Pull Together Spring 2019

Volume 58, No. 2

Spring 2019 Report

Pull Together

N e w s l e t t er of t h e N ava l Hi s t or i c a l F o un d at i on

Operation Overlord 75th Anniversary!

InsIde:

• D-Day Mess Night • The Director’s Cut: Operation Neptune • Feature Review: Destroyers at Normandy SAVE THE DATE: NHF Annual Meeting June 8, 2019

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HONORING THE LEGACY OF

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In his book, Character: The Ultimate Success Factor, CACI Executive Chairman and Chairman of the Board Dr. J. Phillip (Jack) London uses examples from history and his experiences as a Naval Academy graduate, naval officer and aviator, and national business leader to highlight the key role of good character in personal and professional success.

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Ideas That Inspire. Technologies That Matter. Ever Vigilant. ©CACI 2019 · A437_1902

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Table of Contents 4 5 6 7 8 9

Chairman’s Message

By Adm. William J. Fallon, USN (Ret.)

From the New Executive Director’s Desk

By Rear Adm. Edward “Sonny” Masso, USN (Ret.)

The Director’s Cut: Operation Neptune

By Rear Adm. Samuel J. Cox, USN (Ret.)

D-Day Mess Night and Annual Meeting Announcements Feature Book Review: Destroyers at Normandy

By Rear Adm. Samuel J. Cox, USN (Ret.)

The Naval Historical Foundation

Second Annual Voices of Maritime History Contest

preserves and honors

Foundation

who came before us

11 2018 Annual Report of the Naval Historical 15 The Nuclear Power and National Security Dinner

By Adm. William J. Fallon, USN (Ret.)

16 News from the Deckplate -

NavDocs Update UK Trip / Knox Medal Presentation Updates Battle of Midway Celebration Dinner Adding Naval Heritage to the National Capital Region - NHF’s Oldest Member to Turn 104

20 Two Case Studies: Membership

Philanthropy Making a Difference

22 International Journal of Naval History 23 Blades to Provide Leighton Talk at

the legacy of those while inspiring the generations who will follow. We focus on educating and creating global public interest about the importance of our rich naval history and linking it to today’s challenges and opportunities in the

NHF Annual Meeting

maritime domain.

at Ohio State, Tuskegee and Auburn University

www.navyhistory.org

23 Dunn Awards Presented to Midshipmen COVER PHOTO: “Target of Opportunity” USS Emmons on D-Day, by Dwight C. Sheppler, Courtesy Navy Art

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Pull Together • Spring 2019

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Chairman’s Message ★★ ★ ★

P

lease join me in welcoming our new executive director, Rear Adm. (Ret.) Edward “Sonny” Masso, to the Naval Historical Foundation (NHF). I’ve known Sonny for many years as a person who goes full bore once he makes a commitment.

His enthusiasm is infectious.

If you are in the vicinity of the Washington Navy Yard, please stop by to welcome him aboard or, better yet, join him and fellow members for the upcoming NHF tour to England during the last week of August. Enclosed you’ll find a backgrounder on his longstanding interest in our naval history and heritage.

The past few months have been busy. We cosponsored a sequel to last October’s Nuclear Power symposium with the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) at a salon dinner for about 40 guests. We also administered the second annual Voices of Maritime History Competition for the U.S. Naval Academy (USNA) Superintendent’s Leadership and Vision Award and hosted the actual award dinner at the Navy Museum. I want to recognize several of our board members for their important roles in facilitating these two relevant activities.

First, Mr. Mike Wallace for inspiring us to sponsor the Nuclear Power events and speaking passionately at both, and Dr. Dave Rosenberg for playing a key role in organizing and presenting informative talks at both. Next, I extend sincere appreciation and a “well done” to Marty Bollinger, who spearheaded the review and evaluation of the USNA essays and oral presentations for the second year in a row, and to fellow board members Frank Pandolfe and Dave Rosenberg for helping to choose the award recipients. Special kudos to Dr. Jack London, the man behind the Superintendent’s Award initiative, for his exemplary and enduring generosity to enable

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the success of the program. Keep reading inside for more information about these events.

As noted on the cover, we are commemorating the 75th anniversary of the D-Day landings at Normandy and the liberation of France with our second annual Mess Night, to be held on the evening of June 8 at the Navy Museum. This event last year was a lot of fun and enjoyed rave reviews—you won’t want to miss it! Earlier that day, we will also host the 93rd Annual Meeting of the NHF. We hope to see you at both events and will have a registration portal set up at our www.navyhistory.org website to accommodate you and friends of naval history!

At the annual meeting we will announce this year’s recipients for the Commodore Dudley W. Knox Lifetime Achievement Medal in Naval History and will then honor those individuals at our awards banquet, which will close the biannual McMullen Naval History Symposium at the U.S. Naval Academy on September 20.

In this edition, we also mark the passing of Cdr. Andrew Wilde, USN (Ret.), who, with NHF support, conducted extensive research into the histories of destroyers lost in combat during World War II and then shared the information with the families of crew members who made the ultimate sacrifice. We are grateful to him for remembering NHF in his will with a very generous bequest to enable us to continue the work of the Foundation, and ask all members to remember NHF in their post life planning.

Finally, we wish our longest living member, Mr. Herman Wouk, renowned author of The Caine Mutiny, a happy 104th birthday!

Thank you,

Adm. William J. Fallon, USN (Ret.)

@USNavyHistory

naval-historical-foundation

Naval Historical Foundation

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From the New Executive Director’s Desk

By Rear Adm. Edward “Sonny” Masso, USN (Ret.)

NATIONAL ARCHIVES

A

beltway that they fought in both forms of combat (actual s I write this, I have been and budget) to make our Navy and nation great is an executive director of the important and essential mandate for our naval historical Naval Historical Foundalegacy. We cannot forget the heroes of our past and must tion for just over a month and am stand on their shoulders to understand what it means honored to serve this noble organito devote ourselves with the full measure of service and zation in preserving, promoting, commitment to preserving their memories, heroics, and and making Navy history more accomplishments. Our naval core values of honor, courage, relevant to our naval service and commitment are much more easily understood and general public. I recall as a when historical connections are shared, illuminating and first-class midshipman from the enlightening these attributes, and when the memories and NROTC Unit at the University spirits of those who preserved our republic in the naval of Mississippi returning home to San Clemente, Calif., service are kept alive. for spring break in 1977, mentioning to a dear family The NHF is a phenomenal national treasure led by friend and neighbor that I was chosen to serve in Paul F. a superb chairman, president, and board of directors.

Foster (DD 964) as my first sea assignment. The neighbor Our growing staff is knew and had served stellar, led by Gunny with Admiral Foster Sergeant Harold and most of the Bryant, Events early namesakes of Director Sam Hall, the Spruance class and our staff historian destroyers such as Dr. Dave Winkler.

