Echoes Magazine November/December 2019

MAGAZINE

NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019 CINCINNATI UNION TERMINAL

CYCLONE IN CALICO

ON THE BACK OF A TURTLE

OHIO ROLLER DERBY

Now It's Spectacular!

Civil War Nurse Mary Ann Bickerdyke

The HuronWyandot Legacy

Classic Sport Gets a Makeover

Page 34

Page 38

Page 42

Page 24

MAGA ZINE

Cover: Fresh from a $228-million rehab and restoration, Cincinnati's spectacular Art Deco style Union Terminal, now the Cincinnati Museum Center, welcomes visitors to the Queen City. See page 24.

Cincinnati Museum Center

Vol. 58, No. 6 EDITORS

Bill Eichenberger

Contents NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

24

Cincinnati Union Terminal— Now It’s Spectacular!

34

Mary Ann Bickerdyke— Mother to the Boys in Blue

38

On the Back of a Turtle— The Huron-Wyandot Legacy

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Ohio Roller Derby— A Classic Sport Gets a Makeover

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A Message from Our Executive Director & CEO & President, Board of Trustees

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One Ohio—A Million Connections

Tom Wolf CONTRIBUTORS

Anthony C atale Lloyd E . Divine Jr. Randy Nissen David A . Simmons Andy Verhof f ADVISORY BOARD

Donna DeBlasio Youn gstown St ate Unive r sit y

Nishani Frazier Miami Unive r sit y

Rober t G enheimer

I N E AC H I S S U E

Cin cinn ati Muse um Ce nte r

Stephen G eorge O hio Histor y Conne c tion

Alex Hastie O hio v. the World

G eorge Ironstrack Miami Unive r sit y

Chester Pach O hio Unive r sit y

Roger Pickenpaugh Historian an d Auth or

Daniel Rivers T he O hio St ate Unive r sit y

Erin Wingfield O hio Histor y Conne c tion

Echoes Magazine (ISSN 0012-933X) is published bimonthly and distributed by the Ohio History Connection as a benefit of Ohio History Connection membership.

Editorial Offices: Ohio History Connection, Ohio History Center, 800 E. 17th Ave., Columbus, OH 43211-2474 Phone 844.836.0012 • Email echoes@ohiohistory.org

Many Thanks to Our Generous Supporters

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Contents From Our Editors What’s Your Story?

In the News Historic Sites & Museums At the Ohio History Center & Ohio Village Featured Events & Exhibits I Wish I’d Been There Young Eyes on the Past Reviews

THANKS TO OUR OHIO HISTORY CONNECTION STRATEGIC PARTNERS:

Postmaster: Please send address changes to: Echoes Magazine, Ohio History Connection, Ohio History Center, 800 E. 17th Ave., Columbus, OH 43211-2474 Entire contents © 2019 by the Ohio History Connection.

All rights reserved. Nothing may be reprinted or electronically reproduced in whole or in part without written permission from the publisher. The Ohio History Connection accepts no responsibility for facts and opinions expressed by the authors.

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Contact us at membership@ohiohistory.org or 800.686.1545 to share your new address.

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2 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

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Cincinnati Union Terminal

24

NOW IT’S SPECTACULAR! Cincinnati’s unforgettable Union Terminal fuses the 1930s Machine Age interest in engineering and efficiency with the romance of travel by rail and Cincinnati’s long tradition in the arts.

A recent $228-million rehab, the most thorough in its 86-year history, has restored Union Terminal to its opening-day brilliance, preparing this beloved landmark, now the Cincinnati Museum Center, for new generations of visitors.

Mary Ann Bickerdyke MOTHER TO THE BOYS IN BLUE

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Known as “America’s Florence Nightingale” and “the Cyclone in Calico,” Ohio-born Mary Ann “Mother” Bickerdyke made a name for herself as a strong-willed, no-nonsense Civil War nurse beloved by generals and soldiers alike. Her mission was, from her perspective, quite simple: “I have a commission from the Lord God Almighty to do all I can for every miserable creature who comes in my way; he is always sure of two friends, God and me.”

On the Back of a Turtle THE HURON-WYANDOT LEGACY

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For over a century, most accounts of the Wyandot tribe which called Ohio home until being removed to Oklahoma in the 1840s, have been written by non-Native authors. Now a new book, On the Back of a Turtle: A Narrative of the Huron-Wyandot People, shares the tribe’s story from a Wyandot perspective. Author and tribal member Lloyd E. Divine Jr. shares some Wyandot history in a Q&A.

Ohio Roller Derby A CLASSIC SPORT GETS A MAKEOVER

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Originating in the banked-track roller-skating marathons of the 1930s, roller derby developed as a competitive sport in the 1940s and 1950s.

By the 1970s, scripted, theatrical matches were the norm. If that’s how you picture roller derby, it’s time to think again. A new generation of women competing on flat tracks for Columbus-based Ohio Roller Derby is returning it to its roots as a sport, not a spectacle.

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FROM OUR EDITORS When John Peede, chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities, visited the Ohio History Center earlier this year, he asked Archaeology Curator Brad Lepper and World Heritage Director Jen Aultman to talk about the Ohio History Connection’s procedures for repatriation of American Indian artifacts to their rightful owners.

Peede said the National Endowment for the Humanities had worked with artifacts at the Crow Agency in Montana and explained, “There was a Lakota ceremonial blanket from 1910 on display and we had to say, ‘The blanket is not ours. We should give it back to the Lakota.’”

We were reminded of his visit when we talked to Lloyd E. Divine Jr., a citizen of the Wyandotte Nation and author of On the Back of a Turtle: A Narrative of the Huron-Wyandot People. As part of our lengthy Q&A (see page 38), we asked Divine a question that was cut for space but well worth including here, as it deals directly with the crucial issue of repatriation.

We asked Divine, “As the official ‘Keepers of the Council Fire,’ the Wyandot held an important place among multiple tribes which made the preservation of their wampum belts or official archives especially important. What’s the status of the Wyandot belts?”

His reply was as discouraging as it was common: “Shortly upon moving west (from Ohio to Oklahoma), the keeper of the tribal archives, an elderly Wyandot named Boyer, died. The archives consisted of wampum belts, documents and artifacts. Upon Boyer’s death, the contents of several trunks were distributed among leading men. A large number of the wampum belts were given to Tauromee, who, in 1857, moved to Indian Territory that became the state of Oklahoma. There, he and other Wyandots lived as guests of the Seneca Tribe. In 1862, Tauromee and the other Wyandots were taken captive by secessionist Indians, where they were forced to choose on whose side they would fight. The Wyandots chose the Union and remained as captives.

“After Tauromee escaped captivity, the chest of wampum belts was abandoned. It was eventually discovered and destroyed by Union forces. After the Civil War ended, Tauromee returned for his chest only to find thousands of scattered beads. There were other belts in the possession of other leading men and these belts were eventually lost, given away or sold to interested parties. Only one wampum belt, the Catholics’ New Corn Belt, remains in the possession of the Wyandotte Nation. This belt was given to the Huron Tribe in the first decade of the 18th century by the Catholic Church.”

In his history of the Huron-Wyandot, Divine writes, “I cannot imagine the heartbreak Tauromee must have felt as he paused to gaze upon the bits and pieces of belts scattered across the ground.”

So much history lost.

What’s In every issue of Echoes Magazine, we feature the stories of Ohio History Connection members and other Ohioans to stoke memories and shed light on our shared past.

For this issue, we asked,

“Which of the Ohio History Connection’s 50+ museums and attractions are your favorites, and what do you like most about them?”

Here are some of your responses: SCHOENBRUNN VILLAGE, NEW PHILADELPHIA Schoenbrunn Village is one of my favorite Ohio History Connection sites. I grew up in the Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, area, which was settled by Moravians, so I heard the name a lot when I was young, but didn’t know much about them. So I found it very interesting as an adult to visit Schoenbrunn, also settled

by Moravians, and learn about the settlers’ relationships with the local Native Americans, especially that they treated them how they should have been treated by all settlers— with respect, as fellow human beings.

I loved the reconstructed houses in the village, which really help you picture what life was like there. The little museum was also wonderful, showing the translations of the Bible into the Native Americans’ language, the portraits, and the tools and artifacts from daily life.

—Paul Steffen, Columbus

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WHERE IN OHIO

Serpent Mound

SERPENT MOUND, NEAR PEEBLES I’m executive director of Friends of Serpent Mound, so I guess I’m biased. I often ask myself, “Why do I feel such a deep connection to Serpent Mound?”

The easy answer is that it’s always been in my backyard. (I now live about 1,000 feet away from the site.) I grew up going to reunions there, and my first summer job at 16 was working for the park. My mother and my aunt worked the front gate. In 2000, when I was part of the Adams County Travel & Visitors Bureau, Serpent Mound had fallen into a sad state of disrepair. The shelter house had been torn down. The museum needed work. And, at the time, the Ohio History Connection didn’t have the capital improvement funds to take care of the site. That state of affairs helped push me to bring more awareness of Serpent Mound and its significance. If it’s been 20 years since you’ve visited Serpent Mound, it really has changed dramatically for the better. We’ve built a new shelter, and the museum got a much-needed new roof. Everything inside the museum is different than it was back then. There’s a wonderful new video to watch. And there are interpreters outside. We may never know Serpent Mound’s true purpose. We can only research the site and listen to what

it can tell us. But I can tell you, the site attracts the history lover, the nature lover, the spiritual person. It is aligned to the sun and moon, and trilliums bloom there every spring. My favorite thing is when grandparents bring their grandchildren to visit, so they can show the kids a place that meant a lot to them growing up. Serpent Mound is one of those wonders of the world, an ancient American piece of history that you’ve got to experience at least once.

Usually, one time and you’re hooked.

—Delsey Wilson, Peebles

ARMSTRONG AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, WAPAKONETA Armstrong Air & Space Museum is one of my favorite Ohio History Connection sites. Sat., July 20, was the 50th anniversary of the actual moon landing

by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, and that’s the day we visited, during Moon Week. We didn’t get to do a lot while there, but one thing we did get to do is that there was an outdoor stage where we met two astronauts, Michael Good and Greg H. Johnson, and talked with them about their experiences aboard the International Space Station. Both talked about what inspired them to become astronauts. Johnson was 7 years old the year of the first moon landing, and that was what inspired

him. I really enjoyed the detail they shared with us about how long it took to assemble the space station (13 years) and how every night you can go into your backyard here in Ohio and watch the space station fly over us at about 9:30 p.m. You can see it for a few minutes. It is 250 miles above the earth, and it took 36 space shuttle missions to complete the building of it. Good told us that, in order to go to Mars, we first need to learn how to live on the moon.

When you meet the astronauts like we did, it’s like they’re part of your family.

You felt very connected with them, coming to see them and getting to talk with them. It was truly a wonderful experience, thrilling to be there and visit with our heroes.

—Paul Ware, New Knoxville

WHAT’S YOUR STORY? We want to know your stories, so in every issue of Echoes Magazine we ask you a question, then run selected answers in the following issue. Here’s the question for January & February: From Ohio History Connection Archival Collections

Your Story?

2020 marks the centennial of the 19th Amendment, which gave many women the right to vote for the first time by making it illegal to discriminate against voters on the basis of sex. Due to racial discrimination, full national suffrage for women was not achieved until after 1965; nevertheless, 1920 was an important milestone. Do the women in your family (including you) have any stories or traditions about their own voting? What has the right to vote meant to you?

Email your story responses (50 to 150 words) by Nov. 10 to echoes@ohiohistory.org or, if you follow us on Facebook, send us a Facebook message.

OHIOHIS TORY.ORG

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In the News ARCHIVES AND LIBRARY

Ms. Wheelchair America Visits Ohio History Center When Karen Roy was named Ms. Wheelchair America 2019, her first order of business was getting to know the history of the organization that she would represent for a year.

She quickly came to discover that Ms. Wheelchair America hadn’t kept the best records since its founding in 1972.

Oh, they kept a running list of every woman who became Ms. Wheelchair America, but beyond the list, and the further back you went in time, the sketchier the information was.

So when Roy and her colleague, Barb Zablotney, Ms. Wheelchair Pennsylvania, first learned that the Ohio History Connection archives included the collection Miss Wheelchair America Records, 1971– 1983, they quickly scheduled a trip to the Ohio History Center in Columbus.

The pair visited the Ohio History Connection archives earlier this year and spent two hours looking through the collection, which includes organizational correspondence, official and administrative records, programs, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, scrapbooks and audio and video recordings.

WANTED TO KNOW MORE

“We were pretty good with our history from the 1990s on up to the present,” Roy says, “but we wanted to learn more about the early history of Ms. Wheelchair America.”

Karen and Barb expected to learn.

They didn’t count on crying.

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“We watched an interview with Ms. Wheelchair America 1978,” Roy says, “and it had us in tears. It was truly inspiring to see what women with disabilities in the 1970s were fighting for. We’re still in that fight. But they were there first, and they were so articulate about what we’re fighting for.”

At a particularly powerful moment in the video, Margie Sloan, Ms. Wheelchair America 1978, takes the opportunity to educate her interviewer, who had described her as “wheelchair-bound.”

“I’m not bound to this wheelchair,” Sloan says, “It’s my mode of transportation.”

Zablotney, too, was moved by the collection’s scope and emotional impact.

SO MUCH MORE THAN EXPECTED

“I thought it might be a couple boxes and that we’d be in and out of there pretty quickly, but it was so much more than that,” she says. “It was our history right before our eyes, all the people who paved the way for us, fought for my rights before I was even in a wheelchair. It was powerful, almost overwhelming.”

Ms. Wheelchair America was organized in 1972 by Columbus physician Dr. Philip K. Wood, according to the Ms. Wheelchair America website, “as a forum for the promotion of the achievements, as well as the needs of, people with mobility impairments. Ms. Wheelchair America recognizes the accomplishments of women who utilize wheelchairs for mobility.”

Echoes Magazine Editor Bill Eichenberger with Karen Roy, Ms. Wheelchair America

Zablotney says the group’s work is far from done, despite passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990.

“We’re still fighting,” she says. “We still don’t have equal rights and equal opportunity to contribute to our fullest abilities. There are still buildings I can’t enter, still landscapes I can’t enjoy, because they’re not accessible.”—EM Explore selections from the Ohio History Connection’s Miss Wheelchair America Collection online at ohiomemory.ohiohistory. org/archives/475 or see them for yourself in the third floor Research Room at the Ohio History Center. Ask to see collection MSS 934.

RIKE’S TOY PARADE

Santa Arrived in Style Before Macy’s more famous parade marched down New York City streets for the first time on Christmas Day (yes, Christmas Day) in 1924, there was Rike’s Toy Parade in downtown Dayton.

Started a year earlier—in 1923—Rike’s Toy Parade is pictured here as it looked in 1935 when captured by a photographer for the WPA Ohio Guide, in photographs now in the collection of the Ohio History Connection.

From Ohio History Connection Archival Collections

Rike’s Toy Parade, Dayton, 1935

FEATURED POPULAR CHARACTERS

Held annually on Thanksgiving Day, the Toy Parade kicked off the holiday shopping season at Dayton’s leading department store, the Rike Kumler Co., better known simply as Rike’s.

Pictured here are some stars of the 1935 parade, including Mr. and Mrs. Jack Spratt and Humpty Dumpty and family.

Dayton-area natives of a certain age remember that Santa arrived at Rike’s via the Toy Parade, climbed to the roof of the store and went in (how else?) through the chimney. (History has not recorded how Santa exited the store.)

AN IRONIC TWIST OF FATE

World War II brought the end of Rike’s Toy Parade, last held in 1942.

Rike’s lived on until 1982, when, as a unit of Ohio-based Federated Department Stores, Rike’s merged with Shillito’s of Cincinnati to become Shillito Rike’s. In 1986, it became Lazarus, and in 2005— in a twist of fate that never could have been forseen in 1923—Macy’s.

The downtown Dayton store closed its doors for good in 1992.

Learn more about the history of Rike’s and the Thanksgiving Day Toy Parade and see Santa arrive at Rike’s, climb to the roof and head down the chimney in the 1997 video produced

by Dayton Public Television, Let’s Go Down to Rike’s, pbs.org/video/ thinktv-originals-lets-go-down-torikes.

This holiday story originally appeared in the Nov. 30, 2011, edition of Ohio Histore-news, our online newsletter at the time. The parade photos are so wonderful that we wanted to share them again.

Manse Hotel Annex, Cincinnati

HISTORIC PRESERVATION

Recent Ohio Additions to the National Register of Historic Places CINCINNATI • HAMILTON COUNT Y

MANSE HOTEL AND ANNEX 916–926 Chapel St., 1004 Chapel St.

From 1931 to 1961, the Manse Hotel welcomed African American travelers without the discrimination that characterized some other accommodations at the time. Listed in the Negro Motorist Green Book, it was locally popular for weddings and other special events and as a meeting place for African American clubs, fraternities and sororities. Also noted for its role in civil rights history, the Manse served as a gathering place for such national groups as the NAACP, National Dental Association, National Bowling Association, Housewives League and National Negro Business League.

Rike’s Toy Parade, Dayton, 1935

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National Register photos on pages 7–9 courtesy State Historic Preservation Office

United States Post Office, Medina

DAY TON • MONTGOMERY COUNT Y DOWNTOWN DAY TON HISTORIC DISTRICT • Roughly bounded by I-75, St. Clair St., west face of Patterson Blvd., Monument Ave. and Sixth St./ Norfolk Southern Railroad line.

Sought by the City of Dayton to encourage reinvestment by making more downtown properties potentially eligible for state and federal historic preservation tax credits, the Downtown Dayton Historic District encompasses an area of about 220 acres over 36 blocks. Two earlier districts, the Fire Blocks Historic District and TerraCotta Historic District, are wholly within the new historic district, which reflects the larger story of commerce, community planning and development in downtown Dayton from 1865 to 1980. A majority of buildings in the district are more than 50 years old, and 54 were already in the National Register.

