CONTENTS CONTENTSS
GROUP 1
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5-25
GROUP 2
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27-37
GROUP 3
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39-59
GROUP 4
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61-75
GROUP 5
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77-90
1.HISTORICAL RESEARCH
1.Introduction 2. Evolution of Istiklal Street \ Significant Places From 60’s to Present Day
3.World History
\ Timeline from 1960 to 1971
4. Architectural Movement From 1960 to 1972 \ Metabolism \ Futurism
\ Neo-Rasyonalism \ Structuralism \ Regionalism
\ Postmodernism
\ High-Tech \ Green Movement
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION Beyoğlu is said to be a very large forest in times before B.C. Due to the density of the fig trees in the part of the forest up to the shore, the Byzantines called it l Sykea l which means figs. In 270 BC, with the Gauls migrating here, the name changed to Galata is. When we look at the medieval period, the name ‘pera’, meaning ‘against’ or ‘beyond’, is given in Greek.
It was known as Cadde-i Kebir during the Ottoman period and it was named as ılan İstiklal Caddesi sonra after the Republic. Istiklal Street is one of the most accurate places to get to know Istanbul and to understand the term cosmopolitan. Istiklal Street is not only an area of Beyoğlu, but also a centre area of Istanbul. Beyoğlu has always been a entertainment neighborhood. West, the western, western cultures and a place where he marked the extension of the Levantine culture in Turkey, in other words, ‘Frankish district’ has been. Stores, banks, coffeehouses, theaters, cinemas, bakeries and entertainment centers, as well as historical churches, synagogues and stone structures that reveal their own character Istiklal Street, has been able to maintain its importance in all periods from past to present.
13th century Pera (Beyoglu), ‘Galata-Beyoglu’ cover page of the book, by Nezih Başgelen.
Galata, within the borders of Beyoğlu in history, was a region where the mostly Genoese lived during the Byzantine period. It has emerged as a settlement in the appearance of the European city with Christians and strangers coming from Galata, settled around the embassies and along the Istiklal Street called Grand Rue de Pera.
The ‘Grande Rue de Péra’, or ‘Cadde-i Kebir’ in Turkish (before 1927), The picture dates from 1910.
Beyoglu, 1927. The names ‘Grand Rue de Pera’ and ‘Cadde-i Kebir’ are replaced by ‘İstiklal Street’.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH 1. Evolution of Istiklal Street Significant Places From 60’s to Present Day A 1
A
2
1.Atatürk Cultural Center (1969 - 2017) 2.Aziz Nesin Scene 3.Maksim Casino (1961-1993) 4.French Culture Art (1940 - ) 5.Majik Cinema (1919-2012) 6.Esayan Armenian High School (1895 - ) 7.Japanese Cultural Center (1999 - ) 8.Aya Triada Church (1882) 9.Akbank Culture Art (2003- ) 10.Lale Cinema (1939-2000) 11.Fitaş and World Cinemas (1960-)
5 3 7
B
12.Hüseyin Ağa Mosque (1597 - ) 13.Grand Pera 14.Beyoğlu Cinema 15.Ses Cinema (1911-1963) 16.Alkazar Cinema (1923- 2010) 17.Atlas Cinema, Küçük Sahne (1948-) 18.Cine Pop ( Ar Cinemas)(1943-2012) 19.Rüya Cinemas (1930-2009) 20.Emek Cinema (1924-2009) 21.Çiçek Passage (1870) 22.Nevizade 23.Ortaoyuncular Theater 24.Rumeli Han (1900 - ) 25.Saray Cinema ( 1913-2000) 26.Yeni Melek Cinema(1954-1984) 27.Degüstasyon (1921-1970) 28.Beyoğlu Şehir Theater (1955 – 1975) 29.Galatasaray High School 30.Galatasaray Culture Art
4 8 10
6
9 11
B
12 26 18 25 16 20 13 15 14 28 23 17 19
22 27
C
21 29
30
C
33 35
32
31.Kulis Bar (1948-?) 32.Consulate of United Kingdom (1850 - ) 33.Canada Culture Art (2008 - ) 34.Yapı Kredi Culture Art (1964 - ) 35.Aznavur Passage (1883 - ) 36.Hazzapulo Passage (1871 - ) 37.Panayia Church (1807) 38.Mısır Apartment (1910) 39.Elhamra Cinema (1923-1999) 40.Beyoğlu French Theater (1831- ?) 41.Saint Antuan Church (1913) 42.Beyoğlu Concordia Theater ( 1871-? ) 43.Elhamra Cinema (1923-1999) 44.Salt Beyoglu 45.Tepebaşı Dram Theater (1872 – 1970) 46.Odakule (1976 - ) 47.Italyan Cultural Center (1951 - ) 48.Societa Opera (1886 - ) 49.Holland Palace (1859 - ) 50.Arter (2010 – 2019) 51. Santa Maria Draperis Church 52.Borusan Art (2010 - )
31 34
36
38
41
39 40 43 44 45 47
42
46 48
49 50
D
62
51 64
D
61 54 66
65 56
53. Tarık Zafer Tunaya Cultural Center 54. Babylon (1999-2014) 55.Sweedish Palace (1870 - ) 56.Beyoğlu Narmanlı Passage (1831 - ) 57.Beyoglu Town Hall (1857 - ) Ziraat Art Gallery 58.Beyoğlu Metro Han ( 1912 - ) 59.Beyoğlu Karaköy Tunnel (1874 - ) 60. Galata Mevlevihanesi Museum 61. Hıdivyal Palace 62.Syria Passage (1908 - ) 63.Beyoğlu German School (1868 - ) 64. Consulate of Russia (1845) 65.Passage Oriental (1840 - ) 66. Istanbul Modern Museum
55 53 60
57
59 58
The Map of Istiklal Street
8
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
General Istiklal Street View, 1992
General Istiklal Street View, 2002
Taksim Square, 1970
Çiçek Passage, 2016
General Istiklal Street View, 1970
Mis Street, 1993
General Istiklal Street View, 2016
General Istiklal Street View, 1961
Beyoğlu Karaköy Tunnel Square, 2015
Beyoğlu Karaköy Tunnel Square, 1993
9
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
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11 Zone A
1. Atatürk Cultural Center
2. Aziz Nesin Theater
ture of the casino was over. That’s why it’s closed.Maksim Casino in 1993 as a entertainment center after a break of 13 years, but after a while returned to the casino again, but did not succeed.
4. French Culture Art
1946-2018 Ataturk Kultur Merkezi
In 1946 the foundation of the Opera building was laid. The architect is Hayati Tabanlıoğlu.When the building was completed, it started to operate as a Cultural Center. In 1999, Istanbul Protection Council No. 2 was said ‘’Atatürk Culture Center 1st Degree Urban Site Area’’.In 2018, demolition work was started. AKM will be demolished and replaced by a cultural center.
It was founded by students of Istanbul State Theater. Used for theater performances. It continued its activities in the basement of AKM.
3. Maksim Casino
Maksim Gazinosu 1961-1993
1946-2018 Ataturk Cultural Center, plan
It was opened in 1921 by Bruce Thomas as an entertainment center.It was opened in 1960 by Fahrettin Aslan as a casino.By the end of the 1980s, the cul-
10
The French Cultural Center served as the French Hospital until 1926.The French Cultural Center was used as a consulate building when the embassy was moved to Ankara. In 1940 a cultural center was opened inside the consulate building.This cultural center continues its activities including exhibitions, film shows and language courses.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH 5. Majik Cinemas
In 1994, it started to work in a small office room in Taksim.In February 1999 it moved to his own building.A variety of services are offered in this building, including Japanese classes, culture and publishing services.
10. Fitaş DünyaCinema
8. Aya Triada Church Majik Cinema 1919-2012
It was opened in 1919 under the name of Majik. Later, the name was Taksim Cinema. It is located in Taksim Square, at the entrance of Siraselviler Street. In various periods, the name of Majik Cinema has changed to Venus, Taksim, Yeni Taksim and Maksim. Until the 1930s and 1940s, it hosted foreign films. Later on, it was preferred by Turkish films for the gala. Before the building collapsed in 2012, the last State Theater worked as the Taksim stage.
6. Eseyan Armenian School
Aya Triada Church 1879
It was built in 1879.It is the largest Greek Orthodox structure in Istanbul.This area was a Greek cemetery in the 19th century. After the cemetery was transplanted in 1876, it was granted the permission to build the Church.The name of the church comes from the description of the place of the Holy Trinity in Christianity.The architect of the building is Vasilaki Efendi.The church has a Greek pilgrimage plan.The building has a central dome.There are two can towers on both sides of the narthex.
9. Akbank Culture Art
In the academic year of 1895-1896, it is opened to education and training as mixed.In the 1930-1931 school year, the middle part of the girls’ section turns into high schoolIn 1931-1932 the Esayan school gave its first high school graduates.In 1953-1954, in the garden of Esayan School, the school building adjacent to the church is repaired and put into service as a kindergarten. In the 1991-1992 academic year, a preparatory class was opened at this school.Since the academic year of 1993-1994, the middle and high school part of the school has been undergoing mixed education.
7. Japanese Cultural Center
Fitaş Dünya Cinema 1960
It was built in the Fitaş Passage in the 1960s. This passage, which is operated as AFM Cinemas, is opposite the Lale Cinema when you enter Istiklal Street from the direction of Taksim. A small cinema in the basement. Fitaş was one of Beyoğlu’s biggest cinemas with its high ceiling and balcony. Today, Afm Fitaş continues to perform as a performer.
11. Lale Cinema
Lale Cinema 1939-2000
The restoration of this building for a purpose other than the purpose of its construction leads to differences from the first building plans. The building of the art building, located in No. 8, neoclassical architecture; firstly, 6-storey apartment building. In 2003, it turned into an art space and showed spatial changes. The windows facing the street on both floors, except the entrance door, were closed and turned into exhibition walls. The gaps with a window before the ground floor have been designed as sections of publicity banners.
11
It was opened in 1939.It was operated by Cemil Filmer. Movie flashlight techniques used in Turkey is the first time this cinema. In other words, any scene of a film that is on display is taken by the decoupage technique and hung in front of the cinema in giant dimensions and illuminated by the lanterns behind it.Focusing on foreign films, the hall started to lose its audience when it turned to arabesque films. This cinema remained open until 2000s.
atıf
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH
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25 m st
yeşilç a
20
14 23 balo
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ayhan ışık st
13
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Zone B
12. Hüseyin Ağa Mosque
13. Grand Pera
It was built by Hüseyin Ağa in 1596. After the fire of the mosque, the mosque has remained without care for a long time. In 1934, the walls were rebuilt by the foundations. The mihrab, walls and minarets of the mosque remain from the old structure. Inside, four thick square prism columns hold the roof. There are four lower and upper windows on the Qibla and side walls. Upper windows are arched and decorated with colored glass. The walls are covered with Kütahya tiles until a certain height.
14. Beyoğlu Cinema
This building opened on 10 December 1989. Beyoğlu Cinema was made as a result of the conversion of a passage into a cinema hall by the efforts of cinema enthusiasts. All the shops on one floor were demolished and a cinema hall of 300 people was built instead.In 1994, it became the first local cinema company to be accepted as a member of the Eurimages, which was established under the umbrella of the European Union.
15. Beyoğlu Ses Cinema
Grand Pera, plan
Hüseyin Ağa Mosque, (1596-) plan
This building was opened in 2016. Grand Pera; is a new generation life center that is offered to the service of culture, art, entertainment, fashion and gastronomy. It has a passive approach that reflects the spirit of the neighborhood and has been implemented with the concept of ‘Beyoğlu Yeniden’.
12
Beyoğlu Ses Cinema 1911-1963
HISTORICAL RESEARCH It was the only theater built during the Ottoman period and standing today. This building was a building that had been performed in the first period of coper and riding.This building was later translated into opera. In 1904, architect Patroklos Kampanakis built a theater here.The City Theaters founded the operet Department here.In 1942, the Voice Theater was established. Sound Operetta founded by Avni Dilligil continued for 15-16 years.Dormen Theater, founded by Haldun Dormen in 1963, has been active here for ten years. In 1989, Ferhan Şensoy renewed the hall and turned it into a saloon of 550 people.
16. Alkazar Cinema
18. Cine Pop Cinemas
Emek Cinema 1924-2009, section Cine Pop Cinemas 1943-2012
Until recently, one of the most popular cinemas of Beyoğlu, Sine-Pop, was opened in Yeşilçam Street in 1943 as Ar Cinema. Cinema during the construction of Demirören AVM seriously damaged. Closed in November 2012.
21. Çiçek Passage
19. Rüya Cinemas
Rüya Cinemas 1930-2009
Ruya Theater was built in the empty space behind Serkildoryan with Şişmanoğlu Mansion, which was used as the Greek Consulate. In 1930 His first name was Artistic Cinema, then Sumer and Ruya.
Alkazar Cinema section 1923-2010
20. Emek Cinema
It was opened as Electra Cinema in 1923. Then the cinema, which took the name of Alkazar Cinema, was attracting attention with the entrance door of cinema at the head of Istiklal Street.The cinema, which had been closed for a while, was turned into a new cinema in the 90s by a team of filmmakers such as Onat Kutlar and Yılmaz Zafer. It was closed in 2010.
It was built in 1876. The building was completed in 1876 under the building, there were 24 shops in Paris style and 18 apartments on the top. The passage formed by the shops was called “Hristaki Passage” and the building was named “Cite de Pera”. In 1908, the passage took the name “Sait Pasha Passage”. The florists in Beyoğlu gathered in the passage and the name of the passage was transformed into the “Flower Shop Passage”. After a while the pubs, which started in the 1940s, gradually moved the residents and florists to other places and only the name “flower” remained.