Kinkaid, Stump, We are assisted by Oldendorf, and other key individothers. I remember uals on a part-time being awed by this or volunteer basis, as a 20-year-old without whom we aspiring blackshoe, wouldn’t be as effecespecially as he tive. I hope that in patiently connected some small way my the dots for me as to contributions as the other ship namesakes executive director who sacrificed their Paul F. Foster (DD 964) Entering San Diego, California measure up to the lives in various harbor on August 3, 1976. high standards set battles by choosing by this leadership “service over self ” team. I thank you all for supporting our foundation and in the most perilous of times. Fast forward to today, and ask that you invite friends to our membership, attend our it is now I who regale young Midshipmen with stories annual meeting on June 8, and reach out to me and our of ship namesakes whom I served with, knew well, or board with your ideas and suggestions to promote naval had met over the years such as Senator John Stennis; history. Lastly, I plan to attend the exclusive NHF tour Admirals Arleigh Burke, Hyman G. Rickover, and Elmo of the ships of the Royal Navy 1509–2019 in the United R. Zumwalt, Jr.; Vice Admirals Sam Gravely and James Kingdom as advertised in the previous edition of Pull Stockdale; Rear Admirals Grace Hopper, Wayne E. Together. Why don’t you consider joining this great event Meyer, and Dick O’Kane; Lt. Gen. Frank Petersen, Jr.; from August 26 to September 1, 2019?

Col. Barney Barnum; and numerous others.

If not in the UK, I look forward to meeting you at a I believe profoundly that ships and aviation squadfuture NHF event—or stop by for a cup of coffee in the rons have souls and personalities and that to honor NHF Mess! these namesakes and the battles inside and outside the Pull Together • Spring 2019

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The Director’s Cut: Operation Neptune confine itself to short bursts of fire. . . . Fire n June 1984, I served aboard the aircraft carrier Dwight power of warships must not be underestiD. Eisenhower as we transited across the Atlantic mated. toward the English Channel because (and this is an After the war, the commander of German forces admittedly junior officer or “JO” perspective) “someone” opposing the landings, much higher up Field Marshal von thought it would be Rundstedt, stated, a great idea to have “Besides the interfera nuclear-powered ence of the Air Forces, aircraft carrier named the fire of your battleafter the Supreme ships was a main factor Allied Commander in in hampering our Europe during World counterattacks. This War II participate in was a big surprise, both the commemoration in its range and effect.” of the 40th anniverThe firepower that sary of the D-Day impressed the Germans landings on the coast was provided by three of Normandy, France.

U.S. battleships (Texas, It turned out we hadn’t Nevada, and Arkansas), actually been invited.

“The Battle for Fox Green Beach” by Dwight C. Sheppler three heavy cruisers, Not only that, we were and 34 destroyers and ordered to remain destroyer escorts (and over-the-horizon even more British Royal Navy and Allied ships), covering from the ceremony; so, much to our annoyance, we never thousands of American and British amphibious ships even saw Normandy. The only thing we did was launch an and craft carrying more than 200,000 Allied troops over E-2C Hawkeye (and a spare) to flight-follow President the course of several days. In some cases, destroyers came Ronald Reagan’s helicopter as it flew from England to within 1,000 yards of the beach as they dueled German France just to make sure there wasn’t a repeat of famous gun positions. The fighting did not end on D-Day. Over big band leader Glenn Miller’s disappearance over the the next days, naval forces continued to shell German English Channel a few months after D-Day. This sorry positions and blunt counterattacks until the ground battle state of affairs led to much JO grousing along the lines of, moved out of range. Protection of the critical logistics “So what, did the Army think they got to France all by flow across the English Channel from air, surface, and sub themselves?” attack (including German human torpedoes) continued Grousing about lack of recognition of the Navy’s critical until the end of the war. contribution to the Normandy invasion has not been What is not well known is that more U.S. Sailors limited to JOs 40 years later. The U.S. Navy’s World War died in a rehearsal for the landings than died during the II historian Rear Adm. Samuel Eliot Morison complained, invasion itself and that more U.S. ships were lost in the “The Army histories scarcely mention naval gunfire after few days after the invasion than on D-Day. On the night D-Day.” So, what did the Germans have to say? of April 27–28, German S-boots (known by the Allies as A German military journal published on June 16, E-Boats) gave a demonstration of what might have been 1944 stated: were it not for Adolph Hitler’s misguided naval policies The fire curtain provided by the guns of the that resulted in only a paltry German naval defense at Navy so far proved to be one of the best trump Normandy. On that night, nine German S-boots attacked cards of the Anglo-United States invasion a convoy of eight fully loaded U.S. LSTs (Landing Ships, armies. It may be that the part played by the Tanks) that were en route to a practice landing, sinking fleet was more decisive than that of the air two and crippling a third with torpedoes, with a loss of forces because its fire was better aimed and unlike the bomber formations it had not to Continued on next page

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COURTESY NAVY ART

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By Rear Adm. Samuel J. Cox, USN (Ret.), Director, Naval History and Heritage Command

Naval Historical Foundation

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Director’s Cut: Operation Neptune Continued from page 6

198 U.S. Sailors. The number of U.S. Soldiers lost in the debacle, known as Operation Tiger, remains under debate but was probably between 650 and 750.

The most significant U.S. Navy loss on D-Day was the destroyer Corry, which was bombarding Utah Beach when she possibly hit a mine and definitely was hit by multiple rounds of German shore battery fire after the plane that was supposed to cover her with a smokescreen was shot down. In the days that followed, the destroyers Meredith and Glennon were sunk by mine and air attack, and the destroyer escort Rich was sunk by mines and shore fire.

Other U.S. Navy losses on D-Day and afterward included a patrol boat, five minesweepers, seven LSTs, one troop transport (all 2,689 aboard saved), nine LCIs (Landing Crafts, Infantry), and 26 LCTs (Landing Crafts, Tank).

Nothing can ever take away from the immense sacrifice made by the U.S. Army on the beaches of Normandy, but the 59,000 U.S. troops who went ashore on June 6, 1944, would not have been there but for the U.S. Navy.

The sacrifice by many U.S. Sailors (including Navy doctors, corpsmen, and combat demolition teams who went ashore in the first waves) saved thousands of Army lives and made a critical difference in the battle that marked the doom of Nazi tyranny in Europe.

(History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Vol. XI, “The Invasion of France and Germany: 1944-1945” by Samuel Eliot Morison, 1957: Little, Brown and Company, Boston; “Exercise in Tragedy: Practice for the D-Day landings” by Craig Symonds, 2/15/2017, World War II Magazine)

June 8 D-Day Mess Night and Annual Meeting

NATIONAL ARCHIVES; NAVAL HISTORICAL FOUNDATION

MESS NIGHT

The Naval Historical Foundation is pleased to announce the continuation of an event initiated in 2018—The Annual NHF Mess Night. Last year the black-tie event honored the legacy of Navy’s fleet admirals. This year, the June 8 dinner in The sampling of the beef! the Navy Museum will focus on the landings at Normandy and the liberation of France. Thus, this year’s dinner will have a much more international theme. Commodore Andrew Betton, the Royal Navy attaché assigned to the British Embassy in Washington, will be among the allied naval leaders who will participate in the program. The welcoming reception will begin at 6 pm.

As detailed in the Spring 2018 edition of Pull Together, the Mess Night traces its origins to Nordic and British military and monastery feasts of the Middle Ages. Nonmilitary attendees at last year’s gathering quickly learned that this would be a different kind of dinner when the beef was paraded

behind a bagpiper and Admiral Fallon tasted a sample and declared it “fit for human consumption!”

