Level 05: Post Occupancy Report - NTU Boots Library.

Nick Onions, Luke Williams, Craig Gregory & Corey White

DESN22046: Planning, Development & Surveying

Post Occupancy Evaluation Report

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Boots Library

Nottingham Trent University - February 2019

Executive Summary

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The city of Nottingham has two main Universities within its catchment area, one of which is the centrally located Nottingham Trent University. Positioned within the confines of the city centre itself, amongst the modernistic styles of the newly built Newton Building & the traditionalistic façades of one of the campus’s original architecture; of the Arkwright Building.

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It is also the 13th largest university in the UK (Times Higher Education) and with 29,370 students split over three different campuses: • City Centre Campus • Clifton Campus • Brackenhurst Campus.

As such, this number of students in need access to a reliable, comfortable & secure area to conduct their studies or work on group projects together. Utilising the impressive and centrally located Campus Boots Library, which can be found upon the apex and inter-junction of both Shakespeare & Goldsmith Street, in-front of the entrance to one of Nottingham’s “Premier Inn” hotels.

Fig: 1 Nottingham City Map

For this task we were appointed in February 2019 to undertake a Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) of the Nottingham Trent Boots library, evaluating the renovation work undertook in 2013 & its overall performance as an educational facility.

As such the Post Occupancy Evaluation (BRE Group) provides a structured review of the process of delivering a project as well as a review of the operational, functional and strategic performance of the building during operation.

This supports the University in demonstrating its success in meeting the strategic objectives that were initially identified for the new regeneration project; some of the objectives were as follows: Study Space Improvement: (Soanes K., (2019). Improving Your Library. [online])

A more diverse range of study spaces, including silent study areas for when the need to concentrate and Fig: 2 Boots Library Location

reflect is paramount. As well as variable “noise” level areas, allowing low level conversation or none at all, to be made available.

Fig: 3 Boots Library Street-View

Additional IT software & space: (Soanes K., (2019). Improving Your Library. [online])

Additional computers and areas where you can comfortably use your own IT equipment. As well as more

Desktop/portable laptops being accessible at all times; allowing students access to specific software &

licenses to programs that would be too costly if privately purchased.

Group Presentation rooms: (Soanes K., (2019). Improving Your Library. [online])

Collaborative areas where you can work with course mates, with access to specific software & display

equipment. Creating a business style conference environment, enabling groups to practice presentations

in their own time, rather than being in a more public area.

(Which some students would still feel is unnerving).

Overall Library aesthetics: (Soanes K., (2019). Improving Your Library. [online])

Improved study environments with new furniture, carpets and decorations. Utilising bright, vibrant colours & stylish types of furniture, to recreate the “Vibe” of a modern library environment; therefore bringing the Library back to life.

Initial activities in which we surveyed the structure & the layout of the Boots library, investigating into our own evaluation of the premises; and receiving feedback from regular users of the Library confirm that the building is not only performing well from an operational standpoint, but that it is also providing a healthy, productive and happy learning and working environment – already going some way to demonstrating value for investment and delivery against the full business case objectives.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig 4 - Boots Library roof garden 2

Table of Contents 1 - Description of the Project 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Project background Description of the building Description of the project Project team

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2 - Methodology

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3 - Performance

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3.1 Architecture 3.1.1 Architectural presence & Expression

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3.2 Site 3.2.1 The Building 3.2.2 Possible Expansion 3.2.3 Site Accessibility

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3.3 Services 3.3.1 Building Way Finding & Mobility 3.3.2 Lighting & Acoustics 3.3.3 Internal Signage & Accessibility 3.4 Recommendations

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4 - Environmental 4.1.1 Thermal 4.1.2 Lighting 4.1.3 Air Quality 4.1.4 Recycling & Energy 4.1.5 Sick Building Syndrome 4.2 Recommendations

5 - Part B Compliance 5.1 Stairs 5.2 Lifts 5.3 Emergency Escape Routes 5.4 Signage & Emergency Doors 5.5 Alarm systems & Equipment 5.6 Recommendations

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6 - Part M Compliance

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6.1 Entry to Building 6.2 Emergency Exists from Building 6.3 Recommendations

7 - User Satisfaction

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7.1 Aesthetic 7.2 Comfortability 7.3Layout 7.4 Use 7.5 Recommendations

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8 - Operational Review Summary

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9 - References

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Appendix A: Floor Plan Diagrams

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Appendix B: Fire Escape Plans

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Appendix C: User Satisfaction Surveys

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Description of project

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1.1 Project Background

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The Boots Library is a learning resource centre and main library on the Nottingham Trent University city campus. Originally completed in 1998 it was later refurbished by ECD Architects in 2013 at a value of 11 million (ecda architects, 2013). The Boots Library is located on the corner where Goldsmith Street meets Shakespeare Street, both streets lined with main NTU buildings such as, Newton, Arkwright and Maudsley.

1.2 Description of the Building Approximate total internal floor area of the building is around 9,000m2 on five floors (ecda architects, 2013). The building is focused around a central atrium which forms a tear-drop type shape which is followed through the five floors creating the buildings main footprint. A main staircase runs from the ground floor up to the first and second floor. There are an approximate 500 accessible computers located across all five floors, electronic class rooms and quiet rooms stretch between the first and third floors. Situated on the ground floor is a cafe and accessed via the fourth floor is a roof garden.

1.3 Description of the Project The refurbishment for the building was completed in 2013, therefore the building has been in use for 6-7 years. The aim of this project was to carry out a Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) from a observational viewpoint for the Boots Library, this includes health and safety, building regulation compliance, accessibility and inclusivity. The survey carried out was self guided.

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1.4 Project Team The project was carried out by students in partnership with Nottingham Trent University.

2 Methodology The post occupancy evaluation was comprised of indicative and investigative techniques carried out by Nottingham Trent University students. The POE was developed using a methodical approach to evaluate the refurbished Boots Library building and was evaluated in several areas: • Performance • Environmental • Part B Compliance • Part M Compliance • User satisfaction The POE comprised of an observational assessment of the building and independent survey of students from the Architectural Technology course at Nottingham Trent University to establish a generalised satisfaction understanding. The survey asked standardised questions, with the results collected from this survey collated to develop an accurate conclusion.

The observational assessment of the building was undertaken to develop an understanding of the building’s compliance to several building regulations and standards. A second POE session at the Boots Library focused on better understanding the findings established during the initial visit, as well as further investigation into building compliance.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig A

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3. Performance

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Performance takes into concerns with the buildings mechanical, environmental and safety systems

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3.1 Architecture 3.1.1 Architectural presence and Expression The boots library stands on the location of what was previously the Avon Terrace houses situated on the land between Goldsmith Street And Shakespeare Street in central Nottingham. What now stands as the entrance to the library was formerly a post office.

During the 1960’s, expansion of the university into the Avon Terraces made way for the Technical College (Now the Maudslay building). The fate of the remaining houses was a given and in 1998 the Boots Library Opened to Students.

The building stands prominent amongst the surrounding context of Shakespeare street and Goldsmith street, although it is overshadowed by the Byron Building located to the north. The former post office stands as the entrance to the building, albeit modernised and only recognisable due to its reminiscent shape.

The internal space benefits from a rather large atrium at the centre of the building. The natural light gives a warm ambiance and a relatively cozy feeling to the library. The overall decor of the library is left wanting. With a rather dull colour scheme, the library lack excitement and can be a very dreary place to work to extended periods Fig 6

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Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

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3. Performance

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3.2 Site

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3.2.1 The Building The Boots Library site is located on a prime main street location, with adequate access via Goldsmith street and Shakespeare street. The building is accessed via a main entrance located at the Shakespeare street to Goldsmith Street “T Junction” (Fig B) The Building stands predominant on the site between the two adjacent street, providing adequate visibility within a substantial area.

There is a lack of external signage around the building. Two relatively smalls signs are fixed to the exterior of the building, one located on the Shakespeare street side and one on the goldsmith street side (Fig C). An additional sign is located at the entrance to the library. Signage located on the internal windows of the entrance area indicates the opening times of the library and other applicable information. The predominance of the building is let down by that fact that it’s difficult to actually know what it is.

There is no transparent façade located on the building, however reasonable level of visibility into the building via windows can be seen primarily on Shakespeare street, where a large window looks into the ground floor and basement level of the library. The lighting level of the building are sustained during the day due to the buildings large atrium, allow adequate level of natural light in. Outlook onto the surrounding area is adequately provided by a large amount of windows. Most of these however, use a blind system that, for the most part, reduces to views outside. Large open windows in the café breakout space and around the ground floor facing Shakespeare street provide a good outlook onto the surrounding streets.

Fig B

3.2.2 Possible Expansion

The location for the site means potential for future expansion is limited. The potential for expansion onto the Barnes Wallis site is possible, however would not be a viable option due to the need of the existing building. The potential for vertical expansion is a possibility however the cost of the would be significant when compared to the gains that would be achievable, thus concluding that potential expansion is not viable.

