Mohawk Valley Living #102 May 2022

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spring garden issue MAY 2022

102

Springing Back

Next Issue:

by Sharry L. Whitney

June 1st

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contents 6 Oneida County History Center 9 ADK Journal 11 Restaurant Guide 14 Antiques Guide 17 Nature in May 19 MV Astronomy Club 21 MV Gardens 24 MV Crossword 27 Tales from Shawangunk 33 Writings of Richard Enders 35 On The Farm with Suzie 39 Matt Perry’s MV Nature 43 Gallery Guide 45 Advertiser Directory 46 Contest Answers/Sponsor News

On the first sunny spring day in April, I rallied the strength to venture out into our backyard to visit our dormant garden beds. I had little energy to think about preparing them and planting so decided that I would skip it this year.

“I’ll just maintain what we’ve got...no planting,” I resolved. I bent down and pulled up a creeping Charlie, thwarting its advance across the now breached 5” trench around my garden beds. The plant was shockingly green and established though the yard still had lingering pockets of snow.

“Ugh, where did you find the energy little guy? I don’t want to pull weeds,” I moaned out loud. I scoped out the beds and also found chickweed trying to stake its claim.

“I should get my garden gloves on,” I thought to myself, and headed to the shed. After clearing the bed of chickweed, I went back to the trench and worked on battling the onslaught of Charlie’s comrades.

“My lawn edger would be helpful,” I thought as I stood up and headed back to the shed.

“Hello,” my neighbor called out. “Just got my peas in!”

“Peas?!” I exclaimed. “Oh my goodness, I almost forgot, thank you.”

I ran to the house to grab my bag of peas and put on my garden clogs. When I returned, I saw that my neighbor had been joined by his wife. She shouted out a greeting. “Long time no see! I just finished planting some lettuce.”

“Lettuce?!” I lamented. “Oh, I forgot to get seeds.”

“I thought you weren’t going to plant this year,” she laughed. Every autumn, when we find ourselves out doing fall chores, we vow to cut back on gardening.

“Would you like to borrow some seeds?”

“Yes, thank you.”

Hours later, as the sun set, I stood and looked at my newly edged garden beds and the staked rows planted with promises of peas and lettuce.

“Amazing what energy the sun can muster,” I pondered.

I looked at the forecast on my cellphone; it indicated rain the next day. Perfect, that would set in my freshly planted seeds. It would also be a good day to do some garden planning I concluded. •

MOHAWK VALLEY LIVING MAGAZINE May 2022

PUBLISHERS Lance and Sharry Whitney EDITOR Sharry Whitney DESIGN & LAYOUT Lance David Whitney ASSISTANT EDITOR Shelley Malenowski CONTRIBUTORS Peggy Spencer Behrendt, Carol Higgins, Suzie Jones, Melinda Karastury, Rebecca McLain, Matt Perry, Cynthia Quackenbush, Denise Szarek, Gary VanRiper CONTACT US (315) 853-7133 30 Kellogg Street Clinton, NY 13323 www.MohawkValleyLiving.com mohawkvalleyliving@hotmail.com Mohawk Valley Living is a monthly magazine and television show that explore the area’s arts, culture, and heritage.

Copyright © 2022. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the consent of Mohawk Valley Living, Inc.

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7:30am and 11pm on wfxv 11:30am on WUTR 20

Riggie is roaming around and hiding in the advertising areas of the magazine. Next to him you’ll find a letter. Find all the Riggies and rearrange the letters to answer this riddle. Enter by the 15th of the month to be entered in a $100 shopping spree at one of our advertisers!

(Excluding media and banks) One entry per household per month. Mail to: Riggie’s Riddle, 30 Kellogg St., Clinton, NY 13323 or email: mohawkvalleyliving@hotmail.com NOTE: Please enter Riggie’s Riddle and crossword puzzle in separate emails.

Mother’s Day Riddle This famous first mother enjoyed Bananas Foster as a distinguished guest on this hotel’s roster HINT: 2 words, 16 letters See the answer and winner to last month’s riddle on page 46!

Mohawk Valley Living is brought to you by

Steet-Ponte autogroup

the Oneida County History center

Utica Celebrated Fine Shoes

by Patrick Reynolds

OCHC Director of Public Programs When thinking about the history of manufacturing in Utica, the most prominent industry that comes to mind is textile manufacturing. Many textile mill buildings still stand today. Most people do not realize that there was another big industry here that often gets overlooked: shoemaking. For a while, shoe manufacturing was one of Utica’s chief industries.

Early Utica had several tanneries and supported numerous leather artisans such as shoemakers and saddlemakers. At that time, shoes were custom-made for each buyer.

John Cantwell was one of the first shoemakers in Utica. Born in Ireland in 1815, he came to Utica with his family in 1837 and opened a shop at No. 3 Catharine Street, where he employed twelve to fifteen shoemakers who crafted the finest shoes and boots in Central New York. Lewis Brothers had a large shoe store at No.180 Genesee Street by 1859; the firm had sixty-seven workers producing

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200 pairs of shoes daily. James M. Wiswell began the manufacture of shoes in 1862. He made ladies Balmorals and Gaiters, and by 1867 had increased his production from sixty to 140 pairs per day. His workshop employed forty persons, including sixteen women.

Shoe manufacturing became mechanized with the advent and use of steam engines in factories. Shoe manufacturing in large-scale factories in Utica grew to immense proportions in the 1870s and 80s when 3,500 – 4,000 pairs of shoes were produced each day by more than 2,000 workers. Nearly all factories in Utica made high-quality women’s shoes using the newly invented labor-saving McKay machine that stitched the soles on shoes. In its heyday, Utica shoes had a solid reputation throughout the United States and sold readily.

The factories conducting business here between 1865 to 1893 include Holbrook and Ludlow (known later as H.J. Holbrook and Co.), Case and Tallman (later reformed as Tallman and Hurd), and Reynolds Brothers. The Reynolds Brothers had the largest factory in Utica, employed 600 workers, and made 1,000 pairs of shoes per day. They did a business of $800,000 a year, and the total sales of the factories in Utica were $2,000,000 a year. (The equivalent of $63,000,000 today).These firms all grew rapidly and employed more than 2,000 people in Utica by 1880.

The manufacturers had been making huge profits under a highly-protective McKinley Tariff Bill that was repealed in 1893. Shortly after, however, troubles began with the organization known as the Knights of Labor, whose demands were such that it became impossible to manufacture shoes at a profit in Utica. The economic depression of the early 1890s added to these troubles. These prosperous shoe factories either closed their doors or moved away from the city by 1893. The Tallman and Hurd Company was the only holdout, which continued in the wholesale shoe business. Hurd shoes were not made in Utica but made to the local firm’s specifications. Today, the Hurd building is the only building that remains from Utica’s once-thriving shoe district.

Want to know more? A temporary exhibit about Utica’s shoemaking industry is now on view at the Oneida County History Center, 1608 Genesee Street, Utica NY. You are invited to visit us Tuesday through Saturday from 10 a.m to 4 p.m. •

Nursery & Garden Center

Annuals, Perennials, Trees & Shrubs!

Hollbrook and Company was located at 8-12 Catherine St., Utica

Oneida County History Center

1608 Genesee St, Utica (315) 735-3642

Open Tues.-Fri. 10-4, Sat 10-2 www.oneidacountyhistory.org

Spring has Sprung at Green Lakes Home & Garden!

• • • • •

ANNUALS PERENNIALS VEGETABLES SHRUBS & TREES LANDSCAPING

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Gift Cards available!

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Facebook: George’s Farm Products

8442 St. Hwy. 28 Richfield Springs

(315) 858-0955

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The Tepee, no longer a stop along the way.

It’s the destination!

PULASKI CHERRY VALLEY NEW YORK Since 1950!

7632 Hwy. 20 607-264-3987 CALL FOR HOURS www.thetepee.biz

Support Support LocalLocal Farmers!

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www.polishfoodutica.com • Mon-Fri:9-5, Sat: 9-4:30, Sun Closed

315-853-5001

Beautiful Truffles & Chocolates for Mother’s Day!

Better SeeLive our new line of with products!

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Turkeys!

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MEAT MARKET

STOREMADE:

Kielbasa, Sausage, Hams, Patties, Salads, Variety of German Style Frankfurters Fulled stocked with quality meats!

Prices are down, come stock up!

The 4 Corners in Clark Mills

Thurs-Fri 10-6, Sat 8-1, Closed Sun -Wed

531 Varick St., Utica • 765-6463 Open Tues-Fri 11-6, Sat 11-4

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adirondack journal

Coming to Terms About Hiking

by Gary VanRiper

Most people know some common terms associated with hiking.

GORP is one, right? A simple mix of granola, oats, raisins, and peanuts to take with you for a snack while on the trail.

And there are other terms you become familiar with along the way, some more common than others.

Switch Back – a trail that zig-zags while slowly gaining elevation, rather than ascending straight up.

Cairn – a man-made pile of rocks designating the direction of a trail. You may see a series of cairns marking a trail above a tree line leading to a summit, or placed at both sides of a stream bed indicating where to cross to remain connected with the trail.

