March 2018

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IFMSA-JO MAGAZINE MARCH 2018 EDITION

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IFMSA / IFMSA-Jo

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MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

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TEAM OF OFFICIALS

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DIRECTOR`S MESSAGE

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MEET THE PUBLICATIONS SUPPORT DIVISION

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A LETTER TO MOTHERS

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EMERALDS

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OPHTHALMOLOGY

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THE 80/20 RULE

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‫ﺧﻴﺎل ﻳﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬

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SUPERS LIVING AMONGST US IFMSA / IFMSA-Jo

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THE CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EYE

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WINDOWS OF THE WORLD

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‫ﻣﺬﻛﺮات ﻗﻠﻘﺔ‬

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IFMSAMU-LC / IFMSA-Jo

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YU-LC

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HU-LC

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UJ-LC

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RED ROSES - SCORA

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SCOME WEBINARS

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SCOPH

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SCORP

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PECULIAR AREN’T WE

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THE ONGOING CONQUEST TO FIND COMFORT

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‫اﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﺻﺪﻓﺔ‬

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FAST-FORWARD

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TALENTS

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IFMSA The International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA), founded in 1951, is one of the world’s largest student-run organizations. representing medical students from 136 member organizations in 127 countries.

Work is divided into four areas: Public Health, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Medical Education, and Human Rights and Peace. 13,000 clinical and research exchange programs for students to explore innovations in medicine, healthcare systems and healthcare delivery in other settings are organized annually; it brings people together to discuss and initiate projects for a healthier world. It trains members and gives them the resources needed to be global health leaders. IFMSA offers medical students a taste of pressing health issues worldwide. Activities positively impact physicians-to be, their communities, and the health systems around the world in which they practice.

IFMSA has been run for and by medical students on a voluntary basis; showing that they are not passive in a globalizing world, but have a powerful role to play in global health and show them that their goals can be achieved with knowledge and commitment. In IFMSA, the emphasis is placed on students returning to their local environments with new ideas and the skills to implement them. As in the doctors of tomorrow and future leaders of health, we feel confident that our students will carry this spirit with them throughout their professional lives.

IFMSA-JO In 2006, the Jordanian National Member Organization joined the IFMSA global entity and ever since, IFMSA-Jo has served our community through multiple activities, divided into four main global health areas: public health, medical education, human rights and peace and reproductive health.

One of the aims of IFMSA-Jordan is to motivate medical students in all medical schools around Jordan to get involved in their communities through active participation in voluntary work, and to provide them with the necessary tools and skills to become successful future doctors and health leaders. It is guided by the vision of serving our community and reinforcing Jordan’s national health through igniting and uniting the knowledge and potentials of medical students. Our mission is to serve the society and medical students in Jordan by empowering our members in using their knowledge and capacities, providing a link between members, medical students associations, and national and international organizations to encourage the cooperation between them for ultimate benefit of the society.

IFMSA- Jo is composed of a National Committee and five Local Committees in the following universities: University of Jordan, Mutah University, Yarmouk University, Hashemite University, and Jordan University of Science and Technology.

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MESSAGES

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

MUNA ROMMANEH

Dear readers,

It is a great honor and privilege to present to you this Issue of the IFMSA-Jo Magazine. The

magazine is the official publication of IFMSA-Jo and it is currently issued twice a year; in March and in September.

The diversity of IFMSA-Jo members ensures that we have first-hand experiences to share with each other and with the rest of the world. Today, the power of youth is a recognizable force in the region and across the globe. They are indeed filled with tremendous energy and towering ambition pouring towards advocating for equality, greater justice, and global healthcare; making a difference in the lives of millions of people. IFMSA-Jo prides itself of being completely youth led. It presents and brings together future healthcare professionals, and serves as a platform for advocacy, education, collaboration, management, and communication with the aim of empowering and shaping the skilled and culturally-competent physicians of tomorrow.

Across the pages of this magazine,You can feel the energy and entrepreneurial spirit of many medical students and interns who have worked hard to change the world to a better place through different projects, activities, and articles. You will be going through papers that are filled with the breathings of the hearts of many motivated, dedicated, and enthusiastic members.

I would like to show my gratitude to the Publications Support Division Director and his team and send a warm thank you note to every person who have made this magazine a successful publication of IFMSA-Jo. I also send buckets of love, support, and appreciation to the IFMSA-Jo Team of Officials for the term 2018/2017 and all IFMSA-Jo members and Alumni who have greatly contributed to the growth of the local community, sustainability and development of IFMSA-Jo, and the building of capacity across Jordan.

I wish you a pleasant reading and an an enriching experience! I am confident that surfing the pages of the magazine will add value to your knowledge. I encourage you to seize the opportunity to challenge yourself and read through the lines to send a magical message to the leader within you who is capable of making a major positive change in the lives of many.

Best regards, Muna Rommaneh President, 2018/2017 International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations - Jordan

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MESSAGES

DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE AWS AL MUKHTAR

ompromise: the settlement of dispute by making concessions; whether the purpose is to make C life choices a bit easier, spend less efforts on minor difficulties while focusing on more important ones, or agreeing and settling for the sake of loved ones, and giving up some time with your friends to spend time with your family. Seems like a spotless principle to live by!

But what about settling down for less than you had hoped for or wanted, just a little less? Setting your goals to what seems “reachable”, focusing on what you “believe” you can get, rather on what you truly want? Will the end results be “similar”?

Remember that “just a little less” was at some point, the difference between an average physician and a world-class reputable surgeon; that it takes only a few foxes to ruin a Vineyard.

How would you be a prodigious physician if you settle for “pass”? life is all about making choices, and if a medical school has taught me something, it would be never to compromise; never settle for just a “pass” in my transcript or “good” in my evaluation, and certainly not an” average” magazine.

Life is not always black and white, and compromise is the grey of colors; thus learning when to compromise is understanding life!

In this Magazine, you will find the words of writers who poured their souls into paper, students spending sleepless nights preparing these pages and presenting this work, you will simply find the print of a marvelous team.

The human eye has been the subject of conflicting debates ever since the age of Plato, spanning back to the 4th century B.C, with some applauding the theory of extramission, others advocating intromission. Today the Human Eye is described as an organ that reacts to light and pressure, relaying the obtained information to the brain, thus allowing vision. Between the past, the present and the future, the “I” has been a subject of several debates, controversies, and theories. Fast forwarding our vision through your eyes is the theme of this issue.

We, the publications team, are proud to dedicate this magazine to the thousands of medical students in Jordan, and to an organization, we are proudest to be a part of.

Aws Al-Mukhtar Publications Support Division Director International Federation of Medical Students’ Association - Jordan

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MEET THE PUBLICATIONS SUPPORT DIVISION:

DIRECTOR

CHIEF EDITOR CHIEF WRITER

AWS ALMUKHTAR FARIS HADDAD

FARAH BANI HANI

TECHNICAL ASSISTANT

AHMAD AL MAGHARIAH

EDITORS

AHMAD MASWADEH

LUJAIN ABU RADDAD

ZAID NAJDAWI

WRITERS

AMR JARAJREH

LINA ALMAHMOUD

RUBA AJLOUNI

TAIF SARAIREH

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Dear Mothers, Thank yous are common this time of year, and for good reason, but they will never be enough; neither will this be, but the little things are the ones that count.

So Thank you for keeping a packet of plasters whenever you took me to my favorite playground, and for carrying me to bed whenever I fell asleep on the drive back from my grandparents. Thank you for coming in the head of night to put a blanket on me if I still seemed cold in bed, and for opening the door to let air in.

Thank you for always taking my side in an argument, and for forcing me to act mature when I had to.

Thank you for the sticks of gum, bananas, and pocket money before I headed out, and for letting me watch my favorite cartoons even when you wanted to watch something else.

All of these and so much more, but one last thank you must not be forgotten, thank you for being you

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ARTICLES

EMERALDS AYSHA HAJSALEH

You will see in the world what you carry in your heart – Creig Crippen

She was a quiet child by nature; the kind that would constantly disappear out of sight for hours on end, the kind

that you'd find crouched, chin tucked in, gaze fixed upon the creaky wooden board, occasionally housing a trail of ants walking up…down…up…down. At those moments her attention was so engrossed that you almost had to physically will her eyes to turn towards you. Her twinkling eyes always managed to look surprised, torn over the lost image from a few moments ago. Needless to say, it was difficult to attract her attention, but she was very good at attracting it. She was under the spotlight since day one; wherever she'd go she couldn't seem to shake away the whispers following her. It was hard not to, with those thick eyelashes framing her almond shaped orbits.

People's fascination was lost on them; they're sticking beauty, their vibrant appearance. “What a peculiar child,” they'd say. "A shame, she has such lovely eyes."

No one paid heed to the fire burning behind those emerald eyes, a longing for creation, for ideas beyond anyone’s realm of understanding, the hint of mischief waiting to be vocalized. A beauty only she could see. She dreamt of flying rabbits, glass trees, and soft-spoken felines. She saw a vibrant glow within the shapes and patterns around her. But no one understood; how could they when they never dared to look beyond her eye’s bewitching exterior? She didn’t get along with the other kids. Her interactions with peers were limited to Ethan, a young boy who was forced to accompany his parents every week, to spend an evening with her, or at least within her presence.

He'd grown used to the silence; he only ever came because his parents still considered him "too young" to be left home alone; he didn’t agree, he was a big boy he thought; he could take care of himself. After a few visits, he learned to always bring something to pass the time with. So he often found himself lying on the ground, examining his special card collection; something he always kept within the vicinity of his pockets, whilst she sat on the small bench underneath the window staring off into space.

Today was a bit different however. Ethan had decided that he has looked through his pack of cards far too many times. He found himself glancing at the unusual girl, wondering how she found gazing off into the distance was any form of entertainment.

"What are you looking at, Emily."

"A ballerina," She said, not even sparing him a glance.

Curiously, he drew nearer to see the object of her fascination, but all he saw was a broken lamppost flickering in the dark alley. The rain seemed to have stopped. "I don't see her." She directed her gaze back onto it and whispered "look, she's dancing with the flickering lights." She crooked lamppost stood translucent, the rain had washed away the smudges on the cracked glass, but the moonlight shined through the openings creating a whisper of light. A soft movement...and there she was, pirouetting in the distance. "Isn't she beautiful?" She sighed, head resting upon the window frame, eyes sparkling as she watched with soft eyes. He watched, eyes captivated by the new sight. “Yeah” Behind every eye is a world only they see, but if one tries hard enough, then perhaps, they too could see the magic that lies behind every eye.

They don’t understand the magic of your wonderland. And sometimes that doesn't matter. Because if an illusion feels this real, why wouldn't you live it?

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ARTICLES

OPHTHALMOLOGY SHAHAD IQNEIBI

” By far, the most important sense organs are our eyes. We perceive up to %80 of all sensations by means of our sight.”

This fact emphasizes the importance of our eyesight, not that it needs to be, considering we all recognize the degree of our dependence on it.

An ophthalmologist is essentially a doctor that deals with diseases related to the eye. Many scientists throughout history can be credited for starting ophthalmology, including Sushruta, an Indian surgeon, described 76 different ocular diseases, and several ophthalmological techniques and instruments in 800 BC. He was also the first surgeon to perform the cataract surgery. And Georg Bartisch, a German physician, who wrote about several ophthalmic disorders and surgeries in a manuscript known as the “Ophthalmodouleia: Das ist, Augendienst (In the Service of the Eye)” which got published in 1583. As well as, Hermann Von Helmholtz, a German physician and physicist, who invented the ophthalmoscope in 1851. His discovery was a huge breakthrough in the world of ophthalmology, as it enabled the interior of the eye to be examined.

Discoveries of eye diseases, their respective treatments, as well as surgeries, and equipment all advanced until they’ve given rise to our present-day eye hospitals, and still they continue to advance. The first eye hospital established was Moorfields Eye Hospital in England in 1805, founded by John Cunningham Saunders. It is still opened to this today, and is one of the largest eye hospitals in the world.

Currently, there’s a great focus on the prevention of eye defects as opposed to treating them. This is why regular eye tests are strongly encouraged. Unfortunately, six out of ten people develop visual problems in their lifetime. There are multiple contributing factors for these issues, one of which is sunlight. Exposure to UV radiation over extended periods can damage your eyes. This is why ophthalmologists advise people to wear ≥ %99 UV absorbent sunglasses, and for those who wear prescription glasses to purchase lenses that have a UV-protective coating or photochromic lenses which darken when exposed to UV light, blocking out the UV rays.

Protective measures can also be taken for those who use contact lenses, such as UV-protective contact lenses. There are two classes for those lenses: class I UV-blockers, which can block out over %90 of UVA and UVB radiation, offering higher protection, and are recommended for high exposure environments.

And class II UV-blockers, which offer less protection and are accordingly recommended for general purposes.

A well-known safety measure to avoid eye problems is limiting the use of phones or laptops to shorter durations and to steer clear from using them before going to sleep. This habit affects your eyes’ ability to adjust, which could lead to nearsightedness (also known as myopia), Myopia causes alterations in the shape of the eye which leads to an increased risk of glaucoma and retinal detachment. Limiting and balancing the time spent looking at screens is advised to reduce the strain on the eye. Another risk factor for visual problems is smoking; the culprit to many health problems. It can lead to vision loss, glaucoma, cataracts and dry eye syndrome. Cessation of this habit is another recommendation by professionals.

As previously mentioned, visual disorders are a very common issue, thus countless solutions for them arose.

For example; eyeglasses, contacts and for those who seek a route that doesn’t involve either, there is the well-established LASIK surgery; a quick and effective outpatient procedure that can correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism (blurry vision) by removing tissue from under the surface of the eye using a laser. This reshapes the eye enabling it to focus properly. There are various types of vision correction surgeries that lead to the same end results as LASIK. Examples include: Epi-LASIK, LASEK and PRK. Cataract surgery, accredited to Sushruta, is another procedure that is commonly undergone. Cataract develops on the lens of the eye, more often in the elderly, causing astigmatism. This surgery can correct the problem, restoring the patient’s vision by replacing the faulty lens with an artificial one.

