an attorney-client relationship and who is familiar with your legal needs.

CONSUMERS MILITARY BENEFITS While some veterans have embraced medical cannabis, others still take a hard line on the substance.

By Matt Dinger Independence Day has come and gone in the United States this year. For many Americans, the holiday is a time to gather with friends and family for a dip in the pool and gorge on grilled foods.

But for the large number of Americans who have served in the military — and especially those who have seen combat defending the country — the explosion of fireworks might remind them of bombs bursting overhead, ambushes and losing their friends.

For those soldiers who have tried pharmaceuticals prescribed by their doctors only to develop more health problems than they had prior to their service, cannabis might be a viable solution to control and calm their post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

But a lifetime of federal prohibition and stig ma against the plant contributes to a reticence, if not downright antipathy, Justin for a substance that might finally provide relief and calmness.

For some, like U.S. Navy veteran Justin Jicha, even being around the plant has provided therapeutic benefit.

He served from 2004 to 2011.

“I spent just about seven years in the Navy. Got to see places I never would have seen had I not been in the Navy,” Jicha said. “I did all sorts of things, from search and rescue missions to helping out after Katrina. The ship I was on was

actually being still built when Hurricane Katrina came through, and that was quite damaging to the ship, let alone what happened in New Orleans. And just helping out there was a nightmare and a half, just the things you saw there. After getting out, I had a hard time acclimating back to civilian life. That was the hardest daily struggle, just like, ‘What do I do today?’ It just wasn’t as simple as it was in the military. You know, wake up, do your job, finish up, go home. And I missed the camaraderie, the people. I joined right out of high school and never knew anything besides the military as an adult for the next seven years and then getting out, I just couldn’t function as a civilian would in some situations.

Some things that would normally j u s t bounce o f f, I would get really frustrated and angry over.

“O ne d ay, Jicha after Alaska legalized recreational, my brother comes over and he goes, ‘You have a lot of land here. You mind growing a few plants for me?’ And I’m so against it. From a military standpoint, I was really dead-set against it.

Didn’t do any of the drugs. Didn’t take any of my pain pills or anything like that. Just was super against any of those drugs altogether — pharmaceutical or recreational drugs. My brother kind of talked me into it. Five, six months

I had a bad PTSD flashback and it turned bad on my brother, and the conclusion was I was going to smoke a bowl and calm down or he wasn’t going to talk to me ever again.

TaMike McCloud | Photo Alexa Ace

later, I just started dabbling in it.

Nothing grew very well my first three grows. My first attempt, I used MiracleGro. Yeah. Big mistake, I learned.

“When I actually started growing for my brother, helping him out, I actually was able to find inner peace and actually be calm around people, happy. My stresses go away just being around the growing plant, not even consuming it. And that was probably the best medicine for me, just learning how to be patient again, not expecting to snap to. I had been trained through the military. I would have better connection with the plants than I did with people for a while and actually was really calming for me to be able to separate from everything I’ve been through and just experience calmness. They talked to me in a different way. They told me if they needed water; they’d sag down and look droopy. They’d tell me if I watered them too much. That’d have similar effects, and so that was kind of miscommunication at times, which I had to learn, and learning the communication with the plant was really a big step in learning how to actually communicate with other people again, slow my thought processes down to actually explain what I was trying to say to them, instead of going from A to Z without even covering A, B, C, D, E, F.” It was his first exposure to horti-

culture, and even though he was growing some of the best cannabis around, he was not consuming the plant until an incident forced him to make a choice between his past and his future.

“I had a bad PTSD flashback and it turned bad on my brother, and the conclusion was I was going to smoke a bowl and calm down or he wasn’t going to talk to me ever again,” he said. “I felt I had really damaged the relationship, and so what harm was there in mending it if that’s all it took was to take a couple hits off of this joint? And I actually calmed down. And after that was touch and go, like, ‘Do I really want to cross this line, or is that just a one-time deal?’

I struggled with that for a while, and I was still growing the plants, and my brother finally goes, ‘You just need to smoke it. You grow really good stuff.’

And I’m like, ‘I don’t even know what really good stuff tastes like. How can I grow really good stuff?’”

Jicha does not like to go into specifics about combat, including where or when he was stationed and fought or when, but he did say that he suffered a traumatic brain injury during the course of his service. His PTSD and injuries landed him on 76 pills a day before he continued on page 8 J U LY 2 0 1 9

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CONSUMERS finally gave up on them. He went without anything for some time before he started medicating with cannabis.

“The [U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs] had me on quite a few pills starting off … and they just kept on adding a lot. And I was taking them because I felt like they were helping,” he said. “But then more and more problems were coming up. Started to get vertigo issues where I was losing my balance. I couldn’t stand up. It started interfering with my speech. I couldn’t even talk to people normally, just the compounding; it felt like I was walking through a fog all the time.

And they just kept giving me more and more pills like, ‘Here. This will help take care of that. This will do that. Let’s take you off this one. Let’s add this one.’ Finally, I just couldn’t keep track of my pills enough. I’m like, ‘I’m done with it. I want to go to cannabis.’ You know, this is silly to be taking all these pills for anxiety and then take a pill to counteract the effects of the side effects of the anxiety pill that causes seizures, and then it just went around and around.”

After about three years of growing and his brothers bragging that Jicha cultivated the best cannabis around, a commercial grower came to him about coming to work for him.

“That’s when I actually got my first hands-on ex-

perience in a commercial setting,” he said. “And it was really exciting to just see the differences between what I’ve done in my home setting because I experimenting every which way I could find out from hydroponics to soil to super soil to hybrid systems, just experimenting, what worked for me. To have somebody on their own system that they’re doing their regimen and it’s pumping out X amount of weight per week, and it was like, ‘Wow! This totally puts a whole new meaning to growing for me.’ And I got along great with him. And after a few years, he asked me if I would be interested in getting a horticulture degree and actually having a grower salary. I’m like, ‘Oh, yeah. That sounds great.’ So I came back to Oklahoma to get my horticulture degree, and luckily for me was here, it happened to be legalized. So I’ve gotten my patient card and I’ve grown a few rounds, and it’s just something I’m very passionate about doing. I love teaching people how to grow. It’s saved my life. Undoubtedly. I was a pretty miserable guy without it in my life.”

Jicha works now for Organics OKC Garden Supply, helping people start their own medical cannabis grows. He still suffers badly from PTSD years later, and July 4 is

always a rough time for him. He smokes a large amount of cannabis each week, and that intake only increases during the holiday, when PTSD episodes are likely to be triggered.

“Gunshots would set them off.

Fireworks would set them off. Even a simple car engine, the backfiring sound you hear when that goes off, that would often set it off, trying to go back into that military mindset,” Jicha said. “‘Do I react or do I halt action? What’s going on?’ At first, it took a while to reassess my situation that I’m in friendly territory, not in the war zone. ‘Don’t have to go to combat stations. Don’t have to go get geared up. No guns needed. It’s all right.’