Bushwhack – hiking without a trail. Having ascended 82 of the 100 highest mountains in the Adirondacks so far, the need to bushwhack

Deliveries daily Here to help

• DESIGN STUDIO •

This is a cairn setting atop the Shepherd’s Tooth, a knob on the shoulder of Iroquois Peak.

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Sunflowers for Ukraine May 28 & 29, 9am-7pm

Sunflower seeds and plants available this spring.

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Fresh veggies & scones on Saturdays!

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Szarek’s Succulent Shack

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became inevitable. I don’t have a lot of photos from those hikes other than summit shots or stops to read a map. You tend to need all four limbs simultaneously at work while pushing your way through dense foliage, or scrambling up breaks found between steep faces of rock.

Rock-hopping – is just what it sounds like – hopping rocks.

Sometimes to rise above a muddy trail, usually to cross a stream.

Some terms may be less known.

One term I only recently discovered is for the hiker who leads the way clearing the spiderwebs crossing a narrow trail. Apparently you are a Cobbknocker. That would most often be me!

Mission Creep – is when you reach your destination and decide to go for more. Only once, in the Indian Lake quadrant, did my hiking buddy and I try to fit one more mountain in before dark while on a bushwhack. Realizing we were not going to make the mountain, we veered off to connect with the Snowy Mountain trail which led us back out to our parked vehicle. A headlamp is helpful, but bushwhacking is not a lot of fun in pitch black conditions.

Blowdown – trees that have fallen, often caused by straight line winds. Did you ever play that game ‘pick-up-sticks’? You open the can and drop the sticks on the table or floor where they topple all over each other. I’ve bushwhacked several times through areas where a straight line wind dropped several trees at random to fall just like that. Sometimes you can walk along the top of the mess – it’s like crisscrossing a series of dangerous balance beams. Dangerous because there are often spikes sticking up from broken branches threatening to trip you up and impale you should you fall. Other times I’ve had to crawl or squeeze through some tight places where trees were loosely stacked atop one another. After crushing two cameras that were in my backpack, I finally started using a hard-shell case for protection.

Outlier – In this context, an isolated mountain.

Scree – debris that ends up in your boots (dirt, stones, evergreen needles). That’s one among several reasons I wear gaiters. Another reason is to prevent ticks or bees from entering the bottom of my pantlegs. My gaiters, light-colored pants, shirts, and hats are treated with Insect Shield® which also discourages any pesky attackers or hitchhikers.

Summit Fever – what comes on when you just have to go climb a mountain! In fact, just working on this article and selecting some accompanying photographs, I can feel the fever coming on strong right now! •

Mark Lowell rock-hopping one of the many streams found throughout the Adirondacks.

My hiking buddy, Mark Lowell. It seemed like we had plenty of daylight to make one more mountain.

Seeing images like this can trigger summit fever, a deep desire to go climb a mountain! (view from Pitchoff Mountain)

Gary VanRiper is an author, photographer, and pastor at the Camden Wesleyan Church. He has written 19 children’s books with his son, Justin.

Learn more at: www.adirondackkids.com

Family Monuments Mausoleums & Columbariums Granite Cleaning & Repairs Cemetery Lettering Pre-Need Memorials

All Sizes!

Put the car back in the garage!

Spring Planting & Monument Cleaning

A family run business specializing in the manufacturing of affordable, well-contructed:

Storage Sheds Pole Barns

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Preplanning Provides Peace of Mind

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Decks Garages

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Free estimates for Pole Barns & Garages (315) 853-5285 4932 Rt. 233, Westmoreland Fully insured with over 30 years experience! See examples at: www.ssheds.com

mvl

Best Eats

Open Daily 7am-3pm

American & Italian Cuisine Serving Lunch & Dinner

823-3290

Breakfast, Lunch, Homemade Soups & Sandwiches and our delicious Desserts Including our Famous Cream Puffs!

Canal Place, Little Falls Next to Showcase Antiques Family owned- The Vullo family has been catering to your menu needs since 1972!

5656 Route 5, Vernon • (315) 829-2203

www.theblackstallionny.com Open Wed-Thurs: 3-9pm, Fri & Sat: 3-10pm, Sun: 12-7

Dine In & Take Out

Thank you for your support!

Reservations appreciated

Where good friends Meet to Eat! Enjoy breakfast or a quick lunch!

8170 Seneca Tpke., Clinton (315) 732-3631 Mon-Fri 7am-2pm, Sat & Sun 7am-1pm

Gluten Free Appetizers, Pastas, Entrees, & Desserts!

(315) 33PIZZA

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Open every day and Open year-round

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Weekday Specials

Wed-Sun: 7am-2pm UTICA: 1256 Albany St. • 315-790-5200 Hours: Wed-Fri 7am-2pm WHITESBORO: 103 Main St. • 315-768-1462 Hours: Sat & Sun 7am-1pm

Tues- 20” X-Large Cheese Pizza . . . . . . . $13.95 ($2.95 per topping)

Wed- Sm. Cheese Pizza & 20 Boneless Wings . . . $19.00 Thurs- 2 Large Cheese Pizzas . . . . . . . . $21.00 (plus tax/toppings extra)

Specialty Rolls

S a u s a g e . . . . . . . . $12.95 S p i n a c h . . . . . . . $11.95 A n t i p a s t o . . . . . . $14.95 Sausage & Greens . . $14.95 S t r o m b o l i . . . . . . $13.95

Tomato Pie

Please order one day in advance $11 +tax

Tues-Thurs: 11am-8:30pm, Fri & Sat: 11am-9:30pm, Sun: 1pm-8pm

7756 Route 5, Clinton Located next door to Spaghetti Kettle • Enjoyprimopizza.com 12

KARAM’S Middle Eastern Bakery & Restaurant

Traditional Lebanese fare for breakfast & lunch!

Middle Eastern Specials and Groceries Pita and Flat Bread • Spinach & Meat Pies • Baklawa

Tues - Fri: 9am -5pm, Sat: 9am - 3pm

(315) 736-1728 137 Campbell Ave, Yorkville www.karamsbakery.com

1st Floor Breakfast, Lunch, “Grab-and-Go!” Deliveries, 8am-2pm Take Out & Catering!

Check out our weekly specials on facebook and at www.rososcafe.com

Open: Monday-Friday: 9-2 185 Genesee St., 2nd Floor, Utica

315 735-7676

9663 River Rd., Marcy

Soft and Hard Ice Cream!

19 Flavors of Hard Ice Cream 33 Flavors of Soft, Flurries & Milkshakes Take Out & Delivery!

PLUS Fresh Haddock • Giambotta Mushroom Stew • Chicken & Biscuits Meatloaf Goulash & More!

Open 7 Days a Week • 797-7709

Serving Lunch & Dinner Lunches Served Friday & Saturday Happy Hour Daily 4-7, $2.75 Drafts & $3 Well Mixers Tuesdays

All-U-Can-Eat Spaghetti Wednesdays

$8.99 Pasta Specials, 10 Boneless Wings $7.50 Thursdays

All-You-Can-Eat Chicken Riggies!

“We are your home town pizzeria!”

past 5 years!

Voted #1 pizza for

(315) 736-4549 • Open 7 days a week • 4462 Commercial Dr., New Hartford www.tonyspizzeriaanddeli.com

-Open For Order Pickups OnlyMonday Through Friday -9:00 AM To 1:00 PM-

Place Orders For Our, Jarred Products, Ready To Cook Meals, Plus Our, Handmade-Always Fresh-Never Frozen, Cookies, Pusties And More!!

Browse Online, Then Call To Order And Schedule A Pickup Date And Time!!

Dine In, Take Out, & Curbside Pick-Up!

Follow Us Online For Our Store Updates And Seasonal Items!!

409 Oriskany Blvd., Whitesboro • (315) 736-7869

-www.sammyandanniefoods.com-

Catering & Banquet Facilities Available • www.69steakhouse.com

Sheri’s

EASTSIDE DINER

Over 80 years serving the Mohawk Valley!

Breakfast • Lunch Homemade & Fresh Daily!

Friday Fish Fry • Breakfast Served All Day

2199 Bleecker St., Utica (315) 790-5250 Open 7 Days a Week, 7am-2pm

n Ope r fo r! ne Din

Visit our 3 locations:

Oriskany Blvd., Yorkville • Ilion Marina, 190 Central Ave, Ilion • Maynard Dr., Marcy

Friday Fish Fry: 11:30am-8pm

Breakfast Sandwiches Deli-Style Wraps/Sandwiches Salads, Soups & more!

Homemade Baked Goods & Multi-Color Bagels - a kid’s favorite!

2 Locations:

219 N. Genesee St., Utica 1401 Oriskany Street W., Utica (315) 790-5353 • Open 7 Days a Week

Free Delivery (min. $25) • Family Owned & Operated!

1/2 lb.

Juicy Angus Burgers!

Specialty Sundaes!

Hershey’s Hard Ice Cream, Soft ServeChoc, Van & Twist, Milk Shakes

Contemporary American • Indoor Dining Open • Reservations Only

& Ice Cream Too!

900 Culver Ave., Utica • 315-765-0271 • Open Wed-Sat 4:30-8pm

1717 Route 8, Cassville (315) 839-5000

All staff wearing masks, please wear yours until seated. Visit www.willowsofutica.com

Open 7 Days a Week • Open 7am-8pm or later • Serving Breakfast til Noon

We can’t wait to see you again!

