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THE DWELLING OF TOMORROW A COLLECTIVE LIVING EXPERIMENT DESIGNED FOR THE FAMILIES OF THE FUTURE

BY: NATHAN B. FLORES

The Dwelling of Tomorrow: A collective living experiment designed for the families of the future In today’s world of “accelerating urbanisation”, “shifting demographic range”, and “technological breakthroughs” , the single use zoning individuals and families once inhabited will not be able to endure the expected changes of the impending future. The current typologies of contemporary living need to be re-evaluated using the new alternatives of mobility, effectiveness, and sustainability. A differentiated chronological study of both built and conceptualized human dwellings of the past, in addition to a parallel investigation of envisioned futuristic families as shown in popular culture, has unearthed a pattern of incomplete and underdeveloped living spaces which fail to satisfy the collective needs. This exploration has lead to reimagining the living space for the future. The ideal dwelling of tomorrow would be a contemporary dwelling prototype which utilizes a hybrid building model that blends popular consumer brand concepts with shared spacial resources and serves as a catalyst of urban mobility. This innovative co-living platform would provide a new type of luxury with limited economic burden and increased familial connectivity through synthesized technology and purposeful design. Historical precedents of both built and unbuilt works suggest paradigm shifts between the cultural advantages of the urban core , and the private home and garden space identity associated with suburbia . As the pendulum swings towards the high density of the urban core their will be a need for a collective solution that satisfies individual needs and wants while benefiting the community and being an agent for power and innovation.

CH: 1 ABSTRACT P. 3-72

THE PROBLEM

Exploring environmentally-friendly bioplastics Photo by Rasmus Himmelstrup

WE KNOW THAT THE ONLY THING THAT IS CONSTANT IS CHANGE

AND THAT THE WORLD AROUND US IS CHANGING FAST CH:2 PROBLEM P. 7-72

ACCELERATING URBANISATION

BY 2050 70% OF THE WORLDS POPULATION ARE EXPECTED TO LIVE IN CITIES IN 1950 THE NUMBER WAS 30% (UN 2014)

Most of us were born into a world of countries, but by the time we leave this planet, it will basically be a world comprising 600 rather powerful cities. The rapid urbanisation of recent decades is just the beginning of an ever-steeper growth curve. By 2050, the proportion of people living in urban areas will have surged to 70 percent. Over the next 40 years, the volume of urban construction for housing, work spaces and infrastructure could roughly equal the entire volume of such construction to date.

Peopleâ€™s Park Complex in Singapore Photo by Danist Say Peng

Our urban environments already have a serious impact on our mental and physical health, so what happens when our cities become even more crowded?

CH:2 PROBLEM P. 8-72

DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFTS 41% OF INDIA'S POPULATION IS BELOW THE AGE OF 20. (CENSUS 2016)

In the decade to come, we will see explosive population growth in some countries and decline in others. In the developed world, we will see an ageing population and slow population growth. Other societies are young and fast-growing, which will have far-reaching impacts that include new, larger consumer markets, growing pressure on the supply of critical resources, and sweeping changes in peopleâ€™s personal and social goals and aspirations. More people will need to be fed, housed, educated and employed for their productive potential to be realised.

Crossing in Shibuya, Tokyo Photo by Daryan Shamkhali

CH:2 PROBLEM P. 9-72

TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGHS THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY CONNECTED TO THE INTERNET WILL SOON BE CLOSE TO 100% (SCIENTIFIC AMERICA, CIFS 2015)

The pace of technological change is increasing exponentially. The perpetual ÅV^ VM PKLHZ HUK PUUV]H[PVUZ JYLH[LZ L]LY more powerful enabling technologies, where potential user scenarios are limited only by the human imagination. Every hour of every day, breakthroughs in frontiers of research and development, YHUNPUN MYVT HY[PÄJPHS PU[LSSPNLUJL HUK IPN data to automation and new, digitally enabled business models, are transforming our world.

Data center outside London Photo by Sérgio Rola

Technological breakthroughs are constantly and ZPNUPÄJHU[S` PTWHJ[PUN [OL ZPaL HUK ZOHWL VM [OL world’s manufacturing and high-tech sectors, and are also creating completely new industries, JVUZ[HU[S` VɈLYPUN UL^ VWWVY[\UP[PLZ MVY companies as well as individuals.

CH:2 PROBLEM P. 10-72

FRAGMENTATION AND ISOLATION Virilio (1997) states that today’s families are experiencing individualism as an effect of technological evolution. “The more a city expands and spreads … the more the family unit dwindles and becomes a minority” (page 377, Rethinking Technology). Mitchell (2002) writes that it is a common observation to see individuals with a superfluous combination of electronic devices - this technology has a dramatic influence of our daily lives.

CH:2 PROBLEM P. 11-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 14-72

1957 - PLASTIC HOUSE

1961 - CHEMOSPHERE RESIDENCE

The people at Disney bought into a very unique collaboration with the Monsanto Plastic Company – together they created the House of the Future, also known as the Monsanto House. The home was a part of Tomorrowland. It offered visitors the opportunity to preview their future in 1986 … a time when nearly everything in life would have a lot more buttons, and just about everything would be made of plastic.

The building stands on the San Fernando Valley side of the Hollywood Hills, just off of Mulholland Drive. It is a one story octagon with around 200m2 of living space. Most distinctively, the house is perched atop a concrete pole nearly ten meters high. This innovative design was Lautner’s solution to a site that, with a slope of 45 degrees, was thought to be practically unbuildable. The house is reached by a funicular.

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

1968 - FG 2000

1979 - USBORNE : HOME OF THE FUTURE

Wolfgang Feierbachâ€™s 1970s fiberglass house was made to be practical. While not the first fiberglass house, the intent of this prefabricated composite dwelling was to be used daily by the habitants, not as a showpiece of future lifestyles. Made of 13 strong roof elements each with a free span of 10 meters, and 26 wall elements, 6 with rectangular windows and 20 elements in full surface, the pieces were fabricated off site and assembled over the steel reinforced structure that was to be itâ€™s foundation

The Usborne Book of the Future (on Robots, Future Cities, and Space Travel) begins, after a brief look at these subjects (tool-use, cities, and transport) in history.

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 15-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

1980â€™S - XANADU HOUSE

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 16-72

Xanadu Houses were a series of experimental homes built to showcase examples of computers and automation in the home in the United States. The architectural project began in 1979, and during the early 1980s three houses were built in different parts of the US: one each in Kissimmee, Florida; Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin; and Gatlinburg, Tennessee. The houses included novel construction and design techniques, and became popular tourist attractions during the 1980s.

1997 - XANADU 2.0 a mansion owned by Bill Gates â€“ Cofounder of Microsoft. The 66,000-square-foot (6,100 m2) mansion is noted for its design and the technology, home automation & passive design strategies it incorporates. The technology is at times subtle, but always present. As you move about the house, your choice of art appears on highdefinition television monitors. Music, lighting, and climate settings all tag along, too. A small pin you wear lets the system know who and where you are. You can go to a computer terminal to pick out a movie or television program. It will follow you to the nearest screen.