3.2.3 Site Accessibility There is no street frontage provided by the building. The entrance to the Boots library is located on the connecting pavement between Shakespeare Street and Goldsmith street.

The site is fully accessible via various means of transport, however parking provisions are not provided by the university. Disabled parking bays can be located on Shakespeare street between the Arkwright buildings and Barnes Wallis Building, however these are at a greater distance that what would be classed as adequate for someone with a disability.

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Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig D

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3. Performance

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Pedestrian access is a major priority to the library, with large public pathways located on the Adjacent streets. The pathways on Goldsmith street are wide enough to allow a stable flow of pedestrians at peak time as student move from the Newton building and Chaucer building. The same can be said on Shakespeare street, with students moving from the Bonington, Waverly, Arkwright and Dryden buildings.

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The Library is in a convenient location with regards to public transport (Within 500m).

The Nottingham Trent University tram stop (Fig E) is located on Goldsmith street and provides transport to Nottingham city center and the surrounding areas including Hucknall, Clifton and other areas. The tram network also links to Nottingham train station. The train station provides links via East Midlands train lines and other national services. Several bus routes are located within 500m of the library and provides city wide links and connections to the city’s surrounding area.

The university does not provide its own parking provisions for students however, a small staff carpark is located on the university’s grounds along Shakespeare street.

Bike racks are located on Shakespeare street close to the Arkwright building however the area is insufficient for demand. There are not lockers or showers located within the library’s facilities for cyclists, however showering facilities are located within the Maudsley building located nearby to the library.

Non university parking is widely available around the site with adequate on street parking on the adjacent streets and multi-storey car parking can be found in the form of Q-Park on Talbot street.

Vehicle accessibility to the building is more than adequate. With the site being located within Nottingham City centre, major transports link such as Nottingham’s ring road, which provides links to the M1, A52 and A46 allows easy access for all vehicles.

Fig E

3.3 Services 3.3.1 Building Way finding & Mobility The circulation space around the main entrance area is inadequate for the building’s usage. The use of a revolving door reduces the flow of persons in and out of the building and will potential hinder the evacuation of the building in the event of an emergency (Fig F) The circulation area once inside the library is more than adequate with large walkways allowing the unhindered movements of people throughout the building. Two staircases within the building allow good circulation and are wide enough to allow the flow of people in both directions at once.

Overall the circulation space is very good but is let down by the poor entrance area.

The building at times, can be confusing for students to find their way around, indicating that additional signage is required. Signage on the ground level shows the routes to the lifts and stairs, however additional signage to indicate specific areas would be ideal. Ideally, signage indicating the level of lecture theatre would be ideal for student who have not used the library’s lecture theatre before.

The use of colour coded areas inside the building do provide adequate way-finding to the different designated areas of the library such as the quiet study and silent spaces.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig F

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3. Performance

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3.3.2 Lighting & Acoustics Lighting within the library during the day is primarily natural lighting allowed in via the atrium.

The atrium provides sufficient lighting to almost all areas of the library, reducing the need for artificial lighting during the day.

The adequate use of artificial lighting is present in all areas of the library, providing sufficient illumination via the recessed roof lights during the library’s 24 hours per day opening period.

During eventing periods, the light a activated via motion sensors, thus reducing energy demands during period of inactivity.

The lighting systems in almost all areas of the library are adequate for the needs of the given area.

The basement level makes more use of artificial lighting compared to the upper floors and lighting from the atrium is restricted by the ground level. Large amounts of artificial lighting can be found in the computer and study areas.

The artificial lighting used, by observation, does not use renewable resources, i.e. energy efficient light bulbs. However, they light the spaces adequately in areas where necessary. Glare from artificial lighting on the computer equipment doesn’t look to be a major issue.

Acoustics are an important aspect of the building due to its use as a library as well as its close proximity to the tram line. From an observational viewpoint, the acoustics limit the impact of external noise to a very good level throughout the building Internal acoustics are also adequate in the electronic classrooms/group study areas and the quiet rooms. The lecture rooms on the third floor have a partition wall which separates the rooms, this doesn’t work well and neighboring lectures can be heard when in the other room.

Acoustic privacy is limited in most areas of the library. The study spaces are largely open areas where privacy is limited. Various study booths are available throughout the library for group use, allowing more privacy. The inclusions of acoustic barriers would be ideal in the quiet study areas to reduce intrusive noise from other areas of the library .

Background noise level within the library are higher than what would be considered ideal. With the central point of the building being an atrium, the acoustics are transmitted from the various levels as noise suppression is limited.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig G

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3.

Performance

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3.3.3 Internal Signage & Accessibility

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Individual shelf signage is, for the most part, adequate. However, some shelves have only smalls signs that can be difficult to read from a distance. Small lettering on the signs make it difficult to read unless within close proximity to the sign. Collection signage is present in all areas and indicates which collections are stored in that given area. Signage is located above the shelves, however the signs can be difficult to read or unclear.

The internals of the building are fully accessible. The library is accessed via security barrier which allow student to enter using their student cards (Fig H). All areas of the library are accessible such as study spaces, meeting rooms and lecture theaters. Some additional signage would be ideal to help students located the various different areas of the library however.

Book shelf height for the shelves were roughly around 1900mm, restricting access to books on higher shelves. Around 2/3 of the shelving area is under the 1600mm line. The height of some shelves limits the access of wheelchair users.

Aisle width vary in range from 1500mm to 1700mm, however and the ground floor some aisle widths are as narrow as 1100mm. This has the potential to inhibit the flow of students moving between the aisles. The narrow isle may also cause issue for wheelchair users, where some aisles not wide enough for wheelchair users to turn around or move unhindered.

Fig H - Entrace/Exit Security Barriers

3.4 Recommendations The entrance to the library is in need of improvements in terms of circulation. The current revolving door is the cause of issue during peak usage time, causing a back up of students entering the library. The use of revolving door as an entrance from exterior to interior is a justified decision for reduced thermal loses, however the revolving door in the Boots library is an interim door located between the main entrance doors and the library reception. A hinged door would be a more ideal solution for this purpose.

The inclusion of an automated door would allow the door to remain open during peak hours to allow a greater circulation of students in and out of the building.

An acoustic improvement within the library would be beneficial for the students using the quiet study space. The noise level in the quiet areas if the library can be at times, intrusive. Making noise suppression systems needed in these areas. Acoustic pin-board panels would be an ideal solution to reduce the noise levels in these areas. The use of movable panels is ideal as they can be used as demand arises and stored when not needed. The use of transparent sliding partitioning walls could be used, however the use of acoustic boards would be a more cost effective solution.

The external signage of the building is in need of improvement. Better indicative signage would be an ideal improvement for the library. An improved internal sign system would improve the flow of students by better indicating directions to different areas such as to lecture theatres. Wider aisles are needed to improve the circulation of students through the library. The current width of aisles will cause issues for those with accessibility issues such as wheelchair users. Improved aisle signage will be ideal as current signs are difficult to read.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig 9 - Acoustic Boards

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4 Environmental

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4.1.1 Thermal

Information regarding the buildings thermal performance is limited. From an observational viewpoint the buildings overall thermal comfort levels are good with no obvious errors, i.e. cold spots or overheating. The refurbishment architects have stated the building ‘utilities hollow core concrete floor planks to incorporate an innovative heating and cooling system’ (ecda architects, 2013).

Sustainable initiatives include a natural ventilation system installed on the main atrium roof (fig N). This helps with natural ventilation of the space, using smart technology this system will allow the building to maintain a comfortable temperature. This is significant with the library holding certain collections and archives, the temperatures must remain at certain levels.

Many of the elevation windows have blinds installed, most of them being closed. This can be seen as a thermal gain or visual discomfort issue, in which the sun is causing glare to computer equipment or people sat near to the windows are too hot.

Fig I - Ventilation unit and closed blinds

Fig J - Ventilation in the cafe area

4.1.2 Lighting The design of the Boots Library has been centered around the main atrium and its contribution towards good natural light. This allows for a lot of natural light to flood into the buildings central void and into the flanks of each floor level. This has been enhanced by artificial lighting around each floor level, however these could be limited if the elevation windows were used more and did not cause issues with thermal comfort.

Overall the lighting of the building is mostly from natural light, limiting the need for artificial lighting. This helps create a more energy efficient building and more comfortable light levels to work with. LUX level measurements were not recorded, however no areas of the building felt low in terms of LUX recommendations.

Fig K - Roof garden

Fig L - Recycling bins

4.1.3 Air Quality Other than the main natural ventilation system in place via the atrium, other forms of ventilation are mechanical (fig I & J). The overall air quality from a observational point of view is good. However, due to the amount of people working in a specific area, for example, the ground floor computer area and the fourth floor computer area, ventilation could be improved to lower carbon dioxide levels.

4.1.4 Recycling and Energy The roof garden provides a sustainable solution to drainage and additionally contributes to ecological conservation (fig P). A couple of water collection points can be seen for rainwater collection/recycling.

The cafe uses recyclable cups and various recycling bins can be seen around the building (fig L).