The follow-on dinner, levity, comradery, and passing of the port and toasting made for a pleasurable evening. We hope you can join us. A registration portal has been set up at www.navyhistory.org.

ANNUAL MEETING

D-Day will also be the focus of the annual meeting of your Naval Historical Foundation, which convene earlier this year at 11:30 a.m. in the Navy Museum.

The annual David T. Leighton Lecture will address the subject of D-Day. During the annual meeting, announcements will be made regarding selectees to receive the Commo. Dudley W. Knox Medal this September in conjunction with the McMullen Naval History Symposium in Annapolis on September 20 and the NHF Volunteer of the Year Award. As with the Mess Night event, a registration portal has been set up at www.navyhistory.org.

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Feature Book Review

T

he NHF continues to publish our weekly NHBR e-letter as a benefit of membership.

We thank those members who have taken the time to request and review books. Any questions about NHBR can be address to Dr. Dave Winkler at dwinkler@navyhistory.org.

Visit www.navyhistory.org to read the full reviews.

Destroyers at Normandy: Naval Gunfire Support at Omaha Beach

By William B. Kirkland Jr., Naval Historical Foundation, Washington, DC, 1994.

Reviewed by David F. Winkler, Ph.D.

F

or many years the Naval Historical Foundation (NHF) published a naval historical blue booklet series on a broad range of topics including John Paul Jones, the resignation of officers of the U.S. Navy at the outbreak of the Civil War, and even a history of the Main Navy Building once located on Independence Avenue in the nation’s capital. Most of these publications have been digitized and posted on the Navy Department Library’s portal on the Naval History and Heritage Command’s website.

One of the more successful and popular of these blue booklets was Captain Kirkland’s Destroyers at Normandy, published by the NHF a quarter century ago to mark the 50th anniversary of the invasion of Normandy. As then NHF president Adm. James Holloway wrote in the foreword: The landings in Normandy and the defeat of the German army were the Army’s tasks and clearly among its finest hours. Nevertheless, the military victory could not have happened without the naval forces to move the armies across the Channel, to put the troops ashore on the assault beaches, and then to provide the naval gunfire that, with close air support, enabled the assault forces to break out of the beachhead.

Kirkland’s booklet focused on the nine destroyers of Destroyer Squadron 18 as well as three of their British counterparts that arguably played a pivotal role in knocking out German fortifications that had savaged the initial assault waves of American GIs and threatened to doom the whole invasion plan. Drawing on primary 8

sources such as deck logs, war diaries, and accounts from Sailors embarked on the destroyers and soldiers who benefited from the gunfire support, Kirkland’s 84-page monograph has become an outstanding secondary source resource for more recent historians such as Craig Symonds, who used it in his recent Operation Neptune documenting the naval portion of the Normandy invasion.

What jumps out in Destroyers at Normandy is the intimate relationship between the soldiers of the “Big Red One” and 29th Infantry Divisions who had the brutal task of securing a beachhead ashore and the Navy’s “Tin Cans” that steamed right up to the surf line. Kirkland asserts this joint teamwork enabled the Americans to prevail. In his narrative, Kirkland describes three concurrent engagements where, to the west, the assault of Pointe du Hoc by the 2nd and 5th Ranger Battalions received support from the destroyers Satterlee and Thompson. East of those cliffs, Carmick and McCook supported landings by the 115th and 116th Regimental Combat Teams and the 29th Infantry Division. Landings on the eastern beaches of Omaha by the 1st Infantry Division were backed up by the Emmons, Baldwin, Harding, Doyle, and Frankford. As Kirkland wrote: The sequence of all three engagements followed a similar pattern: minesweeping, debarkation from transports, prelanding bombardment, and assault landings in three successive waves. After the assault waves went ashore, the destroyers fired at targets of opportunity to help the infantry break out of the landing beaches. Call fire, directed by fire control parties ashore, led to the final clearing of the landing beaches allowing armor and transport move inland. The progress of each phase of the action was quite different; none followed the prepared script.

By moving so close in, the captains of the individual destroyers exposed their crews to great risks. Indeed, a mine claimed Corry before the first Soldiers were able to hit the beach. Overall, after three days, fighting would cost the Navy two additional destroyers, a destroyer escort, a troopship, and numerous amphibious craft. Army casualties at nearly 3,000 were horrific. As we commemorate the 75th anniversary of Operation Overload, Captain Kirkland’s book is well worth a read to reflect on the service and sacrifice of those who served in the Navy as well as in the Army during this momentous event.

Naval Historical Foundation

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Second Annual Voices of Maritime History Contest

COURTESY HENRY ALFONZO OF CACI

O

interfering with n March the 2018 U.S. 26, 2019, elections. the The secondNaval Historplace prize ical Foundation went to Midn. took pleasure in 2/C Anthony hosting the second Iannacone annual Voices of for his paper/ Maritime History Midshipman Perry providing a spirited defense for his winning essay at the award presentation Competition for dinner hosted by the Naval Historical Foundation at the Navy Museum. titled “Echoes of the SuperintenMahan,” and the dent’s Annual third-place finish Leadership and went to Midn. 1/C G.I. “Ike” Heinemann for his paper/ Vision Award dinner at the National Museum of the presentation titled “Historical Reasoning for Reviving United States Navy. An initiative undertaken in 2017 Light Aircraft Carriers in the U.S.” thanks to the generous support of board member Dr. J. Midshipmen Polly Finch, Erich Eden, Chandalar Phillip London, a 1959 graduate of the Naval Academy, Pensley, and Joe Bevilacqua received honorable mentions the award was designed encourage Midshipmen to use for their submissions. history as a tool to promote new naval perspectives, narraBecause of the success of the first year’s competition, tives, tactic, investments, and the adoption of innovative this year the NHF’s selection committee, chaired by Vice technologies and capabilities.

President Martin J. Bollinger, had even more submisUnlike other competitions, this program seeks to sions to pore over. In his welcoming remarks, Admiral promote two skill sets: the study and interpretation of the Fallon thanked Bollinger and fellow judges that included lessons of naval history as they apply to today’s maritime NHF board members Vice Adm. Frank C. Pandolfe and challenges in a written essay format and the ability to Dr. David A. Rosenberg. Others on the selection panel inspire, advocate, and educate in public venues through included Leidos CEO Roger A. Krone; Director of Naval oral presentations.

History Rear Adm. Samuel J. Cox; OV Loop CEO Will The winner of this year’s competition, Midn. 3/C Graylin; author John F. Wukovits; USNA history professor Anthony Perry, did just that with a spirited defense of his Capt. James C. Rentfrow; University of Wisconsin paper “Quelling Lawless Seas—21st Century Barbary professor Dr. Scott Mobley; and Kathleen Purtill of War: Lessons Learned from 1801 and Application Deloitte Consulting. to Current Cyber War” at the dinner before the Navy For assisting in underwriting the dinner, Admiral Museum gathering. As part of his detailed analysis, Perry Fallon again thanked CACI and VSE Corporation. compared the American efforts to attack and eventually capture Tripoli with recent offensive actions by American cyberwarriors to take down hostile operations aimed at More photos from dinner on next page Pull Together • Spring 2019

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Second Annual Voices of Maritime History Contest

The winner Midshipman Perry (Far left) it joined by fellow Midshipmen Bevilacqua, Finch, Heinemann, Pensley, and Iannacone to join Dr. London and Vice Adm. Carter for this group shot taken in front of a flag that flew in front of Admiral Kimmel’s Headquarters on December 7, 1941 that had been acquired by Dr. London.