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

2001 - DOME HOME

2002 - SOLAR DECATHLON BASE + Concept

The Dome of a Home is an incredible monument of dome design and construction. Located on Pensacola Beach, Florida, this 6,000 sq ft of indoor and outdoor living space provides spectacular views of the Gulf of Mexico and Santa Rosa Sound. Built by Mark and Valerie Sigler, this amazing home features advanced construction and design techniques to help defend against the forces of nature while providing state of the art amenities.

BASE + CONCEPT focuses on being able to easily adapt the building to any building site. According to the CU team, BASE+, which stands for Building A Sustainable Environment, is an adaptable construction methodology for repeatable, site-specific housing that showcases renewable energy systems and environmentally sound building products. There are three components in the BASE+ system: the basic, spec, and core modules. By combining these modules in different ways, consumers and builders can accommodate varying budgets, climates, and building sites without sacrificing visual appeal.

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 17-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

2004 - MDU (Mobile Dwelling Unit)

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 18-72

One shipping container is transformed into a Mobile Dwelling Unit. Cuts in the metal walls of the container generate extruded subvolumes, each encapsulating one living, working or storage function. When traveling, these sub-volumes are pushed in, filling the entire container. The MDU was originally conceived for individuals constantly moving around the globe. The MDU travels with its dweller to the next long term destination, fitted with all live/work equipment and filled with the dwellerâ€™s belongings. However, it is easily configured for permanent residency.

2006 - Living Tomorrow Living Tomorrow provides a hub for innovative enterprises where visitors can experience products and services that could vastly improve the quality of our future life, home and workplace Living Tomorrow keeps your customers informed about your latest products and services that are available today while offering them a glimpse of future possibilities. The company aims to provide clients with a unique combination of marketing and innovation.

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

2007 - PHANTOM HOUSE

2009 - Dupli Casa

The project proposes a green architecture that satisfies our quest for the good life while compensating for it. this single–family house sits on an elevated 2–acre lot overlooking a rapidly growing city in the southwest. It is a living, thinking organism; a sophisticated desert dweller that dynamically adapts to its harsh and variable environment. The house comprises twin domiciles, an indoor conditioned house that hovers above its outdoor counterpart. Function–for–function, Redundancy is introduced as a new form of efficiency. The doubling of domestic functions allows for use and location to be determined according to climatic conditions, thus reducing the need for 24/7 climate control. The project assumes a “soft ownership” in which the home is connected to larger economic and ecological systems in a production– consumption cycle.

a futuristic vision of sophisticated spatial luxury. The sculptured residence is structured like a sinuous silhouette that flows as if it were a void of continuous spaces melding into the landscape. It has been architected as a perfect example of unity with the fluidity of connection between interior and exterior realms. Taken from a certain perspective, the structure appears to be opposite to that of the outer edge and spills into the lawn while flowing upwards to the roofline. The meticulous comb-like landscaping and introverted lodges blend with the skin of the building accentuating the design while aptly blurring the lines between luxury and geometry.

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 19-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

2011 - CORNING A DAY MADE OF GLASS

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 20-72

If you were one of the more than 23 million people to tune in to the videos about glass innovations, you undoubtedly noticed the highly visual nature of the world they depict. That’s a trend well underway. As displays become more integrated into our daily lives, consumers are demanding sharper pictures, more vivid colors, and faster refresh rates. That comes from smaller, more densely-packed transistors — which places tough demands on display glass. Corning is leveraging its proprietary fusion process and formulation expertise in glass innovations to produce glass that is exceptionally smooth, dimensionally stable, and capable of handling the extremely high processing temperatures necessary to bring next-generation displays to life.

2014 - PLUS-ENERGY HOUSE WITH ELECTROMOBILITY The project not only illustrates the feasibility of building future single-family homes which generate a significant surplus of energy – enough to power the electric vehicles of their occupants – but also demonstrates how future buildings can be designed and built to allow for complete disassembly and recycling at the end of their life cycle. The holistic planning approach employed by the interdisciplinary design team takes the scope of “sustainable design” to a new level, incorporating energy and material concepts which surpass the standards set by previous milestone projects such as the SolarDecathlon competition.

HOME OF THE FUTURE: SINGLE DWELLING

2016 - MOVABLE The house is a functional response to the clientâ€™s desire to be able to change the site of his home every couple of years. Therefore he required a structure that was affordable and easy to build, disassemble and eventually relocate. The house consists of a 10x10m square concrete floor slab made up of five equal elements, whose maximum dimensions per component do not exceed the dimensions of 12m x 2.55m x 4m so that they can be transported by truck. The exterior curtain envelope is completely glazed, creating a permeability towards the constantly changing landscape beyond. The house is conceived as a complete self-sufficient structure that runs on renewable energy.

2018 - 3D PRINTED HOUSE You can 3D print just about anything these days and now you can add a house to the list. The first of its kind, the Icon 3D-Printed House was spawned from the desire to provide shelter for the 1 billion people on the planet that donâ€™t have a place to call home. A collaboration with the non-profit New Story, the structures will be printed on a mobile printer called the Vulcan. It not only has the ability to produce an 800 square foot home but can do so in less than 24 hours and for a fraction of the cost of traditional construction. While the main goal is to help solve the global housing crisis, they also plan to use local labor, creating jobs in the process.

CH:3.1 ANALYSIS P. 21-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

1954 - TORRE VELASCA

CH:3.2 ANALYSIS P. 24-72

This project for a mixed-use tower block came to rebuild an urban space destroyed by the 1943 bombing of milan. The town planning regulations of the time foresaw a low-rise building, occupying the whole plot and dedicated to offices. The Architect decided to assign part of the plot as public space, add a small volume with the access and shops and build 28 levels :. On level 18 the shared services for the dwellings and above level 19, coinciding with the start of the wider volumes, the levels have a greater surface area, and some units are two floor dwellings.

1964 - MARINA CITY COMPLEX A city within the city was the slogan used by the owner to promote the mixed use complex. Marina City was the first high rise residential project built in post-war chicago. the need to revitalize the dowtown area once again allowed mixed-use in the early 1960â€™s. the developers aim was to provide rental apartments and studios for blue collar office workers and to avoid the daily commute to the surrounding suburbs. A raised common plaza, with 5 buildings inserted from below floor level offers a wide range of uses, which include a concert hall and a 700 boat marina linked to the chicago river. the idea of a city within the city took on proportions unknown before that time.

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

1967 - HABITAT 67

1972 - NAKAGIN CAPSULE TOWER

Habitat 67 has the size of a historic monument. Extravagant by its modernity, its aestheticism and its minimalism, Habitat 67 is applauded all over the world. A true emblem of innovative housing, this building has marked MontrĂŠalâ€™s landscape for half a century and reconciles quality of life and urban context by redefining the design of living spaces. Simplicity, modernity, exceptional design. The module is the basis, the means and the purpose of Habitat 67. A total of 354 modules build on each other to form 148 flats floating between sky and earth, between city and river, between greenery and light. Integrating modules, walkways, pedestrian streets, suspended terraces, air spaces, large esplanades and monumental elevator columns, this gigantic sculpture invites contemplation.