As with all health problems, prevention surpasses treatment. That’s why regular eye checkups, not straining our eyes, getting a sufficient amount of sleep, and wearing our prescribed contact lenses or glasses are all measures we should incorporate into our day to day lives.

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ARTICLES

THE 20/80 RULE

TAKING THE WORLD BY STORM SINCE THE 1800S FARAH BANI HANI

Vilfredo Pareto, was an Italian economist born in 1848. Of course just like any other math-centered fellow, Pareto spent most of his days working on his theories and equations, trying to establish himself as a renowned economist during a time at which economy wasn’t yet established as a leading science. Little did he know that his legacy would be motioned by a single pea pod growing in his garden…

During his weekly garden inspection, Pareto noticed that a tiny number of pea pods in his garden produced the majority of the peas. Leading him to wonder if unequal distribution was present in other areas of life as well?

The Pareto Principle At the turn of the 20th century, Pareto was studying wealth in various nations. He began by analyzing the distribution of wealth in Italy. To his dismay, he found that approx. 80 percent of the land in Italy was owned by just 20 percent of the people. Most of the resources were predominantly controlled by a minority of the populace, similar to the pea pods in his garden.

He went on to analyze other nations and a pattern started to materialize. For instance, after he perused through the British income tax records, he noticed that approximately 30 percent of the population in Great Britain earned about 70 percent of the total income.

As Pareto’s research continued, he found that numbers were never identical, but the models were exceptionally consistent. This idea; that a small number of input, accounts for the majority of the output, became known as the Pareto Principle or, the 20/80 Rule.

Soon after the discovery and documentation of the 20/80 rule, the world’s eyes were opened to such concept. It became a corner stone for economist, business owners and scholars all over the world.

Influencing the question, Is inequality everywhere?

Can something like inequality be so inclusive; that it stretches to include the plant life? .

Examples of the Pareto Principle exist in everything, from real estate to wildlife distribution in the Amazon to World cup championships. 77 different nations have competed in the World Cup, only three countries: Germany, Italy and Brazil, were declared champions in 13 of the first 20 World Cup tournaments. A similar retrospective observation, showed that nearly half of all the championships in NBA history were won by only two franchises: the Boston Celtics and the Los Angeles Lakers.

Accumulative Advantage But why does this happen? Why does a minute proportion of the population have control over most resources? Scientist have been able to answer that question through an effect known as “accumulative advantage”, it theorizes that a small advantage during the initial stages of an ‘event’, gets bigger by time.

Imagine two plants growing side by side -similar to the pea pods-. Those two plants will be in a constant state of competition over sunlight and soil. If one plant had the advantage of growing slightly faster than the other, it will grow taller, gain more surface area for sunlight utilization and soak up water more efficiently.

This additional energy will allow for further growth.

This pattern continues in a positive feedback cycle, until the stronger plant dominates the other out and hoards the sunlight, soil, and nutrients.

Winner-Takes-All Winner Takes All, is another theory that aids in explaining the 20/80 rule. Since humans are often competing for the same resources. Politicians compete for the same votes. Movies compete for the same spots at the Box office and Tech. companies often cater to similar customers. The differences between corresponding options are rarely significant, but in such scenarios; where the outcome depends on the relative performance of a certain item, in comparison with the alternative option, it is clear; the winner enjoys substantially outsized profits.

Emphasizing the fact that slight differences in performance A Vs. performance B, can lead to unequal distribution of finances, assets and even gratitude. Proving inequality a universal phenomenon, that favors perfection

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‫َﺧ ٌ‬ ‫اﻟﻮ ِاﻗ َﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺎل َﻳ ُ‬ ‫ﺮﺳ ُﻢ َ‬

‫‪ARTICLES‬‬

‫‪RUBA AJLOUNI‬‬

‫ٌ‬ ‫ﺧَ ٌ‬ ‫ﻌﺠﺰات ﺗَ ﻤﺘَ ِﺰ ُج‬ ‫وﻣ‬ ‫أﺣﻼم ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ أﻣﺎم أﻋﻴﻨﻨﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﻮل إﻟﻰ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻴﺎل‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫آﻣﺎل ُ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺼﻮ َر ﻟﻨﺎ واﻗﻌﺎ اﻋﺘﻘﺪﻧﺎ وﺟﻮده ﻓﻲ أﺣﻼﻣﻨﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤﻦ اﻟﻴﻮم ﻧﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟِ ﺘُ ِّ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﻳﻄﻤﺢ وﻳﻔﻌﻞ َّ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼم‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺮ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫واﻟﺘّ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺳﻪ َﻛﻠِ َﻤ ُﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻄﻮﻳﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻮﺳﻌ‬ ‫ِﺑ‬ ‫َ ٌ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ ﻛﺎن وﻻ ﻳﺰال وﺳﻮف ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻻ َﻳﺘَ َﺼ َّﻮ ُر ُﻩ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫َﻋ ٌ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗَ ﺴﻠِ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻨّ ﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻄﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺒﺮ اﻟﺘّ ﺤﺪﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮاﺟﻪ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺿﻮء ّ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺗَ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺘّ‬ ‫ﻬﻤ ُﻠﻮن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻷزل‪،‬‬ ‫ﻨﺬُ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻌﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺌ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﻴﻮن‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ٌ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻮﺟ ُﻪ إﻟﻴﻬﻢ َﻣﻠِ ﻴﺌﺔٌ‬ ‫ِﺑ ُﺤ ّﺠﺔ اﻟﻘﺪر‪ُ ،‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮون ﻃﻔﺮةً ﻓﻲ ُﻣ ِ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻄﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ﻈ ٌ‬ ‫ﺮات ﺗَ ﺘَ َّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﺰن‪َ ،‬ﻣﻠِ ٌ‬ ‫ﺧﺎت ﺻﺎﻣﺘﺔ ﺗَ ﺸﺘَ ِﻌ ُﻞ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺸ َﻔ َﻘ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺴﺮة ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪َ ،‬ﺻ َﺮ ٌ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻟِ‬ ‫أﺣﺪٍ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻮم ِﺑﺈﻃﻔﺎﺋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺟ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻮﺑ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﺎق‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ وﻻ ﺗُ ﺤﺼﻰ‪ُ ،‬ﺳ ِﻤ َﻌﺖ أﺻﻮاﺗُ ﻬﻢ أﺧﻴﺮ ًا‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺪان‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ُﻣﺮور‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮات ﻻ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺼﺮ "اﻟﻌﻤﻰ" اﻟﻤﻌﻀﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ُﻳﺘَ َﻮ َّﻗﻊ أﺑﺪ ًا إﻳﺠﺎد ٍّ‬ ‫ﺟﺬري ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﺆﻻء‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ِّ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ُﺣ ِﺮ ُﻣﻮا ِﻣﻦ َأن ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻮا ﺣﻴﺎةً‬ ‫ﻌﻮﻣﺔ أﻇﻔﺎرﻫﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴ ًﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻛﻐﻴﺮ ِﻫﻢ ُﻣﻨﺬُ ﻧُ َ‬ ‫اﺗّ ﺨﺬوا ِﻣﻦ ّ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺰﻟﺔ ﻣﻮﻃﻨ ًﺎ وﺑﻴﺘ ًﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻌﺮون ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻈﻼم ﺻﺪﻳﻘ ًﺎ أﺑﺪﻳ ًﺎ ﻟﻬﻢ‪ُ ،‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِﺑ َﺄﻧّ ُﻬﻢ ﻋﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ وأﻧّ ُﻬﻢ ُﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻮن‪ ،‬ﺗُ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﻫﻢ اﻟﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﺰﻫ ُﺮ َﻋ ُ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﻮان َﻗ ّ‬ ‫ﺒﻬ ُﺮﻧﺎ داﺋﻤﺎ ﺑﺈﻳﺠﺎدِ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻂ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑﻘ ُﻨﺒ َﻠ ِﺔ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﺼﺮ‪ ،‬اﻟﺬي ُﻳ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺗَ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎل أﺣﺪٍ ﺑﺄﻧّ ﻬﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗُ ﺤﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺨﻄ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻵﻓﺎت‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻵوﻧﺔ اﻻﺧﻴﺮة دراﺳﺔ ﻓﺮﻳﺪة ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼج‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻌﻼج‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻼج ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬أوﺟﺪﺗﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻔﺌﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻐﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻨﺪرج ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺿﻰ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أن اﻟﻌﻼج‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻪ‪-‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫اﻷو‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫اﻟﻌﻼج‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ إﻋﺎدة اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ ﻟﻸﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﻦ اﺿﻄﺮاب‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪن‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻮروﺛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ إﺣﺪى اﻷﺑﺤﺎث اﻟﺘﻲ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘّ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﺮض ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫"ﻟﻮزﻳﺎﻧﺎ"‪،‬‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴ‬ ‫ﺤﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ال ‪ ١٢١‬ﻟﻸﻛﺎدﻳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ ،٢٠١٧‬ﻓﻲ اﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎع ّ‬ ‫أن اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻓﻘﺪوا ﻧﻈﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﺮض‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﺐ اﻟﻌﻴﻮن‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺮي‬ ‫ٍّ‬ ‫وراﺛﻲ )ﻣﺮض اﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻮروﺛﺔ( ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﻢ اﺳﺘﻌﺎدة ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‪ُ ،‬ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫إن اﻟﻔﺌﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﻢ إﺧﻀﺎﻋﻬﻢ ﻟﻬﺬه ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ )ﻟﻴﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻓﻘﺪ اﻟﺒﺼﺮ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وراﺛﻲ ﻳﺼﻴﺐ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﺗﻴﻮدور ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺮ(‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ أﻧّ ﻪ ﻣﺮض‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﻣﻜﺘﺸﻔﻪ ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ورم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪث‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ُﻣﻨﺬُ اﻟﻮﻻدة‪،‬‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ واﺣﺪ ًا ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺋﺘﻲ ﺟﻴﻦ َﻋ َﺜ َﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮارث‪،‬‬ ‫ﺟﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻮ‬ ‫ﻃﻔﺮة أو‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻳﺆدي ﺗَ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﻮﻫﻬﺎ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪوث ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ أﻣﺮاض اﻟﻌﻤﻰ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻲ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺤﻤﻠﻮن اﻟﺠﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪم ﻗﺪرﺗﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ إﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺮوﺗﻴﻦ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﺎدةً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮء ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎﻻ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫إﺷﺎرات ﺗُ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬا ﻻ ﻳﺮى اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻮن ّ‬ ‫ﺮﺳﻞ إﻟﻰ ّ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻮﺷﺔ أو‬ ‫أﺿﻮاء ﺳﺎﻃﻌﺔ‪ .‬وﻳﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﺪى اﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ إﻟﻰ آﺧﺮ‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ً‬ ‫إﻻ أن ﻳﻔﻘﺪوا أﺑﺼﺎرﻫﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺒﺜﻮن ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬

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‫اﻟﻤﺸﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﻞ إﻟﻰ ﺟﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ دون أن ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮاﺗﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﻮﻩ ُﻳﺼﺎﺑﻮن‬ ‫أن اﻷﻃﻔﺎل اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺮﺛﻮن ﻧﺴﺨﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫إﻻ ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪوث‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ِّ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ ١‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺮض ﻧَ ﺎدِ َر ُ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮض‪ّ .‬‬ ‫‪ ٨٠٫٠٠٠‬ﻓﺮد ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻳﻜﻮن َﺳ َﺒ ُﺒ ُﻪ واﺣﺪ ًا أو أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺟﻴﻨ ًﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔ ًﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻌﻼج‬ ‫ﻗﺎم ﻃﺒﻴﺐ اﻟﻌﻴﻮن ﺳﺘﻴﻔﻦ راﺳﻞ أﺣﺪ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ ّ‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ آﺧﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ آﻳﻮا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت اﻟﻤﺘّ ﺤﺪة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺘّ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ أﻇﻬﺮت ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ّأول‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬه‬ ‫ﻄﻮرات‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أن ‪ ٢٧‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ٢٩‬ﻣﺮﻳﻀ ًﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫)أي ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎرب ‪ ٩٣‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺌﺔ( َﺷ ِﻬ ُﺪوا ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻨﺎت ﺻﺎدﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ رؤﻳﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫أﻧّ ﻪ أﺻﺒﺢ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﻢ اﻟﺘّ ﻨﻘﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺘﺎﻫﺔ ذو ﺿﻮء ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ إﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮء‪ ،‬وﺗﻄﻮر ًا ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺴﻨ ًﺎ واﺿﺤ ًﺎ ﻓﻲ إﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ّ‬ ‫أﻇﻬﺮوا ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺘﻴﻦ َﻳﻌﺠﺰان ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﺆﻻء اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ‬ ‫أﻫﻢ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴ‬ ‫ّاﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻟﺔ وراﺛﻴ ًﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻄﻮي اﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺨﺪام ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﺮوﺳﺎت‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻤﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺆذﻳﺔ ﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻔﻴﺮوﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺔ ‪-‬ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أي ﻃﻔﺮة‪ -‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻴﻨﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﺒﺎء ﺑﺤﻘﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﺎرات ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮم‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴﻮن اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ اﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺿﻰ ﺑﺮؤﻳﺔ اﻷﺷﻜﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼج ﻻ ﻳﻌﻴﺪ ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫إن ُﻣ ّﺪة‬ ‫واﻟﻀﻮء‪،‬‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻤﺎح ﻟﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎف دون ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أي ُﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة‪ّ .‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼج ﻟﻴﺴﺖ واﺿﺤﺔ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻵن‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪة ﻋﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﺷﺎرك أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٢٠٠‬ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻟﻠﺒﺼﺮ )ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺮ(‬ ‫رؤﻳﺘﻬﻢ ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻲ ُﻣﻨﺬُ ﻋﺎم ‪.٢٠٠٧‬‬ ‫اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺎﻟﻴ ًﺎ ﻗﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إن ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻼج‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻌﺪ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻲ ُﻳ ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أي ﻋﻼج ﻟﻠﺠﻴﻨﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴ‬ ‫واﻟﺪواء‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺬاء‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أي ﻣﺮض ﻣﻦ أﻣﺮاض‬ ‫ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺔ اﻹدارة ﻟﻤﺮض‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ أو ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫إن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺻﺪور اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ أﻗﺼﺎه ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻮن اﻷﺧﺮى‪ّ .‬‬ ‫‪.٢٠١٨‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫إن ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ﺳﻮف ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺎﺑ ًﺎ أﻣﺎم اﻟﻌﻼﺟﺎت‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﺎف أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٢٢٥‬ﻃﻔﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﻔﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﻰ‪ ،‬وﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻼج أﻳﻀ ًﺎ‬ ‫أي ﻣﺮض ﺑﺼﺮي آﺧﺮ ﻧﺎﺟﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺧﻠﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻬﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺒﻐﻲ أو ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وﻋﻴﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ أن ﻳﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻲ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻴﻨﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺮاض اﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﻴﻮﻋ ًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎدة ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻘﻌﻲ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻤﻮر‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻠﻖ اﻟﻤﻌﺠﺰات‪َ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ َﻣﻨﺢ ﺣﻴﺎة‬ ‫ﺪرﺗَ ُﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧَ ِ‬ ‫وﻫﻜﺬا أﺛﺒﺖ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﺼﺮ ُﻗ َ‬ ‫ﻔﻬ ُﻤﻮا ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺒ َﺼﺮ‪َ ،‬ر َﺳ َﻢ اﻹﺑﺘﺴﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫َﺟﺪِ ﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﻗﻂ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ِﻫ َﺒ ِﺔ َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻹﺷﺨﺎص ﻟﻢ َﻳ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺘَ‬ ‫ﺘَ‬ ‫ﻧَ‬ ‫ﻮر ِ‬ ‫ﻮد ُﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮﻳ‬ ‫أﺑﻮاب‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﺰﻟ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺨﻴﻠﻮا ُو ُﺟ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُﺛ ُﻐ ِ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ أﺣﻼﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻮا ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪون‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﻠﻮ ﻟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫أي أﺣﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎت أو‬ ‫أي‬ ‫أواﻣﺮ ِﻣﻦ ِّ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻠﻤﻮن دون أﺧﺬ ّ‬ ‫ٍ‬