But there have been also episodes where there was just complete, almost mental breakdown where Fourth of July is a holiday I hide away on. It was also the day I got married on. But the Fourth, fireworks set me off, and so I know on that day, I’m going to be very stoned and someplace the farthest away from sound in the house. All such precautions I take nowadays.”

Prime candidates TaMike McCloud comes from a military family. He also did not start consuming cannabis until after he left the service, but debate over the plant is divided even among his own kin.

“My background with the military starts with my father. He did 20 years in the Army, and then I was in the Air Force for 13. My older brother, he just got out. I think he did like 20, 21, and he was in the Army. My younger brother was in the Navy for, I think, four years,” McCloud said. “One of the big things about how [State Question] 788 has helped veterans, for me, is kind of hypocrisy because my dad, he was up in Kansas. He had cancer, went to the VA hospital, all this other stuff, for the VA to be able to prescribe him a marijuana pill. But for the VA to be able to prescribe someone marijuana pills but then, at the same time, not allow them to use marijuana is, to me, a little hypocrisy, and for the federal government to say it’s illegal but then a federal government entity still prescribes these things is bewildering.”

Justin Jicha | Photo Alexa Ace

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Dronabinol is a synthetic form of THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis, and has been approved for prescription by the Food & Drug Administration. However, the real plant is still considered a Schedule 1 controlled substance and cannot be legally provided or recommended by the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs.

“With me and my dad, I’ve seen where cannabis actually did benefit him. He would eat, he would get up, he would do so many things when he was going through chemo. My older brother, on the other hand, we’re completely opposite, you know, where he’s looking at medicinal marijuana to where the government says it’s bad, so it’s bad. ‘I’m in the military. I can’t do this. Blah, blah, blah.’ With him, he is one of the prime candidates, in my opinion, that would need medicinal marijuana. When I went across the pond, I was AWACS, so whenever our jet went over there, we would never be in theater. We would be outside of theater. Our plane would fly into theater and come back. So we were never really within harm’s danger.

The only harm’s danger that I knew of is that Marines would go up in the mountains every day to shoot people that were trying to shoot at us. That’s the only harm I knew, and that never happened,” McCloud said. “But my brother, on the other hand, he lost people in gunfire, he lost people with IEDs and all that other stuff, so he is one of those true PTSD soldiers. He even talks about he doesn’t celebrate Fourth of July because of the fireworks. It’s like Fourth of July is not a celebration for him anymore. But yet, he is one to where, ‘Well, no, I will not do marijuana.’ And I’m like, ‘Yo, Tim; Dad, he tried to explain to you this is something that would actually benefit you,’ but due to all the knowledge out there, I believe that there are so many veterans that are missing out on a very simple thing that could help improve their lives so much. 788 helps veterans, but there’s still a lot of veterans out there that are like, ‘No.’”

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While many states are making cannabis consumption legal, not all sports teams allow their players to partake.

By Matt Patterson and Illustration by Ingvard Ashby A high school athlete in Oklahoma can use medical cannabis in most cases, but their Oklahoma City Thunder counterparts face suspensions and fines if they partake.

That is a snapshot of the sometimesbyzantine response in the sports world to legalization of medical cannabis in 33 states and recreational legalization in a handful of others.

Some leagues don’t test players for cannabis at all, while others make it a priority. Here is a look at how medical marijuana impacts athletes in Oklahoma, from high school quarterbacks to National Basketball Association (NBA) point guards.

High school athletes make up the largest group of athletes in Oklahoma with nearly 100,000 students taking part in at least one sport last year, ac-

cording to a survey from National Federation of State High School Athletic Associations (NFHS).

Oklahoma Secondary Schools Activities Association (OSSAA) is the governing body of the state’s high school sports world, but it does not conduct drug testing. Executive director David Jackson said the organization has left what to do with athletes who have a medical cannabis license to its member schools.

“We don’t have anything in our policies or rules against medical marijuana,” Jackson said. “It’s all handled at the local level.”

How that works can vary, but most Oklahoma City area schools do not prohibit athletes with medical maricontinued on page 11

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juana licenses from participating in sports.

Oklahoma City Public Schools does not test students at all, manager of media relations Arely Martin said.

Edmond Public Schools has not yet implemented a policy on the use of medical marijuana.

“We have been waiting for the completion of this legislative session to see if additional regulations passed which could affect the implementation of the law as it relates to schools,” Edmond Public Schools public information officer Susan Parks-Schlepp said.

In Edmond, students cannot use medical cannabis on campus, but those with a medical cannabis license are not penalized even with a positive test, Parks-Schlepp said.

Yukon Public Schools recently created a policy allowing students with medical licenses to use cannabis on campus, but it cannot be in a smokeable form and must be consumed in a dedicated space.

The same policy applies to athletics.

Students are subject to mandatory drug testing to take part in some school activities but aren’t penalized for positive cannabis tests.

“We would treat it like any other type of medication that a student takes other than our nurses aren’t able to administer that,” Yukon Public Schools assistant superintendent Sheli McAdoo said.

That policy mirrors that of Mid-Del School District.

“If a medical card is issued from a physician, we would treat it as a prescription,” director of community relations Stacey Boyer said. “We haven’t experi-

enced anything along those lines.”

Jackson, who served as interim president of NFHS last year, said most states that are legalizing medical cannabis have followed a similar path when it intersects with sports.

“They don’t want to develop anything for the sake of interfering with local district decisions,” Jackson said.

“We don’t want to undermine that or create rules that supersede theirs.”

Athletes at Universit y of Ok la homa, Ok la homa State University and University of Tulsa are subject to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) drug testing.

Each institution also maintains its own testing programs. Cannabis is banned, and athletes who test positive through in-house testing or NCAA’s program are subject to suspension.

That prohibition includes medical cannabis, though there are signals that the organization is softening its stance.

NCAA cut its penalty for positive cannabis tests from one year to six months in 2014. At many institutions, a threestrike rule applies, though Rutgers University allows its football players up to five positive tests before they face being kicked off the team.

The pros Some professional teams, whether minor or major league, prohibit players from cannabis use.

Oklahoma City Dodgers players are subject to random tests up to four times each year under Minor League Baseball’s drug-screening policy. Cannabis is classified as a “drug of abuse.” Last year, 21 minor leaguers were suspended after

testing positive for a drug in this category, but specific results for each are not made public. If a Dodger makes it to the big-league club, they can use as much cannabis as they can handle. While drugs like cocaine, amphetamines and opiates are on the banned list, Major League Baseball (MLB) does not test players for cannabis.

Oklahoma City Energy Football Club (OKC Energy FC) players are not subject to drug testing of any kind because United Soccer League (USL) Championship does not require its participants to be screened.

“The Championship does not currently have a league-wide drug testing policy and defers to the individual clubs and their policies in that regard,” league communications director Scott Stewart said.