Vice Adm. Walter E. “Ted” Carter Jr., the 62nd superintendent of the U.S. Naval Academy, thanked the NHF for its ongoing support for naval historical scholarship in the form of this unique contest.

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Vice Admiral Carter and prize – winner Midshipman Perry during the award presentation ceremony.

COURTESY HENRY ALFONZO OF CACI

Admiral Fallon offering a few words of appreciation to Dr. London for his initiative and support for this growing competition.

Naval Historical Foundation

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NHF 2018 Annual Report Overview

Whether it be our staff historian addressing the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe on the legacy of safety-at-sea measures or our board of directors interjecting themselves into contemporary policy issues such as nuclear security, the Naval Historical Foundation (NHF) continues to demonstrate the value proposition of understanding and appreciating our naval history.

As we review the impact of NHF’s work over the past year, there is much we can take pride in. The historical knowledge provided by our programs has found its way into school classrooms, published award-winning narratives, and even the Oval Office.

With fresh faces having joined our staff and board toward the end of the year, we will continue to build on these initiatives and reach out to new audiences.

Left to Right: Admiral Fallon; Midn. Owen Platt; Father Peter Donahue, President of Villanova University; and Col. Matthew Culbertson, CO VU NROTC Unit at Vice Adm. Robert F. Dunn at the Essay Competition Grand Prize presentation on October 27, 2018. A native of Chicago, Midshipman Platt intends to become a naval aviator.

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Midshipman Menke receiving the Beach Award

Education

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COURTESY CNA

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Hosted the first Voices of Maritime History Competition for the Superintendent’s Annual Leadership Award at the U.S. Naval Academy, culminating in presentation by Midn. 1/C William A. Moore at an award dinner hosted at the Navy Museum on March 26.

Presented Midn. Ryan Menke with the Captain

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Edward Beach Prize for his scholarship as a history major at the U.S. Naval Academy.

Sponsored the Vice Admiral Robert F. Dunn Prize contest, soliciting scholarly history papers from NROTC units located on campuses across the country. Midn. Owen Platt of Villanova University received the NHF Grand Prize ($1,000) for his essay “Theodore Roosevelt: Father of the Modern Navy.”

Awarded a junior and senior Capt. Ken Coskey prize at National History Day to Andrew Karafa of Eastern Middle School in Kentwood, MI for his documentary project, “Temporary Truces: How America’s Handling of Barbary Bullies Molded the U.S. Navy,” and Caroline Mason of West Henderson High School in Henderson, NC, for her paper project, “The Quasi War: The Undeclared Conflict.”

In addition, initiated a “Teachers of Distinction” recognition program to salute those teachers who encouraged their students to research topics with naval history themes for National History Day.

Continued on next page

NHF 2018 Annual Report

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NHF 2018 Annual Report Commemoration with a Purpose

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Hosted Fleet Admiral Leadership Seminar to mark the 75th anniversary of the creation of the five-star rank with historians Thomas Hughes, David Kohnen, David Alan Rosenberg, and Scott Mobley with commentary from Director of Naval History Rear Adm. Sam Cox and Naval Academy Superintendent Vice Adm. Walter E. “Ted” Carter, Jr. Joined with the Center for Strategic and International Studies to note the 70th anniversary of the creation of naval reactors with the Nuclear Energy, Naval Propulsion, and National Security symposium. Opened by CNO Adm. John Richardson, the gathering achieved its objective, sharing insights provided by panels of historians and contemporary experts to get the attention of national leaders as to the precarious status of the current state of the nuclear ecosystem.

Partnered with our fellow service historical foundations to co-host the two-day In Country – Vietnam 1968 symposium at the National Museum of the Marine Corps at Quantico, Va. Joined with the LCS 102 Association to honor the contributions of World War II LCS (Landing Craft, Support) Sailors at a dinner attended by eight former secretaries of the Navy.

Outreach

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Hosted a reception in the Navy Museum for the retired flag officer community that featured a chat by new NHF director Hon. John F. Lehman, Jr., about his recent book Oceans Ventured.

Welcomed the new Undersecretary of the Navy Thomas Modly at a reception that featured comments by another former Navy Undersecretary, the Hon. John W. Warner.

Reviewed—with the help of our

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members—69 naval history books, many written by our members, in our now weekly Naval History Book Reviews.

Supported staff historian attendance at conferences in New Orleans, Washington, St. Louis, Vienna, Stockholm, and London.

Senator John W. Warner

Round table panel chaired by Dr. Rosenberg featuring Vice Admiral Carter, Dr. Kohnen, Dr. Hughes, and Rear Admiral Cox.

Round table panel chaired by Dr. Rosenberg featuring Vice Admiral Carter, Dr. Kohnen, Dr. Hughes, and Rear Admiral Cox.

NHF 2018 Annual Report

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NHF 2018 Annual Report Summary of Financial and Organizational Information 2018 Income 2018 Expenses 2018 Income 73,250

2018 Expenses 2,794

$

2018 Ex

$

$232,798 $247,435

$556,277 Donor Contributions/Member Dues

57,071

$

$132,560 $428,910

$618,541 Program Expenses

2018 Income Events and Rental Income General and Administration Museum Store Gross Profit Fundraising Member Dues: 232,798Contributions (vs. 452,895 inand theMember Dues: 232,798 (vs. 452,895 in the 2018 Expenses 2018 Ex Other Income current pie chart) Program Services: Progra s Profit: 73,250 (this is Museum mislabeled Store as events Gross Profit: in 73,250 (this is mislabeled as events in 428,910 (OK) Management and Generaloral : 132,560 (vs. 152,105 Mana ) current pieFoundation chart) exists because to acknowledge scholarship; documenting Thethe Naval Historical Fundraising: (OK) Fundr history and maintaining memoir collection; and you and your in support.

We pie are most thankful ncome: 247,435of(mislabeled Events and current Rental Income: 247,435 (mislabeled in current the pie57,071 respondingTotal: daily to naval inquiries made byinthose to all our donors and volunteers as you make our 618,541 (vs. 690,937 current pie chart) Total: 6 chart) on active duty and the general public. work possible. We are especially pleased to honor Other: 2,794 (OK) In addition, the NHF supports the Navy and its Ms. Melissa Melvin as the NHF 2018 Volunteer of 76, 376 in the current Total: pie chart) 556, 277 (vs.

776, 376 in the current pie chart)and Heritage Command in myriad Naval History the Year.

Funds were raised through six primary sources: donations, membership dues, project grants, event sponsorships, the museum store, and other revenues such as royalties and museum rentals.

NHF’s biggest expense is program services. This includes producing knowledge content through the dissemination of book reviews and other postings of naval historical interest; publishing the Pull Together quarterly; maintaining four websites to promote the NHF, the Navy Museum, the Navy Museum Store, and the International Journal of Naval History; administering recognition programs

ways, including digitizing the 13-volume series Naval Documents of the American Revolution, providing technical expertise in response to historical inquiries made by senior officials; and serving as a clearinghouse for books, artifacts, and historical papers offered by the general public for donation.

