Arch5120 Spring 2014 kurlbaum bgreer edame

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Boston University Common

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+

Urban Ecological Institute

Benjamin Greer + Elizabeth Dame

IBS Contents: Statement | Project Numbers Model Photos Sketches Future Scenario Construction Assembly Comfort Strategy Diagram Integrated Systems Diagram Wall Section Peel Away Axon Sections Plans

3 4-6 7 29-37 50-62 67 68-69 87 88-91 64-66, 71-81 83-85

Statement: The site is situated next to a heavily traversed yet under-utilized intersection. There is no community engagement, it is not profitable, and it suffers from a polluted ecology. Our proposal adheres to two scales of integration to address these problems. At the scale of the city, our design strategy is to invest in the intersection. The interconnection of community, the private sector, BU as an institution, and ecology are crucial for the site’s successful remediation and development.

Any proposal must coordinate these separate interests for a thriving system. At the scale of the building, the interior grain of program must be allowed to change within a simple structural system that remains constant. Multi-functional infrastructural components can be designed to accommodate both utilitarian and programmatic uses while anticipating future modifications.

Numbers: Site: 70,000 SF Ground Floor: 17,000 SF Main Floor: 24,800 SF Total SF: 41,800 SF FAR: .6

Research Problem | Strategy Phasing Urban Scale Building Scale

Massachusetts Watersheds

Charles River Watershed

Watershed Info

Charles River Info

Area Towns Wetland

Length Height Dams

308 Miles/Sq 35 8,000 Acres

80 miles 350’ 20

Charles River Dam

Lower Basin

Middle Basin

Echo Lake Hopkington

Rainfall 42”

Upper Basin

Evapotranspiration 15” Runoff 10”

36% 24%

40%

Ground Water Recharge 17” * 1” of rain across the entire watershed produces 5,352,596,480 gallons of water 64% of that (3,425,661,747 gallons) makes it to the Charles River

A

B

C

Fecal Coliform Bacteria

Phosphorus

Watershed Outled Combined Sewer Overflow Watershed Boundary 1890 Shoreline 1630 Shoreline Sub-Watershed

D

Dry-weather portion Stormwater portion

SubWatershed

E

A- Upstream of Watertown dam B- Laundry Brook subbasin C- Faneuil Brook subbasin D- Muddy River subbasin E- Stony Brook subbasin

The Site

Drainage Outflow

EPA Ratings In The Charles

Overall

Dry Weather

Wet Weather

Boating 87%

81%

99%

2012 B+ Swimming

53% 67% 93%

Boating

45%

57% 94%

1996 C15%

21% 40%

Swimming

N.E.U.

UMass

Bentley

Brandeis

Tufts BU Harvard

Harvard

B.C.

M.I.T.

Esplanade Subwatershed Area

Charles River

Outflow / CSO Site

BU

Muddy River Watershed

City Scale

I-90 and Rail Lines: Existing

I-90 and Rail Lines: Future

Connect future system to Comm Ave. *Harvard University land open for development

Boston University Campus

West Campus Commonwealth Landing

East Campus South Campus

Soldiers Field

Bike Volumes - Peak Hours Morning - 659 Afternoon - 641

Vehicle Volumes - Daily 36,300

Pedestrian Volumes - Peak Hours Morning - 1,032 Midday - 1,630 Afternoon - 2,042

MBTA Daily Passenger Boardings BU West - 899 Central - 2,524 Bus 57 - 1,661 St Mary’s St - 992 University Rd - 4 Amory St - 237

Rd.

Storrow D

rive

University R

d.

I-90

Common

wealth Av e

.

Amory St.

57

Intersection Analysis

St. St. Mar y’s

Mountfor t

Essex St.

47

St.

CT2

Research Problem | Strategy Phasing Urban Scale Building Scale

Research

Program

Stakeholders

Trends

Disciplines

Extremes

Problem

Solution

Strategies

Highly traversed yet under-utilized intersection.

Invest in the Intersection.

Urban, Economic, Ecology

Institutional Civic Private Residential Industrial

Boston University Civic / Government Private Interest Community groups, NGOs Residents / Students Tourists

College attendence numbers Local and regional masterplans Zoning and Code Environmental concerns Population statistics Demographics Real estate trends

No Community Engagement

Variety of Public Spaces

Not Profitable

Increased Density

Polluted Ecology

Site as Remediator

Access to Riverfront

Plazas

Community Program

Building Community Plan for Expansion as Income Program

Academia Building / Construction Ecology / Landscape Urbanism / Planning Development Politics

Extereme weather events Economic booms, depressions, and growth Population shifts

CSO landscape filter

Urban Wild

Greywater Wetlands

Research

Program

Stakeholders

Trends

Disciplines

Extremes

Problem

Solution

Strategies

Highly traversed yet under-utilized intersection.