ARTICLES

SUPERS LIVING AMONGST US CONTROLLING THE WORLD WITH OUR EYES

FARAH BANI HANI

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hat would it feel like to wake up one day and realize you are helpless? To lose the ability to perform the most basic of acts; the activities you came to know and love are no longer an option. A tennis rack, a spoon, and a tooth brush were once inconsequential items, but have become sheer luxury.

What would it feel like to wake up one day and realize you are helpless? For me and you, that question is utter fantasy; even trying to muster an answer would be the work of a hyperactive imagination. To others, it is reality.

An infection that left the boy who loved playing on the swings paralyzed. A road traffic accident left the family dentist with a permanent spinal cord injury. A traumatic birth bestowed your neighbor’s son with cerebral palsy. An occupational injury left the local farmer with severe carpal tunnel, and the courageous grandmother that was referred to a neurologist after her orthopedic appointment, to be diagnosed with ALS later that same month.

To sit under the sun on a Friday afternoon, free to roam the wonders of the universe with your pristine intellectual abilities, but unable to stretch your arm to reach the lily lingering to your right; Lilium, member of the family Liliaceous; the simple lily was once the family’s table favorite, a delight to plant and a joy to look at, has become nothing but an ungraspable, hopeful dream.

Millions of innocent people have their lives’ morphed each year; whether you’re three, twenty-eight or seventy nine, it can happen to the best of us. Neuromuscular disorders and motor disabilities are a group of diseases that affect different muscles and nerves, leaving people suffering from various motor disabilities. But when a hand fails to perform, a foot fails to hold your weight above waistline and a tongue proves unable to pronounce “I Love You” to those we care about, comes two small spherical gems to the rescue, with a vertical diameter of an inch, we are left to rely solely on one and two.

Eye tracking technology, has become accessible to people with motor disabilities worldwide, all it requires is a set of eyes, a computer and software. Ever since the launch of the beta software years ago, there has been a rise in the number of developers that offer such technology; delivered to targeted customers at different price points, making such revolutionary communication method are relatively easily accessible. Imagine how we use our fingers to type, and click a mouse to navigate from page to page.

How we gracefully move our tongues to translate thoughts into audio, the same happens here, but eyes become virtual fingers.

An eye tracker device emits invisible infra-red light that is received by the user’s eyes, then the reflected light from the retina and cornea is retrieved by two camera sensors, the tracker then creates a 3D model of the user’s eyes to determine where the user is looking on the corresponding screen, also known as the gaze point; it also determines the location where the user’s eyes are at, relative to the monitor. Similarly to how we control the mouse or touchpad with our hand to select desired functions, the user will be able to select letters and tabs that would ultimately give the ability to send text messages, communicate with friends on Facebook, Skype with family members, create artwork, compose a musical piece, or simply convert selected words into audio form without the requirement of muscular mobility.

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ARTICLES

FARAH BANI HANI Fourth Year student at JUST Chief Writer at the IFMSA-Jo Publications Team

After watching videos of individuals benefiting from such technology, and living first hand with a beautiful soul that suffered from motor neuron disease, I learnt that life is a privilege, to be able to walk to fetch a glass of water at 3 am is a privilege, the ability to ease that pesky itch you get on the tip of your nose is a privilege. The constant state awareness and compensatory heightened sensory abilities is a curse. To be physically stuck in point zero while your brain has run off to the edge of the universe is a perplexing concept, almost impossible to conceptualize.

The innovations we have been witnessing in the field of disabilities are remarkable. Individuals with physical ailments, who were considered a burden on society at one point, nowadays have become leading members of their communities; thanks to such technologies that were able to give a person the ability to communicate freely with friends and family, to accord the power needed to control their surrounding environment, and most importantly to grant the gift of independence; all made possible by a simple gaze.

“My advice to other disabled people would be, concentrate on things your disability doesn't prevent you doing well, and don't regret the things it interferes with. Don't be disabled in spirit as well as physically�

Stephen William Hawking 2018-1942

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ARTICLES

THE CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EYE HAMZAH ALSHAHWAN

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illiam Shakespeare once said, “The eyes are the windows to your soul,” and I couldn’t agree more.

The power of the human eye is astonishing by all measures; after all, it is the organ that connects our consciousness with the outside world. To understand more about this divine gift from a cultural perspective, allow me to take you on a brief journey through time.

Religious depth The eye of Horus, ever heard of it before? Ancient Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses who governed different aspects of their world. Horus was a god of the sky, and was chosen to rule the living world. We cannot underestimate the expression “The eye of Horus” as it was considered a powerful protection symbol in ancient Egypt. In fact, it influenced the symbology of succeeding civilizations, even up to our present day communities.

A symbol that gained prominence during the Middle Ages; after the rise of Christianity, was the “Eye of Provenance”. Many Christians associated the belief that god is omniscient with the Eye of Providence, in which symbolized being watched over. The influence of all these beliefs can be found in current times, if you check the back of a US dollar bill for instance; you will find the all-seeing eye of god.

Cultural aspect Why are there multiple associations between religions and the eye? Connections, eyes are crucial to make connections between human beings and, for many religions, with gods or goddesses. Eyes are probably the most symbolic sensory organ; they can provide a gateway to souls. Other qualities that eyes are commonly associated with include vigilance, moral conscience, and truth; furthermore, looking someone in their eyes is a western custom of honesty and trust, so inversely, covering your eyes with sunglasses or wearing a cap can mean mystery. However, the obscuring of one’s eyes can convey respect like in Asian communities, and modesty for women in Middle Eastern ones.

Science behind it Recent studies have suggested that the color of our eyes is somehow related to our personality and behavior! Scientists at Orebro University in Sweden studied 428 subjects to see if their personalities were linked to the irises in their eyes; they were able to identify that the genes responsible for eye color are also linked to those that from our frontal lobes (brain front); which control our behavior. “Our results suggest people with different iris features tend to develop along different personality lines,' said Matt Larsson, a behavioral scientist who led the study at Orebro University.” Therefore, they are in some way related, thus there are distinctly shared behaviors between people who have the same color*.

It is such a blessing to have healthy eyesight, which is a true gift from god that some of us are deprived from. So cherish it and make the most out of it, and remember to eat carrots.

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WINDOWS OF THE WORLD LINA ALMAHMOUD

Have you ever thought about the blessings you have?

We all have, but we certainly have only thought about some. It takes one’s imaging of the worst sometime to realize how blessed they are for being able to see their loved ones, enjoy the sunset, and read books. To value our blessings, one anatomist once suggested “if you want to know how important a thing is, imagine its absence.” Diving into how crucial it is to see, we will act like we were born blind. From this point I can tell, our journey begins.

Sight, some would say, is the most important sense of the 5 senses in human beings. It is our window to the world; by which we enjoy seeing the various colors of the world, detect surrounding dangers, or even communicate with others. Some studies have also shown that the eyes have a tasting ability, although it is very weak; however this explains why when we sometimes see food, we can tell whether it tastes good.

Taking first impressions about people is a massive role of the eye too, as you look at people’s facial expressions, posture, and body language to build your own primary thoughts about them.

As the eyes are your windows to the world, they are the windows to your heart, because when you feel happy or sad, your eyes will certainly tell that you are.

What if we had lost all the previously mentioned eye roles, how would life be?! Well, thinking about being blind for a while might lead you to the conclusion that it restricts you from doing a lot of stuff, but this is actually the first step for others to blossom in their lives. Helen Keller is one in a million; she was the first case to be registered as blind-deaf but that did not stop her from becoming great. She had a bachelor degree of arts, became a lecturer and she was ranked as one of the most powerful women in the world! The list of her achievements gets only longer; her sincere belief that she can make it anywhere because her-so-called disability can help her reach glory as she thought of it as a strength rather than a weakness.

To see the world does not necessarily mean that we all see it the same, but to see it from your own perspective. As Ibn AL Haitham realized that the eye receives light from objects but does not have a lighting ability, all in a century when philosophers were the only thinking power.

