Arch7130 2016 fall wiederspahn ssolomon portfoliohp

SARAH SOLOMON ARCH7130

PREPARING FOR AGING:

SOCIETAL INTEGRATION OF URBAN ELDERLY LIVING SARAH SOLOMON INSTRUCTOR: PETER WIEDERSPAHN The lives of the elderly and the life of cities could both improve through creating elderly housing in an urban community. This research and design project redefines the relationship between the elderly community and the urban environment through adaptable living units and intergenerational programs. Boston will face a 65 percent increase in its elderly population in the next 10 years. This demographic shift requires a design response that can benefit both the elderly and urban communities.

Integrating the elderly into urban life can prevent personal isolation and provide needed social benefits for all generations.

1 THE ELDERLY COMMUNITY

+

2 THE URBAN

+

ENVIRONMENT =

3 THE ADAPTABLE UNIT

+

4 THE INTERGENERATIONAL LEARNING SPACE

A new housing model that allows for the elderly community to age with dignity and for the greater community to benefit from elderly integration.

THE ELDERLY COMMUNITY THE DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFT The United States defines the elderly community as people aged 65+.

The number of people in the elderly community will increase 65% by 2030.

EDUCATION

19% Silent Gen with College Degree

31% Baby Boomers with College Degree

38% Gen X with

College Degree

DESIGN FOR “NEW” ELDERLY GENERATION The upcoming Baby Boomer generation is quite different than previous elderly generations. They will be the healthiest, most active, most educated, and have the longest estimated life span compared to previous elderly generations. These trends will only continue to grow for future generations.

PERCENT OF THE US POPULATION AGED 65+ 12%

13%

19%

22%

1990

2010

2030

2050

One out of every four people will be considered elderly by 2050.

*US CENSUS DATA

THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Boston as Context

Urban Design Requirements

Boston excels in its innovation, education, and endless cultural events and activities.

It’s home to more than 100 colleges and universities and has some of the nation’s top health care facilities.

PLACES FOR REST MOBILITY ACCESS

Why areas of urban renewal?

• Lower cost of living.

• Opportunity to introduce new demographic (elderly) to the area.

• The elderly have skills and amenities they can provide to enhance the neighborhood.

HEALTHY LIVING

WALKABILITY

PURPOSE

SENSE OF COMMUNITY

ACTIVE AGING UNIVERSAL DESIGN

=

=

The High Line / NYC

THE ADAPTABLE UNIT Suburban homes and most standard units do not accommodate for changing bodies and needs. By creating resilient, adaptable units, material use and reconstruction costs can be greatly reduced over time. This is also beneficial to a financially burdened community. If the units are built with Universal Design in mind, they can become accessible to any type of person, regardless of age or ability.

Universal Design Office Da

BONES/JOINTS/MUSCLES EYES AND EARS

Unit aggregation creates private space for each resident.

CARDIOVASCULAR

Alcacer Do Sal Residences

Design Responses to an Aging Body

MEMORY

THE LEARNING SPACE Why a learning space?

$

•Utilizes the elderly generation’s growing levels of education.

• Provides elderly with a sense of purpose / social interaction (ideals of active aging).

• Benefits the community (location of urban renewal area).

• Opportunity for building revenue.

$

• Helps the financially burdened elderly community.

Rolex Learning Center / SANAA

The Children’s School / Maryann Thomson Raa Day Care Center / Sweeden

WHO IS THIS MODEL FOR? Elders + Families

Baby Boomers to age in the city.

THE SUBURBS

THE CITY

1

Singles / young professionals live in city.

Young families who want to stay in the city.

+ 2

Families move to suburbs.

THE CITY

=

COMMUNITY Co-Housing community that agrees to help and interact with the other members.

3 Grow old in city.

Grow old in suburbs.

WHO IS THIS MODEL FOR? Elders + Families

60%

Fosters interaction between generations that might not normally exist - mentally stimulating.

40%

A large number of homes exist in the city, but

Baby Boomers

Gen X

these home are not housing families with children.

Unit Ratio 60% Elderly

Unit Ratio 40% Elderly

Instead, the groups of singles are pooling together

40% Family

60% Family

to split these units, making them unaffordable for families. Universal Design elements can benefit all

The unit ratio can be flexible to reflect the shifts in population.

generations.

Millions of Births

5 4 3 2 1

Silent Gen Births

Baby Boomers

Gen X

Millenial

Post - Millenial

47 Million

76 Million

55 Million

66 Million

69 Million

0 1928

1946

Number of Births Underlying Each Generation

1965

1981

1998

2014

SCALES

The Unit

The Community

The Urban Network

SITE CRITERIA

Data Optimized Site Criteria

City Identified Areas In Need of Renewal

LOT SIZE

Approx 20,000 sqft 1/

PUBLIC TRANSIT

I 4M

T

REAL ESTATE

WEIGHTED CRITERIA

GROCERY STORE

I 4M

1/

2

1/

MI

MAIN STREET

1

-3

GREEN SPACE

3 /4 M I

MI

HEALTH CARE

OPTIMIZED LOCATIONS

SITE CRITERIA Possible Cities Test Case:

Boston

Main Street $246 - $723 $743 - $1076 $1076 - $1340 $1340 - $1661 $1661 - $2696

Boston study of city identified areas of urban renewal, main streets, and average monthly rent rates.