Çiçek Passage 1876, elevation
22. Nevizade
17. Atlas Cinemas
Emek Cinema 1924-2009
Located in Atlas Pasajı on Istiklal Street, the cinema is one of Istanbul’s largest and most historic cinemas.It was built by Agop Köçeyan after the Great Fire in 1870 to be used as a winter house.In time, according to the needs of the building’s architectural shape has been changed to the current passage section and merged with the mansion.After the repair in 1932, it was turned into an entertainment and art center. On 19 February 1948 Atlas Cinema and Kulis Bar Restaurant were opened with a capacity of 1,860 people and 35 lounges.In 1951, the Small Stage Theater was opened.In 1985 it was operated by Türker İnanoğlu and İrfan Atasoy.
Melek Cinema was opened in 1924 at Hüseyin Ağa District, Yeşilçam Street, at number 5. In 1945, with the Cercle d’Orient block, including the Ipek and Sumer cinemas, the Melek Cinema was purchased by the Istanbul Municipality. When Ipekçiler opened Yeni Melek in 1954, Melek Cinema began to lose its old importance. The Cercle d’Orient block, which was put on sale twice in 1951 and 1956, was sold to the Retirement Fund in 1957. Retirement Fund establishes the company Emek Film and changes the name of the cinema to Emek Cinema.
13
Nevizade is a short street with bars and pubs in Beyoğlu, but almost 24 hours of life flows through it. Although the history of this street does not go very old, its revival dates back to the early 1980s. By this time, the number of several taverns increases with the collapse of the Krepen Passage. When the taverns in Krepen have arrived in Nevizade, the street has started to be crowded.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH 23. Rumeli Passage
Rumeli Han 1900
Sultan II. It was built in 1900 by Ragıp Sarıca Pasha, the assistant of Abdülhamit. Beyoglu, Rumeli Pasaji, African Passage, Anatolia Pasaji merchant apartment buildings built. In the place of the building were formerly Bodos and Kevork’s wood warehouses. The building was built in nine floors. The building is a stone. The upper floors are planned as housing and there are 56 apartments. At the time of the building, the eclectic structures were made a lot. Among the former owners and tenants of the building were the Rebul Pharmacy, the gallery Edip, Abdullah Efendi Restaurant and the companies that had made their mark on Istanbul.
Yeni Melek Cinema is at the New Melek Performing Center in Erol Dernek Street in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. In 1954, the Melek Cinema started to serve. This cinema is not on Istiklal Street. The entrance of this hall is in the passage called Anadolu Han or in the side street. It was also called Aynalı Sinema because the base and sides are mirrored. Almost all companies’ movies were watched here. Famous singers from abroad in the 1960s gave concerts in this hall. After 50 years, the hand changing salon still lives as a show center.
Saray Cinemas 1913-2000
25. Yeni Melek Cinemas
It was founded as an Italian restaurant in the building next to the gate of the historical Çiçek Passage in İstiklal Street in 1920s. It was frequented by artists in the 1940s. The name of degustation goes in the memory of many poets and period artists.
29. Galatasaray High School
Yeni Melek Cinemas 1954-1984, plan
26. Ortaoyuncular Theater
24. Saray Cinemas
Founded in 1913 under the name of Gamo, it was named Luxembourg in 1914, Gloria in the 1930s and Saray in 1933. When the building went to Demirören Group, the cinema was closed. The palace was a cultural center where world-famous local and foreign artists performed concerts. The premiere of the best Turkish films were made here. In Luxembourg, the orchestra was on the street side of the building and the films were promoted.
27. Degütasyon
Ortaoyuncular is a theater group founded in 1980 by Ferhan Sensoy. This theater has led many artists to grow. His performances continued at the Şan Theater and Küçük Sahne. In 1989, Ferhan Şensoy bought some of the shares of this theater and made the renovation and moved to the Ses-1885 stage. Since its establishment, it has maintained its own line.
This school was founded in 1482 by Sultan Beyazıt in order to educate the statesman. It is named after the Galatasaray. The school reaches its modern position on September 1, 1868 during the reign of Sultan Abdülaziz. In 1868, the institution started its education in the name of Galatasaray High School and in accordance with the Republican revolutions. Feriye Palaces are opened for girls who were admitted to the school in 1967. In 1975, the institution became Anatolian High School and the education was 8 years.
30. Galatasaray Culture Art
28. Beyoglu Şehir Theater
Beyoglu Şehir Tiyatrosu 1955-1975
It was founded in 1955 on the street of Yeşilcam in Beyoğlu İstiklal Street. This hall was on the island of Cercle Orient. In 1955, the Ipek Cinema was renovated and became a beautiful theater with 765 seats. The city theater center was also here. The works were exhibited here for 20 years. After two fires in 1975, it turned into a garment shop.
14
The social clubs that have been established to allow students to carry out secular, modern, and democratic extracurricular social, cultural, and artistic activities that are in line with Atatürk’s reforms, were merged under one umbrella now known as the Galatasaray High School Culture and Art Center.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH 31 33 35
32
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Zone C
31.Kulis Bar
51
33. Canada Culture Art
Kulis Bar 1948
The Kulis Bar, founded by Corc Sütcüyan, became the indispensable bar of the Atlas Passage in the 60’s. Kulis Bar was frequented by theater, cinema, vocalists, writers, journalists and critics.
32. Consulate of UK
Yapı kredi Culture Art, plan 1964
The Canadian Cultural Center was established in 2009 in Istanbul, Istiklal Street. Canadian training programs provide professional support to individuals and organizations in the Canadian visa and Canadian immigration areas.
35. Aznavur Passage
34. Yapı Kredi Culture Art
The building history back to the 19th century. The first building was built in 1801 by Lord Elgin, the British ambassador of the time. Then first building burned.Then the building that Sir Charles Barry and William James Smith started in 1844 was completed in 1850.
The Aznavur Passage was built in 1883. In 1989 and 1993, it became new. This building has nine floors. Aznavur Passage also carries the traces of Italian architecture.
36.Hazzapulo Passage The YKKS building, which was converted and re-functionalized by TEGET Architecture, was built in 1958 by Paul Schmitthener.Although it is a new building, YKKS can be described as a transformation of Paul Schmitthener’s 1958 design structure. The facade, facing the Istiklal Street and the Ara Street, was evacuated and the building was emptied at the point where the floor alignments and vertical carriers were kept.
15
HISTORICAL RESEARCH The Hazzapulo Passage was built in 1871.The 13th shop of the passage contained Ahmet Mithat Efendi’s printing house under his house. The newspaper Ibret, published by Namık Kemal in 1872, was also published in this printing house. After 27 days, the newspaper was closed and Ahmet Mithat Efendi and Namik Kemal were taken to exile and arrested in Hacopulo Pasajı. But after this event, the passage became the meeting point of the Jon Turks.
actors of the time, took part.Left alone after the fire in 1999.
40. Beyoglu French Theater
was two separate buildings, summer and winter. Initially it was an entertainment tavern and in 1871 it was turned into theater. In 1904, it was reorganized. But then the church was destroyed for construction.
43.Elhamra Passage
37. Panayia Church
French Theater; Istanbul Beyoğlu was on the Istiklal Avenue, opposite the Mısır Apartment building and Saint Antoine Church. In the fire of 1831, the structures on the Istiklal Street were damaged. Today, there was the French Theater where the Alhambra Passage was located. Panayia Church 1804
41. Saint Antuan Church
The Greek Orthodox Church of Panayia Isodion was built in 1804.The church is located in a courtyard. From this yard, pass the Hacopoulos passage which is one of the important passages of Beyoğlu.
38. Mısır Apartment
The Elhamra Han was built by a businessman named Şerif Adapazarlı in 19201922. In the area where the structure was built, there was a former Crystal Theater. The building was built in the early 1900s with the effect of the National Architectural Movement. During the 1960s, the Istanbul Theaterwas one of the most important cultural buildings of this street.
Mısır Apartment 1903, elevation
Mısır Apartment was built in 1910s.Mısır Apartment is adjacent to the Saint Antoine Catholic Church, one of the largest churches in Istanbul. It was built in 1910 by the Egyptian Abbas Halim Pasha as a winter mansion instead of the destroyed Trocadero Theater. Mısır Apartment is one of the first reinforced concrete structures of Istanbul.
39. Elhamra Cinema
44. Salt Beyoglu
The church, which has been displaced many times in its past, took its last place in 1912.On 15 February, the priests moved to the new church and the church was blessed and opened to worship. The church was honored by the Papa XI.Pius and was promoted to the basilica level. At the same time The Catholic Church of Antoine has the title of the largest congregation and the largest Catholic church in Istanbul.
42. Beyoglu Concordia Theater
Elhamra Cinema 1923-1999
Elhamra Cinema; Istanbul Beyoğlu Istiklal Street 130 is located at the Alhambra Passage. In the place where French Theater was formerly located, this inn, passage and theater were built between 1920-1922. Due to the fashion of the period, the salon served as a cinema since 1923. In addition to being a cinema hall, Elhamra has also served as a cultural center and theater.In the 1960s, the Istanbul Theater, where the most important
Concordia Theater; Istanbul Beyoglu was on the Istiklal Avenue, next to the Mısır Apartment and opposite the Alhambra Passage. This day was the site of the church of Saint Antuan. It destroyed for construction.
16
Culture and art center established by Garanti Bank in Taksim.The building of Salt Beyoğlu was built between 1850 and 1860.In the late 1950s, this building, known as Siniossoglou apartment building together with the changes in Beyoğlu, lost its residential properties and started to serve the activities such as trade, politics and art.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH 45. Tepebası Drama Theater
community and has survived to the present day, has been active in various buildings since it was founded in 1863,and in 1884 it bought the building where today’s building was built. The design of the building belongs to Alexandre Vallauri and the application belongs to Bottarlini.
In May 2010, Arter opened its doors in Istanbul. Creating a new platform that will give visibility to artists to support new productions and to exhibit these productions. Arter, which has been operating on Istiklal Street since 2010, is moving to its new building in Dolapdere.
Tepebası Drama Theater 1872-1970
Tepebaşı Drama Theater was built on Istanbul Beyoğlu Tepebaşı Meşrutiyet Street in 1870. By 1935, there is now a Darülbedayi, which has a built-in scene and has a built-in scene, which changes as the City Theater. The City Theater is the flagship of the theater, although it also plays in other scenes apart from the Tepebaşı Theater. In 1942, the City Theater moved the Comedy part to another building. Thus, the name of Tepebaşı Theater changes as Tepebaşı Drama Theater.
46. Odakule
The construction of the 23-storey workhouse, one of the four high-rise buildings in Istanbul in the 1970s, was completed in 1976 by Architect Kaya Tecimen and Ali Taner.
47. Italian Cultural Art
The center which aims to develop cultural relations between Italy and Turkey, Casa d’Italia, also known as building, who had hosted the Italian Embassy until 1919 continues its activities in Pera.4 years after the proclamation of the Republic, the historic building, which was granted to the use of the Italian Community, has become the building of the Italian Cultural Center since 1951.
Arter plan 2010-2019
51. Santa Maria Draperis Socieata Opera 1886, elevation
49. Holland Palace
The Consulate of the Netherlands was built in 1859 by architect Barborini.The 1973 high iron gate on the Istiklal Avenue in Beyoğlu opens into the garden of the Dutch Consulate and comes to the Palace, a 19th-century house.Next to the Consulate building there is the Dutch Church, made of four corners of 1711.
The Church of Santa Maria is one of the nine latin churches in Beyoğlu in the 19th century.After the burning of the Church of Santa Maria in Galata Mumhane Street in 1584, After the fires in 1678, this church was moved to Beyoğlu. In 1871 the church was repaired.In 1904, today’s church was built by Guglielmo Semprini.
52. Borusan Art
Holland Palace 1859, elevation
50. Arter
Borusan Sanat moved to this building in 2013 by organizing classical, jazz, world music and contemporary art exhibitions with its performance center Borusan Music House.
48. Socieata Opera
Socieata Opera 1886
The Societa Opera house was built in 1886.Societa Operaia, a cultural club founded by the Italian Levantine
Borusan Art section 2010
17
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
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Zone D
53. Tarık Zafer Tunaya Cultural Center
55. Beyoglu Sweedish Palace
Beyoglu Narmanlı Passage 1831, elevation
Tarık Zafer Tunaya Culture Center, located in Bostan Street, has been serving since 1993. It makes significant contributions to the cultural life of Istanbul. Cultural Center, the professor of constitutional law and the political scientist Tarik Zafer Tunaya's name is alive. Tarık Zafer Tunaya Culture Center has exhibitions, conferences and cinemas. Cinema, theater and stage courses are also organized.
Beyoglu Sweedish Palace 1870, plan
The Swedish Palace was built in 1870. The first building was completely burned in 1818. The opening of the present palace was made in 1870. In the lower part of the garden there was a small church built in 1858 by Swedish ambassadors.
The building, which was built in 1831, was used as the Russian Embassy until 1880 and then as a Russian prison until 1914, and then became the property of the Narmanlı family. In 2015, the restoration of the building was approved by the conservation board and in February 2016, the restoration of the building began.
57. Beyoglu Town Hall
54. Babylon
56. Beyoglu Narmanlı Pas-
The building was built in 1879 under the leadership of Edouard Blacque Bey. The architect is the Italian Barborini. The building was used as the district governor in the 1960s, and the municipality branch office was rebuilt. In 1984, he became the Mayor of Beyoğlu.
58. Metro Han
Babylon Music Club opened in Asmalımescit. It was one of the most important concert venues of Istanbul in a short time.
Babylon 1999-2000, section
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH Metro Han was built on 1912 as a Metro gar station and hotel. The station building on the Beyoğlu side was defined as a hotel and it was built with 4 floors. The building has become the latest in 1971.
This structure was established in 1491 by the Afyon Mevlevi Lodge Sheikh Divane Mehmed Dede. The building was renovated in 1791. The building took its final shape with the construction activities in 1855 and 1859. It was decided to be a museum with the decision of the Council of Ministers dated 2 October 1946.
61. Hıdivyal Palace Beyoğlu
Beyoglu German School 1968, plan
64. Consulate of Russian
Metro Han 1912, elevation
59. Beyoglu Karaköy Tunnel
On January 17, 1875, the wooden wagon and steam tunnel was opened to the service with the participation of a large number of local and foreign guests. The tunnel was electrified in 1971. It was opened twelve years after the London Underground and it was the second oldest subway in the world.