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig M Natural light central void and surrounding artificial lighting

Fig N Atrium roof

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4 Environmental

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4.1.5 Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) Main aspects leading to SBS come in the form of lack of ventilation in the computer areas. This contributes to poor air quality and high dust levels. The thermal comfort in these areas also feels uncontrolled, the temperature being dependent on the capacity.

Hot desking that takes place in the computer areas will also contribute heavily to the spread of germs (fig O).

Lighting upgrades would improve energy efficiency but also limiting the need to use artificial lighting by making better use of natural light would benefit users (fig S).

4.3 Recommendations Main aspects of improvement involve thermal comfort and ventilation systems. Lack of passive strategies and renewable technology hinder the buildings energy efficiency.

The main passive strategy used comes via the central atrium, this can be expanded across the building to help better ventilate the space outside the central void. Alternatively a better mechanical system could be implemented to maintain better and consistent air quality. This feeds into temperature changes, overall the temperatures when carrying out the survey wasn’t uncomfortable however it felt like there was a lack of consistency.

This would contribute towards better health and safety and lowers SBS symptoms.

Fig O - Ventilation on the fourth floor

Additionally, closed blinds on most of the south facing windows shows an issue where the internal layout maybe could of been reconsidered or window placement could of been rethought. Solutions would include thermal window film which would reduce loss of heat and penetrative UV into the building as well as reducing glare (greenspec, 2019).

There is a lack of renewable technology throughout the building with no visible signs of it in use. Surveys would have to be completed to confirm whether any alternative energy solutions could be implemented but they would certainly enhance the buildings energy efficiency.

A system that could be put in place to help with energy efficiency is a smart lighting system. This will be altered along with the conditions of natural daylight levels, reducing energy waste from artificial lighting when unnecessary and lowering SBS symptoms. The current light bulbs could also be exchanged for energy saving light bulbs alternatives such as Light Emitting Diode (LED’s) or Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL’s).

An addition that could be made alongside rainwater collection, is the use of greywater recycling. Due to the buildings capacity the number of toilets is at a high level, the water used could be more considered, by using greywater recycling this water wastage can be prevented.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig P - Artificial lighting

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5 Part B Compliance 5.1 Stairs

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Due the vast number of occupants that will use the library during the day, the library has to be adequately designed with two emergency staircase exits. Within the library there are two fire protected staircases. One staircase is located towards the front of the library, and the other towards the back.

The staircases are fire protected, so they can be used in case of an emergency exit from the building. Each floor has a refuge area, to allow anyone who needs assistance to easily be protected from any hazards, and then can be located by a professional fire officer to evacuate the building safely. These staircases are wide enough to cope with the number of occupants using the stairs at one time within an emergency.

(Fire safety: Approved Document B – Page 45)

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Within each refuge area, there is a telecom system which can be used in case of an emergency so the occupants who are in that area can be located efficiently (Fig R). The area also has a fire hydrant connection which fire officers can have a water source on each floor (Fig R). Some of the floors were fitted with an ‘Evac+Chair’ for accessibility evacuation.

The stairwells are well lit with natural light (Fig Q), however, they also have additional artificial lighting for emergency lighting and for normal lighting. The artificial lighting will be used for when lighting levels are low or if visibility is impaired with either darkness or smoke.

The stairs are also, clearly signed with emergency signage. The signage clearly indicates where the closest emergency exits are and which doors are fire doors and need to be kept shut at all times. All of the doors within the stairwells are fire protected doors, to allocate a safe exit from the building for occupants.

Fig Q

The staircases had to be a minimum of 1100mm wide to be able to withstand the high demand of use. Both of the emergency staircases were 1600mm wide. These staircases both complied with Building Regulations Part B. The central atrium staircase, needed to be a minimum of 1100mm wide. The staircase was 1300mm.

All of the stairs within the building complied with Building Regulations Part B as they were within the specifications for an emergency escape staircase. (Fire safety: Approved Document B – Page 45) The other staircase within the building is the central staircase (Fig S). However, this staircase is suitable for an emergency exit. These stairs are the ‘architectural feature’ staircase, and are used as a design feature for the building. The stairs are not suitable due to not being fire protected and not wide enough for the demand of use during an emergency. (Fire safety: Approved Document B – Page 45).

• Approved Document Part B (V2) – B1 Section 4 (Page 45) – In this section it lays out the restrictions for an escape staircase and its widths. With the staircases within the building, these comply with the Building Regulations. The emergency staircases comply with the widths stated within the section.

• Approved Document Part B (V2) – B1 Section 5 (Page 54) – In this section it states the compliance needed for staircases. The buildings staircases comply with the Regulations as they are within regulation widths and heights.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig R

Fig S

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Part B Compliance

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5.2 Lifts

There are four lifts within the building. Two of the lifts are at the back of the building which are used by all occupants within the building. There is one lift towards the front of the building which is an accessible lift, for the use of occupants which need assistance. The final lift is at the very front of the building next to the front entrance to the building. This lift is used specifically for an accessible entrance to the building.

There is one lift in the building that is an evacuation lift. This lift is located at the back of the building next to an emergency exit from the building. This lift is used as a normal passenger lift with the option to be used as an emergency lift in need of an evacuation (Fig T, U, and V) (Fire safety: Approved Document B – Page 58-59) • Approved Document Part B (V2) – B1 Section 5 (Page 58) – In this section it specifies the requirements needed for emergency, disability and passenger lifts. All of the lifts comply with the regulations as they meet the specifications for these types of lifts.

Fig T

Fig U

Fig V

5.3 Emergency Escape Routes There are multiple escape routes from the building which are easily accessible. At the bottom of both main staircases there are emergency exit doors from the building. However, at the front of the building, the main entrance to the building, there are barriers with card scanners to get in and out of the building. This could cause a problem as to an emergency exit from the building, as to the barriers becoming an obstacle to exiting the building (Fig W). These barriers could potentially open up in the event of an emergency, but this information is not shown throughout the building or within any documents about the building.

Due to the location of the building, where the emergency exit doors are placed (Fig X), the doors lead out on to Shakespeare Street and Goldsmith Street (Fig Y). Both of these roads are main roads which carry a lot of transport each day. In the case of an emergency and everyone evacuating the library, the mass number of people gathering on either side of the building, could cause problems for the safety of the occupants from the building and the local community.

Fig W

The building needs to have a specific distance from an emergency staircase or exit.

Each emergency area needs to be at least 18 meters away from any area within the building. Each distance will need to overlap with the other areas I order to give the occupant a safe exit from the building.

•Approved Document Part B (V2) – B1 Section 2 and 3 (Pages 25 and 32)

– In this section it specifies the areas that need to be set out within the building.

Fig X

This section sets out the distancing needed in order for the building to have a safe exit for the occupant. The building does comply with the regulations, as the areas are at least 18m and overlap with each other section.

Fig Y

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

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Part B Compliance

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5.4 Signage and Fire/Emergency Doors

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Within the building and its multiple floors, there is many different fire regulation signage to indicate the nearest escape route. There are multiple illuminated emergency exit signs located around the building, with standard non illuminated sign on the walls next to emergency exit staircases and doors (Fig A1). Throughout each floor of the building there is fire door ‘keep shut’ signs on the fire doors. Also, signage to indicate where fire ‘break glass’ alarms are, with instructions on how to operate the alarms (Fig A1, and A2).

The building has ‘push bar’ emergency exit doors, for an easy exit from the building. Internally, the signage for the emergency doors are very clear and give an easy understanding as to how to operate the doors .

However, externally, the signage on the doors are very slim or there was no signage at all. This would cause a problem for the building, as if there is an emergency situation and the exits needed to be used, the doors could be blocked due to not clearly being signed (Fig A3).

5.5 Alarm Systems and Equipment Throughout the building there a many different alarm systems. There are multiple alarm systems linked into one system. The smoke detectors, alarms, ventilation and sprinkler systems are all linked into one system to prevent a fire spreading and to detect and alert the occupant in the building.

The building is fitted with numerous fire extinguishers around the buildings. The main locations for the fire extinguishers are next to doors. These doors are usually fire doors which lead to the stairs, plant rooms or the lift areas.

Fig A3

5.6 Recommendations During spending tie going around the building, checking for whether the building complies with Building Regulations Part B (Fire Safety), I came across some points which need to be altered/added in order to make the buildings fire strategy comply.

Fig A1

The building could always benefit from having more illuminated signage to symbolize exactly where the exits/exit routes are located. The current exit signs only show where to follow to find an exit which can get confusing as there was no sign pointing to the exact spot of the exit once you were closer to the exit door.

Also, additional signage to the emergency exit doors out on to Shakespeare Street and Goldsmith Street, could have external signage in order to show that it is an emergency exit and it cannot be blocked or obstructed. The building would be easier to exit in a situation if there was a fire ‘action plan’ to explain what can be done and what should be done in an emergency situation.

When an evacuation of the building needs to occur, it will be hard for occupants that find it hard to hear the alarms that they will find it difficult to be alerted to the situation. However, with the additional red flashing lights on the fire alarms this will help indicate to all occupants that they will need to evacuate the building.