NHF 2018 Annual Report

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NHF 2018 Annual Report Naval Historical Foundation

Directors Emeritus Vice Adm. Robert F. Dunn The Hon. J. William Middendorf Vice Adm. William H. Rowden

Foundation Staff (as of April 30, 2019) Admiral William J. Fallon, USN (Ret.)

Board Members (as of April 30, 2019)

Leadership (No directors are presently serving on active duty.)

Chairman: Adm. William J. Fallon President: Rear Adm. Arthur N. Langston Vice President: Mr. Martin J. Bollinger Other Directors Dr. Katherine Epstein Capt. Maurice Gauthier Rear Adm. Vince Griffith The Hon. Steven S. Honigman Mr. James D. Hornfischer The Hon. John F. Lehman, Jr. Dr. J. Phillip London Rear Adm. Larry R. Marsh Capt. James A. Noone Vice Adm. Frank Pandolfe The Hon. B. J. Penn Dr. Barbara Pilling Dr. David A. Rosenberg Mr. Michael J. Wallace Chairmen Emeritus Adm. Bruce DeMars Adm. James L. Holloway III

Executive Director: Rear Adm. Edward “Sonny” Masso, USN (Ret.) Special Assistant to the Executive Director: Lt. Cdr. Jacqueline Natter Executive Asst./Office Operations: Gunnery Sergeant Harold L. Bryant Staff Historian and Director of Programs: Dr. David F. Winkler Director of Membership: Sean Bland Director of Special Events: Sam Hall Museum Store Clerk: John R. Royal

Holloway Society

The Admiral James L. Holloway Society strongly supports the goals and mission of the Naval Historical Foundation through a pledge of support of at least $100,000 over five years: Mrs. Connie Allard, Jr. Mr. Robert C. (Jr.) & Mrs. Terrye Bellas Mr. Martin J. Bollinger Mr. John K. Castle Adm. Thomas B. Hayward Adm. & Mrs. James L. Holloway III Dr. J. Phillip & Dr. Jennifer London Mr. Corbin A. McNeill Amb. J. William Middendorf Rear Adm. John T. Mitchell Mr. Michael J. & Victoria Wallace

Admiral James L. Holloway III

HOW YOU CAN HELP It is your support that helps us preserve and honor the legacy of those who came before us and educate future generations on the important role our nation’s naval history plays in the maritime domain.

Please consider sustaining us through

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one or more of the following options: • Gifts of Stock • Planned Giving • Sustained Giving • Annual Cash Donations • Workplace Donations • Matching Employee Donations

You can also help us by volunteering.

In the Washington, D.C., region we always need a set of extra hands in the office. We also welcome subject matter experts across the nation to assist with Naval History Book Reviews.

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The Nuclear Power and National Security Dinner

By Adm. William J. Fallon, USN (Ret.)

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n 14 March, the Naval Historical Foundation and the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) co-hosted a sequel to the acclaimed Nuclear Energy, Naval Propulsion, and National Security symposium, which was held in October 2018.

The most recent event was an invitation-only salon dinner for about 40 participants. The objective of the Nuclear Energy for National Security event was to energize the Administration and Congress to revive the declining civil nuclear energy sector.

Attendees included senior administration representatives from the Departments of Energy, State, and Defense, several Congresspersons, Hill staffers, and regulatory agency and industry members.

Welcome and opening remarks were made by Michael J. Wallace on behalf of CSIS and by Admiral Fallon for the NHF. These keynotes outlined the twofold intent of the meeting: (1) bringing attendees up to speed about the history of nuclear energy as it relates to national security and (2) initiating an open discussion about the importance of and potential steps to address the deteriorated condition of nuclear power and the way forward.

Dr. David Rosenberg, naval historian and NHF board member, set the scene with a talk about the Navy and nuclear power and their connection with national security. Dr. Rosenberg highlighted the shared history of commercial nuclear power and the Navy since inception in the post–World War II era. He cited the Navy’s nuclear contributions to national security in both peace and

Congressman Donald Norcross (left) and NEI Vice President John Kotek were among the speakers at the dinner.

wartime in providing ship propulsion and enabling the sea-based strategic deterrent. Dr. Rosenberg reflected on the importance of President Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” initiative in sharing U.S. nuclear technology for peaceful purposes in exchange for nonproliferation guarantees. As a result, U.S. technical assistance was shared worldwide, facilitating mutually beneficial relationships and enabling nuclear development in accordance with U.S. standards and safety guidelines. However, given the recent decline of the U.S. commercial industry, worldwide leadership in nuclear power today is being assumed

by Russia and China.

Mr. John Kotek of the Nuclear Energy Institute provided an informative and detailed overview of the contributions of nuclear power to national security, highlighting the benefits of the nearly 200 U.S. nuclear reactors in operation today, split almost evenly between Navy and civil plants. He cited a 2013 CSIS paper that pointed out the impact of a declining commercial nuclear power industry on national security and the acceleration of that decline due to a number of dynamic factors, including legislated financial credits for renewable energy, the

steep decline in natural gas prices, and a market that does not value the benefits of nuclear energy—particularly for carbon-free baseload power.

Mr. Kotek noted the inability of U.S. commercial entities to compete against state-supported (Russia and China) international projects and the priority that these two countries place on nuclear development offers, resulting in a worldwide network of relationships and dependencies, from which America is excluded. Today, the United States has zero international reactors in development. In contrast, Russia alone has more than a $130 billion book order for plants under construction or in planning.

Congressman Donald Norcross of New Jersey then provided his view of the importance of nuclear power to the nation, New Jersey, and his district in the form of power (the Garden State receives about 50% of its current electrical supply from nuclear generation), high-paying skilled labor jobs, and technical development. He stated his belief that the country and New Jersey need nuclear energy and that a key provision of any proposed “Green New Deal” should include nuclear power.

A panel composed of Mr. Wallace (CSIS, NHF, and Constellation Energy), Hon. William C. Ostendorff (former commissioner of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission), Dr. C.S. Eliot Kang (Deputy Assistant Secretary of State), and Dr. Michael D. Griffin (Undersecretary of Defense for Research and Experimentation) engaged in a wide-ranging (and not for attriContinued on next page 22

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News from the

DECKPLATE

NavDocs Update

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XML (Extensible Markup Language) to make possible a his article had been meant to be celebratory, as the fully searchable digital edition across volumes. planned completion date of the Naval Historical Beginning in December 2017 and continuing into Foundation’s Naval Documents of the American early 2018, Perdue worked with Jennifer Stertzer and Revolution (NDAR) digitization project was March 31, Erica Cavanaugh of the University of Virginia’s Center 2019. Naval documents covering the origins of the Contifor Digital Editing (CDE) to consider the use of their nental Navy up until May 1778, which had been published Drupal-based platform for presentation of the digital in 12 volumes over the span of six decades, were to have edition. This was a change from the original proposal, been ready for scholars to search on-line and download. which recommended use of the open-source platform However, the Naval History and Heritage Command Islandora. The plan had been to use a third-party vendor, then published Volume 13 in March. Another two-inchDiscovery Garden, to build and support the Islandora thick edition, Volume 13 takes the documentary history of system for the NDAR the Navy up until mid-Aucontent. Having worked gust 1778. With unspent in both systems, Perdue contingencies built into the concluded that the CDE budget, the new executive platform was better suited director of the NHF Rear to the content and easier to Admiral Masso made the use going forward. Perdue call, “Let’s do this!” discussed this significant The nearly $100,000 change in the plan with staff 18-month project had at NHF, and all agreed that it been funded by a matching made sense.