This structure was built in 1841. Used as orphanage and hotel. It now belongs to an Armenian foundation, and most of the floors are offices. The newest guest of Hıdivyal Palas was the café-restaurant ‘1841 Tunnel’. It is one of the indispensable works of the 19th century at Hıdivyal Palas. It is a 7-storey building. There are many different businesses, from offices to restaurants and art galleries.
62.Syrian Passage
The Syrian Passage was built in 1908. Six bazaars were built as three separate buildings. These buildings are tied together. In 1911 Santral Cinema was opened. That period was called Cine Central.The name of the cinema in 1925, Şafak in 1928, was closed with the name Zafer.
Beyoglu Karaköy Tunnel sections 1874
The Russian Consulate was built in 1845 in Beyoğlu.The great stone building in the western style attracted interest among Ottoman leaders and foreign state representatives in Istanbul and the levantines.The architects of the building were the Fosatti brothers who were specially brought up for this job.
65. Oriental Passage
Passage Oriental was built in 1840. Passage Oriental connects Istiklal Street and Asmalı Mescit Street. Today, unfortunately, it is out of traditional use. Today, the Marquise Passage is part of the old passage.
66. Istanbul Modern Sanat
63. Beyoglu German School
60. Galata Mevlevihane
German High School was established in 1868.Eight years from the declaration of the Ottoman Empire as the 1st Constitutionalism , two years before the founding of the National Union in Germany, the school, which was established as the German-Swiss bourgeois school ,has undergone many historical revolutions.
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Istanbul Modern is Turkey’s first modern art museum. The museum was opened to visitors on December 11, 2004 under the leadership of the Eczacıbaşı family.
Istanbul Modern Sanat section
HISTORICAL RESEARCH 2.World History between 1960 - 1971 The events in the 1960s have a very special place today. We can still feel the winds of freedom blowing in this 10-year period, which has witnessed great changes and transformations all over the world. ‘Opening’ in politics, in society, in art, in people’s view of the world, manifests itself very much. As in all the world, the situation is this way in Turkey. But the implications of these events in Turkey itself is a little more specific.
Bettmann,1964
The period starts with the coup and ends with the coup, caused great shocks in the field of politics. In the field of music, the first English compositions, the first popular Alevi jazz tunes, the first folk song arrangements, the first social song, the first twist, the first arrangement, the innovations in Turkish art music, the emergence of Anatolian pop and arabesk were created. This period, which gives inspiration to the period and the future with its thoughts and works, is defined as brave years when it is written.
SDASM Archives, 1967
Jim Morrison, the lead singer of The Doors, when the golden age of his age, was like a oracle when he said, ‘We will look great to the people in the future.’ The Beatles’ songs had become the anthem of that generation. Hippies’ slogans of peace were spread across the world by crossing the borders of the country. In addition to these, the space adventure of mankind started in these years. After the satellites thrown between 1957 and 1960, space race between Russia and America had begun. And for the first time in 1969, a human had set foot on the moon.
Gado,1966
Nasa,1965
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH Timeline French Pierre Restany announced the first manifesto of the new realist movement in Milan. Birth control pills released.
British Pop band Beatles was founded.
Poet Necip Fazıl Kısakürek was sentenced to 5 years, 2 months and 15 days in prison.
The first meteorological satellite Tiros was launched by the United States.
It’s a big Chilean earthquake. According to the Richter scale, between 4,000 and 5,000 people died in the 9.5 magnitude earthquake.
1961
Under the Treaties of Zurich and London, the Republic of Cyprus was proclaimed.
A new constitution was approved in Turkey.
Adnan Menderes was executed.
The Berlin Wall was built.
Turkey was held general election.
Amnesty International was established.
The United States cut relations with Cuba.
1962 Pop Art was presented for the first time in the Sydney Janis gallery in New York.
Marilyn Monroe was found dead in her home.
John Glenn was the first American to be launched into orbit around the world.
The nations began to declare their independence.
Nelson Mandela was arrested.
The Soviets launched the first rocket on Mars.
Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann was hanged by hanging in Israel.
1963
The Rolling Stones group was founded.
Colonel Talat Aydemir, commander of the Military Academy, and his friends attempted to coup.
Famous Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet Ran died in Moscow.
The Greeks massacred in Cyprus.
US President John. F. Kennedy was shot and killed in Dallas.
At the Leeds General Infirmary Hospital in the UK, a first-time human-to-kidney
Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) institutional law was adopted.
Justice Party won local elections in Turkey.
Historical artifacts were found in Çatalhöyük in 8000 BC.
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH
1964 Cassius Clay, officially named Muhammad Ali.
Winter Olympics began in Innsbruck, Austria. Ford, the Mustang, was launched.
The Nobel Peace Prize was given to Martin Luther King, the black priest.
Turkish pianist İdil Biret won the Boulanger Music Award. Turkish Air Force fighter planes bombed Greek Cypriot positions in Cyprus.
Metin Erksan’s Susuz Yaz won the Golden Bear at the 14th International Berlin Film Festival.
1965
The first US troops went to Vietnam.
In America, the Law on Voting for Negroes passed the Congress.
Süleyman Demirel became Prime Minister of Turkey.
Pink Floyd Group was founded. Black Muslim leader Malcolm X was shot dead during his speech.
The first Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival started.
1966
Turkey became a champion at the World Championship typewriter.
Altan Gürman’s Pop Art exhibition in Beyoğlu City Gallery
Unmanned spacecraft Luna 9 of the USSR landed on the moon.
The first Turkish car, Anadol, has started series production.
Cevdet Sunay was elected president in Turkey.
There was a military coup in Syria, the government was overthrown.
The construction of the Keban dam was started in Turkey.
Lyndon B Johnson said the United States will remain in South Vietnam until communist aggression is over.
Marathon runner İsmail Akçay became Balkan champion and Hüseyin Aktaş came second. transplantation was performed for the first time in the world.
1967
In South Africa. Christiaan Barnard made the first heart transplant to Washkansky.
The first Rock musical “Hair” showed great success in the USA.
The Vietnam War began.
Argentine Che Guevara was killed in Bolivia. The world’s first ATM was launched in Enfield, London.
The first official TV broadcast was held in Ankara in Turkey.
Ankara Hacettepe University was founded.
A group of scientists at Stanford University managed to separate DNA.
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH
1968 METU and Istanbul University were occupied. Istanbul University was closed.
Martin Luther King was killed in an armed attack in Memphis.
France used the first hydrogen bomb. The first television game “Şair Evlenmesi” which was written by İbrahim Şinâsi was broadcasted live.
The first female traffic police began duty in Turkey. Richard Nixon won the US presidential election.
1969
Astronaut Neil Armstrong was the first man to set foot on the moon.
In Libya, Colonel Muammar Gaddafi made a coup. The republic was declared.
Led Zeppelin released their first album (Led Zeppelin).
Internet entered our lives.
The Woodstock Music and Arts Festival began with the participation of 400,000 people in a dairy farm near New York.
Istanbul Bosphorus Bridge construction was decided.
Britain abolished the gallows.
Esin Afşar received Dario Moreno award.
1970 Muammar Gaddafi became the president of Libya.
The Japanese produced the first electronic calculator.
Wrestler Ahmet Ayık became World Champion.
Richard Nixon has announced a five-point peace offer to end the Vietnam War.
For the first time, TRT broadcasted 9 hours of daytime uninterruptedly.
In Syria, Hafez al-Assad made a coup.
1971 Apollo 14 has returned to Earth from the third manned moon voyage.
In the United States, cigarette ads on television were banned.
Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel resigned.
First space station Salyut 1 was thrown into the satellite.
The first Turkish wreck in Gölcük shipyards was launched.
Turkey has officially recognized the People’s Republic of China.
Pakistan - India war began.
At the age of 13, Michael Jackson made his first single (“Got to Be There”).
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH 3. Architectural Movements From 1960 to 1972
The Walking City was among the most famous ideas. The structure resembled a huge beetle on its metal legs. These marching communities were able to stop at service stations. It was also designed to provide a sheltered living environment when a nuclear war broke out.
Metabolism
Neo-Rationalism
The Japanese group, known as metabolists, proposed a new type of architecture based on adaptability and exchange values.In their dream designs, cities floating in the ocean and modular towers were reminiscent of giant spirals and branched trees.Few of their projects were built, but led architects and designers to hink in new ways in response to the pace of change in the 20th century society.
The Italian movement, known as La Tendenza, developed a method of construction that is both new and sensitive to the shapes, forms and urban plans of the past at the same time.It was referred to as Neo-rationalism outside of Italy for suggesting the voice of mind against the chaos of Modernism and Post-modernism.
La Cupola, by Aldo Rossi.
The classical geometry of neorationalist buildings can also be applied to much smaller forms than buildings. Some architects of the movement also worked in product design. For example, Aldo Rossi has made several designs for Alessi. An interesting espresso cooker named La Cupola (above) is one of them.
Nagakin Capsule Tower, by Kurokawa.
Structuralism
Probably the most famous example of metabolic architecture is the Nagakin Capsule Tower designed by Kurokawa in Tokyo. The structure consists of two interconnected towers. 140 smallcapsules, each of which is a miniature residential or office building, are hung.
In the late 1950s, a group of architects started to give a new direction to architecture by separating them from the mainstream modernist organization, CIAM. These structuralist architects have turned their gaze to traditional architecture, social structures and the power of earth, and at the same time produced buildings that look both modern and designed with more attention to the user than the buildings of the arrogant modernists of the previous generation.
Futurism
The British group Archigram evolved as a forum for architectural discussions and ideas in the 1960s.Their projects mostly remained on paper, but their ideas were highly effective.Archigram members favored popular culture with a high culture of modernism as heroic, suggesting an architecture in which there are no buildings in the traditional sense, and instead, they can be replaced by modular and bright, adaptable, pop-art colors.Basically, they were six people. Three of them (Warren Chalk, Dennis Crampton, and Ron Herron) were experienced architects whose designs were made, and the other three (Peter Cook, David Greene and Mike Webb) were full of young inexperienced and often had non-practical ideas.
Newcastle’s Byker Wall, by Ralph Erskine.
In the early 1970s, a number of architects working mainly on housing design in Britain tried to place residents - the future users of buildings - at the very center of the design process. One of the most successful projects was Byker Wall in Newcastle upon Tyne. Team 10 member architect Ralph Erskine moved his office to the construction site to keep the interaction between designers and users steady.
Archigram, Walking City
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH Regionalism Several architects felt the need to oppose the ‘international’ aspect of modern architecture. They want their buildings to express their place or respect there, prefer to receive their inspiration from local culture. This attitude, which is generally known as regionalism, has added richness and diversity to the late 20th century architecture and continues to influence the idea of architecture.
Hopkins’ Cambridgre Research Centre, by Hopkins Architects.
Tent-like structures, that is, solid fabric roofs hanging from the cables attached to the poles were a creative feature of high-tech architecture. It was sometimes necessary to take advantage of modern furnishings such as Teflon and the materials used to reduce the wear and tear, because the substructure was so soft that it was too soft to carry a conventional building. The large, multidimensional shapes of Michael Hopkins’ Schlumberger Research Center in Cambridge (above) are good examples.
Fuante de los Amantes,by Luis Barragan.
Green Movement
From time to time, planners and architects respond to local construction traditions by adopting the vernacular style of the region. This can be particularly useful when they absorb the local construction method in the area where they work and create a traditional building type - for example a house or farm - by using local materials. As can be seen in Barragan’s work (see above), the architect may also be successful in observing local customs.
The search for sustainability is a long journey. The only way to live for some is to build buildings outside the normal constraints of energy consumption, planning laws and architectural conventions.These people have created alternative communities living in low-energy houses, built from recycled materials. This alternative architecture for its advocates is the architecture of the future.
Postmodernism
Postmodernism is a term used to describe arrogant, different, humorous and colorful architecture that emerged as a reaction to the simple, limited architecture of the modern movement in the late 1960s. Postmodernists viewed their own way of thinking about buildings as liberating and liberating, and their unclean approach has had a lasting impact even on architects who go in other ways.
Earthship Visitor Center , by R0Ng.
Earthship Biotecture allows two people to build walls from car tires (above).One person fills the soil with a shovel, while the other hits the tire with a sledgehammer as smoothly as possible for tries to smooth.As shown in the picture, the tightly filled tires are very robust but may not be rigid enough. Therefore, to give extra rigid to the wall, sometimes they are built into reinforcing vertical profiles.
Vanna Venturi House, by Robert Venturi.
Robert Venturi, who designed a house for his mother, said he wanted the façade to evoke the picture of a house from the 18th century. The arch at the top of the door is an allusion to 18th century.
High-Tech
Most people are familiar with the term ‘high-tech’. This is usually a word combination used to describe the design type that uses advanced technology and exhibits this technology without avoiding it.’High-tech’ buildings have been built since the 1970s, these are structures that do not conceal their technology in a variety of ways, and which stunned people in the face of innovations.
25
2.SITE ANALYSIS
1.SITE \Istiklal
\Topography
2.ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS \Sun
\Noise
3.CIRCULATION \Transportation
\Traffic circulation
\Pedestrian circulation
SITE ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION Site researches are about Taksim’s and project site’s physical conditions on past and present for our project that will located on Istiklal Avenue. Starting with some history starting from the beginning of the 20th century: What kind of buildings were there, what kind of events were taking place and how the site is used. For more than 150 years, Taksim was a center for cultural activities, theaters and cinemas. So there were already some theaters before 20th century but their numbers greatly increased starting from 1920s. Until 1950s more than 15 cinemas/theaters were built in Taksim. However starting from 1980s this cultural approach shifted in to a more commercial approach and nearly everyone of those buildings started to shut down and even demolished. Istıklal street has been through many changes due to social , economical and political concerns since it’s existence . At this chapter ,Istıklal streets transformation through out the years are present . Analysis of how the configuration on Istıklal street evolved ,how the transformation affected its surroundings and the texture of the city in general has been made using architectural drawings such as section,plan,elevation and site plan. There is a comparison part which indicates the stages of Istiklal Avenue for the last 60 years analyzed through the based of traffic circulation. In addıtion comparison of sections and elevations of facades from Istıklal street are crucial to look at to be able to identify the layered texture , evolution , history and architecture behind it. .