Canal House Hazel Mae’s Antiques Located in the Shoppes Multi-Dealer Shop

Specializing in antique furniture, glassware, jewelry, books, linens and so much more.

at Johnny Appleseeds 3402 Old State Rd, Erieville Rug Hooking • Punch Needle Wool • Supplies • Classes

6737 Route 20, Bouckville (315) 893-7737 Open Thursday-Sunday: 10-5

The Gallery Antiques at Pinebrick A multi-dealer shop specializing in advertising, petroliana, lamps, glass, furniture & quality smalls.

ANTIQUE GALLERY

6768 Route 20, Bouckville (315) 893-7676 Open Apr-Oct: 10-5 daily; Nov-Dec: 10-4 daily January-March: Friday, Saturday, Sunday: 10-4 www.depotantiquegallery.com

Our lovely gallery offers a full range of antiques, fine furniture, and vintage collectibles!

Victorian Rose

Painted and Repurposed Vintage & Antique Furniture

6831 Indian Opening Rd., Bouckville

Open Sat & Sun 10-4 (315) 893-7162

Vintage Antiques, Crafts & Collectibles Open Daily 10-5

315-893-1786 • 3371 Maple Ave., Bouckville www.victorianrosevintage.com

Whistle Post Antiques

Specializing in Lionel Trains Visit us! Handcrafted signs & decor We Buy & Sell!

June Show Custom orders available (315) 838-0144 (315) 893-7604 3rd-5th

6845 St. Rt. 20 Bouckville • Hours: Sat & Sun: 10-4 14

Look for our 1960s Texaco sign!

(315) 893-7752

6790 Rte 20, Bouckville

www.thegallerycoop.com

MADISON INN ANTIQUES FURNITURE • TOOLS BOOKS • COLLECTIBLES GLASS • PRIMITIVE Space Available Call: 315-335-1689

7417 St Rte 20 • Madison 315-893-7639 Open Thurs-Sun: 10-5

Little Little Falls Falls

Antique Center More than 50 vendors on 2 floors!

Antiques • Art • Crafts Open 6 days a week, 10-5, Closed Tues Handicapped-accessible • 315-823-4309 Thruway Exit 29A, 25 West Mill St., Little Falls www.littlefallsantiquecenter.com

Celebrate Spring!

Find a treasure for your pleasure!

Like us on Facebook!

Over 160 Vendor booths and display cases!

Also the home of...

All kinds of Unique Vendors under one roof. Artisans, Crafters, Antiques to Retro including Food Items.

Vendors Wanted

142 North Main St., Herkimer • 315-628-1506

Open Tues-Fri: 10-4:30, Sat: 10-4, Closed Sun & Mon www.mohawkvalleycommunitymarket.com • www.renewedandrescued.com

Enjoy the Spring!

We are loaded with lots of treasures.

Come in and find yours!

100 E. Main St., Mohawk (Thruway Exit 30)

(315) 219-5044 www.mohawkantiquesmall.com

MOHAWK ANTIQUES MALL

Not Your Average Auction House.

Call today for information on our appraisal & auction services.

(973) 984-6900

coins

Mon, Wed-Sat: 10-5, Sun: 11:30-4:30 Closed Tuesdays

antiques

jewelry

THE POTTING SHED ANTIQUES

ALL U.S. COINS WANTED

Buying and Selling Coins, Large Selection of Jewelry (gold, silver, costume), and Antiques. Buying scheduled by appointment.

Thurs & Fri 10-5, Sat 10-4, Closed Sun-Wed • www.thepottingshedantiques.com

315-736-5214

View our upcoming auctions online!

www.nyeandcompany.com

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showcase antiques

Join us online at www.nyeandcompany.com for our Discovery In The Backyard Online Only Auction on May 5th!

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Don & Nancy Hartman, 52 Oriskany Blvd., Whitesboro (Next to Kinney’s)

Weeden’ s Mini Mall

Loaded with Antiques, Vintage, Collectibles, & many unique items! Over 40 years in business!

Over 100 shops under one roof!

8056 Route 13, Blossvale (Located 4 miles North of Sylvan Beach) (315) 245-0458 • Open 10-5 every day • www.weedensminimall.com

MV NATURE

nature in may

Baltimore Oriole

story and photos by Matt Perry In May, the air becomes charged with the aspirations of thousands of returning songbirds. Some of them are ramping up for the local breeding season but most are eager to finish their migration journey to breeding grounds in the north. The dawn songbird chorus is infused with their music – all performed with peak passion and enthusiasm. The birds of May don their freshest and brightest plumage and appear as vivid as any earth-bound flower. Many of these birds are rarely, if ever, seen by people. They fly by night as self-propelled airmail, precious parcels of diversity from exotic lands. They quietly deliver themselves into the canopies of our temperate forestlands. There, they hide until morning light. So many of these birds remain a secret pleasure of a relative handful of eager birders.

They are the embodiment of a treasure that only the patient, committed eye can discern.

For those who partake of the birding discipline, experiencing a colorful warbler is like seeing magic incarnate – their blend of beauty, elegance, drive, and uniqueness is something we have the need to experience. Indeed, seeing these birds is akin to having a little piece of a tropical rainforest show up on your doorstep.

Nothing quite says paradise like the sights and sounds of these part-time tropical birds

(called neotropical songbirds).

The orioles, tanagers, thrushes, flycatchers, cuckoos, grosbeaks, warblers, and vireos almost all arrive during the month of May – most in the first half of the month. Suddenly, a forest that had enjoyed only a modest occupancy rate, is filled with patrons and revelers.

It can be compared to a popular hotel when there is a large convention in town; and, in a way, there is one – an insectivore convention.

The birds’ arrival is timed to exploit a food resource that traditionally explodes in May. This resource is insects – primarily foliage-eating Lepidoptera (moths). The caterpillars emerge as the new foliage unfurls and at a time when it’s most nutritious and digestible. To the birds, the fattening moth larvae comprise an all-youcan-eat buffet, and they will go about gleaning them from leaves and flowers as they make their way through the treetops. Their aim is to replenish the fat reserves exhausted by their marathon flights, and for many, to refuel for the next leg of their journey.

Of course, our goal is to see the birds while they are here. Some make it easy and stand out on open branches or on the tops of trees to belt out their breeding songs.

The Baltimore Oriole, Scarlet Tanager, and Rose-breasted Grosbeak are relatively good

about revealing themselves and can often be viewed by the armchair bird enthusiast. The grosbeak, oriole, and Indigo Bunting even have the good grace to visit bird feeders, and not just in May, but throughout their breeding season. The Tanager is no fan of seed or nectar feeders but may visit a backyard if there is enough forest cover. The Scarlet Tanager typically arrives in the Mohawk Valley around the second week of May. In our woods, I usually hear them before I see them. Their song is a kind of caroling phrase – not unlike that which a Robin produces. The male tanager is a brilliant scarlet bird with jet black wings and tail while the female is a greenish-yellow. She also has dark wings and tail and, while not so flamboyant, she’s an attractive bird in her own right. This beautiful species is one of the main impetuses for people taking up birding in the first place.

The warblers are sometimes referred to as the butterflies of the bird world. There are over 30 species that may come through our region during migration, and they are a colorful bunch. The Blackburnian Warbler with its orange flame throat; the Cape May Warbler

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with its black-streaked, yellow chest, and rufous face patch; the Black-throated Blue Warbler with its blue head and back, black face, and white wing patch; the Chestnut-sided Warbler with its chestnut sides, yellow cap, and black eyeline. There are so many others – all as distinctive and with colors and designs just as unique and/or lavish. One of my favorites and often one of the first to arrive in May is the Black and White Warbler. This species is entirely zebra-striped and looks like no other bird. Its behavior is different too as it prefers to creep up and down tree trunks and branches as it forages, as opposed to other warblers that glean their food from leaves in the tree canopy. The Black and White Warbler’s song is also unique. It is a seesawing whistle that sounds like a squeaking wheel. It’s in a relatively low pitch (for a warbler song) and tends to be easier for most people to hear.

Fortunately for us, many of the warblers and other neotropical songbirds remain in Central and Northern New York to breed and can be found throughout the summer. This is great news to those of us who wish to extend our experiences of them beyond migration time. The diversity of our nesting birds will be the subject of the June nature column. Until then, go into the wilds and enjoy the colorful May migrants. They are well worth the effort it takes to find them. •

Scarlet Tanager

Indigo Bunting

Cape May Warbler

Chestnut-sided Warbler

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Mohawk valley astronomical society

it’s showtime by carol higgins

As we make our way through each busy day, it is easy to take for granted or ignore things we routinely see. The Moon is a good example, a frequent sight in the day and night sky. This month on the night of May 15-16, our nearest neighbor in space is putting on quite a show. We will see the Moon’s bright white and silver-colored surface slowly turn various shades of orange and eventually a beautiful rusty red during a total lunar eclipse!

Our Moon shines because sunlight reflects off of its surface. A total lunar eclipse occurs every 2.5 years when the Sun, Earth, and Moon form a straight line and Earth is positioned between the Sun and Moon. Our planet blocks most of the sunlight and casts two shadows.