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‫ﻣﺬﻛﺮات ﻗﻠﻘﺔ ‪...‬‬

‫‪ARTICLES‬‬

‫‪TAIF AL-SARAIREH‬‬

‫و اﻟﻔﺮق ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ أﻧﻨﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ أﺣﺒﺒﺘﻪ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺴﻬﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن )ﻋﻠﻲ( ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ إﻻ وﺣﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻴﺎل اﻟﻴﺎﻧﻊ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻛﺘﺒﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻞ رواﻳﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺷﻌﺮ وﻗﺼﺔ وﻣﻘﺎل‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ أﻋﺸﻘﻪ أﻧﺎ ‪ ..‬ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ أﻛﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻘﻴﻦ أن اﻟﻄﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﺮاﺳﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ َأﻛﻞ‬ ‫وﺿﻌﺖ اﺳﻤﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮا‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻤﺎت اﻷدب أﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﺸﻖ اﻟﺨﻔﺎء‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﻓ ٍّﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ و ﺷﺮب؛ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻜﻮن أول ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻴﺎه‪ ،‬و اﻧﻌﻜﺎف ﺷﺎرﺑﻴﻪ‪ ،‬و ﻫﺎﻟﺔ وﺟﻬﻪ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُ ﺮى ﻛﺘﻮﻟﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺒﺪ‪ ،‬وﻗﻌﺖ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‪ ،‬و ﺷﻜﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻬﺎ اﻧﻔﺠﺎرا ﻣﺪوﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ رﻛﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ادى اﻟﻰ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ اﻟﺘﺄﺗﺄة و اﻻﻣﺘﻌﺎض اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺎﻟﺴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺘﻘﻄﻬﺎ ذو اﻟﻠﺠﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎم ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻬﺎ و اﻋﻄﺎءه اﻳﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻐﺮور اﻟﻤﺘﺴﻠﻂ اﻟﻤﺰﻋﺞ‪ ،‬اﻟﺬي ﻣﺎ زال ﻳﺮﺗﺪي ﻧﻈﺎراﺗﻪ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ و ﺗﺒﺴﻢ ﻟﻠﺘﻮ وأﻛﻤﻞ ﻣﺸﻴﻪ ﻛﻤﺎﺷﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﺎزه ﻗﺘﻴﻞ أرداه ﻟﻠﺘﻮ!‬ ‫أﻧﻬﻴﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺪة دﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻟﻮﺣﺘﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻴﺒﺔ وأﻏﻠﻘﺖ ﺟﻬﺎزي اﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮل وﺷﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺮوج‪ ،‬إﻻ أن ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﺎ ﻻﻣﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻرﺿﻴﺔ اﺳﺘﻮﻗﻔﻨﻲ‬ ‫وأدرﻛﺖ ﻟﻠﺘﻮ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﺋﺪة ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺠﺮف ﻗﺒﻴﻞ رﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ‪ ،‬أﺧﺬﺗﻬﺎ ﻷﺳﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻷﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻟﻴﺮدوﻫﺎ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﺣﻴﻦ وﺻﻮﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﻷول‬ ‫وﺟﺪﺗﻪ واﻗﻒ‪ ،‬وان ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﻋﻲ اﻟﻐﺮاﺑﺔ ﻫﻮ اﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ زال ﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﺘﺤﺪث ﻣﻊ اﺣﺪاﻫﻦ و ﻳﺒﺘﺴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺤﻮه ﻷﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺗﺄﻛﺪا ﻋﻤﺎ ﻓﻘﺪه ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎدﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ‘اﺧﻲ’‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮد ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻨﺠﻪ اﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﻔﻔﺖ ﻋﺪة ﻣﺮات ﺑﻴﺪي ﺑﻀﺮب اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎح ﺑﺎﺑﻬﺎﻣﻲ‪ ،‬اﻻ اﻧﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺮة اﻻﺧﻴﺮة اﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﻓﺠﺎة‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮي ﺑﺪون ﺳﺎﺑﻖ اﻧﺬار؛ و دون أن ﻳﻨﺘﺒﻪ ان ﻳﺪي اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺟﺪا ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ واﻟﺘﻲ أوﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻮ؛ ﺳﺎﻛﺒﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻬﻮﺗﻪ‪...‬‬ ‫"اﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺠﺮف اﻟﻐﺒﻲ ﻟﻘﺪ اﻓﺴﺪت ﻟﻠﺘﻮ ﻟﻮﺣﺘﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ أﻻ ﺗﺮى!"؛ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ اﻛﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺠﻤﻠﺘﻲ ﺟﺎء ﺻﻮت ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ ﻫﺎﻣﺴﺎ"ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺮى‪،‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ أﻋﻤﻰ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ اﻟﺴﻤﻊ‪ ،‬و ﺷﻜﺮ ﻟﻚ آﻧﺴﺘﻲ"؛ ﺗﻨﺎول اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ واﻗﺘﺮب ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻪ ذي اﻟﻨﻈﺎرات اﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮة اﻟﺴﺒﺐ اﻻن ﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎن ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻧﺴﺔ اﺣﻀﺮت ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺤﻪ اﻟﺘﻲ اوﻗﻌﻬﺎ وﻣﺎ اﻛﻤﻞ ﺟﻤﻠﺘﻪ اﻻ وﻗﺪ اﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﻧﺤﻮي ﺷﺎﻛﺮا "اﺷﻜﺮك اﻧﺴﺘﻲ و أأﺳﻒ ﻟﻌﺪم اﻧﺘﺒﺎﻫﻲ ﻟﻚ وﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﻻ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺣﻘﺎ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ اﻻﺻﻮات َ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻬﺎ واﺳﻒ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻷﻏﺮاﺿﻚ ﻻ اﻋﻠﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﺄﻋﻮﺿﻚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ"‬ ‫‪ ،‬رددت ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮب ﻣﻨﻤﻖ و ﺻﻮت ﻣﺘﺸﻨﺞ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮم ﻟﻠﻨﻔﺲ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ اﺗﻤﻤﺖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻲ و اﻧﺎ أﻓﻜﺮ ﺑﻤﺪى ﻏﺒﺎﺋﻲ وﻛﺒﺮﻳﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺠﻬﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ذي اﻟﺸﺎرﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﺼﺪرت ﺧﺎﻃﺮي اﻵن‪....‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻴﻮم أدرﻛﺖ ً‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺎ أﻧﻨﻲ ّ‬ ‫أﺗﺼﺪر أواﺋﻞ ﺳﻴﺌﻲ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎس‪ ،‬أم أن ﻣﻬﺠﺔ ّ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ ٣‬أﻳﺎم ‪٢٠٠١-٤-١٢ ،‬؛ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﻮت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻼم‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ زﻟﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻻن اﻓﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ذات اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع؛ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ وأن اﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻲ اﻻن اﺻﺒﺢ ان اﻋﻴﺪ اﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ أﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﺣﻜﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﺸﺮ ﻛﻲ ﻻ أﺧﻄﺊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ أﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ أﺧﻄﺄت ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺻﻮت اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺿﺮ اﻵن ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﺨﻴﻠﺘﻲ ﻟﻴﻌﻠﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺟﻠﺴﺔ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﺮي واﻟﺬات‪" :‬ﻳﺎ آﻧﺴﺔ إن ﻛﺎن ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎه ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻠﺘﺨﺒﺮﻳﻨﺎ" ﻗﺎﻟﻬﺎ وﻫﻮ ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺑﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﻪ ﻟﻲ؛ و ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ أع ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻪ اﻻﻋﻨﺪ وﺧﺰ زﻣﻴﻠﺘﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻲ‪" :‬ﺳﺎرة‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﺒﻬﻲ‬ ‫اﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﻟﻚ ﺳﺎرة‪..‬ﺳﺎرة ‪ "...‬ﺗﻤﺘﻤﺖ ﺑﺼﻮت رﻓﻴﻊ وﻗﻠﻖ‪" :‬أﻋﺘﺬر ﻣﻨﻚ د‪.‬أﺣﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺄﻛﻮن ﻳﻘﻀﺔ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى" ﻗﻠﺘﻬﺎ واﻧﺎ اﻋﺘﺬر ﻣﺠﺪدا‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﺳﺄﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﺘﻲ أﺛﻨﺎء ﻣﺸﻴﻨﺎ ﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع اﻟﺬي ﻳﺸﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻟﻘﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﺬي اﻟﻘﻠﺐ اﻟﻴﺎﻧﻊ واﻟﻠﺠﻴﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﻣﻖ وﻋﻦ ﺿﻤﻴﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺄﻟﻢ ﻣﻨﺬ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺤﻴﻦ و ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﺗﻮﻗﻔﺖ ﻷﻋﻄﻲ ﺑﺼﺮي اﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﻴﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﺎ رأى أﻣﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﺰﻣﺎن اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ؛‬ ‫رأﻳﺘﻪ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى؛ ﻻ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻪ "إﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﺮﺻﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﺘﺬار ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻮرا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺠﺮﻓﺘﻲ و ﺳﻮء ﻇﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻓﻘﻂ أن اﻟﻘﻲ اﻟﺘﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪....‬ﻏﺒﻴﺔ اﻧﺎ!! أي ﺗﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎد ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻨﻲ ‪...‬اووووووووﻓﺖ إﻧﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻟﻦ اﻓﻌﻞ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺳﺄدﻳﺮ ﺿﻬﺮي و اذﻫﺐ ل‪"..‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ؛ اﻟﺬي اﺧﺬ ﻣﺎ اﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﺬ اول ﻓﻜﺮة ﻋﻦ ﻋﺠﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺧﺬﺗﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫"ﻳﺎ آﻧﺴﺔ " ﻧﺎدى ﻋﻠﻲ ﺻﻮت أﻟﻔﺘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ذﻟﻚ؛ إﻧﻪ اﻟﻮﺟﻪ اﻟﺒﺸﻮش ذاﺗﻪ؛ ﺻﺪﻳﻖ ّ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ ٧‬ﺳﻨﻴﻦ؛ ‪ ٢٠٠٧-٦-٣‬؛ اﻟﻤﻮت اﻷﺳﻮد ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺐ ﻋﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ زاﻟﺖ ﻓﻜﺮة زواﺟﻲ ﻟﻼن ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺣﻘﺎ رﻏﻢ اﻧﻨﻲ اﺗﻮق ﻻن اﻛﻮن أﻣﺎ؛ ﻻ ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ وﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ اﺧﺒﺮت ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪار‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ اﻧﻨﻲ ﺳﺎﻋﺰف ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻌﻠﻲ؛ ﻗﺎﻟﻮ ﻟﻲ ﻣﺮارا ان ﻫﺬا ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ اﻻ اﻧﻬﻢ ﻗﺒﻠﻮا اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ؛ واﻗﻊ اﻟﻔﺘﺎة اﻟﻲ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻧﺪى؛ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻔﺘﺎة اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺮدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺘﺒﺘﻬﺎ د‪.‬ﺧﻮﻟﺔ اﻷﺣﻤﺪي ﻓﻲ رواﻳﺔ ‘ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ اﻧﺜﻰ ﻋﺒﺮﻳﺔ’‪ .‬ﻧﻌﻢ‪ ،‬اﻧﻬﺎ اﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻄﺎﻟﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﻜﺮت ﻓﻲ إﺑﺪاع‬ ‫اﻷﺣﻤﺪي ﻓﻲ ﻃﻴﺎت رواﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ و ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ أﻛﻦ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻨﻲ ﺳﺂﺧﺬ ﻛﺜﻴﺮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻤﺮد ﻓﻲ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺤﻴﺎﺗﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻻﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺎ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺮاب اﻟﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫دراﺳﺘﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ وﻓﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺮح ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻫﻴﺄﻧﻲ ﻷي ﺻﺪﻣﺔ وأي ﺗﺨﺒﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ؛ وﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ و أن ّ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﻦ ﻳﺪي؛ ﻣﺎ زﻟﺖ اذﻛﺮ اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ذاك اﻟﻤﺴﺎء‪.‬‬

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‫‪TAIF SARAIREH‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪوﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪوﻧﺎت ﻫﺎﻓﺒﻮﺳﺖ ؛ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮة ؛ﻣﻨﺼﺔ ﻫﻮاء ؛‬ ‫و ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﺑﻮﺳﺖ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﺎب‬ ‫رﺳﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺎﻃﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻣﻬﺘﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﻄﻮﻋﻴﺔ ؛‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺿﺠﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻣﺒﺎدرات ﻟﻸردن‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺘﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻨﻮوﻳﻪ‬

‫‪ARTICLES‬‬

‫‪Mutah University, second year‬‬

‫**اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ؛ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﺴﺎء اﻟﻤﺨﻤﻠﻲ‪:٢٠٠٢-٨-١ ،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎء و اﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﻮع ﻟﻜﻞ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻣﺨﻤﻮرﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺐ **‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻮم ﻳﻜﺘﻤﻞ ﻗﻤﺮ اول ﺳﻨﺔ ﻟﻲ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﺎ؛ ﻟﻢ اﺗﺨﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻨﻲ ﺳﺄﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺐ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ اﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ؛ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺸﺎب اﻟﻤﺜﻘﻒ‬ ‫واﻟﺨﺠﻮل واﻟﺮاﻗﻲ واﻟﺮاﺋﻊ؛ اﻟﺬي أﺣﺒﻨّ ﻲ ﻟﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ؛ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺒﺼﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺗﻲ وﻻ ﻣﻨﺤﻮﺗﺎﺗﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ اﻗﻀﻲ اﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﻐﻞ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻠﻬﺎ؛ وﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺻﻘﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺠﺎر وﺟﻬﻪ؛ واﻫﺪﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺼﺮ اﻧﺎﻣﻠﻪ وﺟﻬﻪ ﻻول ﻣﺮة ﻣﻨﺬ ارﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻰ واﻟﻈﻼم؛ اﺧﺒﺮﻧﻲ ﻳﻮﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫أﻧﻨﻲ اذا ﻛﻨﺖ اﺷﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺄن ﻋﻠﻲ أن اﺗﻮﻗﻒ؛ ﻟﻢ ادرك ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﻮﻫﺖ ﺑﻪ "ﻟﻢ اﺷﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻛﺸﻔﻘﺘﻚ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ اﻋﺘﺬرت ﻣﻨﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺪر ﻟﻲ ﺑﺎن أﺧﺴﺮ اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺘﺤﻤﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺳﻮب ﻓﻲ اﺧﺮ ﻣﺎدة ﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة‪ ،‬و ﻟﻠﺘﻲ رﺑﺤﺖ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻴﻮم اﻟﺬي ّ‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﺟﻮد"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ أﺳﺒﻮع ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن ﻟﻘﺎء ﻋﺎﺋﻼﺗﻨﺎ اﻷول؛ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻮا ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬا وﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﺣﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺤﺐ ﺣﻘﺎ أﻋﻤﻰ‪ ،‬اﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺒﺼﺮ أي ﺷﻲء؛‬ ‫اذ ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻌﻮرﻧﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺛﻨﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﻘﻠﺐ و ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ ان ﻳﺼﻞ ﻻي ﻣﻦ اﻋﺼﺎﺑﻨﺎ اﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﺔ وﻻ اي ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﺮﻧﺎ واﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺠﺮﻳﺌﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻃﻦ‬ ‫آﻻف اﻟﻤﻼﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ دﻣﺎﻏﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻜﺎد ﻳﻜﻮن ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻌﺠﺐ ﻓﻲ أﻣﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬اﻻ اﻧﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ؛ اﻟﺤﺐ أﻋﻤﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺎرﺋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫**‪٢٠٠٢-١٠-٤‬؛ اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﺎدﺳﺔ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮل ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﻻدة ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺮة واﺣﺪة؛ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﻮﻟﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺿﺮﺑﺔ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ ﺑﻨﺎ أرﺿﺎ و ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻮﻣﻲ ﻫﺬا **‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻴﻮم؛ ﻧﺼﺒﺢ زوﺟﻴﻦ رﺳﻤﻴﺎ؛ و اﺳﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻬﺒﺘﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻲ اﻋﻄﺎﻧﻲ اﻳﺎﻫﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻔﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ان اﻫﺒﻪ اﺣﺪى ﻗﺮﻧﻴﺘﻲ‪ ،‬و ﻛﻮﻧﻲ اﻻن زوﺟﺘﻪ ﻓﺈن اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ اﺳﻬﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ذي ﻗﺒﻞ اﻻ اﻧﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﺖ اﻟﻴﻮم و ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ّ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻪ اﻟﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﻣﻨﺪدا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫زﺟﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮب‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻘﻮم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫أﺧﺒﺮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮﻓﺾ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮﻓﺾ؛‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻄﻊ اﺧﺒﺎر ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻳﺎي ﺑﺎﻧﻨﻲ ان ﻟﻢ أﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻓﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﻤﺎ ﻻ اﺣﺐ ان اراه ﻣﻨﻪ‪...‬‬ ‫أﺧﺒﺮﺗﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺎرﺋﻲ أن ﺣﺒﻲ ﻛﺎن أﻋﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ؛ أﺣﺒﺒﺖ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺼﻪ ﻓﻲ ذاﺗﻪ ووﻋﺪت ﻧﻔﺴﻲ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﻴﻠﻪ وﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ داﺋﻤﺎ ﻣﺎ أﻓﺸﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫**‪٢٠٠٣-١-٢‬؛ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﺼﻴﺮ ؛ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻻن **‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮد‪" :‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ان ﺗﻌﻠﻢ اﻧﻨﻲ ﻟﻦ اﻗﻮم ﺑﺎﻳﻘﺎظ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺮة اﺧﺮى ﻟﻴﺤﻀﺮك‬ ‫ﺻﻮت اﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ اﻟﻤﺰﻋﺞ ﻣﺮة ﺗﻠﻮ اﻻﺧﺮى‪ ،‬ادرﻛﺖ اﻻن ان ّ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اي ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻨﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺨﻤﻮرا اﻵن و ﻟﻦ اﻗﻮم اﻧﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ اﻳﻀﺎ و ل‪ "...‬رددت و ﻟﻜﻦ ﺻﻮﺗﺎ ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺎ ﻗﺎﻃﻌﻨﻲ "ﺳﻴﺪﺗﻲ ﻫﺬا اﺧﺮ رﻗﻢ ﻫﺎﺗﻒ ﻗﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻪ؛ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺻﻠﺔ ﻗﺮاﺑﺘﻚ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺎ اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻂ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻧﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ"؛ "ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ؟ أﻧﺎ زوﺟﺘﻪ… زوﺟﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎذا ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ… ﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻲ أﻳﻦ ﻫﻮ زوﺟﻲ ﺳﺄﺣﻀﺮه اﻻن‪ ،‬ﻟﻦ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ"؛ " ﺳﻴﺪﺗﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﺤﻀﻮر ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ ﺣﺎﻻ و إﺣﻀﺎر إﺛﺒﺎﺗﺎﺗﻪ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ " ؛ رددت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ" ﺣﺎﺿﺮ و ﻟﻜﻦ اﻳﻦ زوﺟﻲ "‪" ،‬ﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﺤﻀﻮر أوﻻ"؛ و أﻗﻔﻞ اﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﻗﺒﻞ ان ﻳﺘﺴﻨﻰ ﻟﻲ اﻟﺮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ؛ ﺟﺮﻋﺔ زاﺋﺪة واﻻم ﻣﺘﻜﺮرة ﻛﺎن ﻳﺨﺒﺄﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﻳﺨﺒﺊ ﺿﻌﻔﻪ و ﻋﺪم اﺑﺼﺎره ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻋﺪة ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮب؛ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻧﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎت ّ‬ ‫اﺣﺒﺒﺘﻪ رﻏﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺴﺎوئ ﺣﺒﻲ ﻟﻪ إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﺣﺎول ﻛﺜﻴﺮا ان ﻳﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﺎدﺗﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ وﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻓﻜﺮة ﺷﺮب ﻛﻤﻴﺎت ﻣﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﻗﻄﻴﻊ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﺸﻞ‬ ‫اي ﻋﻼج اوﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻳﺤﺎول ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﻮن اﺳﺘﻌﺎدة اﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺼﺮه‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺎ ﺑﺬاﺗﻪ ﺣﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن ﺷﺎﻋﺮا وﻛﺎﺗﺒﺎ وﻛﻈﻴﻤﺎ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻳﻘﻮل أﻧﻨﻲ ﻛﻨﺖ اﻳﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻲ ذاﺗﻪ وأﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺤﺎول ان ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎداﺗﻪ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺟﺤﺎ ﻟﻔﺘﺮة ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﺮد اﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻠﻼ رﺟﻮﻋﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻧﻘﺼﻪ وﺗﻬﺪﺋﺔ ﺣﺰﻧﻪ وﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺸﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ وﻓﻘﺪاﻧﻲ ﻻﺣﺪى‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻧﻴﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ أﺧﺒﺮه ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ أن ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺧﻄﺄ ﻃﺒﻴﺎ ﺣﻘﺎ وإﻧﻤﺎ ذﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﺮب ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻔﺘﺮة ﻣﻤﺎ ادى اﻟﻰ ﻓﺸﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﺠﺎح ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻲ؛ ﺳﺎﻣﺤﻚ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻗﺴﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫**ﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﻌﻄﻲ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤﻦ أوﻓﻴﺎء ﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺗﻨﺎ‪ ،‬وأﺻﺪﻗﺎء اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ وﻋﻮدﻧﺎ؛ ﻧﺤﻦ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻧﺮى ﻓﻲ اﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﻘﻮص؛ وﻟﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻟﻢ‬ ‫إﻻ اﺳﻄﻮرة؛ اﻟﻜﻤﺎل ﻛﻤﺎ اﻟﺤﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻰ؛‬ ‫ﻧﺪرك أﺑﺪا ﺑﺄن إﻛﺘﻤﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ذاﺗﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ّ‬ ‫اﻧﻚ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲء ﻟﺘﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺎوﻳﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻜﻚ؛ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻷﻧﻚ ﺗﺤﺐ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻷﻧﻚ ﺗﺒﺼﺮ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺒﻴﻦ ﻣﺒﺼﺮون و ﻻ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻤﺒﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺒﻮن*‬

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‫‪MU-LC‬‬

‫‪ARTICLES‬‬

‫ﻗﻠﻴﻼ أو اﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﺳﺘﻴﻦ ﺷﻤﺴﻴﺘﻴﻦ‪ ..‬ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﺤﻈﺎت ﻓﻘﻂ وﺳﺘﺮى اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫اذﻫﺐ ﺑﺒﺼﺮك ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ًا إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب‪ ،‬وأﻏﻤﺾ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻚ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﺔ )‪ (MU LC‬ﺗﺸﻊ أﻣﺎﻣﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﺔ ﻋﺎم ‪٢٠٠١‬م‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻳﺨﺪﻣﻪ أﻃﺒﺎﺋﻬﺎ وﻃﻼﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب واﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬وﻛﺎن ﻟﺘﺄﺳﻴﺲ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﺔ )‪ (MU LC‬ﺿﻤﻦ اﻹﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ ﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺎت ﻃﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﻄﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن )‪ (IFMSA-Jo‬أﺛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع آﺧﺮ‪ ..‬ﺣﻴﺚ أﻧﻪ وﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫اﻧﻀﻤﺎﻣﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ أﻳﻠﻮل ‪٢٠١٤‬م وﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﻴﻮم‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻮم ‪ ١٣١٦‬ﻃﺎﻟﺐ وﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻃﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﺔ ﺑﺤﻤﻼت ﺗﻮﻋﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﺤﻘﻮق اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫وأﺧﺮى ﻹﺟﺮاء ﻓﺤﻮﺻﺎت ﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮأة واﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﺤﺘﻮى ﻃﺒﻲ ﻟﻄﻼﺑﻬﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺗﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎت أﺧﺮى ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺒﻼد‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ‪ ،SCOME‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ إذا ﻛﻨﺖ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺐ وإن ﻛﻨﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺘﻚ اﻷوﻟﻰ "ﺳﻨﻔﻮر" أن ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺐ ﺑﻄﺮق‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ً‬ ‫اﺑﺘﻜﺎرﻳﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻔﻮﻗﻴﻦ ﻣﻊ ‪ ،Adopt A Smurf‬وﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ أﻳﻀﺎ أن ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﻬﺎرات اﻹﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫‪ ،Medicemia‬ﻏﻴﺮ أﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﻚ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺤﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ وﺑﺄﻓﻀﻞ ﺳﻌﺮ وﺟﻮدة ﻣﻊ ‪ The Books Fair‬أو ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﺠﺎﻧ ًﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪ SCOME‬اﻹﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻴﺔ‪ .‬وإﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ أن ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻬﺎرات اﻟﻌﺮض واﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺤﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻤ ًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﺗﻚ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫‪.PrezReady‬‬ ‫وﻓﻲ ‪ ،SCOPH‬وﻓﺮت ﺣﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺒﺮع ﺑﺎﻟﺪم – دﻣﻚ دﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻚ ﻫﻤﻲ ‪ ١٠٤‬وﺣﺪة دم ﻟﺒﻨﻚ اﻟﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب ﺧﻼل ﻳﻮم واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺤﻤﻼت ﺗﻮﻋﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺒﺮع اﻟﺪم ﻟﻠﻔﺮد واﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪ ..‬أﻣﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪ Amazing Kidneys‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﻮا ﺑﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﺤﻮﺻﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻔﺤﺺ ﺿﻌﻂ اﻟﺪم‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﻐﻠﻮﻛﻮز ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺮي وﻓﺤﺺ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﻜﻠﻰ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺼﻐﻴﺮ‪ ،‬إﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻋﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻣﺮاض اﻟﻜﻠﻰ وﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ واﻟﻌﻼج ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫أﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،SCORP‬ﻓﻬﻢ ﻳﺪاﻓﻌﻮن ﻋﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق اﻟﻄﻔﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ أﺑﺴﻄﻬﺎ ﻛﺤﻖ اﻟﻠﻌﺐ‪ ،‬وﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ﻟﺬوي اﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ‪Rights to‬‬ ‫‪ ،Play‬إﻟﻰ أﻫﻤﻬﺎ وأﻋﻘﺪﻫﺎ وﻫﻮ اﻟﺤﻖ ﺑﺤﻴﺎة آﻣﻨﺔ وﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ودﻳﺔ وﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪ ..(The Child Abuse Awareness Campaign (We Care‬وﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ أﻳﻀ ًﺎ أن ﺗﻀﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻔﻘﺮاء وذوي‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺎت ﺗﻨﻤﻲ إﺣﺴﺎﺳﻚ اﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﻘﺪم ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﻄﻮﻋﻴﺔ وﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻄﺮود اﻟﺨﻴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ رﻓﻊ اﻟﻈﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ ‪ .In Someone’s Shoe‬وﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ أﻳﻀ ًﺎ اﻟﺘﻄﻮع أﺳﺒﻮﻋﻴ ًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻴﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻼﺟﺌﻴﻦ وﺑﻴﻮت اﻟﻤﺴﻨﻴﻦ واﻟﻤﺸﺮدﻳﻦ‪ ،‬إﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻟﻨﻮاﺣﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ‪.The Volunteering Weekends‬‬ ‫وﻣﻊ ‪ ،SCORA‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ أن ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ وﺗﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻦ أﻣﻮر ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮأة‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ أﺛﻨﺎء ﻓﺘﺮﺗﻲ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ واﻟﻮﻻدة‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﻤﺎ وﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ ‪ .The Maternal Health Awareness Campaign‬وﻻ ﻧﻨﺴﻰ دور‪ SCOPE‬و‪ SCORE‬ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻬﻢ ﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎت‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت وأﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎرج اﻷردن ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﺒﺎدل اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ واﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺆﺗﺔ‪ ..‬ﺳﺘﻜﺘﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ اﻷﺣﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﺳﺘﺮى اﻟﺼﻮرة أوﺿﺢ وأﺟﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻣﻠﻴﺌﻮن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺸﺎط‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﺤﺜﻮن ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ زاوﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﺑﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴ ًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺒﺪأ ﺣﻴﺎة أﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ!‬

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YU-LC People tend to look for quantity, but as the saying goes “Quality over Quantity”. IFMSA-Jo’s

YULC was able to challenge that “choice” with a relatively small group of hard working medical students, who made outstanding efforts that eventually lead to Yarmouk University gaining full membership at the 12th National General Assembly. Since then, all members at YULC have worked with passion and dedication to rise and shine; proving they deserve to be in IFMSA-Jo officially.

This term, efforts were not only focused on projects, but were also focused on hosting the next National General Assembly in March here in Yarmouk University. All focus now was on the preparation for the best NGA in IFMSA-Jo’s history; after doing a great promotional campaign in Yarmouk University, it was a big challenge for us to make it perfect, to live up to the expectations.

Preparations for this NGA were being done months in advance; however we did not lose tract of our projects. Our young local committee held successful projects that were mostly focused on helping society and improving medical students’ knowledge and experience. Some of the projects that were held these past few months were: Personal Hygiene Hygiene is a concept related to cleanliness, health, and medicine. It is also related to personal and professional care practices. In medicine, even in everyday life, hygiene practices are employed, sometimes subconsciously, as preventative measures to reduce the incidence and spreading of disease. Also health promotional campaigns and health education lectures should be held for children and their families. School nurses, staff, and parents also have an important role in teaching children how to practice good personal hygiene.

Reach for the stars In December 2017 “Reach for the Stars” was held, it aimed to inform medical students about the main examinations they will need to sit for in order to specialize in certain countries. It had speakers for 5 different examinations over 5 days. The main objective was to prepare the students for the examinations, doing so in two steps which are 6 months apart with different speakers in order to maximize the targeted audience, and to give another opportunity for students who are applying for any medical license test within the next 6 months.

So many more projects are waiting for us this year, projects that will hopefully leave a mark on this LC and on the IFMSA-Jo as a whole; some of these projects are the big brother, Medtalks and Narcotics awareness. We are all excited to have you in our university this NGA, hoping that it will be a nice time for all of us

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HU-LC HULC started this term with full power, and we are planning on keeping it that way.

Treasure Hunt What could be a better way to start the term than a treasure hunt? This event was held in November as a cooperation between SCOPE and SCOPH; a project full of enthusiastic OCs who worked so hard to make it happen. It was all about solving riddles and allowing students to use their minds in something other than medicine, but most importantly fun! The contest was not easy; it took the teams literally half a day to find the prizes, which were 100 JDs for the first place and 50 JDs for the second. The project was very successful and showed the members the side of IFMSA.