Photography of site from Ipek street , 2019
SITE ANALYSIS 1.SITE
Project site
Aerial photo of Haliรง
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SITE ANALYSIS 1.SITE
vard boule ı ş a b Tarla
Project site
et tre
ls ikla
Defte rdar stree t
Istikl
al str eet
Sır ase
lvi l
er
str ee
t
Ist
e
s-i M
li Mec
an bus
et
stre
B o s p Mass diagram of Beyoğlu
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SITE ANALYSIS 1.SITE
T EE
TR LS
LA
IK IST
t jec
Pro
e sit
Taksim
Elevation of İstiklal street from Tarihsel Gelişim Sürecinde Beyoğlu, by Vedia Dökmeci , 1990 , 1/1100
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Ahududu street
Kuloğlu street
Hava street
Kartal street
Teraz street
TRAMLINE
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Küçükparmakkapı street
Project site
EK IP
Büyükparmakkapı street
SITE ANALYSIS
1.SITE
ET
RE ST
Galatasaray
SITE ANALYSIS 1.SITE Istiklal
Photograph of Istiklal street, 1960
Photograph of Istiklal street, 1990
Photograph of Istiklal street, 2019
Section of Istiklal street , 1/460 , 1960
Istiklal street in the 60’s was open to the traffic and dense trafic circulation through out the day was present due to the situation of the street being open to the car traffic. Sidewalks and railways for pedestrians to be able to walk were present. There is also a level diffrence inbetween the car road and the sideways. Also the traffic was flowing only at one direction so there were some barriers placed to be able to control the traffic and the car circulation. Huge signboards of restraunts and banks were commonly encountered fragments of Istiklal street at that times.
Section of Istiklal street , 1/460 ,1990
In the 90’s , Istiklal street got closed to the traffic and instead a tramway line was build. In this stage of the Istiklal street there were plenty trees along the street and sidewalks and level diffrence in between for pedestrians to be able to walk through the street were removed because of the closure of car traffic of the street. After the glorious ceremony of Istiklal street getting closed to the traffic , historical rail roads that was exhibited in a museum in Kadıköy has been placed through out the street to form Tramway line and stops. With this change , all of the Istiklal street got re-designed.
Section of Istiklal street ,1/460, 2019
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In todays Istiklal street the tramway line still holds it’s significant place but sadly there are no trees left from the 90’s . Aldo many shops in Istiklal street has been standed face to face with inevitable change since the 90’s .One thing that is still present in today’s Istiklal street is that there is no-level diffrence between the front side of the building blocks and the tramway line. Istiklal street today has limited - controlled car access to the street being half-way open. Between the two sets of building blocks are hanged through the street with repetiton also becoming one of the most iconic fragment of the street.
SITE ANALYSIS 1.SITE Istiklal
Section of Istiklal ,1/500
Project site
Küçükparmak kapı street
Section of Istiklal , Taksim in elevation 1/500
Project site
Küçükparmak kapı street
Section of , 1/500
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SITE ANALYSIS 2.ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS Sun & noise diagram
Photographs of site , 2019
Photographs of site , 2019
09.00
09.00
12.00
12.00
Shadow diagram 16.00 Sun diagram
Winter shadow study
36
18.00 Summer shadow study
SITE ANALYSIS 3.CIRCULATION Transportation&traffic circulation diagram
Noise pollution diagram,1/1100
Transportation diagram,1/1100
The most dense area in speaking of noise pollution is the Istiklal street itself because Istiklal street is one of the most populated streets in Istanbul, the intense traffic and pedestrian circulation has its place to make sure that noise pollution occurs at its highest.
The project area is near to taksim square where it can be accessed through plenty of ways. There is tram line along the whole Istiklal avenue. Also a metro station is present with three exits roads.In addıtion bus lines enables to reach the area.
Traffic circulation diagram1/1100
Pedestrian density diagram,1/110
The project area is located between Ipek street and Istıklal avenue. Both Istıklal avenue and Ipek street have resrtricted access to vehicles. In case of Istıklal vehicles can only use between 06.00-10.00. As for Ipek street eastern end of the street is blocked and the western end is connected to a one way road which is connected to the the Istiklal.
The project area has been to many changes since it’s existence . The street got closed to traffic and got open to the traffic and got semi-open to the traffic. All these factors affect the pedestrian density through out . Today because istiklal street is not fully open to the traffic , people are forced to travel as pedestrians through the street.
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3.CURATORIAL RESEARCH
CURATORIAL RESEARCH
1.TIMELINE 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS \ Records
\ Commemoratives \ Magazines \ Posters
3.ACCESSORIES 4.MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
CURATORIAL RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION 1960’s...The speed of change was unbelievable.After World War II in the world that born again from his ashes, the new generation was dreaming a world quite different from their parents lived.Probably, ıt was the only period that people could understand the speciality of the era they are living in. Youths, who drive fast cars, living like hippies, listening psychedelic rock, wearing colourful clothes and has words to say are almost the reflection of 1960’s on earth.After an examination process, we, the creator team, are going to examine products and developments that happened in several contexts with their stories and importances.With a general categorization, in this book we are going to present graphics, outfits and musical instruments. First of all, in this chapter we are going to mark out the under titles of graphic, just like records, magazines, posters and commemoratives. To keep the products catchy, it is crucial to keep the observers interest alive by choosing the right product with right story and has a design, intrinsict to it’s period.As a result of this, we our collection is consisting from pieces just like legendary Beatles albums, ses magazines, Jımı Hendrix records or The talented Turkish artists like Moğollar, Erkin Koray, Mavi Çocuklar and Barış Manço.Some of these artists were not important just because of their musics.They have affected masses of people and became immortal legends.The reason of this is all of these artists has their own style, has their own ideas and capacity to impress people.Even, sometimes they tried extraordinary things to keep the crowds attention alive just like getting naked or attempting to create new trends, they still succeeded to stay at the top of the music list due to their crativity and productivity. The second part of the products are consisting from outfits just like accesories,stage costumes and everyday clothings.Even some of these outfits are worn just as regular, everyday clothing (To illustrate, Paul McCartney’s red T-Shirt) still these pieces can be described as the true memories because they were worn by importantly remarkable people at important times.Because of that many of these piece at our outfit collection can inevitably has stretch marks or discoloration at their several parts, but without any doubt, these marks are make the outfit more precious.People love to see the sigs of the past . For example, the coat that Jimi Hendrix wore when he was dying can be defined as one of these masterpieces. Unhappily, when he was dying, he has the beatiful grey coat on him.Despite this unhappy memory, this incident makes the coat more valuable at both moarl and material aspect because of the reasons as mentioned. The last part is consisting from musical instruments that used by significant figures of 1960’s just ike John Lennon, Jimi Hendrix, Paul Mccartney, Erkin Koray and many more. Many these artists became a single body with their instruments and known by them inevitably.Somehow these iconic instruments has more impact on people than anything else.It could be derived from the stylish and custom designs, scratchs, marks or just from their ‘’cool’’ look.As we can see even today, these instruments drag masses behind them with their replicas or even cheap copies.People want to feel like those legendary people and look like rockstars.
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 1.TIMELINE
Erkin Koray founded his first band Ritimciler.
Ray Charles releases the single “What’d I Say” which goes to 1 R&B and becomes his first hit to crossover to the Pop Charts reaching 6 on the US charts.
TIMELINE OF REMARKABLE POINT BETWEEN 1960-1972
Freddy Cannon of Lynn, MA has his first hit with “Tallahassee Lassie.
1959 1960
Beatles band has prided.
Maksim Casino has opened again by Fahrettin Aslan.
Freddy Cannon of Lynn, MA has his first hit with “Tallahassee Lassie.
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CURATORIAL RESEARCH 1.TIMELINE
After releasing his first album in 1960, Johnny Hallyday, tops the European charts with his cover of “Let’s Twist Again”.
UK pop music TV show Ready, Steady, Go! is launched and airs live on Friday nights nationally
Batı Yakasının Hikayesi musical has became to stage.
In Turkey, the first western-style songs written arrangements ‘Kara Tren’ song was released..
The first Turkish Western song which wroted by Fecri Ebicioğlu and performed by İlham Gencer ’Bak Bir Varmış Bir Yokmuş’has published.
After his start to music in 1957, Erkin Koray has released his first solo album ‘’Bir Eylül Akşamı/It’s so long’’ in 1963.
1961
1963
1962
1964
Barış Manço and his band Armoni’s who were students at Galatasaray Highschool has made the first 45’s record western music in Turkey
Balkan Melodies Festival held in Yugoslavia, with the help of Erol Büyükburç and Tanju Okan, the soloist of the National Orchestra, German made a great success with Burçak Tarlası, which he performed at this festival.
From it’s 24 November 1962, 53.th issue, Ses magazine has began to inform people about theMusic taste from Turkey and world under it’s ‘’MüzikAlbümü’’section.
The saga of Keşanlı Ali Ağa with it’s epic characters has released.
Freddy Cannon of Lynn, MA has his first hit with “Tallahassee Lassie.
The first Discotec of İstanbul, Tefo has established.
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CURATORIAL RESEARCH 1.TIMELINE
Altın Mikrofoncontest has started withit’s founder Hürriyet Newspaper.
Moğollar band has prided
Yıldırım Gürses won the first Altın Mikrofon contest in 1965.
The first light western music contest between Turkish highschool’s has began.
The Beatles hold the first major stadium concert in rock history at Shea Stadium in New York City before 55,600 fans.
-Erkin Koray’s 45’s record, which has ‘’Kızları da Alın Askere’’ on one side and ‘’Aşk Oyunu’’ on it’s other side has won big success.
1965
1967
1966
1968
Antuan shirths has gained a big popularity with Antonie (French Singer)
Timur Selçuk’s first record‘’Ayrılanlar İçin’’ has won a great sucsess.
The Jimi Hendrix Experience was an American-English rock band formed in London..
Deep Purble are an English rock band formed in Hertford.
WOR in New York City becomes the first FM radio station in the US with a rock format
The Beatles release the first single on their own Apple label “Hey Jude” backed with “Revolution”.
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CURATORIAL RESEARCH 1.TIMELINE
Canadian Neil Young releases his first album with Crazy Horse “Everyone Knows This Is Nowhere” featuring the songs “Cinnamon Girl” and “Down By The River”.
Tanju Okan received the gold record award for his ‘Hasret’ album.
Ufo are an English rock band that was formed in London..
Titanic are a heavy metal band formed in Norway.
Led Zeppelin released their first album(Led Zeplin).
Queen are an English rock band formed in London.
1969
1971
1970
1972
Jimi Hendrix was died
Kurtalan Ekspres an Turkish rock band formed in İstanbul.
When Orhan Gencebay and Erkin Koray were working together, they made saz.
Kervan Plak is a Turkish music company. Kervan Plak, a member of Müyap, was founded in 1972 by Orhan Gencebay and Yaşar Kekova.
Janis Joplin was died
America, a folk rock group formed in London, release their debut album to moderate success.
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CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS \Records Style: Rock & Roll, Twist Record Company: Grafson In Turkey, the first western music 45’lik with this plaque, a student at Galatasaray High School in 1962 Baris Manco community of that era makes harmonies.
Bobby Darin – Darin At The Copa, 1960
Style: Vocal Record Company: Atco Darin at the Copa is Bobby Darin’s fourth album and third straight top-ten charting LP in the US. It debuted on 17 October 1960, pea-ked at number 9 and remained in the LP chart for 38 weeks. The album was recorded live at the Copacabana nightclub in New York.
Adamo – Her Yerde Kar Var (Tombe La Neige) / Ballade A La Pluie, 1964
The Beatles : Please Please Me, 1963
Style: Chanson Record Company: Gramofon The song is the first example of a foreign singer singing in Turkish.
Style: Beat, Rock & Roll Record Company: Parlophone The debut album by The Beatles. Released under the name Introducing The Beatles in the United States with a slightly altered tracklist.
The Beatles – Help!,1965 You, 1963
Elvis Presley – Blue Hawaii, 1961
Style: Soundtrack, Rock & Roll Record Company: RCA Victor Blue Hawaii is the fourth soundtrack album by American singer Elvis Presley released on RCA Victor Records in mono and stereo.It is the soundtrack to the 1961 film of the same name starring Presley.
Ray Charles – I Can’t Stop Loving You, 1963
Style: Soul-Jazz Record Company: Mono The song was covered by Ray Charles, featured on Charles’ Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music, and released as a single. Charles’ version reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1962, for five weeks.It was ranked No. 164 on Rolling Stone’s list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and No. 49 on CMT’s “100 Greatest Songs in Country Music”.
Style: Beat, Soundtrack, Pop Rock Record Company: Palophone Help! is the fifth studio album by English rock band the Beatles and the soundtrack from their film Help!.It was released on 6 August 1965. Produced by George Martin, it was the fifth UK album release by the band, and contains fourteen songs in its original British form.
The Beatles - A Hard Day’s Night 1964
Style: Soundtrack, Beat, Pop Rock Record Company: Parlaphone This song is the third studio album by the English rock band the Beatles,released, with side one containing songs.
Barış Manço – Twistin U.S.A., The Jet, 1962
46
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS
Ajda Pekkan - Her Yerde Kar Var Onyedi Yaşında 1965
Style: Vocal, Chanson Record Company: Serengil The first record of Ajda Pekkan.
Frank Sinatra – Strangers In The Night, 1966
Style: Easy Listening Record Company: Reprise Strangers In the Night is a 1966 studio album by Frank Sinatra. It marked Sinatra’s return to on the pop album charts in the mid1960s, and consolidated the comeback he started in 1965.At the Grammy Awards of 1967 Sinatr garnered two Grammys for his efforts on this album.