National Park Service Over the summer of 2018 Maritime Heritage Grant and into early fall, CDE set administered through up the web-based platform the District of Columbia for NDAR. Erica Cavanaugh Historic Preservation Office Naval Documents of The American Revolution: Volume 13 is the programmer who to the NHF in November built the system, organizing 2017. Mr. Andy Taylor the layout and design of the website. During this period, of Enterprise Holdings Corporation was gracious in Perdue hired programmer Ben Brumfield of Brumfield providing the NHF with the funds to match the federal Labs LLC to help with some of the preliminary work that grant. was required to ingest the documents that were prepared During the first seven months of the project, NHF in XML into the new platform. This included the table subcontractor Susan Perdue of Perdue Digital Services of contents and author, recipient, date, and source infortook the original Adobe Acrobat files for 12 NDAR mation. It also included some formatting fixes such as volumes and converted them for digital publication. rendering titles of documents in regular case instead of This included creating a document inventory (or table of caps and small caps. Perdue Services did some name entity contents) for each one of the more than 22,000 documents, recognition work on the XML files to identify all the ship assigning a unique identifier, cleaning up errors created names and people in the documents. This was an iterafrom the conversion process, and encoding the various tive process. It is often the case when moving so much parts of each document. A major part of the work on this project was the conversion of text from PDF format to Continued on next page 16

Naval Historical Foundation

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UK Trip / Knox Medal Presentation Updates

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AST CALL! The one-week Exclusive NHF Tour: Ships of the Royal Navy 1509-2019 is nearly fully subscribed. Well-known British Naval Historian Brian Lavery, curator emeritus at the National Maritime Museum, is set to lead a delegation of NHF members in coordination with our executive director, Rear Admiral Masso. Beginning on Sunday August 25, the group will spend three days exploring the National Museum of the Royal Navy; assorted museum ships including Mary Rose, Victory, and Warrior; and environs of Portsmouth before heading to London to tour additional historic ships and the National Maritime Museum. A day trip to the historic dockyard at Chatham is also planned. The final day on the schedule is September 1. Costs will be either $2100 per person (double occupancy) or $2500 (single occupancy) exclusive of airfare. For additional information, contact Dr. Winkler at dwinkler@navyhistory.org.

MARK YOUR CALENDAR to attend the U.S. Naval Academy’s McMullen Naval History Symposium scheduled for September 19–20, 2019. At the same hotel hosting the symposium attendees, the NHF will host its Commo. Dudley W. Knox Medal Presentation Dinner to recognize the lifetime achievements of individuals who will be announced at the NHF’s June 8th annual meeting.

Both events will attract many of the top naval history scholars from around the globe. For details on the symposium, visit https://www.usna.edu/History/Symposium. To register to attend the dinner, visit www.navyhistory.org.

NavDocs Update Continued from page 16

content from one format to another that numerous passes are required until one can settle on a final method for the ingest.

The site for the documents will be https://ndarhistory.org and open to the public when all the content has been reviewed. A staff of six people from CDE and Perdue Digital Services are now doing quality control and clean-up in the system. Each document is reviewed to ensure that it is legible, free of typos, and formatted correctly. This is especially important for tables that are difficult to render in an on-line environment and require special care. With the addition of Volume 13, this process will continue through the summer of 2019.

Battle of Midway Celebration Dinner: Highlighting Code-breaking That Led to Victory in Europe and the Pacific

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he Annual Battle of Midway Celebration Dinner, for which the Naval Historical Foundation has been a founding sponsor for the past 17 years, will once again be held at the Army Navy Country Club in Arlington, Va., on the June 4th anniversary of that pivotal Pacific victory.

We are expecting nearly 250 active duty and retired service members, historians, and guests to join Navy leaders and five Midway veterans at a formal dinner marking the 77th anniversary of the battle. The dinner speaker will be journalist and author Ms. Liza Mundy, whose recent book, Code Girls, chronicles the “untold story of the American women code-breakers of World War II.” Thirteen Navy and Marine Corps nonprofit support organizations make this annual tribute possible; dinner details, registration procedures, and sponsor details can be found at the dinner website, www.bomcommemoration.org.

A special feature of this year’s dinner stems from the CNO-announced return of the traditional Navy Union Jack to the fleet on the Midway battle anniversary. Accordingly, a vintage 48-star union jack will be displayed at the dinner and signed by the Midway veterans and Navy leaders in attendance and then presented to a Navy ship to be flown on future battle anniversary dates.

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Adding Naval Heritage to The National Capital Region With the departure of display ship Barry in 2017, the nation’s capital has been without an afloat warship to represent the U.S. Navy to the public. That void will be filled with the arrival of Providence at Alexandria, Va., in time for the nation’s 243rd birthday. A reproduction vessel built more than 40 years ago to take part in the American bicentennial celebrations of 1976, the Providence was heavily damaged in a storm in 2015 but will soon finish two years of restoration work at Wiscasset, Maine. Master shipwright Leon Poindexter has led the work to restore Providence to her Revolutionary-era appearance.

After several port calls along the East Coast, Providence will

become the centerpiece of a new maritime heritage pier at the foot of Old Town Alexandria’s King Street.

The original Providence was the first ship authorized to serve in the Continental Navy, the first American command of John Paul Jones, and the ship that landed the Marines in their first amphibious landing on March 2, 1776, at New Providence in the Bahamas. In addition to serving as a visitor attraction and museum ship, Providence will host weekly themed cruises and be available for private charters. For more information, visit www.tallshipprovidence.org.

NHF’s Oldest Member to Turn 104

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orn on May 27, 1915, Herman Wouk is approaching his 104th birthday, and the NHF wishes him well on this milestone. A master of historical fiction, he is especially known for The Caine Mutiny (1951), which earned him a Pulitzer prize and was made into a memorable film starring Humphrey Bogart. Two other notable works of naval historical fiction include The Winds of War and War and Remembrance, which told the story of World War II through the fictional character of Captain Victor “Pug” Henry and his family. Robert Mitchum played “Pug” for the two television mini-series adaptations that were aired in the 1980s.

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Wouk was 26 when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, and he subsequently joined the Navy, having earned a commission. He served in the destroyer minesweepers Zane and Southard, two Clemson-class destroyers laid down in the wake of the First World War that were converted to provide minesweeping support for amphibious forces during various Pacific operations.

Needless to say, his experiences on those ships provided background material for The Caine Mutiny.

The three works mentioned are a naval sampling of a prolific literary career and bespeak the power of fiction as an effective tool to teach history. Happy birthday, Mr. Wouk!

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Looking for a Unique Venue for Your Next Special Event?

The National Museum of the United States Navy and Cold War Gallery are available for rent! There are corporate, non-profit, and military rates.