It is a prototype for architecture of sustainability and recycleability, as each module can be plugged in to the central core and replaced or exchanged when necessary. Built in the Ginza area of Tokyo, a total of 140 capsules are stacked and rotated at varying angles around a central core, standing 14-stories high. The technology developed by Kurokawa allowed each unit to be installed to the concrete core with only 4 high-tension bolts, which keeps the units replaceable. Each capsule measures 4 x 2.5 meters, permitting enough room for one person to live comfortably. The interior space of each module can be manipulated by connecting the capsule to other capsules. CH:3.2 ANALYSIS P. 25-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

1975 - THE GALLERIA The segregation of uses carried out in New York City, and in the rest of US cities from the 50s on, was driven by the greater return on investment in single-use buildings, and brought about the progressive disappearance of housing from downtown areas, After observing the decline for twenty years, the town planning regulations of central Manhattan went back to promoting mixed-use buildings. The Galleria was the first to be built under the new regulations, which demanded the introduction of shopping malls on the ground floor and large atrium. The addition of housing obliged the introduction of structural changes to the traditional office skyscraper: intermediary technical floors, separate lobbies and fragmented vertical transit.

CH:3.2 ANALYSIS P. 26-72

1980 - THE COLONNADE CONDOMINIUMS Conceived as a set of prefabricated units hoisted onto a structural frame, the Colonnade apartment tower is another attempt by Rudolph to design with prefab units, what he called the â€˜twentieth-century brick.â€™ The original concept for this kind of structure dates back to the 1960s and particularly to his 1967 design for a Graphic Arts Center in lower Manhattan, which established the fundamental principles for his designs of tall buildings in the subsequent three decades. Although for technical and financial reasons the Colonnade was built of pour-in-place concrete with conventional techniques rather than with prefabricated units, the final product retains much of the visual impact of the original concept.

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

1998-2011 - DE ROTTERDAM A distance in time of eleven years separates the first design and the latest - shown in these pages - of the De Rotterdam building. It involves a multipurpose complex located in Wilhelminapier, the wharf which aims to act as a counterpart, o the other side of the River Meuse, to downtown Rotterdam. The project maintains the bulk of the functions originally foreseen, even though public initiative has withdrawn from the project, and as a result, the cultural uses have disappeared from the programme. The groundbreaking in late 2009 offers an optimistic vision of how to make the most of the downturn. According to the authors, the current decrease in building costs has allowed them to take on a project which eleven years ago was unachievable.

2002 - SILODAM HOUSING COMPLEX The problem of a fast-changing housing market was approached with a series of different housing types. The demand for a big variety of living spaces, on the one hand, led to different typologies but on the other hand, as a counterbalance to the increasing individuality. A mixed program of 157 houses (for rent or for sale), offices, workspaces, commercial spaces and public spaces had to be arranged in a 20 meter deep and ten-storyhigh urban envelope. The apartments differ in size, cost, and organization. In order to accommodate this process in time, a series of neighbourhoods of 8 to 12 apartments were created. Blocks of apartments which surround a corridor, a garden, a CH:3.2 gallery and a hall. ANALYSIS P. 27-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

2003 - HOUSING IN DORNBIRN

2008 - LINKED HYBRID

This new housing development on the outskirts of Dornbirn, Austria, contains nine dwellings and stands out from the traditional building fabric by virtue of its unusual volumetric form and facade design. The structure consists of two offset tracts, two and three stories high respectively. This layout serves to integrate the structure into the small-scale surroundings and to define new external spaces. The white glazed facades of this cubic complex are articulated into horizontal bands by black guide tracks. The facade elements provide the necessary degree of privacy without impeding views out of the building. The full effect of the homogeneous outer skin is revealed when the individual elements are in everyday use.

A business and leisure tray connects eight blocks in the proximity of the horizontal landscape of old Beijing. The traditional idea of a self-sufficient residential complex is thus enriched with civic uses programmed not exclusively at street level. Opposing the isolation that these complexes are subject to, inside a city that is becoming more and more privatised, these activities are open to the public (both resident and visitor). Inside the towers, the variety of housing types serve to break away from the traditional standardisation of housing in China. Meanwhile, at street level, the animated cultural programme has a complex network of public spaces to go with it, and underground, a pump system obtains necessary water from the subsoil for heating and refridgeration.

CH:3.2 ANALYSIS P. 28-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

2009 - MIXED-USE LOW2NO

2010 - 1111 LINCOLN ROAD

This project is based on the idea that optimising energy efficiency in buildings is not enough if, with this improvement, disperse city life is not left behind. Putting THE REBUILDING 2.0 strategy into practise carries with it, among other actions, the repopulation of already constructed areas and increasing their density. The Low2No projects is part of the Jatkasaari harbour reconversion plan, near the Helsinki city centre. It proposes vertical stratification of uses with two residential towers and a base with offices, all this located on a base of urban functions which may vary according to the needs of the neighbourhood.

The mixed use development called 1111 Lincoln Road in Miami Beach comprises four different parcels. An existing building, the former Suntrust building, is renewed since the bank has left the building to be accommodated around the corner. A mixed use structure for parking, retail and a private residence becomes attached to the Suntrust building. A two-story building with the relocated bank on the ground floor and four residences on the upper floor faces Alton Road, with a landscaped alley and surface parking lot behind it.

CH:3.2 ANALYSIS P. 29-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

2014 - PORSCHE DESIGN TOWERS

2016 - VIA 57 WEST

The Porsche Design Tower is a residential skyscraper Sunny Isles Beach, Florida, designed by Porsche Design Studio. At 641 feet (195 m) with 60 stories, it is one of the tallest buildings in Sunny Isles Beach. It is unique for its inclusion of a robotic parking garage, having 284 parking spaces for 132 units allowing unit owners to park two or four cars right outside their unit. Drivers ride up the elevator in their cars and are placed into their own “garage” adjacent to their unit. The projects concept designs blends hi end consumer brands with a real estate platform that provides a platform for the user to live in.

a hybrid between the European perimeter block and a traditional Manhattan high-rise, West 57th has a unique shape which combines the advantages of both: the compactness and efficiency of a courtyard building providing density, a sense of intimacy and security, with the airiness and the expansive views of a skyscraper. By keeping three corners of the block low and lifting the northeast corner up towards its 467 ft peak, the courtyard opens views towards the Hudson River, bringing low western sun deep into the block and graciously preserving the adjacent Helena Tower’s views of the river. The form of the building shifts depending on the viewer’s vantage point. While appearing like a pyramid from the West-Side-Highway, it turns into a dramatic glass spire from West 58th Street.