Adamo – Her Yerde Kar Var (Tombe La Neige) / Ballade A La Pluie, 1964
Style: Chanson Record Company: Gramofon The song is the first example of a foreign singer singing in Turkish.
Orhan Gencebay - Yeni Yolun Düzleri,1965 Cem Karaca, Apaşlar : Emrah, 1967
Style: Folk, World, & Country Record Company: Columbia The first record that makes Orhan Gencebay famous.
Ajda Pekkan : Seviyorum İlkokulda Tanışmıştık 1966
Style: Pop Record Company: Odeon
The Beatles – Revolver, 1966
Style: Soul-Jazz Record Company: Mono Style: Psychedelic Rock, Pop Rock Record Company: Parlophone Revolver is the seventh studio album by the English rock band the Beatles. Released on 5 August 1966, it was the Beatles final recording project before their retirement as live performers, and marked a progression on their 1965 release Rubber Soul in terms of the group’s readiness to experiment in the recording studio The album’s diverse sounds include tape loops and backwards recordings on the psychedelic “Tomorrow Never Knows” classical string octet on “Eleanor Rigby” and Indian-music backing on “Love You To”. The album was reduced to eleven songs by Capitol Recordsin North America, where three of its tracks instead appeared on the June 1966 release Yesterday and Today. BesidesRevolver’s cover artwork, designed by Klaus Voormann won the 1967 Grammy Awardfor Best Album Cover, Graphic Arts. The album was influential in advancing principles espoused by the 1960s counterculture.
47
Style: Psychedelic Rock, Beat, Surf Record Company: Sayan The first record of Cem Karaca and Apaşlar.
The Beatles - A Hard Day’s Night 1964 You, 1963
Style: Soundtrack, Beat, Pop Rock Record Company: Parlaphone This song is the third studio album by the English rock band the Beatles,released, with side one containing songs from the soundtrack their film of the same name.
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS
Pink Floyd – The Piper At The Gates Of Dawn,1967
Style: Psychedelic Rock, Experimental Record Company: Columbia The Piper at the Gates of Dawnis the debut studio album by the English rock band Pink Floyd, and theonly one made under founding member Syd Barrett’s leadership.Since its release, the album has been hailed a pivotal psychedelic rock album, with the embryonic elements of what was to become progressive rock.
Barış Manço & Kaygısızlar – Kol Düğmeleri - Big Boss Man / Seher Vakti - Good Golly Miss Moly,1967
The 5th Dimension – Medley: Aquarius/Let The Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures),1968
Style: Rock & Roll Record Company: Sayan Barış Manço is the first 45 to leave Belgium Group Les Mistigris and start working with Kaygısızlar. In 45, the “Cufflinks” previously published as “Our Like” are gaining a new identity with the second version.
Style: Psychedelic, Funk, Soul Record Company: Soul Cıty Medley: Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures) is a medley of two songs written for the 1967 musical Hair by James Rado and Gerome Ragni (lyrics). The song rose to number one for six weeks on the US Billboard Hot 100 pop singles in the spring of 1969.
Mavi Çocuklar :Develi Daylar / Tanzara,1967
Erkin Koray : Kızlarıda Alın Askere / Aşk Oyunu 1967
Style: Rock Record Company: Hürriyet The record with Altın Mikrofon competition.
Style: Psychedelic Rock Record Company: İstanbul This piece is recognized by most people.
Jimi Hendrix And Curtis Knight Get That Feeling, 1967
Erkin Koray : Çiçek Dağı, 1968
Style: Rock Record Company: Hürriyet The record with Altın Mikrofon competition.
Style: Psychedelic Rock, Folk Record Company: İstanbul It was released by a record company and it had a large circulation of 800,000 units.
48
Moğollar : Eastern Love Artık Çok Geç, 1968
Genre: Pop, Folk, World, Country Style: Pop Record Company: Sayan The first record of Moğollar.
Barış Manço, Kaygısızlar : Flower Of Love, Boğaziçi
Style: Folk Rock, Psychedelic Rock Record Company: Sayan Kaygısızlar went to Paris and filled the French record with Barış Manço.
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS
The Beatles – The Beatles,1968
Style: Psychedelic Rock, Pop Rock Record Company: Apple Records Abbey Road is the eleventh studio album by English rock band the Beatles, released on 26 September 1969 by Apple Records. The recording sessions for the album were the last in which all four Beatles participated. Although Let It Be was the final album that the Beatles completed before the band’s dissolution in April 1970, most of the album had been recorded before the Abbey Road sessions began.It is a rock album that incorporates genres such as blues, pop, and progressive
The Beatles – Let It Be,1970
Style: Pop Rock Record Company: Apple Records It is the twelfth and final studio album by the English rock band the Beatles. It was released on 8 May 1970, almost a month after the group’s break-up.
Style:Pop Rock, Experimental Record Company: Apple Records Although the album is titled simply “The Beatles” officially, it is most commonly referred to as “The White Album”, due to its completely white front cover. Originally released on LP on November 22 1968, in a numbered edition, the double album has been in print ever since and was reissued several times.
Erkin Koray & Yeraltı Dörtlüsü : Sana Birşeyler Olmuş / Seni Her Gördüğümde, 1969
Style: Psychedelic Rock, Folk Record Company: İstanbul This piece has received great appreciation.
Moğollar : Behind The Dark, 1970
Style: Rock Record Company: Diskotür The first record of the Moğollar in Paris. The first record of Moğollar.
Mavi Çocuklar :Develi Daylar / Tanzara,1967
Style: Rock Record Company: Hürriyet The record with Altın Mikrofon competition.
Erkin Koray & Yeraltı Dörtlüsü : Sana Birşeyler Olmuş / Seni Her Gördüğümde,1969
Style: Psychedelic Rock Record Company: İstanbul It is located as one of the acclaimed pieces.
Led Zeppelin : Stairway To Heaven,1972
Style: Rock & Roll, Classic Rock Record Company: Atlantic “Stairway to Heaven” is a song by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released in late 1971. It was composed by guitarist Jimmy Pageand vocalist Robert Plant for the band’s untitled fourth studio album.
The Beatles – Abbey Road, 1969
49
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS \Commemoratives
Gaskonyalılar Casino,1960
Yeniköy Casino, 1970
Büyük Maksim Casino, 1970
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Konak Maksim Casino, 1968
Bebek Maksim Casino, 1970
İzmir Casino, 1970
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Liola, 1969
Konak Maksim Casino, N.D.
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Maksim Casino, 1970
Büyük Maksim Casino, 1970
TepeBaşı Casino, 1970
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Maksim Casino, 1970
FotoNef Casino, 1970
Canlı Alabalık Casino, 1972
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
Genre: Photo Container
50
Günes Agency Casino, N.D.
Genre: Photo Container
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS
The Beatles, Jacksonville, 1964
The Beatles, Tennessee, 1966
The Beatles, Tennessee, 1966
Woodstock music and art fair, New York, 1969 The Beatles, Jacksonville, 1964 The Beatles, California, 1966
The Beatles, New Jersey, 1964
The Beatles, East Boston, 1966 Jımı Hendrix, Unknown, 1969
The Beatles, Indiana, 1964
Monterey International Pop Music Festival, California, 1967
Jimi Hendrix, Unknown, 1969
The Beatles, California, 1964 Woodstock music and art fair
Grand Funk Railroad, 1970 Jimi Hendrix, New York, 1967 The Rolling Stones, California , 1964
Ray Charles, 1972
The Beatles New York,1965
Jimi Hendrix, Georgia, 1968
51
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS \Magazines
Jazz News, 1960
Artist, 1961
Fabulous, 1964
Genre: Pop Magazine Continued as Jazz News and Review until December 1963 when it was discontinued.
Genre: Theater It was published in 15 days between 1960-1967.
Genre: Music Magazine It magazine was launched by Fleetway on 18th January 1964 and was one of the top selling music magazines of the 60s, 70s running for nearly 900 issues.
Mersey Beat, 1961 Melodi 1960
Genre: Music Weekly Music Magazine with 9 issues.
Fabulous, 1964
Genre: Music Magazine It was founded by Bill Harry as an approximately bi-weekly regional publication on Merseyside, its first edition appearing on Thursday 6th July 1961 and selling out all 5,000 copies printed.
It is a monthly film magazine published in Turkey. The magazine, which was the publication organ of the Turkish Cinematheque Association.
Pop magazine, 1962
Vokal, 1967
Genre: Pop Magazine It was weekly magazine but continued to 12th February 1966 when it was incorporated with the now-defunct Pop Shop.
Genre: Theater, Popular Music A magazine published in Ankara. The odd number is estimated to be the owner Cumhur SubaĹ&#x;Äą.
Ses, 1961
Genre: Theater, Cinema, Music It has started to be published as weekly cinema and theater magazines. After the second half of the 60s
52
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS
Top Pops, 1967
Genre: Music Magazine It was a three-weekly newspaper with colour content. Its first editor was Marcus Davidson, previously editor of the Birmingham Planet.
Rave magazine, 1967
Yasemin,1970
Genre: Pop Magazine Rave was an English pop magazine started in 1964.As Jon Savage describes in a recent Observer artic-le on ‘60s pop magazines.
Genre: Magazine Magazine that the news will be a brick in Turkey Rock History. Ustura magazine, 1968
Genre: Humor Magazine Hordun Simavi’in the colorful newspaper, Günaydın, since 1969 on Sunday, be-gan to add a colorful humor.
Bravo, 1970
Genre: Magazine ‘’ Youth Weekly Music Magazine ... ‘’ with 5 head-lines in the popular music magazine.
Killing, 1967
Genre: Fotonovela Magazine In this series, which has been adapted and published in Turkish, the protagonist has an anti-heroic skeleton costume and kills a woman.
Zigzag magazine, 1969
Genre: The Rock Magazine At the tail end of the sixties Pete Frame launched the greatly respected ZigZag magazine which featured acts like Bob Dylan, Frank Zappa, Led Zep, Traffic, Grateful Dead, The Byrds, The Who, Pink Floyd,etc.
Konser, 1971
53
Genre: Music Published in Ankara. The odd number is estimated.
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS \Posters
Behiye Aksoy, Maksim Gazinosu,1963
Beatles,1964
Aksaray Lunapark Gazinosu,1966
Beatles,1963
James Brown,Columbia Autidorium,1965
Behiye Aksoy,Taksim Gazinosu,1966
Jimi Hendrix,Dalton Arena,1963
The Rolling Stones,1965
Zeki Müren,Maksim Gazinosu, 1966
54
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 2.GRAPHICAL DESIGNS
Jİmi Hendrix,Boston,1967
Gönül Yazar,Bebek Belediye Gazinosu,1969
Led Zeppelin,Berlin,1970
Vatan Caddesi Lunapark Gazinosu,1967
Led Zeppelin,Civic Auditorium, 1969
Zeki Müren, Bebek Maksim Gazinosu,,1971
Jimi Hendrix,Oklahoma,1968
Taşlık Gazinosu,1970
Pink Floyd,New York,1972
55
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 3.ACCESSORIES
User: George Harrison
A stetson of fawn coloured felt, the hatband decorated with a metal and enamel brooch modelled as an apple.
User: Jimi Hendrix
User:Jimi Hendrix
A grass green stylish satin dress shirt with double ruff/frilled design at either side of the button closure. The puff sleeves also have ruff detailing to the cuffs. The shirt was obtained through a senior member of Mike Jeffries management team..
User: John Lennon
User: Jimi Hendrix
A pair of colourful striped trousers in wool-mix worsted woven in red, olive, blue and green stripes with black lines defining the separate colours, with three-button fastening at the waistband,
User: Jimi Hendrix
The coat worn by Jimi Hendrix on the night of his death.
John Lennon’s legendary beige mohair 1963 stage suit with black rope piping to the collar and closures, donated to the first ever Madame Tussaud’s Beatles display in 1964. The iconic stage suit bares the label of “D. Millings of 41, Great Poultney Street, London”. The completely hand made suit was recently discovered at one of the Madame Tussauds warehouses, it was believed to have been destroyed or missing up until this day.
A handmade Nehru shirt worn by Jimi Hendrix while performing on May 11, 1967, at the Théatre d’Issy les Moulineaux in Paris,while performing on May 16, 1967, at Big Apple Club in Munich, Germany, and while recording the Are You Experienced album at Olympic Studios in 1967. The shirt has a floral motif and was created from an Indian textile and has a Mandarin collar, with loop and leather covered button closure.Minor repair work has been applied to the shirt.Hendrix gifted the shirt to a friend of the consignor uring a backstage meeting in Munich.
User:Jimi Hendrix
Iconic glass of Woody Allen.
User: Jimi Hendrix
User:Paul McCartney
Jimi Hendrix Owned and worn Stage Belt.A new-Mexico Indian styled belt comprising of ornate chrome medallions with faux turquoise beads set as centre pieces each medallion measuring approx 2’x1” linked with large chrome rings between each medallion.
A short-sleeved t-shirt of red cotton, embellished on the chest with a badge of blue cotton embroidered in white cotton with an anchor motif -- worn by Paul McCartney circa 1966. Iconic glass of Woody Allen.
56
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 3.ACCESSORIES
User: Jimi Hendrix
User: John Lennon
Noel Redding Rust velvet shirt worn at the ‘Christmas on Earth’ show at London’s Olympia, 22nd December 1967.A rust coloured velvet shirt, with sleeves of floral fabric and braided detail to front . Clearly visible on the DVD release Jimi Play’s Monterey which features the Christmas on Earth Show in the intro section.Purchaseddirectly from Noel Redding by the original owner and accompanied by a facsimile letter from him confirming the shirt was worn at the Christmas on Earth Show’, a massive Pop Spectacular where the Experience played alongside the Who, Eric Burdonand the Animals, the Move, Soft Machine, Pink Floyd, and others.
The ultimate rock in Roll collectible. Original jacket made by Chris Jagger. This lot is accompained by a color photo of the jacket signed on the back. I certifity this is the jacket made and sold to John Lennon in 1967 and is an orginal, one off hand made garment. Chris Jagger. A spectacular display piece and a real piece of rock history. The jackets design gives a real piece of rock history. .