OKC Energy FC communications and public relations manager Tyler Vaughn said Energy FC does not test players for cannabis.

Oklahoma City Thunder players cannot use medical cannabis under the NBA’s drug testing policy that, like Minor League Baseball, classifies it as a drug of abuse. Players who test positive for cannabis enter the league’s marijuana program. A second positive test later on results in a $25,000 fine, and a third positive test a five-game suspension.

Players who test positive again receive a suspension double that of their previous suspension, according to the policy.

But that might be changing. The NBA players union, one of the most powerful in sports, is pushing the league to allow its members to use medical cannabis.

“My own view is that there are sub-

stantial signs that support its efficacy and the value that it has for us, especially in pain management,” National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) executive director Michele Roberts said in an interview with SB Nation last year.

Like Major League Baseball, National Hockey League (NHL) does not test its players for cannabis, though it does test for performance-enhancing drugs. That means NHL players are free to use it medicinally or otherwise. Canada is home to seven NHL teams and legalized marijuana for recreational use in 2018.

National Football League (NFL) takes the most aggressive stance on cannabis. Every NFL player under contract is tested for recreational drugs, including cannabis, between April and late August each year. If players test positive during that period, they enter stage one of the league’s substance abuse intervention program and might be subject to random testing at any point in the season. A second positive test while in the first stage of the program results in advancement to stage two, with more frequent testing, and multigame fines. If players have four or more tests during a league year, they can be subject to suspension. The league doesn’t make any exceptions for teams that play in states where medical or recreational cannabis is legal, but that could change with the next collective bargaining agreement between the players’ union and league.

Two years ago, the league and players’ union partnered for a study on the use of cannabis for pain management.

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CONSUMERS BEYOND BOUQUET Terpenes are responsible for more than just cannabis’ distinctive scent.

By Dr. Steven Ross, MD Terpenes are biologically active molecules that have a chemical structure that gives them aroma, often quite intense.

They are in many everyday items such as foods and air fresheners, and they are present in cannabis, among other things. These compounds are the reason for the aroma and taste of cannabis.

Cannabinoids such as CBD or THC do not have a strong taste or smell.

The medical cannabis user could say, “Interesting trivia, but is it otherwise important that I know about terpenes?” My answer is yes, and in the future, I believe it will be a resounding “Yes!” Unfortunately, the science of exactly how important terpenes are to the medical effects of cannabis is still in progress.

Like many things in science and medicine, the more we learn, the more we discover how much more there is to learn, but as this work continues, the future could result in patients being able to precisely tailor their therapy.

Imagine a time when you are not simply using an indica or sativa but are instead homing in on specific cannabis profiles that cover all your individual needs.

We are not at that point yet, but in some ways, we are getting close. The primary active molecules in cannabis are the cannabinoids CBD and THC, and the amount of CBD and THC affects the therapy. There are other cannabinoids with additional effects, and then there are terpenes. These terpenes can have their own effect and can also enhance the effects of THC, CBD or other cannabinoids. The analysis of exactly what active molecules are present in a type of cannabis is called a chemovar.

Dr. Steven Ross | Photo Alexa Ace

Many have seen terpene charts or lists that show their effects, but where does this information come from? At this point, most of those listed effects are extrapolations of animal data or they are probable effects based on likely physiological mechanisms.

There have been few clinical studies in humans that show exactly how effective terpenes are. There are many difficulties with extrapolations such as this. What occurs in lab animals does not always work in the somewhat different physiology of the human body. The dosing given in the lab can be drastically different from what is available in natural cannabis. Also, there are huge variations in terpenes available between strains.

Finally, there is even significant variation in terpenes available in different samples of the same strain.

At this point, you are probably thinking, “Doc, you have done a great job

showing that this is not well understood and is complicated. You have done a very poor job of showing why it is important that I care.” For one, while there is limited evidence, that does not mean no evidence. A clue from the world of prescription pharmacy that terpenes do play a role for humans is the lack of popularity of Marinol, a pharmaceutical that is pure THC. On the other hand, Sativex, now marketed as a 1:1 THC:CBD nasal spray, also has 6 to 7 percent terpenes. Sativex has become a much more accepted therapy in the nations where it is prescribed. There are companies such as Ebbu that are working to create specific terpene profiles. They are testing them in controlled, doubleblinded studies. They are studying the exact concentrations to give specific effects. Looking less far in the future, a reason you should care is that with the recent passage of the “unity bill,” soon you will have the cannabinoid and terpene profile of each product sold readily available to you in Oklahoma dispensaries. You will be able to choose products not just based on a clever strain name and suggestions from friends or the internet. You will be able to pick and choose targeted relief. Instead of asking for an indica or sativa and wondering why sometimes they are more helpful than others, you will be able to look at the specific profile and pick products that have the therapeutic molecules in the concentrations that you find most effective.

Let’s look at some examples for you. There are terpenes known to have memory en-

hancing effects. For example, alpha-pinene is a terpene often present in strains such as Blue Dream or Jack Herer. This terpene is the most prominent of several that have been found to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This can boost acetylcholine levels in the brain that can aid in memory and recall. Also, alphapinene can help prevent the memory impairment that can occur with THC. Depending on the needs of the cannabis user, this could be helpful or maybe it might need to be avoided. For example, let’s say you were dealing with anxiety while writing a manuscript. Pinene might help keep your memories sharp while obtaining anxiety relief from cannabis. But if you have PTSD, memory enhancement might be a component of therapy that you want to avoid.

A second example would be those cannabis users who are particularly sensitive to THC. Some can have psychotomimetic (psychosis-like) effects from even low to normal doses of cannabis. It is known that CBD helps to counter these effects along with the more common anxiety and paranoia that THC can cause. Yet several terpenes such as myracene, limonene, and alpha-phytol can act at the GABAA receptor. This is another mechanism to calm this effect. This could be particularly beneficial to patients weaning off benzodiazepines such as Xanax or those trying to use less alcohol.

There are many other ways that terpenes might assist the medical cannabis user. As with all medications, there are differences in the effects that each individual feels. So it is a great idea to keep track of what chemovars you find beneficial. You can then look for similar terpenes and cannabinoids in other products.

DR. STEVEN ROSS, MD Dr. Steven Ross is a physician who has practiced and taught medicine in several countries worldwide and is now a practicing cannabis clinician and founder of MMDOKC in Oklahoma City. He has a passion for assisting patients with cannabis recommendations and guidance for medical use.

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GUNS, SMOKE Federal prohibition of cannabis affects patients hoping to obtain firearms.

By Chad Crow and Illustration by Ingvard Ashby

Are you an unlawful user of, or addicted to, marijuana or any depressant, stimulant, narcotic drug, or any other controlled substance?

Check yes. Check no.

Warning: The use or possession of marijuana remains unlawful under Federal law regardless of whether it has been decriminalized for medicinal or recreational purposes in the state where you reside.