Other Possible Cities:

Chicago New York Los Angeles San Francisco

LOCATION ANALYSIS Ex. Fenway / LMA / Mission Hill

HOUSING MARKET VALUE

MAIN STREET

LOCATION ANALYSIS Ex. Fenway / LMA / Mission Hill

PUBLIC TRANSIT

GREEN SPACE

LOCATION ANALYSIS Ex. Fenway / LMA / Mission Hill

GROCERY STORE

HEALTH CARE

NETWORK LOCATIONS

1

2

3

SITE TWO

Prentiss St

Public Program Group Exercise / Wellness

Orange Line Tracks Tremont St

Tremont St Madison Park High

T

Reggie Lewis Track Center

Southwest Corridor Park Roxbury Crossing T

SITE THREE Public Program Child Care

Orange Line Tracks SouthWest Corridor Park Marcella Playground

T

Centre Street Ritchie Street Columbus Ave

Jackson Square T Stop

SITE ONE Public Program Rentable Work Space

Carter Playground

Ruggles T Stop

Northeastern University

Tremont St

T

Southwest Corridor Park

Melnea Cass Blvd

Madison Park High

nd g east o h

E

W

ed period can naturally heat the building and help reduce the use of heating systems. Likewise, blocking the rays during the overheated period can help to reduce the need of cooling systems.

During the small comfort period, natural ventilation should be taken advantage of.

CLIMATE ANALYSIS: BOSTON E

W

xi-

E

W

S

S

SUN CHART

SUN CHART S •The suns rays should be taken

110

SUN CHART

• The suns rays should be utilized TEMP (F)

AVG HIGH MEAN AVG LOW

during the underheated period of 43% the year and blocked during the CLOUDY

overheated period.

57%

100

70

90

avoided and the summer winds

60 50

10

should be taken advantage of.

AVG HIGH KEY MEAN AVG LOW

DESIGN HIGH

DESIGN LOW AVG HIGH MEAN

AVG LOW COMFORT ZONE

80

COMFORT ZONE

60

TOO HOT

13% TOO HOT 75%

TOO COLD

JAN

20

FEB 10

MAR APR JAN

18

N

S

30

JAN (WINTER)

JAN (WINTER)

SEP

OCT NOV SEP

75% TOO COLD

DEC

OCT NOV

COMFORT LEVEL

DEC

E

W

30 18

18

E

W

S

S

APR (SPRING)

APR (SPRING)

COMFORT LEVEL

N

30

18

18

S

AUG

N

30

E

JUL

TEMPERATURE RANGE

N

W

MAY JUN

MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG TEMPERATURE RANGE

FEB

ANNUAL SUNSHINE

30

12% COMFORT13%

50

30

ANNUAL SUNSHINE

N

12% COMFORT

DESIGN LOW

70

40

20

57% SUNSHINE

cold ds to e ds the perain the

80

30

SUNSHINE • The cold winter winds should be

DEC

110

40

43% CLOUDY

SUN CHART

DESIGN HIGH

90

TEMP (F)

and monitored from east/west.

KEY

W

S

KEY

100

advantage of from north/south

GH

V

of heating systems. Likewise, blocking the rays during the overThe suns should be taken of duringsystems. the underheated period canrays help to reduce theadvantage need of cooling heated of the year and blocked during the overheated During the smallperiod comfort period, natural ventilation should be period of the year. Capturing the suns rays during the underheattaken advantage of.

E

E

W

N

N

N30

30

30

18

18

18

E E

W

S

S

JUL (SUMMER)

JUL (SUMMER)

WW

E

S

S

OCT (FALL)

OCT (FALL)

E

WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT THIS HOUSING MODEL? Institution

vs

Community

65+ only

Elder + Families

Limited unit

Varied / flexible

variation.

unit options.

Separated by

Integrated social

ability.

spaces.

PROGRAM Uses

Size

UNITS

Private

Accommodates both

80-100 units

families and elders.

20-30 per floor

Creates a community.

3-4 floors Varied Unit Types

350 - 800 sq ft

AMENITY SPACES

Semi Private

Public

Residents only.

Private

Provides both private

• Balcony (one per unit)

and communal.

Communal

20 sq ft

• Lounge

100 sqft (one per floor)

• Garden

500 sq ft

• Kitchen

500 sq ft

• Dining

500 sq ft

• Outdoor Space

1,000 sq ft

• Winter Garden

300 sq ft

Catalyst for urban

Child Care

2,000 sq ft

renewal.

Group Leaning Space

500 sq ft (3 rooms)

Rentable Work Space

Varied Sizes

PUBLIC SPACE

UNIT AND AGGREGATION The Spaces of In Between

Possible Aggregation Techniques How to make ‘fronts’ and unique circilation conditions.

Bay Window

Back Porch

Front Door The Elements of a “Home” in a Unit

INTERIOR CONFIGURATION The Spaces of In Between Equal Access Design

Physical connection/ access to outdoors

Visual Connection

Visual connection to semi public

Unit aggregation creates communal space

Spatial Relationship between Public, Semi Public, and Private

Hallway Width Needed

Aggregation creates Communal Spaces

AGE FRIENDLY URBAN DESIGN

Parameters for Healthy/Active Aging PLACES FOR REST

MOBILITY

ACCESS

• Ample outdoor seating.

• Seating at regular intervals.

• Provide seating in public places, parks, transit stops.

• Smooth sidewalk pavement.

• Ample time to cross crosswalk.

• Access to ADA public transit.

• Ramps: 12:1 ratio.

• Equal access to building entry.

• Public stairs accommodated by ramps or elevators.

• Services located on ground floor.

The High Line / NYC

Olympic Sculpture Park / Seattle, WA

Robson Square / Vancouver Canada