User: Zeki Müren
Piece from Zeki Müren’s stage costume collection collection that he designed for himself.
User: Jimi Hendrix
User: Zeki Müren
Famous ‘’Uğur Duvağı’’ costume of Zeki Müren.He designed this costume himself and start to wore it at 70’s.It was a breaking point for him.
Jimi Hendrix Owned/Worn Black Velvet Jacket (1960s). Jimi Hendrix had spent much of the ‘60s in a variety of bands, but had to go to England to really launch his meteoric career, spending the last three months of 1966 and much of 1967 in London,
User: Jimi Hendrix
Jimi Hendrix Owned and Worn Penny Collared Blouse (Circa 1967-70). A green and-white multi-patterned penny collared blouse owned and worn by Hendrix. The label is faded, with no size or information visible. According to the copy of the signed letter of authenticity from Hendrix’s late roadie James “Tappy” Wright, the shirt is “One of Jim’s many ladies blouses that he wore. It was not unusual for Jimi to want to go shopping in ladies’ shops so that he had more choice of the flamboyant blouses.This blouse was bought at a Lady Jane on a trip to Carnaby Street in the late 60s
User: Jim Morisson
User: John Lennon
Jim Morrison’s belt with leather strap, metal and carved buckle.
One of the leather boot of Beatles.This cowboy style leather boots became quitepopular at 60’s period.
57
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 4.MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
Eagmond, 1956
Model: Acoustic User: George Harrison Year: 1956 1956, George Harisson’s possibly first guitar, an Egmond acoustic.
Höfner, 1959
Model: Club 40 User: John Lennon In 1959 John purchased his first electric guitar, an Höfner Club 40 from Hessy’s music store in Liverpool and use it for about one year.
Model: J160-E User: John Lennon John Lennon’s missing 1962 Gibson J-160E guitar which he used while recording the Beatles ‘Please Please Me.The guitar, was missing for more than 40 year.
Model: FT-79 Texan User: Paul McCartney Epiphone FT-79 Texan played by Paul Mccartney.The Texan was made popular by him for the recording and the live performances of the hit song from 1965 “Yesterday’’. It is also famous for being the acoustic guitar on which McCartney performed the signature “McCartney Picking” in some album pieces such as “Mother Nature’s Son” (The Beatles “White Album”)
Epiphone, 1962
Model: Casino ES-230TD User: Paul McCartney Paul Mccartney’s 1962 Epiphone Casino ES-23 0TD in sunburst finish.In 1964 McCartney, The Beatles’ bass player, was the first Beatle to ac-quire a Casino (a 1962 model), using it for his studio forays into guitar work, including his guitar solos on “Ticket to Ride” (1965),”Drive my car” (1965) and “Taxman” (1966).
Rickenbacker, 1965
Model: 360/12 fireglo (red sunburst) finish User: George Harrison 1965 Rickenbacker 360/12 fireglo, red sunburst finish electric 12 string guitar (custom built and presented to Harrison on 21 August 1965 at a press conference in Mineapolis, Minessota by radio station WDGYin association with local music store B-Sharp Music.
Rickenbacker, 1964 Resonet, 1959
Model: Futurama II-red sunburst User: George Harrison Year: 1959 1959 George bought a Resonet Futurama 2 red sunburst from Hessy’s store, Liverpool.It later ended up in the hands of Sean O’Mahoney, the editor of Beatler Monthly, who still owns it.
Model: Model 325 User: John Lennon 1964 model Rickenbacker 325 played by John Lennon. In addition to the holiday shows, Lennon played the guitar while recording demos in his home studio before gifting it to Starr in 1968 during the making of the Beatles “White Album Besides the guitar is also played by George Harrison.
Gertsch, 1961
Rickenbacker, 1965
Model: 6128 Duo Jet User: George Harrison 1961 George bought a 1957 Gretsch 6128 Duo Jetfor £70.In 1963 he acquired a Gretsch 6122 Country Gentleman from Sound City in London.It went for repair,was stolen and they gave him another one and the original one was later found.He preferred the new one.
Model: 4001S left-handed bass User: Paul McCartney 1965 Rickentbacker 4001S left-handed bass in fireglo (red sunburst) finish given to McCartney by the Rickenbacker at Burt Lancaster’s house in Benedict Canyon, hollywood, during the week beginning 23 August 1965.
Epiphone, 1965 Gibson, 1962
58
Fender, 1966
Model: Stratocaster lake placid blue User: Jimi Hendrix The guitar that became most associated with him was the Fender Stratocaster.He acquired his first Strat in 1966, when a girlfriend loaned him enough money to purchase a used one that had been built around 1964.
Gretsch, 1966
Model: Double Cutaway 6120, s/n 53940 , ‘’Paperback Writer’’ User: John Lennon his guitar, the Gretsch Double Cutaway 6120, s/n 53940 was owned and played.
CURATORIAL RESEARCH 4.MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
Fender, 1970
VOX, 1969
Sola, 1967
Model: Sound Tone Bender MKI Fuzz Pedal User: Paul McCartney Extremely rare tone pedal used by lthe egendary beatles member Paul McCartney.
Model: Henrix wood stock wah wah User: Jimi Hendrix Hendrix’s signature effects was the wah - wah pedal which he first heard used with an electric guitar in Cream’s “ Tales of Brave Ulysses”, released in May 1967.
Fender, 1970
Unknown, 1967
Model: Unknown User: Pete Townshend. The WHO The Who/Pete Townshend A classical acoustic guitar, with rosewood fretboard and spruce top, 1960s, signed and inscribed on the body in black felt pen PeteTownshend, May 19, 2000 owned by Pete Townshend 1967-2000 and used by him to compose Behind Blue Eyes, released on the Who’s Next album, 1971; accompanied by a document concerning the provenance signed by Townshend.
Model:Brownie Fender Stratocaster. User:Eric Clapton Purchased second-hand for $300 by Clapton, this guitar played many of those famous chords and riffs from his Cream days in 1970, all the way through to being back-up for blackie until Derek.
MOOG, Late 60’s
It became popular especially in late 60’s Turkish pop.This monophonic synthesizer has limitless and powerful sound patterns that allows to produce almost life realistic sounds. For example ıtis almost impossible to feel the difference between a real water sound and a moog based water sound production.Therefore this electronic instrument can be defined as a milestone for both World an Turkish music industry.
Model: Stratocaster User: David Gilmour The WHO Between 1970 and 1986, The Black Strat was Gilmour’s primary performance and recording guitar, and was key to the development of the Pink Floyd sound.
Gibson, 1969
Model: Rosewood Telecaster, User: George Harrison George Harrison was presented with this Rosewood Telecaster by Fender in December, 1970. He played it in The Beatles’ last ever live performance on top of the Apple building in London, in the 1970 Beatles movie Let It Be.
Gibson, 1969
Model: Custom flying V, ‘’The Flying Angel’’ User: Jimi Hendrix Jimi Hendrixs’ custom made flying v.Serial number 849476 manufactured specially for Jimi in 1969, this guitar probably left the factory in 1970.Jimi was playing this specific V during theIsle of Wight concert.
Mostrite, 1970 Steinway & Sons, 1970
Model: Z User: John Lennon John Lennon performed “Imagine” on his famous white Steinway grand piano that he bought for his wife Yoko on her 38th birthday, but he wrote it on this Brown Stein-way piano.
59
Model: Siverton User: Kurt Cobain It is the only known example of a Mark IV style Mosrite Gospel model. While Kurt owned and smashed many cheap (usually Univox) copies of Mosrite guitars during his career, this was one of only two actual Mosrites he owned. (The other was damaged and given away.) It was also one of his favorite guitars, which saved it from the usual fate of the instruments he used for live performances. Kurt purchased the guitar in San Francisco in 1990.
4.EXHIBITION
1. EXHIBITION TECHNIQUES A. Two Dimensional Objects \ Painting - Image - Photo \ Textiles
B. Three Dimensional Objects C. Digital
\ Audio
\ Visual
2. ERGONOMICS 3. LIGHTING A. Natural
B. Artificial
4. EXHIBITION SCENARIOS A. Narrative Approaches B. Route
5. EXHIBITION GRAPHICS
EXHIBITION
INTRODUCTION Exhibit .. but how?
In this chapter of the book, while the basic topics that should be considered in an exhibition are examined, information about the history of the exhibition is given. The other sections after the first chapter in which the history of the exhibition is explored, present the reader with the elements to be considered in an exhibition design while aiming to guide the exhibition designers, who are seen as storytellers, to tell their stories in the best way.
In the first main topic, it is questioned how changing the way of telling the story of exhibition designers seen as storytellers from the past to the present day and changing the way of telling the stories of the exhibition designers and turning the exhibition concept, accumulation of artifacts, objects that have emerged with the habit of human being into a collection and opening up to the masses explain the exhibition. The second main topic is the exhibition techniques: two-dimensional objects exhibition techniques, three-dimensional objects exhibition techniques, digital exhibition techniques are examined in three headings; has brought together various exhibition techniques with examples. As for the third main title, the most important factor to consider when designing an exhibition is ergonomics. In this chapter, which is required to design an exhibition in the most comfortable way for the visitors, mathematical data and universal ergonomics measures are examined. In the lighting chapter where the exhibited work can be brought to the forefront with a little detail such as illuminating the points to be emphasized and in the lighting chapter where many details about the illumination are explained, it is explained with visuals and examples how the works exhibited can be illuminated by artificial and natural ways. In the exhibition scenarios chapter where the visitors can see the routes that the visitors can see in the exhibition and under the title of narrative approaches, the story which is told in the exhibition can be listed according to which elements. In the exhibition graphics section, the items (such as fonts and dimensions) required to be readable by the visitors are discussed. In this chapter, under the title of conservation, the requirements for preservation of the works in the exhibition were investigated. In short, this part of the book is based on researches that are trying to gather under different headings the necessity of the accumulation habit to start the adventure with the accumulation habit.
‘It Happened In Monterey...’ Exhibition in Monterey, 2017, Curator: Ileen Gallagher, www.pentagram.com
EXHIBITION 1. EXHIBITION TECHNIQUES A. Two Dimensional Objects \ Painting - Image - Photo
64
EXHIBITION 1. EXHIBITION TECHNIQUES A. Two Dimensional Objects \ Textiles
65
EXHIBITION 1. EXHIBITION TECHNIQUES B. Three Dimensional Objects
66
EXHIBITION 1. EXHIBITION TECHNIQUES C. Digital \ Audio
Listening Exhibition, http://www.thejournal.co.uk
Salvador Dali Museum, https://avispl.com
Dwingelderveld Visitors’ Centre, www.kossmanndejong.nl
Venice Biennale 2012, www.archdaily.com
Museo Madre
Evolution Exhibition, www.designmadeingermany. de
The Velvet Underground – New York Extravaganza Exhibition, www.domusweb.it
The National Maritime Museum, www.tinker.nl
Pixel Forest Exhibition, www.designboom.com
Why War: The Causes of Conflict Exhibition, http:// www.bwco.info
Samsung Innovation Museum, http://newtype. design
NYC Information Center, https://mymodernmet. com
\ Visual
67
EXHIBITION 2. ERGONOMICS Average Human Dimensions male
1,6m 1,5m
1,5m
1,3m
0,9m
0,8m
0,5m
0,5m
male
female
1,8m 1,7m
1,6m 1,5m
1,5m
1,3m
0,9m
0,8m
0,6m
0,6m
0,5m
0,5m
1,6m average eye-level
1,8m 1,7m
1,7m
1,2m comfortable vertical viewing space
female
female
1,8m
0,5m
male
male
female
0,9m
0,8m
Ergonomic Arrangement on a Vertical Surface 0,6m
male
female
1,4m
1,2m
0,5m
0,4m
female
0,6m
average viewing height
1,7m
3,05m
In every design principle, we have to consider the human dimensions, if we are designing for the people, it doesn’t matter either we design a place as a big scale or an exhibtion as a small scale. Although designing an exhibition requires less ergonomic rules, the average eye-level height and the comfortable viewing angle cones should be considered.
1,6m
1,8m
female male
Two dimensional objects placed on a vertical surface, based on their horizontal centers coincide with the line of the average viewing height. It provides placing visual mass of the objects on the average eye-level height which creats a comfortable visual experience.
1,7m
Eye-Level Heights and Angles 200 175
21o
125
6o
1,9m 1,6m
male
100
0,5m1,8m
21o 6o
70
200
50
50
50
This one is less useful arrangement named the flush alignment.In this arrangement objects placed for all the top or bottom edges to align. The center line/eye-level relationship is lost in this organization.
50
Positions as the Angle of the Label Changes 6
o
27
o
6
o
60
27
40
o
o
o
vertical
30 angle
0,5m
65
27
50
1,6m 1,5m
1,3m
0,8m
0,5m
,5m
,9m
0,5m
100
,8m ,7m
70
female
90
horizontal
o
1,60
6
10
o
35
100
16,5
50
o
25 o 6
ale
150 130 110 90
flush line
average viewing height
150
68
EXHIBITION 2. ERGONOMICS Foward Reach
Average viewing sightlines
15
48
48
1220
380 min
48
67
1220
72
1700
1830
1220
43 - 51
61
1090 - 1295
1550 Average Eye Level
Ergonomics for Disable People
High Foward Reach
X
NOTE : x shall be ≤ 635mm z shall be ≥ x
When x is 510 to 635 mm, then y shall be 1120 mm max.