Lighting during winter months/darker days, the building will not gain enough lighting for people to find the nearest exit from the building. The introduction of additional lighting to support the illuminated signage.

Also, additional lighting will need to be added for changes in level and direction occurs as this cuts out a lot of illumination throughout the building.

In the locations of firefighting equipment, additional illuminated signage should be placed in these areas to indicate where the equipment is located in case of emergency. This additional signage will ease the situation by allowing occupants to find the equipment quickly and easily to help prevent the spread of the fire or other emergency.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig A2

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Part M Compliance

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6.1 Entry to building

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Access to the Boots Library, consists of the main entrance located on the apex of Shakespeare & Goldsmith street (Fig A 4-6) and a disabled entrance located along Goldsmith Street, closer to Maudsley Workshops.

The main pedestrian route (Fig A 4-6) allows access from three focal points along these main intersections, Consisting of a doorway system which is double-hinged; allowing a push/pull motion (Fig A 4) to be achieved from internal & external students using the door. On the external facade it has signage (Fig A 7) indicating what the building is and has adequate space along the access routes, to enable wheelchair access or people to walk Comfortably without being forced or accidentally pushed into the adjacent road traffic system.

Fig: A-4 Shakespeare Entrance.

Fig: A-5 Inter-junction Entrance.

Fig: A-6 Goldsmith Entrance.

This then follows into a revolving door system (Fig A 9) & an electronic disabled access door (Fig A 10), that allows wheelchair users or less able individuals to utilise the main focal point of the Boots library by not having to push the revolving doors themselves.

There is also a disabled access lift, by the side of the steps. Allowing a route for wheelchair users or lesser able people. The greater mobility & humility of using this entranceway, rather than the designated disabled entrance which is (Fig A 15) located on Goldsmith Street, closer to Maudsley Workshops; on the slight incline leading up-to the remaining NTU estate.

As such, investigating into Approved Document M4 (3). We can deduct that the main front entrance to the Boots library achieves quite a few of the standards required for wheelchair users (as well as non-disabled students.) when utilising this entrance.

•

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.7, pg 24 states that it “Should be safe & approachable for everyone.” as such the main entrance to Boot’s Library allows this, as it is situated on a pedestrian route away from traffic and has an even level surface upon approach.

•

The inclusion of a electronic door system as an alternative to the revolving door (Fig A 10) allows ease for individuals who would otherwise struggle with the kinetic force needed to move the doors.

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App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.11 (A-G) pg 26 states the requirements for “External steps that form an alternative route” that run up to the Information/Security desk, which are achieved.

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App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.13, pg 27 states the requirements for “Vehicle Drop-off Points” which although do not technically exist, there are adequate places along Shakespeare street in-front of the Student Union or the Byron building that would suffice.

•

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.14 (A-N) pg 27-28 states the requirements for “Wheelchair users requirements for principle entrances.” Which are in principle put in place for the main entrance. It is only when during busy periods, the required dimensions may be reduced to students bustling through the doorways. thus reducing he manoeuvrability of wheelchair users.

•

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.16 (A-F) pg 28 states the requirements for “Communal Lifts for Wheelchair users.” Which within the main entrance, this is not achieved in full. Although there is a wheelchair lift, with suitable dimensions to allow access & egress from it, along with buttons/switches being at the appropriate hight of less than 1m in hight. It is not to be used as a multi-occupancy lift and in the past has been put out of order; disallowing less able individuals to utilise the main front entrance of Boots’ library.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig: A-7 Boots Library

Fig: A-10 Disabled Access.

Fig: A-8 (A-5) Disabled Entrance Access.

Fig: A-9 Revolving Door.

Fig: A-11 Entranc- e Steps.

Fig: A-12 Entrance StepsBalustrades.

Fig: A-13 Entrance StepsHandrails.

Fig: A-14 Disabled Lift.

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The stairs leading up to the as before mentioned information/security desk. Built in conjunction with Applied Document K & B as shown (Fig A 11-13) allow multiple students to traverse into the Library as well as provide enough space in an emergency; allowing a mass evacuation procedure to happen.

Riser (mm) Staircase

180

Going (mm) Head-height (mm) 280 2400

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Stair Width (mm) No. Of Steps Between landings: 4500 9

As stated in App.. Doc K - table 1.1, pg 5 the above mentioned stairwell is within the minimum requirements needed for a suitable General Access stairwell, that is used within a school building.

Fig: A-4 Shakespeare Entrance.

Fig: A-5 Inter-junction Entrance.

Fig: A-6 Goldsmith Entrance.

Fig: A-7 Boots Library

Fig: A-8 (A-5) Disabled Entrance Access.

Fig: A-9 Revolving Door.

Fig: A-10 Disabled Access.

Fig: A-11 Entrance Steps.

Fig: A-12 Entrance StepsBalustrades.

App.. Doc K - clause 1.14, pg 8 states the minimum width of stairs must be in-conjuction with App.. Doc B. as well as having:

A minimum of 1200mm in width between enclosing walls, strings or up-stands.

A minimum of 1000mm in width between handrails.

Must be divided if more than 2m in width, into flights of 1m wide instead.

Which for this have been achieved, as shown in fig: 11-13.

App.. Doc K - clause 1.17, 1.18 & 1.23, pg 9-11; states the minimum requirements of the stair’s length of flights.

As such the stairwell at this entrance has the below the maximum number of risers (12) before the inclusion of a Suitable landing; along with the space required for an opening into the building, that has been achieved.

Suitable examples of material changes on the step’s nosing’s (Fig A 13), balustrades (Fig A 11-12; can be seen & was utilised in the stair designing process.

As well as the design incorporating App.. Doc K - clause 1.5 -1.8, pg 6 , concerning the use of closed risers & a Visually contrasting nosing pieces ; to helpfully remove the prospect/risk of a fall or of less able person from not being able to access this building.

There is also a disabled access lift, by the side of the steps. Allowing a route for wheelchair users or lesser able people. The greater mobility & humility of using this entranceway, rather than the designated disabled entrance which is (Fig A 15) located on Goldsmith Street, closer to Maudsley Workshops; on the slight incline leading up-to the remaining NTU estate.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig: A-13 Entrance StepsHandrails.

Fig: A-14 Disabled Lift.

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Access to the Boots Library, consists of the main entrance located on the apex of Shakespeare & Goldsmith street (Fig A 4-6) and a disabled entrance located along Goldsmith Street (Fig A 15), closer to the Maudsley Workshops.

The main disabled access entrance to the building (Fig A 15), is located on Goldsmith Street closer to Maudsley Workshops; on the slight incline leading up-to the remaining NTU estate (Fig A 18). It includes adequate space for wheelchair users to access the building from this point, with sufficient space to manoeuvre back onto the street.

As-well as having direct access onto the Nottingham Express Transit (NET) tram stop, located on this street; providing a larger state of mobility & access around the greater Nottingham area.

The main disabled entrance allows access from Goldsmith Street & is sufficiently signed with notices of its purpose, including well laid out access switches/buttons for those in wheelchairs (Fig A 15 & 16). Positions correctly to the standards as stated in App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.34 pg 49 (A-N).

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Fig: A-15 Goldsmith Entrance.

Fig: A-16 Goldsmith Entrance.

Fig: A-17 Internal of Goldsmith’s Entrance.

Fig: A-18 Goldsmith street-view 01.

Fig: A-19 Goldsmith Street view

Fig: A-20 Shakespeare Street view.

This electronic door system, which opens internally; allows students using the door to not interfere with the other pedestrian users on the main street. This then follows into a limited security/information desk (Fig A 17) that flows naturally into the ground floor (Level 0) areas with several lifts located from this point onwards that allow disabled access to all upper levels.

As such, investigating into Approved Document M4 (3). We can deduct that the secondary entrance for disabled access to the Boots library achieves quite a few of the standards required for wheelchair users.

However this entrance is solely for this purpose and is not for general access into the Library.

• • •

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.7, pg 24 states that it “Should be safe & approachable for everyone.” as such this entrance allows this, as it is situated on a pedestrian route away from traffic and has an even level surface upon approach. However in the event of an emergency, there is not enough room to compensate for this.

The inclusion of a electronic door system as an additional security measure (Fig A 16) allows piece of mind for individuals who may potentially be in difficulty & with security being located at this entrance, could be in a better position to aid, if a problem occurs.

• •

Fig: A-21 Fire Escape 01.

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.11 (A-G) pg 26 states the requirements for “External steps that form an alternative route” , which are not needed due to this approach being on the ground floor level once inside.

•

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.13, pg 27 states the requirements for “Vehicle Drop-off Points” which although do not technically exist, there are adequate places along Goldsmith street across the road or in-front of the Newton Building, at a designated “Drop off point”.

•

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.14 (A-N) pg 27-28 states the requirements for “Wheelchair users requirements for principle entrances.” Which are in principle put in place for this entrance. But as its solely used for wheelchair users, the required dimensions are more than adequate in the run-up to the internal side of the entry point; allowing the manoeuvrability of wheelchair users to not be disturbed.

