The Singapore Indian Community In Figures 2011

Content Page Category 1. Population

1.1.

1.2.

1.3.

1.4.

2.1.

2.2.

2.3.

2.4.

25.

2.6.

3.1.

3.2.

3.3.

3.4.

7

Standard of Living • Crude Birth Rate of Indians (per 1000 Resident Population) • Crude Death Rate of Indians (per 1000 Resident Population) • Infant Mortality Rate of Indians (per 1000 Live Births) • Total Fertility Rate of Indians (per Resident Ever-Married Female) • Age Dependency Ratio (per 100 persons aged 15-64 years) Pregnancy Rate Amongst Indians Tenancy of Resident Indian Households Resident Indian Households by Type of Dwelling Average Indian Household Size Resident Indian Monthly Household Income from Work

3. Economic and Labour Force

3

Resident Population of Indians 1.1.1.

Ethnic Composition of Indians in Singapore 1.1.2.

Singapore Indian Citizen and Permanent Resident Population 1.1.3.

Sex Ratio by Age Group 1.1.4.

Sex Ratio (Number of Males for every 1,000 females) 1.1.5.

Median Age of Indians 1.1.6.

Language Composition of Indian Population 1.1.7.

Marital Status of Indians Aged 15 & Over Resident Indians by Sex Resident Indian Population Aged 15 Years and Over by Religion Planning Zones with the Largest Indian Populations (Top 5)

2. Standard of Living

Page

9

Occupational Distribution of Resident Indian Workforce Distribution of Resident Indian Workforce by Industry Resident Indian Household by Economic Status Economic Status by Resident Indian Household

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

1

Category

Page

4. Education

4.1.

4.2.

4.3.

4.4.

4.5.

4.6.

11

Literacy Rate of Indian Residents Aged 15 Years and Over Resident Indians Aged 5 Years and Over by Language Most Frequently Spoken at Home Highest Qualification Attained by Indian Resident Non-Students Aged 15 Years and Over Admission into Post-Secondary Institutions Field of Study for Indians who are Polytechnic or University Graduates Performance of Indian Students at National Exams • PSLE Indian Pupils Eligible for Secondary School • PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in English • PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in Maths • PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in Science • PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in Mother Tongue • GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils with At Least 5 O-Level passes • GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils who Passed English • GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils Who Passed Maths • GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils Who Passed Mother Tongue • GCE ‘A’ Level Indian Students with At Least 3 ‘H2’ passes and Pass in General Paper / Knowledge Inquiry • GCE ‘A’ Level Indian Pupils Who Passed General Paper / Knowledge Inquiry • GCE ‘A’ Level Indian Students Who Passed Mother Tongue

5. Marriages and Divorces

5.1.

5.2.

15

Marriages and Divorces • Number of Remarriages • Number of Minor Marriages of Brides (under 20 years) • Number of Minor Marriages of Grooms (under 20 years) • Median Age of Brides • Median Age of Grooms • Number of Divorces • Mean Duration of Marriage of Couples Divorced (Years) Indian Divorces by Age Group

6. Social Indicators

2

6.1.

6.2.

6.3.

6.4.

16

Indian Drug Abusers Indian Inhalant Abusers Single Parent-Registered Births (per 10,000 Female Residents) School Dropout

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

1. POPULATION 1.1. Resident Population of Indians 1.1.1. Ethnic Composition of Indians in Singapore 9%

3% Chinese

14%

Malay Indians Others

74%

Ethnic Indian Population

2000

2010

Resident Population of Indians

7.9%

9.2%

Number of Indians in Singapore

257, 900

348, 119

Source : Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

1.1.2. Singapore Indian Citizen and Permanent Resident Population

2000

17% Singapore Citizen (213,150 persons) Permanent Residents (42,716 persons)

83% Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

2010

32% Singapore Citizens Permanent Residents

68% Source : Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

3

1.1.3. Sex Ratio by Age Group 1% 1%

80 & Over

5% 4%

65-79

8% 8%

55-64

30%

35-54 15-34

30%

Females Males

36% 33%

22% 21%

0-14 0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Source : Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