The outer one is the “penumbra” and as the Moon’s orbit takes it into that region there is some slight surface dimming but is difficult to see.

The second is the “umbra”, the inner conical-shaped shadow. When the Moon reaches the edge of the umbra, a partial eclipse begins. Its surface colors start to change and a view of Earth’s shadow appears. As the Moon travels farther in, the colors increase as the shadow covers more and more of the surface. When it is entirely inside the umbra cone, a phase called “totality” is underway and the deepest orange-red color appears. Over time the edge of the Moon emerges from

the shadow, signaling the end of totality and eventuTotal Lunar Eclipse occurs May 15th al brightening.

Image credit: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio Are you wondering why the Moon looks red?

During an eclipse, our own planet’s at- in direct sunlight averages 250° Fahrmosphere filters and refracts (bends) enheit. We also discovered that during wavelengths of sunlight. That altered an eclipse as Earth’s shadow begins to sunlight contains the colors that are de- shade the surface, the temperature drops Hanny’s Voorwerp.

ImageatCredit: W. Keel,dramatically Galaxy Zoo Team livered to the lunar surface. Atmospheric slightly firstNASA, but ESA, changes dust and clouds, along with things like as the shadow sweeps across the surface. ash from an erupting volcano or for- Because the Moon only has a very thin est fire smoke, also impact the colors atmosphere called an exosphere, there is and brightness we see. The more dust, nothing to moderate the temperature so debris, and clouds that are present, the it can drop a whopping 500° Fahrenheit deeper the red color. altogether at the height of totality. InforOn the night of May 15, there will be mation from LRO continues to help NAa Full Moon, a requirement for total lu- SA’s Artemis program planners prepare nar eclipses. In the Mohawk Valley, the for future crewed missions to the Moon. entire eclipse from start to finish lasts 5 So, get ready for the exciting May hours and 19 minutes, while the length 15 total lunar eclipse. The Moon is safe of the totality phase is 1 hour and 25 to view with just your eyes and through minutes. The Moon enters the penum- binoculars and telescopes. And don’t bra at 9:32 p.m. then the partial eclipse forget your camera, the different phases begins at 10:28 p.m. Totality starts at make interesting photos.

11:29 p.m. and ends at 12:54 a.m., then Wishing you clear skies! • the partial eclipse ends at 1:55 a.m. The entire eclipse is complete at 2:50 a.m.

Join MVAS on May 28 when it exits the penumbra.

NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance from 8:45pm to midnight Orbiter (LRO) launched to study the for our free stargazing event at Moon in 2009, carrying seven scientific New Hartford Sherrill Brook Park, instruments including one to precisely Rte 12 S, New Hartford NY measure surface and subsurface temSee www.mvas-ny.org for info peratures. We have learned the surface

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mohawk valley Gardens & recipes

Romanesco: Broccoli or Cauliflower or neither? by denise A. Szarek They may all be leafy greens with a bud of crunchy florets, but Romanesco, cauliflower, and broccoli are not one and the same. If you’re looking to switch up your normal rotation of veggies or just want to know what exactly it is that you’re staring at in the produce aisle, we’ve carefully delineated the differences between these three cruciferous beauties. If you’ve not gotten around to trying all three out, we think that now is the time.

Even though they’re all part of the same family of vegetables and thus have similar qualities, these three tree-like produce items have subtle differences that make a difference in the context of what you’re cooking. It’s time we set the record straight on what’s what. Even though they are all members of the family Brassica oleracea, these leafy greens vary in taste, texture, and ideal preparation methods. So next time you’re headed to the produce aisle for a healthy fix of crunchy cruciferous veggies, make sure you know what you’re signing up for with each of these foods.

Romanesco Cauliflower or Romanesco Broccoli, depending on where you are. Confusing, right? Its coloration falls somewhere in the middle of broccoli and cauliflower, but what sets it apart from the others is its unique texture. Its spiky yet symmetrical shape makes for a fun palatal eating experience. Similar to broccoli, Romanesco can be a served raw on an hors-d’œuvre platter, simply steamed as a side dish, or even roasted on a sheet pan. Expect a slightly earthier flavor as compared to broccoli.

Cauliflower and broccoli, which you’re probably much better acquainted with, share additional differences other than the fact that the former is white and the latter is green. Cauliflower florets are packed much tighter, and the stems are often much firmer and less fibrous than that of broccoli. Like other hearty leafy greens, they’re best roasted,

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steamed, or shaved raw in salads. Cauliflower lends itself well to being pureed and mashed into a smooth velvety texture, whereas broccoli’s texture and stronger, more cabbage-like flavor do not make it the best for mashing. They all have florets and loosely look like the shape of small trees, but these are all very different vegetables that offer varying nutrients, flavors, and textures. So if you enjoy any of these vegetables, venture out and try the others.

The Romanesco has been grown in Italy since the 16th century.

Though it isn’t a common vegetable found here, it does pop up here and there at greengrocers and outdoor markets in the fall. Romanesco is rich in vitamin C, vitamin K, dietary fiber, and carotenoids, so it is a wonderful vegetable to enjoy during the cooler months as a veggie side dish for any roasted or grilled meat and poultry main course. Since this vegetable has such a delicate flavor, I like to cook it simply and flavor it with just a little garlic, chili pepper, and lemon.

Like its more well-known relative broccoli, what we call Romanesco is actually the edible flowering head of the larger plant itself. The edible head of cauliflower, on the other hand, is not the plant’s flower. But unlike both of its close relatives, Romanesco’s flowering head grows in a naturally occurring fractal.

Fractals are geometric curves that repeat themselves at a progressively smaller and smaller scale, even as each piece maintains the same form as the whole.

Romanesco’s season is short. It is only grown in a few parts of the world including Italy and the eastern United States.

Be sure to grab some if you are fortunate enough to come across the at the grocery or farmers’ market. You will typically see them in late summer or, if there is a second harvest, early winter. A better way to ensure you get to enjoy this delight is to grow your own. •

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MVL RECIPES

Romanesco, Cavatelli & Sausage

By Denise Szarek

2 – 13-oz. packages of frozen cavatelli or 1 lb. short fat pasta, such as rigatoni 2 bunches romanesco broccoli 1 lb sweet Italian sausage, boiled for approximately 15 minutes, then sliced into 1/4″ slices 1/4 C. olive oil 1/2 C. white wine 1/2 C. chicken broth salt and pepper to taste 1/2 C. Seasoned breadcrumbs pecorino romano for sprinkling salt and pepper to taste

Cut the Romanesco broccoli into small florets, boil in plenty of salted water, drain and set aside.

In a broad skillet on low heat, using half the olive oil, brown garlic slightly with sausage slices. After about 5 minutes, add in Romanesco broccoli and turn heat to high.

Add in wine and reduce for a minute. Add broth and simmer on low for about 5 minutes.

Boil pasta and when it’s about a minute shy of done, add it to the skillet, along with 1/2 cup pasta cooking water.

Top with breadcrumbs, drizzle with remaining olive oil and serve with plenty of grated pecorino. Enjoy!

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mv crossword

May Crossword

All answers found in the pages of this magazine!

Solution will appear in next month’s issue

Across 2. What the dish ran away with.

3. An often mispronounced Greek food that comes from the Greek word for ‘circle’ or ‘turn.’

5. What this is, and what Gary likes to work on when he’s not hiking.

7. Many early New York State resorts were built around these “water cures” (2 words) 9. Great “eared” owl. See “In Search of Owls”.

11. National flower of Ukraine.

13. The tractor in Suzie’s article. (2 words) Down 1. NASA’s experimental helicopter on Mars.

2. Peggy returns this month and uses this technique to walk on ice, the North Country “____.”

4. Sounds you might hear coming from a pen.

6. The part of the forest beneath the canopy. See “April in Nature”.

8. One of the antique shops participating in the Madison-Bouckville “Shop Hop” last month.

We’ll give you this one: GINGHAM 9. Though no longer on a hill, still the place for Mahindra Tractors. See page 37 May (this) issue.

10. One of the ADK mountain climbing challenges Gary likes to take on: Fire ___ Challenge.

12. Richard Enders’ teachers were also these.

Though we were flattered that many readers assumed last month’s puzzle was an April Fool’s joke, it was not, the ‘Down” clues were incorrect. Please reference the April 2022 articles to solve the clues. If you don’t have one in hand, the issue is also available online. We will draw 2 winners from all correct entires. So sorry for the error and thank you to everyone who tried to solve the puzzle despite the error.

MVL Crossword Puzzler: Did you know the Great New York State Fair was sometimes held in Utica in the late 1800s? So that would make chicken riggies, tomato pie, and greens: ____ ____ Unscramble the letters in the yellow boxes then email your answer to: mohawkvalleyliving@hotmail.com by the 18th of this month. You’ll be entered to win an MVL Mug and a bag of delicious, fresh-roasted FoJo Beans coffee!

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In 1974, Tim and Peggy Spencer Behrendt set off on an adventure. They began a new life in the woods of Cold Brook, NY, without modern conveniences like electricity or indoor plumbing. These are excerpts and reflections from Peggy’s journal chronicling their adventures and also her childhood memories growing up in Westmoreland.

