2 Social Learning Theory

Social learning theory suggests that violent behaviour is learned through observation and reinforcement Children who witness DFV are more likely to perpetrate or experience violence in adulthood. This intergenerational transmission highlights the importance of early intervention programs and trauma-informed care

Key tenets:

● Behaviour is influenced by observation and imitation

● Rewards and consequences shape violent responses.

● Exposure to violence normalises abusive behaviour.

This theory underscores the importance of breaking the cycle of violence through community education and early childhood support services.

3. Ecological Framework

The ecological model recognises that DFV is shaped by factors at multiple levels: individual, relational, community, and societal This approach supports comprehensive prevention strategies and encourages cross-sector collaboration among health, education, justice, and welfare systems

The model identifies:

● Personal history and psychological characteristics

● Family relationships and dynamics.

● Societal influences like poverty, discrimination, and access to services

Australia's public health response to DFV increasingly aligns with this multi-layered perspective

4. Intersectionality

Intersectionality expands traditional theories by examining how race, class, disability, sexuality, and immigration status intersect with gender to influence DFV experiences. For example, Indigenous women in Australia are disproportionately affected by DFV due to colonial legacies, systemic racism, and social exclusion

Key insights:

● Marginalised populations face unique barriers to support

● Policy must be culturally sensitive and inclusive

● Responses must consider structural inequalities.

Intersectional thinking informs the work of organisations like Our Watch and the Aboriginal Family Legal Services

Australian Legal and Policy Perspectives

Domestic and family violence is addressed through a combination of federal and state laws. Key legislation includes:

● Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) – Provides mechanisms for protecting victims, especially in parenting disputes.

● Domestic Violence Orders (DVOs) – Issued under state legislation, such as Queensland's Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012

● Criminal Codes – Address physical assault, coercive control, and breaches of protection orders

Recent legal reforms focus on:

● Recognising coercive control as a form of abuse

● Enhancing victim support services

● Integrating law enforcement with social services.

Students seeking law assignment help on DFV topics must understand both the jurisdictional differences and the evolving legal definitions of abuse in Australia

Critical Evaluation of Theories in Practice

While each theory provides valuable insights, no single perspective captures the full complexity of domestic and family violence For instance:

● Feminist theory excels in explaining gendered violence but may underrepresent non-binary and LGBTQ+ experiences.

● Social learning theory highlights behavioural patterns but lacks attention to structural causes.

● The ecological model promotes holistic responses but can be difficult to operationalise.

● Intersectionality ensures inclusivity but requires deep contextual understanding and specialised services.

In practice, integrated models that draw on multiple theories offer the most effective framework for understanding and responding to DFV

Implications for Practice and Policy

● Trauma-informed approaches must be adopted across all sectors dealing with DFV

● Cultural competency training is essential for professionals working with Indigenous and migrant communities.

● Policy frameworks should be flexible, evidence-based, and informed by lived experiences.

● Prevention efforts must target societal attitudes, economic inequality, and access to resources.

Conclusion

Domestic and family violence remains a pressing issue in Australia, requiring an informed, theoretical, and legal approach. Feminist, ecological, social learning, and intersectional perspectives each contribute to a richer understanding of the problem Australian legal frameworks are evolving to address the multifaceted nature of DFV. By integrating these theories into practice, policymakers and practitioners can create more effective, inclusive, and compassionate responses to domestic and family violence

References