1.1.4. Sex Ratio (Number of Males for every 1,000 females) 2000

1,087

2010

1,075

Source : Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

1.1.5. Median Age of Indians 2000

32.8

2010

33.4

Source : Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

1.1.6. Language Composition of Singapore Indian Population

2000 Tamil Malayalee Hindi Sikh Punjabi Hindustani Urdu Gujarati Sindhi Singhalese Others

150,181 21,745 3,941 13,260 4,722 5,062 2,997 3,254 4,005 2,422 46,277

2010

58.2 % 8.4 % 1.5 % 5.1 % 1.8 % 2.0 % 1.2 % 1.3 % 1.6 % 0.9 % 18.0 %

188,591 26,348 13,085 12,952 5,672 4,818 4,773 4,124 3,971 3,140 80,645

54.2 % 7.6 % 3.8 % 3.7 % 1.6 % 1.4 % 1.4 % 1.2 % 1.1 % 0.9 % 23.2 %

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

4

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

1.1.7. Marital Status of Indians Aged 15 & Over 67.9% 64.4%

70

61.9%

60

2000

50 40 30

30.5% 28.7% 22.8%

20 10

9.2%

5.2%

0

2.5%

1.8%

Single

70

National

3.7%

Indian Male

1.7%

Married Widowed Divorced 66.5%

Indian Females

68.6% 64.3%

60

2010

50 40 30

25.9%

28% 23.7%

20 10

4.5%

0 Single

Married

8%

3%

4%

1.3%

2.1%

Widowed

Divorced

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

1.2. Resident Indians by Sex Total Indian Population:

2000 257,866

2010 348, 119

Males

134,337

52.1%

180, 327

51.8%

Females

123,529

47.9%

167, 792

48.2%

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

5

1.3 Resident Indian Population Aged 15 Years and Over by Religion

100 90

1% 12%

1% 13%

Others

5%

4%

Christianity

80

Sikhism

70 60

55%

50

Hinduism

58%

Islam

40

Buddhism

30 20 10 0

25%

22%

1% 1%

1% 1%

2000

2010

No Religion

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

1.4. Planning Zones with the Largest Indian Resident Populations (Top 5) Planning Zones

Number of Indians

Woodlands

27, 162

Jurong West

27, 134

Bedok

25, 348

Tampines

21, 411

Yishun

19, 730

Source : Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

6

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

2. STANDARD OF LIVING 2.1. Standard of Living

2005

2010

Crude Birth Rate of Indians (per 1, 000 Resident Population)

11.3 persons

11.3 persons

Crude Death Rate of Indians (per 1, 000 Resident Population)

3.3 persons

3.1 persons

Infant Mortality Rate of Indians (per 1, 000 Live Births)

2.0 persons

2.3 persons

Total Fertility Rate of Indians (per Resident Ever-Married Female)

2.3 persons

1.9 persons

Age Dependency Ratio (per 100 persons aged 15-64)

47.2 persons

37.4 persons

Sources: Singapore Demographic Bulletin, November 2006 (Immigration & Checkpoints Authority)

Singapore Demographic Bulletin, April 2011 (Immigration & Checkpoints Authority)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

2.2. Pregnancy Rate Amongst Indians 2005 National Indians

2011 National Indians

Live-Births for Mothers Aged 15 - 19

753

64

208

27

Live-Births for Mothers Aged 20 – 29

13,620

1,506

4, 453

524

Live-Births for Mothers Aged 30 – 39

18,941

1,389

7, 355

704

Live-Births for Mothers Aged 40 and over

1,008

76

406

25

Source : Singapore Demographic Bulletin, November 2006 (Immigration & Checkpoints Authority)

Singapore Demographic Bulletin, April 2011 (Immigration & Checkpoints Authority)

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

7

2.3. Tenancy of Resident Indian Households 2000 Owner

Tenant

Others

62,760 (86.1 %)

9,489 (13 %)

684 (0.9 %)

Source: Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 5 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

2010 Owner

Tenant

Others

83, 052 (77.3 %)

23, 590 (21.9 %)

866 (0.8 %)

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

2.4. Resident Indian Households by Type of Dwelling 2000 (%)

2010 (%)