The earliest ones associated with commerce date to 1865 and the most recent, the 1980 Gem City Plaza Building, is a product of local urban renewal and planning processes that began in the 1960s.

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DELAWARE • DELAWARE COUNT Y OHIO WESLEYAN UNIVERSIT Y FRATERNIT Y HILL HISTORIC DISTRICT • 4, 9, 10, 15, 19, 20, 23, 30 and 35 Williams Drive

Developed from 1954 to 1963, Ohio Wesleyan’s Fraternity Hill Historic District illustrates the prominent role Greek-letter fraternities played on

campus after World War II. Added to the National Register for its history and architecture, the district comprises nine chapter houses in a park-like setting. Creation of a university-owned fraternity district heralded a new era. “The Hill” emerged as a social center, bringing students together for parties, formals, serenades, ceremonies and outdoor events such as float building and intramural sports. Designed by six architects in Georgian Revival, Colonial Revival and Mid-Century Modern styles, the houses reflect design trends of the time, with outdoor terraces and patios sited around a common green space.

LOCKLAND • HAMILTON COUNT Y MILL & DUNN HISTORIC DISTRICT 100-139 Williams St., 119 Lock St., 200-328 Dunn St., 100-200 Mill St., and 209-327 Wyoming Ave.

The Mill & Dunn Historic District was part of the first subdivision in Lockland, recorded in 1829 by investors Nicholas Longworth and Lewis Howell, who located it at four locks of the Miami & Erie Canal because they knew that the water power would attract industries and drive economic growth. Its water power made Lockland the county’s second-largest manufacturing town after Cincinnati. Mills there processed farm products, paper and lumber. Arrival of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad in 1851, the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railroad in 1872 and streetcar service in 1898 spurred further growth. Commercial blocks in the district date from about 1840 through 1969.

Stearns & Foster, the largest and most enduring local industry, operated north of the district from 1882 to 1993, and its 1912 office building is within the historic district.

projects quickly, efficiently and in large numbers across the country, using local materials and labor. The building is in the Colonial Revival style, well suited for Medina, which is in the Connecticut Western Reserve, a region of northeast Ohio initially settled largely by New Englanders.

Downtown Dayton Historic District

HUDSON • SUMMIT COUNT Y CASE-BARLOW FARM 1931 Barlow Rd.

The Case-Barlow Farm is open to the public as a well-preserved Summit County farmstead of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The two-story brick Federal-style house was built in 1831 and later enlarged. The farmstead also includes a wooden bank barn (1890), the foundation of an 1890 silo, a silo (circa 1910), a wagon barn (circa 1915), a rock-faced concrete block garage (circa 1920), a glazed-block milk house (1920) and a privy (circa 1940). Barlow Farm Park surrounds the farmstead to the north, east and west.

MANSFIELD • RICHLAND COUNT Y DOWNTOWN MANSFIELD HISTORIC DISTRICT Roughly bounded by Fifth Street, Diamond Street, Second Street and Mulberry Street

The Downtown Mansfield Historic District reflects this north central Ohio city’s growth and development from 1860 to 1968. Central Park or “the square,” a focal point of the district,

is a feature of the original town plan as drawn by New Englanders. Settled in 1808, Mansfield evolved from a rural county seat to an early railroad junction starting in the 1840s, then into a regional center of commerce and manufacturing. Buildings in the district date from 1860, when the former H.L. Reed Co. store on the square was completed, to 1968, when the fifth Richland County Courthouse was finished in a style known as New Formalism, favored for civic buildings of the time like Lincoln Center and the Kennedy Center. The district includes nearly 100 other buildings in a variety of Victorian and later architectural styles, many by noted Mansfield builders and architects such as Vernon Redding, Althouse & Jones and Thomas G. Zaugg. Among them are landmarks such as the Vasbinder Fountain, Richland Trust Co. Building, Farmers Bank Building, Barrington One (Walpark) Building, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Building, Mansfield Richland County Public Library, Mansfield Savings Bank and smaller buildings on the square, Main Street, Diamond Street, South Park Street, North Park Street, Park Avenue West, Third Street, Fourth Street and in the Carrousel District.

PORTSMOUTH • SCIOTO COUNT Y EUGENE MCKINLEY MEMORIAL POOL 1529 Findlay St.

In 1961, 14-year-old Eugene McKinley drowned while swimming in a Scioto River gravel pit—African Americans like McKinley were not allowed to swim at Portsmouth’s private Terrace Club. A coalition of African Americans and community organizations banded together to plan and raise funds for an integrated public pool. Fundraising languished until the city took over and finished the pool, which opened in 1967—three years after the NAACP succeeded in integrating the Terrace Club pool. As a result, the McKinley Pool occupies a complicated position in local civil rights history. On one hand, it was, as advertised, “A Place in the Sun for Everyone.” On the other, it alleviated pressure on the private pool to integrate.

MEDINA • MEDINA COUNT Y UNITED STATES POST OFFICE 143 W. Liberty St.

Medina’s first “permanent” post office, this 1938 landmark is also notable as an example of the smalltown federal buildings constructed under New Deal programs in the 1930s to relieve the economic stress of the Great Depression. It was one of hundreds designed and constructed by the Treasury Department under the Public Works Administration, through a program that sought to maximize economic benefits by delivering construction

In response to requests from members, we now offer auto-renewal when you purchase or renew your membership online!

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A Few of Our Favorite Things

Give the gift of sports with mugs, apparel, books and more inspired by our special exhibit Ohio— Champion of Sports. $3.50–$64.00

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To the Stars! The First American Woman to Walk in Space This picture book by Ohio authors Carmella Van Vleet and Dr. Kathy Sullivan and illustrated by Nicole Wong shares the story of astronaut Sullivan, who in 1984 became the first American woman to walk in space. It alternates scenes from her childhood and ones from her adult life. $16.95 Limited autographed copies available while supplies last. X Ohio History Connection members save 10%.

Ohio County Clock Beautiful stained wood-base clock with maple overlay featuring all 88 counties engraved in fine detail. About 10” x 10” x 1”. $69.99. X Ohio History Connection members save 10%.

Celebrate the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment and women’s right to vote! Pins, apparel, books, totes and gifts ranging from $5.50 to $29.99. X Ohio History Connection members save 10%.

Plush Champ No holiday would be complete without your own plush Champ, mascot for our special exhibit Ohio—Champion of Sports. About 9” x 9” x 4” $19.99 X Ohio History Connection members enjoy special savings on Plush Champ Nov. 29 through Dec. 23 $14.99

Ohio History Store Shop ohiohistorystore.com 24/7 or at the Ohio History Center in Columbus Weds.–Sun. 10 a.m.–5 p.m. Questions? Call 800.797.2357. X Ohio History Connection members enjoy a 10% discount online and at the Ohio History Store. Use code MEMB1803. Ohio orders add 7.5% sales tax plus shipping and handling.

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Our House Is a Very Very Very Old House OHIO—CHAMPION OF SPORTS

QUESTION:

When the Marquis de Lafayette visited Our House, a tavern in French-founded Gallipolis, Ohio, on his 1825 tour of the United States, he probably never imagined that it would still be standing nearly two centuries later—partly because of his visit—though that’s exactly what’s happened. Built in 1819, Our House is a museum under the auspices of the Ohio History Connection and local managing partner Friends of Our House. Our House is celebrating 200 years on Weds., Nov. 27, during the annual holiday celebration Gallipolis in Lights, when you’re invited to a special open house. See page 20.

In which year did Ohio Stadium, an iconic piece of The Ohio State University’s campus, open?

On the Shelves

TRIVIA

Can you answer these Ohio sports trivia questions?

QUESTION: Who played for the Cleveland Indians from 1955 to 1959 and later became the longest-tenured Cleveland Indians broadcaster, from 1964 to 1997?

ANSWER: HERB SCORE ANSWER: 1922

QUESTION: Which NBA star helped Akron’s St. Vincent-St. Mary High School win the 2003 Ohio High School Athletic Association Boys Basketball Division II championship?

ANSWER: LEBRON JAMES

QUESTION: Which stadium is home to the Columbus Crew?

ANSWER: MAPFRE STADIUM

QUESTION: Which Ohioan and two-time WNBA champion retired in 2013 as the all-time leading scorer in women’s professional basketball history?

ANSWER: KATIE SMITH

Explore more Ohio sports stories in Ohio—Champion of Sports, on exhibit at the Ohio History Center in Columbus through Sept. 6, 2020.

Learn more at ohiohistory.org/sports.

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After operating with many of our archival materials in off-site storage while we installed 6 miles of new shelving on the fifth floor over the past two years, we’re happy to report that the Ohio History Connection’s library and archives at the Ohio History Center in Columbus has everything back in one place.

“It’s been a really big undertaking and it's awesome to finally have everything back in one building again,” says Elizabeth Woods, Ohio History Connection Library Services Manager.

Open to all, the Ohio History Connection’s library and archives is a great place to research family history or most any other Ohio history topic that interests you.

Push “3” on the Ohio History Center elevator to check out the big third-floor research room, open Wednesday through Saturday 10 a.m.–5 p.m. Experienced librarians and archivists are waiting to help you with your search. Questions?

Call 800.686.6124, 614.297.2510 or visit ohiohistory.org/learn/ archives-library.

Curious about what we have and want to check it out before you visit? Explore our library, archives and collections catalogs online from anywhere 24/7 at ohiohistory.org/ catalog.

Soldiering On Have you ever wondered, in a Walter Mitty moment, what it would have been like to be a Roman gladiator or a World War II GI? Visit the Ohio History Center in Columbus on Sat., Nov. 9, from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. for March Through Time, when reenactors will be on hand in the museum to talk with you about a soldier’s life during various conflicts in history and show you related weapons, gear and uniforms. March Through Time is included with museum admission. (Ohio History Connection members enjoy free admission.) With advance registration

by Nov. 2, members can also enjoy a complimentary Breakfast with Conway (Conway is our beloved mastodon) plus a 9:15 a.m. special presentation by Dr. Frank A. Blazich Jr., curator of military history at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History. See page 14.

Register at 800.686.1545. Questions about March Through Time?

800.686.6124 or ohiohistory.org/ calendar

Snowbirds, remember to show your membership card for discounts to museums in the national Time Travelers network!

Visit ohiohistory.org/ timetravelers for details.

O HI O HIS TO RY CO NNEC T I O N

Historic Sites & Museums NORTHWEST OHIO 1. Armstrong Air & Space Museum 2. Cedar Bog Nature Preserve 3. Cooke-Dorn House 4. Fallen Timbers Battlefield Memorial Park 5. Fort Amanda Memorial Park 6. Fort Jefferson Memorial Park 7. Fort Meigs 8. Fort Recovery Museum & Monument 9. Glacial Grooves Geological Preserve 10. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums 11. Indian Mill 12. Inscription Rock Petroglyphs 13. Johnston Farm & Indian Agency 14. Lockington Locks

NORTHEAST OHIO 15. Custer Monument 16. Fort Laurens 17. McCook House 18. Museum of Ceramics 19. Quaker Yearly Meeting House 20. Schoenbrunn Village 21. Shaker Historical Museum 22. Tallmadge Church 23. Youngstown Historical Center of Industry & Labor 24. Zoar Village

SOUTHWEST OHIO 33. Adena Mansion & Gardens 34. Davis Memorial Nature Preserve 35. Fort Ancient Earthworks & Nature Preserve 36. Fort Hill Earthworks & Nature Preserve

CENTRAL OHIO

SOUTHEAST OHIO

37. Harriet Beecher Stowe House 38. John Rankin House 39. Miamisburg Mound

47. Big Bottom Memorial Park 48. Buckeye Furnace

26. Hanby House

40. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center

27. Logan Elm

41. Paul Laurence Dunbar House

50. Campus Martius Museum

28. Newark Earthworks

42. Serpent Mound

51. John & Annie Glenn Museum

29. Ohio History Center & Ohio Village

43. Story Mound

52. Leo Petroglyphs & Nature Preserve

30. Shrum Mound

44. U.S. Grant Birthplace

53. National Road & Zane Grey Museum

31. Wahkeena Nature Preserve

45. U.S. Grant Boyhood Home & Schoolhouse

54. Ohio River Museum

32. Warren G. Harding Home & Memorial

46. William Henry Harrison Tomb

55. Our House Tavern

25. Flint Ridge Ancient Quarries & Nature Preserve

49. Buffington Island Battlefield Memorial Park

Ohio History Connection members enjoy free regular admission to these museums and attractions.

Find locations, hours and more at ohiohistory.org/places.

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P R O G R A M S & E X H I B I T S AT T H E

Ohio History Center & Ohio Village

Enjoy the following programs free with museum admission.* Questions? Call 800.686.6124.

EXHIBIT TOUR OHIO–CHAMPION OF SPORTS

Strange Sports Stories SAT., NOV. 2 F NOON–12:30 P.M. Sometimes sports history is stranger than fiction! Hear stories from Ohio’s sporting past, including how an early football team was used as a marketing tool to sell dogs and how a turtle became a trophy, in this guided tour of the special exhibit Ohio—Champion of Sports.

ECHOES IN TIME THEATRE

Thanksgiving Dinner— What’s on the Menu?

SAT., NOV. 2 & 16 PERFORMANCES AT 1 & 3 P.M. The year is 1933. Thanksgiving is coming, and Mildred’s family is on its way. With money tight and food prices skyrocketing, listen as she plans her Thanksgiving dinner and reflects on menus of the past in this live, one-person performance. Echoes in Time Theatre lasts about 30–45 minutes and includes a post-performance Q&A. TALK

Bill the Beamer SAT., NOV. 2 F 2–2:30 P.M. Have you ever wanted to know more about Ohio’s last president with facial hair? Hear about William Howard Taft’s life before he became president, and learn how he got his dream job.

14 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

EXHIBIT TOUR

Ice Age Mammals SUN., NOV. 3 F NOON–12:30 P.M. SUN., DEC. 29 F 2–2:30 P.M. On this guided tour in the exhibit The Nature of Ohio, learn about some of the giant mammals who roamed what’s now Ohio during the Ice Age, which ended about 10,000 years ago.

EXHIBIT TOUR

World War I Display SUN., NOV. 3 F 2–2:30 P.M. Tour our open-storage World War I display with a staff guide. You’ll see real helmets, gas masks and personal effects collected from Ohio servicemen and women.

SPECIAL EVENT

March Through Time SAT., NOV. 9 F 10 A.M.–5 P.M. Explore military history! From Roman gladiators to World War II GIs, meet and talk with soldiers of times past stationed in the museum and learn how uniforms, weapons and gear have evolved over time.

Enjoy military-themed board games, see firing demonstrations and learn about uniforms. RELATED PROGRAM: Breakfast with Conway—See Sat., Nov. 9.

SMITHSONIAN GUEST SPEAKER

Feathers of Honor SAT., NOV. 9 F 12:30 P.M. Hear Dr. Frank A. Blazich of the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History share how pigeons aided the war effort during World War I, in this special presentation, Feathers of Honor: U.S. Army Signal Corps Pigeon Service in World War I, 1917–18.

EXHIBIT TOUR

World War I Aviators SUN., NOV. 10 F NOON–12:30 P.M. Learn about artifacts from aviators featured in our World War I display, including some from Ohio’s own Flying Ace, Eddie Rickenbacker.

MEMBER EVENT

EXHIBIT TOUR

Breakfast with Conway

Civil War Battle Flags

SAT., NOV. 9 F 8:30—11 A.M. WITH SPECIAL PROGRAM AT 9:15 A.M. Join us for a special morning just for Ohio History Connection members!

Enjoy coffee and pastries plus a 9:15 a.m. special presentation from Dr. Frank A. Blazich Jr., curator of military history at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History. Free to Ohio History Connection members with advance registration by Nov. 2.

800.686.1545 or membership@ ohiohistory.org.

SUN., NOV. 10 F 2–2:30 P.M. Visit the exhibit Follow the Flag with a museum staff guide. Learn about efforts to conserve our Civil War battle flag collection and get special access to a case where flags not on display are stored.

After Breakfast with Conway, explore more military history in the Ohio History Center museum with March Through Time from 10 a.m.–5 p.m. See “March Through Time” on this page for details.

TALK

From Temperance to Bootleggers & Beyond—A History of Prohibition in Columbus SAT., NOV. 16 & SUN., NOV. 17 NOON–12:30 P.M. While Columbus may not be the first place people think of when they hear the word “Prohibition,” Ohio played a leading role in passage of the 18th Amendment. Join Alex Tebben, author of Prohibition in Columbus, Ohio, to learn about the men and women who fought for Prohibition and how it left a lasting impact on the city’s Brewery District.

*Museum admission through May 22, 2020, includes Ohio History Center and is $13; $11/ages 60+; $7/ages 4–12. Ohio History Connection members and ages 3 & under enjoy free admission.

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Dickens of a Christmas

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DEC. 7, 8, 14 & 15

COLLECTION CONNECTION

TALK

STAFF PICK

Gay Ohio History Initiative

Ohio History Fund—How It’s Making a Difference

Mae Takasugi’s Parasol

SAT., NOV. 16 F 2–3 P.M. This year marks the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Uprising, which many consider the beginning of the modern gay rights movement. Our Gay Ohio History Initiative collection connects us to Ohio’s role in LGBTQ history. Join Ohio History Connection Curator Eric Feingold to see some of the unique objects, photographs and other items in this collection.

EXHIBIT TOUR

Following in Ancient Footsteps SUN., NOV. 17 & SAT., NOV. 23 2–2:30 P.M. See remarkable ancient American Indian artifacts found in Ohio in the exhibit Following in Ancient Footsteps and learn about the first Ohioans. Marvel at the artistry of the early inhabitants of what we now call Ohio and learn how partnerships with present-day tribes are enriching our knowledge of them.