Invest in the Intersection.

Urban, Economic, Ecology

Institutional Civic Private Residential Industrial

Boston University Civic / Government Private Interest Community groups, NGOs Residents / Students Tourists

College attendence numbers Local and regional masterplans Zoning and Code Environmental concerns Population statistics Demographics Real estate trends

No Community Engagement

Variety of Public Spaces

Not Profitable

Increased Density

Polluted Ecology

Site as Remediator

Access to Riverfront

Plazas

Community Program

Building Community Plan for Expansion as Income Program

Academia Building / Construction Ecology / Landscape Urbanism / Planning Development Politics

Extereme weather events Economic booms, depressions, and growth Population shifts

CSO landscape filter

Urban Wild

Greywater Wetlands

Research

Program

Stakeholders

Trends

Disciplines

Extremes

Problem

Solution

Strategies

Highly traversed yet under-utilized intersection.

Invest in the Intersection.

Urban, Economic, Ecology

Institutional Civic Private Residential Industrial

Boston University Civic / Government Private Interest Community groups, NGOs Residents / Students Tourists

College attendence numbers Local and regional masterplans Zoning and Code Environmental concerns Population statistics Demographics Real estate trends

No Community Engagement

Variety of Public Spaces

Not Profitable

Increased Density

Polluted Ecology

Site as Remediator

Access to Riverfront

Plazas

Community Program

Building Community Plan for Expansion as Income Program

Academia Building / Construction Ecology / Landscape Urbanism / Planning Development Politics

Extereme weather events Economic booms, depressions, and growth Population shifts

CSO landscape filter

Urban Wild

Greywater Wetlands

Research

Program

Stakeholders

Trends

Disciplines

Extremes

Problem

Solution

Strategies

Highly traversed yet under-utilized intersection.

Invest in the Intersection.

Urban, Economic, Ecology

Institutional Civic Private Residential Industrial

Boston University Civic / Government Private Interest Community groups, NGOs Residents / Students Tourists

College attendence numbers Local and regional masterplans Zoning and Code Environmental concerns Population statistics Demographics Real estate trends

No Community Engagement

Variety of Public Spaces

Not Profitable

Increased Density

Polluted Ecology

Site as Remediator

Access to Riverfront

Plazas

Community Program

Building Community Plan for Expansion as Income Program

Academia Building / Construction Ecology / Landscape Urbanism / Planning Development Politics

Extereme weather events Economic booms, depressions, and growth Population shifts

CSO landscape filter

Urban Wild

Greywater Wetlands

Research Problem / Strategy Phasing Urban Scale Building Scale

Scenario 1

Scenario 2

Responsible Land Banking

BU Expansion Needs + Income over time = Project is Viable

BU Owns Valuable Unvaluable Land

Urban Ecology Research Institute Performative Landscape Capital Injection to Develop the Land

Intersection Becomes More Valuable

BU Receives Steady Income

Research

BU Becomes Research Leader in the Discipline

Academic Study

Increased Awareness

Increased Property Values Around BU

No Current BU Need

Lease Out the Space

Increased Funding

Income and Reputation for BU

Viewable to Public

Educate the Public

Attracts More Science Students

Local Businesses Benefit

Resiliency in Extreme: Economic Boom vs. Recession

Resiliency in Extreme: 100 Year Storm

Recession Boom

Flood

College Attendance Increases Space Taken Over for BU Operations Rent Prices Increase BU has Higher Income Future BU Development

Commercial Rent in Boston

Land Value Comparisons

$46 per square foot a year (average)

Site

Land Value

Cost/Square Foot

35,000-40,000 rentable sq. ft.

Our Site BU Academy 855 Comm. Ave 871 Comm. Ave 881 Comm. Ave 704 Comm. Ave

$798,800 $4,071,300 $11,694,200 $4,932,800 $5,876,200 $2,210,600

$21.70 $47.17 $154.22 $118.81 $226 $341

$1,610,000 - $1,840,000 Yearly Income Local Comparison: 1079 Comm. Ave $40 / sq ft

Structure

Utilities

Grid Repititious structural bay allows easy partitioning of varying scaled spaces.

“Feet” Heavy specialized foundations in feet in anticipation of future vertical expansion.

Infrastructure cores puncture storage spaces below and house utility and HVAC services.

Maintenance personnel are afforded constant access to main ducts, valves, electrical etc. These cores can double as break or conference rooms.

Cores are located to allow expansion upward to service a future tower.