Fig: A-24 Fire Escape 04.

• • •

Fig: A-22 Fire Escape 02.

Fig: A-23 Fire Escape 03.

Fig: A-25 Fire Escape 05.

Fig: A-26 Fire Escape 06.

App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.16 (A-F) pg 28 states the requirements for “Communal Lifts for Wheelchair users.” Which are achieved in full. As there are two wheelchair lifts within this vicinity, with the suitable dimensions to allow access & egress, along with buttons/switches being at the appropriate hight of less than 1m and can be used as a multi-occupancy lift with other users.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

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6.2 Emergency Exists from building

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Apart from the as before mentioned entrances/exits. There are another six emergency fire exits, which are accessible during a time of crisis. However these are not all are wheelchair user friendly, which leads onto further study with Approved Document B - Fire regulations & the means to counter this problem.

However two fire escapes (Fig A21-22) exits are located on Goldsmith street, close to the main Disabled Access into the Library (Fig A18-19). These two exits open up directly onto the main street, via the ground level. One of which is from a general access stairwell and the other is a single doorway adjacent to the main disabled access entrance. Both provided adequate space (internally & externally) to allow movement to happen without impediment from the building onto the external assembly points and both open out onto a level surface. But Fig: A-15 Goldsmith Entrance. with the openings giving access onto a main transit route with two adjacent tram lines running consistently; this is not a ideal escape route & assembly area for students using these Fire Exits.

Fig: A-16 Goldsmith Entrance.

Fig: A-17 Internal of Goldsmith’s Entrance.

Fig: A-19 Goldsmith Street view 02.

Fig: A-20 Shakespeare Street view.

The remaining four emergency exits (Fig A23-26) are all located on Shakespeare street, which due to there being a slight incline along this road. Means that there are several exits located on the ground floor (Level 0) but there are also ones suitably placed coming up from the basement section (Level -1) of the Library as-well; as such Approved Document B - Fire regulations & the means to counter this problem will need to be investigated to ensure they adequately achieve standards.

But upon investigation, these exits are all double doors that are 2100mm wide (except one, Fig A23), that opens outwards onto the street. However there are no external sign-age or protective barriers, indicating that these Opening are intended for emergency use; which is a problem concerning glass breakages & personal injuries for pedestrian bystanders.

Fig: A-18 Goldsmith street-view 01.

But all these exits lead onto Shakespeare street (Fig A20), which is mainly a flat and level pedestrianised access road. With minimal traffic using this route, so utilising an assembly area here would be more beneficial than Goldsmith street. Due to the safety value & larger usable space to gather students in-case of an emergency, the only issue is potentially where Emergency vehicles would park. In the event due to proximity of a reliable water sources, either concerning with the Library’s own rising mains or the cities own water accessibility points.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig: A-21 Fire Escape 01.

Fig: A-22 Fire Escape 02.

Fig: A-23 Fire Escape 03.

Fig: A-24 Fire Escape 04.

Fig: A-25 Fire Escape 05.

Fig: A-26 Fire Escape 06.

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There are six stairwells located within the Boots Library, stated as below: • Staircase A = A general access stairwell located towards the front of the library with access to all floors,

which also doubles up as a Fire Escape route. (Fig A 27-29) • Staircase B = A general access stairwell located towards the rear of the library with access to all floors,

which also doubles up as a Fire Escape route, near the disabled entrance. (Fig A 31) • Staircase C = A general access stairwell located in the central atrium of the library with access to the first

two floors only. (Fig A 34-36) • Staircase D = A general access stairwell located in the central atrium of the library, with access only to the basement floor (level -1). (Fig A 37) • Staircase E & F = Are alarmed Fire Exits, only to be utilised in an emergence. With access to all floors, they allow a quick and uninterrupted means of escape onto Shakespeare Fig: A-27 Staircase A - Level 01 street.

Going (mm) Head-height Stair Width (mm) No. Of Steps (mm) Between landings: Staircase A 170 280 2400 1600 11 Staircase B 170 280 3600 1600 11 Staircase C 170 300 Open 1300 10 Staircase D 170 280 Open 1190 8 & 12 Staircase E These two staircases, we were unable to survey due to alarm systems attached to the doors, Staircase F however as primary fire-escape routes; they should be to App. Doc B regulations as stated.

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Fig: A-28 Staircase A - Level 02

Fig: A-29 Staircase A Central Balustrade

Fig: A-31 Staircase B

Fig: A-32 Typical step nosing.

Fig: A-34 Staircase C.

Fig: A-35 Staircase C.

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Riser (mm)

Fig: A-30 Typical handrail

As stated in App.. Doc K - table 1.1, pg 5 the above mentioned stairwells are within the minimum requirements needed for a suitable General Access stairwell, that is used within a school building. However Staircase C has a larger “going” which brings it into conflict with the App.. Doc.

App. Doc K - clause 1.14, pg 8 states the minimum width of stairs must be in-conjuction with App. Doc B. as well as having:

A minimum of 1200mm in width between enclosing walls, stings or up-stands.

A minimum of 1000mm in width between handrails.

Must be divided if more than 2m in width, into flights of 1m wide instead.

App. Doc K - clause 1.17, 1.18 & 1.23, pg 9-11; states the minimum requirements of the stair’s length of flights. As such all documented stairwells have the below the maximum number of risers (12) before taking a change of direction & the inclusion of suitable landing; along with the space required for an opening onto another level of the building.

Fig: A-33 Staircase A, Glass protection typical handrail.

App. Doc K - clause 1.34, pg 14; states the minimum requirements of the stair’s handrails & their arrangements. As such all documented stairwells after being measured, have shown to be at the minimum requirements of 1000mm from floor level and show adequate protection for prevention from falling, trip hazards.

Suitable examples of material changes on the step’s nosing (Fig A 32), balustrades (Fig A 27, 34 & 37) & barrier protection (Fig A 38); can be seen & was utilised in all the stair designing process. As well as the design incorporating App. Doc K - clause 1.5 -1.8, pg 6 , concerning the use of closed risers & visually contrasting nosing’s; to remove the prospect of falling or less able people from accessing these parts of the building.

Fig: A-36 Staircase C.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig: A-37 Staircase D.

Fig: A-38 Level 01-03 Protection from Falling.

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As such investigating into Approved Document M, we can see examples of where and how the Boots library achieves quite a few of the standards as required for general accessibility for wheelchair users and other individuals.

Circulation Areas & Internal Doorways: In general the Boot’s library has more than adequate spacing between all access routes on ground level & its upper levels as well. As such, there are no “Corridors” which are subject to App.. Doc M4(1) - clause 1.15 pg 7 Specifications due to the vast open-plan layout of the building. However as we progress through the upper levels; there are individual rooms & lecture theatres that have openings, these adhere to App.. Doc M4(1) clause 1.15 pg 7 & App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.24 pg 32 also. But overall there are many examples of large, open & accessible areas to be used by everyone (Fig A39- 41).

Sanitary Appliances & WC’s: All levels (Except the ground floor / level 0) possess suitable toilet facilities for male & female students, that adhere to App.. Doc M4(1) - clause 1.17 pg 8 to allow able bodied students access to use sanitary facilities.

There is sufficient disabled access toilets as well (Fig A42) located on all floors, which adhere to the recommendations as specified in App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.36 (onwards) pg 40.

However due to indiscrimination laws as stated in “the Equality Act 2010”, there are no gender-fluid or multi-sex toilets; for any who may be going through a gender transition or whom wish to not identify as a previously known gender. As such this is a new concept that will need to be investigated within the relevant specifications & implemented in the next post occupancy evaluation.

Fig: A-39 Level 0 Access

Fig: A-40 Level 0 Access

Fig: A-41 Level 4 Access

Fig: A-42 Disabled Toilet

Fig: A-42 General Access Lift

Fig: A-43 GA Lift Controls

Fig: A-44 GA Lift Specification

Fig: A-45 Disabled access onto Roof garden.

Fig: A-46 Disabled Computer Terminal

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General Access Lifts: There are three general access lifts situated at the two entrances to the building, with two being located closer to the disabled entrance. App.. Doc M4(1) - clause 1.11 pg 6 states the minimum requirements for these lifts, as General Access ones. However App.. Doc M4(1) - clause 3.16 pg 28 states the requirements for disabled access lifts, which are located at their respective entrances. Both types of lifts shown are to these standards, see Fig A42- 44.

Incorporating the correct audio, visual & spacial dimensioning for users.

Services & Controls: Throughout the entirety of the building, power outlets & switches are suitably made available at the recommended heights as stated in App.. Doc M4(1) - clause 1.18 pg 9 & App.. Doc M4(3) - clause 3.34 pg 49 (A-N) for disabled users, see Fig A44- 47.

Visibility/Change of materials: Throughout the entirety of the building, there are examples of visibility markers & a change in materials used to differentiate for those who are visually challenged or would otherwise struggle moving around. As such finding examples of material differentiation as stated, can be seen in see Fig A48- 49.