The choice is simple. Answer “yes” to question 11.e on the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) Form 4473 and you might as well head on out to the car; you are not legally buying a gun today.

But let us just suppose that after an intense internal debate, you hold your breath and check that “no” box to the infamous question. After passing that background check, you pay the clerk and leave the store, sweatily clutching your new piece.

Congratulations. In addition to practicing your Second Amendment

rights, you have now perjured yourself and could potentially face federal felony charges by answering a question designed specifically to ensnare medical cannabis cardholders.

Of the more than 33 states where medical cannabis has been legalized, most have grappled with the issue of guns and ganja in one of two ways. States like Oklahoma are directly challenging ATF’s authority, drafting legislation to shield its citizens’ rights to both under the canopy of states’ rights while other states, like Hawaii, are falling in line and taking the ATF prohibition literally, going so far as to send letters to at least 30 medical card holders demanding they surrender their firearms to Honolulu police.

Regardless of how a state deals with it, this raging debate has caused several high-profile pundits to weigh in, espousing viewpoints some folks might find downright surprising.

“This classification has caused real problems for gun owners in states that have legalized its use for medical marijuana prescriptions,” wrote conservative columnist and former president of

National Rifle Association David A. Keene in a Washington Post editorial last year. “The refusal of the federal government to accede to the judgment of the states on the issue has created problems for tens or even hundreds of thousands of gun owners who are being forced to either trade their Second Amendment rights for a chance to live pain-free or risk prosecution and imprisonment.”

While the move toward state legalization has brought this issue to the forefront in the past two decades, the relationship between cannabis and firearms has been historically tenuous, but things went sideways when President Lyndon Johnson signed the Gun Control Act of 1968. The shooting deaths of the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. along with John and Robert Kennedy and a melting pot of escalating crime, civil unrest and urban rioting created a fearful climate allowing for the relatively easy passage of this new gun control legislation in the turbulence of the 1960s. The act greatly strengthened federal oversight on firearms, imposing stricter licensing and regulation on the industry, establishing new categories of offenses and placing restrictions on the sale of firearms to felons and other prohibited persons, including “unlawful users of … any controlled substance.”

Sound familiar? The act was the basis for the verbiage utilized in a 2011 open letter

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from ATF to all federal firearms licensees penned as the bureau’s official response to the tidal wave of states passing medical cannabis. This strongly worded letter accompanied the rollout of the changes to Form 4473, including introduction of question 11.e.

“Any person who uses or is addicted to marijuana,” the letter stated, “regardless of whether his or her State has passed legislation authorizing marijuana use for medicinal purposes, is an unlawful user of or addicted to a controlled substance and is prohibited by Federal law from possessing firearms or ammunition.”

The memo further advised the seller that even if someone answers “no” to the medicinal cardholder question, they were authorized to not sell them a weapon if they felt they had “reasonable cause to believe” they are an “unlawful user.”

The strong language of the letter puts local sellers in a tough position, not giving them much choice but to stick to their guns.

“According to the federal form question 11, if you use marijuana, even if you have a card, it’s still illegal for us to sell you a weapon,” said Connor Ernst of H&H Shooting Sports. “Even if we suspect you use, we can’t sell you a weapon.”

While this memo and the changes to the form might have barely resonated with Oklahomans when it was drafted in 2011, passage of State Question 788 caused many folks to take umbrage.

Within days, Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation (OSBI) issued an official press release staking out its position.

“The proposed language of State Question 788 appears to be in direct conflict with federal law regarding the possession and purchase of handguns, and thereby in conflict with Oklahoma Self-Defense Act licensing laws, rules, etc.,” the release said.

Later that summer, OSBI special agent Steve Tanner reiterated this argument in an article published in The Claremore Daily Progress.

“We’re required to enforce the state law and we’re required to enforce the

federal law,” Tanner said. “We don’t have any choice but to enforce the existing rules.”

Seeking to clarify this position and offer some protection to Oklahomans who choose to carry both a medical card and a firearm, the state Legislature took up the cause, rolling out House Bill 2612, or the “unity bill,” earlier this year. In addition to helping codify terminology and standardize practices for the medical cannabis industry, the bill directly addresses the firearms issue: “A medical marijuana patient or caregiver licensee shall not be denied the right to own, purchase or possess a firearm, ammunition, or firearm accessories based solely on his or her status as a medical marijuana patient or caregiver licensee. No state or local agency, municipal or county governing authority shall restrict, revoke, suspend or otherwise infringe upon the right of a person to own, purchase or possess a firearm, ammunition, or firearm accessories or any related firearms license or certification based solely on their

status as a medical marijuana patient or caregiver licensee.”

Gov. Kevin Stitt signed this bill into law March 14.

Admittedly, this bill offers some relief to Oklahoma’s medical cardholders, but there is still federal prohibition with which to contend. Rep. Alex Mooney, R-West Virginia, took aim at this issue April 3 with House Resolution 2071, aka the “Second Amendment Protection Act.” Currently in committee, Mooney’s bill would “amend title 18, United States Code, with respect to the sale, purchase, shipment, receipt, or possession of a firearm or ammunition by a user of medical marijuana.”

If successful, HR2071 would provide an exemption for medical cannabis users, stating that the “individual shall not be treated as an unlawful user of or addicted to any controlled substance based on the individual using marihuana for a medical purpose in accordance with State law.”

While this offers a ray of hope for the future, question 11.e still hovers.

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CONSUMERS CANNABIS FAMILY Seven members of Renee Harper’s immediate family now have their medical cannabis licenses, and each are finding ways that the plant is helping them.

By Nikita Lewchuk Green Hope Wellness Clinic in Moore was created with the idea of serving a broad community of people. Renee Harper, who started the clinic, is now not only seeing results within her community, but in her family as well.

After researching and witnessing the benefits of cannabis treatment, both with and without THC — the compound that produces a “high” aftereffect — she began encouraging her family to get medical cards.

Now, seven members of her immediate family have their cards, including her mother, sibling, son and two grandsons. Though she was familiar with the benefits of the plant, she did not expect her family to take to it as readily as they did.

“The bigger surprise to me was that they were all as open to it as they were when [State Question] 788 came around. My mom was on CBD and had real good results with it. I kept on educating her and her friends, and then she got to where she was talking about it, [went] back to my mother, and now she’s going to come get her medical marijuana card. It kind of blew me away,” Renee Harper said.

“I was pretty mind-blown, to be honest with you,” son Byron Harper said. “We were just always taught by everyone in the world that if you smoked weed, you were just a pothead or a stoner. It just seemed really weird, not just her having a business, but that it could ever be a business, especially here in Oklahoma.”

Much of the work Renee Harper does in the clinic is centered on getting patients off opioids and other addictive medications. One of the appeals of medical cannabis, according to her, is that it can treat

so many different ailments.

The use of medical cannabis in her family treats issues ranging from insomnia and anxiety to chronic pain management. Some, like Renee Harper’s mother, use only CBD while others require “whole plant therapy” which includes THC. Byron Harper has found relief for multiple issues with the help of medical cannabis.