Building is Elevated

Crucial Equipment is within Concrete Cores Second Fr. “Served Space” 15’ above Ground

Move equipment up through cores to higher level

Active Wetlands

BU Research

Sidewell Friends School 6,300 sq. ft. of wetlands treats 3,000 gallons a day Water circulates through wetlands for 3-5 days before reuse in the building 92% yearly savings

2012 - BU received $273 million in federal funding for research + training

Boston Common Wetlands 40,500 sq. ft. of wetlands Estimated to treat up to 19,285 gallons of water a day

Proposed Ecology Environmental Biology

Structure

Utilities

Grid Repititious structural bay allows easy partitioning of varying scaled spaces.

“Feet” Heavy specialized foundations in feet to house and support wet-labs Vibration Vibration-sensitive equipment located on grade-support slabs.

Adjacent spaces service the teaching labs off the central corridor. Infrastructure cores puncture research labs and house large utility and HVAC services. Maintenance personnel are afforded constant access to main ducts, valves, electrical etc without having to enter the lab. These cores can double as rooms where large common lab equipment i.e. freezer rooms can be located.

Lab Module Modular Expansion

Limited job options Growing Businesses

30’

10’ Support 12’

Phase: 0

Urban

Building

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Phase: 1 Water Filtration Strategy

Tier 3

Tier 2

Tier 1

Main Drain Pipe

Urban

CSO Strategy

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Phase: 2

Restaurant | Food Court

Cores House Shared Amenities ie Conference Room, Break Rooms

Commercial Incubators

Mechanical

Rentable Parcels Storage | Bathrooms Infrastructural Cores Community Program Circulation | Breakout

Urban

Building

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Deliveries

Phase: 3

Offices Community “Living Room� + Event Space

Open Floor Plan Work Zone

Cores House Building Amenities Offices

Single Tenant

Mechanical

Main Rentable Space Storage | Bathrooms Infrastructural Cores Community Program Circulation | Breakout

Urban

Building

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Deliveries

Phase: 4

Extension of BU Student Center

Conference Room Core Kitchen Core

Transition to Labs Rentable Parcels

Mechanical Research Lab Core

Storage | Bathrooms Infrastructural Cores Community Program Circulation | Breakout Teaching Lab Research Lab

Urban

Building

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Deliveries

Phase: 5

Gallery of Research

Cores Service Research Labs Offices

BU Lab Facility

Mechanical

Circulation | Breakout Offices Teaching Lab Research Lab Infrastructural Cores Community Program

Urban

Building

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Deliveries

Phase: 6

Potential Dorms, Classrooms, Additional Labs

Cores Grow to Service Tower

Vertical Expansion Infrastructural Cores BU Program

Urban

Building

Program

Economics

Civic

Land Value

Institutional

Student Enrollment

Commercial

Yearly Rent Income

Laboratories

Research Funding

Ecological

Recycled Water

Research Problem | Strategy Phasing Urban Scale Building Scale

Boston University Common 0’

Urban Wild

50’

100’

200’

300’

Greywater Treatment New Quad

Library Pa

rc e

l

Law Tower

BU WE

Student Center

New Bu

ST

ilding

Future Development Future Development

BU Cen

Tower

tral

Parcel

Future Development

Air Rights Parcel # 2

Air Rights Parcel # 3

Typical Collegiate Quad

Urban Common Concept

Urban Collegiate Common

2

1

2

4

4 1- Urban Wild

2- Riverfront

3- Plaza

4- Quad

3

3

Boston University Common

View Across Plaza

View of “Bolt” Across Quad

Research Problem | Strategy Phasing Urban Scale Building Scale

Connect

Split + Splay

Subtract

Pin

Insulated CLT Panels

Structural Grid

Components

Glu-lam Post + Beam

Envelope Flexibility

Window

CLT Flooring

Sectional Variety

Concrete Infrastructural Cores

Inner Steel Trusses

Infrastructural Pins

Perimeter Steel Truss

Wood + Concrete + Steel

Why CLT Panels?

Material Source

Composed of several layers of boards stacked crosswise and nailed together.

The wood is sourced from sustainably managed forests. Fast-growing softwoods not traditionally used for structural purposes are replaced with seedlings after being felled for materials. The forest ecology is maintained with cyclical replanting.

Construction Method

Because they are a prefabricated building system, CLT structures are quickly erected in the field with a small crew workers. The 8 CLT floors of the Stadhaus in London were constructed in one month with only 4 workers. This is a huge time saver which saves developers and owners money.

Fire Resistance

CLT’s have been tested for fire resistance, and prove to act as heavy timbers in fire. A char layer builds up on the outer layers of the thick panels, allowing the inner layers of the panels to retain their structural capacities for 2-3 hours.

Acoustics

Wood has wonderful insulating properties, both thermal and acoustical, and the many layers of wood in CLT panels reinforce this material quality. This project’s floor assembly of 6” of CLT boards, 3” of rigid insulation, and 3” of concrete with hydronic radiant flooring perform extremely well acoustically.