1950S—BUILDING THE AMERICAN DREAM

Lustron House Decorated for the Holidays + Holiday Train Display WEDS., NOV. 20–SUN., JAN. 5 WEDS.–SUN. 10 A.M.–5 P.M. It’s Christmas 1950s-style in our real, fully furnished Lustron house! Drop by to see how Dotty and Bob have decorated and check out little Jimmy’s model train display, courtesy of the Central Ohio Model Railroad Club.

THURS., NOV. 21 F 2 P.M. A Conestoga Program Ohio History Fund grants have replaced roofs and repaired windows at house museums, supported education programs and helped history museums manage irreplaceable collections of artifacts, images and manuscripts that preserve community stories. Hear Ohio History Fund Coordinator Andy Verhoff and grant recipients share some Ohio History Fund success stories. A volunteer fundraising support group for the Ohio History Connection, Conestoga has chosen the Ohio History Fund as its fundraising initiative for 2019–2020. Free. For more information, contact Truda Shinker, 614.297.2334.

TALK

Lost Columbus Malls SAT., NOV. 23 & DEC. 28 NOON–12:30 P.M. From Northland to City Center, the recent history of Columbus is littered with dead malls. Learn about the heyday and downfall of some of these lost shopping centers in this staff-led talk, and bring your memories to share!

TALK

Animals of War SUN., NOV. 24 F NOON–12:30 P.M. World War I required all Americans to do their part, though did you know that some heroic animals helped in the war effort, too? Join us to learn more about them.

SUN., NOV. 24 F 2–2:30 P.M. Mae and Kingo Takasugi of Alliance, Ohio, were among more than 100,000 Japanese American citizens forced to leave their homes and relocate to government-run internment camps during World War II. Learn about the internment and see a parasol Mae Takasugi owned before she left Ohio.

OHIO—CHAMPION OF SPORTS

Thanksgiving Family Friday FRI., NOV. 29 F 10 A.M.–5 P.M. Bring your out-of-town guests to a family-friendly day all about sports! Hear from some of the athletes featured in our special exhibit Ohio—Champion of Sports, explore the exhibit, meet “athletic” bugs from The Ohio State University Department of Entomology (10:30–11, 11:30–Noon and 12:30–1), and enjoy sports-themed hands-on activities.

ECHOES IN TIME THEATRE

’Twas the Night Before Christmas SAT., DEC. 7 & 21 PERFORMANCES AT 1 & 3 P.M. Learn about the famous poem ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas by Clement Clarke Moore, from his inspirations to the world in which the poem was written. Echoes in Time Theatre lasts about 30–45 minutes and includes a post-performance Q&A.

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Holiday Train Display

Ohio Art Company Toys

NOV. 20–JAN. 5

DEC. 22 SEPT. 28

TALK

The Kahiki SAT., DEC. 7 F 2–2:30 P.M. SAT., DEC. 21 F NOON–12:30 P.M. One of Ohio’s most beloved restaurants, The Kahiki in Columbus offered a lavish Tahitian-themed dining experience that made it a tiki icon. Learn about the rise and fall of The Kahiki in this staff-led talk.

STAFF PICK

Wanderers to Wonders SAT., DEC. 14 F 2–2:30 P.M. During the height of the Great Depression, one high school basketball team from the small community of

Waterloo, Ohio, achieved athletic heights few thought possible. Stop by to learn more about the amazing rise of the Waterloo Wonders.

TALK

The Christmas Truce of 1914 SUN., DEC. 22 & 29 F NOON–12:30 P.M. In December 1914, thousands of soldiers faced spending the holidays in the trenches—despite promises made at the start of World War I that they would be home. Learn more about the fabled “Christmas Truce of 1914” and hear what life was like for soldiers fighting on the front lines in this staff-led talk.

STAFF PICK

Ohio Art Company Toys SUN., DEC. 22 F 2–2:30 P.M. Take a trip down memory lane! See colorful Ohio Art Company toys of the 1930s to 1970s from our collection. While they’re usually kept in storage, you’ll get a special opportunity to examine them up close!

ECHOES IN TIME THEATRE

HOLIDAY HOURS

Ohio History Center Museum 10 a.m.–5 p.m.

16 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

OSU Football—Masculine Virtue or Murderous Mayhem?

SAT., JAN. 4 & 18, 2020 PERFORMANCES AT 1 & 3 P.M. In 1901, all of The Ohio State University was mourning the death of football captain John Sigrist from injuries sustained during a game. Because of this tragedy, the board of trustees put forth a resolution to suspend the sport. Listen

to a trustee who’s torn on how to vote, portrayed by Harding Kirchoff. Hear all sides of this issue and help decide the proper course of action. Echoes in Time Theatre lasts about 30–45 minutes and includes a post-performance Q&A. NATURAL HISTORY

Wild Ohio Weekend SAT., JAN. 4 & SUN., JAN. 5 10 A.M.–5 P.M. Join us for a weekend of natural history programs. On Saturday, learn about new research on the world around you with a day of adult-oriented lectures and talks.

On Sunday, learn about the creatures that call Ohio home during family-friendly programming.

MORE FEATURED EVENTS • • • GENEALOGY WORKSHOP

Religious Roots & Resources SAT., NOV. 9 F 10:30 A.M.–12:30 P.M. Church and synagogue records can be invaluable sources of family history information, especially when local, state and federal government records are unavailable. Join Outreach Reference Archivist Liz Plummer to learn how to look for family history clues in books, registers and other records of more than 30 denominations at the Ohio History Center in Columbus. $20, $15/ Ohio History Connection member.

800.686.1541 or ohiohistory.org/ genealogy

*Museum admission through May 22, 2020, includes Ohio History Center and is $13; $11/ages 60+; $7/ages 4–12. Ohio History Connection members and ages 3 & under enjoy free admission.

HOLIDAY SPECIAL EVENT

Dickens of a Christmas SAT., DEC. 7 & 14 F 5:30–9 P.M. SUN., DEC. 8 & 15 F NOON–5 P.M. Ohio Village, Columbus 4 (Ohio History Center closes at 4 p.m. on Sat., Dec. 7 & Sat., Dec. 14.) Capture the spirit of holidays past at Ohio Village, our recreated 19th-century community, where Charles Dickens’s festive and enduring vision comes to life through jolly carols, decorations and traditions inspired by his colorful tales. Meet Scrooge, Jacob Marley and other characters from A Christmas Carol, plus Santa decked out in Victorian style. Pose in a sleigh for a unique holiday photo, enjoy craft and cooking demonstrations, buy wassail, cookies or roasted chestnuts and shop P. Wylie’s Emporium for the perfect gift. $16, $12/youth. Ohio History Connection member: $11, $7/member youth, Free/age 3 & under. 800.686.6124 or ohiohistory.org/dickens

Dickens Dinners at Ohio Village SAT., DEC. 7 F 5–6:30 P.M. & 7–8:30 P.M. NEW! SUN., DEC. 8 F 4–5:30 P.M. SAT., DEC. 14 F 5–6:30 P.M. & 7–8:30 P.M. Ohio Village, Columbus 4 Experience an evening in the world of Charles Dickens. Feast on a sumptuous dinner at the American House Hotel, hear festive carols and enjoy Dickens of a Christmas festivities throughout Ohio Village, included with dinner. Advance registration is required for this popular holiday event. $68, $58/Ohio History Connection member. 800.686.1541 or ohiohistory.org

Christmas Buffet at Ohio Village SUN., DEC. 8 F 11 A.M. & 2 P.M. SUN., DEC. 15 F 11 A.M. & 2 P.M. Ohio Village, Columbus 4 Savor a festive holiday buffet of splendidly prepared dishes in the warmth of the American House Hotel, then enjoy Dickens of a Christmas festivities throughout Ohio Village until 5 p.m., included with admission. $48; $33/ages 4–12; $38/Ohio History Connection member; $23/Ohio History Connection

member ages 4–12; Free/age 3 & under.

Advance registration is required for this popular event. 800.686.6124 or ohiohistory.org MUSEUM OPEN DAILY

School’s Out—Museum’s Open!

THURS., DEC. 26–SUN., JAN. 5 From Thurs., Dec. 26, through Sun., Jan. 5, the Ohio History Center museum is open 10 a.m.–5 p.m. seven days a week. That’s extra time just when you’re ready to get out of the house and are looking for something to do. Visit the museum to check out the special exhibit Ohio—Champion of Sports, snoop in the closets and peek in the drawers of our 1950s house, see the holiday train display and enjoy lunch from our Plaza Cafe.

FEATURED EXHIBITS • • •

Ohio—Champion of Sports THROUGH SUN., SEPT. 6, 2020 Ohio—Champion of Sports features more than 70 stories and 35 oral histories covering more than 25 sports ranging from baseball, football and basketball to roller derby, skateboarding and e-gaming.

The exhibit showcases the Ohio athletes, coaches, owners and fans at the center of the action and explores sports through the themes of Character, Adversity, Innovation, Identity, Tradition and Victory—values that relate to the human condition—to connect a broad audience to Ohio’s national sports history. You can test your basketball skills at the Wall of Hoops, record a “victory dance” to share with family and friends, run an obstacle course and record your own “One Minute Legends” sports story. Follow Ohio’s great sports stories on our blog at ohiohistory. org/champion. RELATED PROGRAMS: See bold headings on pages 14–18.

800.686.6124 or ohiohistory.org/sports

ON EXHIBIT WEDS.–SUN. 10 A.M.–5 P.M. VISIT 10 A.M.–5 P.M. DAILY DEC. 26–JAN. 5

OHIO HISTORY CENTER COLUMBUS

Explore the compelling human story of sports.

ohiohistory.org/sports Book group tours now: 800.686.1541 or reservations@ohiohistory.org

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Ohio History Center COLUMBUS

1950s—Building the American Dream

Creative Ohio—Artists, Artwork & Their Inspiration

ONGOING Get a look at life in the 1950s. Peek in the closets and snoop in the drawers of a real, fully furnished Lustron steel house made right here in Ohio. From the contents of the cupboards to the news on TV and the toys in the yard, this hands-on exhibit is a fascinating journey back in time.

RELATED PROGRAMS: Lustron House Decorated for the Holidays + Holiday Train Display—See Weds., Nov. 20–Sun., Jan. 5.

ONGOING Through pieces from Ohio History Connection collections, explore the artwork, inspiration and creative processes of four Ohio artists—PaulHenri Bourguignon (1906–1988), Emerson Burkhart (1905–1969), William Hawkins (1895–1990) and Josephine Klippart (1848–1936)—and create your own artistic masterpiece!

World War I Display

The Ohio History Center museum, third-floor archives and library research room, Ohio History Store and Plaza Cafe will be closed for cleaning and maintenance January 6–14, 2020. Offices and the State Historic Preservation Office will remain open.

Questions? Call 800.686.6124.

ONGOING See equipment, weapons, uniforms and memorabilia commemorating the centennial of World War I. RELATED PROGRAMS: World War I Aviators—See Sun., Nov. 10.

Museum, Archives & Library Closed January 6–14

NOW OPEN

Open 11 a.m.–2 p.m.

Seven days a week SERVING:

• Soups • Salads • Sandwiches • Sides

• Desserts • Coffee • Pepsi products

Ohio History Connection

MEMBERS SAVE 10% at the Plaza Cafe!

Ohio History Center Hours Museum WEDS.—SUN. 10 A.M.–5 P.M. CLOSED MON.–TUES.

Third Floor Research Room WEDS.—SAT. 10 A.M.–5 P.M. CLOSED SUN.–TUES.

18 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

The Ohio History Center will close at 4 p.m. on Saturdays Dec. 7 & 14 to prepare for Dickens of a Christmas and will be closed on Thanksgiving Day, Thurs., Nov. 28, and Christmas Day, Weds., Dec. 25.

Enjoy special extended holiday hours at the Ohio History Center Thurs., Dec. 26, through Sun., Jan. 5, when the museum will be open daily 10 a.m.–5 p.m., including New Year’s Day, Weds., Jan. 1.

Plaza Cafe MON.–SUN. 11 A.M.–2 P.M. The Plaza Cafe is open 11 a.m.–2 p.m. seven days a week and serves soups, salads, sandwiches, a variety of sides and desserts, coffee and Pepsi products.

Ohio History Connection members save 10% at the Plaza Cafe.

F E AT U R E D O H I O H I S T O R Y C O N N E C T I O N

Events & Exhibits CENTRAL OHIO

Retracing Ancient Pathways SAT., NOV. 2 F 9 A.M.–12:30 P.M. Great Circle Museum, Newark Earthworks, Newark 4 Join us for a 3.5-mile hike retracing portions of the four square miles of the Newark Earthworks. This walk will go beyond the best-preserved Great Circle and Octagon to explore remnants of the Square and Ellipse and other fragments of the Newark Earthworks in today’s urban environment. Meet at the Great Circle Museum. Free with advance registration. 740.344.0498 or tjordan@ ohiohistory.org

Hanby Christmas Open House TUES., DEC. 3 F 7–9 P.M. SAT., DEC. 7 F 10 A.M.–4 P.M. Hanby House, Westerville 4 The Hanbys have decorated for the holidays, and you’re invited! Guides will be in each room of this historic home to share the Hanby story. Enjoy continuous live music in the parlor. See a documentary video on the hour and half hour. Complimentary cookies and hot cider. $3, $2.50/ ages 60+, $1/ages 5–17. Ohio History Connection member: $2.50, $1/ages 5–17.

800.600.6843 or hanbyhouse.org

NORTHEAST OHIO

Christmas in the Village SAT., DEC. 7 F 1–4 P.M. Schoenbrunn Village, New Philadelphia Visit Schoenbrunn, a reconstructed 1770s Moravian mission on the Ohio frontier, filled with the holiday spirit. Sing along with carols and hear scripture readings in the log church. See cabins decorated with evergreens and candlelight. Sample Moravian treats and sweets and try your hand at candle-wrapping, making evergreen swags and folding Moravian stars. $7, $5/ages 60+, $4/ages 6–17, Free/ Ohio History Connection member or age 5 & under. 740.922.6776 or facebook. com/HistoricSchoenbrunnVillage

Christmas in Zoar SAT., DEC. 7 F 11 A.M.–7 P.M. SUN., DEC. 8 F NOON–4 P.M. Zoar Village, Zoar 4 Experience the charm and joys of an old-fashioned Christmas in historic Zoar Village, featuring musical entertainment, a juried craft show, museum tours, private-home tours and visits with Santa, Belsnickel and the Kristkind. Attend a Saturday evening candlelight church service in the 1853 Zoar Meeting House and a tree-lighting ceremony in the historic Zoar Garden. $10/ages 13+, Free/age 12 & under. 800.262.6195 or historiczoarvillage.com

NORTHWEST OHIOOHIO NORTHWEST

“Finding Her Voice” Book Club WEDS., NOV. 13 & DEC. 4 NOON–2 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 Read and discuss a variety of books about women’s history at this free book club. NOV. 13: The Debs of Bletchley Park by Michael Smith, untold stories of women who worked for allied intelligence in England during World War II. DEC. 4: Jane Eyre, the classic novel by Charlotte Bronte. Free. 800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org

Presidential History Book Club WEDS., NOV. 20 F NOON–1 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 Read biographies of U.S. presidents and enjoy lunch-hour discussions at this free book club. Bring your lunch if you like. NOV. 20: Traitor to His Class, by H.W. Brands, about President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Free.

800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org

“Hayes Train Special” Model Train Display FRI., NOV. 29–SUN., JAN. 5 F MON.– SAT. 9 A.M.–5 P.M., SUN. NOON–5 P.M. CLOSED CHRISTMAS DAY AND NEW YEAR'S DAY Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 See model trains running through a Victorian holiday scene. Use interactive buttons to control aspects of their movement along the winding, multi-tiered, 12x24-foot layout. Included with museum admission: $13, $10/ages 13–18, $5/ages 6–12, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under.

800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org

Kids Days @ Hayes SAT., DEC. 14 F 1–2 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 Kids Days at Hayes is an interactive, educational program for kids through age 12. This month, kids will create a Christmas craft and discover Victorian Christmas traditions, including how the Hayes family would have celebrated the season. $3. Advance registration required. 800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org

Hayes Home Holidays FRI., DEC. 20–SUN., DEC. 22 F 5–8 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 Make holiday memories!

Tour the historic Hayes Home in the evening and discover holiday traditions of President Rutherford B. Hayes and first lady Lucy Webb Hayes and descendants who lived in the Hayes Home until 1965.

See the Hayes Train Special model train display, too, and enjoy light refreshments. $25, $10/ages 6–18, Free/age 5 & under. Advance registration required.

800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org/events

Sleigh Rides Through Spiegel Grove THURS., DEC. 26–TUES., DEC. 31 1–4 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 Ride through the grounds of the 25-acre Hayes estate, Spiegel Grove, in a horse-drawn sleigh, as President

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Rutherford B. Hayes did when he lived there. South Creek Clydesdales will offer rides 1–4 P.M. daily Dec. 26–31.

Depending on demand and South Creek staff availability, a trolley seating 16–18 people may be used in addition to or in place of the four-seat sleigh. Sleigh: $5.50/rider ages 3 & older, Free/age 2 & under. Trolley: $4.50/rider ages 3 & older, Free/age 2 & under. Rides are on a first-come, first-served basis. Buy same-day tickets in the museum and library—no reservations. Rides take place whether or not there is snow, however, if the wind chill is zero or below or there are thunderstorms, rides will be canceled. For updates, visit rbhayes.org.