CH:3.2 ANALYSIS P. 30-72

HOME OF THE FUTURE: BUILDING COMPLEX

2017 - LAAD, 670 MESQUIT

2018 - PIER 2

The Arts District is experiencing a rapid renaissance, drawing creatives from all fields from fine arts to engineering. We have imagined a hybrid of two unique local typologies: the downtown warehouse and the case-study house. Like a flexible framework the project operates on two scales: the big bare bones of the buildings and the humanscale completion for its individual inhabitants. The freedom of the warehouse loft meets the individual customization of the stick-built case study house. As a gateway to the Arts District and the LA river, it will constitute a major step toward reclaiming and transforming the river bank into a vital new urban landscape that can be enjoyed and appreciated by residents and visitors to this vibrant part of Los Angeles

The design fits into a vision of the future where autonomous vehicles, artificial intelligence, drones and automated homes are omnipresent and a part of our day-to-day lives. And perhaps this vision is not as limited to the realm of science-fiction as it may seem, with Elon Muskâ€™s proposed Hyperloop recently receiving a permit from the D.C. transportation department to conduct preliminary excavation. Humphreys and Partnersâ€™ design of the twin apartments incorporates the Hyperloop in their site plan, as well as considering other transportation-related technology, such as full-service bike stations, landing pads for drones and energy-generating walkways. The design also anticipates a fully-automated future for retail, with a cashier-less Amazon Go store on the ground level.

CH:3.2 ANALYSIS

P. 31-72

TRANSPORTATION OF THE FUTURE:

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

1947 - BELL 47 HELICOPTER

1956 - FEDERAL AID HIGHWAY ACT

Famously pictured in the opening credits of the popular television series M.A.S.H., Bell’s Model 47 helicopter was the first helicopter certified for civilian use in March 1946 and went on to serve a wide variety of military and civilian applications. With its signature bubble canopy, the Model 47, and particularly its H-13 Sioux military variant, served in both Korea and Vietnam. It became a stalwart in civilian aviation with a variety of uses: agricultural aerial sprayer, aerial firefighting, police work, aerial oil exploration, medevac, news coverage, and mail service. More than 5,600 Model 47s were built, many under license in Japan, Italy, and the United Kingdom. The type retains its popularity in the civilian market to this day.

1956, President Dwight Eisenhower signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956. The bill created a 41,000-mile “National System of Interstate and Defense Highways” that would, according to Eisenhower, eliminate unsafe roads, inefficient routes, traffic jams and all of the other things that got in the way of “speedy, safe transcontinental travel.” At the same time, highway advocates argued, “in case of atomic attack on our key cities, the road net [would] permit quick evacuation of target areas.” For all of these reasons, the 1956 law declared that the construction of an elaborate expressway system was “essential to the national interest.”

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 34-72

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

1958 - GM’S MOTORAMA FESTIVAL

1962 - THE JETSONS

Since the early 1960s, Americans have been enamored with the animated sitcom “The Jetsons” and their depiction of a futuristic, space-like utopia. The show is full of talking robots, floating houses, and even flying cars.Years ago, the sitcom felt fanciful and far-fetched. And yet, here we are - in an age when these dreamlike fantasies are closer than ever to becoming our reality.

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 35-72

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 36-72

1964 - THE BULLET TRAIN

1976 - THE CONCORDE

In 1964, Shinkansen (which means “new trunk line” and is also known as the bullet train) between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka became the world’s first high-speed railway system, running at a maximum business speed of over 200 km/h (130-160 mph). The nose profile, starting with the original “000 series, was reportedly based on that of the DC-8 airliner, which represented the state of the art of international air travel at the time. The Shinkansen standard track gauge of 1,435 mm enabled 25 m long bodies to be built 400 mm wider than previous conventional trains running on the standard Japanese 1,067 mm gauge. Initially formed as 12-car units, all cars were powered, relying on a new 25 kV AC (60Hz) overhead supply. Power was provided by 185kW traction motors driving each axle. .

A supersonic transport (SST) is a civilian supersonic aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. To date, the only SSTs to see regular service have been Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144. The last passenger flight of the Tu-144 was in June 1978 and it was last flown in 1999 by NASA. Concorde’s last commercial flight was in October 2003, with a November 26, 2003 ferry flight being its last airborne operation. Following the permanent cessation of flying by Concorde, there are no remaining SSTs in commercial service. Several companies have each proposed a supersonic business jet, which may bring supersonic transport back again.

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

1984 - THE STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE

1995 - NAVSTAR GPS SATELLITE SYSTEM

The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), also known as Star Wars, was a program first initiated on March 23, 1983 under President Ronald Reagan. The intent of this program was to develop a sophisticated anti-ballistic missile system in order to prevent missile attacks from other countries, specifically the Soviet Union. With the tension of the Cold War looming overhead, the Strategic Defense Initiative was the United States’ response to possible nuclear attacks from afar. Although the program seemed to have no negative consequences, there were concerns brought up about the program “contravening” the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks years before. For this reason, in conjunction with budgetary constraints, the Strategic Defense Initiative was ultimately set aside.

Navstar is a network of U.S. satellites that provide global positioning system (GPS) services. They are used for navigation by both the military and civilians. These 24 main GPS satellites orbit Earth every 12 hours, sending a synchronized signal from each individual satellite. Because the satellites are moving in different directions, a user on the ground receives the signals at slightly different times. When at least four satellites get in touch with the receiver, the receiver can calculate where the user is – often to a precision of just a few feet, for civilian use.

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 37-72

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

1997 - TOYOTA PRIUS

2005 - CONSUMER DRONES

In 1997, Toyota introduced the very first mass-produced hybrid vehicle to the general public in Japan and released it worldwide in 2001. Today, the Prius is sold in more than 40 countries and is touted as the most fuel efficient vehicle sold by the United States EPA. Toyota wanted a progressive name for its new hybrid car so they chose Prius, which in Latin means [to go] before. Their thought was that the Prius was the leader for the cars to come. The car experienced average success in Japan and in 1999, Toyota decided enough research had been done on the Japanese version to release the Prius in the US.

The rise of commercial drones was made possible by three developments. First, fierce competition in the consumer market has made the machines much cheaper, more reliable and more capable than they were just a few years ago. “These are not military products that were downsized—these are consumer technologies that got better,” DJI’s bestselling Mavic, which costs $999, can hold its position in light winds, detect obstacles and land automatically. At a company office in Shenzhen, Shuo Yang, one of the engineers who worked on the Mavic, proudly demonstrates that it can even respond to hand gestures to follow its owner around or snap a “drone selfie”. And it folds up to fit into a backpack.

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 38-72

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

2009 - WAYMO SELF DRIVING CAR

2012 - TESLA MODEL S

In 2016, Waymo graduated from X to become an independent Alphabet company. Waymo started as the self-driving car project in 2009, with the goal of developing technology that could transform mobility for millions of people, whether by reducing road deaths caused by human error, reclaiming the billions of hours wasted in traffic, or bringing everyday destinations within reach of those unable to drive. Vehicles could have built-in sensors to detect pedestrians, cyclists, vehicles, road work and more from a distance of up to two football fields away in all directions. Smart software could predict the behavior of objects and road users to help the vehicle navigate the vehicle safely through everyday traffic. paving the way for future autonomous car transportation.

2012, Tesla started to manufacture the Model S, delivering about 3,100 cars that year. Performance was close to the Roadster (0–60 in 4.2 seconds for the P85 Model S), it had even greater range (270 miles) and sat up to seven people with optional jump seats for kids in the rear hatch. In 2012, Tesla also unveiled what may have been its secret weapon: a high-speed charging network that enabled Tesla owners to replenish half of their cars’ range in 20–30 minutes, or go from empty to fully charged in about an hour. The Tesla Supercharger network made long-distance travel in an EV almost as convenient as in a gas car.