1 & 2 Room HDB Flats

8.1

4.9

3 Room HDB Flats

24.4

21

4 Room HDB Flats

31.8

32

5 Room and Executive HDB Flats

24.5

24.6

Condominium & Private Flats

5.2

11.9

Landed Properties

4.4

4.4

Other Dwellings

1.3

1

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

2.5. Average Indian Household Size Average Indian Household Size

2000

2010

3.7 persons

3.6 persons

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

2.6. Resident Indian Monthly Household Income from Work 2000

2010

National Average

$ 4, 988

$ 7, 214

Indian Average

$ 4, 623

$ 7, 664

Indian Median

$ 3, 438

$ 5, 370

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

8

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

3. ECONOMIC AND LABOUR FORCE 3.1. Occupational Distribution of Resident Indian Workforce 2000

4.2%

8%

12.5%

11%

12.7%

4.4% 18%

13.7%

Senior Officials & Managers

15.4%

2010

Professionals

5.7% 2.9%

5.8%

Assoc Professionals & Technicians

14.1% 20.5%

4.3% 12.6%

Clerical Services & Sales Craftsmen & Related Plant & Machine Operators Cleaners & Labourers

11.4%

Not Classifiable

22.6%

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 5 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

3.2. Distribution of Resident Indian Workforce by Industry 15.1%

13.6%

12.3% 9.1%

cs

Pro

al E

Sv

1.6% 1.5% 1.6%

sta te fes s A Pu ion dm bli al in cA &S dm u pp in an ort He dE alt d u h c Ar &S ati ts, on oc En ial ter S erv tai Co nm ice mm en s t& ,S Re oc cre &P a ers on al Sv cs Ot he rs

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Re

ms

Co m

ura n

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6.1%

1.9%

ns

e

mo da

tio

n&

Fo

od

Sv cs

ag

e

Sto r

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po

Tra ns

co Ac

Wh

ole

sal

e&

Re

tai

cti on

ing

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fac

tur

Co

Ma nu

7.3% 7.5%

7% 7.1% 4.5%

3.7%

ce

16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0%

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

9

3.3. Resident Indian Household by Economic Status 2010 Economically Active Employed Total Males

79, 975 (89%)

Economically Active Unemployed Total Males

1, 894 (76.6%)

Economically Inactive Employed Total Males

9, 023 (59.5%)

89, 874 (83.6%) 9, 900 (11%)

Females

2,472 (2.3%) 578 (23.4%)

Females

15, 161 (14.1%) 6, 138 (40.5%)

Females

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

3.4. Economic Status by Indian Resident Household 83.6% 90% 80% 70% Economically Active Working

60% 50%

Economically Active Unemployed

40% 30% 20% 10%

14.1%

Economically Inactive

2.3%

0% Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

10

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

4. EDUCATION 4.1. Literacy Rate of Indian Residents Aged 15 Years and Over 2000

2010

95.1 %

98.1 %

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

4.2. Resident Indians Aged 5 Years and Over by Language Most Frequently Spoken at Home 2000 (%)

2010 (%)

English

35.6

41.6

Tamil

42.9

36.7

Malay

11.6

7.9

Mandarin

0.1

0.1

Others

9.7

13.6

Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

4.3. Highest Qualification Attained by Indian Resident Non-Students Aged 15 Years and Over 2000 2010 Indians National Indians National (%) Average (%) Average (%) (%) University

16.5

11.7

35

22.8

Diploma and Professional Qualification

8.0

11.2

14.1

14.8

Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary)

10.8

10.0

11.2

11.1

Secondary

26.4

24.6

17.2

18.9

Lower Secondary

11.9

10.9

8.5

10.2

Primary

12.6

12.1

5.7

7.0

No Qualification

13.9

19.6

8.3

15.3

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

11

2000

100% 90% 80%

10.3 11.3 12.4

70% 60%

30%

Lower Secondary

27.1

Secondary

25.8 11.3 9.7

20% 10%

Primary

13.9 11.4

50% 40%

No Education

17.7

17.9

Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary)

10.2 6.1

Diploma& Professional Qualification

14.9

University

0% Males

Females

2010 100%

5.4% 4.6%

11.6%

90%

7.9%

6.8%

80%

16.5%

70% 60% 50%

13.1%

9.1% 18% 9.1%

17%

40%

10.9%

30% 20%

35.6%

34.4%

10% 0%

Males

Females

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 5 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

4.4. Admission into Post-Secondary Institutions 2000 Percentage of P1 Indian Cohort Admitted to Post71.4 % Secondary Institutions (Pre-U, Polytechnics & ITE)