I inherited my mother’s love of flower gardening. She had great patches of them throughout her yard, around the house and barns, intermingled with giant ferns and bushes of many luscious textures. She tolerated an annual bout of blisters from the ubiquitous poison ivy which skulked about and managed to keep the bishops weed from its inevitable take-over through hand-weeding. In her last years, when pain accompanied all her physical activities, she persisted in personally tending her precious flower beds, resting when it hurt too much, but always returning. The prospect of limited time did not daunt her, either. She was planting Sycamore trees in her yard in her late eighties.

In winter, she continued to make gardens by incorporating floral patterns in her homemade quilts and crafts.

When her children were still home, we’d be recruited to help. We painted shutters, moved rocks for garden walls and patio, and pulled out the lawn furniture and ornaments which she was so happy to see after a long winter. Naturally, we’d rather be swinging from the old maple tree, riding bikes, exploring the fields and woods, or playing with the neighbor kids, but

it was meaningful work, preparing us for our own homesteads.

In my first years of homesteading I focused on cultivating food crops, loving not only the economic, healthy, and sumptuous flavor of home-grown fruits and vegetables, but the inestimable delight of textures, colors, and patterns they create in the garden.

But the magnetism of flowers has grown in me. I delight in the host of daffodils blooming all over our garden and flower beds every May knowing that consequently, we must tolerate many weeks of viewing raggedy leaf stems, which are necessary to replenish and reproduce the bulbs for next year’s display. More and more perennials and flowering bushes have been added – some have failed, some have flourished, but the pleasure of trying is unceasing.

Aren’t we lucky to have so many wonderful plant nurseries available throughout our region to visit, learn and discover new possibilities?

We also delight in wildflowers, leaves, and seeds. On walks and bike rides in May, we sometimes pass through little blizzards of white down from trees or dandelions. The aspen catkins gather along the side of our dirt road and gradually expand until they look like fluffy snowdrifts. As the delicate spring display of lacy white shadberry tree blossoms in our region begin to fade, perfume from wild apple blos-

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Peg’s mother, Betty. Her stuffed animal was discarded in favor of fresh flowers for this picture, a love that extended for 90 years soms beguiles our senses while they open into a candy store of pink and white. Meanwhile, butter yellow cowslips add glamour to moist meadows with bouquets of soft pussy-willows framing them.

In 1860, Henry David Thoreau wrote, as published in “Faith In A Seed” 1993, edited by Bradley P. Dean: “… the smallest of our willows…are soon thickly covered with cotton, like hoary wands, containing little green seeds like excrements of

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Celebrating 83 Years & 4 Generations!

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Photo: Brittany Lesavoy Smith

Summer Opening Event Saturday, May 28th, 10am - 5 pm

Join us as we kick-off the summer season at the studio!

Browse our signature collection of pottery, enjoy wheel throwing demonstrations, and learn about classes and workshops taking place this summer season.

Meet guest ceramic artist Jim Burke (alison-burke.com/burkepottery.com/) and shop his selection of functional stoneware pottery.

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29

Tim bikes past a marsh meadow of cowslips framed by pussy willows

caterpillars.” ​“I noticed the air as high as the roofs full of some kind of down, which at first, I mistook for feathers or lint from some chamber. It rose and fell just like a flight of ephemerae, or like huge, white dancing motes…The shopkeepers stood in their doorways wondering what it could be. This was white-willow down which the rain had loosened, and the succeeding slight breeze set a-going, bearing its minute blackish seed in its midst. I traced it to its source in a large willow.” ​I wrote in last year’s May diary: ​A PERFECT day! Warm, breezy. Evening bike ride to the first singing of young leaves playing in warm breezes. A blue jay calls, sounding like a phone app. Then the meadows open and we

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hear strains of a bubbling babbling bobolink like a musical, avian brook. Apple tree blossoms drip white petals into the winds to dance through the grasses. “How green was my valley,” wrote Richard Llewellyn. How green is our world this day! We pick a small bouquet of lilac blossoms from bushes descended from plantings by farmsteaders over a hundred years ago and bring them home to adorn the cobalt blue vase given to us for a wedding we did for dear friends many years ago. There is such depth of meaning everywhere we go and in everything we do. ​ There is a trending concept I read about recently called “Forest Bathing”. This doesn’t refer to water immersion, it’s a way to cleanse your consciousness through time in nature. Some studies have indicated that even a brief walk through a park or any trail in nature can help lift one out of an emotional slump or catharsis. I think it’s true. When I guide a walk here at Shawangunk, I encourage my guests to limit their conversations to what they are observing on our walk. It’s a gentle way to bring one’s focus to the present moment, let the noise of worrisome thoughts about past and present recede and offer some mental/emotional rest.

And if walking is out of the question, just some time sitting in one’s yard, or observing the patterns of sunlight and

shadow on leaves fluttering on the tree outside your window could give the same effect.

Tim writes; “What a stirring sight in springtime: tender limbs high in trees, their peeking buds windtossed and sunward concerned. With color so pastel that I scarcely can see where they end and powder blue of universe begins, they speak to my heart. They say that to grow nearer to that which brings light and life, is to find your own existence so touched.”

We have two lovely trails at Shawangunk, always open to the public. The River Trail begins at the end of Shawangunk Rd. where there is ample parking space.

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June 3rd, 4th, & 5th, 2022

More than a festival! A tradition since 1927!

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past the Trail Head after signing in, you’ll experience a very easy, peaceful woodland walk along the old roadbed for a half-mile until it reaches Black Creek with a picnic bench and canoes available to borrow. (You must make arrangements for borrowing them by calling us.) If you’re able to navigate rougher terrain, continue to the right, following the creek upstream through the woods on a more challenging trail with many ups and downs through little ravines, but with some lovely views of the creek. This extends perhaps another mile before coming back to Shawangunk Road.

The Three Pond Trail begins at the junction of Pardeeville Rd and Sunset Lodge Rd. This trail follows the route of three beaver ponds along a half-mile route with intimate views

of the ponds and benches to rest on along the way. Beaver activity, great blue herons, geese, ducks, and loads of frogs are commonly seen.

Waterproof footwear is recommended for all our trails. • The Shawangunk Nature Preserve is resuming workshops and will offer these in May. You can reach us at 315-826-7405.

Saturday, May 6 from 1 – 2pm. Historian, Janice Reilly will share her knowledge and resources for genealogy and general historical research in Oneida County. We will meet at Whispering Pines Lodge, 217 Shawangunk Rd., Cold Brook.

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the writings of richard D. enders

Conversations With my Father By richard enders (1941-2021)

EXCERPT FROM PATENT PENDING – CONVERSATIONS WITH MY FATHER

chapter 5

Sister Marie James gave me my first taste of the limelight. In the staged version, grammar-school style, of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer .

Grandma Moran died the week before the production and on opening night, Sister Marie James found me in a narrow backstage passageway where I had gone off by myself, a fourth grader alone in the backstage darkness.

“Richard, your grandma’s with you tonight. Make her smile.”

Remember the scene where Tom meets the new prettily dressed “citified” kid for the first time? To whom Tom’s first words were: Tom: ‘I can lick you!’

Other boy: ‘I’d like to see you try it.’

Tom: ‘Well, I can do it.’

Other boy: ‘No, you can’t, either.’

Tom: ‘Yes, I can.’

Other boy: ‘No, you can’t.’

Tom: ‘I can.’

Other boy: ‘You can’t.’

Tom: ‘Can!’ Other boy: ‘Can’t!

Tom: ‘What’s your name?’

Other boy: ‘Tisn’t any of your business, maybe.’

Tom: ‘Well, I ‘low I’ll make it my business.’

Other boy: ‘Well, why don’t you?’

Tom: ‘If you say much, I will.’

Other boy: ‘Much - much - much. There now.’

Tom and the citified kid wrestled on the ground, with the citified kid being pinned and finally giving in, tearfully saying “’nuff” and running off. But getting a few verbal barbs, and a hurled stone, at Tom Sawyer in the process.

My stage tears that night were real, dad. Partly because my grandma, my soulmate, was

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gone. And partly because I wasn’t sure why Sister Marie James cast me as the sissy. Was it because she thought I was one? Or was it because she knew I was the best actor in the class and would get the job done? Or am I reading too much into it? Life’s full of mixed messages anyway and hadn’t she pulled me through the fever and always made me feel important? Maybe she knew that the laughter and the applause...and the tears that night would set something in motion that would be with me the rest of my life. And, besides, it was Tom who got in trouble over the whole thing with his aunt, not me. And that business about giving in with “’Nuff!” - well, I was a victim of circumstances, a life lesson in itself.

Smart woman. That Sister Marie James.

There are a lot of things I never told you. Did you know that every Friday, the nuns would march us to church for the the baring of

our souls to God? Confession. Preceded by moments of kneeling and quiet reflection, as much as we could kneel and reflect quietly.

(Kneels, resting his buttocks on his heels) “Richard, don’t slouch when you’re talking to God.” (Quickly straightens himself up so that he is kneeling upright.)

Written questions were provided in little black prayer books under a chapter entitled “Examination of Conscience.” Sort of like a weekly Regents exam. I found an old prayer book and these are genuine. Word for word. No “thinking” what they might have been.

Number one. This must have been written by a lawyer. It got you right out of the gate.