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 39-72

TRANSPORATION OF THE FUTURE:

2013 - HYPERLOOP

CH:3.3 ANALYSIS P. 40-72

A Hyperloop is a proposed mode of passenger and/or freight transportation, first used to describe an open-source vactrain design released by a joint team from Tesla and SpaceX.[1] Drawing heavily from Robert Goddard’s vactrain, a hyperloop is a sealed tube or system of tubes through which a pod may travel free of air resistance or friction conveying people or objects at high speed while being very efficient. Elon Musk’s version of the concept, first publicly mentioned in 2012,[2] incorporates reduced-pressure tubes in which pressurized capsules ride on air bearings driven by linear induction motors and air compressors.

2016 - EHANG 184 (AUTONOMOUS AERIAL VEHICLE) EHang, a Chinese drone manufacturing company, has designed and developed the world’s first electric-powered autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV) named 184. It is a low-altitude drone that can carry a single passenger for 23 minutes of flight at sea level. It was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in January 2016.The drone is designed for daily use and built entirely using new technology. Ehang plans to work closely with government agencies across the world to develop the 184 AAV and to formulate regulations for the future of transportation.

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY:

VISION OF THE FUTURE

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY: VISIONS OF THE FUTURE

1932 - BROADACRE CITY

1961 - MOTOPIA

Broadacre City was the antithesis of a city and the apotheosis of the newly born suburbia, shaped through Wright’s particular vision. It was both a planning statement and a socio-political scheme by which each U.S. family would be given a one acre plot of land from the federal lands reserves, and a Wright-conceived community would be built anew from this. In a sense it was the exact opposite of transit-oriented development. There is a train station and a few office and apartment buildings in Broadacre City, but the apartment dwellers are expected to be a small minority. All important transport is done by automobile and the pedestrian can exist safely only within the confines of the one acre plots where most of the population dwells.

Motopia was to be a town with no heavy industry; a “dormitory community” where people largely found work elsewhere. The community was imagined as modern but tranquil; a town where accepting the bold new postwar future didn’t mean giving up the more peaceful aspects of daily living. But what about all the noise from the roads above? The planners were quick to point out that a special kind of insulation would be used to block out any of the noise from all the cars roaring along on your roof.

CH:3.4 ANALYSIS P. 44-72

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY: VISIONS OF THE FUTURE

1964 - THE PLUGIN CITY

1969 - THE CONTINUOUS MONUMENT

This provocative project suggests a hypothetical fantasy city, containing modular residential units that “plug in” to a central infrastructural mega machine. The Plug-in City is in fact not a city, but a constantly evolving megastructure that incorporates residences, transportation and other essential services--all movable by giant cranes. Dissatisfaction with this status quo pushed the experimental architectural collective to dream of alternative urban scenarios that flied in the face of the superficial formalism and dull suburban tendencies common to British modernism of the time. The Plug-In City, along with other projects such as The Walking City or The Instant City, suggested a nomadic way of life and, more importantly, a liberation from the modernist answer of suburbia.

The Continuous Monument series illustrate their conviction that by extending a single piece of architecture over the entire world they could “put cosmic order on earth.” In the urban context, The New York Extrusion extends the city’s profile over a section of Manhattan, and grafts nature to it by reflecting the blue sky in tops of the buildings. In the other drawings, there are white, gridded, monolithic structures that span the natural landscape to assert rational order upon it. Superstudio saw this singular unifying act, unlike many modern utopian schemes, as nurturing rather than obliterating the natural world.

CH:3.4 ANALYSIS P. 45-72

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY: VISIONS OF THE FUTURE

1973 - TOUR LUMIÈRE CYBERNÉTIQUE

1979 - FUTURE CITIES, USBORNE BOOKS

Indicative of children’s publications and fascination with science fiction and technological projection, Usbourne Books’ Future Cities was indicative of the fascination of young audiences with cities of the future.

CH:3.4 ANALYSIS P. 46-72

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY: VISIONS OF THE FUTURE

1981- HIGHRISE OF HOMES

1999 - E-TOPIA

This housing structure offers apartment dwellers the unique advantages of garden space and personalized architectural identity in a multi-story condominium. The building is a steel and concrete matrix supporting a vertical community of private homes, clustered into village-like communities on each floor. One of the objectives is to offer an alternative to conventional housing design in the cityscape - replacing it with an anti-formalist urban collage of indeterminacy, idiosyncrasy and cultural diversity created by residents themselves.

Mitchell argues that we must extend the definitions of architecture and urban design to encompass virtual places as well as physical ones, and interconnection by means of telecommunication links as well as by pedestrian circulation and mechanized transportation systems. The new settlement patterns of the twenty-first century will be characterized by live/ work dwellings, 24-hour pedestrian-scale neighborhoods rich in social relationships, and vigorous local community life, complemented by far-flung configurations of electronic meeting places and decentralized production, marketing, and distribution systems. Neither digiphile nor digiphobe, Mitchell advocates the creation of e-topiasâ€”cities that work smarter, not harder.

CH:3.4 ANALYSIS P. 47-72

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY: VISIONS OF THE FUTURE

2000- EXPO 2000

2002 - BLUR BUILDING

2000 World Expo in Hanover was to showcase a country making the most out of limited space. Six stacked Dutch landscapes form an independent eco-system communicating cultural sustainability: progressive thinking and contemporary culture are combined with traditional values. The architecture suggests Dutch open-mindedness while confirming the positive stereotypes of tulips, windmills and dykes.

The Blur Building is an architecture of atmosphere—a fog mass resulting from natural and manmade forces. Water is pumped from Lake Neuchatel, filtered, and shot as a fine mist through 35,000 high-pressure nozzles. A smart weather system reads the shifting climatic conditions of temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction and regulates water pressure at a variety of zones. Upon entering Blur, visual and acoustic references are erased. There is only an optical “white-out” and the “white-noise” of pulsing nozzles. Contrary to immersive environments that strive for visual fidelity in high-definition with ever-greater technical virtuosity, Blur is decidedly low-definition. In this exposition pavilion there is nothing to see but our dependence on vision itself. Is an experiment in de-emphasis on an environmental scale.

CH:3.4 ANALYSIS P. 48-72

ANALYSIS MATRIX

1961 - CHEMOSPHERE RESIDENCE

HOME OF THE FUTURE : SINGLE DWELLING

HOME OF THE FUTURE : BUILDING COMPLEX

1957 - THE PLASTIC HOUSE

1978 - USBORNE : HOME OF THE FUTURE

1980’S - XANADU HOUSE

1968 - FG 2000

1954 - TORRE VELASCA

1997 - Xanadu 2.0 -

1967 - HABITAT 67

2001 - DOME HOME

1998-2011 - DE ROTTERDAM

1975 - THE GALLERIA

1964 - MARINA CITY

1972 - NAKAGIN CAPSULE TOWER

COMPLEX

1980 - COLONNADE CONDOMINIUMS

TRANSPORTATION OF THE FUTURE

1947 - BELL 47 HELICOPTER

1956 - FEDERAL AID HIGHWAY ACT

1958 - GM’S MOTORAMA FESTIVAL

1962 - THE JETSONS

1964 - THE BULLET TRAIN

1976 - THE CONCORDE

1984 - SDI

ARCHITECTURAL THEORY: VISION OF THE FUTURE BROAD ACRE CITY FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

MOTOPIA; A STUDY IN THE EVOLUTION OF URBAN LANDSCAPE.