“I used to work on the equipment model line, so my body’s pretty beat up and sore. It takes the edge off; it relaxes my body, feels a lot better. …

I’m good on part of an edible for the day. That’s all I need just to brush that edge off and make my body not hurt so bad,” he said.

Byron Harper joined Green Hope Wellness Clinic and has been working with his mother for the last five months to help his community.

“I was at Crest the other day in the parking lot, and a lady came up to me.

We did the processing for her daughter, and I said, ‘How’d that go?’ and she said, ‘I got a hug for the first time in five years.

She was physically able to hug me.’ That’s the highlight of it all; that’s what makes it worth getting up and coming in.”

Byron Harper is also working through the death of his young son, Blake, who was fatally shot in May. “I’ve been through some pretty traumatic things in the past three or four months. It makes it a lot easier to deal with. The people [at Green Hope] actually make it easier as far as the mental status of it. It’s really helpful with anxiety and depression,” said Byron Harper.

Brayden, Byron Harper’s eldest son, has used cannabis to treat his insom-

The Harper family — from left Sylvia Harper, Renee Harper, Byron Harper and Brayden Harper (holding Blakley Harper) — is using cannabis to treat various ailments over several generations. | Photo Alexa Ace

nia and regulate his sleeping patterns.

“I’ve always been drawn to it, even before. I started using when I was a little bit younger just to help me sleep.

I play sports, and my body wasn’t taking well to my workout. I was having all kinds of issues, and that was all pretty much due to not being able to sleep right. My body always felt like it was going, going, going, and it never had time to relax and recharge,” said Brayden Harper.

Brayden Harper’s younger brother Blake had his card for only a few days before he died. Even so, those around him say the change was already noticeable.

“My youngest grandson had horrible social anxiety and was bullied and all that. He had some things happen that were kind of traumatic.

He needed some THC to help him sleep at night. I gave him CBD and CBD flower. That helped him, and then we got his card. He had it maybe a week,” said Renee Harper.

Blake was able to return to school and discontinue his treatment with Zoloft, used to regulate serotonin in cases of depression, bipolar disorder and frequent panic attacks.

“His mother is a nurse, and the fact that she was as open to it as she was for him was kind of surprising to me. It took awhile, but now she’ll get her card probably after all this has happened,” said Renee Harper.

The Harper family hopes to start a charity in Blake’s name dedicated to helping other families with children get access to medical cannabis.

Brayden, who will be the face of the charity, said it is critical to remove barriers such as income for those who are looking to treat conditions with cannabis. Oklahoma state law requires two doctors’ signatures in order to treat patients under the age of 18.

“What we really want to do with this charity is to help with child requisition forms. There are kids and parents that can’t afford it because it is expensive with two doctor’s visits and double the further processing fees.

I know some parents that are unable to get in because of the money situation, and I really want to be able to help a kid like that out because when we got my brother’s card, we noticed a big difference in him with his depression and with his outlook on life. It was awesome to see how much he had grown just from using cannabis,” Brayden said.

“It’s probably brought us a lot closer together; in fact, I know it has,” said Renee Harper. “We can all just be out in the open.”

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DISPENSARY LISTINGS 23rd Street Dispensary

Buddies Cannabis Co

2120 NW 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-208-8207

1224 Alameda St. Norman, OK 73071 405-310-2463

46 Releaf

Buddy Green’s Cannabis Co

710 N. Broadway Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73102 405-225-1182

66 Treehouse 900 Manvel Ave. Chandler, OK 74834 405-848-5550

AgriMEDS Alternatives 1515 N. Meridian Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 917-226-8866

Alchemy Gold Healing 801 NW Fifth St. Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-476-8577

8805 S. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-900-5668

BudEaze 480 24th Ave. NW, Suite 12 Norman, OK 73069 405-857-7187

Buds Unlimited LLC

1015 NW First St. Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-992-0558

Best Buds Dispensary 10413 N. May Ave. The Village, OK 73120 405-252-7499

Best Leaf Dispensary 5323 W. Reno Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-600-6653

Big Daddy’s Marijuana 6810 NW 23rd St. Bethany, OK 73008 405-837-8873

Blue Grass Dispensary 5500 Northwest Expressway Oklahoma City, OK 73132 405-470-0481

11212 N. May Ave., Suite 204 Oklahoma City, OK 73120 405-276-8074

Earthly Mist

420 N. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 833-4-CBD-PLUS

16 E. Fourth St. Edmond, OK 73034 918-794-9017

Chill Dispensary

6909 W. Hefner Road, Suite B-02 Oklahoma City, OK 73162 918-794-9017

9104 S. Walker Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-900-6029

APCO Med

BCC Collective

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Budz CBD Dispensary

777 S. Jenkins Ave. Norman, OK 73069 405-857-7419

4629 SE 29th St. Del City, OK 73115 405-589-2802

2215 NW 39th St., Suite 200 Oklahoma City, OK 73112 405-757-7291

12248 NE 23rd St. Choctaw, OK 73020 405-259-8031

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3537 N. Shields Blvd., Suite Bay 3 Moore, OK 73160 918-794-9017

140 S. Midwest Blvd., Suite D Midwest City, OK 7310 405-739-0859

130 Sunset Drive El Reno, OK 73036 405-719-0313

11900 S. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73170 405-676-8344

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Division Street Dispensary

1009 SE 15th St., Unit 7 Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-698-8206

American Shaman

313 NW 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73103 405-237-2726

2911 SW 68th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73159 405-594-1260

Canna South 1221 SW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-429-7570

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22 NE 10th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73104 918-306-2850

Chronic Releaf 1337 E. State Highway 152 Mustang, OK 73064 405-745-2155

Chronic Solutions 3 1808 W. Lindsey St., Suite 200 Norman, OK 73069 405-310-3649

Cloud City

3926 SW 29th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73119 405-593-4291

331 NW Fourth St. Oklahoma City, OK 73102 405-493-9002

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Cloud 9 Wellness

8121 S. Western Ave., Suite J Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-882-0898

Cannabis Care of Oklahoma 1501 S. Sunnylane Road, Suite B Del City, OK 73115 405-609-6100

Cannabis Island Dispensary 4723 SE 29th St. Del City, OK 73115 405-900-6588

Cannabless 325 E. Comanche St. Norman, OK 73069 405-857-2644 916 SW 44th St., Suite C Oklahoma City, OK 73109 1701 N. Rockwell Ave. Bethany, OK 73008 405-506-0126

5770 Northwest Expressway, Suite 206 Warr Acres, OK 73132 405-722-2539

Council Road Dispensary 2421 N. Council Road Bethany, OK 73008 405-470-0219

Craft Cannabis Company 151 E. 33rd St., Suite 102 Edmond, OK 73013 405-697-3939

Crossroads Cannabis 8100 S. I-35 Service Road Oklahoma City, OK 73149 450-308-6306

Eletraleaf 25 N. Oklahoma Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73104 405-673-7209

Elevated Remedies 2837 SW 44th St., Suite A OKlahoma City, OK 73119 405-604-5494

Elysium Industries 8920 S. Sooner Road Oklahoma City, OK 73135 405-455-5043

Emerald Alley 1141 NW First St. Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-208-8232

Emerald Elite 4623 SE 29th St. Del City, OK 73115 405-673-7585

Fire Leaf Dispensary 751 S. Canadian Trails Drive, Suite 120 Norman, OK 73072 405-310-2433 7876 S. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-600-6527 8017 W. Reno Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-470-0546

Cvltivation Clvb 918 NW Fifth St. Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-235-2582

CONTINUED

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DISPENSARY LISTINGS Fire Leaf Dispensary cont.