Fig: A-47 Accessible Door controls.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

Fig: A-48 Contrast of Materials 01.

Fig: A-49 Contrast of Materials 02.

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6.3 Recommendations General Access - Main Entrance:

Overall the main entrance into the Boot’s Library, achieves the needed requirements & satisfaction of the its users. As it allows multiples of Students, via three access points. Into the building, with minimal deny-ability of the entrance way. As the stairwell leading to the information desk, is more than suitable to handle the mass of students which use it everyday. Following this POE, I see no need to amend this area of the Library.

However as a disabled entrance, it vastly needs improvement by allowing better accessibility & reliability to the existing amenities installed or by allowing the addition of better sign-age directing to the other entrance located along Goldsmith Street or by installing a designated drop-off point outside of the main Library’s entranceway.

General Access - Disabled Entrance:

Upon conclusion, with the exception of the entrance/exit leading onto a busy transit route; which can be an issue during “Rush Hour”. This entrance allows greater accessibility into the building & is better equipped to handle a multiple of people requiring wheelchair access to the Boot’s library. It meets several requirements of the applied documents, but from a health & safety perspective. It’s exit location, needs to be revised or relocated.

General Access - Fire Escape:

These drastically require additional external sign-age to be located on the street-side of these exit points, as well as protection barriers indicating the outward swing of the fire-doors to prevent glass breakage & nearmiss accidents by pedestrians walking past. As such, these do not exist on the external side of the Boot’s library & need to be addressed before the next evaluation.

General Access - Stairs:

All staircases are more than adequately designed, positioned & full-fill their required purposes of either General or Emergency access stairwells. Meeting several requirements of both App.. Doc. K & M, as previously mentioned in this report. As such I see little to no improvement needed for these sections.

General Accessibility around the Building: Overall looking at the general accessibility to the entire building, it suffices in its requirements to allow a multitude of people of varying differing abilities of mobility, sight & hearing. To use & have access to the Boot’s library, whenever they acquire for which ever purpose they need to perform.

The library caters to all its students, with the exception of a “Transgender” or peoples going through a gender reassignment, sanitary facilities. Which would need to be investigated with either a Gender Neutral/Mixed sex facility.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

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7

User Satisfaction

User satisfaction surveys were self-guided by all members. See appendix B for survey sheets.

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7.1 Aesthetic Majority of users felt the buildings exterior aesthetic and architecture was to be admired, however lacking an amount of creativity and inspiration. The interior aesthetic was more appealing to users and the use of the natural daylight through the central atrium being a strong positive.

7.2 Comfortability Users felt safe and didn’t feel at risk when using the building. The comfort of the building and its facilities results were varied, some suggesting that it wasn’t easy to find a comfortable space where they’d not be disturbed by others. In addition, users felt group seating was limited, requesting more booths for group activity.

7.3 Layout The overwhelming feeling from users was that the buildings natural circulation or ease of finding their way around the building was difficult, this points towards a confusing layout design. A key contributor towards the lack of clarity through the building is the lack of signage which was noted by the majority of users.

7.4 Use The most common use of the building was for specifically work or study activity.

Feedback suggests that the building isn’t used for recreational purposes and only a little for socialising.

7.5 Recommendations Overall user consensus in terms of recommendations included an upgrade on signage, more individual study pods with computers, group seating and better ventilation in study areas.

Clearer signage needs to be installed to allow users to easily find their way around the building. A recommendation would be to simplify the overall signage and have a main floor plan on each floor showing the facilities and there location.

Group seating should be made available more freely for general work tasks where booking a room wouldn’t be needed. Current group pods are sometimes occupied by sole students, this needs to be managed. A recommendation would be to introduce more collaborative/social seating areas.

The ventilation in the study areas has been raised by users and could contribute towards SBS. Recommendations include more passive strategies and natural air ventilation.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

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Operational Review Summary

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As the main focal point for all three campuses, apart of Nottingham Trent University’s estate. The Boots library, aimed to create an updated, sociable & secure environment for its students; adhering to improving the Library into a social hub for studying. By improving its existing facilities & implementing additional areas/amenities, to accommodate more students (some of which were less-abled in mobility.) attending the university.

However with every building & decision that we do or work upon. There will always be room for improvements or aspects of the Building Regulations that were not adhered to at time of the renovation; which may of been outdated as time has progressed onwards.

Below are some aspects which could be changed to enhance the overall performance & user experience of the Boot’s library.

The original business case that was implemented in 2013, found key aspects which needed to be addressed and if such finances could be acquired; then this would be implemented to improve the user’s

•

Sign-age to be improved throughout the entirety of the building as well as externally; this includes both general access & emergency, with directional instructions to be included.

•

Potentially with an overall Floorplan located at a central location on each floor, indicating where these points of interest are to be found.

•

The inclusion of more protective barriers on all external access points (Including emergency exits) as there is the potential for fatalities/further damage to the structure, should an emergency occur due to glass breakages.

The addition of more mechanical lighting systems, to aid in areas that do not receive direct natural sunlight, as well as installing more emergency lights at key Fire-Fighting equipment locations, which would aid in poor visibility or heavy smoke.

satisfaction.

The POE process aims to evaluate the success of the 2013’s renovation project by capturing and reporting information over a period of time to consider the functional, operational and technical performance of the Boot’s libary. This process is a useful mechanism for gathering information that can further help to determine the value of investment as well as identifying and capturing valuable learning parameters, that can be used to positively influence future development or renovations works within this building, as well as potentially other areas of the NTU campuses or other Librarys as part of the University’s assets.

This document helps to support the University’s decision in demonstrating its success in meeting the strategic objectives that were initially identified for the new regeneration project: • • • •

Study Space Improvement Additional IT software & space Group Presentation rooms Overall Library aesthetics

Initial user surveys allowed us to collect feedback & experiences of the Boot’s library and as such, it has turned out to be tilted more towards a Negative vibe, on the previous renovations from 2013. Which shows that the development of the mentioned aims had been considered, but due to many factors may of become void or unable to function due to a higher demand from the students themselves over this six year period.

Some of the points found in these surveys were:

Positives: • • • •

The central Atrium & natural lighting, was seen to be a good addition to the Library’s design.

Aesthetically, the furniture & decorations were appealing.

The inclusion of an open-air rooftop garden, study space was seen with good comments.

Students felt welcome & safe upon entering the Library.

Negatives: • • • • •

A limited number of computer/desktop space availability for use in the library; during busy periods.

A lack of natural ventilation in the study spaces.

A limited number of “Group” areas; which operate in a “First Come Basis”.

Directional sign-age is lacking.

Could include more creativity in the aesthetic design or layout.

Post Occupancy Evaluation: Boots Library, Goldsmith Street, Nottingham, NG1 5LS

• •

•

The inclusion of singular Quiet pods, or more group tables. As sometimes sole students, commandeer these group areas, removing the prospect for groups to do work in the Library environment.

•

Potentially including mobile acoustic barriers/boards that could be stored away when not in use was an idea that came to light.

• •

Or sliding Bi-Fordable doors to be made more available; such as those on level 03, lecture theatres 327A, 327B & 328.

•

Improvement to the main entrance of Boots library, by removing the revolving door system in favour for a hinged door instead: potentially reducing congestion.

•

Better Ventilation to be installed or allow more natural ventilation to occur, which would improve user satisfaction in their study areas & reduce the concept of Sick Building Syndrom (SBS) within the Libary.

•

The inclusion of a multi-gender or non-gender assigned toilet facilities, that would allow those going through gender reassignment to use without any complications occurring.

Intensive monitoring and a further, more detailed occupant consultation could be delivered & achieved during a further Functional Performance Stage of this POE process.

Once the Boots Library has undergone these changes/improvements as mentioned and its users have experienced a full seasonal cycle. Exposing the building to periods of high and low occupancy, such as holiday periods and varying weather due to seasonal changes.

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9 References Cover Page Image -Anna University. (2017). Nottingham Trent University. Available: http://universitywosuruma.blogspot.com/2017/03/nottingham-trent-university.html. Last accessed 08/03/2019.

Fig A to Z Group NCCL (2019), Boots Library Images Fig A1 to A49 Group NCCL (2019), Boots Library Images Fig 1 - Google. (2019). Boots Library-Maps. [online] Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/Boots+Library/@52.95798,-1.1568629,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4879c18137727c7d:0x2974c332cfb4585b!8m2!3 d52.95798!4d-1.1546742 [Accessed 7 Mar. 2019].

Fig 2 - Google. (2019). Boots Library-Maps. [online] Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/Boots+Library/@52.95798,-1.1568629,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4879c18137727c7d:0x2974c332cfb4585b!8m2!3 d52.95798!4d-1.1546742 [Accessed 7 Mar. 2019].

Fig 3 - Google. (2019). Boots Library-Maps. [online] Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/Boots+Library/@52.95798,-1.1568629,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4879c18137727c7d:0x2974c332cfb4585b!8m2!3 d52.95798!4d-1.1546742 [Accessed 7 Mar. 2019].