THE PLUG-IN CITY PETER COOK, ARCHIGRAM

THE CONTINUOUS MONUMENT: TOUR LUMIÈRE CYBERNÉTIQUE SUPERSTUDIO NICOLAS SCHÖFFER

2006 - LIVING TOMORROW

2002 - SOLAR DECATHLON

2004 - MDU (MOBILE DWELLING UNIT)

1995 - NAVSTAR GPS SATELLITE SYSTEM

FUTURE CITIES, USBORNE BOOKS

2018 - 3D PRINTED HOUSE

2011 - CORNING A DAY MADE OF GLASS

2007 - PHANTOM HOUSE

2003 - HOUSING IN DORNBIRN

2002 - SILODAM HOUSING COMPLEX

2014 - PLUS-ENERGY HOUSE WITH

2009- DUPLI CASA

2009 - MIXED-USE LOW2NO

1997 - TOYOTA PRIUS

HIGHRISE OF HOMES, PROJECT JAMES WINES

2014 - PORSCHE DESIGN TOWERS

2010 - 1111 LINCOLN ROAD

2008 - LINKED HYBRID

2005- CONSUMER DRONES

E-TOPIA WILLIAM J. MITCHELL

2016 - MOVABLE

2009 - WAYMO SELF DRIVING CAR

EXPO 2000 MVRDV

2017 - LAAD, 670 MESQUIT

2016 - VIA 57 WEST

2012 - TESLA MODEL S

THE BLUR BUILDING DS+R

2018 - PIER 2

2013 - HYPERLOOP

2016 - EHANG 184 (AUTONOMOUS AERIAL VEHICLE)

DESIGN INFLUENCES

DESIGN INFLUENCES For Best Printing Results, Use Print Button at Bottom of Article

4/6/2018

Taking a Closer Look

Tech house of the future: take a look around | Technology | The Guardian

Walmart Stores Go Small and Urban by Edward McMahon

Can big box retailers think outside the box? A few years ago the idea of a pedestrian friendly big box store would have been laughable, but as urban living has become more popular the major chain retailers are paying attention and beginning to build urban format stores. On December 4, 2013 Walmart opened its first two stores in Washington, DC and the new stores illustrate the lengths to which brick and mortar retailers will go to get into rapidly growing urban markets. Compared to the old “grey-blue battleship box” that has saturated suburban and small town America, the new urban Walmart on H Street, NW in Washington is a remarkable departure.

4/6/2018

Tech house of the future: take a

The bathroom

Tech house of the future: take a look around Smart ovens, living carpets, robot butlers and beds that remind you to have sex – then make themselves. Welcome to your home of tomorrow Nicola Davis, Rachel David Fri 4 Dec 2015 06.00±EST

Grab the keys and get set to unpack your boxes. It’s time to move into the future. But before you cross the threshold and command your robo-butler to get the kettle on, take a moment to stand https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/dec/04/tech-home-future-robots-living-smart

1/8

Technology in your kitchen will help you cook, and clean up after. Illustration: Janne Iivonen

The bedroom

CH:4.1 APPROACH P. 56-72

Bedroom tech will monitor everything you do between the sheets – and also make the bed. Illustration: Janne Iivonen

In the bathroom, gadgets will help you look your best, while reducing your carbon footprint. Illustration: Janne Iivonen

View of Walmart on H Street, NW in Washington, DC. Photo by Edward McMahon.

DESIGN INFLUENCES 7+,6 ,0$*( ,6 )25 ,//8675$7,9( 385326(6 21/< $1' '2(6 127 5()/(&7 $1< 3/$11,1* 352'8&7

Typical Buildings

Loft

Built only for one use

Built for the ages

These Strategies Enable Radical Mixed Use Key Residential

Commercial

Other Uses

Current System Rigid building design and use-segregation constrains neighbourhoods.

Today, all building systems have functional lifespans far beyond their desired lifespans, resulting in waste and inflexibility.

Structural Lifespan p

End of Function Building demolished prior to structure’s end of life

100 Years 70 Years

100 Years

20 Years

40 Years 40 Years (in 5-to-10-year increments)

Interiors Lifespan p

Flexibility enables the radical, changing mix that makes neighbourhoods dynamic.

Reuse of modular panels when use or performance needs change

Interiors Lifespan p Built-in-place drywall demolished for new use

30 Years 7 Years

30 Years 30 Years (in 5-year increments)

Theoretical

Typical

Modular wall, floor, and ceiling panels are reconfigurable

Loft

111

PURPOSEFUL SOLUTIONS

Proposed System

Enclosure Lifespan p Failure of weather barrier or poor thermal performance

40 Years

Theoretical

End of Function Highly durable armature lasts full lifespan when paired with flexible interiors

100 Years

Enclosure Lifespan p

One possibility for reuse of the Hearn is an on-site modular factory, welcoming innovative construction methodologies to the heart of the Eastern Waterfront.

Then, by making the interiors highly flexible with standardized dimensions and interconnections, Loft facilitates easy and ongoing adjustment so that even an old building will meet its users’ needs perfectly and with minimal waste.

Loft addresses this mismatch in use and lifespan by focusing on a robust building exterior, taking advantage of the extremely long lifespan of major building components.

As illustrated below, building components made available by current construction methods are used for only a fraction of their potential material lifespan.

115

PURPOSEFUL SOLUTIONS

BUILDINGS AND AFFORDABILITY Adaptable buildings, such as reconfigurable Loft spaces, enable completely radical mixed-use environments.

BUILDINGS AND AFFORDABILITY

Material Innovation Another critical component of new construction methodologies is material innovation. Sidewalk is focusing its initial efforts on materials that are more sustainable without sacrificing affordability or design flexibility. As such, it will source ecologically benign construction materials that embody less energy and reduce waste sent to landfills. At the forefront of Sidewalk’s materials strategy is “tall timber,” the construction of mid- or high-rise buildings with wood. New wood technologies offer advantages in terms of cost savings, speed of construction, and environmental impact compared to traditional steel and concrete. Timber can be locally sourced, further stimulating the Canadian economy and minimizing transportation costs. Wood construction is also faster, especially when leveraging prefabricated sub-assemblies. In fact, the use of lighter lumber segments can reduce installation and foundation work costs by up to 20 percent, while maintaining structural strength, flexibility, performance, and safety standards. Finally, tall timber performs better than traditional materials in terms of both embodied energy and resulting air and water pollution, while achieving a 90 percent reduction in carbon footprint (from steel’s 1.82 kgCO2/kg to the 0.18 kgCO2/kg of dry wood). [Sources: Forest Foundation, Canadian Raw Materials Database]

Additionally, Sidewalk is exploring potential materials innovations in Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs), a standard construction material. Sidewalk’s prototype aims to reduce embodied energy, waste, off-gassing, and toxicity by working primarily with two new materials: mycelium for structural strength, and Shikkui plaster for surfacing. Mycelium is a strong fungus that can be grown in confined spaces, using agricultural waste as feedstock. Shikkui plaster is a Japanese lime plaster made of slaked lime (a food additive) with additives including seaweed extracts, soybean oil, natural plant fibres, and other natural aggregates. Each natural component adds performance characteristics, such as stability, workability, water-repellency, and anti-cracking properties. These two materials represent opportunities to improve building performance, lower costs, and improve sustainability.

