List of graphs

Graph 1 Inflation rate (CPI) in developed countries, year-on-year

Graph 2 Key interest rate of Central Banks in developed countries

Graph 3 External public debt of EDCs

Graph 4 Sovereign spreads (basis points)

Graph 5 External public debt in hard currency of EDCs, average, as a % of GDP

Graph 6 External public debt denominated in USD and changes in local currency against the USD

Graph 7 Variations in key interest rates in EDCs

Graph 8 Yield of sovereign local currency bonds (10-year, %)

Table 1 Countries that called on IMF financing in 2022

Appendix 1 Summary of indicators, selection of emerging and developing countries

Graph 9 Current account and net capital inflows (South Africa)

Graph 10 The pricing of Moroccan sovereign risk remains contained (Morocco)

Graph 11 Main macroeconomic aggregates (Mauritius)

Graph 12 Volatile growth, public accounts deteriorating and fragile external accounts (Mauritania)

Graph 13 Foreign exchange reserves plummeting since early 2021 (Bangladesh)

Graph 14 Indian sovereign spread remains relatively low (India)

Graph 15 Growth maintained at the expense of marked budget and external deficits (Philippines)

Graph 16 Macro-financial variables go haywire (Turkey)

Graph 17 Main macroeconomic aggregates (Colombia)