Green Buffalo

GreenDoctor 420

High Society

2501 SW 15th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73108 405-232-7877

784 Asp Ave. Norman, OK 73069 405-637-7272

12000 S. Western Ave., Suite C Oklahoma City, OK 73170 405-735-7739

5900 NW 50th St., Suite B Warr Acres, OK 73122 405-730-2441

9606 N. May Ave. The Village, OK 73120 405-286-4900

Green Cupboard

Greenleaf Organics

Highgarden Dispensary

3108 N. Classen Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73118 405-225-1340

6026 S. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-881-6420

816 W. Britton Road Oklahoma City, OK 73114 405-286-0634

Green Gris Gris

Greenlove Compassionate Care

Highland Healing

2810 SW 104th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73159 405-676-8479

Forward Solutions 420 1106 N. Kickapoo Ave. Shawnee, OK 74801 405-432-5028

Fred’s Farmacopia 1701 S. Air Depot Blvd.

Midwest City, OK 73110 405-455-5006

Friendly Market 2222 W. Hefner Road, Suite D Oklahoma City, OK 73120 405-608-8871 301 S. Porter Ave., Suite 130 Norman, OK 73071 405-701-7017

Gaia’s Favor 2507 NW 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-640-6886

Ganjzilla 9101 N. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73114 405-479-9781

Gayle’s Medical Marijuana 7905 N. Council Road Oklahoma City, OK 73132 405-201-6178

Get Bak’d OKC 518 S. Coltrane Road Edmond, OK 73034 405-438-2253

Grand Wellness Center 1604 SE Grand Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73129 405-510-3626

Grateful Med 1134 N. MacArthur Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-602-1800

Great Barrier Reefer 3820 N. Rockwell Ave., Suite C Bethany, OK 73008 405-506-0309

Green Bud Wellnes 1028 SW 59th St., Suite C Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-470-9349 22

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410 E. Main St. Shawnee, OK 74801 405-788-4961

Green Health Clinic and Dispensary 2128 NW 164th St. Edmond, OK 73013 405-216-5488

Green Hope Rx 2301 I-35 Service Road Moore, OK 73160 405-676-5826

Green House Dispensary 300 NW 63rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73116 405-608-4372

Green Leaf Supply Co. 4417 NW 39th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73112 405-600-9300

Green Meds 1507 N. Rockwell Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-470-2388

Green Mesa Dispensary 13316 S. Western Ave., Sutie M Oklahoma City, OK 73170 405-323-0194

Green Peace Inc 9110 N. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73114 405-463-3320

Green Plus 8613 S. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-600-6218 1120 South Air Depot Blvd., Suite 10 Midwest City, OK 73110 405-610-1980 1280 N. Eastern Ave., Suite C Moore, OK 7160 405-378-2267

Green Roots Wellness 533 N. Portland Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-546-7257

112 W. Main St. Norman, OK 73069 405-217-2107

Happa Wellness 10908 N. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73114 405-293-3135

Happy Root 420 811 W. Britton Road Oklahoma City, OK 73114 405-973-0429

Hazy Leaf 4507 NW 10th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-900-5526

Heartland Dispensary 4001 Tinker Diagonal Del City, OK 73115 405-822-3739

Herb N Out Dispensary 4301 N. Sara Road Yukon, OK 73099 405-577-6064

Herb-N-Legends Canna Group 2601 N. MacArthur Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73127 580-236-3486

Herbal Aid Wellness Center 4500 N. Lincoln Blvd., Suite 201 Oklahoma City, OK 73105 405-655-2000

Herbal Phoenix 9834 NE 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73141 405-259-9006

Herban Mother 10717 N. May Ave., Suite D Oklahoma City, OK 73120 405-242-2047

Herbaverde Wellness Clinic 3100 W. Britton Road, Suite F Oklahma City, OK 73120 405-413-5494

High Expectations 200 W. Britton Road Oklahoma City, OK 73114 405-607-3330

714 N. Broadway Ave., Suite 201 Oklahoma City, OK 73102 405-546-8686

Honeypot Shop 1035 36th Ave. NW Norman, OK 73072 405-217-2611

Hybrid Cures 1230 NE 23rd St., Suite C Oklahoma City, OK 73111 405-600-9734

Integrated Supply Inc. 551 E. State Highway 152, Suite 2 Mustang, OK 73064 405-256-6464

Ivy League 1913 S. Telephone Road Moore, OK 73160 405-992-0707 123 SE Fourth St., Suite G Moore, OK 73160 405-992-0707

J M Herbals 1409 S. Division St. Guthrie, OK 73044 405-293-9696

KC’s Cannabis Company 4707 N. Meridian Ave. Warr Acres, OK 73112 405-470-0772

Keshia’s Kush 5510 E. Reno Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73117 405-882-7872

Kissing Clouds Holistic Healing 4133 N. Lincoln Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73105 405-227-9919

Leaf & Relief Herbal Wellness Clinic 1317 SE 44th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73129 405-438-0349

Lefty’s 2309 SW 29th St., Suite E Oklahoma City, OK 73119 405-900-6627

Life Organics Wellness

MediCann OK

Nature’s Cure Dispensary

Oklahoma Coughy Company

1915 Classen Blvd.

Norman, OK 73071 405-237-5697

8302 NW 39th St. Bethany, OK 73008 405-470-0642

100 SE 29th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73129 405-600-9992

628 W. Edmond Road Edmond, OK 73003 405-285-2118

2081 36th Ave. NW Norman, OK 73071 405-237-5697

Medicinal Marijuana of Norman New Era Health

Living Leaf 2100 Riverwalk Drive Moore, OK 73160 405-314-0030

Lotus Gold 30+ locations now open 420 N. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 833-4-CBD-PLUS

Loud City Pharmaceuticals 9113 NE 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73141 405-259-9014

Love Budz 2723 N. Classen Blvd., Buliding B Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-600-9351

Lucky Leaf Cannabis Company 8121 S. Western Ave., Suites A & B Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-602-8931

M S Dispensary 421 E. Main St. Shawnee, OK 74801 405-788-4335

Mabs Natural Solutions 2315 E. Lindsey St. Norman, OK 73071 405-310-2469

Magical Forrest Marijuana Dispensary 7101 E. Reno Ave. Midwest City, OK 73130 405-328-8448

Mama Juana Budz 5605 S. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73119 405-693-9990

Marijuana 3008 S. Sunnylane Road Del City, OK 73115 405-241-2992

Mary Jane Dispensary 2990 SE 19th St., Unit 1 Moore, OK 73160 405-735-9777

Med Shop OKC 7911 W. Hefner Road, Suite 2 Oklahoma City, OK 73162 405-728-3644

1430 W. Lindsey St., Suite I Norman, OK 73069 580-916-2535

3813 N. Santa Fe Ave., Suite 112 Oklahoma City, OK 73118 405-437-4543

Midwest Cures

Oklahoma Kind Connection 3535 N. Shields Blvd.