Hybrid building systems and composite panels can be timberbased.

112

Timber construction is possible at all scales and at pioneering height.

Sidewalk believes that these combined innovations in prefabrication and materials should have an impact that cascades beyond construction savings. Radically standardized materials and units will lessen the burden of building code approvals. Expedited and more predictable construction timelines will lower contingency costs and shorten the payback period, increasing the availability of financing. And better overall project economics will open up new land for affordable residential construction.

Opposite: Mid- or-high rise buildings will substitute traditional steel or concrete materials with lighter, more eco-friendly tall timber.

RFP NO. 2017-13 APPENDIX

116

RFP NO. 2017-13 APPENDIX

117

PURPOSEFUL SOLUTIONS

BUILDINGS AND AFFORDABILITY 1. Building begins as a single-use parking structure.

2. Structure grows in response to increased parking demand.

Loft (continued) Technical Foundations Flexibility y Founded on Standards

Modular Fitting g and Components p

Loft buildings will be designed around standard units of five feet. For example, support beams, elevator shafts, and other fixed components will be placed only at multiples of five-foot intervals. This enables a wide variety of room sizes using the same parts— from a 5’-by-5’ closet to a 10’-by-15’ bedroom to a 40’-by-20’ conference room. By creating standard interchangeable interfaces along with these standard dimensions, Loft will ensure that interior fittings, façades, doors, and similar building components are not only interchangeable and flexible, but also reusable.

The standards built into Loft will create a competitive marketplace of interchangeable fittings. The interiors of Loft will greatly reduce the cost and waste of interior remodelling because they will be standardized and reconfigurable. With standard sizes replicated throughout similar buildings, interior components become reusable, more like quality furniture than like drywall. Having interior fittings like doors, walls, and finishes that are reusable will have a significant impact on sustainability, helping to cut down on the approximately 200,000 tonnes of construction debris added to Toronto’s landfills every year by renovations alone.

This flexibility will allow for easy modifications to match evolving style preferences and floor-plan reconfigurations to serve changing space needs. With sufficient ease of adjustment, a company could reconfigure a space to accommodate a weeklong training seminar and then return it to offices or small conference rooms. A family might decide to subdivide a room to accommodate a visitor staying for a few months, or, they might recycle and exchange modular components when a room no longer meets their needs. Within the building, modular interior components will also facilitate easy access to utilities through standardized connections, further supporting future spatial reconfiguration and ongoing maintenance. Additionally, manufactured building components will help improve neighbourhood quality of life by using incorporated sensors to measure real-time building performance relative to applicable performance-based codes. Loft’s flexible design and construction methods allow buildings to catalyze a wide range of uses, adapt to ongoing changes in land use, and meet future space demands, all while preserving the visual character of a neighbourhood.

PURPOSEFUL SOLUTIONS

This interchangeability requires a high degree of standardization, including dimensions, basic services provided in each building, and the interior components themselves. The dimensions of the buildings, from the proportions of a block to the size of modular floor panels, should accommodate disparate and changing uses. This planning will ensure reuse, interoperability, and faster construction and renovation times, effectively future-proofing the structure for a variety of uses. Modern buildings with robust interior layouts get reskinned every 25 or 30 years to improve environmental performance and maintain a contemporary look. Loft’s façade components will adopt the same standardized units to enable low-cost, frequent updates to the exterior. This loose-fit design—one built for easy disassembly and reuse of parts—has ancillary benefits to the environment as well, enabling structures to be built, renovated, and demolished at a roughly 30 percent less carbon cost than traditional demolition.

One possible manifestation of Loft is a structure that can begin its life as a parking structure. Over time, as selfdriving cars and better public transit change the demand for parking, the building can efficiently evolve for new uses.

3. A reduction in vehicle ownership means built space can be converted into other uses.

Loft will create long-lasting but highly flexible buildings that can accommodate a variety of shapes, floor plates, and styles, all of which could be built to Loft standards. ➀

Standard dimensions ensure that all of Loft’s spaces and components are interchangeable.

➁

Generous stairways, utility capacity,

4. The building evolves, changing use to meet new user demands.

and building services will support a wide variety of uses. ➂

Modular interior fittings and façade modules ensure buildings are rapidly reconfigurable, and that components can be reused.

In all, Sidewalk’s flexible Loft structures will drive further affordability by better allowing the physical infrastructure to adapt cheaply and quickly to the changing needs of the neighbourhood. This can create incremental real estate value, keeping more inventory online at less cost. While designing these adaptable buildings for reuse will have higher upfront design costs, new units will be constructed at less cost and operated at significantly higher efficiency over traditional demolition models.

113 118

RFP NO. 2017-13 APPENDIX

PURPOSEFUL SOLUTIONS

119

CH:4.1 APPROACH P. 57-72

DESIGN INFLUENCES

A NEW KIND OF NEIGHBOURHOOD

What Makes This Neighbourhood Different? Adaptable and Integrated Public Realm Digital Layer

PHYSICAL LAYER

Buildings

The public realm in a neighbourhood from the internet up will not be confined to one area. Instead it will be integrated into the very fabric of the neighbourhood, creating a welcoming place for all.

Technology enables greater flexibility in these new spaces, encouraging greater and more varied use of public space. Actively managed and reservable outdoor spaces will be available for pop-ups, food trucks, performances, exhibitions, and individuals alike. Customizable stalls that evoke the bazaars of an earlier time will showcase a range of retail or cultural experiences that might not fit cleanly into the above categories.

A NEW SYSTEM OF HIERARCHICAL STREETS makes it possible to think about the public realm differently. Rather than open space acting as an escape from the neighbourhood, the public realm will be a core elementâ€” integrated, not divorced, from the daily activity of residents. This shared public space will be interwoven into both the urban form and the surrounding area: flexible and always close at hand.

First and foremost, the public realm will prioritize pedestrians. The barriers and inhibitions created by the width and design of conventional streets, the rows of parked cars, and the noise and pollution of traffic will give way to a shared common space that becomes a canvas for community life.

Mobility

In this way, the public realm in a neighbourhood from the internet up will be a throwback to cities past. A stroll through an Italian hill town, a medieval city core, or a Moroccan souk reminds us how cities were designed before the automobileâ€”based around the speed of the pedestrian, an intimate human scale, and the ability to interact with friends, neighbours, and merchants.