36
914 max
Y
When x<510mm, then y shall be 1220mm max
Z 1220 48
Height of table case
Maximum F orward Reach Over an Obstruction
Side Reach
255 max
760
54
30
9
Wall-hung objects with bottom edges below 685mm alert cane users to their presence
230
24
Maximum Side Reach Over an Obstruction
Protruding Object Warning
69
1170
610
30
865 max
760
46
High and Low Side Reach Limits
Cane detection of wall-hung case
34
27
685
1370
10
EXHIBITION 3. LIGHTING A. Natural
\ Artificial
70
EXHIBITION 3. LIGHTING B. Artificial High Sensitivity (ISO 2-3)
Medium Sensitivity (ISO 4-6)
Photographs:
Bamboo, Basketry, Feathers,Furs,
(albumen prints; colour prints with ‘colour’ in the name (average colour print); Polaroids) Parchment Plastics Prints(coloured) Textiles Wax(coloured)
Gouache, Hair, Lacquerware, Leather
(vegetable tanned; chrome tanned; dyed), Natural History, Specimens, Metal (painted), Minlatures, Paintings (distemper),
Paper (discoloured; wood pulp), Pastels, Photographs:
(colour prints or slides with ‘chrome’
in the nam; silver-dye bleach processed
prints), Tortoiseshell, Wallpaper, Water-
Low Sensitivity (ISO 7+) Bone, Ceramics, Chalks (natural sanguine, brown, black(conte crayons)), Charcoal, Enamels (true glass not enamel paints), Glass, Graphite, Horn, Ink (india ink, carbon based) Ivory, Metal (unpainted), Leather (undyed), Paintings; (oil; tempera), Paper (good quality rag paper), Pencil, Photographs; (silver/ gelatine b&w prints, not on RC paper and only if all UV blocked; gold toned, selenium toned and other permanently processed prints), Plastics (polyethylene, synthetic resins), Sliverpoint or metalpoint (if ground is white), Stone, Wood (unfinished)
colours, Wood (painted; varnished)
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Spotlights/Plan
Spotlights/Elevation
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Wall - wash/Plan
Wall - wash/Plan
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Contoured spotlight/Plan
Contoured spotlight/Elevation
71
EXHIBITION 3. LIGHTING B. Artificial
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Spotlight - front elevation
Spotlight - front elevation
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Spotlight - side elevation
Spotlight - side elevation
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Spotlight - isometric
Spotlight - isometric
Hughes, P. (2015). Exhibition design.
Spotlight - underside
Spotlight - underside
72
EXHIBITION 4. EXHIBITION SCENARIOS A. Narrative Approaches One of the important topics to be considered in the exhibition design is the order in which the works in the exhibition are arranged in order or in a certain order. Accordingly, the designers decide and apply the appropriate ‘approach’ to the exhibition in order to make the exhibition more powerful.
The Isambard Kingdom Brunel Exhibition in Bristol, 2018, www.thejc.com
As we have seen at the Isambard Kingdom Brunel Exhibition, the exhibition is designed on the theme of bridge construction. In addition to this, it is tried to strengthen expression by using chronological approach.
A Branded Approach
A branded approach is an exhibition approach with a more commercial concern. In this type of approach where the brand is put forward, the aim is to attract the attention of the visitors.
Ecodesign Roadshow Internationales Designzentrum in Berlin, 2017, Designed by Bogna Kociumbas, Michał Szymończyk, www.n-t-k.de
A Chronological Approach
The identity of the brand is placed on the essence of the exhibition design and precedes the works exhibited in the exhibition. The design structure and shape of this approach, which is an exhibition setup in the form of stands, is designed depending on the identity of the brand.
The chronological approach is a type of approach for the works exhibited in the exhibition, in a timeline or for the works whose meaning is explained in a specific order. In such cases, the chronological order of the beginning and end of a work with another change is of vital importance.
It is essential to excite the visitor in this type of branded approach where colors and light plays are widely used and the exhibition is inviting. It is essential to enable the visitor to visit the entire exhibition without losing interest. Creating a show in the exhibition created in this respect creates a feeling of excitement and curiosity in the visitor, occupies the visitor and ensures that his / her interest is not lost.
In this type of approach used in historical museums, it is very important to tell the story by avoiding a rigid and linear experience that restricts the exhibition on a particular route without tightening visitors. In the example (1), the works are placed according to their historical order and presented to the visitor.
L&L stand - Light+Building, Designed by Nitin H. Khatwani, 2016, www.lucelight.it New York At its Core Exhibition in New York, 2016, Photo by Filip Wolak courtesy MCNY, https://untappedcities.com
A Thematic Approach Thematic approach is the approach of exhibiting the objects or ideas to be exhibited in a certain themes. In this approach, it is important to classify the works rather than the chronological approach. This type of approach, where grouping is important, provides a clearer free-flow approach to visitors, and visitors can experience the overall story as a whole, while at the same time, they can experience groups that are created according to their themes within the overall story. With the widespread use of this approach, an ‘integrated approach’, which is the approach in which the thematic approach is used in combination with a chronological approach, is prevalently used.
T mobile stand, https://i.pinimg.com
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EXHIBITION 4. EXHIBITION SCENARIOS \ Route
Hero Object
Inner Sanctum
Given route
Free flow
Lilly pads
In & out
Arterial
Trouble
Star/Fan
Lineal
Free
Alcoba
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EXHIBITION 5. EXHIBITION GRAPHICS
Jenny Nieh
Kelly, J. (2012) Exhibition Design + Contemporery Encounters
Infographics are information graphics in which information is expressed visually. It is a way to better understand the environment we live in, everything we interact and make life easier. Information graphics or infographics; graphs that display information, data and knowledge visually. These graphs show very complex subjects in a very easy and descriptive way with signs, maps and technical writing.
Font: Generally sans serif font is suitable for short texts such as title and sign. Roman font suitable for long texts. In a continuous reading we know the words outlined. Roman letters have details to help. We should avoid using fonts that are very different from the norm. Distinguishing between good and bad letters is absurd. It is not good to use very fancy or handwritten fonts. We should avoid using fonts appropriate to the theme of the exhibition. This will make the content trivial and difficult to read. Choosing a font is one of the main factors affecting the readability.
2” Text (51mm) Viewer
4” Text (102mm)
Text tone: Exhibition graphics meet large audiences. So we need to explain the concepts well. The information should come together in an organized way. There must be a order of importance between them. Do not mention too much detail. It is not recommended to use a lot of technical terms. Forms should be used simply and clearly.
8” Text (203mm)
100 ft / 31m 200 ft / 61m 400 ft / 122m
Graphic designs with text have a legibility level. Size, format, color makes a text understandable. Very small or dark background text is difficult to detect. The aim is to prepare a text that is inviting to the reader. The ways of this are the writing tone and the length of the sentence. These are important elements. Caution should be taken when creating content. There are some parameters for a good chart. Some of these are listed below.
Kelly, J. (2012) Exhibition Design + Contemporery Encounters
Hierarchy: Place the contents of the text in order of importance. This way the text becomes more readable. Large headers are available. In this way, text content is easier to find. Exhibition texts are not a magazine or a book. It should be noted. Visitors may not read the entire text. This should be considered. The text should be appropriate for a superficial reading. It helps the visitor to use texts in the citation format.
Upper and lower case: If the text is short, it can be made entirely of capital letters. Usually capital letters are used at the beginning of the sentence and in proper names. The size of the font: It is a topic of discussion. Designers often want to use small fonts. It is important that the manuscript be readable even if it is not appropriate for the aesthetics of the exhibition. Sufficient font size should be used. It is difficult to establish parameters here, since the system that is used to determine the size of the letters the so-called body, does not relate to the specific size of any part of the letter. Thus, 20-point Helvetica can look very different from 20-point Garamond.
Length of texts: Many curators cannot avoid writing long texts. This situation distracts the visitors. Exhibition texts are usually hung vertically. The visitor reads the texts by standing. Visitors have limited time. It is difficult to read in these conditions. Texts should be kept short in these conditions.
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5.ARCHIVE
1.ARCHIVAL EQUIPMENTS A.STORAGE
\ Storage Equipments
\Placement Equipments
B.DIGITAL STORAGE
2.SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS A.FIRE PROTECTION B.FLOOD C.MOISTURE PROTECTION D.VANDALISM AND BURGLARY E.ARCHIVE STAFF F.LIGHTNING REGULATIONS
3.CIRCULATION A. ARTWORK \ Stairs \ Ramp
\ Elevator
\ Door \ Transportation
B.VISITOR
\ Stairs \ Ramp \ Elevator \ Door \ FireEscape
ARCHIVE
INTRODUCTION An archive is a space for keeping any kind of objects that could be used in a significant time period according to purposes or used before and needed an attention below future usages(accesses). Is the archive also an exhibition?Is it an exhibition is an archive? There are both physical and online archive needings based on a museum building.According to needings and regulations the main aim was to describe a less space with maximum storage potential. So there are some specified storage ideas with a knowledge of the dimensions belong to objects that would be stored in 60s music museum.
Also the transportation potentials are pretty important for a relation of storage and building itself based on their locations.Settlement of the storage and transportation elements as stairs,elevators,ramps etc. are suggested based on the circulation regulations that should be organised with a reference of usage the space. It is thought that the circulation elements must be efficient with any kind of transportation issue. In an archive premise, there should be spesified regulations that support the general security fact. And also, fort the safety and the productivity of the usage the archive itself are determinative elements on the regulatios. From air conditions to burglar alarm system are part of it. Working conditions , accessibility to objects , categorization of these are coming together with the decisions of circulation and placement.
Vitra Schaudepot /The collection of the Vitra Design Museum
1.ARCHIVAL EQUIPMENTS
H
F
28m
2.4m
3m
height of the pallette 20
Storage Equipments Introduce the needings of physical storage qualifications based on a management according to taking up less space by storing many objects and also an online archive statements by giving an access to public with certain regulations.
G
A. STORAGE
F
30m
height of the pallette
At the below, functions of changeable dimensions of pallettes in cantimeters as a supposal. With the entegration of the units above. The minimum gap should at least 75cm. It is important to increase the height in taller pallettes.
A
B
C
D
120
120
162
102
120
125
187
102
120
130
212
102
120
135
237
102
F
30
Here is supposal based on archive place that has 30m wide. Dimensions between the units that provides this width are shown above.
The gaps belong to height should be as; F: Base and mid level height= height of the pallette+30 cm G:Upper level height= height of the pallette+20 cm H:Total height=Total of the all height dimensions.
F,G and H dimensions should always be 5 cm and multiples of it.
120
140
262
102
For records;
B
35
7.5
7.5 35
77
1.17 cm-(17 cm - 7 inรง) 2.25 cm-(25 cm - 10 inรง) 3.30 cm-(30 cm - 12 inรง)
35
180
A
v
C
D
C
v
80
narrowest pasage
pasage way
130
150
regular span
230
300
ARCHIVE 1.ARCHIVAL EQUIPMENTS Machinery Vehicles for bigger/ wide objects.
With sliding shelf storage units, there would be additional spaces in the archive room.
pallet
electric forklift
B. DIGITAL STORAGE local server
These units provide an efficient use by categorizing and allowing an easy access to the object that wanted to bring into the open. cloud
Local Server is working place with screen .The computer can be a solution to access the electronic archive. The conditions of the computer environment are important. Consider the dimensions of the table on which it is located.
Copy Right For original works of art or design, ownership of copyright should have been stated on the loan form. If you wish to reproduce an image of the object in any way, such as in the catalogue, on your web page, in educational programmes or for publicity purposes, you must make sure the owner has given permission for this particular use. Enter copyright details into the database and note the format for the copyright owner to be listed.
Sizes are changeable according to conditions of the room beyond this it should provide maximum storage area with minimum space.It has mostly regular shelf dimensions stated last page.
Data entry Decide what details you need, what form the information will take and who has the role of entering it into the database. If you have an exhibition management system, the fields and formats will have been decided but if you are working with generic project software or with a spreadsheet, it is important to agree what information is required. If more than one person is is adding data, they should all use the same format.
Placement Equipments Introduce the needings of transportation issue based on desired storage equipments and objects wanted to be located in the units. There are some examples of them.
Working Area
Portable Hand-Vehicles for smaller objects.
(640-t) (800-t)
Women and Men (680-t) (800-t)
420-460
420-500
Women S
two wheeled vehicle
three wheeled vehicle
platform car
81
T
T(Height of the table) S(Height of the chair)
Table size The working area must be at least 160x80 cm. In cases where only the computer is used, it can be 120x80.
2-SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS Fire from archive room into other rooms If a ire cell contains several archive rooms, the dividing walls between the archive rooms must have a ire resistance of at least EI 30, and be erected in materials of limited lammability.
Archive premises shall be placed in the building in such a way that the archive material is well protected. Damage can be caused to archive materials by installations and activities in nearby premises and buildings. This applies to, for example, activities that involve a risk of looding, ire or explosions.
Paint, loor coverings, etc. used in archive premises shall be as little conducive as possible tothe spread of ire. Paint and loor coverings should preferably be ire retardant.
A-FIRE PROTECTION
There shall be no electrical equipment in the archive room other than electrical equipment that is necessary in archive premises.
All archive premises shall have ire extinguishers (handheld), preferably containing CO2 or powder. Fire extinguishers that utilise water should not be used. Extinguishers must be serviced annually, and the servicing must be documented(image 3.1).
Photocopiers, scanners, etc. can in certain circumstances be ire hazards, and should therefore be placed outside the archive premises.Coffee machines,electric kettles, etc. have no place in archive premises.
co2 or powder
The electrical system shall satisfy the requirements set out in the regulations for such systems in ireproof premises. Electricity control panels with current meters, fuse boxes, etc. shall not be located in the archive premises. This is because ires and explosions can occasionally occur in such devices.
Smoking and other ire-hazardous activities are prohibited in archive premises.(image 1)
image 3.1
image 3.2
Fire from archive premises into special archive rooms Special rooms designed for archival purposes shall be heated by means of heating cablesmounted under the loor or in special heating structures or by means of a hot air system or other sources of heat that do not pose a ire hazard or other risk of damage to the archive materials. The power to such equipment must be switched off when no work is being done on the premises.(image 3.2)
friendly gases
image 3.3
Fire from archive room into special archive rooms Special rooms designed for archival purposes shall have automatic ire alarms. In other words, the alarm must be triggered by sensors that react to heat or smoke, and preferably both. The alarm must go directly to the ire service or another alarm centre that is manned 24 hours a day. The alarm system must be serviced annually, and this must be documented. If a special room designed for archival purposes is to have an automatic ire suppression system, this should be a sprinkler system that uses environmentally friendly gases. Other types of automatic ire suppression, such as water sprinklers, can cause serious water damage to paper materials. It is therefore not advisable to install sprinkler systems that use water as the extinguishing agent in newly-built archive premises.(image 3.3)
image 1
Fire from other rooms into archive room In a normal archive room, the building components (walls, loor, roof) must be able to withstand open ire for at least 30 minutes . The materials used in the building components shall be of limited lammability. Doors, hatches, etc. into the archive premises must be able to withstand open ire for at least 15 minutes (image 2).