Quote. “Did you intentionally conceal a mortal sin in your last confession?” •

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THE OFFICIAL TRACTOR OF SPRING SAVINGS

In early February, we had a sheep give birth to two lambs, one female and one male. As is my practice, I placed the new babies and their mum in a special pen with lots of clean bedding, food, and fresh water. Mum was doting on both babies and doing all the things a good mother should be doing—or so I thought!

Over the next 24 hours, I checked on them regularly, refreshing mum’s water and bringing more food as needed. In my busy, semi-distracted state, I mistakenly thought that both babies were being lovingly attended to.

The next morning, mum and her baby girl were doing very well, but the newborn male was weak and very cold. He clearly had not been feeding and I had missed it. He had exhausted all of his energy reserves, and now had an internal body temperature around 90° and was unable to lift his head. He looked like a goner. With no one to blame but myself, I scooped him up and brought him into the house.

As much as I try to avoid this type of situation, it does happen from time to time. And over the years, I’ve learned when they are too far gone to save. But something about this little guy’s plaintive cry told me that he wasn’t giving up, so neither did I. The best way to warm a chilled lamb (or baby goat) is in the kitchen sink, in a bath of warm water with plenty of rubbing to stimulate circulation. It is not unlike thawing out a frozen roast, taking lots of time and patience. We have a large farmhouse sink that has seen its fair share of baby animals over the years. I refreshed the bath with more warm water as needed, and kept the little fellow’s head elevated as I worked to raise his internal temperature over the next hour or more.

When he had warmed up a bit, I dried him using an old bath towel and a hair dryer. I snaked a tube down to his stomach and gave him a small amount of energy replacer and electrolytes.

The key to saving a chilled baby is getting its in-

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ternal temperature to near normal (101-102F) before introducing milk. Patience and luck both play key roles. A few hours after finding him in his sad state, I was tubing a few ounces of milk into the little one and hoping for the best.

Now, several months later, little “Lazarus” (as I like to call him) has grown to be quite the handsome young ram and follows me wherever I go. He recognizes me as his mother, of course!

I bring this all up because Mother’s Day is a wonderful time to celebrate mothers of all stripes. Sometimes, they’re not biological mothers at all, but rather friends, coaches, teachers, and neighbors who serve as role models and caregivers. These often-unsung heroes among us can have a small but powerful impact, sometimes delivering assistance or guidance at an especially critical time in a young person’s life.

Teachers and school staff, for example, recognize when a student is falling behind or needs encouragement to rise to a challenge. Much like my role as shepherd of our farm’s flock, educators and coaches have to keep careful watch over their students and recognize when someone needs help or special attention. While this is nothing new per se, it is a large and sometimes exhausting (if not discouraging) part of their job. When they have too much on their plates, they too can miss important signals. (Honestly, do not get me started on teacher salaries!)

It is also a good time to remember that as adults we have the opportunity (and I would argue, the imperative) to have a positive impact on kids’ lives when we can. This may take the form of volunteering, joining the PTA, or even running for the local school board.

But it can be even simpler than that. Our online or in-person behaviors and political discourse are seen and heard by children every day, whether we realize it or not. Raising our standards and expectations of community and civil communication demonstrates to our children that we care about one another and our “flock.”

Like that little lamb who needed swift attention at a crucial moment and is now thriving, there are kids in our communities that need to see positive role modeling. I truly believe each of us can contribute, mothers or not! •

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4/18/22 8:17 PM

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Deer use mock grooming as communications

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The Secret Lives of Deer part one by matt perry

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The saying “familiarity breeds contempt” is an apt description of some people’s attitude towards the most prevalent co-inhabitants of our local environment. Indeed, White-tailed Deer are considered pests by many and anything about their behavior is deemed either bad news or irrelevant. There have been a plethora of studies done on them, but few cover their behavior outside of the breeding season.

In other words, how the species interacts with each other and how it behaves in its environment for most of the year is considered of little importance. I have never conducted a formal study of deer behavior. However, over the last quarter-century, I have observed the species closely and have found their behavior to be intriguing and surprisingly complex.

Most interesting to me was learning about the three different methods deer use to communicate with each other. These methods are: 1) Body language – gesturing and posturing; 2) Scent – chemicals secreted from various glands; 3) Sounds – both vocal and non-vocal.

Early on, I noted how deer employ gestures to communicate. It is their own kind of semaphore.

Most people are familiar with deer flagging their tails. This refers to the deer’s habit of erecting its tail when alarmed. It is indeed a dramatic signal, and one visible at great distances. The pure white tail can be over a foot long as it extends at a right angle from the line of the animal’s back. At the same time, the deer flags its tail, it also flares its tail hairs, making the appendage look even larger.

The tail bobs up and down and waves side to side as the deer gallops. This waving motion, coupled with the deer’s zigzagging bounds, acts to confuse a predator. The deer has endurance and can main-

tain its top speed longer than most predators, and that means healthy individuals stand a good chance of making their escape. Most of us have seen deer in the process of becoming alarmed. They may be standing in a field with their attention focused on a potential threat. While they assess, their tail slowly levers up – first to half-mast and then to full mast.

When they deem a threat is valid, they bound off with tails at full mast. Flagging the tail is done more by females (does) than males (bucks). This is likely due to the matriarchal obligation of females to look after their young. But obviously, their alarm signals are conveyed to all within view.

The deer’s tail does not serve only as an alarm signal. Wagging and flicking the flaccid tail is done when no danger is detected. They may casually wag their tails when feeding together or when approaching members of their group or clique. Tail wagging may sometimes be a sign of submission given by a deer of lower rank to a more dominant individual. A content deer or unworried deer may do some quick tail wags or flicks as it approaches its comrades or even as it feeds alone. Tail flicking is also done as a reaction to insect pests – primarily flies and mosquitoes. In conjunction with the other body gestures described below, the tail is used to react to gestures made by other deer. The opposite of tail flagging is tail tucking. This is when a deer tucks its tail in and holds it flush against its backside. This can signal cautiousness or, when in the company of other deer, it can be used to show submission to one of higher rank.

Deer gestures are not just made to other deer.

Head nods, head shakes, bows, mock grooming, mock feeding, foot-stomping, walking with a stiff

An adult male deer (Buck)

gait, and eye contact comprise the set of deer gestures that one is most likely to see; and these gestures are employed in a variety of situations. Typically, when a deer sees a person, large animal, or sometimes even another deer, they will perform one of these gestures and then watch for a response.

Depending on the response they will react either by flagging their tail and running off or by continuing the “conversation” with more gestures. If their gestures are countered with non-aggressive responses, then the animal may remain at ease and continue its activities. The lack of any gesturing back is usually interpreted as a threat and the deer’s response will most often be flight.

White-tailed Deer are great believers in bowing.

They regularly bow to other animals or people to determine if they represent a threat. If a person halts their advance and bows back to the deer, that may initiate a series of gestures. These gestures include

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mock grooming. The deer will turn to the side and groom its upper flank. It will then turn back to look at the intruder to gauge its response. The side-groom may last only a few seconds, or it may be longer.

A mock-feeding gesture may follow, in which the deer bends its head down and simulates feeding, sometimes while maintaining eye contact. This gesture also lasts only a few seconds, after which the animal stands erect again and peers at the intruder to gauge response. If the gesture is reciprocated or if another non-threatening gesture is signaled back, the deer may resume its activities and stand down from the red alert. During encounters like this, the deer’s tail may signal its anxiety level. Mimicking the deer’s tail twitch with a hand is another gesture a person can do to put a deer at ease. However, deer are never completely at ease and will continually reassess their situation vis-a-vis an intruder.

Head gestures are also used frequently by deer.

A shallow, relatively quick head bow or nod is used similarly to the full bow. Again, the deer is attempting to gauge the threat level of an approaching stranger or the mood of a known entity. Some deer will also do a quick head flick to the side which resembles a person’s hand gesture when they are trying to get someone to come over. Interestingly, it is occasionally used to get another deer to follow but primarily it is yet another gesture used to gauge the threat of another animal or person.

Although the foot stomp is the main way deer use to bluster or threaten other animals or people, they use another set of gestures to pull rank over each other. When a deer lowers its head and puts its ears back, and otherwise looks like it’s about

to butt another deer with its head, it is exerting its dominance. This usually takes place between does at communal feeding areas. Does never follow through with a head butt. However, if the other deer doesn’t retreat or break eye contact, she may rear up and strike the other animal with her front hooves.

When she comes down on the animal’s back, you can hear an audible thud. Usually, when this is done the chastised deer backs off. However, occasionally they don’t, and the challenge is met. This can result in both deer standing on their hind legs and rapidly kicking at the air. In most cases, such altercations are short-lived and do not result in physical contact or injury. Back thumping may take place within a clique on a semi-regular basis, and it helps to reinforce the hierarchy within the group. Interestingly, a pair that squabbled and thumped each other may be grooming each other only minutes later. Indeed, there is far more affection and comradery expressed between deer than animosity. Adversarial behavior shows up almost exclusively in feeding situations and when food supplies are limited – primarily in winter. Even then, it is not always the case that the pecking order is enforced. Often, with a group of does, fawns within the group are given special deference and allowed to feed even when the food supply is limited.

Deer do a lot of posturing with each other.