2nd LGA We are very proud of being the first LC to hold an LGA, and even prouder to have held our second LGA this past December. It is indeed the best project from the LC so far; it helped the members understand all the aspects of IFMSA, how it works, how to be more involved, and the way we run projects amongst other topics. It was all about capacity building and helping new members with any questions they may have. What’s different this time is that there is a theme, nutrition; we had a nutritionist explain some facts about nutrition in the opening ceremony, we also organized theme related competitions and challenges, which were the most entertaining parts.

Make vision count This project was a collaborative effort between SCOPH and SCORP, the perfect collaboration indeed; because in this project we covered a humanitarian aspect by having students and people try doing simple daily tasks either blindfolded or using special vision stimulators. We also are going to hold a workshop with Mr.Suhail Baqaeen, who invented techniques to help blind or children with visual problems draw; as for the public health aspect, an awareness/screening campaign will be held in the university with the help of specialists from the eye specialty hospital, who will bring different eye examination devices and equipment’s to screen students.

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UJ-LC NOUR HAYEK

LGA Residing in the capital, the University of Jordan has always played a substantial role in the development of its local community and the surrounding less fortunate areas. Despite the ups and downs that faced The University of Jordan Local Committee (UJLC) this term, the Team of Officials has promised to work harder toward an improved vision that put its member’s needs and suggestions as its first priority. In order to do that UJC had its monthly feedback forms for suggestions, worries and complaints carefully analyzed; after a thorough review, the decision to hold the first ever UJLC Local General Assembly was made.

It was a huge success, with an estimate of 100 members joining; they learned more about IFMSA, shared their ideas, listened to older member’s experiences, and attended a brief training session about project management.

The overall feedback was excellent.

SCOME SCOME is witnessing a powerful revolution this term, as more and more are engaging in improving the knowledge of medical students; as in Refresh your Medical Knowledge, and providing the necessary soft skills needed in their clinical years such as self-confidence and doctor-patient etiquette; as in Act as a Doctor, mastering the surgical skills such as scrubbing, suturing and surgical knots; as in Surgical skills Made Simple. Arguably its most important achievement would be its role in improving the medical curriculum at our university after the success of Shadow a Doctor, a project in which basic years students were engaged in clinical rotations and operation rooms for a whole day; the project was considered a pilot study for the implementation of this initiative on a larger scale in the Faculty's curriculum for future generations.

SCOPH Our Lovely SCOPHeroes have found new ways to spread awareness by motivating medical students and engaging them in activities that would help them understand the basic information that need to be shared with the public, as in Treasure Hunt and the Medical Humanitarian Debate assembly. Also many creative ideas were the used in the Lung Cancer matters Too! project, such as puppet shows, school plays and the vows tree; who said medical students cannot be artistic!

SCORP SCORP expiated honorable dedication toward its aims and goals with projects like JUH go green , Daffa 3affa , and the Build a home project. All these projects exhibited the spiritual, humanitarian and the moral side of medical students toward their precious community.

SCORA SCORA never fails to surprise us with its unique methods of tackling sensitive topics such as reproductive health, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, and harassment within the Jordanian community with awareness campaigns.

SCOPE and SCORE As for the blue teams, SCORE and SCOPE have done their best in order to give the incoming an unforgettable experience in Jordan; with the clinical elective or research, the tourism, accommodation, and most importantly food. It is my absolute pleasure to say that the University of Jordan Local Committee members are proud to be IFMSAians.

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RED ROSES - SCORA TALA TARAWNEH

B

eing a female means going through a lot of different challenges, having new experiences every single day, and most importantly, being a strong, brave fighter.

A female can be your mother, your sister, your wife, or your friend. Each one of them is a beautiful rose that deserves all the best.

A female’s real journey starts at a particular moment, after which she becomes a woman. And it's her right to understand everything about that process.

The menstrual cycle is a series of natural processes that a female body goes through. During this cycle, the hormone levels rise and fall, depending on which stage of the cycle she is in. These hormones can also affect her mood and level of energy.

Understanding the menstrual cycle can improve menstrual health, the well-being of females, and the practice of safe sex.

Unfortunately, menstruation can be confusing, just like a lot of the other changes that happen in our bodies. Many girls (and most guys!) don't have a comprehensive understanding of a woman's reproductive system or what actually happens during the menstrual cycle. This can make the process confusing, and surrounded by many misbeliefs.

Lack of knowledge about menstruation, and taboos surrounding it are common problems not only found in our country, but in the whole word. While we’ve made a lot of progress in many other fields, we clearly have more work to do here. There are layers of complexity and emotions concerning this issue which makes it tricky, especially in our conservative society, to fully understand and address it openly and effectively.

A woman needs to understand all the elements of this stage of her life (from menstrual hygiene & health, to the psychology of it). It is her right to be conscious and aware of her body, which also helps with the prevention of diseases that can result from incorrect methods and the lack of knowledge.

This is why, as future doctors, and above all, as humans, we believe that awareness should be spread. The Red Roses project aims to reach a wide group of girls and provide them with the knowledge they need to live a healthier life, and deliver a message to parents and the society as a whole that it's totally okay to inform our roses and teach them about safety measures through their menstruation, in order to reduce confusion or any other problem associated with it. It doesn’t just concern females, it concerns all humans.

Let's face it, there are 7 billion people on this earth and half of them are females! So it's our duty to be supportive and helpful to all our little girls and daughters who will be the mothers to the next generation.

They need us and we will be there.

For our little sweet roses

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SCOME WEBINARS Our generation has changed over the past few years, with the use of technology in every aspect has become

absolutely demanding; from studying to entertainment, from communicating to keeping informed, our experiences are dependent upon these black rectangular mirrors in our pockets. At SCOME, we always try to motivate, educate, and empower medical students; because it is essential for them to build confidence, and various skills to help on personal and professional levels, which will shape the future physician that they will become.

During the few past terms we used trainings sessions, conferences, and campaigns, but none used technology or social media as a medium. Now, however, it is time to change; we started our 1st series of SCOME webinar for IFMSA-Jo, the idea behind them was to present interesting ideas and insights to an interested audience, and now we do them on monthly bases.

So far, we have discussed student involvement and representation, and social accountability. People can ask questions and we cover pretty much everything, the webinar lasts between 60-30 min so we do not bore students.

SCOME webinars were met with high demand from members, the greater accessibility has gotten many NMOs from other regions watching us and we had some externals participating in webinars, we also hosted the IFMSA Kenya NOME who joined us for a webinar.

Where are we heading? What do we want from this? Well we want everyone to be aware and familiar with SCOME topics and the essential ideals that we stand for, to get more motivated to work and change the nature of their education.

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SCOPH SCOPH brings together medical students from all over the world to learn, build skills, cooperate, and explore and share ideas that address issues related to public health, including global health issues, health policies, health promotion and educational activities.

In the course of six decades, SCOPH members, known as SCOPHeroes, implemented, maintained, and improved a wide variety of interesting and energetic community based projects for beneficiaries - on a local, national, regional, and even an international level.

The majority of SCOPH Projects are based on disease prevention and health promotion. Orientated to the specific needs of the populations regionally, nationally, and locally. In addition, medical students involved in projects gain a much better understanding of public health issues present in their own country as well as those in other countries of the world.

In SCOPH-Jo, we have been working hard locally and nationally to cover the major public health issues in Jordan.

We put our best effort to reach rural areas, and we collaborate with many NGOs and governmental institutions. We are constantly advocating our goals and aims to reach the majority of our population in Jordan and improve the health situation locally and nationally.

Some topics have been a priority in SCOPH for years. Examples include; the Blood Donation Project which is held annually in the 5 Local Committees (LCs) in different areas all over Jordan, and the Anti-Smoking Project, an annual project on the national level, where we collaborate with many NGOs in the Jordanian smoke-free alliance to help in the promotion of a smoke free environment. We have been a part of the Smoke-Free Zone Certificate program in collaboration with KHCC/KHCF and the global bridges.

This year we decided to take a step forward in fighting Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Jordan. We launched our 1st project "It's on Us!" concerning NCDs that mainly focuses on rural areas where we provided free medical days to improve the awareness, and health coverage there. Another focuses of ours this year are mental health, and cancer awareness; a conjoined project with SCORA. A lot of effort must be put into this year’s projects to live up to the achievements the previous term has seen, one of which was winning the 1st place in the EMR14 activities fair.

This year we will not only be active in improving our projects and activities, but we will also improve our existing relationships with NGOs and governmental institutions, and seek new ones by attending many conferences, workshops, and meetings. All towards the goal of widening the scope of our good work locally and nationally.

SCOPH-Jo won’t stop there! We have been working to collaborate with other NMOs on the regional and international levels, because when it comes to public health, we all have similar goals to achieve. So far, we have started working with IFMSA-Morocco and we still have a long road to go since we won’t stop there.

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Ali Khafaja

SCORP! A YEAR FULL OF GREEN!

Ever since the term started, SCORP has experienced a huge revolution! Rebranded as “The Green Kingdom”, SCORP has become the land of opportunities, where everyone can unleash their potential; where the canvas is open, with no limitations! Below are some of the greatest achievements of SCORP in recent memory!

Here I Am: The National Mental Health project.

Created by Mr. Ali M. “Jay” Khafaja and his family of OCs, Here I Am shed the light on mental health, and called out every doubter and stigma maker against mental issues in the community. With multiple awareness steps, workshops, and training sessions, Here I Am went on to win the biggest prize in the EMR Region, 1st place in the activities fair during the 14th EMR meeting in Marrakech, Morocco.

Our Rights, Our Fight.

Created by the team of Mr. Omar Sheikh Salem, and Ms. Leena Nsour, Our Rights Our Fight was SCORP’s 2017 version of a full-fledged Human Rights project! The project had multiple steps, ranging from awareness steps, training sessions, visits to elders houses, and a national TNHRT workshop! The project concentrated on violations of human rights and how to tackle them The Warmest Winter: SCORP’s newest donations bank project, led by Mr. Asim Khanfar, and Mr. Qusai Odeh, had the team collect donations of winter wear from all over the nation through huge social media campaigns to donate them to those in need during 2018’s winter!

The Nameless: SCORP’s longest running project in YU-LC! Created by Mr. Ali M. “Jay” Khafaja and his team; the project concentrated on autism, and autistic kids’ rights.

Volunteering Weekend: Created by MU-LC’s SCORPions, the project is an “every weekend” step where SCORPions get to experience voluntary work through several ways, such as cooking for the poor, playing with orphans, talking to refugees amongst other things; the list goes on!

Medical Missions: JUST LC’s longest running project; aiming to help refugees by dispatching volunteers from JUST LC to help them with a multitude of basic and clinical health issues, in cooperation with multiple international organizations.

Build a Home: Created by Ms. Leena Nsour and fellow SCORPions from UJ-LC; the project aimed at raising funds to build caravan houses for those in need all across the nation.

Blind People’s Rights Project: Created by Ms. Raghdah AlKhalidi and fellow SCORPions of HU-LC; the project aims at shedding light on blind people in our society, their life struggles with life, how they are shunned all over the world, but also, how we can help them fight the fight!

GoSCORP: IFMSA-Jo's SCORP proudly brings to you the international SCORP exchange program, GOSCORP, where you can travel the world, experiencing voluntarily work all over the planet, from different aspects, while getting the chance to meet SCORPions from all over the world!

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PECULIAR AREN’T WE FARIS HADDAD

Freedom is monster of a mistress; the absolute liberty to do anything you desire with no restrictions forces us to confront the question, what do we want? Not to mention that the reclaiming of absolute agency over your life has the very logical consequence of placing all your actions and their consequences in your hands. Your successes, failures, mediocrities, and insecurities are your fault.

That’s, if anything, uncomfortable. Now you would imagine me going on a literacy journey of philosophical discovery, but no; I just wrote this because I had no idea what I want to write about, but now I do, I’m going to write about “O.K.” The word O.K. that is, the thing you use when you’re alight but not “good,” when you want to end an argument without explicitly admitting defeat. It’s a word with a meaning totally dependent upon context.

Upset, “OK”; exited, “OK”; confused, “OK.” How can a moderately used vowel and a “C” trying to be edgy manage to convey so much? Now words are just caveman sounds that we decided have meaning, but no one really knows where O.K. came from; Wikipedia has a whole page dedicated to the potential history of O.K. My personal favorite potential backstory is that it comes from och och which was a magical Greek incantation against fleas. Another one that’s comical is that it may come from Oll Korrect, which was an intentional funny misspelling of “all correct” used in American newspapers in the 1800 when misspelling things was a fad, you might even call that a meme.

So discovering where O.K came from may prove to be a dead end. No matter, there is always a point to make, and it is how weird it is. Think about it; multiple backstories spanning millennia of different languages all converge to a 2 letter word of a language that uses an alphabet of a dead one, which conveys literally anything you want with a little shift of tone, peculiar. Once you realized that, you start to wonder about other things, like why is the driver’s seat on the left in most of the world, why do we celebrate birth every year by getting a heated egg mix and putting little fires over it, why is shaking your head up and down means approval while left and right means the opposite, come to think of it, why does hitting one hand with the other mean “I like this,” unless you do it slowly, then it means “that wasn’t very good”. Also why do colors have different names when they cover your head?

So many of these things that are just are, they don’t serve any functional purpose to be given the meanings that they have besides the cultural ones’ they were assigned. Of course there is a historical reason behind each one of them, but have you seen human history? IT MAKES NO SENSE! I suppose what I’m trying to say is that culture is weird, and it’s weird because we are weird, and we will never stop being weird, the internet will make sure of that. So have fun everyone, and never make sense; because we’re making culture.

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THE ONGOING CONQUEST TO FIND COMFORT ARE WE DRIVING OURSELVES TO FAILURE?