800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org

Model Train Clinic SAT., JAN. 4 F 1–4 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 As the holiday season nears its end, your cherished model train deserves a little special attention. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums can help ensure that your train is in tip-top shape for next year and beyond. Veteran model train hobbyists will be on hand to lead the clinic. They’ll assist you with advice related to model train maintenance and repair, as well as estimating the value of older model trains. Clinic will be canceled in the event of inclement weather. 800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org FEATURED EXHIBITS • • •

Women of Spiegel Grove THROUGH SUN., MARCH 29 F MON.– SAT. 9 A.M.–5 P.M. & SUN. NOON–5 P.M. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums, Fremont 4 See a special exhibit about the many women who played important roles at Spiegel Grove, estate of 19th president Rutherford B. Hayes and first lady Lucy Webb Hayes. Also shared is the national story of women in America, from the suffrage movement, to the pursuit of social and workplace equality, to the #MeToo movement.

This exhibit is part of Finding Her Voice, a program honoring the centennial of the 19th Amendment, which gave women the right to vote. Included with museum admission: $13, $10/ages 13–18, $5/ages 6–12, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under.

800.998.7737 or rbhayes.org Finding Her Voice is made possible in part by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities.

20 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

SOUTHEAST OHIO

Gallipolis in Lights & Our House Tavern 200th Anniversary Celebration WEDS., NOV. 27 F 6–9 P.M. Downtown Gallipolis & Our House Tavern 4 Join us for an old-fashioned Christmas in downtown Gallipolis and help celebrate the 200th anniversary of the Ohio History Connection’s Our House Tavern, now a museum. See Our House decorated for a Victorian Christmas and enjoy live dulcimer and guitar music, free hot chocolate, cookies and a special hot tea from A Pup and a Cup Tea Co. Free. 800.686.6124 or sarasheets3@gmail.com

Holiday Open House MON., DEC. 2 F 5:30 P.M.–8 P.M. John & Annie Glenn Museum, New Concord 4 Experience an old-fashioned Christmas at John Glenn’s boyhood home, where the main floor currently has a mid-century look and feel for the living history presentation 1962—The Year John Glenn Orbited Earth. Next year, the main floor will be transformed to its Depression-era appearance for 1937— The Life of an American Family During the Great Depression. 800.752.2602 or johnglennhome.org BROWN BAGGIN’ THRU HISTORY

Carolina Alvarez Lang Portrays Frances Gage FRI., DEC. 6 F NOON–1 P.M. Campus Martius Museum, Marietta See professional stage and film performer, writer, director and educator Carolina Alvarez Lang portray Ohio-born antislavery activist and women’s rights advocate Frances Gage (1808–1884).

This living history presentation is free thanks to the generous support of Washington County Public Library.

800.860.0145 or mariettamuseums.org

Holiday Open House SUN., DEC. 8 F 1–4 P.M. National Road & Zane Grey Museum, Norwich, between Zanesville and Cambridge 4 Make a buckeye necklace or pine cone bird feeder. These make great gifts for anyone, made especially by you! Free. 800.752.2602 or ohiohistory.org/nationalroad

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Holiday Train Display HAYES PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY & MUSEUMS, FREMONT, NOV. 29–JAN. 5

FEATURED EXHIBITS • • •

Celebrating the Pioneers THROUGH SUN., NOV. 1, 2020 MON.–SAT. 9:30 A.M.–5 P.M., SUN. NOON–5 P.M. Campus Martius Museum, Marietta See the museum’s newest exhibit, based on the new book The Pioneers by David McCullough. The Ordinance of 1787 opened a vast wilderness west of the Ohio River for settlement, spurring “Ohio fever.” Members of the Ohio Company of Associates, a real estate company formed in Massachusetts in 1786, led the way. Get a look at the lives and personalities of some of the people mentioned in the book, and see personal objects associated with them. Included with museum admission: $7, $4/ages 6–college with ID, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under.

800.860.0145 or mariettamuseums.org

Courtesy National Archives

Our House

Hayes Presidential Library & Museums

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Gallipolis in Lights & Our House Tavern 200th Anniversary Celebration

African Americans Fighting for a Double Victory

GALLIPOLIS, NOV. 27

NATIONAL AFRO-AMERICAN MUSEUM & CULTURAL CENTER, WILBERFORCE

SOUTHWEST OHIO

Scrapbooking Crop FRI., NOV. 1 F 9 A.M.–9 P.M. SAT., NOV. 2 F 9 A.M.–9 P.M. Adena Mansion & Gardens, Chillicothe It’s the perfect way to set aside time to assemble your scrapbooking memories amid convivial company and without interruption! We provide lunch, dinner and snacks, enabling you to concentrate on your scrapbooking skills. You’ll be set up with a personal six-foot table and also have electrical and Wi-Fi access.

Participating vendors will be on hand with interesting booths, and everyone will receive a welcome gift and be eligible for door prizes. $55/person per session. Advance registration required.

800.319.7248 or adenamansion.com

Visiting Uncle Tom’s Cabin WEDS., NOV. 6 & DEC. 4 HOUSE OPENS FOR TOURS AT 6 P.M. DISCUSSION BEGINS AT 7 P.M. Harriet Beecher Stowe House, Cincinnati NOV. 6: Indicting the North. If the antebellum South is a house haunted by slavery, the North is also far from perfect.

We’ll study the character Ophelia St. Clare in Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Thoreau’s essay “Slavery in Massachusetts.”

DEC. 4: We’ll read a Christmas story

by Harriet Beecher Stowe and contrast it with descriptions of Christmas for enslaved persons by Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs. Find

suggested readings for each session at stowehousecincy.org. Led by John Getz, professor emeritus, Xavier University, and John Douglass, professor emeritus, University of Cincinnati. Free.

800.847.6507 or stowehousecincy.org SPECIAL VETERANS DAY PROGRAM HISTORICALLY SPEAKING LECTURE SERIES

Buffalo Soldiers— A Quest for Freedom SAT., NOV. 9 F 12:30 P.M. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce 4 A century and a half ago, black soldiers known as “Buffalo Soldiers” changed the face of the military forever. Buffalo Soldiers—A Quest for Freedom chronicles the extraordinary story of these men and women and the military service they rendered. After the film, hear a panel discuss the influence of the Buffalo Soldiers on future African American military service. Included with museum admission: $6, $5/senior, $3/ ages 6–17, Free/Ohio History Connection member. 800.752.2603 or ohiohistory. org/naamcc

OHIO VILLAGE PRESENTS

Dec. 7, 8, 14 & 15 Sat. 5:30–9 p.m.

Sun. Noon–5 p.m.

Celebrate the spirit of holidays past!

ohiohistory.org/dickens

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Fort Ancient Earthworks & Nature Preserve

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Winter Solstice Sunrise

Retracing Ancient Pathways

FORT ANCIENT EARTHWORKS & NATURE PRESERVE, NEAR OREGONIA & LEBANON, DEC. 21

NEWARK EARTHWORKS, NOV. 2

SPECIAL EVENT

MARCH THROUGH TIME Sat., Nov. 9 • 10 a.m.–5 p.m.

OHIO HISTORY CENTER COLUMBUS What was it like to be a soldier back in the day? From Roman gladiators Gladiators to to World War II GIs, meet and talk with more than soldiers 20 soldiers of timesofpast! times past!

Included with museum admission.

Ohio History Connection members enjoy free admission.

22 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Express Yourself Saturdays

Holiday Wreath Workshop

SAT., NOV. 9 F 2:30 P.M. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce 4 Join Cincinnati artist Talitha Sydnei’a to create unique art. Program and art materials included with museum admission: $6, $5/ senior, $3/ages 6–17, Free/Ohio History Connection member. 800.752.2603 or ohiohistory.org/naamcc

SAT. DEC. 7 & SUN., DEC. 8 11 A.M.–4 P.M. Adena Mansion & Gardens, Chillicothe Decorate a traditional wreath with a live evergreen base, using dried flowers and fruits and other natural materials we’ll provide, gathered from the grounds of Adena, the 1807 home of early Ohio statesman Thomas Worthington. You are also welcome to bring mementos to personalize your wreath. $35. Advance registration and payment required by Dec. 6. 800.319.7248 or adenamansion.com

Breakfast with Santa SAT., DEC. 7 F 10 A.M.–NOON National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce 4 Have breakfast and meet Mr. and Mrs. Claus.

Get a photo with Santa and make holiday crafts together with your kids to take home. Advance registration required. $10/ adult, $6/ages 3–17, Free/ages 2 & under.

800.752.2603 or ohiohistory.org/naamcc

Holidays at Adena SAT. & SUN., DEC. 7–8 & 14–15 F 10 A.M.–4 P.M. WITH LAST TOUR AT 3 P.M. Adena Mansion & Gardens, Chillicothe While Adena Mansion & Gardens is closed for the winter season, it reopens for this special event featuring the 1807 home of early Ohio statesman Thomas Worthington decorated for the holidays.

See historic and modern traditions intertwined and enjoy family-friendly activities throughout the site, with special holiday-themed mansion tours every half hour beginning at 10:30 A.M., with the last tour at 3 p.m. $10, $5/ages 6–12.

800.319.7248 or adenamansion.com

Winter Solstice Sunrise SAT., DEC. 21 F 7–8 A.M. Fort Ancient Earthworks & Nature Preserve, near Oregonia & Lebanon Join astronomy lovers and history buffs at Fort Ancient Earthworks for the annual Winter Solstice Sunrise. Gates will open between 7:15 a.m. and 7:30 a.m. Be on hand to see the winter solstice sun rise like the American Indian community of Fort Ancient saw it as it rose between the earthen embankments there 2,000 years ago. The event marked the shortest day and longest night of the year and the official arrival of winter. 800.283.8904 or fortancient.org

Zoar Community Association

“““

AT THE

OHIO HISTORY CENTER & OHIO VILLAGE

BOOK YOUR PARTY TODAY!

Christmas in Zoar

614.298.2915 events@ohiohistory.org

ZOAR VILLAGE, DEC. 7–8

FEATURED EXHIBITS • • •

Art of Soul!

Juried Art Show

What’s in Your Attic? Selections from the Permanent Collection

THROUGH SAT., FEB. 29 WEDS.–SAT. 9 A.M.–4 P.M. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce 4 See a juried show of works by artists from across the U.S. that depict three themes related to the African diaspora and African American culture: Social Justice, Identity and Surroundings.

Included with museum admission: $6, $5/senior, $3/ages 6–17, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under. 800.752.2603 or ohiohistory. org/naamcc

ONGOING F WEDS.–SAT. 9 A.M.–4 P.M. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce 4 Opened in 1988, the Ohio History Connection’s National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center pioneered in preserving and presenting African American history and culture. See milestones of museum history and get a look at some of the fascinating history, art and pop culture items in our collection.

Included with museum admission: $6, $5/senior, $3/ages 6–17, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under. 800.752.2603 or ohiohistory.org/ naamcc

African Americans Fighting for a Double Victory

Behind the Mask— Black Power in Comics

ONGOING F WEDS.–SAT. 9 A.M.–4 P.M. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce 4 Explore the many ways African Americans served our country during World War II, and get a look at the impact black veterans had on postwar advances in civil rights. Included with museum admission: $6, $5/senior, $3/ages 6–17, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under. 800.752.2603 or ohiohistory. org/naamcc

ONGOING F WEDS.–SAT. 9 A.M.–4 P.M. National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center, Wilberforce Interest in black comic book characters is exploding, thanks to the hugely successful Marvel film Black Panther.

In this exhibit, explore the painful and triumphant history of African Americans in comic books. Included with museum admission: $6, $5/senior, $3/ages 6–17, Free/Ohio History Connection member or ages 5 & under. 800.752.2603 or ohiohistory.org/naamcc

OHIO HISTORY CONNECTION MEMBERS RECEIVE A 15% DISCOUNT ON FACILITY RENTALS.

WEDS.–SUN. • 10 A.M.–5 P.M. Open 10 a.m.–5 p.m. daily Dec. 26–Jan. 5

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24 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Cincinnati Museum Center

Cincinnati Union Terminal NOW IT’S SPECTACULAR!

C

incinnati Union Terminal rises over the Queen City’s West End neighborhood like a huge set for Gold Diggers of 1933.

The movie opened not long after the terminal did. If you’ve seen both, you may not need anything more to picture Busby Berkeley’s Gold Diggers dancing down the steps of the fountain terrace in front.

ODE TO MACHINE AGE ENGINEERING, TRAVEL AND THE ARTS Union Terminal was conceived in the heady days of the 1920s to bring together 13 different rail lines of seven different systems. It replaced five other passenger stations scattered across the city. The result is unforgettable. It merges the Machine Age interest in engineering and efficiency with the romance of travel and Cincinnati’s long tradition in the arts.

Many people worked on the design, planning and construction.

The New York City firm of Alfred Fellheimer and Steward Wagner served as architects for the $41 million terminal. They used the model of a half-funnel laid on its flat side to move passengers to and from trains quickly and efficiently.

The Art Deco details evolved after Union Terminal Co. hired Frenchborn Philadelphia architect Paul Cret to advise on aesthetics. A leading architect of the time, he’s believed to have influenced the move away from historical styles toward Art Deco. Less costly to build, the moderne style was thought more fitting, too, since trains and train stations were products of the Machine Age with no counterpart in ancient history.

Drawings show that the design continued to evolve toward Art Deco even after construction was underway.

Now a $228-million rehab and restoration has returned Cincinnati Union Terminal’s opening-day shine.

More than 2,400 craftspeople worked more than 900,000 hours on the National Historic Landmark’s first full structural rehab. Hamilton County voters made most of the project possible. In 2014, they passed a fiveyear, 0.25% sales tax with 62% approval. The tax generated about $175.7 million toward the work on Union Terminal.

Cincinnati Museum Center President and CEO Elizabeth Pierce says Left: Conservators climbed scaffolding in the rotunda to assess and restore these glass mosaic murals by Winold Reiss.

Pages 26–27: The terminal’s restored rotunda serves as the lobby of the Cincinnati Museum Center, a campus of museums.

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26 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Cincinnati Museum Center

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OHIOHIS TORY.ORG

of the strong voter support, “It’s the legacy of the building. Everyone’s had a moment here, a cherished memory. It’s a place where people have grown up and now bring their own families to share those memories.”

The project also benefited from a $5 million state capital grant and $7.5 million in private philanthropy.

The Ohio History Connection’s State Historic Preservation Office and the Ohio Development Services Agency administered a total of $40 million in federal and state historic preservation tax credits that also aided the work.

WHEN IT’S GONE, IT’S GONE The future hasn’t always been so rosy. Union Terminal served as many as 34,000 passengers a day during World War II. In the decades after the war, it became a victim of the steady decline in passenger rail service, as air travel grew.

In 1971, Amtrak came into being and consolidated 20 passenger railroads into one, reducing the number of Cincinnati passenger trains to two a day. The last passenger train left Cincinnati Union Terminal on Oct. 28, 1972. The vacant terminal faced an uncertain future at age 39.

In 1974, the concourse, a 450-foot-long waiting room bridging the tracks, was torn down to accommodate “piggyback” freight trains too tall to pass under it. Fourteen murals by German-born American artist Winold Reiss (1886–1953) that depict local industries like Baldwin Pianos, Crosley Broadcasting, Procter and Gamble and Rookwood Pottery were moved to the airport. What remained of Union Terminal stood almost all unused. Posters in support of preserving the terminal pictured it in rubble and admonished “When it’s gone…it’s gone.”

In the late 1970s, a Columbus developer invested in rehabbing what remained of Union Terminal as a shopping mall. It lasted fewer than five years, though bought time that helped Cincinnati Union Terminal survive into the 1980s.

A 1985 proposal put forward the idea of reusing Union Terminal as a campus of museums. In 1990, the terminal entered its present life as home of the Cincinnati Museum Center.

Over time, the concept has brought together the Cincinnati History Museum; Cincinnati History Library & Archives; Duke Energy Children’s Museum; Museum of Natural History & Science; Robert D. Lindner Family OMNIMAX Theater; and—in 2019—

28 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Courtesy Curt Teich Archive and Tom Wolf

the Nancy and David Wolf Holocaust & Humanity Center, all under one vast roof.

REVIEWED PLANS Through its State Historic Preservation Office, the Ohio History Connection has been involved with Cincinnati Union Terminal off and on in one capacity or another since 1972, when it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Mariangela Pfister, deputy state historic preservation officer and head of Technical Preservation Services for the Ohio History Connection, reviewed the recent project. It was no small task.

For more than two years, she stayed in contact with those on the ground in Cincinnati. She attended meetings to gain an understanding of the full scope of the project. She pored over pages of blueprints and specifications.

Her goal was to see that the finished project would qualify for the tax credits by meeting the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation. The standards are in use nationwide to encourage work on historic buildings that’s appropriate. That means that it doesn’t alter key character-defining features or cause irreversible damage.

MANY COMPONENTS “It was a little daunting to review a project like this one because the building is so significant and the project had so many different components,” Pfister says.

“But it was easy to work with the team that the Cincinnati Museum Center put together. They anticipated things that might be issues in advance, responded immediately to questions and sought to do the right thing preservation-wise. They definitely saw us as a partner committed to making the rehabilitation project a success. They understood that the tax credits are a benefit to assist in doing the work sensitively according to the Standards, and they made sure that happened.”

In a way, the landmark building is among the biggest objects in Cincinnati Museum Center collections.

Pierce says, “As a museum, we were already looking at those aspects that were unique, that gave Union Terminal its defining character.”

“Our goal is to let objects tell stories,” she adds.

“What stories does Union Terminal have to tell?

People are fascinated by its design, engineering and history.

“The guidance our curatorial and facilities teams received from historic preservation architects John G. Waite Associates and the Ohio History Connection’s State Historic Preservation Office helped us navigate the project in a responsible and thorough manner. We’re grateful for their expertise.”

Repairing steel damaged by eight decades of water and natural deterioration was a major priority.

Another was to make the building more efficient by updating its mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems.

“The mezzanine steel replacement was a heroic undertaking that showcased the crews’ ingenuity,” Pierce says. “But the real challenge was identifying the entire scope of work, then managing logistics and schedules to accomplish each of those tasks in a responsible and thorough manner.”