Certain postures convey threats or submission and help to establish and/or maintain rankings within a group. Standing with head held high and making direct eye contact with other group members is a sign of dominance. Holding one’s head low, back high, and avoiding eye contact is a sign of subservience.

A slow, stiff-legged strut with a head held high is something a dominant member will do, while lowranked individuals tend to scurry; they adopt a rapid gait and hold their heads down.

Deer are hyper-aware animals which is what you would expect from a prey species. The deer’s instinct is not to trust anything new that enters their sphere. Whether it’s another deer moving up a distant hedgerow or a person, they will give it their full attention. They will stand erect and statue-like, with their heads pointed towards the object. They will keep their eyes wide, and their ears cupped and focused. They will also smell the air. The deer will then decide whether flight or standing their ground is warranted. Sometimes only one deer in a group will focus on a suspicious object while the others feed. The one, often an older member, acts as a sentry, and it may at some point signal to its comrades that it’s time to flee.

Recently I was working in a field, and I had left my backpack about one hundred feet up the trail. I then watched my familiar clique of does react to it.

They immediately knew that it didn’t belong there and were highly suspicious of it. Deer also have a remarkable amount of curiosity, which is somewhat unexpected from an animal so inherently skittish.

They regularly investigate new things in their otherwise familiar environment. Inanimate objects (like my backpack) are often approached with an abundance of caution. Trail cameras are sometimes approached as if they were living things. I’ve captured several absurd interactions between deer and trail cameras. More than one featured a deer trying to solicit a bow from the camera just before pushing

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& Flower Farm 315-790-0969

A Doe sentry is alert to movement in the hedge its nose directly into the lens. In another incident, a doe repeatedly stomped her foot at the camera before deciding it was something worthy of retreating from.

Carcasses of deer are also approached with caution and with what almost appears as an air of respect. Bodies of fallen comrades (or strangers) cause unease in the group. However, interestingly, they are not avoided and may even receive semi-regular visits by the same group. When approaching a carcass, they typically maintain a few feet of distance while they crane their necks and test the air. Although they peer at carcasses, they do not gesture to them.

When one deer in a group walks off (and is not chased off by an individual of higher rank) there is a strong tendency for the others to follow. It doesn’t seem to matter the rank of the deer leaving or what may have caused it to depart. Just the sight of one in the group moving off with apparent purpose is a compelling enough reason for the entire group to do the same thing. Likewise, when an alarmed deer with its tail at full mast runs off, the entire group follows – usually all fleeing in the same direction. Again, it doesn’t matter the rank of the individual that signals the retreat. What constitutes a good reason for one to leave, is reason enough for all. This means that a group of deer is only as brave as their most skittish member.

The group dynamics of deer is surprisingly complicated, and it varies greatly through the course of the year. In winter, we see the largest gatherings as many small cliques join together into herds. This behavior is often referred to as “yarding”. Deer do this for the same reason birds form flocks – for safety, and to better take advantage of shelter and food resources. Individuals in a herd benefit from the combined knowledge of their members. They share each other’s knowledge of the land and where food, water, and shelter are, and where lies danger. It’s a fact that there is safety in numbers; a herd possesses a great number of ears and eyes that are all alert to potential threats in the environment. Also, an individual’s chance of survival greatly increases when he is part of a group. When alone, he would be the sole target of an active predator. However, when in a group, an individual is only one of many potential targets. The makeup of the larger herds tends to be fluid with smaller cliques moving in and out at will. They may disband and reconvene several times during a twenty-four-hour period. • Look for part 2 of this article in the June issue of Mohawk Valley Living Magazine.

Matt Perry is Conservation Director and Resident Naturalist at Spring Farm CARES in Clinton. He manages a 260 acre nature preserve which is open for tours by appointment. His nature videos and photos can be found on the Spring Farm CARES’ Nature Sanctuary Facebook page.

. U- Pick Lavender and Cut Flowers . Hand Crafted Products and Farm Store . Classes & Events . Goat Yoga www.springcreeklavenderny.com . NEW! - Butterfly House *Check website for bloom dates

8879 Trenton Falls Prospect Rd, Remsen NY 13438

“We’ll Take Care Of You”

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may

GALLERY GUIDE

Detail from “Spring Bouquet” by Chritine Tisa. Her work is on display this month at The Other Side in Utica

Drawn from Life: Three Generations of Wyeth Figure Studies May 7–September 5, 2022

Black Wash Background, Torso, Nureyev, (Study #14), 1977 Jamie Wyeth Mixed media, pencil, and wash on paper Brandywine Museum of Art, Purchased with funds given in memory of Dr. Margaret I. Handy, 1980

3 Exhibits: 31st Annual Regional Juried Art, Mimi George Solo Show, and Leatherstocking Brush & Palette Club (closes June 8th) May 20 - June 22 • Reception: Friday, May 20, 5-7pm Cooperstown Art Association

Main St., Cooperstown, NY • (607) 547-9777 • www.cooperstownart.com

Exhibit focuses on N.C., Andrew, and Jamie Wyeth’s figurative studio and academic studies and provides a snapshot of young artists mastering the figure.

Fenimore Art Museum 5798 Hwy 80, Cooperstown, NY (607) 547-1400 fenimoreartmuseum.org

Current Circumstances Paintings by John Fitzsimmons Through May 31, 2022

Paintings by Micheal Landau

New works and recent figurative works.

MV Center for the Arts

May 3–28, 2022 Fusion Art Gallery

401 Canal Place, Little Falls, NY Open: Thurs-Sat, 12-4 (315) 823-0808 www.mohawkvalleyarts.org

8584 Turin Road, Rome, NY (315) 338-5712 photoshoppeofrome.com

eflections Full Moon R Art Center et 80 Main Stre 13316 Camden, NY 9 (315)820-426

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Cam ART CEN TdeEn, R NY 133 16 (3 1 5)820-4 80 Main St. Camden 269

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43

European Masterworks From The Permanent Collection Through June 9, 2022 Included are artworks by Kandinsky, Mondrian, Picasso, Dali, and many others.

MWPAI

310 Genesee Street, Utica, NY (315) 797-0000 www.mwpai.org

Twilight Sessions , Art by Christine Tisa

May 6–June 25 • Reception: Friday, May 6, 5-7pm

The Other Side

2011 Genesee St., Utica, NY • www.theothersideutica.org Hours: Thurs: 12-3pm, Sat: 12-3pm or by appointment, masks required

In the Same World, work by artists Mark LaRiviere and Catherine Ramey,

Central Adirondack Art Show

May 7–June 12, 2022 Reception, Sat. May 7, 3-6pm

Through June 5, 2022

View

1053 Main Street Gallery

3273 Rt. 28, Old Forge, NY (315) 369-6411 www.viewarts.org

1053 Main St, Fleischmanns, NY www.1053maingallery.com

Take an art gallery

road trip to the Catskills!

Having an art opening? Let us know for a free listing in our monthly guide! Email: mohawkvalleyliving@hotmail.com

MON-FRI 9AM - 6PM SATURDAY 9AM - 6PM SUNDAY 10:30AM - 4PM 38 New Hartford Shopping Center | New Hartford, NY 1707 Oriskany Street West | Utica, NY (315) 724-4998 | www.peterscornucopia.com

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Advertiser Directory please support Our sponsors, they make this magazine possible Antiques Antiques & Art Westmoreland . . . . . . . . .

Attic Addicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Back of the Barn Antiques . . . . . . .

Bear Path Antiques . . . . . . . . . . .

Black Cat Antiques . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Broad Street Flea Market . . . . . . .

The Bull Farm Antiques . . . . . . . . . .

Canal House Antiques . . . . . . .

The Depot Antiques . . . . . . . . . . .

The Gallery Antiques at Pinebrick . . . . . .

Little Falls Antique Center . . . . . . .

Madison Inn Antiques . . . . . . . .

Mohawk Antiques Mall . . . . . . .

Mohawk Valley Community Market . . .

The Potting Shed Antiques . . . . . . .

Showcase Antiques, . . . . . . . . .

Valandrea’s Venture . . . . . . . . .

Victorian Rose . . . . . . . . . . .

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Whistle Post Antiques . . . . . . . .

15 15 15 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 16 14 16 16 16 16 14 14 16 14

Antique Auctioneers Nye & Company Auctioneers . . . . . . . . 16 Apartments New Burton

Homestead

Art Galleries/Museums Full Moon Reflections Fusion Art Gallery . . .

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Art and Custom Framing Fusion Art Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Yorkville Framing & Art Gallery . . . . . 43 Art and Pottery Classes Azure Arts Pottery . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Artisans Janice Wnuk, Garden Mentor . . . . . . . 29 Auto Dealerships Steet-Ponte Auto Group . . . . . . . . . 47 Automotive Repair and Towing Clinton Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Bakeries and Pastry Shops Caruso’s Pastry Shoppe . . . . . . . .

Karam’s Middle East Bakery . . . . .

Ramon’s Bakery . . . . . . . . . . .

18 12 12

Bike Shops Dick’s Wheel Shop . . . . . . . . . . 24 Books Berry Hill Book Shop. . . . . . . . . 33 Treehouse Reading Room . . . . . . . . 21 Cabinets and Kitchens Custom Woodcraft . . . .

Knotty By Nature . . . .