Public Realm

Infrastructure

Traditional Neighbourhood

A NEW KIND OF NEIGHBOURHOOD

CH:4.1 APPROACH P. 58-72

New Neighbourhood

RFP NO. 2017-13 APPENDIX

A NEW KIND OF NEIGHBOURHOOD

DESIGN INFLUENCES

CH:4.1 APPROACH P. 59-72

DESIGN INFLUENCES

Sky Station - New York General FIRM - kayak architects TYPE - Cultural › Gallery Transport + Infrastructure › Airport STATUS - Concept SIZE - 10,000 sqft - 25,000 sqft BUDGET - $10M - 50M +/Summary The project proposal intends to demonstrate innovative approach to drone transport integration with existing buildings in a dense urban enviroment. Methodology In the project, the particular emphasis was placed on sustainable construction solutions. The height of the construction is always a problem due to the safety of workers. The future workers will be drone robots programmed with step-by-step process of joining the prefabricated construction elements. The drone robot will be either operated by human or programmed before construction process will start. It is an answer for integration materials and operation methods in the whole building process, as well as increasing the quality of working conditions and people’s safety on height. Reflection Use of groin vault to provide a large unobstructed area for drone transportation Use of drone robots for transportation & construction assembly Use of spray-on photovoltaic cells for sustainable power generation Programmatically rethinking the circulation of occupants and visitors to and from the building

CH:4.1 APPROACH P. 60-72

LOCATION

CH:4.2 APPROACH P. 64-72

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CH:4.2 APPROACH P. 65-72

LOCATION

CH:4.2 APPROACH P. 66-72

LOCATION

Lone Star Community Plan

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BUILDING DATA

Lone Star Community Plan

Improve connectivity to Blue Star Street.

Proposed Connection Catalytic Projects

Blue Star

Center City Strategic Framework Plan, p. 71, p. 74 City of San Antonio Department of Planning & Community Development

34,500 SF 34,500 SF

THE LAKE DISTRICT: RETAIL/RESTAURANT TOTAL GLA:

22,569 SF 22,569 SF

4,479 SF 4,479 SF

PHASE 1 TOTAL GLA:

380,704 SF

EVEL

Lone Star

RETAIL: RESTAURANT: RESTAURANT/RETAIL: MARKET FOOD TENANT: ENTERTAINMENT: OFFICE: HOTEL KEYS:

EA C

RI AN

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90,151 SF 58,617 SF 22,569 SF 10,734 SF 74,598 SF 124,035 SF 135

PROBANDT ST

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TOTAL GLA S IO MI S

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10,734 SF 11,787 SF 22,521 SF

CINEMA: ENTERTAINMENT TOTAL GLA:

LONE STAR

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53,337 SF 25,309 SF 15,272 SF 93,918 SF

THE MARKET EXCHANGE: FOOD TENANT RESTAURANT TOTAL GLA:

KEYS

SA N

Strategy TI-6.3: Complete a preliminary engineering study in cooperation with 8QLRQ 3DFLÂ¿F WR GHWHUPLQH WKH IHDVLELOLW\ RI DEDQGRQLQJ WKH SRUWLRQ RI WKH .HUUYLOOH 6XEGLYLVLRQ ZLWKLQ WKH 3ODQ DUHD E\ GLYHUWLQJ UDLO WUDIÂ¿F WR WKH 'HO 5LR 6XEGLYLVLRQ via the Laredo Subdivision. See the Railroad Network Map.

36,814 SF 42,351 SF 24,826 SF 98,726 SF 202,717 SF

THE CANNERY DISTRICT: RETAIL OFFICE ENTERTAINMENT TOTAL GLA:

HOTEL:

Strategy TI-6.2: Based upon the results of the feasibility study, design and construct a new road between Blue Star Street and Lone Star Boulevard with an atgrade railroad crossing that is consistent with the Federal Railroad Administration requirements for Quiet Zones. Acquire right-of-way from affected property owners.

BLUE STAR STREET EXTENSION

Strategy TI-6.1: Conduct a feasibility study in order to estimate the cost to construct a new road to connect Blue Star Street to Lone Star Boulevard with an atJUDGH UDLOURDG FURVVLQJ 6HH WKH %OXH 6WDU 6WUHHW ([WHQVLRQ 0DS

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THE BREWERY DISTRICT: RETAIL RESTAURANT ENTERTAINMENT OFFICE TOTAL GLA:

PARKING DATA PHASE 1 TOTAL PARKING REQUIRED: (PARKING RATIO: 4.5/1000SF) RETAIL RESTAURANT ENTERTAINMENT OFFICE HOTEL

454 spaces 365 spaces 336 spaces 558 spaces 269 spaces

TOTAL REQUIRED: TOTAL PROVIDED:

1,982 spaces 2,004 spaces

NOTE: This plan is diagrammatic and intended only for the purpose of depicting the leased premises. The tenant is to verify all dimensions and actual locations of walls, columns, lease lines, and utilities before commencing design. Dimensions shown for the leased premises are measured from the exterior face of all perimeter walls and to the centerline of any adjacent lease space wall. All alcoves, vestibules, and corridors which exist for the use of one space only will be included in the leased premises. The sender assumes no liability for errors, omissions, or any future use of this document by others.

CH:4.2 APPROACH P. 67-72

SOURCES

CH:5 SOURCES P. 70-72

Ogburn W.F., and Nimkoff M.F. (1955). Technology and the Changing Family. Picon, A (Summer, 2017). “Notes on Utopia, the City, and Architecture” Gray Room 68, page 94-95 Tapscott D. (1998). Growing Up Digital: The Rise of the Net Generation. At Home in Britain: Designing the House of Tomorrow. Accessed May 07, 2018. http://www.studioweave.com/projects/home-britaindesigning-house-tomorrow/. (designing the house of tomorrow) Bilow, Marcel, Cornelia Hellstern, Sandra Leitte, and Sandra Hofmeister. The Future of Building: Perspectives, Methods, Objectives, Prospects. Munich: Detail, 2012. “Blur Building.” DS R. Accessed May 07, 2018. https://dsrny.com/project/blur-building. Davis, Nicola, and Rachel David. “Tech House of the Future: Take a Look around.” The Guardian. December 04, 2015. Accessed May 07, 2018. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/dec/04/tech-home-future-robots-living-smart. “Future of Cities: A Visual History of the Future.” GOV.UK. Accessed May 07, 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/futurecities-a-visual-history-of-the-future. Hale, Jonathan A., and William W. Braham. Rethinking Technology: A Reader in Architectural Theory. London: Routledge, 2007. Holl, Steven. This Is Hybrid: An Analysis of Mixed-use Buildings. Vitoria: T Architecture, 2014. Marjanović, Igor, and Katerina Rüedi. Marina City: Bertrand Goldbergs Urban Vision. New York: Papress, 2010. Mumford, Lewis. Technics and Civilization. San Diego: Harvest, 1963. “San Pedro Creek Culture Park – Flowing with Purpose.” San Pedro Creek Culture Park. Accessed May 07, 2018. https://spcculturepark.com/. master plan documents “Sidewalk Toronto.” Sidewalk Toronto About Comments. Accessed May 07, 2018. https://sidewalktoronto.ca/. (design strategies for urban environments) “The Urban Works Agency.” The Urban Works Agency |. Accessed May 07, 2018. http://urbanworks.cca.edu/. (EXPERIMENTS IN COLLECTIVE LIVING 2017)

CH:5 SOURCES P. 71-72