Pfister says, “This was a supremely complicated project. For example, part of the building that now houses the Children’s Museum—once a garage—is under the fountain.” To prevent water from leaking in, they had to take apart the fountain and terrace, then repair and waterproof the roofing below.

WANTED TO DO IT RIGHT Then concrete trucks rolled in to begin restoring the fountain. “They chose to finish the fountain with real terrazzo just like the original,” Pfister says.

The terrazzo is made of tiny chips of stone set in green mortar. “Even though a look-alike material may have been appropriate, they wanted to match the original as closely as possible,” she adds.

“Along the same lines, they repaired and restored the 1930s aluminum windows. They got glass for interior light fixtures from the original source. In the Newsreel Theatre, they matched the 1930s seat fabric. Their pride in this building and their commitment to sensitive rehabilitation was clear from the start.”

Cincinnati’s original surveyor named the town Losantiville. “Union Terminal’s Losantiville Dining Room has a floor made of polished terrazzo,” Pfister OHIOHIS TORY.ORG

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French-born American artist Pierre Bourdelle’s painted canvas murals, missing for decades, again ring the upper walls of the restored Losantiville Dining Room.

Detail, linoleum murals by Pierre Bourdelle in the women’s lounge.

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Cincinnati’s 1933 Union Terminal shines in the morning sunlight.

Brad Feinknopf, courtesy Cincinnati Museum Center

Brad Feinknopf, courtesy Cincinnati Museum Center

To repair the roof below it, workers removed and rebuilt the terrace and fountain in front of Cincinnati Union Terminal, then restored the lighting and colorful paving.

Cincinnati Museum Center OHIOHIS TORY.ORG

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Cincinnati Museum Center

Ohio History Connection Archival Collections

An artisan repairs one of the neon hands for Union Terminal’s 18-foot clock.

says. “Most of the seating was at lunch counters that are long gone and couldn’t be rebuilt. That presented a problem because the terrazzo flooring didn’t extend under the counters. To level the floor, they added terrazzo in a pattern that shows where the counters were.”

Art conservators restored 22 murals by French-born American artist Pierre Bourdelle (1901–1966). Painted on canvas, they’d been missing from the Losantiville Dining Room for decades. Conservators also restored Bourdelle’s lobby-ceiling murals.

In the 10-story rotunda, conservators spent months climbing scaffolds to look for loose or missing pieces of the huge mosaic-and-colored-stucco murals

by Winold Reiss. Then they cleaned and repaired them, revealing colors and details long obscured. “I absolutely love how the saturated colors just jump off the wall at you when you first walk in,” Pierce says.

PEOPLE WHO LOVE IT Pfister says “This project was strong because the building is amazing, because it had so much original material remaining to work with and because it had people involved who love it.” She adds, “The building itself is an exhibit.”

32 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Asked what she likes most about the result, Pierce says, “The building sparkles from the moment you walk past the fountain, look up at the stone and glass facade and pass through the front doors.

“And the community response has been overwhelming. The weekend we reopened, it was such a joy to watch guests crane their necks toward the rotunda ceiling for the first time in two-and-ahalf years.

“Watching generations come together to share their stories and this moment confirmed to us that we’d accomplished our goal.”

Preservationists differentiate between the terms rehabilitation and restoration. Rehabilitation means to bring a building up to date without necessarily restoring it. Restoration is to return a building to its exact state at a particular point in time. For many reasons, restoration is rarer.

“This project is at near-restoration level,” Pfister says. “They even restored Bourdelle’s carved linoleum murals in the women’s lounge. Who restores carved linoleum?! They went above and beyond. It was magnificent before.

Now it’s spectacular!” —EM

In October, Ohio History Connection Executive Director and CEO Burt Logan presented a State Historic Preservation Office Award recognizing Cincinnati Museum Center; Turner Construction Co.; GBBN Architects; John G. Waite Associates, Architects; and Facility Management and Planning Services LLC for their work on Union Terminal.

Learn more at ohiohistory.org/hpawards. Watch for more award recipients in the January & February 2020 Echoes Magazine.

TIMELINE 1927 Cincinnati Union Terminal Co. formed.

1929 Work begins in August. Stock market crashes in late October.

1931 Cornerstone laid in November.

1933 Terminal designed LEARN MORE

See for yourself what Cincinnatians love about Union Terminal. Located at 1301 Western Ave., it’s open 10 a.m.–5 p.m. daily except Christmas and Thanksgiving.

Enjoy free Rotunda Tours at set times on weekends.

Cincinnati Heritage Program Tours offer an in-depth look with paid tickets in advance. Find more about Cincinnati Museum Center at cincymuseum.org or call 800.733.2077.

Show your Ohio History Connection membership card for reduced-price Time Travelers admission to the Cincinnati History Museum.

Explore vintage photos of Cincinnati Union Terminal plus an online exhibit at myunionterminal.com.

Visiting the Queen City? See nine Winold Reiss murals of Cincinnati industries from the Union Terminal concourse. Recently moved from the airport, where they were taken in 1973, they’re on display at Duke Energy Convention Center downtown. Find them behind glass facing Central Avenue between West Fifth and West Sixth streets, where you can see them 24/7. They’re big—each 20 feet by 20 feet—so they’re best appreciated from the sidewalk on the west side of Central. Get an up-close look and read more about each one from the sidewalk on the east side of Central.

for 216 trains and 17,000 passengers a day opens and is featured in Architectural Forum.

1944 Terminal averages 34,000 passengers a day.

1953 Terminal serves 51 passenger trains a day.

1962 Terminal serves 24 passenger trains a day.

1971 National Railroad Passenger Corp. (Amtrak) begins. Cincinnati service is reduced to two trains a day.

1972 Last passenger train leaves Union Terminal.

Terminal added to National Register of Historic Places.

1973 14 mosaic murals from the concourse are relocated to the airport.

Get a quick look at pop culture of the year when Union Terminal opened. Watch the trailer for Busby Berkeley’s Gold Diggers of 1933. You won’t see Union Terminal, though you’ll probably see what we mean about dancers on the fountain terrace. Catch the trailer at ohiohistory.org/center1.

1974 New York Times architecture critic Ada Louise Huxtable calls Union Terminal “unparalleled” as an example of its style.

Concourse waiting room is demolished.

Take a look at what it was like to travel by train at the time Cincinnati Union Terminal opened in Rhapsody of the Rails, a 1933 film short. Search “Rhapsody of the Rails” or visit ohiohistory.org/center2.

1975 City of Cincinnati buys Union Terminal and its contents for $2 (yes, $2) and its site for $1 million.

It doesn’t stop with Union Terminal—Cincinnati’s a center for Art Deco! Preview more Art Deco landmarks on Cincinnati Refined at ohiohistory.org/center3.

1977 Cincinnati Union Terminal is named a National Historic Landmark.

1980 After a $20 million rehab, Union Terminal reopens as a shopping mall.

1984 Mall closes.

In 1985, the anchor tenant leaves.

1985 Campus of museums proposed.

1986 Union Terminal Association formed to further preservation.

Hamilton County voters approve a $33 million bond issue for Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal.

1990 Union Terminal reopens as Cincinnati Museum Center.

1991 Amtrak returns passenger service to Union Terminal.

1998 Duke Energy Children’s Museum added.

2004 Hamilton County voters approve a five-year operating levy and, in 2009, extend it.

2014 Hamilton County voters pass a five-year sales tax to generate $175.7 million toward the $228-million project.

2016 Construction gets underway.

2017 Ohio Development Services Agency awards $5 million in Ohio Historic Preservation Tax Credits.

2018 Rehabbed and restored Cincinnati Museum Center reopens in November.

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From Ohio History Connection Archival Collections

34 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Library of Congress

Mary Ann Bickerdyke MOTHER TO THE BOYS IN BLUE

M

ost students of American history know that Clara Barton was a nurse during the Civil War. Some may know that Louisa May Alcott was, too. But few know the name of Mary Ann “Mother” Bickerdyke, a Mount Vernon, Ohio, native who ministered to wounded and diseased soldiers throughout the war and advocated for veterans for decades until her death in 1901.

Bickerdyke first learned of the plight of Union soldiers in a June 1861 sermon by Edward Beecher, pastor of the First Congregational Church in Galesburg, Illinois, and brother of Henry Ward Beecher and Harriet Beecher Stowe. Soldiers at a Union camp in Cairo, Illinois, were dying there not from battle wounds, Beecher explained, but from disease and malnutrition.

The congregation collected more than $500 worth of food, clothing and medical supplies and enlisted Bickerdyke to travel with the donations to Cairo, where she quickly made a name for herself as a strong-willed, no-nonsense nurse beloved by generals and soldiers alike. She is described in accounts of her life variously as “the Cyclone in Calico,” “a juggernaut” and “America’s Florence Nightingale.”

Above: Mary Ann Bickerdyke wrote this letter outlining her family’s genealogy to a family member in December 1897.

At the time of Beecher’s sermon, Bickerdyke had been recently widowed and her daughter had died, leaving her to fend for herself and her two boys. She couldn’t have left Galesburg were it not for a wealthy benefactor who offered to take care of her sons while she was in Cairo. With the exception of a few brief visits home, she would not see her sons again until after the war.

A LETTER HOME On Jan. 3, 1864, she wrote a plaintive letter to the woman charged with raising her boys: “My Dear Mrs. Nichols: I hope you received the forty dollars I sent you several weeks since,” she wrote. “Will you not write soon, and have the children write to their mother! I hope they are good boys and do not give you unnecessary trouble. God will

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Gregory C. Peterson

Mary Ann “Mother” Bickerdyke nurses a wounded soldier in this memorial statue, dedicated in Galesburg, Illinois, in June 1904.

At the dedication, Illinois governor Richard Yates Jr. said of Bickerdyke, “She sang songs of home and heaven to dying men, while shot and shell fell in the midst of her field hospital.”

bless you in your good work of training these dear children under your care.”

all I can for every miserable creature who comes in my way; he is always sure of two friends, God and me.”

As soon as Bickerdyke reached Cairo, she understood the gravity of the situation. The soldiers were poorly fed and those who were wounded lay in filthy bandages, if they had bandages at all. She once told a colleague of her heartbreak at seeing “flies alight on the soldiers’ open wounds.”

After Cairo, Bickerdyke became the chief of nursing under Grant’s command and later followed William Tecumseh Sherman’s March to the Sea. The table of contents of Margaret B. Davis’s 1896 book, Mother Bickerdyke and the Soldiers: The Woman Who Battled for the Boys in Blue, gives readers an idea of the scope of the nurse’s activities, from Fort Donelson to Shiloh, Corinth to Memphis.

Her first order of business in Cairo was obtaining bathtubs (hogshead casks sawn in two) so that the soldiers might be clean. By the time she left Cairo to follow Ulysses S. Grant’s army to Vicksburg, her hospital there was deemed the cleanest facility in the country.

Dr. J.J. Woodward, a surgeon with the 22nd Illinois Infantry at Cairo, was initially grudging of Bickerdyke’s presence in camp, though he eventually came to view her as “strong as a man, muscles of iron, nerves of finest steel, sensitive, but self-reliant, kind and tender, seeking all for others, nothing for herself.”

THE WORK OF THE LORD Her mission was, from her perspective, quite simple: “I have a commission from the Lord God Almighty to do

36 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

At Memphis, Bickerdyke achieved her most famed—at the time—success. She was given permission to travel north in search of 1,000 hens and 100 cows to provide her “boys” with a steady diet of eggs and milk. She brought her brood back south and housed them on President’s Island, directly west of Memphis, hiring fugitives from slavery to care for the animals.

Bickerdyke wasn’t much for military procedure. She identified a problem or a need and then she took action, the consequences be damned. A story that appears in most of the accounts of her service is of someone complaining to Sherman about her, to which the general replied, “She outranks me. I can’t do a thing in the world.” Sherman suggested his visitor take his complaint instead to Abraham Lincoln.

Library of Congress

Gregory C. Peterson

Left: Bickerdyke was buried in Linwood Cemetery in Galesburg, Illinois, in November 1901. Right: This photographic portrait of Mary Ann Bickerdyke was made by S.M. Fassett in Chicago in 1863.

REMEMBERING MOTHER As the decades passed after the end of the Civil War, Bickerdyke became almost mystical in the memory of some soldiers. In his Civil War diary, Ohioan Edwin Witherby Brown recalled a nighttime scene: Bickerdyke making her way across a battlefield carrying a lantern in search of soldiers who might be alive among the dead.

In Brown’s retelling of the story, Bickerdyke had gone five days without sleep and was forced into her bed on the sixth day by the surgeon in charge. No sooner had she laid her head down, however, than she sprang up and marched onto the battlefield.

“Speaking of this occurrence afterward,” Brown writes, “she said something told her after she had lain down that there were two live men out there and ‘all I did was to go out and find them.’” One of the two men, according to Brown, was still living in Wisconsin at the time of his writing.

By the time the war was over, Bickerdyke had improvised 300 hospitals and aided the wounded on 19 battlefields. She resigned from the Union army in 1866, but before she did, at Gen. Sherman’s request, she rode at the head of XV Corps in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington, DC. —EM

She identified a problem or a need and then she took action, the consequences be damned.

LEARN MORE

Learn more about Mary Ann Bickerdyke at Ohio History Central, ohiohistorycentral.org, our online encyclopedia of Ohio history.

For an overview of the subject, check out “Civil War Nurses: Information and Articles About Civil War Nurses, One of the Many Roles Filled

by Women of the Civil War” at historynet.com/ civil-war-nurses Ohioan Edwin Witherby Brown’s Civil War diary includes a closing chapter, “A Tribute to Mother Bickerdyke.” You can see the diary in the thirdfloor research room at the Ohio History Center in Columbus. Ask to see VOL 1230 and 1231.

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Lloyd E. Divine Jr.

EDITOR’S NOTE It is believed that in 1623, Samuel de Champlain and Father Gabriel Sagard first used the name Huron in text. The name is derogatory and was given to all the Native peoples of New France in present day Ontario, Canada. The name reflected the Frenchmen’s belief that all of the Natives were savage and uncouth. Somewhere around 1660, the name Huron Tribe came to represent an amalgamation of three dispersed Ontario Iroquoian tribes who, in less 38 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

than 100 years, would also come to be known as the Wyandot Tribe. A variation of the name Wyandot first appears in a 1748 journal entry of Conrad Weiser, a Pennsylvania Dutchman. A spelling variation of Wyandot is Wyandotte, which reflects a French influence. Today, when studying the Wyandot people it is imperative that both names, HuronWyandot, be used to properly identify a people who are known in history by two separate and nonrelated names.

On the Back of a Turtle Leonard Nicholas Cotter Jr.

THE HURON-WYANDOT LEGACY

F

rom its first issue in 1887, the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society Quarterly maintained a strong interest in Native American topics.

DeGolyer Library, Southern Methodist University

It’s noteworthy, though, that non-Native Americans authored virtually all of this scholarship, including stories relating to one of Ohio’s smallest but most respected and influential tribes, the Wyandot.

It took more than a century, but this year that was finally overcome with the publication of Trillium Press’s On the Back of a Turtle: A Narrative of the Huron-Wyandot People by Lloyd E. Divine Jr. The author is a citizen of the Wyandotte Nation, a federally recognized tribe, and a long-time member of the tribe’s cultural committee.

Left: According to wyandotte-nation. org, the turtle “signifies the ancient belief that the world was created on the back of a turtle, the ‘moss-back turtle,’ also known as the snapping turtle.”

Top: Bertrand Nicholas Oliver Walker was the chief clerk of the Quawpaw Indian Agency in the northeastern corner of Oklahoma. He was interested in preservation of HuronWyandot culture but was concerned: “The prospective field for research here is almost barren; yet it is the sole remaining place where even a shred of anything pertaining to the past of the Wyandots can be found.”

Bottom: Leonard Nicholas Cotter Sr. served as chief of the Wyandot from 1936 to 1942, from 1948 to 1954 and from 1964 until his death in 1976.

On the Back of a Turtle is an all-inclusive history of the HuronWyandot people, beginning with their creation story of the Great Island, now called North America. While preparing this first full-length history of the Huron-Wyandot people—italicized to distinguish from other groups unwittingly called Huron—Divine recognized how misinformed many of his own tribal citizens were about their history. In response, he created a compelling and informative volume in a conversational and easily read style.

A native of Wyandotte, Oklahoma, Divine began researching his book in 1989 and chose the title because of the turtle’s deep meaning to Huron-Wyandot people. William E. Connelley, an early student of the tribe’s culture, commented in 1899 that “The turtle idea was interwoven with the whole social and political fabric of Wyandot institutions.”

Divine agreed to answer several questions posed to him by Echoes Magazine.

Echoes: You indicate that sorting out the many conflicting names for your people was one of the primary reasons for writing your book.

LD: The confusion regarding our tribal name comes from the fact we do not know the name our three parent tribes called themselves. In 1652, three remnant Ontario Iroquoian tribes fled their homelands to avoid adoption into the Iroquois Confederacy. The name Huron comes from old French slang which implies ‘ruffian’ Early French

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Trillium Press

Mononcue was a chief and one of the first of the Wyandots to convert to Methodism in the first half of the 19th century.

explorers called all the Native tribes of New France Hurons. The name is derogatory and refers to a rustic, savage and ignorant people. In 1660, the remnant tribes were discovered in the Wisconsin wilderness by French explorers. These refugees were Iroquoian and came out of the Jesuit Huron Mission; therefore, they were Huron and named the Huron Tribe. In 1747, there was a disagreement within the Huron Tribe. A clan segment moved into the Ohio Country, where on Sept. 6, 1748, they encountered Col. Conrad Weiser, an Englishman.

Weiser in his journal identified these people as Wondats. In time, Wondat came to be spelled as Wyandot. The Hurons and Wyandots are one tribe.

