Broad Street Scientific 2022-2023

BROAD STREET SCIENTIFIC

VOLUME 12 | 2022-23

The North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics Journal of Student STEM Research

TABLE of CONTENTS 4

Letter from the Chancellor

5

Words from the Editors

6

Broad Street Scientific Staff

7

Essay: Generative Art: Can Machines Be Creative?

JANE SHIN, 2024

9

Photography: Streets of Hawaii GANNING XU, 2023

Biology 10

Modifying Naturally Sourced Flavonoids for Increased Antioxidant Capacity and Antisickling Activity OLUWAKAMISI ADETUNJI, 2023

18

Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model for the Effects of Stress on Transgenerational Psychological Disorders PELAGIA MARTIN, 2023

29

Determining if a Novel Combination of Treatments Ibudilast and Interleukin 4 Can Treat Multiple Sclerosis Using Model Organism Lumbricus terrestris OZIOMACHUKWU OBI, 2023

Chemistry 35

Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanorods to Create Nanochannels in a Semipermeable Polyamide Membrane to Improve Water Flux in Reverse Osmosis Filtration NATHAN CONNOR BOST, 2023

40

Efficient Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metal Ions Pb 2+ and Cu2+ by a Reusable Hybrid Glycine-Functionalized Maghemite and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Decorated Biochar Model AMELIA LINTON, 2023

45

QSPR Prediction of Non-Proteinaceous Chemical Toxicity ABRAHAM SPIRA, 2023 ONLINE

Engineering 51

Identifying Sensitivity of Cortical Regions for Pathological Burden and Identifying Biomarkers for Parkinson's Patients Using Network Analysis ISHA MAHADESHWAR, 2023

60

Near-Wall Vorticity as an Indicator of Marfan Syndrome NAVEEN RAMASAMY, 2023

Mathematics and Computer Science 69

An Ensemble Machine Learning-Based Approach for Automated Detection, Forecasting, and Type Classification of Epileptic Seizures REYANSH BAHL, 2024 ONLINE

76

Utilizing Reinforcement Learning to Understand Decision-Making and Symptom Expression in Anorexia Nervosa MIHIKA GOTTIMUKKALA, 2023

Physics 87

A Photometric Search for Atmospheres around Kepler/K2 Exoplanets through Comparison with TESS Data IAN BRANIGAN, 2023

95

Effects of Changing the Maximum Camber Location of a Wing on Leading-Edge Vortices and Lift JOLIE DUQUENE, 2023

Featured Article 100

An Interview with Dr. Victoria "Tori" Miller

LETTER from the CHANCELLOR

4 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

WORDS from the EDITORS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 5

BROAD STREET SCIENTIFIC STAFF

Editors-in-Chief

Publication Editors

Biology Editors

Chemistry Editors

Engineering Editors

Mathematics and Computer Science Editors

Physics Editors

Faculty Advisor

6 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

GENERATIVE ART: CAN MACHINES BE CREATIVE? Jane Shin

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 7

8 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHOTOGRAPHY: STREETS OF HAWAII Ganning Xu

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 9

MODIFYING NATURALLY SOURCED FLAVONOIDS FOR INCREASED ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND ANTISICKLING ACTIVITY Oluwakamisi Adetunji

10 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 11

12 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 13

14 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 15

16 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 17

CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS AS A MODEL FOR THE EFFECTS OF STRESS ON TRANSGENERATIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS Pelagia Martin

18 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 19

20 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 21

22 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 23

24 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 25

26 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 27

28 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

DETERMINING IF A NOVEL COMBINATION OF TREATMENTS IBUDILAST AND INTERLEUKIN 4 CAN TREAT MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS USING MODEL ORGANISM Oziomachukwu Obi

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 29

30 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 31

32 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 33

34 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

BIOLOGY

SYNTHESIS OF HYDROXYAPATITE NANORODS TO CREATE NANOCHANNELS IN A SEMIPERMEABLE POLYAMIDE MEMBRANE TO IMPROVE WATER FLUX IN REVERSE OSMOSIS FILTRATION Nathan Connor Bost

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 35

36 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 37

38 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 39

EFFICIENT SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF HEAVY METAL IONS PB2+ AND CU2+ BY A REUSABLE HYBRID GLYCINE-FUNCTIONALIZED MAGHEMITE Amelia Linton

40 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 41

42 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 43

44 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

QSPR PREDICTION OF NON-PROTEINACEOUS CHEMICAL TOXICITY Abraham Spira

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 45

46 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 47

48 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 49

50 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

CHEMISTRY

IDENTIFYING SENSITIVITY OF CORTICAL REGIONS FOR PATHOLOGICAL BURDEN AND IDENTIFYING BIOMARKERS FOR PARKINSON’S PATIENTS USING NETWORK ANALYSIS Isha Mahadeshwar

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 51

52 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 53

54 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 55

56 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 57

58 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 59

NEAR-WALL VORTICITY AS AN INDICATOR OF MARFAN SYNDROME Naveen Ramasamy

60 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

α δ ε

ENGINEERING

γ

ζ

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 61

δ α α δ

α

γ ε

δ

ζ

α

δ

α δ

62 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

δ

δ α

α

Δ

α

γ

δ ε ζ

α δ ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 63

δ

α

δ

α

64 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 65

66 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 67

68 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

ENGINEERING

AN ENSEMBLE MACHINE LEARNING-BASED APPROACH FOR AUTOMATED DETECTION, FORECASTING, AND TYPE CLASSIFICATION OF EPILEPTIC SEIZURES Reyansh Bahl

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 69

70 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 71

72 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 73

74 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 75

UTILIZING REINFORCEMENT LEARNING TO UNDERSTAND DECISION-MAKING AND SYMPTOM EXPRESSION IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA Mihika Gottimukkala

76 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 77

78 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

α

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 79

α

80 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 81

82 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 83

84 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 85

86 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

A PHOTOMETRIC SEARCH FOR ATMOSPHERES AROUND KEPLER/K2 EXOPLANETS THROUGH COMPARISON WITH TESS DATA Ian Branigan

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 87

88 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHYSICS

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 89

90 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHYSICS

⊕

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 91

92 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHYSICS

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 93

94 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHYSICS

EFFECTS OF CHANGING THE MAXIMUM CAMBER LOCATION OF A WING ON LEADING-EDGE VORTICES AND LIFT Jolie Duquene

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 95

96 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHYSICS

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 97

98 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

PHYSICS

PHYSICS

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 99

AN INTERVIEW WITH DR. VICTORIA "TORI" MILLER

100 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 101

102 | 2022-2023 | Broad Street Scientific

Broad Street Scientific | 2022-2023 | 103