Book Your Event Today!

For information and museum rental rates, contact the Manager of Special Events at (202) 930-5245 or by email at eventrental@navyhistory.org

**Special Offer for NHF Members** Extended for a limited time: Book your event by December 31, 2018 and receive 20% off rental fee

Naval Historical Foundation

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Two Case Studies: Membership Philanthropy Making a Difference

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he Naval Historical Foundation is pleased to highlight recent philanthropic gestures by two of its members to support the mission of preserving and promoting our naval heritage. The first case salutes a member who left the foundation a very generous legacy bequest to enable the NHF to continue to provide the type of support he had received during his own personal research on destroyer histories. The second case recognizes a member who made a generous annual commitment to sustain a project that NHF has supported in past decades—the preservation of the birthplace of John Paul Jones. loved ones. Over the years, he produced monographs on 32 ships lost during World War II. At the time of his research, the Ship’s A life member of History Branch the NHF, Cdr. E. of the then Naval Andrew Wilde, Historical Center Jr., of Needham, was located right Mass., passed away across the hall from on Aug 11, 2018, the NHF. Robert at the age of 90.

Cressman, who A native of Glen still writes ship Rock, N.J., Wilde history narratives earned a BA from A starboard bow view of the USS Douglas H. Fox (DD-779) shows her for the Dictionary Dartmouth College following the FRAM II conversion. Note the enhanced communications and of American Naval after receiving his radar antennae, and the DASH hangar and flight deck aft.

Fighting Ships, commission in recalled, “I know he was very proud of his monographs and 1950 through Dartmouth’s NROTC program. He served spoke of the work he had done to gather the material. He in Douglas H. Fox (DD 779), a destroyer deployed to the performed a real service in what he did.”

Western Pacific during the Korean War. While operating During his frequent trips to Washington, the NHF in the Sea of Japan, the destroyer dueled with several served as Wilde’s home away from home, as he worked North Korean shore batteries during his deployment. After with NHF’s then resident Middendorf Chair of Naval leaving active duty, Wilde remained in the Naval Reserve History John Reilly. “John had worked in the archives for and earned an MA from Amos Tuck School of Business several decades and really helped Wilde,” recalled staff Administration. Retiring in 1978 from the Raytheon historian Dave Winkler. “Wilde also was able to discover Corporation, where he had worked as a marketing analyst, pictures of ships that were not in the Navy’s collection, he devoted much of his remaining life to his true passion, and we facilitated their accession.” Two of Wilde’s photos researching destroyers lost during World War II. were used in the NHF coffee table book The Navy, which One of the prime motivations for his many trips to the was published in 2000. In appreciation of the support he Naval Archives in Washington, D.C., to do research with received from the NHF, Wilde left the foundation a very pencil and paper (which he brought with him) was that generous bequest. “it wasn’t right” that many families knew only that their The NHF joins with his family, and the families of all husbands or fathers died when their ships were lost at sea. he has helped, in remembering Commander Wilde’s fine Wilde had a strong desire to honor those men and ensure work, and we salute his legacy of commitment to our naval that their names were not lost to history. His contacts heritage. with survivors of men who “went down with their ships” brought information and solace to many families and 20

NAVAL HISTORY AND HERITAGE COMMAND

A Former Life Member’s Naval Heritage Legacy

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A Current Member’s Preservation of a Legacy

JPJ MUSEUM

An NHF member residing in California, Cdr. Jim Poole, USN (Ret.), is providing an annual donation to help keep open the doors of what is most likely the longest continually operating naval museum supporting a narrative of the U.S. Navy. But the museum dedicated to the memory of American Revolutionary naval war hero John Paul Jones is located not on U.S. soil, but at Jones’ boyhood home in Dumfries, Scotland. The fifth and youngest child of the grounds keeper for the local estate, John Paul Jones left home at age 13, having signed on as a cabin boy on a British merchantman.

In 1831, an American Sailor, Lieutenant A. B. Pinkham, spent two weeks on leave in Dumfries, working to repair the by-then-abandoned cottage that had once served as the childhood home of John Paul Jones. Pinkham left behind some funds for maintenance of the cottage, as well as an increased appreciation by the local folks for the historical significance of this little house. Since 1831, the villagers of Dumfries have maintained the 18th-century structure through local funding support and the generosity of visitors, many of whom traveled across the Atlantic from the former American colonies of Great Britain.

With assistance from and thanks to the late Adm. Jerauld Wright, who commanded U.S. Naval Forces in Europe during the 1950s, the NHF has helped to publicize the existence of the museum and provide a conduit for funding. In recent years the NHF has worked to preserve Jones’ legacy by supporting such projects as the digitization of the Naval Documents of the American Revolution.

Meanwhile, over in Scotland, the John Paul Jones Cottage Museum was depending on an annual appropriation from the local council to keep the museum open. Earlier this

year, due to budget cuts, the local council advised that it could no longer support the museum.

John Paul Jones was a childhood hero to Jim Poole and inspired his career in the Navy. Such was his interest in the man many have called the “Father of the U.S. Navy” that Jim chose the birthplace cottage as the site of his recent wedding on September 1, 2018.

Discussing the history and plight of the museum with the NHF, Poole observed, “Yes, I am very fortunate that I am able to keep afloat my hero’s museum but there is so much more potential and good that could result if other people could give only $1 a year. The museum is sacred ground for the United States and Scotland. It must not be allowed to disappear!!”

Poole noted that the museum annually hosts hundreds of schoolkids, provides training opportunities for Sea Cadets, and serves as an international reference site for scholars, researchers, and those interested in learning about the life of John Paul Jones. While his annual donation will keep the doors open, Poole discussed the museum’s immediate needs, to include a better on-line presence through a revamped website. Over the longer term, Poole envisions the museum serving as a key source of information regarding John Paul Jones and providing that information to scholars, researchers, and others who might be interested. In his view, it could be used to host learning workshops for schoolchildren; serve as a foundation to establish partnerships for information exchange (e.g., U.S. Naval Academy; The Beacon Museum in Whitehaven, England; Museum of the American Revolution in Philadelphia). He would also like to expand the visitor experience at the museum to include more video and user-friendly technology.

The NHF thanks Commander Poole for his generosity and invites members to find out more about John Paul Jones or to support preservation by visiting the museum, either in person or on-line at www.jpj.demon.co.uk.

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International Journal of Naval History Vol 14, Issue 2 Visit www.ijnhonline.org for the latest edition of the NHF – supported journal dedicated to publishing peer-reviewed scholarship on global naval history-related topics.

Articles: The U.S. Navy and the Conquest of the Pacific by Lt. Cdr. Charles H. Stockton

By Kenneth Wenzer, Ph.D. Dr. Wenzer provides an overview of Lt. Cdr. Charles H. Stockton’s strategic vision for American presence around the Pacific and support for an isthmian canal in the Caribbean during the nineteenth-century. The piece addresses Stockton proposals to handle threats from other nations that he presented through a series of lectures at the Naval War College. Wenzer concludes by noting how Stockton influenced Capt. Alfred Thayer Mahan, arguing that Mahan may have adopted some of Stockton’s original ideas.