However, depending upon the time frame, they were known as the Huron Tribe or the Wyandot Tribe. Today, the historic Huron and Wyandot tribes are the Wyandotte Nation.

Echoes: In an early Quarterly article, Columbus attorney and historian Edward Livingston Taylor (1839–1910) argued ‘that the cruel and vindictive acts of the Indians‘ were largely a response to similar actions by white men.

LD: The Gnadenhutten Massacre and Battle of Sandusky are arguably the two best examples.

During the Revolutionary War, the Americans were convinced that the Indians were using the

40 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Moravian Delaware village of Gnadenhutten as a staging area to attack the frontier. During these attacks, there was much loss of life and property.

The response by the Americans was no different than the killings being perpetrated by the Indians.

On March 8, 1782, the Americans, commanded

by Col. David Williamson, attacked the village and murdered 96 Christian Delaware Indians.

The Americans then organized a full invasion of Sandusky (now Upper Sandusky), the Wyandot village on the Sandusky River. The expedition was commanded by Col. William Crawford, with Williamson as his second in command. During the battle, Crawford was captured and Williamson escaped to safety. The Delaware had hoped to catch Williamson and take their revenge. Instead, they applied their full wrath upon Crawford. On June 11, 1782, Crawford was tortured and burned at the stake for the heinous crime perpetrated by Williamson at Gnadenhutten.

Echoes: With your own ancestor, Mononcue, as an example, you suggest that the acceptance of Christianity changed the Huron-Wyandot forever.

What were the impacts on the hearts of the tribe?

LD: Arthur Schomburg in ‘Two Negro Missionaries’ best described the Wyandots when John Stewart, a Methodist missionary, arrived at their reservation in Ohio. Schomburg—and I do not disagree—described the Wyandots as ‘the most abandoned and vicious tribe, having sunk in the most degrading vices such as drunkenness, lewdness and gambling, until many of them became the most debauched and worthless of their race.‘ In 1816 they were far more dangerous than during the Border Wars. Mononcue, my ancestor, was clan chief of the Little Turtles and chief speaker of the clan’s mothers. Mononcue initially stood in opposition to Christianity.

Mononcue was very influential, and within less than a year, he converted to Christianity with many citizens following his lead. If it had not been for Christianity, it’s likely the Wyandots would have actively resisted removal from Michigan and Ohio while in a drunken stupor. During this war, they could have easily been destroyed as a people.

Because of Christianity, the Huron-Wyandots forever changed, and were preserved as a people.

Echoes: Can you discuss the Methodist mission to the Huron-Wyandot at Upper Sandusky?

LD: In 1819, after observing the successes

obtained by Stewart, the Methodists sent Rev. James B. Finley to aide Stewart’s missionary efforts. The Methodists also utilized a vague clause in the Wyandot Treaty of 1817. The clause stated, ‘One of the said sections is to be appropriated to the use of a missionary.’

This agreement with the Wyandots allowed for the U.S. government’s monetary support of Finley’s missionary efforts. Initially, Finley came among the Wyandots as both a Methodist missionary and a pseudo-employee of the Department of War. In History of the Wyandott Mission, Finley gives an example of the government funds provided in 1826, which totaled $2,454.47. As Finley labored among the Wyandots, he fell in love with the people, and quickly became their advocate, standing in opposition to removal.

In a letter dated Dec. 15, 1825, to Gen. Lewis Cass, Finley stated, ‘To remove them just at this time, contrary to their wishes, would be, in my judgment, a most cruel act. It would be undoing what has been done, and throwing them again into a savage state.’

Echoes: As principal chief of the Ohio Wyandot in 1840, Summundowat resisted pressure from the federal government to remove the tribe west of the Mississippi River. What were the circumstances of his death and how did it affect the Wyandot?

LD: In December 1840, Summundowat was returning to Upper Sandusky after a raccoon hunt in the Black Swamp of northwestern Ohio. One evening as he, along with a niece and nephew, was preparing a meal, two men entered their camp. The men appeared to be friendly, lost and hungry. Summundowat invited them in for food and rest. As Summundowat and his nephew slept, the two guests arose and, with camp axes, smashed the sleeping men’s heads. Summundowat’s niece experienced the same fate. The three Wyandots were then hacked into pieces and left for wild animals to devour. The destroyed bodies were found the next day. The murderers had failed to cover their trail and were promptly followed, captured and jailed; however, the murderers escaped. It has been said Summundowat was killed over raccoon pelts and hunting dogs. I personally believe the men were hired assassins, who, after fulfilling their contract, were released

to hide the identity of their employer. The death of Summundowat was a devastating blow to the morale of the Wyandots. It was then they came to realize that resisting removal, after the assassination of a Christian chief, was no longer an option.

Echoes: Once the Wyandot obtained a legitimate claim to lands in Kansas, how were they drawn into the sectional crisis over slavery?

LD: The Wyandots were not drawn into the crisis—they created the crisis. By October 1848, they came to realize their newly purchased land would soon be coveted by the whites. Therefore, they reassembled the tribes of the old Northeast Confederacy and began the process of establishing an official U.S. territory for the Indians, governed by the Indians. The problem was twofold: The Indians were not U.S. citizens, and the Missouri Compromise forbade the addition of any new territories. The Wyandots began to form their new territory in secret; however, their plan was discovered and the State of Missouri took action.

The Wyandots had intended for their new territory to be a free state. Kansas and Nebraska were added as free territories after the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 repealed the Missouri Compromise. The Wyandot desire to create a territory for the Indians governed by the Indians was forever disrupted.

But the organizing role taken by the Wyandots reflected their place among multiple tribes as the official “Keepers of the Council Fire,” a status that continues to be recognized among American Indians.

Lloyd E. Divine Jr. is a citizen of the Wyandotte Nation who has served on his tribe’s cultural committee for more than 25 years.

November is National Native American Heritage Month.

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I think you should check this out. You’ll like it.

42 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Ohio Roller Derby A CLASSIC SPORT GETS A MAKEOVER

I

n 2006, Kara Penniman was living and working in Eugene, Oregon, completely unaware of roller derby, a sport from a bygone era that was on the cusp of a renaissance.

“My sister went to see the roller derby team in Baltimore, Charm City, and she called me right away and said, ‘I think you should check this out. You’ll like it.’ So I went with a group of friends to see the team up in Portland, about two hours north,” she says.

It was love at first jam.

“I loved the athleticism of the women. I loved that it was a full-contact sport. I loved that it featured roller skating. I knew immediately it was a community I wanted to be a part of,” she says.

Her friends asked her if she’d like to travel back to Portland to watch the Rose City Rollers play again sometime.

“I told them, ‘I don’t want to watch. I want to play.’ I took an ad out on Craigslist and asked for anyone who was interested to meet me over at the roller rink to start a team,” she says. “The first week, six women showed up. The next week, 12, the week after that 24.”

BERNADEATH Penniman, who skated and now coaches under the pseudonym Bernadeath, was instrumental in launching a team in Eugene, the Emerald City Roller Girls, locating a practice space, forming a board of directors and splitting into several different teams.

Ohio Roller Derby blockers get the fans pumped up with “power poses” in their game against Charm City at the 2018 WFTDA (Women’s Flat Track Derby Association) Continental Cup-East.

In 2012, she moved to Columbus to be closer to her family and tried out immediately for the Ohio Roller Girls, which changed its name to the Ohio Roller Derby in 2016. Penniman has either skated for or coached Ohio Roller Derby ever since.

All images courtesy of Ohio Roller Derby

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Ohio Roller Derby jammer Pain Train pushes her way past Treasure Valley (Boise, Idaho) blockers at the 2017 WFTDA (Women’s Flat Track Derby Association) Division 2 playoffs.

“Columbus’s team was far more internationally competitive than where I came from,” she says. “The level of training, the intensity of practice, the crazy travel schedule. But I was excited to give it a try.”

A year after her arrival, Penniman’s team made it to the international championships by defeating St. Louis and Montreal in the playoffs. Despite entering the championships as the underdog, Ohio beat Seattle before losing to Gotham Girls Roller Derby out of New York City.

In early 1938, Seltzer asked Runyon to come watch his fledgling sport in Miami. Sportswriter Frank Deford, in his book Five Strides on the Banked Track: The Life and Times of the Roller Derby, recounts, “A few of the players happened to tangle up with each other in a tight spot on a speed jam, and Runyon liked the unofficial contact.”

Seltzer told Deford, “So Runyon leaned over after a while, and he said, ‘You know, Seltzer, you ought to incorporate that into the game’”

The word most commonly used to describe modern roller derby is “grassroots.” The women involved canvassed their town for players, owned and operated their own teams and, most important, shared their hard-earned knowledge with other teams and leagues.

According to Deford, Seltzer never cared much for the roller derby of the early 1970s, which featured scripted, theatrical matches replete with villains and heroes. He’d like what Penniman and these athletes have done since the early 2000s, returning roller derby to its roots as a sport, not a spectacle.

“When we started, nobody knew about YouTube and people were still on MySpace. Some of us didn’t know how to skate. We didn’t know what a practice should look like. All we knew is we wanted to get better,” Penniman says. “And players from Portland would come down and teach us what to do.”

WE ARE A SPORT

ORIGINATED IN THE 1930s Roller derby has its origins in the banked-track roller-skating marathons of the 1930s. Promoter Leo Seltzer and newspaperman Damon Runyon are credited with developing roller derby as the competitive sport it became in the 1940s and 1950s.

44 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

“When I was in Eugene, we always measured success as a league by if we made it into the sports section rather than the community social calendar.

We cross-train. We practice four times a week. We are a sport,” she says.

Penniman is most proud of the young women Ohio Roller Derby has nurtured in her sport.

“It’s super fun to watch junior skaters in middle and high school matriculate to an adult league,” she says. “And to see that they are at a skill level that exceeds what roller derby looked like when I first started out in 2006.”

The Women’s Flat Track Derby Association has been the governing body of the sport since it was founded in 2004. According to its mission statement, the association "promotes and fosters the sport of women’s flat track roller derby by facilitating the development of athletic ability, sportsmanship and goodwill among member leagues."

The move from banked tracks to flat tracks is one of the reasons the sport has taken off in the past 15 years.

“Banked tracks were expensive and had to be set up and broken down after every event,” Penniman says.

“Now all we need is a space and some tape and we can mark off a track.”

LEARN MORE

Visit the Ohio Roller Derby website at ohiorollerderby.com and watch a short video, Roller Derby 101, at ohiohistory.org/roller1 Frank Deford’s Five Strides on the Banked Track: The Life and Times of the Roller Derby is most readily available as an e-book at either amazon. com or barnesandnoble.com The Ohio Roller Derby will host a holiday bout between Team Christmas and Team Halloween at 5 p.m. on Sat., Nov. 30, in the Lausche Building at the Ohio Expo Center in Columbus. For information, call 614.859.6474.

The Women’s Flat Track Derby Association initially featured 20 leagues. It now represents 468 full member leagues and 46 apprentice leagues.

“Roller derby represents a group of people coming together to nurture one another. That’s the ethos and spirit of it,” Penniman says. “Physically. Spiritually.

Emotionally. That’s what we work on. And we want to do good in our communities, to give back.” —EM

Below: Ohio Roller Derby blocker Amy Spears gears up for a hit on a Charm City (Baltimore) Roller Girls jammer as she attempts to break the pack. Referees keep a close eye on the competitors to assess points and penalties.

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I Wish I’d Been There W H E N T H E M I L L E R C I T Y W I L D C AT S WO N T H E S TAT E B A S K E T B A L L C H A M P I O N S H I P BY A N DY V E R H O F F

Putnam County’s Miller City Wildcats won the state basketball championship in 1950, the culmination of a perfect 29–0 season.

Although a lot of schools before and after won championships and went undefeated, Miller City’s victory stands out for all the obstacles the team overcame on the court.

During the 1949–1950 season, 1,130 Ohio schools had basketball teams, with about a third in the Ohio High School Athletic Association’s Class A division for communities larger than 2,500. The overwhelming majority were Class B schools, whose community populations were under 2,500. Miller City and New Cleveland, whose schools had been consolidated, were in rural Palmer Township. According to the 1950 census, their populations were 144 and 926, respectively. Miller CityNew Cleveland school district had a total high school enrollment of 84 students, only 36 of whom were boys. A dozen of them were on the varsity basketball squad.

RARE COMPANY Their 29–0 perfect record ranks the Wildcats with only one other team, the 1934 Lawrence County Waterloo Wonders. Miller City’s record was also distinctive as the only Class B team between 1941 and 1956 with an undefeated season.

Award-winning sportswriter Dave Hanneman recounted Miller City’s championship season game by game in his page-turner, Wildcats.

46 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

shooters. The team’s field-goal average was a startling 66%, and they also made 80% of their free throws.

By comparison, the NBA’s best shooting team during the 2018–2019 season, the Milwaukee Bucks, shot 48% from the field and 78% at the line.

Dan Kern’s booklet, 1950 Tribute Program to the Class B State Champions of Ohio, compiles contemporary newspaper stories and reminiscences that historians like me love to devour. Perusing both left me wishing for a time machine to experience the 1950 Wildcats season.

The relatively diminutive stature of the Wildcats resulted in them often being cast as underdogs, especially as they moved up the tournament ladder. Sportswriters labeled them the “Mighty Mites” or the “Cinderella Kids.” No matter what they were called, they kept winning, led by firstyear coach and high school history teacher C. Norris Simpson—dubbed the “Holler Guy” for his animated coaching style.

RULES WERE DIFFERENT THEN

THE HOME COURT ADVANTAGE

The squad would have been exciting to watch because high school basketball was different then. Each quarter of a game started with a jump ball, and there were no threepoint shots or even a shot clock. Like other teams, Miller City used the rules to stall on offense and hold a lead until the final buzzer.

Most sportswriters at the time and wags from bigger cities were taken aback by the home court of the Wildcats, nicknamed “The Barn.”

While the rim height and distance to the free throw line were the same as today’s (10 feet from the floor and 15 feet from the rim), courts varied in size depending on school facilities.

Miller City’s gym was described by sportswriters as a “match box” or a “cracker box” at approximately 35 feet wide, 55 feet deep and a mere 18 feet high. According to scorekeeper and statistician Leo Lammers, The Barn “got so much publicity at the end of the season and during the state tournament that it should have become a state historic site.” Newspaper stories about the tournament games claimed that high school students built The Barn in 1923. Whatever the case, it was the home court of 24-year-old Coach Simpson and his teenage charges.

The Wildcats, however, relied on talent and hard work more than on exploiting rule advantages.

My mom’s time as a cheerleader for Putnam County League rival Blanchard High School overlapped with some of Miller City’s players.

She remembers guard Junior McDonald was only 5 feet 6 inches tall but very quick. “He got the ball and dribbled downcourt,” she recalls, “before Blanchard’s squad knew he had it.”

SMALL BUT MIGHT Y The other starters were also under 6 feet tall, except for forward Dick Barlage, who was 6 foot 1, and center Ralph “Skip” Meyer at 6 foot even. Other players included forward Joe Lammers (5 feet 8 inches) and guard Frank Schroeder (5 feet 6 inches). They weren’t tall, but they were fast and deadly accurate

The main entrance to The Barn was on the east side of the building through a foyer where fans bought tickets. Entering the court, they found places to sit in one of the two rows of bleachers, or in seats on the stage at the west end.

Maximum capacity was estimated

Photos: Joe Lammers Collection

The day after the game, Coach Simpson drove one of the cars—with many of the team crammed into the seats—from Columbus back to Putnam County. After a brief stop in the coach’s hometown of Findlay, the caravan wound its way through communities in Putnam County.

between 150 and 175. As the team’s undefeated record grew, as many as 500 fans reputedly crowded in.

Their feet sometimes obscured the out-of-bounds lines and rounded the court’s edges. Two coal-fired stoves at opposite ends heated the building, but even with protective metal rings, fans and players still had to be careful not to get burned.

The Barn’s one locker room and its three showers were reserved for the

visiting team. The Wildcats changed into their well-worn uniforms in their school next door and ran, Coach Simpson remembered, “50 to 100 feet” through the winter nights to the gym. Surprisingly, The Barn is still in use as the Miller City Sportsmen Club.

As a boy in the 1970s, I attended many weddings and polka dances there. I ran all over the floor with no clue that state champion b-ballers played there. I wish I’d been there when they did.

Following their first state championship in March 1950, the Miller City Wildcats and Coach Simpson celebrated on the floor of the State Fairgrounds Coliseum. In all the excitement, they forgot to cut down the basketball net, but with the help of another team, retrieved it the following morning.

Andy Verhoff is on the Ohio History Connection’s Local History staff. He oversees the Ohio History Fund Grants program and Ohio Historical Markers program.

LEARN MORE

An Ohio Historical Marker commemorating the “Cinderella Kids” stands at the entrance to Miller CityNew Cleveland High School’s newest gymnasium, which was built in 2003.

Joe Lammers led the effort to erect the marker. As a son of the county and a graduate of Miss Dewar’s Miller CityNew Cleveland kindergarten class, Andy Verhoff took great pleasure in working with him. The marker was dedicated in February 2010 before a home basketball game against the Columbus Grove Bulldogs. Miller City won the game 50– 46. You can see the Miller City Wildcats marker and all other Ohio Historical Markers online at remarkableohio.org.

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Toledo Early College High School

Toledo Early College High School students Jarah Gibson, left, and Kayla Mason, right, traveled to Cincinnati to interview Martha Stephens, author of The Treatment: The Story of Those Who Died in the Cincinnati Radiation Tests.

The students spent more than an hour searching the grounds of the University of Cincinnati Medical Center for the memorial to victims of the radiation tests.

Our Young Eyes on the Past feature is usually written by Ohio History Day competition winners as a way of showcasing their projects. We’re departing from that in this issue to talk to two social studies teachers, Anthony Catale and Randy Nissen, who’ve been deeply committed to their schools’ participation in History Day.