Ever since I was a little girl I developed a particular interest in people; the human race as a species has

always been baffling, can’t say it has always been pure admiration, but rather a mixed emotional attempt to understand all that drives humans. Watching people move, talk, communicate through body language, and use their eyes to deliver a message otherwise hard to convey through traditional linguistic dialogue, is one of my favorite things to do. You might call it a meaningless attempt at deconstructing a human, I call it a hobby.

The strange thing is, I’ve come across a wide array of people over the years; some through childhood playdates, others at school and university, some while walking in and out of numerous malls and supermarkets; trust me when I say no two people are alike. The psychological, physical, and mental workings of people has proven to have an algorithm that never produces the same outcome twice, but of course, you do come across similar habits, but never identical patterns. What makes people tick? Why are we willing to create illusions just to feel content in ourselves? Is the feeling of comfort the only thing driving humans in the direction of continued existence? Is it a universal purpose, or to each a reason as unique as they?

The infamous misconception that we’ve been taught on one too many occasions, the idea of good and bad; pure and evil; to believe that a single person can only be one without the other, is utterly nonsense.

Just like everything else we’re surrounded by nowadays, the only constant we’ve been is the idea of relativity. To put that theory to the test, I’ve approached several people, with the same dilemma; steering away from bias or emotional manipulation, I noticed people tend to interpret situations differently. How that works is through a multifactorial pathway, based on people’s past experiences, traditions, mental preparations, intellectual acuity, and, most importantly, their preexistent moral code that influences the angle they view the world around them; thus concluding whether a circumstance fits personal criteria, that leaves the person comfortable with the approach they took to tackle the predicament, cannot be achieved as a universal truth, and depends on a multifaceted approach that depends solely on the psyche of the individual viewing it.

The thing I realized about people who crave comfort is that they always tend to play by the rules; the feeling of content they have reached with their current situation will keep them in a vicious cycle of emotional suppression, pushing away any thoughts that could potentially jeopardize the safety force-field they have worked hard to build. Any compromise or ill-fortune could pressure that person to leave their comfort zone, driving them into a state of chaos. Self-improvement requires dabbling in unfamiliar territories. No one has ever achieved greatness by playing it safe.

As humans, we consider change negative by default, no matter how benign or major the change in question is. If we can program ourselves and the upcoming generations to see change as a normal part of life, I ensure you, never again, would we settle for the feeling of premature content or comfort. The goal on hand can only be achieved by equipping the masses with adequate mental tools; that would ensure we stay in a state of steady renewal, and aids in taking down the imaginary firewall that automatically blocks out any essential enquiries we are afraid, but desperately need, to answer in order to endure the changes that lay on our path of progress.

“In a world that is changing really quickly, the only strategy that is guaranteed to fail is not taking risks” - Mark Zuckerberg

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‫اﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﺻﺪﻓﺔ !‬

‫‪ARTICLES‬‬

‫‪TAIF SARAIREH‬‬

‫أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﺤﻮادث ﻏﺮاﺑﺔ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء و ﻏﻴﺮت ﻣﻨﺤﻰ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ و اﻟﻄﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﺮ اﻟﺪﻳﺎر ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ اﻟﻜﺴﻨﺪر ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ و ﻳﻮم وﻻدة اﻟﺒﻨﺴﻠﻴﻦ !‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺎد ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻨﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺑﻞ ﻛﻠﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻮدﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ اﺟﺎزة ﻋﻤﻞ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎف ﻃﻌﻢ ﻗﻬﻮة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ و راﺋﺤﺔ اﻟﺼﺒﺎح ان ﻛﺎﻧﺖ راﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮت اﻟﻔﻴﺮوزي ‪ ،‬او ﺗﺬﻣﺮ ﻣﺪﻳﺮك ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ و ﺗﻤﻠﻤﻞ زﻣﻴﻠﻚ ﺑﺄن اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﺎرﻳﺮ اﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺗﻘﻚ ‪ ،‬و ﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻜﺎد ﻗﺼﺘﻨﺎ اﻟﻌﺠﻴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻴﻮم‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎد ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﺮﻳﺪة ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬اذ ان ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻀﻰ أروع رﺟﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺟﺎزة ‪ ،‬اﻟﺮﺟﻮع اﻟﺬي ﻏﻴﺮ ﺣﻴﺎة اﻟﻤﻼﻳﻴﻦ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮل اﻟﻘﺼﺔ أﻧﻪ ﻟﺪى ﻋﻮدﺗﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ رﺣﻠﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻼده ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن ﻓﻠﻴﻤﻨﺞ ﻳﺸﺘﻜﻲ ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪه اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺸﺄن اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ اﻟﺬي ﻋﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﻴﺪا ﻋﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ اﻟﻤﻔﻀﻞ و ﻻﺛﺒﺎت وﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮه ‪ ،‬أﺷﺎح ﺑﻨﻈﺮه ﻷﻃﺒﺎق اﻟﺒﺘﺮي اﻟﺘﻲ وﺿﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ و اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺎة ﻣﻦ أﺟﻮد أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﺬي ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ ﻟﻴﻜﻤﻞ ﻏﻀﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﺛﻪ ﻟﺰﻣﻴﻠﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻷن ﺧﻼﻳﺎه اﻟﺮﻣﺎدﻳﺔ ُ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻮ ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ً‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪ دﻣﺮ ﻧﻤﻂ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻤﺰروﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻃﺒﺎق ‪.‬‬ ‫أدرﻛﺖ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ً‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ و اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ اﻟﺬي ُﻋﺮف ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ زﻣﻼؤه ﺑﺎﻧﻪ دﻗﻴﻖ و ﺣﺮﻳﺺ ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎدى ﻛﺒﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻗﺴﺎم اﻟﻨﻈﺎﻓﺔ و اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮات و ﺳﺄﻟﻪ إذ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻢ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮن ﺑﺘﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻄﺎوﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ ‪ ،‬و أﻛﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺪة ﻣﺮات ﺑﻌﺪ أن أﺧﺒﺮه ﻛﺒﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻤﺲ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻷﻃﺒﺎق ‪،‬‬ ‫و ﻫﺬا ﻣﺎ اﻟﺬي ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺬي ﻗﺘﻞ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰة ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪،‬ﺗﻤﺘﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮات ‪ ":‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﻤﺴﻬﺎ أي ﺷﺨﺺ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ أﺿﻊ أي‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة أﺧﺮى ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ و اﻟﻼﻳﺴﻮل و ‪ ......‬ﻟﻘﺪ وﺟﺪﺗﻬﺎ ‪ "...‬ﻗﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻠﻜﻨﺔ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ أن رﻛﺰ ﻧﺎﻇﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺚ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻢ ﺣﻮل ﻋﻴﻨﺎت اﻷﻃﺒﺎق و‬ ‫اﻟﺬي ﺗﺄﻛﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ أن ﻣﺼﺪره ﻫﻮ ﻓﻄﺮ اﻟﺒﻨﺴﻠﻴﻮم اﻟﺬي ﻛﺎن ﻳﺠﺮب ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻪ و ﻇﻮاﻫﺮه اﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻔﺌﺮان ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻘﻊ ﻧﺎﻇﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﺎ رأت ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ‪،‬‬ ‫أﻋﺎد ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻠﻴﺎ ‪،‬‬ ‫واﺿﻌﺎ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﺘﻲ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻷﻃﺒﺎق و ﻛﺮرﻫﺎ ً‬ ‫ً‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﻘﺎﺗﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﺎﻣﺘﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ ذاﺗﻪ و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﻨﺸﻄﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﻨﺴﻠﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻀﺎد اﻟﺤﻴﻮي اﻷﺷﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻄﺐ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ ورﻗﺔ ﺑﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻦ أﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ذات ﺻﻴﺖ و ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﺣﻴﻮﺗﻬﺎ و ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻔﺪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ و اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫وﺿﻊ ﻫﻮارد ﻓﻠﻮري وإرﻧﺴﺖ ﺗﺸﻴﻦ أﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﻀﺎدات اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت ﻛﺒﻴﺮة و ﻓﺼﻠﻮ اﻟﺒﻨﺴﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﺚ ‪ ،‬اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻌﺘﺮف‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺻﺤﺔ أوراق ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻨﻎ و‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ اﻧﻬﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮه ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮات اﻟﺤﺮب‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ أن اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ُ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﺤﺼﻮﻟﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﺋﺰة ﻧﻮﺑﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺐ ‪ ،‬إﻻ أن ﻓﻠﻴﻤﻨﻎ ُﻳﻨﺴﺐ إﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف اﻟﺒﻨﺴﻠﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ دﻗﻴﻖ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ‪ ،‬أﻧﻘﺬ ﻟﻠﺘﻮ اﻟﻤﻼﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮارﻓﺎرﻳﻦ و ﻣﻀﺎدات ﺗﺨﺜﺮ اﻟﺪم ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮاﺟﻴﺪﻳﺎ اﻟﻤﻮت اﻟﺘﻲ أﺣﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻼﻳﻴﻦ ‪KARL PAUL LINK-‬‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ اﻟﻤﺄﺳﺎة ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺠﻴﺪة ﻷي ﺣﺪث ﻛﺎن ‪ ،‬إﻻ أن ﻟﻠﻮارﻓﺎرﻳﻦ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻣﺄﺳﺎوﻳﺔ أﺧﺮى ﺗﻜﺎد ﺗﻜﻮن ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻻﻧﻘﺎذ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻮارﻓﺎرﻳﻦ و‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎد ﻟﺘﺨﺜﺮ اﻟﺪم و اﻟﺬي اﺳﺘﻐﺮق اﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻪ اﻟﻤﻮت اﻟﺪﻣﻮي و اﻟﻌﻨﻴﻒ ﻟﻌﺪد ﻻ ﻳﺤﺼﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺑﻘﺎر و اﻟﻤﺎﺷﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻌﻠﻦ أﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﻘﺬ اﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ أﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ١٩٣٣‬ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺰارع إد ﻛﺎرﻟﺴﻮن ‪ ،‬اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﺴﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ وﻳﺴﻜﻨﺴﻮن ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺰﻋﺠﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎل أﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺰارﻋﻴﻦ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻧﻮا ﻣﻦ أن ﻣﻮاﺷﻴﻬﻢ ﺑﺪأت‬ ‫ﺗﻤﻮت ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﺰﻳﻒ ﺣﺎد و ﻋﻨﻴﻒ ‪ ،‬واﺣﺪة ﺗﻠﻮ اﻷﺧﺮى ‪ ،‬و ﻫﺬا ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺰور ﻋﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎء اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻛﺎرل ﺑﻮل ﻟﻴﻨﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮه ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎن ﻛﺎرﻟﺴﻮن ﻳﺸﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻔﻪ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻗﺸﻮر اﻟﺒﺮﺳﻴﻢ اﻟﺤﻠﻮ و اﻟﺘﺒﻦ و اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺎﺳﺪة ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ رﺟﻮﻋﻪ ﻟﻤﺰرﻋﺘﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎم ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎرل ﺑﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺧﻴﻮط اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ اﻷﺣﺪاث و ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﺒﻦ اﻟﺬي ﻓﻲ اﻋﻼف اﻟﻤﻮاﺷﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﻣﺎدة ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺨﺜﺮ اﻟﺪم ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫و ﺳﺎم و اﻟﺬي اﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻮارﻓﺎرﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ ،‬و اﻟﺘﻲ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺎت ﻛﺴﻢ ﻟﻠﻔﺌﺮان ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺰارع ‪ ،‬ﻇﻨً ﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ أن ﻣﺼﺪر ﻓﺴﺎد‬ ‫اﻻﻋﻼف ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻔﺌﺮان و اﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻮاد ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﺰﻳﺰي اﻟﻘﺎرىء؛ اﻧﻪ ﻣﺒﺪأ ﻗﺘﻞ اﻟﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺑﺴﻤﻪ ‪ ،‬و ان ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ اﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ ﺣﻴﻦ أن ﻗﺮرت اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺎت وﺿﻊ رﻗﺎﺑﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻋﻼف و ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﻃﻮاﻗﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﻼف و ﻓﺮض ﻣﺪة اﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﻟﻠﻤﺰارﻋﻴﻦ ﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ اﻷﻋﻼف ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﻛﺎرل ‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﺸﺨﺺ اﻟﺬي اﻛﺘﺮث ﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻴﺪﻳﺎ اﻷﺑﻘﺎر اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪة ﺳﻨﻮات ﺑﻌﺰل اﻟﻮارﻓﺎرﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ دم اﻷﺑﻘﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ و اﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ ،‬و ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻛﻤﻴﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﺒﺪأ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﺧﺘﺒﺎراﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﺸﺮ ‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﻗﺖ ﻧﺠﺎﺣﺎ ﻛﺒﻴﺮا ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ أن اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرل ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﻘﺬ ﻗﻠﻮب اﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ أﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﻨﺬ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺤﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬اذ اﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻء اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺤﻠﻮن اﻟﻤﺄﺳﺎة ﺑﻤﺜﻠﻬﺎ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎن ﻛﺎرل ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺒﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺧﻄﺎء ‪ ،‬اﻷﺧﻄﺎء اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎه واﺣﺪ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻼﻳﻴﻦ اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻪ ‪.‬‬

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‫اﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﺻﺪﻓﺔ !‬ ‫‪TAIF SARAIREH‬‬