Fig 4 - https://994ix2y62bo94ct3ok4zzrbe-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Boots-Library-Rooftop-Garden-NTU.jpg Fig 5 google. (2019). googlemaps. Available: https://www.google.com/maps. Last accessed 8th Mar 2019.

Fig 6 Twimg. (2015). Boots Library 2996. Available: https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dc1DPDfVAAALR4n.jpg:large. Last accessed 08/03/2019.

Fig 7 - Digimaps. (2019). Boots Library site 1880’s. Available: https://digimap.edina.ac.uk/roam/map/historic. Last accessed 08/03/2019.

Fig 8 - ECD. (2015 ). Boots Library. Available: https://ecda.co.uk/portfolio/boots-library/. Last accessed 08/03/2019.

Fig 9 - ZAK. (2019). Acoustic Office Partition Manufacturer. Available: http://www.zakpartitions.in/. Last accessed 08/03/2019. ecda architects. (2013). Boots Library. Available: https://ecda.co.uk/portfolio/boots-library/. Last accessed 7th Mar 2019. greenspec. (2019). Windows: Heat loss & Heat gain. Available: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/building-design/windows/. Last accessed 8th Mar 2019.

GOV.UK. (2019). Fire safety: Approved Document B. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/fire-safety-approved-document-b.

BRE Group. (2019). Post Occupancy Evaluation. [online] Available at: https://www.bre.co.uk/page.jsp?id=1793 [Accessed 4 Mar. 2019].

Footit, P. (2019). Designing Libraries - Boots Library (The). [online] Designinglibraries.org.uk. Available at: http://www.designinglibraries.org.uk/index.asp?PageID=1202 [Accessed 6 Mar. 2019]. ecda architects. (2013). Boots Library. Available: https://ecda.co.uk/portfolio/boots-library/. Last accessed 7th Mar 2019. greenspec. (2019). Windows: Heat loss & Heat gain. Available: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/building-design/windows/. Last accessed 8th Mar 2019.

GOV.UK. (2019). Fire safety: Approved Document B. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/fire-safety-approved-document-b.

BRE Group. (2019). Post Occupancy Evaluation. [online] Available at: https://www.bre.co.uk/page.jsp?id=1793 [Accessed 4 Mar. 2019].

Footit, P. (2019). Designing Libraries - Boots Library (The). [online] Designinglibraries.org.uk. Available at: http://www.designinglibraries.org.uk/index.asp?PageID=1202 [Accessed 6 Mar. 2019].

Portal, P. (2019). Approved Document K | Part K - Protection from falling, collision and impact | Planning Portal. [online] Planningportal.co.uk. Available at: https://www.planningportal.co.uk/info/200135/approved_documents/73/part_k_-_ protection_from_falling_collision_and_impact [Accessed 11 Mar. 2019].

Portal, P. (2019). Approved Document M: Volume 1 - Dwellings | Part M - Access to and use of buildings | Planning Portal. [online] Planningportal.co.uk. Available at: https://www.planningportal.co.uk/info/200135/approved_documents/80/ part_m_-_access_to_and_use_of_buildings [Accessed 11 Mar. 2019].

Soanes, K., Soanes, K. and Soanes, K. (2019). Improving Your Library. [online] Improving Your Library. Available at: https://ntulibraryimprovement.wordpress.com/ [Accessed 8 Mar. 2019].

Times Higher Education (THE). (2019). Nottingham Trent University. [online] Available at: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/nottingham-trent-university [Accessed 11 Mar. 2019].

HH - OCT 2013

Appendix A

FD

FD

FD1

002A

MAIN ENTRANCE

002

003

005 R

LIFT

004

FD1

DAL

007

GA

LIFT

Disabled Access Lift

FE FD

Fire Escape Fire Door

16 8

006

2

1

Fire Lift

17

9

3

FL DAL

19

10

015 4

General Access

18

11

5

Locked/Alarmed FD

20

12

6

FD1 GA

22

13

7

016

15

14

01

6A

019

006B 006A

001

21

01 7

020A

01 8

020

015A

014

006D

FD1

006C

008

Fire Alarm System Fire Control System / Plans Fire Extinguisher

FL

01

Alarm Lighting Danger Emergency Lighting

2

Disabled Fire Chair

LIFT

Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector

LIFT

GA

Stairwell A

010

Stairwell B FE Stairwell C

FE

010A

Stairwell D Stairwell E Stairwell F

009

DISABLED ACCESS ONLY

010B

021

Non-Accessed Areas.

Emergency Exit Dir' Entry Arrow

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 0 5m

10m

102A

117

104

103

FD

106

FD

116

104A

FD

102

FD1

105 FD

FD 107

114

115

AWC

113

114 A

B

1

GA

114 112A AWC

Accessible WC

FD1

Locked/Alarmed FD

GA

General Access Fire Lift

FL FD

101

112

Fire Door Fire Alarm System Fire Extinguisher Alarm Lighting Danger MJ

1

8 10

Security Assist Alarm Riser

111

R

Refuge Point

FL

FD

FL

R Stairwell A Stairwell B

109

FD

110

Stairwell C Stairwell D Stairwell E Stairwell F

0

5

10m

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 1

Appendix A

FE

R

FE

FE

PLANT ROOM ENTRY

B11C

B12

FD1

B15

B13

B16

FD1

FD

B11A

FE

B17

R

B17A

R

B11

B11B FD1

B14

FE

FL

B18 Accessible Spaces

B10

B0

7

B09

AWC

B0

1

6

A

GA

B0

B01

B19

R

5B

FD1

Locked/Alarmed FD

GA

General Access

FE FD

Fire Escape Fire Door

B09

Sir Harry and Lady Djanogly Lecture Theatre

5A

Accessible WC

B0

AWC

Accessible Spaces

B05

B19A

Fire Alarm System Fire Extinguisher Alarm Lighting Danger Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector

R 1

Refuge Point FD1 Security Assist Alarm

B2

0

3

B0

2

Riser

B0

R

Stairwell A

B23

B21

Stairwell B Stairwell C

B24

B2

2

Stairwell D Stairwell E Stairwell F Non-Accessed Areas.

Emergency Exit Dir'

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL -1 0

5m

10m

Appendix A

74 75

44

216

55

54

214A

73

43

78

202

77 76

58

59

66

FD

215

R

67

214 FD

FD

FD1

203

204

201 2

205

21

21 3A

AWC

GA

LIFT

21

1A

213

211 AWC

Locked/Alarmed FD

GA

General Access Fire Lift

FL FD

206

Accessible WC

FD1

Fire Door Fire Alarm System Fire Extinguisher Alarm Lighting

20 0

Refuge Point

FL

21

R

7

Danger

56

Riser

LIFT

Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector Disabled Fire Chair

LIFT

55

66

FL

208

67

Stairwell A Stairwell B

209

Stairwell C Stairwell D Stairwell E Stairwell F

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 2 0

5m

10m

Appendix A

321A

R 320

325 327A

FD

327B

329

328

R

FD

319

323

FD1

326

FD

318

330

FD

RE

313

AWC 311

FRIG

316 AWC

Accessible WC

FD1

Locked/Alarmed FD

GA

General Access Fire Lift

FL FD

Fire Door Fire Alarm System

333

GA

312

309

334 308

Fire Extinguisher

335

Disabled Fire Chair

336 B

306

306

R

307

A

Danger Refuge Point

332

9A

O

30

CR

310

DISH

315 MI

Riser

301

Stairwell B

FL

305

Stairwell A

304 FL

Stairwell C Stairwell D Stairwell E Stairwell F

302 303

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 3 0

5m

10m

Appendix A

FD1

R

408 407

GA

FD1

Locked/Alarmed FD

GA

General Access Fire Lift

FL FD

406

406 A

405

Fire Door Fire Alarm System Danger

R

401

Refuge Point Riser

404 Stairwell A

402A

Stairwell B

402

Stairwell C Stairwell D Stairwell E

410

R

409

403

Stairwell F

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 4 0

5m

10m

HH - OCT 2013

Appendix B

FD

FD

FD1

002A

005 R

FD

FD1

002A

002

004

003

005

FD1

007

020

6A

001

014

16

17

17

16

008

2 2

GA

01

FL

LIFT

FE

GA

FE

009

010A

DISABLED ACCESS ONLY

010B

010

FE

021 009

010A

Stairwell D Emergency Exit Dir'

Stairwell F

LIFT

010LIFT

Stairwell A Stairwell E

Stairwell E Entry Arrow

2

FD1

006C FL LIFT

FE

8

008

006D

Stairwell D

Stairwell C Non-Accessed Areas.