When the experimental Toledo Early College High School opened its doors in the fall of 2005, teacher Randy Nissen moved quickly to make “History Day the centerpiece of our curriculum.”

Ohio History Day is a program presented every year by the Ohio History Connection and National History Day. Middle and high school students choose historical topics, identify the significance of their chosen topics and begin to see the relevance of history in modern society. Each year, Ohio History Day connects with more than 10,000 Ohio students and 1,800 teachers.

Ohio History Day G A I N I N G S K I L L S T H AT WILL L AST A LIFETIME

YO U N G E Y E S O N T H E PA S T A N I N T E RV I E W W I T H S O C I A L S T U D I E S T E AC H E R S A N T H O N Y C ATA L E A N D R A N DY N I S S E N 48 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

“For us, History Day is a yearlong process,” Nissen says. “The first day of class we show the students a resource casebook and ask them to investigate a topic and provide us with an annotated bibliography. The goal is to give our kids the tools they need in their historian’s toolbox, the tools they’ll need to succeed at the college level.”

PAYING OFF The dividends can be striking.

“Our students who are already taking college classes come back and tell us, ‘Some of the college kids don’t even know what a primary or secondary source is!’“ Anthony Catale teaches social studies at John F. Kennedy High

John F.Kennedy High School

School in Warren. He says History Day has been central to teaching and learning about history at the high school for five years.

“Part of the state social studies standards for Ohio require us to teach what primary and secondary sources are and how to find them,” Catale says. “It also asks us to help students to synthesize that data and report out on it.

“I’ve found no better way to teach to those requirements than to have our students participate in History Day. I love the fact that History Day offers a menu of options— exhibits, performances, websites, documentaries or traditional papers—that they can employ to present their sources.”

Nissen says that the most interesting and rewarding topics his students have explored are those where they get a chance to talk to the people directly involved in their stories.

THE JAMES JOYCE OF JIVE “One year the theme was Innovation in History and the kids learned about a performer from Toledo, Jon Hendricks, a jazz singer and composer who, in the 1950s, helped develop the vocalese style of singing," says Nissen

“The kids got to go to his house with their video equipment and conduct an interview with him,” Nissen says. “And after they were finished with their project, Mr. Hendricks came and performed a concert at the high school. It was an amazing experience.”

“So they get real-life examples that help connect the past to the present and even the future.”

MAKING HISTORY RELEVANT Science-fiction writer Robert A. Heinlein once said, “A generation which ignores history has no past and no future.” Catale said History Day allows students to “drive their own learning,” which in turn helps them connect with history in a deeper and more meaningful way.

Nissen agrees that it can be a challenge getting his students to see the relevance of the history they’re learning.

“When I teach the Great Migration in my American History class, I always ask my black students if they have people down South or people who came from down South,” Nissen says. “And the kids really get it, that this is their family history we’re talking about. We’ve had a fair number of ‘aha moments’ when kids see their own stories in history.” –EM

“When we talk about historical civilizations, we’ll look at their innovations and their technology,” Catale says. “Then when we get to modern American history, the students are able to connect the culture of the people they’re studying and compare it to today.

Toledo Early College High School

Jazz critic Leonard Feather called Hendricks “the Poet Laureate of Jazz,” and Time magazine described him as “The James Joyce of Jive.”

Nissen’s students learned not only about the singer’s innovation, but that Hendricks was still alive and living in Toledo.

Lisa Casey (left) and Karla Constantine’s History Day project, Courageous College Co-Eds Clear the Course, focuses on Oberlin College, where in 1837 four women— Mary Kellogg, Mary Caroline Rudd, Mary Hosford and Elizabeth Prall—entered the college degree program. Three of the women graduated in 1841 and received the first bachelor of arts degrees earned by women in the United States.

Toledo Early College High School student Ashley Stephens interviewed renowned jazz singer Jon Hendricks in 2008 for a History Day documentary on his “vocalese” technique.

LEARN MORE

This year, History Day students will research topics within the historical theme of Breaking Barriers in History.

Students may consider how or why a physical barrier blocks movement of access, or how a non-physical barrier, like a law or idea, has the power to separate and shape society.

We look forward to hearing more from Ohio’s students and teachers, and witnessing history being brought to life.

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A MESSAGE FROM OUR

Executive Director & CEO & President, Board of Trustees In 1885, Ohio History Connection was founded as the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society. Over the past 134 years, a lot more than our name has changed. The way we collect and preserve our history has evolved, along with our thinking about those that came before us. Similarly, what people want from history organizations has changed. It’s essential that we continue to provide Ohioans with meaningful and engaging experiences to demonstrate history’s relevance today.

Why share Ohio history? Promoting and sharing history is not just about posterity— history has the ability to help us become better citizens and create a better future.

Exploring history teaches valuable critical thinking skills. This year, more than 10,000 Ohio students had the chance to become historians. Through our Ohio History Day program, an affiliate of National History Day, students as young as middle school perform research, interpret complex moments from the past, and present on their findings.

According to National History Day research, students who participate in this program perform better on standardized tests across multiple subjects. Research also shows it supports their ability to read critically, reference appropriate sources, and support an argument with evidence—qualities that can lead to a successful adulthood.

History shapes personal values, informing our collective identity. Nearly 400,000 people visited one of our 58 historic sites and museums across Ohio. More than 50,000 schoolchildren took field trips to those same sites, which gave them the opportunity to discover American Indian earthworks like Serpent Mound, presidential homes like Rutherford B. Hayes’s and natural wonders like Glacial Grooves and Cedar Bog Nature Preserve.

This past March, we opened an interactive exhibit that served as our first step in creating an envisioned new museum experience.

Ohio—Champion of Sports at the Ohio History Center profiles greats like Jesse Owens, LeBron James, Stephanie Hightower and Katie Smith.

Through their stories, visitors learn how sports shape our identity through social connection, adversity, innovation and victory.

History inspires leadership. Preserving and sharing the stories of people taking a stand, like Colonel Charles Young, who fought discrimination and went on to become the highest-ranking African American officer in the U.S. Army during WWI, can inspire new generations of Ohioans.

Stories of people doing what’s never been done before, like Neil Armstrong’s first steps on the moon, inspire us to believe that anything is possible.

History has the ability to help us become better citizens and create a better future.

50 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

Burt Logan

Preserving history fosters vibrant communities. Ohio has the third-highest number of National Register listings in the country. To further celebrate our love of historic places, this year we partnered with over 250 local history sites all across the state to showcase behind-the-scenes tours of some of Ohio’s most treasured places. This program, known as Ohio Open Doors, drew national media attention, which put a deserved spotlight on the incredible history in our backyards.

History is an economic driver. The economic impact of the federal historic preservation tax credit program in Ohio, which supports responsible redevelopment of historic properties, stands at a total investment of more than $6 billion. Ohio proudly led the country this year for the most successfully completed and certified federal historic tax credit projects.

History preserved and shared is a gift for future generations. Two significant strides toward making the Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks the first World Heritage site in Ohio were achieved this year. This summer, our confidence grew as a collection of Frank Lloyd Wright sites was added to the prestigious list.

The Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks, once inscribed, will be the 25th World Heritage site in the country. Through our united efforts, we are shining a spotlight on one of the best examples of monumental landscape architecture in the world.

Also this year, Licking County Common Pleas Court Judge W. David Branstool ruled that our acquisition of the lease for the Octagon Earthworks in Newark, currently occupied by Moundbuilders Country Club, is necessary and for a public purpose. The country club has filed an appeal, which will be heard later this year. We are steadfast in our effort to make this ancient American Indian site accessible to all.

Understanding the intersection of culture and history makes us better citizens.

With a commitment to developing relationships with federally recognized, Ohio-affiliated tribes, this year we hosted our third annual Tribal Nations Conference in Columbus.

Bringing together Thomas V. delegates from 12 Chema federally recognized tribes, including two tribal chiefs, the conference continues to strengthen the bond between Ohio and Tribal Nations to focus on preserving and sharing accurate American Indian history.

How we do our work has changed over the years to reflect and support the communities we live in today. Today, an understanding of our past helps people become critical thinkers, it inspires leadership and protects our democracy. Preserving and sharing Ohio history makes communities more vibrant and supports economic development.

We thank all who have contributed to the support of Ohio history. A special thanks to Governor Mike DeWine, the Ohio General Assembly, our Board of Trustees and our donors, members and volunteers across the state who make our work possible. We look forward to continuing to grow and connect more people to Ohio’s stories.

Sincerely,

Burt Logan, Executive Director & CEO

Thomas V. Chema, President, Board of Trustees

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Ohio Ohio History History Service Service CorpsCorps members members served served 134 local 134 history local history organizations organizations and provided and provided over 14,000 over 14,000 hourshours of service. of service.

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LOCAL HISTORY ACROSS OHIO

local history organizations and individual members make up the Ohio Local History Alliance, supported by the Ohio History Connection.

granted from the Ohio History Fund to 10 organizations throughout the state.

Since the program began in 2012, we've made 73 grants totaling $694,569 to organizations all across Ohio.

new history markers were installed and dedicated by local communities.

To date, there are over 1,750 markers located around Ohio.

History Education

FOR OHIO STUDENTS

ons

students took part in our distance learning programming, which brings our curators and experts into the classroom.

elementary and middle school students used Museum in a Box, our traveling artifacts kits.

Preserving

IMPORTANT PLACES IN OHIO 3

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Ohio is third in the nation for the number of National Register listings.

fourth graders use Ohio As America, our electronic history textbook.

school kids took field trips to Ohio History Connection historic sites.

new nominations to the National Register of Historic Places, for a total of 4,091 Ohio properties.

was invested in historic buildings in 2019 through the Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit Program, which brings the total to $6 billion invested in Ohio.

FY2019 Annual Report53 • 11 OHIOHIS TORY.ORG

MANY THANKS TO OUR GENEROUS

Annual Supporters Thank you to the generous Ohioans and friends who support the mission of the Ohio History Connection. We are grateful to all those who have shown their commitment to Ohio History, and we take this opportunity to recognize those who have made a gift of $150 or more during the period of July 1, 2018, through June 30, 2019.

View our full annual report online at ohiohistory.org/annualreport.

DIRECTOR’S CIRCLE This extraordinary group of leaders and visionaries embrace the mission and strategic initiatives of the Ohio History Connection. We are honored to partner with them and are grateful for their investment of $1,200 or more to support innovation and excellence.

1885 COUNCIL $50,000 & above Individuals The Chester Family The James Dicke Family Donald E. & Dawn Easley Estate of Nancy A. McGary Richard & Jude Parke Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Anonymous Adena Health System Ray & Charlotte Baldauf Charitable Trust John Hauck Foundation David A. & Helen P. Horn Charitable Trust Mathews Auto Group The Mennel Milling Company OhioHealth Corporation Douglas C. & Lynn M. Roberts Family Foundation Cloene Samuels Fund of The Columbus Foundation The Dennis & Sara Trachsel Foundation The Waddell Foundation Wyandot Inc BENEFACTOR $25,000–$49,999 Individuals Estate of Parker B. Brown Loann W. Crane Bob & Liz Fox Dr. Richard Kent Harding & Dr. Sally A. Harding Ronald J. Ungvarsky & Susan Tomasky

Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Anonymous Airstream, Inc. Aroha Philanthropies Conestoga CollegeAdvantage, Ohio's 529 Savings Plan Ohio Humanities Sims Brothers Recycling Stifel, Marion Branch Thor Industries, Inc. Warren Brown Family Foundation PACESETTER $10,000–$24,999 Individuals Roger D. Braun Jerome J. & Margaret A. Cunningham Joel Field Court Hall, Jr. Kevin Hensel Mr. & Mrs. George M. Jones Kraig & Chris Noble Lee & Linda Sisler Dan & Valerie Wigton Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Anonymous Ametek Westchester Plastics Dominion Energy Fahey Bank City of Heath Heinrich Family Foundation Honda of America Mfg., Inc. The Austin E. Knowlton Foundation Marion Community Foundation Harry C. Moores Foundation National Trust for Historic Preservation Hart Family Fund for Small Towns City of Newark POET Biorefining United Bank W.P. Snyder III Charitable Fund Wilson Bohannan Lock Company

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SUSTAINER $5,000–$9,999

PATRON $2,500–$4,999

Individuals Anonymous Judge Deborah Alspach Bill & Lexie Bickell The Day-Hamor Family Garrett & Sidney Dill Debra Duncan & Steve Hankison Karen Gillmor Ted Graham Sherry & Kevin Hall Richard F. Hillis Nancy Jeffrey Beatrice & Jack Kellogg Burt & Bonnie Logan Carolyn & Dan Owens Fred D. Pfening Jeffrey & Christine Rodek Jodi & Stanley Ross

Individuals Ryan & Sarah Campbell Paul & Jane Davis John D. & Francille M. Firebaugh Dr. James Ginter Barbara & Warren Harding Alex Hastie Cindy & Larry Hilsheimer Ann & Russell Hoxie Steven & Brenda Johnston Suhas & Patty Kakde Philip Kuceyeski Estate of Michael D. Lehman Bob & Karen Lucas Mr. & Mrs. John C. Matesich III Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey J. Miller Vernon Pack Ted Prasse Mr. & Mrs. James G. Ryan Priscilla & Fred Schwier Robert B. Smith Mr. & Mrs. Sheldon A. Taft Mr. & Mrs. Ralph W. Talmage Roselia C. Deters Verhoff S. Fredrick & Suzanne Zeigler

Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Anonymous George & Millie Brown Family Foundation The Columbus Foundation Tom E. Dailey Foundation, Inc. William H. Davis, Dorothy M. Davis & William C. Davis Foundation First Citizens National Bank The Grand Lodge of Ohio Free & Accepted Masons Johnston Supply, Inc. Nancy Wolfe Lane Family Fund East Coast Chapter, Musical Box Society International The Oliver Family Foundation Porter, Wright, Morris & Arthur LLP Henry A. True Trust The Vista Foundation-Helen & Brian Heekin Wopat Community Fund

Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Bailey Cavalieri, LLC Erika Bourguignon Charitable Trust First Federal Bank Lehman Capital Management Group Morris Family Fund of The Columbus Foundation Mary Miller Patton Fund of The Columbus Foundation G. Whitney Snyder Charitable Fund Mary Jo Stafford Charitable Trust

SPONSOR $1,200–$2,499 Individuals Elizabeth A. Aino Hillary & Joshua Bates Ann C. Bigelow Mr. Thomas V. Chema Cameron & Kristine Close Patty Donnally Mr. & Mrs. William B. Eldredge Jon & Cindy Elsasser Richard Furnstahl & Teresa Stankiewicz Linda Hanke Holly Heer Randall A. Mason Ted & Kathy McKinniss Robert & Libby Roach Thomas R. Schiff Suzyn J. Schwebel Epstein & Bruce Epstein Philippe St Pierre Erik R. Stoddard E. Thomas Sturges Doug & Suzanne Sweeney Dr. & Mrs. James A. Vaughan Jeff & Sandy Ward Dave & Nanci Westrick Jim, Kim, Kate & Meg Wilson Donald & Ellen Yerks Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Thomas C. Hays & Mary Ann Hays Family Foundation Kenwel Printers Medical Mutual of Ohio Puffin Foundation West, Ltd. DONOR HONOR ROLL PARTNER $500–$1,199 Individuals Anonymous (3) Beth Benko & James Atkinson George & Nancy Bain Elizabeth Boardman John & Susan Boylan Mr. & Mrs. Thomas F. Brandt Crickette Brown-Glad Steve & Linda Brown Robert D. Burns, MD Martha M. Callihan David & Diane Campbell Karen E. Campbell Edward F. Castleberry C. Ellen Connally Beth Crane & Richard McKee Judge Gary W. Herman & Ms. Elaine R. Crane-Herman Mrs. Thelda E. Davies Dr. & Mrs. Lynn E. Elfner Gayla Foote Judy Fox Bettie Friedman Judge Richard A. Frye Donna & Mark Grube Jim & Merry Hamilton

Bob & Beth Hamilton Richard & Jeanne Hannan Andy Harper William D. & Janice I. Haueisen William A. & Linda S. Herrnstein Karl & Laurie Heth Jane Hinaman Tom & Joyce Johnson The Kates Family Todd Kleismit & Lisa Defendiefer Cathy Knutson Kim & Pete Koloski Judith Krasnoff Tom Kromer & Family Maryline & John Kulewicz Mary Kupiec Cayton Jerri & John Letcavits Robert D. Lindner Jr. Dr. Bernard F. Losekamp Thomas & Nancy Lurie Frederick W. Martin Barbara Massie & Ryan Jaroncyk Ruth McDiffett Mr. Mark McKillip Stéphanie McManus & Gregory Renda Fred & Carol Milligan Stephen P. Munro Mr. & Mrs. William J. Muthig Rev. Victor A. Myers & Bonnie J. Myers Ann Newsom George W. & Ruth B. Paulson Jerald Payton Nancy Jo Pifer Colonel & Mrs. Wayne Pittman Michael G. & Andrea Rapp N. Jean Reas Sally Rogers Fred & Margie Saull Patricia J. Sawvel Richard & Willa Sisson Richard Smith Greg Stewart & Susan Ernst Thomas Stinebaugh Ron & Janet Stolle Michael Stuckey Mr. & Mrs. Robert A. Taft II Dorothy S. Teater Dan & Rebecca Terrible Daniel R. Turnbull Mr. Jeff T. Vawter Karen Ward The Weibel Family Richard K. Wendt Jon & Maureen Williamson Brian L. & Erin Holmes Wingfield Megan & Cam Wood Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Automatic Musical Instrument Collectors Association Chicago Chapter Clarivoy Dean S. Edmonds Foundation Franklin Heating Cooling & Refrigeration Grange Insurance Co.