Moore, OK 73160 405-428-8714

No Rhyme or Reason

Painted Nurse Apothecary

2000 W. Danforth Road Edmond, OK 73003 405-437-9102

7910 N. May Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73120 405-226-5891

3017 N. Lee Ave., Suite A Oklahoma City, OK 73103 405-971-4201

Mind & Body Medical Clinic

Oak Leaf Fine Cannabis Co

Patient’s Own Therapies

2216 NW 164th St., Suite A Edmond, OK 73013 405-285-4755

2846 NW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73112 405-849-4437

821 Centennial Blvd.

Edmond, OK 73013 405-757-9387

Miracle Meds Dispensary

Oasis Healing Center

Pot of Gold LLC

701 S. Kelly Ave., Suite D Edmond, OK 73003 405-726-8400

1013 SW 19th St. Moore, OK 73160 405-397-9158

2524 N. Moore Ave. Moore, OK 73160 405-735-5335

Modern Serra

OG Farma

Project Releaf

2910 E. Waterloo Road Edmond, OK 73034 405-216-5810

1801 SE 44th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73129 405-762-8820

1218 N. Pennsylvania Ave., Suite 305 Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-595-2084

Mr Green

OK Roots Dispensary

1131 N. May Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-772-7110

522 S. Beard Ave. Shawnee, OK 74801 425-218-0226

Rabbit Hole Cannabis Dispensary

6813 N. Broadway Ave. Edmond, OK 73034 405-254-5592

5825 N. Harrison Ave. Shawnee, OK 74804 405-432-1017

10840 N. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73120 405-254-5592

Okana

Mr. Mack’s Cannabis Co 7220 S. Western Ave., Suite 109 Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-600-7994

Mr. ReLeaf 2922 SE 89th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73149 405-900-6061

Native Brothers

808 NW Sixth St. Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-262-0002

Okie Cannabis Company 1324 SW 89th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73159 405-691-6543

Okie Kush Club 13801 N. Western Ave., Suite E Edmond, OK 73013 405-252-4193

11330 N. May Ave., Unit C Oklahoma City, OK 73120 405-286-0622

825 SW 19th St. Moore, OK 73160 405-237-3471

Native Remedy

OklaBudZ

5712 Industrial Blvd.

Edmond, OK 73034 405-285-4050

3412 SE 15th St. Del City, OK 73134 405-305-9798

Native Remedy MD of Oklahoma

Oklahoma Central Herb

1405 E. Ayers St. Edmond, OK 73034 405-430-5449

1935 E. Reno Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73117 405-625-0108

2500 NW 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-595-2052

Redbud Medical MJ 1038 W. Interstate 240 Service Road Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-259-4420

Remedy Cannabis Co 944 SW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-900-5603

Revitalize Wellness 7623 NW 23rd St. Bethany, OK 73008 405-445-4096

Rick&Bunni’s Dispensary 5759 S. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73119 405-802-4104

Ringside Medical 14201 N. May Ave., Suite 205 Oklahoma City, OK 73134 405-242-5325

Root 66 Dispensary 16351 W. State Highway 66 El Reno, OK 73036 405-295-6777

CONTINUED

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DISPENSARY LISTINGS Sage Wellness

TERPINZ

The Healthy Leaf Dispensary

Urban Leaf Company

4200 N. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73118 405-601-9560

507 E. California Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73104 1-888-TERPINZ

1121 W. State Highway 152, Suite 101 Mustang, OK 73064 405-256-5128

17990 NE 23rd St. Choctaw, OK 73020 405-347-9100

Secret Garden Dispensary

8041 SE 15th St. Midwest City, OK 73110 1-877-837-7469

The Hot Box Dispensary

Urban Wellness Dispensary

1700 S. Morgan Road, Suite G Oklahoma City, OK 73128 405-897-2147

Semper Fire 12204 W. Reno Ave. Yukon, OK 73099 405-740-0746

Smokey Okies Dispensary 8467 NE 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73141 405-594-3600

Solace Meds 804 W. Interstate 240 Service Road Oklahoma City, OK 73139 580-220-0397

Stars and Stripes Cannabis Dispensary 7213 S. Council Road Oklahoma City, OK 73169 405-897-2153

Stash Cannabis Company 924 NW 150th St. Edmond, Ok 73013 405-286-5667

Steady Eddi Supply Co. 9602 N. Council Road Oklahoma City, OK 73162 405-470-8625

Stellar Herb 11925 NE Interstate 35 Service Road Oklahoma City, OK 73131 450-406-2563

Steve’s Greens 6715 N. May Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73116 405-608-8010

Straiin OKC 4041 NW 39th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73112 405-249-4800

Strainwise 2600 S. Meridian Ave., Suite A Oklahoma City, OK 73108 450-673-4424

Strange Leaf

8501 SW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73179 405-261-2123

The 405 Seakeasy LLC 1204 SW 59th St Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-208-8733

The 710 Factory 710 N. Virginia Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-968-1703

The Cannabis Refinery 180 W. 15th St. Edmond, OK 73013 405-512-3000

The Gas Station Dispensary

3628 NW 50th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73112 405-600-7590

The Leaf Healthy Living 2413 N. Council Road Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-962-8438

The Leaf Life Dispensary 234 N. Mustang Road Mustang, OK 73064 405-203-4013

The Peak Dispensary 1609 N. Blackwelder Ave., Suite 1 Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-738-2633

UWD 33 W. 15th St. Edmond, OK 73034 405-696-5354 1304 Lindsey Plaza Drive Norman, OK 73071 405-310-6100

Vertica Dispensary 1729 W. Main St. Norman, OK 73069 405-928-5100

Vibes on Classen 1223 N. Classen Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73106 405-760-4030

Well Body Long Life Clinic

15 E. Fourth St. Edmond, OK 73034 405-546-8598

6501 S. Western Ave., Suite 102 Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-632-0111

The Gateway CBD & Dispensary

903 N. Main St. Noble, OK 73068 405-887-0404

West Y Herbal Dispensary

4 E. Ayers St., Suite 100 Edmond, OK 73034 405-922-8856

The Greatful Bud Dispensary 115 S. Crawford Ave. Norman, OK 73069 405-898-9578

The Green Cupboard 3108 N. Classen Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73118 405-225-1340