18

9

006C006

Fire Extinguisher

Stairwell B Stairwell F

20

10

FD1

1

015A

11

006D

Disabled Fire Chair Stairwell A Alarm Lighting

Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector Stairwell C

19

12

Fire Control System / Plans

Danger Stairwell B Emergency Lighting

22

13

3

016

15

14

01

014 015

18

01

015A LIFT

2

19

6A 01

006 006B 006A

7

8 01

8

4

Danger FE Fire Escape Emergency Lighting FD Fire Door Optimal Smoke + System Heat Detector Fire Alarm

9

5

Fire Control System / Plans FD1 Locked/Alarmed FD Fire Extinguisher GA General Access Disabled Fire Chair Fire Lift FL Alarm Disabled Lighting Access Lift DAL

10

6

Fire Alarm System

11

7

Fire Escape Fire Door

12

1

Disabled Access Lift

FE FD

13

3

Fire Lift

14

015

GA

019

15

4

FL DAL

016

007

5

General Access

001

LIFT

6

GA

FD1

006B 006A

7

Locked/Alarmed FD

7

019 020A

FD1

GA

01

020

004

01

DAL

01

020A

LIFT

8

R

20

DAL

21

LIFT

MAIN ENTRANCE

003

21

FD

002

22

MAIN ENTRANCE

DISABLED ACCESS ONLY

010B

021

Non-Accessed Areas.

Emergency Exit Dir' Entry Arrow

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 0 5m

10m

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 0

Appendix B

102A

117

104

103

FD

106

102A

117

FD FD FD

103

102

116

104

104A

FD

FD1

FD

104A

FD

116

106 105

102

FD 107 FD1

105 FD

114

FD 107

113

B

114

114

115

1

AWC GA

113

114

AWC

A

115

114 A

B

1

GA 112A

AWC

Accessible WC

FD1

Locked/Alarmed FD

114

112

101

112A

101

GA

General Access FL AWCFireAccessible Lift WC

112

Door FD FD1 FireLocked/Alarmed FD Alarm System GA FireGeneral Access Extinguisher FL FireFire Lift Alarm Lighting Fire Door FD Danger Fire Alarm System MJ

Fire Extinguisher

R

1

Security Assist Alarm Riser

Stairwell A

10 MJ

8

FL

10

Refuge Point Riser

111

R

FD

111

Danger Security Assist Alarm

1

8

Refuge Point Alarm Lighting

R FD

FD

Stairwell B Stairwell D

FL

R 110

Stairwell B Stairwell A Stairwell C

109FL

FL

109

FD

110

Stairwell C Stairwell E Stairwell D Stairwell F Stairwell E Stairwell F

0

5 0

10m 5

10m

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 1 BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 1

Appendix B

FE FE

R

PLANT ROOM ENTRY B11C

B12

FD1

R

B11A

FE

PLANT ROOM ENTRY

B11C

B13

B12

FD1

FD1 FL FD1

B0

7

B09

BB007 5B

FD

FE B17

R B16

B17

R

B17A

B18 B17A Accessible Spaces

B14

GA

General Access

Fire Escape FE AWC Accessible WC Fire Door FD FD1 Locked/Alarmed FD Fire Alarm System General Access GA Fire Extinguisher Fire Escape FE Alarm Lighting Fire Door FD Danger Fire Alarm System

B0

6 GA

5A

Locked/Alarmed FD

B09 B0

5B

B09

B01

B19

1

B01

B19

R Sir Harry and Lady Djanogly Lecture Theatre Sir Harry and Lady Djanogly Lecture Theatre

B0

FD1

A

1

GA

B05

5A

Accessible WC

B0

AWC

B18

Accessible Spaces

AWC

B0

B09 AWC

R

B05

Accessible Spaces

B19A

Accessible Spaces

B19A

Fire Extinguisher Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector Alarm Lighting Refuge Danger Point

FD1

Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector Security Assist Alarm

B2

0

Refuge Point Riser

2

FD1

B0

1

FD1

FE

R

6

A

R

B15

B16

FE

B10

B10

1

FD1

B14

FE

FL

R

R

FE

B11

B11B

B15

FD

B13

B11

B11B B11A

FE

FE

Security Assist Alarm

B2

0

2

B0

R

B0

3

Riser

Stairwell B Stairwell A Stairwell C Stairwell B Stairwell D Stairwell C Stairwell E

B0 3

Stairwell A

B24

B24

R

B23 B23

B21 B21

B2

2

B2

2

Stairwell D Stairwell F Stairwell E Non-Accessed Areas.

Stairwell F Emergency Exit Dir' Non-Accessed Areas.

Emergency Exit Dir'

0

5m

10m

0

5m

10m

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL -1 BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL -1

Appendix B

74 75

44

216

55

54

214A

73

43

78

202

77 76

58

59

66

FD

215

R

67

214 FD

FD

FD1

203

204

201 205

21 2

21

3A

AWC

GA

LIFT

21

1A

213

211 AWC FD1

Locked/Alarmed FD

GA

General Access Fire Lift

FL FD

206

Accessible WC

Fire Door Fire Alarm System Fire Extinguisher Alarm Lighting

20

0

Refuge Point

FL

21

R

7

Danger

56

Riser

LIFT

Optimal Smoke + Heat Detector Disabled Fire Chair

LIFT

55

66

FL

208

67

Stairwell A Stairwell B

209

Stairwell C Stairwell D Stairwell E Stairwell F

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 2 0

5m

10m

321A

RR 320320

321A

Appendix B

325325 327A 327A

FD FD

327B 327B

329329

328328

RR

FD FD

323323 318318

330330

AWCAWC

316316

332332 333333

GA GA

309309

9A

9A

312312 30

FRIG

30

RE

311

FRIG

310

O

RE

311

CR

O

DISH

MI CR

313 313

DISH

315315

General Access GA GA General Access Lift Lift FL FL Fire Fire Fire Door FD FD Fire Door Alarm System Fire Fire Alarm System Extinguisher Fire Fire Extinguisher

FD1 FD1

326

FD FD

MI

Accessible WC AWCAWCAccessible WC Locked/Alarmed FD FD FD1 FD1Locked/Alarmed

326

FD FD

310

319319

334334 308308 335335 B

336336 306

307307

A

RR

Refuge Refuge PointPoint

306

Danger Danger

306 306A B

Disabled Chair Disabled Fire Fire Chair

RiserRiser

301301

Stairwell Stairwell B B

305

FL FL

305

Stairwell Stairwell A A

304304

FL FL

Stairwell Stairwell C C Stairwell Stairwell D D Stairwell Stairwell E E Stairwell Stairwell F F

302302 303303

BOOTSLIBRARY LIBRARY BOOTS LEVEL33 LEVEL 0 0

5m5m

10m 10m

PAC - JUL 00

Appendix B PAC - JUL 00

408 407

408 407

406

406 A

405

401

406

406

A

405

404

401 402A 402

EMERGENCY STAIRCASES

410

409

403

404

402A 402

EMERGENCY STAIRCASES

410

DISTANCING (18M ALL DIRECTIONS)

409

403

DISTANCING (18M ALL DIRECTIONS)

BOOTS LIBRARY LEVEL 4 0

5m

10m

BOOTS LIBRARY

Appendix C

Scanned by CamScanner

accordance with Diagram 21 is provided and where there are 4 or more cubicles an Appendix C cubicle (1.2m wide) enlarged is to be provided.

Any other observations regarding A.D.M. compliance not listed?

Please specify:

People Places Post Occupancy Evaluation

6. User Satisfaction- to be completed individually What do you like about the building?

Please specify: Roof top garden is a nice area to get work done on laptops.

Computer have all relevant software and use of printers

What do you dislike about the building?

Please specify: All Pc’s usually taken during the day. Can be

very loud at time. Computer keyboards and some desk unclean and sticky

Does the Architecture of the building inspire you?

Yes (3)

Rate the aesthetic quality/look of the building’s Interior: Do you feel welcome in the building?

Excellent (5) Always (5)

Frequently Sometimes(3) Rarely (2)

Do you feel safe in the building?

Always (5)

(4) Frequently Sometimes(3) Rarely (2) (4)

Is it easy to find your way around the building?

Always (5)

Frequently Sometimes(3) Rarely (2) (4)

Never (1)

Is it easy to find a comfortable space where you are not disturbed by others?

Do you think the building is attractive to people of your age group?

Always (5)

Frequently Sometimes(3) Rarely (2) (4)

Never (1)

Yes (3)

No (0)

In your opinion, is the technology in the building up to date?

What would you like to see provided in the building that currently is not provided?

Yes (3)

✓

✓ ✓

Very Good (4)

✓

Good (3)

No (0)

✓

✓

No (0)

If no why?

Fair (2)

✓

Poor (1) Never (1) Never (1)

How often do you visit the building?

Every day

How often are your visits unplanned?

Always

Do you mostly use Specific the building for something specific or just in general?

What do you use the Personal building for? (circle all relevant) Other, Please specify: How often do you Always use the building to meet friends & socialise?

How often do you Always use the building for recreation?

How often do you Always use the building to do research, study or work?

✓

Once a week Few times a week

Few times a month

Once every few months

Frequently

Sometimes

Rarely

Never

Family

Work

Study

Recreation

Frequently

Sometimes

Rarely

Never

Frequently

Sometimes

Rarely

Never

Frequently

Sometimes

Rarely

Never

✓

✓

General

✓

✓

✓

✓

Please specify:

End of survey.

Appendix C

Appendix C