Hieronymus Family Fund, Inc. Johnson Property Services, LLC Kegler Brown Hill & Ritter, LPA The Kroger Company The Roberta L. Ewing Marks Charitable Lead Trust MSD Montei Foundation The Musical Box Society International Mid-America Chapter Ohio Magazine CONTRIBUTOR $350–$499 Individuals Mr. & Mrs. D. M. Blank Richard P. Bryan & Regina M. Amidon Jennifer & Robert Cassidy Mrs. Lois Chandler Mary Ann Gardner Elaine & Victor Goodman Richard & Kimberly Jackson David Kaplan Howard P. Krisher John Lewis & Judy Huang Greg Myers Larry & Peg Neal Jamison Pack & Jason Moore Phyllis S. Pansing Don & Cynthia Paynter John & Norine Prim Marilyn Pritchett Janet G. Todd Ray A. Waldren Diana Welling Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Friends of the Museums, Inc. Geary Family YMCA of Fostoria Village of Wellington SUPPORTER $150–$349 Individuals Anonymous (10) Jim Abbott Andrew T. Alderman Mr. Joseph A. Alutto & Mrs. Carol L. Newcomb Dale & Roberta Angerman Mr. & Mrs. James Appold Bill & Diana Arthur Mr. Ralph C. Barker Arthur & Kathleen Bauer Donald & Jean Beckett Doug & Mary Ann Bell Jennifer Beverly Martha H. Boice Dr. & Dr. Charles F. Botti Jr. William D. Bowers Catherine & John Brody Mr. & Mrs. Thomas J. Browne Larry H. & Michael E. Brown Dale Brubeck & John Merola Joe & Rosie Catera Sue O. Chandler-White & Carl F. White

Anthony G. Chila Joseph & Peg Conway William & Linda Cornell Jason Crabill Russell & Joanne Crouse David & Adelaide Davies Betsy & P. Michael DeAngelo Linda Deitz & Bryan Wooden Monica Dietz Madelyn Dile Nancy Donoghue & Robert Rapp Lynn & Tom Dotson Ruth Anna Duff Mr. & Mrs. Daryl A. Edwards Ms. Kathleen M. Fernandez Senator & Mrs. Richard H. Finan Dr. John E. Fleming & Dr. Barbara Fleming Eric Floehr John & Maryann Gall Stacy Gall Corinne Garvey James K. & Susan B. Gearhart Stephen C. George & Jeff Gatwood Robert Gerker Anthony & Keisha Gibbs Bruce Goetzman Dan Graf Bill Grunkemeyer & Myra Moss Phil & Sonia Haas Dr. & Mrs. Thomas J. Halpin Dr. Edward L. Hamblin John L. & Jean M. Hank Elizabeth Harrington Gerard Hilferty Joshua & Brandy Hill June & Dave Hinkle Thomas Ernst Huenefeld Fern E. Hunt John & Barb Hykes Larry & Donna James Kathryn H. Jeffrey Scott & Diane Jewell Joan Kapsch Joyce Kaufmann Jack & Nancy Kelly Bobbie-Jo Kennedy Mr. & Mrs. Byron L. Kentner Dan & Carole Kerber Mr. & Mrs. Alan D. King Warren & Mary King William Q. Kirkwood Chuck & June Knaack Beverly Michele Koenig Robert Leonhard James P. Leslie Karen Linn & Brian Campbell William Maloney Maggie Marconi Roberta & Stanley Marks H. Glynn Marsh David & Barbara McCormick Jamie McGann Emily B. McGinnis Fred B. & Ruth Miller Charles & Anita Mitchell Marcus J. Molea

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Mr. Shannon D. Morris Paul B. & Wendy T. Morse Mr. & Mrs. Charles R. Moses Craig Mosier Scott & Sharon Mueller Richard & Nancy Murdock Vincent Nicolosi James & Catherine Oda John & Christine Olsen Brad Ostroff Mike & Pat Papai Robert Pearson Scott Pendleton DVM Elizabeth L. Plummer Marcus & Marcy Rall Mark & Denise Ramser Brian & Mary Rhame Donna L. & Wayne D. Rhodeback Ann Royer Betty W. Rutter Arthur W. Shantz Jr. The Honorable Henry E. Shaw Jr. Truda & Chris Shinker Marvin Shrimplin Jane A. Simmons John P. & Joan Simmons Stephen G. & Susan M. Smith Ms. Carolyn M. Sommerich Effie Spillman Dr. Mac A. Stewart Neil E. Stutz Mark & Melissa Sull Genevieve M. Szuba Douglas Terpstra Amanda S. Terrell Mark & Sharon Tranovich Margaret Tuxford-Hawkins Doreen N. Uhas-Sauer & John Sauer Rhonda Walkup Jessi & Jon Weithman Jay & Barbara Wilson Paulene & Mark Wilson Jeanette L. Wojcik Ray Wylam Scott & Carolynn Ziance Michael & Donna Zianni Businesses, Foundations & Organizations Amazon Smile Blendon Township Boy Scouts Of America Carroll Area Historical Society Cleveland Hiking Club Friends of Ohio History Fund of The Columbus Foundation City of Grove City Highland County District Library Johnson Welded Products, Inc. The Musical Box Society International Southern California Chapter Our Towne Mechanicsburg Projects, Inc. St. James Lutheran Church Inc. Willow Brook Christian Village

56 Echoes | NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 2019

MATCHING GIFTS The following organizations generously matched their employees' contributions.

Battelle Discover Financial Services ExxonMobil Foundation Wolfe Associates, Inc. ELEANOR C. MABRY LEGACY SOCIET Y The Legacy Society honors and recognizes a distinguished group of supporters who have made a provision for the Ohio History Connection in their estate plan or have committed to another form of planned gift. We are grateful for their generosity and dedication to protecting Ohio’s history for future generations.

Anonymous (5) Helen Jane Alexander* Gahanna Owen G.*& Marion L. Barr Grand Ledge, MI Ann C. Bigelow Somerset Raymond L. Bland* & Janice M. Bland* Warren Betty J. Bock* Bowling Green Elizabeth Boyer* Chesterland Karen S. Brown Rochester, NY Parker B. Brown* Rochester, NY Georgia Bruce Upper Arlington Richard P. Bryan & Regina M. Amidon Holland John B. Calfee* Cleveland Marilyn I. Campbell* Gahanna Thomas N. & Patricia H. Canfield Pittsburgh, PA Cynthia J. Chester* Columbus Christine H. Crone* Euclid Noel Cutright* & Kathleen Redmond West Bend, WI Neva Deemer* Columbus Yenema V. Fernandez* Bellbrook Walter T. Frank* Columbus Bernice S. Gay* Westerville Mary Eloise Green* Columbus Phyllis Greene Granville Arthur R. Haire* Powell Court Hall, Jr. Columbus Mary C. Hanes* Euclid

Lawrence L. Heyder* Sunbury Sheila Hodgson* Columbus Dorothy Howard-Flynn* Worthington Margaret A. Hukill* Lancaster Hugh Huntington* Columbus Dorothy M. Jacobs* Columbus Frank & Julie Jungers Portland, OR Louise Kaercher* Hilliard Michael D. Lehman* Greenville Robert W. & Karen Lucas Pemberville Eleanor C. Mabry* Newport News, VA Theodore Magnuson* Longwood, FL Susan Marsch* Marietta Maj. Gen. Raymond E. Mason, Jr.* & Margaret Mason* Osprey, FL Rebecca Maykowski Columbus Nancy A.* & Harry McGary* Harrison Dixie S. Miller* Gahanna Pauline B. Miller* Tiffin William H. Nolan* Columbus Edgar Northrup* Marietta Rosalie E. Palius* Columbus Richard & Jude Parke Shaker Heights Charles M. Patterson* Dayton Mary Miller Patton* Gahanna Dr. E. Jane Porter* Columbus Frank R. Porter* Columbus Jane Reamer* Worthington Richard J. Rinebolt* Findlay Lucinda Reynolds Bexley Perle Riley* Lebanon Karlon Roop Gahanna Katherine L. Rowland* Lebanon Cloene S. Samuels* Columbus Dr. A. Jeanette Sexton Columbus Kathryn A. Sheedy* Westerville Isabel H. Simmons* Columbus Lillian Skeele* Columbus

Robert Burns Smith Worthington Hills David J. Snyder Andover Mary H. Staats* Zanesville Kay Barnhouse Stout* Cambridge Lillian Bimeler Sturm* Zoar John W. Taylor* Cambridge Robert Waters Sr.* Georgetown Jane Werum Columbus Randall Worthington* Washington Court House Fred J. Zint* Wapakoneta *Deceased

NAMED ENDOWMENTS Thank you to our friends who have established an endowment to provide support in perpetuity for Ohio History or for specific sites and projects.

Adena Garden Endowment in Memory of Judge & Mrs. Howard Goldsberry J.D. Britton Endowment for Local History Conestoga Endowment Mabel & Harvey Cutright Endowment for Fort Hill Neva Deemer Endowment for Social Studies Teacher Education Friends of Ohio History Endowment Frohman Endowment Fund The Gay Ohio History Initiative Endowment William J. Gesling Endowment Mary Eloise Green Endowment Fund Charles A. Jones Memorial Endowment Dr. David N. Kinsman & Daniel Hatton Memorial Endowment William K. Laidlaw, Jr. Memorial Endowment Fund Nancy R. & Harry E. McGary Endowment Gary & Heather Ness Endowment William H. Nolan Endowment for Adena Ohio Association of Garden Clubs Endowment for Wahkeena Nature Preserve Ohio Gun Collectors Association Permanent Endowment Fund Ohio History Connection Legacy Endowment Ohio History Connection Membership Operations Endowment Patterson Family Endowment for the Piqua Historical Area Randall Worthington Endowment for Adena The Towboat W.P. Snyder, Jr. Endowment The Worthington Family Endowment for Adena

IN-KIND DONATIONS Thank you to the following individuals and organizations that have made generous contributions to support the Ohio History Connection.

Challenge Electric II, Ltd. Lois Fisher John E. Hancock Aaron J. Keirns Lowe's of Central Ohio, Store # 1175 thunder::tech

Tim & Jenny Rollins Jim & Barbara Rutherford John & Melissa Soderberg Tom Sturges Dave Timmons Chief Glenna Wallace Dick Wendt Jane Werum Thomas Williams Howard & Betty Zimmer Businesses, Foundations & Organizations

Columbus Museum of Art GOVERNMENT GRANTS The Ohio History Connection is proud to provide services to the people of Ohio that are funded through local, state and federal government grants.

Columbus Symphony Columbus Zoo & Aquarium Creative Cuisine Dave Fox Design Build Remodelers

Greater Columbus Arts Council

Garth's Auctioneers & Appraisers

National Archives & Records Administration

Golden Lamb

National Endowment for the Humanities

Hamilton Capital Management

National Park Service

Granville Inn Inn at Honey Run

Ohio Arts Council

National Veterans Memorial & Museum

ServeOhio

Jeffrey Thomas Clothing

CONESTOGA

Thurber House

For the past 33 years, the passionate and dedicated members of the Conestoga support group have shared their time, talent, and resources for the benefit of the Ohio History Connection. We are especially grateful for the loyal friendship of all Conestoga members.

Listed below are individual and community partners who graciously contributed to Conestoga's fundraising success with gifts of $150 or more.

The Wilds

Individuals Bill & Lexie Bickell Martha Boice John & Marie Brandt Robert Bruce Karen Campbell Anne Chasser & Tom Mantei Pat & Laura Ecklar John & Bebe Finn Jim Ginter Marilyn Goodman Bob & Beth Hamilton Cindy Hilsheimer Dave & June Hinkle Larry & Peg Neal Heather & Gary Ness Marilyn Paulsen George & Ruth Paulson Beth Prince Georgeanne & Michael Reuter Jerry & Joan Riseling Sally Rogers

HONORIALS & MEMORIALS A tribute gift is a meaningful way to remember or honor a loved one or an occasion. The Ohio History Connection appreciates every tribute gift this year, all of which have made a significant impact on Ohio History.

Honorials Andrew J. Verhoff from Daniel Wolke Shelby Beatty from Ann C. Bigelow Lily Birkhimer from Ann C. Bigelow Jackie Brown from Keidan Cares Fund of The Columbus Foundation Cliff Eckle from Christina M. Atzberger Patrice R. Fatig from Ms. Jennifer Pratt Mike Follin from Michael W. Brandl Court Hall, Jr. from Brian & Stacey Hall Dr. & Mrs. George T. Harding IV from Corinne Garvey Barbara & Warren Harding from Richard & Jeanne Hannan

Harding Presidential Center from Harding High School Class of 1958 from Harding High School Class of 1969 from Harding High School Class of 1973 from Harding High School Class of 1975 from Harding High School Class of 1977 from Harding High School Class of 1978 from Harding High School Class of 1979 Robert & Marge Henn from Ruth McDiffett Amy Hissong from Ann C. Bigelow Tutti Jackson from Ann C. Bigelow Thurman & Rose Mathews from Mathews Auto Group Larry Neal from Kathryn Neal George W. Paulson from Jerome J. & Margaret A. Cunningham Mr. William H. Pickard from Court Hall Jr. from Highland County District Library Amanda Rindler from Ann C. Bigelow Betty H. Salzgaber from Laurie Hall Juli Six from Ann C. Bigelow Jerry Verhoff from Andrew J. Verhoff Memorials Velma Anderson from Mr. Robert S. Keidan Lynn Boardman from Elizabeth Boardman Joan Bowser from Elizabeth L. Plummer Janis Clark from Patrick N. Clark Ida Copenhaver from Conestoga from Dr. James Ginter from Karen E. Campbell Sandra L. Davies from Mrs. Thelda E. Davies from Barbara Powers Ronald Filipan from Florence Cunningham from Susan Iverson from Sarah Molina Dr. Robert Goldberg from Orville R. Lyons Nancy Jeffrey from Conestoga Megan Jones from Cynthia Violet Esther I. Leggett from Mr. Ralph C. Barker Ms. Katherine Queen from Jennifer Beverly Julie A. Quinlan from Barbara Powers George B. & Dorothy Willis Rector from Patty Donnally Sylvia St Pierre from Philippe St Pierre

Elizabeth D. Sturges from Mr. & Mrs. Thomas F. Brandt from Karen E. Campbell from Conestoga from Laura & Pat Ecklar from Judith Krasnoff from Gavin & Alice Larrimer from Nancy Lutz from Laurie Miraglia from Harry Parsons from George W. & Ruth B. Paulson from Mr. & Mrs. Jerry L. Riseling from Sally Rogers from Paul M. Shepard Jr. from Richard K. Wendt Jim Washburn from Cheryl Ricketts Mr. Preston Wolfe from Nancy Wolfe Lane Family Fund

Reading the old inaugural speeches and news clips was a trip through history.

Thank you so very much for finding them all for me. Very interesting to see how others faced this challenge." — Ohio Governor Mike DeWine

Our archivists shared historic inaugural speeches from previous Ohio governors with then Governor-elect Mike DeWine. He read these before crafting his own address, which he gave in January 2019.

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Reviews BOOK

Winold Reiss and the Cincinnati Union Terminal:

Fanfare for the Common Man, by Gretchen Garner

If you’ve never been to see the murals by artist Winold Reiss inside Cincinnati’s Union Terminal—now the Cincinnati Museum Center (see page 24)—make plans and do so posthaste. In the meantime, you can become familiar with the artist’s work in Gretchen Garner’s Winold Reiss and the Cincinnati Union Terminal: Fanfare for the Common Man, a lavishly illustrated book broken into three main sections: The Murals, The Artist and The Context.

Reiss was born in Karlsuhe, Germany, in 1886, the son of Fritz Reiss, a painter who trained at the Dusseldorf Academy. Fritz was his son’s first teacher, but Winold eventually moved to Munich, where he studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and at the School of Applied Arts. He emigrated to America in 1913 and settled in New York City, where he quickly became known as an expert graphic designer and portrait artist.

Garner, who passed away in 2017, was an art historian, curator, writer and teacher. She first saw the Reiss murals “well into my eighth decade.” The effect was a dramatic one: “I could hardly believe it— the gorgeous rotunda and the enormous mosaic murals…were like nothing I had ever seen.”

After he completed the mosaic murals in Cincinnati, Reiss was appointed assistant professor of mural painting at New York University’s College of Fine Arts.

He showed his work in galleries and museums from 1920 on. His portraits of American Indians (some 250 before he was finished) were his most popular works of art.

But when Garner searched for more information about Reiss and his murals, she was “disappointed to find only an issue of Queen City Heritage, dated 1993. That assembly of essays is still the best thing in print, but where was the book that put them in the context of Reiss’s other work—his portraits and design work—and also the artistic and political context of the time, the 1930s?” She set out to produce the book she wished she’d found then.

According to the book’s publisher, Ohio University Press, “The Cincinnati Union Terminal murals are extraordinary not only for their size—the two murals in the rotunda are 22 by 105 feet—and the boldness of their color and design, but also for the artist’s use of mosaic, an unusual choice at the time.”

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Writing for the Reiss Partnership website (winoldreiss.org), artist Ned Jacob describes perhaps Reiss’s great asset, “the common touch.”

“He seemed blessed with a personal magnetism and guileless manner that put people at their ease in his presence. Always sure of himself but never pompous, he treated all he met with equal respect, whether Mexican campesinos, art students or captains of industry. … The rich racial tapestry of America was ever a joy to him, and his many brilliant portraits rendered with obvious admiration and without condescension or flattery attest to his affection for the entire human family.”

–Bill Eichenberger, Echoes Magazine

I could hardly believe it—the gorgeous rotunda and the enormous mosaic murals… were like nothing I had ever seen.

German-born American artist Winold Reiss created vivid glass mosaics for the rotunda and concourse of Cincinnati Union Terminal. See Cincinnati Union Terminal—Now It’s Spectacular! on page 24.

Learn more about the art and artists of Union Terminal at cincymuseum.org/art-of-union-terminal.

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