The Green Lily 355 E. Main St. Yukon, OK 73099 405-354-4040

The Greens Bakery 6444 S. Western Ave., Suite 202 Oklahoma City, OK 73139 405-208-8229

The Greens of Central Oklahoma 3401 NW 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-948-9150

Superb Herb Company

The Healing Joint

APRIL 2019 J U LY 2 0 1 9

The Joint Cannabis Club

1515 NE 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73111 405-424-4367

9903 SE 15th St., Suite E Midwest City, OK 73130 405-845-3337

4700 NW 39th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73122 405-787-2643

1260 24th Ave. SW Norman, OK 73072 405-456-9552

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Terra Wellness

5814 S. Western Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-600-6311

1620 SW 89th St., Suite E Oklahoma City, OK 73159 405-735-7783

Therapeutic Health Clinic 1417 NW 150th St. Edmond, OK 73013 405-285-0471

Top Shelf OKC 2518 N. Meridian Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73107 405-604-2738

Toucannabis Wellness Co. 3037 NE 23rd St. Oklahoma City, OK 73121 405-225-1223

Tree Life Dispensary 2334 N. MacArthur Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-838-1181

Trees Cannabis Co.

331946 E. State Highway 66 Wellston, OK 74881 405-401-2101

Wild Horse Dispensary 551 E. State Highway 152, Suite 2 Mustang, OK 73064 405-256-6464

Woke Wellness 1208 NW 12th St. Moore, OK 73170 405-445-4338

Z Dispensary 4989 SE 29th St. Del City, OK 73115 405-493-6541

Ziggyz Cannabis Co 924 SW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-632-0810

2958 SW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73119 405-208-8826

2016 N. MacArthur Blvd.

Oklahoma City, OK 73127 405-947-4842

True Herb Cannabis

4508 S. May Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73119 405-685-1716

636 SW 59th St. Oklahoma City, OK 73109 405-604-0050

4005 N. Pennsylvania Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73112 405-521-9999

LIFESTYLE

Whipped pesto dip Ingredients 1 1/2 cup feta cheese 8 ounces cream cheese, softened 4 tablespoons infused olive oil 3-4 tablespoons basil pesto (according to taste preference)

Tony Freitas’ hemp-infused whipped pesto dip | Photo Alexa Ace

CLEAN EATS Green & Clean Gourmet Chefs educates cannabis consumers on cooking with cannabis at home.

By Matt Dinger Tony Freitas started Green & Clean Gourmet Chefs as an educational and private chef service to teach patients how to incorporate cannabis into their nutritional plans, a personal mission for Freitas. He has used it to create customized healing protocols for his chronic pain, depression and anxiety.

“The reality is so much of our food today is far from clean, and if we want to

Infused oil Ingredients 14 grams ground, dried cannabis herb 32 ounces olive oil 4-6 fresh basil leaves, diced 2-3 fresh garlic cloves, chopped A pinch of salt Directions 1. Decarb the cannabis flower by heating it for 30 minutes at 240 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. While decarbing, place the olive oil in a slow cooker on the warm setting. (I don’t recommend the low setting, as it tends to be too hot and slightly burn the oil and cannabis.) Let it warm for 30 minutes before adding the ingredients.

3. Mix all of the ingredients into the oil and cook it on the warm setting for two hours.

4. Strain the cannabis from the oil using a cheesecloth.

5. Store the oil in a mason jar in a cool, dark place for at least six months.

optimize our bodies, then it is time to eat cleaner or chemical-free,” Freitas said.

“Our bodies are designed in such a way that we should all be considering our own cannabinoid nutritional levels, which is part of what we help people discover.”

This recipe is a preview of a cookbook Freitas is compiling to highlight how cooking with cannabis can be done in your home kitchen. The desired dosage can be controlled by the potency of the infused olive oil.

“When beginning to cook with cannabis, the old rule ‘less is more’ definitely applies. I recommend everyone start slow with small doses, also known as microdosing, and work their way up when possible if needed. Everyone has different tolerances and levels in their body’s own internal endocannabinoid system, which can produce different effects for different people. Many people have experienced an adverse effect while trying to experiment with proper dosing of cannabis.

Starting slow and titrating up the dosage is definitely effective for customizing to each

person’s tolerance,” Freitas said. “I also always keep plenty of CBD on hand as well, as it can balance out any adverse affects of too much THC. It is actually easy to add more hemp flower to any recipe and dial the THC down as needed as well. Oklahoma-approved hemp tends to have a broader cannabinoid profile and makes it much easier to experiment with in the kitchen.”

Freitas shared his personal recipe for an infused pesto dip that he has prepared for years.

“With summertime upon us, it is always good to think about fun dishes to share with our friends for cookouts.

Whether indoors or out, this is a great dish to bring along to share with your friends. The best part is it is so easy to make with only four ingredients. I have made this dish non-infused for years for many dinner parties, and it is always a hit. The best part is many people think they do not like feta but love the flavor of this and are surprised after I disclose the ingredients,” Freitas said. “The key to great flavors is to blend, taste and adjust a few times to perfect for your per-

Directions 1. Blend all ingredients in a food processor or a good blender. This step can be replaced with stirring the mixture vigorously a few times while baking it to make sure everything mixes well.

2. Place the mixture into a 9-by-13inch pan and bake it at 300 degrees Fahrenheit for 30-40 minutes until a good, consistent bubbling is achieved.

3. Serve it warm with pita chips or assorted veggies finished with olive oil and herbs to taste. sonal preference. I keep adding more oil and seasoning until I get my desired taste and texture. A little chicken base (powder or paste but not more liquids to maintain proper consistency) can be added to this recipe to give it a depth in flavor. I have also made this same recipe with sundried tomato pesto and homemade raw cannabis pesto, and all variations have been delicious. The cannabis flavor is something that can be customized as well. I find that some people prefer to have a bold plant flavor while most prefer it as a mild back note, which is how this recipe is created. More dry cannabis can be added to pack in more flavor, and I usually finish it with a little infused oil on top along with some herbs.”

Green & Clean offers private chef services, nutritional coaching, catered cooking events and private parties in homes and businesses.

Follow Chef Tony on Facebook (facebook.com/greenandcleanchefs) and Instagram (@greencheftony). He participates in a multitude of local events, including the upcoming Lawton Green Grow Expo July 19 and 20.

E S T I M AT E FOR CANNABINOIDS C A L C U L ATO R : 1 5% T H C

Tony Freitas of Green & Clean Gourmet Chefs | Photo Alexa Ace

14 grams x 1000 = 14,000 15% x 14,000 = 2,100 60 tablespoons/2100 = 35 mg THC per tablespoon Pesto Dip = 4 tablespoons x 35 mg = 140 mg total Approximately 8 servings total = 17.5 mg per serving of dip J U LY 2 0 1 9

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