Code dictates that the minimum Sound Transmission Class, which deals with airborne sound, is 50 for floors. This project’s floor assembly’s STC is 64. Code dictates that the minimum Impact Insulation Class, which deals with structure-borne sound, is 50 for floors. This project’s floor assembly IIC is 72.

Environmental

Wood is a far more environmentally friendly building material than steel or concrete. Wood production has lower air and water toxicity indexes, produces less solid waste, and has significiantly lower embodied energy than steel or concrete (53% less and 120% less, respectively). The sustainable forests which the material is sourced from are also carbon sinks. The wood products themselves store carbon. One cubic meter of wood can sequester 1-1.6 tons of carbon. These enviromental benefits recommended wood as the primary structural material.

3” Concrete Pour Radiant Coil Rigid Insulation CLT Panel

24” Glulam

CLT Panel

24’

24’

6’

Structural Assembly

12’

Construction Assembly

1: Plaza, Excavate Site, Retaining Walls,

2: Geothermal, Plant Forest, Program Plaza

3: Concrete Footings/Cores

4: Ground Floor, Pierce Bridge with Trusses

5: First Floor Framing, Temporary Bridge

6: Second Floor

7: Second Floor Framing

8: Roof / Connection to Esplanade

9: Build Wetland Tiers

10: Flood

11: Outposts

Full Buildout

View From Plaza Across Wetlands

w

Structure

Geothermal

Shading

Natural Ventilation

Water Mitigation

Evaporative Cooling

Forest Captures and Cleans Exhaust Air From Highway

Polluted Air

EVAPORATIVE COOLING

I:90

Phase 4 Phase 1

Excavated Soil from the Creation of Wetlands

Phase 2

Natural Ventilation

Ground as Insulation

Forest Captures and Cleans Exhaust Air From Highway

Polluted Air

EVAPORATIVE COOLING

I:90

Natural Ventilation

Phase 4 Phase 1

Phase 2

Ground as Insulation

Excavated Soil from the Creation of Wetlands Phase 3 Holding Tank

Heat Pump

Shallow Ground Source Loop

Enlarged Foundations for Future Vertical Expansion

w

Geothermal

Shading

Natural Ventilation

Water Mitigation

Evaporative Cooling

Entry

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

Lobby

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

U

U

D

D

U

Second Floor N

1’ = 1/16”

100’

57’

Window Wall Skylight

Ground Floor Plan U

U

U

U

U

U

N

1’ = 1/16”

First Floor

First Floor Plan U

U

D

U

D

N

1’ = 1/16”

Second Floor

Roof Plan N

1’ = 1/16”

Roof

View From Roof

Assembly

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 4 2 3

5 6

31

7

32

8 33

42 34

14

43

9

15

35

16

36

17 10

19 A

44

18

20 23

21

22

37

24

38

39

41 40

B 45

26 12

11 46 27 25 28

29

47 13 30

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

Skylight Recessed Mullion 1’ Concrete Core 6“ Light Seam 1’ Planting Layer on 1/4” Filter Fabric 1” Drainage Gravel on 1/4” Filter Fabric 3” Rigid Insulation on 1/4” Root Barrier Membrane + 1/2” Water Proofing Membrane 6” Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) Structural Roof Panel Mechanical Ducts and Pipe Lines for Research Lab Maintenance Catwalk Floor Recessed into Concrete Core 6” Structural Concrete Slab Concrete Core Footing Ventilation Duct 6” Light Seam 3” Non-structural Concrete Slab as Thermal Mass Hydronic Radiant Floor Coils 3” Rigid Insulation 6” CLT Floor Panel Steel Bracket Connecting Glu-lam Beam to Concrete Wall Glu-lam Beam Flinch Plate Connecting Glu-lam Beam to CLT Panel Steel Plates down-bolt to connect Floor Panel to Wall Panel 1’ x 12’ Structural CLT Panel L-Brackets Connect Wall Panel to Floor Panel Light Seam Steel Plate Connects Concrete Beam to Concrete Core Concrete Beam Light Concrete Footing Glass Guardrail Wood Panel Fascia Roof Membranes Steel C-channel Balcony Glazing with Door + Operable Windows Glass Guardrail in Inset Mullion Metal Cap Below Insulation Glazing with Operable Windows 6 Inner 1“ Structural CLT Layers 3” Rigid Insulation 3 Outer 1” Facade Layers of CLT 1‘ x 12’-6” Structural CLT Panel Operable Windows 11’ x 12’ Glazing Flinch Plate Connecting CLT Panel to Concrete Footing Biology Pond Ground

Column to Beam

44

B 45

A - Beam to Concrete Core

46

47

B - Panel to Foundation

Interior View

Boston University Common

Urban Ecological Research Institute