The Oyster Wars of Chesapeake Bay: How Regulatory Compromise Created Conflict

By Zoe Friedman A National History Day essay offers an example of how in the legal efforts to maintain and protect limited resources, specifically oysters, escalated the tensions between oyster men adding fuel to the fire and not subduing it thereby creating a conflict that lasted close to 100 years.

Old Salts in the New Steel Navy

By Roy T. Greim Using four stories of older sailors from the pre-steel naval era, Greim explains how these older sailors fit into the context of the evolution into the new steel Navy and developing roles, responsibilities and technologies.

Presidential Crisis Decision Making following the Sinking of the Panay

By Douglas Peifer, Ph.D Dr Peifer summarizes the events and mindset of Americans and political leaders leading up to the sinking of the Panay by the Japanese; and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response to the event, tying together foreign policy, naval diplomacy, and crisis decision making to prevent a war with Japan prior to Pearl Harbor.

Inside the Archives: U.S. Naval History at the Smithsonian Institute

By Lesley Parilla A Smithsonian archivist recounts various instances when Smithsonian Institute archivists accompanied the U.S. Navy on expeditions to study science.

Nuclear Power Continued from page 15

bution) discussion about the current situation and what could be done. In summary, there was agreement on the current deteriorated condition of the nuclear power industry and linkage to national security and a clear need for action. Several interesting steps were proposed for consideration.

Following the panel, an open discussion was initiated by Congresswoman Elaine Luria of Virginia, who cited the importance of nuclear energy and mentioned a wide range of fora in which she has been participating where this topic is now being discussed. She also noted the aspirational “New Green Deal” proposal and opined 22

that any plans for a clean energy program should include nuclear energy. Many other participants then provided their views and opinions, with a common call for action and leadership to improve the civil nuclear power state of affairs.

The session was concluded with remarks by retired Senator John Warner, who applauded the attendees for working together in an area that he considers so important to all humanity. He emphasized that the answer lies first and foremost in good, strong leadership, as exemplified by the late Adm. Hyman G. Rickover. In the words of Senator Warner, “we need a new Rickover today.”

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Blades to Provide Leighton Talk at Annual Meeting

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r. Brooke S. Blades will provide the annual Commander David T. Leighton lecture at the annual meeting of the Naval Historical Foundation scheduled for 11:30 a.m. at the National Museum of the U.S. Navy. Blades will discuss and show naval imagery from his recent book The Americans on D-Day and in Normandy: Photographs from Wartime Archives. Having conducted extensive research at the National Archives and other military repositories, Blades offers new perspectives on the liberation of France through the lenses of the photographers who were on duty that day.

Brooke Blades received an MA in American Civilization from the University of Pennsylvania and a doctorate in Anthropology from New York University.

He has undertaken archaeological or historical research

in the eastern United States and various locations in western Europe including England, France and Northern Ireland. Research relating to the Second World War focused on events and sites in France, Belgium, Holland and Luxembourg. An interest in Normandy expanded beyond initial examinations of the landscape of Omaha Beach, culminating in The Americans on D-Day and in Normandy published by Pen and Sword Ltd in 2019. He led a tour to Normandy on behalf of the Army Heritage Center Foundation in 2017.

The Leighton lecture recognizes the contributions of Commander David T. Leighton who made significant contributions to the Navy’s nuclear propulsion program and later became an avid supporter of the Naval Historical Foundation and the Cold War Gallery.

Dunn Awards Presented to Midshipmen at Ohio State, Tuskegee, and Auburn

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ost members of the Naval Historical Foundation are familiar with the annual Vice Admiral Robert F. Dunn Essay Contest where NROTC units submit their best student essays that are typically written for the “Introduction to Sea Power” courses taught to freshmen. However, NROTC units can also present Vice Admiral Dunn recognition certificates to midshipman who have demonstrated academic excellence through other means during the Spring semester. This Spring three units have requested and have made presentations. In addition to the certificate, the awardee receives a year’s membership with the NHF. At an awards presentation held on April 12, Midshipmen Christopher Glowacki at Ohio State stepped forward to receive his certificate from Captain

Brett Coffey.

Two weeks later, down in Alabama, Midshipmen Jonathan Dixon at Tuskegee University and James Hickman at Auburn received the award in recognition for their exception performance in Seapower and Maritime History classes. Those awards were presented on April 23 and April 24 by Captain Willie Billingslea.

June 30 is the deadline for the NROTC Essay competition. The University of Kansas has fired the opening volley, submitting a paper titled “The Naval Contributions of Abel P. Upshur” from one of their fourth class Midshipmen. We look forward to additional submissions in the coming month and will announce the winners before Labor Day. Pull Together • Spring 2019

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Naval Historical Foundation at the Washington Navy Yard P.O. Box 15304 Washington, DC 20003

NONPROFIT U.S. POSTAGE PAID TIMONIUM, MD PERMIT NO. 147

The Naval Historical Foundation Preserves and Honors the Legacy of Those Who Came Before Us, and Educates and Inspires the Generations Who Will Follow Membership in NHF is open to all who are interested in the history and heritage of the U.S. Navy.

Membership dues: Student (Free): High School, or USNA/ ROTC, Midn./Cadets. Must use @.edu email to register.

Digital [e-] Membership ($25): One year 5% discount on Navy Museum Store & on-line purchases.

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Weekly History Matters email featuring book reviews Subscription to NHF publication: Pull Together.

Family ($75): Individual benefits for 2 adults & children Supporter ($250): Individual 1-year benefits plus: Invitations to private symposium & seminars.

15 % discounts on Navy photograph & art collection reproductions & Navy Museum Store & on-line purchases.

Life ($1,000): Supporter Membership benefits plus: Invitations to private NHF & Navy Museum events.

20% discount on Navy Museum Store & on-line purchases.

Pull Together is published by the Naval Historical Foundation.

EDITORIAL BOARD Chairman: Adm. William J. “Fox” Fallon, USN (Ret.) President: Rear Adm. A. N. “Bud” Langston, III, USN (Ret.) Executive Director: Rear Adm. Edward “Sonny” Masso, USN (Ret.) Historian / Editor: Dr. David Winkler Designer: Marlece Lusk Copy Editor: Catherine S. Malo

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Member Contact Information __________________________________________________________ Name (& Call Sign)

_________________________________________________________________ Title (Rate/Rank) _________________________________________________________________ Address (Duty Station) _________________________________________________________________ City _________________________________________________________________ State ZIP _________________________________________________________________ Phone _________________________________________________________________ Email NHF is funded by the amazing gratitude of our members and donors!

Membership & Donation checks can be mailed to:

Naval Historical Foundation, P.O. Box 15304, Washington DC, 20003 If you desire to become a member or donate via credit card, visit us on-line at www.navyhistory.org.

The Naval Historical Foundation is an IRS-approved 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. incorporated in Washington D.C. with a mission to preserve & promote naval history.

Address submissions and correspondence to Executive Editor, Pull Together, c/o NHF, P.O. Box 15304, Washington, DC 20003. Phone: (202) 678-4333.

E-mail: info@navyhistory.org. Subscription is a benefit of membership in the Naval Historical Foundation. Advertisement inquiries for future issues and digital content are welcomed. Opinions expressed in Pull Together are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Naval Historical Foundation. © 2019

Naval Historical Foundation

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