2009 89.5 %

Source : Press Release, 01 October 2001, Ministry of Education

Press Release, 20 December 2010, Ministry of Education

12

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

4.5. Field of Study for Indian Polytechnic or University Graduates aged 15 years and over (as of census years 2000 and 2010) 2000 Polytechnic University

2010 Polytechnic University

Education

N.A

828

653

2,269

Fine & Applied Arts

50

549

292

745

Humanities & Social Sciences

N.A

4,416

296

10,408

Mass Communications & Information Science

125

397

374

1,654

Business & Administration

935

5,920

2,278

21,537

Natural, Physical, Chemical & Mathematic Sciences

57

2,817

301

9,003

Health Sciences

212

1,213

1,503

3,519

Information Technology 204

1,412

1,589

11,478

Architecture & Building

275

334

293

531

Engineering Sciences

2,594

6,513

9,567

18,538

Engineering, Manufacturing & Related Trades

184

N.A

280

N.A

Services

114

N.A

676

N.A

Law

N.A

1,208

N.A

2,128

Others

336

1,380

260

1,880

Source : Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 2 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

Press Release, 20 December 2010, Ministry of Education

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

13

4.6. Performance of Indian Students at National Exams 2000

2009

%

%

PSLE Indian Pupils Eligible for Secondary School

91.6

95

PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in English

99.4

98

PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in Maths

72.3

76.3

PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in Science

87.7

86.6

PSLE Indian Pupils Who Scored A*-C in Mother Tongue

96.4

97.1

2000

2009

%

%

GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils with At Least 5 O-Level passes

66.2

73

GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils who Passed English

83.7

91.1

GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils Who Passed Maths

73.3

77.7

GCE ‘O’ Level Indian Pupils Who Passed Mother Tongue

89.2

96.7

2000

2009

PSLE

GCE ‘O’ LEVEL

%

%

GCE ‘A’ Level Indian Students with At Least 3 ‘A’/‘H2’ Passes and Pass in General Paper / Knowledge Inquiry

GCE ‘A’ LEVEL

N.A.

85.4

GCE ‘A’ Level Indian Pupils Who Passed General Paper / Knowledge Inquiry

92.1

94.3

GCE ‘A’ Level Indian Students Who Passed Mother Tongue

92.6

90.6

Source : Press Release, 01 October 2001, Ministry of Education

Press Release, 20 December 2010, Ministry of Education

14

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

5. MARRIAGES AND DIVORCES 5.1. Marriages and Divorces 2009

National

Indians

Number of Remarriages

5,284

229

Number of Minor Marriages of Brides (under 20 years)

336

14

Number of Minor Marriages of Grooms (under 20 years)

56

5

Median Age of Brides

28.1

27.2

Median Age of Grooms

31

30.3

Number of Divorces

5,402

361

Mean Duration of Marriage of Couples Divorced (Years)

10.5

10.6

Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorces, 2009 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

5.2. Indian Divorces by Age Group 120

107

100

8184

80

89 75

74

62

57

60

74

Males

47

40

34

32

20

Females

12 2

0

Under 25-29 25

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

50 and Over

Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorces, 2009 (Singapore Department of Statistics)

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011

15

6. SOCIAL INDICATORS 6.1. Indian Drug Abusers 2005

2010

Indian Drug Abusers

61 (7.7 %)

264 (14.6 %)

Total Number of Drug Abusers

793

1, 805

2009

2010

Indian Drug Abusers

92 (15.3%)

71 (14.2%)

Total Number of Drug Abusers

600

499

Source : Drug Situation Report, 2005 (Central Narcotics Bureau)

Drug Situation Report, 2010 (Central Narcotics Bureau)

6.2. Indian Inhalant Abusers

Source: Drug Situation Report, 2010 (Central Narcotics Bureau)

6.3. Single Parent-Registered Births per 10,000 Female Residents 2000

2005

National Average

2.7

2.5

Indian Average

4.5

3.7

Source: Community Statistics, Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports

6.4. School Dropout Primary School

2000

2005

National

127

71

Indians

16

8

Secondary School

2000

2005

National

1152

860

Indians

107

75

Source: Community Statistics, Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports

16

The Singapore Indian Community in Figures 2011