B-FLOOD Archive premises shall not be used if it is known that they may be threatened by looding. If archive premises lie below ground level, it should be ensured that water and damp cannot penetrate the outer walls, and that the maintenance of the premises includes draining the ground around the walls and waterproooing them from the outside(image 3.4).
able to withstand 15-30 min image 2
82
If there is a danger of water leakages from premises located above the archive premises, a waterproof membrane should be installed above the ceiling of the archive premises(image 3.5).
2-SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS D-VANDALISM AND BURGLARY All building components in the archive premises shall be designed in such a way that the archive material is satisfactorily secured against burglary and against access by unauthorised persons. The building’s ordinary security arrangements must also cover the archive premises.
image 3.5 archive room
image 3.4
Rules shall be prepared governing who has access to the archive premises. It should be ensured that such rules are it for purpose. It is recommended that access be limited to those who need it to carry out their work duties. It is therefore not permitted to have a general escape route pass through archive premises. Special rooms designed for archival purposes shall have special burglar alarms. (image 3.8)
image 3.6
archive
If water needs to be used in the archive premises, it must not damage the archive material. Cleaning must not be carried out in a way that directly exposes the archive documents to water or damp.
image 3.8
limited access
7/24
E-ARCHIVE STAFF Both active archives and remote storage archives should be organised so as to allow staff to perform their duties easily and efficiently. There shall be sufficient loor space for transport and retrieval of archive material. Moreover, the premises should have good lighting and work tables of appropriate heights.(image 3.9)
C-MOISTURE PROTECTION Archive materials can be damaged by large luctuations in temperature and humidity. Moreover, it must be possible to heat the archive premises to normal room temperature throughout the year, so that people can work there.
All types of paper are subject to gradual chemical decomposition. This occurs more quickly if the archive premises have high temperatures and/or high relative humidity. If the relative humidity is above 65%, there is a great danger that the paper will be attacked by mould and fungus. image 3.9
F-LIGHTNING REGULATIONS
18-21 C 45-55 %
5-8 C less than 30%
Allowing the access of sunlight directly to the archive material could damage them through the archive room. Espacially , organic materials as paper,wood or painted ones etc. should be avoided from the sunlight. It is easier to conserve materials that could be strength above the sunlight as stone.
18-21 C
It is convenient to use a lightning member that has the value of 50 lux or less.
image 3.7
· Paper should have a temperature of between 18 and 21 °C and a relative humidity of 45% to 55%.
· Photographic materials should be stored in the dark, at temperatures below 21 °C and with less than 55% relative humidity. The ideal conditions for original photographs are 5 to 8 °C and a relative humidity of less than 30%.
· Magnetic materials (audio tapes, diskettes, etc.) and optical discs (CD/R) must be stored under the same conditions as paper. (image 3.7) If the humidity in an archive room is too high, the archive materials should be moved to better premises.
image 3.10
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3.CIRCULATION A.ARTWORK Ramp Ramps are WWairs for wheelchair users, people with mobility issues and , and other wheeled items like forklit.
Elevators The elevators allow the transport of personal and art works through vertical circulation. Attendant that carry art work traffic conditions should be checked in planning. 2100
2400
2100
1900
1300
1400
630 kg
1100
1000 kg
1750
Ramps max %8
1300
2700
Ramps
1500
2800
2250
1600 kg
2000 kg
2700
Ramps max %8
1500
Max. gradient
Max. rise
9m
1: 19
473mm
7m
1: 17
411mm 375mm 333mm
1: 15
5m
1: 14
4m
285mm 230mm
1: 13 1: 12
2m
166mm
Six piece sliding telescope door, for large span cabins
Transportation Packing is most important part for transportation. It should preventdamage from shocks, vibrations and dropping, and insulate against rapidchanges in temperature and RH. The type and density of packaging is veryimportant: some conservators suggest that if packaging is good enough,there is no need to control the climate in the vehicle.
max. x=30 % (16,5degree) 1,875 m
2,0 m A full-specification, insulated, shock proof case for fragile objects and long journey
A transit frame for rebust two-dimensional works and short journeys
500mm 444mm
1: 16
6m
3m
Four piece sliding telescope door
1: 20
1: 18
8m
Hydraulic lifts Economical transport of heavy loads through small transport height is optional. Suitable transport height is 12m. The machine room can be placed in a position independent of the position of the sleeve.
max.10m
Max. going of ramp 10m
1500
min.2,5m
max.10m
A cardboard box with cushioning inside for small, light, robust items and short journeys. Minimum clearance for transporting easily
84
Ramps
3.CIRCULATION B.VISITORS Stairs
Doors Doors are important in places where public life is used as a museum. The opened door opens to the corridor. In general, the doors open.
Roll door
35-40cm
55cm
Swing door
The distance of the stairways to the railing at straight-line stairways is 55cm.
The distance of the outlet line to the inner side of the stairs at spiral staircase is 35-50 cm.
125cm
185cm
Setdown door
Swing door Suspended doors can be used for archives, museums and similar uses. They can be single-walled, double-walled, closed, partially or completely glazed. The transition width was 4.82 x 1.92 m. Maximum wing size is 10 square meters.WW
1,00 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,50 1,75
Single door
75 75 75 80 80 80 875 875 1,00
2,00 2,125 2,00 2,125 2,00 2,125
Stairs for two people
1,75 1,875 2,00 1,80 2,00 1,875 2,00 1,875
Stairs leading to three or more people
55cm
Double door
1,50 2,00 2,25 2,125
90cm
Emergency exits concern the local people who know the building and areas that are not open to public pedestrian traffic and the functions of the escape gates.
2,00 1,40
2,30
min 2m
Panic doors are open to public pedestrian traffic and placed in buildings and areas where users do not know the functions of escape doors.
min 100cm
25-1,22 The height of the handrail on the step face is minimum 90cm.
In terms of zoning law the minimum required stair width is 100 cm. The stair width is 125 cm in high buildings. The length of the sleeve length required in terms of zoning law;
70
3 steps ≦ sleeve length ≦ 18 steps
Normally suitable outlet riser height is in the range of 17-29
Moving art items on stairs and spiral staircase.
85
riser height X 2 + stair width ⋍ 62,5
3.CIRCULATION
The upstairs is not directly visible from the bottom of the stairs, which can provide more privacy for the upper floor. A fall can be halted at the landing point, reducing the distance someone would fall to reduce risks.
Headroom is the height above the nosing of a tread to the ceiling above it. Walkline – for curved stairs, the inner radius of the curve may result in very narrow treads. The “walkline� is the imaginary line some distance away from the inner edge on which people are expected to walk. Building code will specify the distance. Building codes will then specify the minimum tread size at the walkline. Though the landings consume total floor space, there is no requirement for a large single dimension, allowing more flexible floorplan designs. For larger stairs, a landing can provide a place to rest the legs.
The effects of the construction principles on the ladder geometry of the overlay or passing step to obtain a regular railing height.
40cm
min 2m
10cm
min 2m
min 2m
min 2m
Handrail and handrails up to 4 steps are not required. Handrails are not required on stairs with less than 1/4 slope.
Properly stacking stairs save space. Save space and money if the beams and baulk extend in the direction of the staircase. According to the zoning law in normal stairs after 18 steps is required to put a platform. Some stairs may not have a platform until floor height of up to 4 meter.
Riser Height: 16 Storey Height: 275cm Stairs Width: 100cm
Field covered by the staircase with platform ; single arm stairs + platform field
If the floor height is higher than 275cm, the staircase with platform is required. The platform width must be equal or greater than the stair width.
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Stairs without a platform, cover almost the same area in all forms. When the steps are rotated, the distance be different from only in the first and last step. Therefore, only plain or spiral staircases should be used for architecturally. The advantage of the examples underlain by is that the first and last step overlap on the floors.
3.CIRCULATION Elevator
Door
80 110 160
Different kinds of doors; It is displayed according to its purpose, opening direction, impact type, frame, door leaf construction, movement and opening type.
140 166
140 166
In buildings, elevators must be placed in the center of the pedestrian circulation. Care must be taken that the waiting area in front of the elevator is not adjacent to the stair steps. Connection of this area to the circulation area must be carefully planned.
90 110 167
Standard Elevator for 8 People
Wall-related door opening
Elevator for Disabled
Cabinet and opening
space
related
door
80 110 160
80 110 160
178 140
80 110 160
Balanced Door
140 178 Arrangement of two doors opening to the same place in a corner
Dual Group Elevator
140 166
Double Direction Door Elevator
Space Saving Gate 80 110 160
80 110 160
Sliding Door
80 110 160
Triple Group Elevator
Special door forms, such as revolving doors and balanced doors, require minimal force to open. However, their accessories are costly and the danger of falling on the side of the belt should be considered. They are useful for corridors, gateways, windbreakers, etc. Sliding and swing doors are not used as emergency doors because they block the escape route in case of danger. The width of the door depends on the intended use and the space to be closed. Maximum pass width - 55cm Maximum pass height - 210cm
Elevator working with rope system
Elevator working with hydraulic system
87
30
120
85
105
25
140
210
150
3.CIRCULATION
50
90 150
90
Minimum dimensions of warning sign for barrier-free detail on glass doors.
Side Pull Folding Door
Center Folding Door (Accordion Door)
It is functional for closing the space with the folding doors for closing the wide openings. Cyclic movements are combined with the slider. Accordion doors are made of plywood, synthetic leather or fabric. Fire Exit
Fire doors, as the name suggests, are the doors that prevent the fire and the fire from reaching the other side of the door. Fire doors are automatically closed.
Automatic Revolving Door
Top Trip and Reciver Plate
Automatic Sliding Door
Automatic doors mechanisms: can work with photocell, electric contact mat, pneumatic contact floor, single direction or reflection light barrier. Automatic sliding doors can be used in shopping centers, management buildings and museums as 6 winged and 8m wide escape gates.
Single Door with Panic Door Fitted
4.2m
2.1m
2.3m
Bottom Floor Mounted Keep Plate
1m
1m
1m
DH+29
.Panic Bar: It allows the door to be opened in the easiest way and in the shortest time during any emergency situation. .Sensual Hinge: Allows them to close automatically. .Smoke Impermeable Fuse: This fuse is used between the gate and the point of joining of the casing to prevent the passage of smoke.
1m 128
100 DH
170
Automatic Sliding Door View and Section Measurements
88
In order to increase the heat resistance of the door, the door materials must be galvanized. The placement of the door to the wall should be complete and the door should be placed at a level that can function very comfortably. Thickness of the fire door should be 60mm. Additional reinforcements should be placed inside the wing. Special thermal insulation material should be used. Use a pin hinge. The sheet iron should be under the panic bar. Installation can be done using welding or dowels. Use a cold air seal. Panic bars must be outside the door. Must have a self-propelled. The corner must be in the frame structure.
3.CIRCULATION Fire Escape
Escalator
The common stairs used in a building are fire escape or escape stairs, which can be used when fire and other emergency situations happened. The fire stairs are integrated with other escape routes. There must be at least 2 fire exits in all buildings. In buildings with more than 500 people, at least 3 and in buildings with more than 1000 people must have at least 4 fire exits.
Yürüyen Merdiven Genişliği
Fire Escape
Fire Exit
Escalators offer uninterrupted help to people. They are designed with an angle of 30 or 35 degrees. The 35 degree staircase takes up less space and is more economical. If the requested height is more than 6 meters, 30 degree stairs should be used. This angle measure offers a handy staircase such as step height 16cm step width 30cm. They have sufficient movement area with carrying loads of 100cm. A depth of more than 250 cm is predicted to prevent deposition at the entrances and exits.
Fire Exit
Security Hall min 6m2
Fire Track Area min 1.5m2
Fire escape doors should be as far away from each other as possible. In a building without sprinkler system, the distance between the fire stairs should not be less than half of the diagonal distance and less than 1 in 3 of the diagonal distance in buildings with sprinkler system. Fire escape and fire stairs should be arranged as an alternative to each other in order to get rid of the fire in the building. Fire stairs should be transported human safely from the entry level to the exit level. The minimum escape from the total escape stairs in a building has to be opened directly outside the building. There are no more than 17 steps in the level of the escape stairs and less than 4 steps. The fire ladder shelf shall not be less than the width of the ladder steps in width and length. The steps of the fire ladders are made of non-slip materials. The height of the steps in escape stairs cannot be more than 17.5 cm.
Step Width
80
100
A
80-82
100 -102
B
132-142
157-162
C
148
168
Capacity
7000-8000 person
800-1000 person
C
A
Escalator Width
Z-type fire ladders are preferred for extreme durability in multi storey and large buildings like malls,museums and hospitals. Z type fire ladders have advanced fire alarm systems, large and solid accents, safe fire exit doors. In buildings with Z-type fire escape staircases, people in all parts of the building can even reach the stairs when they arrive at the basement.
In buildings such as shopping malls, museums, administrative buildings, exhibition centers, speed is not used more than 0.5 m / s.
B
Single Arm Flying Adjacent Escalator
89
Single Lever Escalator
Double Arm Cross Escalator
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Director General of the National Archival Services of Norway,2007 Vitra Schaudepot /The collection of the Vitra Design Museum Building Design Knowledge, Ernst Neufert Healty and Safety Authority Eksel Fire and Security Systems Organizing Exhibitions, Freda Matassa, 2014 Museum Exhibition, Theory and Practice, David Dean, 1996 Warehouse Design, Transport Services, 2011
90