‫أﻛﺴﻴﺪ اﻟﻨﻴﺘﺮوز ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻟﻠﻀﺤﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻔﻼت ‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺎدة ﺗﺨﺪﻳﺮ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ ﻋﻘﻞ ﺟﻮزﻳﻒ ﺑﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮل اﻟﻼﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪﺋﺎ ﻟﻸﻋﺼﺎب ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻻ ﺷﻚ أن اﻛﺴﻴﺪ اﻟﻨﺘﺮوز ‪ Nitrous Oxide‬ﻛﺎن أﻓﻀﻞ ﺣﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﺎم ‪ ، ١٨٦٣‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻷول ﻣﺮة‬ ‫"ﻛﻤﺤﺴﻦ ﻣﺰاﺟﻲ" ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺮف ﻻﺣﻘﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻀﺤﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻔﻼت راﻗﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﺮوض اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻸوﺑﺮا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺟﻮزﻳﻒ ﺑﺮﻳﺴﺘﻠﻲ ﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻘﻞ اﻟﻼﻣﻊ اﻟﺬي اﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﻣﺪى ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﻘﻠﻖ و اﻟﻬﻠﻊ اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺟﺄة و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺴﻜﻴﻦ ﺧﻼل‬ ‫؛ﻣﺜﻴﺮا ﻟﻺﻋﺠﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺪ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ إﻋﻄﺎء ﻣﺨﺪر ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻀﻢ اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎرﻋﺔ آﻧﺬاك‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻛﺘﺸﻒ أﻳﻀﺎ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻠﻪ اﻟﻐﺎزي ‪ ،‬و رﻏﻢ اﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ واﺟﻬﺘﻪ و اﺗﻬﺎم ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺮف و اﻟﺠﻨﻮن ؛ ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻘﺎ ؛ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺨﺪرا ﻃﺒﻴﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻼ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﻀﺤﻚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻔﻼﺗﻬﻢ و ﻻ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ اﻻ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت ﻣﺨﻔﻔﺔ و ﻣﺤﺪودة ﻟﻴﻘﻮﻣﻮا ﺑﺘﺨﻔﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫!! إﻻ إذا ﻗﺎم ﻟﻮرد آﻧﺬاك ﺑﺪﻓﻊ ﺻﻚ أراﺿﻲ أﺟﺪاده ﻟﻴﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ وﻓﻴﺮة ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻨﻘﻞ أن ﻏﺎز اﻟﻀﺤﻚ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﺎد ﻛﺎن ﻛﺎﻟﻤﺨﺪرات اﻟﻤﺤﺠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫آﻧﺬاك‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ "ﻏﺎز اﻟﻀﺤﻚ اﻟﻤﺨﺪر" ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﻗﻮل ﺑﺮﻳﺴﺘﻠﻲ ‪،‬ﻗﺎم ﺑﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸﻮات اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻤﺾ اﻟﻨﻴﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎ اﻟﻐﺎز ‪،‬و اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺸﻌﻮر ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻤﻞ و اﻟﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ و ﻓﻘﺪان اﻻﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻤﻜﺎﻧﻪ وﺧﺰه او ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎﻗﻪ ﺗﺪرﻳﺠﻴﺎ ‪،‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪأ أﻃﺒﺎء اﻷﺳﻨﺎن واﻷﻃﺒﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻼك آﻧﺬاك‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺠﺮﺑﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﺄداة ﺗﺨﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎرﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻜﺮة ﻛﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎدة ﻣﺤﺼﻮرة ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻔﻼت و ﻣﺰاج ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع و ُ‬ ‫أدوﻳﺔ ﻋﻼج اﻟﻜﺤﻮل –ﺻﺪﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﻓﺎرﻗﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻣﻊ زﻣﻴﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ اﻳﺮﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﻛﻮﺑﺴﻮن و ﻳﻨﺲ ﻫﺎﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻫﻨﺎك ﻋﻼج ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎك اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻼﺟﺎت اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻌﻼج ﻣﺪﻣﻨﻲ اﻟﻜﺤﻮل ‪ ،‬إذ أن إدﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻊ رﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻬﺎدة وﻓﺎة ﻣﻌﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ‪ .‬إﻻ أن ذﻟﻚ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ١٩٥١‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ واﻓﻘﺖ ال ‪ FDA‬ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ دواء ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ إدﻣﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺤﻮل ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ أن ﺗﻢ اﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ اﻟﺪﻧﻤﺎرﻛﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ واﺟﻬﻮا ﻧﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ذات ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺤﻮل ‪ ،‬إﻻ أن ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮا ‪.‬‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء دراﺳﺘﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻛﺎدﻳﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻧﻤﺎرﻛﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺪﻟﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن زﻣﻴﻼ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﻳﺮﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﻛﻮﺑﺴﻦ و ﻳﻨﺲ ﻫﺎﻟﺪ ﻳﺠﺮﺑﺎن اﻟﺪﻳﺴﻮﻓﻠﻔﺮام ﻛﺪواء ﻟﻌﻼج‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪوى اﻟﻄﻔﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺪة و ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺮت ﻋﺎدة اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻛﻠﺘﻬﻢ و اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺮﻛﻮن أي ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺑﺠﻌﻞ اﺑﺤﺎﺛﻬﻢ ﺟﺰءا ﻣﻦ ذات اﺟﺴﺎدﻫﻢ ؛أﺧﺬوا‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺪواء أﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻢ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻨﺎول ﻣﺸﺮوب واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻔﻠﺔ أﺣﺪ أﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻬﻢ ‪ ،‬وﻗﻊ اﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﺎن ﻣﻐﻤﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ و أﺻﺒﺤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎن ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ ﻣﺪرﺑﻴﻦ و ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻌﺎﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ‪ ،‬أدرك إﻳﺮﻳﻚ و ﻳﻨﺲ أن اﻟﺪﻳﺴﻮﻟﻔﻴﺮام ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﻠﻂ ﺟﻴﺪا ﻣﻊ ﻣﺸﺮوﺑﺎﺗﻬﻢ و إﻧﻤﺎ أﺧﺬاه ﻗﺒﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪة ﺳﺎﻋﺎت ‪،‬‬ ‫وأﻇﻬﺮت ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ أﺧﺮى أن اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺐ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻟﻜﺒﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻜﺤﻮل‪ .‬وﺑﻤﺎ أن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﻨﻴﻒ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻜﺤﻮل ﻓﻲ وﺟﻮد ﻣﻀﺎد ﻟﻼﻟﺘﻬﺎب ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻠﻮا إﻟﻰ أﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮب اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﺑﺎت اﻟﻜﺤﻮﻟﻴﺔ و ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻻدﻣﺎن اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺒﺖ اﻟﻤﻘﺎل ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻋﺪة اوراق ﻧﺸﺮت ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ و ﻋﺪة ﻣﺼﺎدر ‪:‬‬ ‫‪other-accidental-medical-discoveries-٥-https://www.biography.com/news/alexander-fleming‬‬ ‫‪/great-medical-discoveries-that-were-purely-accidental-٤/١٠/٢٠١٥/https://www.weforum.org/agenda‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻜﺴﻨﺪر ﻓﻠﻴﻤﻴﻨﻎ ‪١٩٥٥-١٩٨١‬‬ ‫ﺻﻮرة ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮه أﺛﻨﺎء ﻓﺤﺼﻪ ﻷﺣﺪ اﻷﻃﺒﺎق‬

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FAST-FORWARD

BETWEEN WAR AND A NEW HOME. AWS AL MUKHTAR

Moonless dark night, rainy weather, rushing home after a 24 hour shift; exhausted, yet excited to start my

one-week vacation with my beautiful wife and -7year-old son, I hear the weather is wonderful in the Canary Islands this time of the year. Walking down the street, my house is just one alleyway away, it’s so close I can almost smell my wife cooking my favorite homeland dish and calling-on my son Omar to get ready for dinner.

Walking down the alley, I see a well-build young man walking towards me; wearing a black hoody, I cannot tell his face, his arms are covered with tattoos. There’s something on his hands, is that a metallic knuckle? Suddenly and in the swiftest manner, another man grabs me from behind forcefully, I try to resist, I feel something sharp running down my neck… something is streaming down my clothes, is that blood? I cannot fight back.

Why are they shouting these hateful phrases? I’ve been living in and serving this country long enough to consider myself one of its own. Is it my skin color? Is it my faith? Countless questions started gushing to my brain, just before everything started turning black again. I see my life flashing like a fast forwarded movie…

30 years earlier- I was 10 years old, I remember it vividly, it was a beautiful spring afternoon, holding my mother’s hand, ambling in the park in what was once “Home”. Mother: stay away from the mud sweetie, you’ll ruin your favorite shoes, we can’t afford to buy new ones. Me: one day I will be a doctor Mum, I will have lots of money, I will buy you that outfit you liked in the shop display at the mall the other day, and I will buy myself 10 pairs of shoes…

20 years earlier: coming home from med school in my-now war-torn city, the traffic is just horrendous, that check-point is causing unbearable traffic; I better continue my way on foot. Walking on the pavement; suddenly, a loud explosion! Before I knew it, I’m laying down on the asphalt, covered in blood. Everything is turning black…

13 years earlier: I’ve been living in this neighboring country for 7 years now. I was forced to leave my home-country because it wasn’t safe, and it didn’t feel like home anymore. War had changed its features; I was estranged in my own country! This country, however, doesn’t quite feel like home, it doesn’t have enough resources to support people like me, the locals are nice, but I miss my home. I’m waiting for a chance to resettle and build a future for my kids in a new home, but at least I’m safe here, and I am a doctor now...

7 Years later: I got a job offer in what I hope to one day call: ‘My new home’, I’ve just finished my short surgical course in Europe; I need to go to my country of residence one more time, I miss my fiancée, she’s so excited to start our new life in ‘our new home’…

Airport officer: sir, do you have a visa to return to your final destination? Me: yes, I’ve been a resident there for 10 years now. Officer: I’m sorry sir but we will need to check the validity of your residency permit, your passport doesn’t grant you entry to that county… I think to myself: one day I will not need a visa to return to ‘new home’… it will just be: ‘Home’.

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AWS AL MUKHTAR 6th Year Honours student at J.U.S.T Publications Support Division Director Freelance Medical Writer at Ureed.com A Volunteer in ‘Atfaluna’, A proud Human Rights advocate

5 days after the attack: I open my eyes, there stands my wife; she looks tired, her eyes look sad, she probably hadn’t slept for some time, yet she looks more beautiful than ever, I am so happy to see her again.

“A local young man found you and called the ambulance; he saved your life and saved our family.”

“I thought this country was my home; seemingly some people don’t agree. But what about the man who saved my life? I need to thank him!”

“He didn’t leave his contact information; he said he was embarrassed of what ‘his own people’ had done… He’s a real gem.”

“Daddy, when are we going home?” said Omar. “My friends, Justin & Emily, and I have a surprise for you.” "‫ ﻻزم اﺑﻘﻰ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬.‫ أﻳﺎم ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻲ‬3 ‫" ﺑﻌﺪ‬ Home: a place where you belong, feel loved, and wanted. The safe haven to which you can always turn back to when things get rough; no visa needed; just your tongue. I spent my life searching for the home I had lost. Although my country still geographically exists, I don’t recognize it anymore; not the people, not my neighborhood, and certainly not the park I once loved. My home only exists in my memory; a beautiful place where I can hear mum’s soft laughter, where neighbors share plates of what they had cooked for lunch, where I get special privileges for just being there... I will always cherish that place. But maybe I shouldn’t have spent a life-time searching for what I had lost. I was living in the shadows of my past life.

Looking through my son’s eyes, I realized, this is his home!

Aws Al-Mukhtar Publications Support Division Director International Federation of Medical Students’ Association - Jordan

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‫‪TALENTS‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ُرﺳﻤﺖ ﻫﺬه‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ؛ ﻟــــــــﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ‬

‫ﻓﻴﺮوز ﺗـــــﺸﺠﻦ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼـــــــﺒـــــــﺎح؛ ﻓﺎن‬

‫ﺻﻮﺗــــــــــــــﻬﺎ اﺷﺒﻪ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻜﺎﺑﺮة واﻟﻌﻨـــﺎد‪،‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﺮوز ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺼﺒﺎح ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬اﻧﻬﺎ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﺑﺤــــﺪ ذاﺗﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺑﺘﻐﻴـــــــــــﺮ اﻟﻮاﻧﻬﺎ…‬ ‫‪TAIF AL-SARAYREH‬‬

‫‪DANAH ALENEZI‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﺸــــــﻖ ﻓﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻘﺒﺎﻧﻲ؛ و ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﺑﻴﺎﺗﻪ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘــﻨﺸﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻛـــــــﻞ روﻳــــﺤـــــــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣــــــــــــــــﺴـــــــــــــــﺎء…‬

‫‪TAIF AL-SARAYREH‬‬

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‫‪T A L E N T S‬‬

‫‪I F M S A - J O‬‬

‫‪TALENTS‬‬

‫‪DANAH ALENEZI‬‬

‫‪TAIF AL-SARAYREH‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻼﻣﺢ اﻟﻮﺟﻮه؛ دون ﺗﻌﻘﻴﺪ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎت واﻟﻤﻈﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗــــــــــــــــــــﺨﻠﻖ‪...‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺗﺠﺴﺪ ﻣﻼﻣﺢ اﻣﺮأة ﻫﺎدﺋﺔ وﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ؛ ذات روﻧﻖ وﻋﻤﻞ دؤوب‪.‬‬

‫‪DANAH ALENEZI‬‬

‫‪SARA ZAQUT‬‬

‫‪34‬‬

‫‪T A L E N T S‬‬

‫‪SARA ZAQUT‬‬

‫‪I F M S A - J O‬‬

TALENTS

MALAK ALMAJALI

MALAK ALMAJALI

HANEEN NIMR

I F M S A - J O

MALAK ALMAHALI

T A L E N T S

35

TALENTS

HANEEN NIMR

HANEEN NIMR

I F M S A - J O

T A L E N T S

HANEEN NIMR

36

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