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Candy So Sweet Candy Shoppe, Utica . . . . . . . 8

Delis Deansboro Superette . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Meelen’s Meat Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Diners Charlie’s Place . . .

Riverside Diner . .

Sheri’s Eastside Diner Wendy’s Diner . . .

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11 13 13 13

Dog Sitting Barney’s Angels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Doors, Residential & Commercial JM Door Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Excavation Yanuk Excavating . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Employment Opportunities Collins Aerospace . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Estate Sales Attic Addicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 The Potting Shed Antiques . . . . . . . . . . 16 Events, Entertainment, and Activities CNY Fiber Arts Festival . . . . . . . . 29 Farmers’ Museum . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Fenimore Art Museum . . . . . . . . . . 5 Fort Rickey Discovery Zoo . . . . . . . . 26 Goodsell Museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Rediscover Sharon Springs . . . . . . . . 23 Rolling Antiquer’s Old Car Club . . . . . . . 6 St. Francis Annual Festival . . . . . . . 30 Farm Equipment Clinton Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Hobby Hill Farm Sales . . . . . . . . . . 37 White’s Farm Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Farm Markets Horn’s Family Farm . . . . . . .

Juliano’s Farm and Greenhouses . . .

North Star Orchards . . . . . . .

Oneida County Public Market . . . .

Vernon Farm and Market . . . . .

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8 26 32 26 27

Fencing B & K Fence . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Financial Services Van Meter & Van Meter . . . . . . . . . . 18 Flooring Mike’s Floor Store . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Florists LaBella Flowers . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Funeral Services Prince-Boyd & Hyatt . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Furniture Ironwood Furniture .

Jeff ’s Amish Furniture John Froass & Son Shoppes at the Finish

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Catering RoSo’s Cafe & Catering . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Willie’s The Original Bagel Cafe . . . . . . 13

Furniture Makers Custom Woodcraft . . . . . . . . . . . 29

CBD Products Utica Hemp, New Hartford . . . . . . . . . . . 40

9 32 31 7 7 30 26 32 23 42 9

Clothing Consignment The Queen’s Closet . . . . . . . . . . 15

Garden Centers and Greenhouses Aceti’s Classic Gardens . . . . . . . . . .

Casler Flower Farm . . . . . . . . . . . .

Candella’s Farm & Greenhouses . . . . . . . . .

George’s Farm Products . . . . . . . . . .

Green Lakes Home & Garden . . . . . . .

Heywood’s Greenhouses . . . . . . . . . . . .

Juliano’s Farm and Greenhouses . . . . . . . . .

North Star Orchards . . . . . . . . . . .

Sharon Sprigs Fine Dried Florals . . . . . .

Spring Creek Lavender . . . . . . .

Szarek Succulent Shack . . . . . . . . . . .

Contractors B Squared Construction & Maintenance . . . . . . . 6 Ed Smith Contractor and Handyman . . . . . . . 21

General Contractors B Squared Construction & Maintenance . . . . . . . 6 Ed Smith Contractor and Handyman . . . . . . . 21

Charities House of the Good Shepherd . . . . . . . 20 Oneida County History Center Telethon . . . . . 8 Cheese (See Produce, Local)

Gift Shops/Shopping The Artisans’ Corner, Clinton . . . . . . . . . . .

Between Us Sisters . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cobbler & Co. . . . . . . . . . . .

Fusion Art Gallery . . . . . . . . . . .

Sharon Sprigs Fine Dried Florals . . . . . .

Shoppes at the Finish Line . . . . . . . . .

Spring Creek Lavender . . . . . . .

The Tepee . . . . . . . . . . . .

22 17 23 44 23 17 42 8

Golf and Driving Ranges Brimfield Driving Range . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Woodgate Pines Golf Club . . . . . . . . 31 Grocery Stores, Co-ops, and Delis Bosonne’s Sausage . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deansboro Superette . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little Italy Imports . . . . . . . . . . . .

Olde Kountry Market . . . . . . . . . . .

Pulaski Meat Market . . . . . . . . . . . .

Richfield Springs Community Food Cooperative . . . .

Hardware/Lumber/Farm & Home Lincoln Davies . . . . . . . .

Morgan’s Hardware . . . . . .

Turner Lumber . . . . . . .

Wightman Specialty Woods . . .

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35 19 9 20 8 31

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Health and Wellness Vitality Fitness and Wellness . . . . . . . . . . 30 Hearth Shops and Fuel Buell Fuel Hearth & Home . . . . . . . . . . 27 Insurance Gates-Cole Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . 42 HBE Group, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Turnbull Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Interior Design/Custom Window Treatments The Added Touch Drapery . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Ironwork Raulli’s Iron Works . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Jewelry Alison’s Jewelry & Repair . . . . . . . . . 33 Fall Hill bead & Gem . . . . . . . . . . 41 Goldmine Jewelers . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Lighting Mills Electrical Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Liquor Stores and Wine Ilion Wine & Spirits .

Brimfield Farm Winery .

Prospect Falls Winery . .

Trenton Station Liquor &

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Wine

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Maple Syrup (See Produce) Meats (See Delis) Media Weekly Adirondack . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Monuments & Memorials Yorkville Memorials . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Musical Instrument Sales, Rentals, Lessons Big Apple Music . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Natural Food Stores Cooperstown Naturals . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Peter’s Cornucopia . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Optometrists Towpath Vision Care . . . . . . . . . .

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Paint and Painting Supplies Urbanik’s Paint & Wallpaper Co. . . . . . . . 39 Physical Therapy Achievement Therapy & Wellness . . . . . . . 40 Inertia PT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Pizzerias DiCastro’s Brick Oven . . . . . . . . . . 11 Primo Pizzeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Tony’s Pizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

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Pools and Spas Swan Pools &

Spas

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Primitives Between Us Sisters . . . . . .

Butternut Barn . . . . . . .

Produce, Local Ben & Judy’s Sugarhouse Grassy Cow Dairy . . .

Horn’s Family Farm . .

Jewett’s Cheese . . . . .

Shaw’s Maple Products . .

Stoltzfus Family Dairy . .

Tibbits Maple . . . . .

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Sharpening (Tools and Blades) Ron’s Sharpening . . . .

Shoes Karaz Shoes .

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Vermicompost Devine Gardens Yogurt Stoltzfus

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Trailers and Recreational Vehicles Boulevard Trailers . . .

Tree Services and Tree Farms Rick Turk Tree Service

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Storage Sheds & Garages Pleasant View Structures . .

Shafer & Sons . . . .

Tents and Awnings Brownie’s Tent and

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Restaurants and Cafés (See also Diners) Ann St. Deli . . . . . . . .

Black Cat Cafe and Bakery . .

Black Stallion Restaurant . . . . .

DiCastro’s Brick Oven . . . . .

Gilligan’s Restaurant . . . .

Karam’s Middle East Bakery . .

Killabrew . . . . . . . .

Lafa Mediterranean by Zeina’s . .

Ohio Tavern . . . . . . . .

Phoenician Restaurant . . . . .

RoSo’s Cafe & Catering . . . .

Route 69 Steakhouse . . . .

Sammy and Annie Foods .

Voss’ . . . . . . . . .

Willie’s The Original Bagel Cafe .

The Willows . . . . . . . .

Septic Installation and Repairs Yanuk Excavating . . .

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28 . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . 34 . . . . . . . . . 24

Quilt and Yarn Shops/Services Tiger Lily Quilt Co. . . .

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CNY Fiber Arts Festival Welcomes Ergonomics Expert to Event BOUCKVILLE - The CNY Fiber Arts Festival is thrilled to pres-

ent Carson Demers, author and nationally-recognized expert in ergonomics for the fiber arts. Carson will sign copies of his book, Knitting Comfortably, and will teach two workshops on knitting sustainably and using ergonomics to engage in the fiber arts and other needlecrafts without pain. A physical therapist and knitter, Carson has taught all over North America and has been a consultant to Martha Stewart Living magazine.

Carson’s workshops, along with workshops by Amanda Solomon, will be presented on both June 11th and 12th at the festival. Details on the workshops and lectures at: www.cnyfiberarts.org and space in the workshops can be reserved by contacting fiberartsworkshopCNY@ gmail.com.

White’s Welcomes Norm Houck

WATERVILLE - White’s Farm Supply, Inc. welcomes Norm

Houck. Norm grew up in the farming industry, learning the trade from his father. He worked for several years for farm equipment manufacturers, including 11 years as the Parts Manager at our Canastota location before taking a position at St Joseph’s Hospital as the Director of the Home Medical Equipment division. Norm is looking forward to returning and serving our current and new customers as our store manager at our Waterville location. Thank you for helping us in welcoming Norm. You can reach him at 315-841-4181 or visit him at our Waterville store.

34

GOODSELL MUSEUM Local Adirondack History

2993 State Route 28 Old Forge, NY 13420

46

315-369-3838 www.webbhistory.org

The answer to last month’s riddle about the clear waters people used to visit: Mineral Springs

Headquarters of the Town of Webb Historical Association

Our winner is Gina Prince of Rome. She chose Black Stallion Restaurant !

Keeping Mohawk Valley Living on the road for years!

Steet Toyota

Steet-Ponte Ford Lincoln

Steet-Ponte Mazda

Steet-Ponte Volkswagen

Steet-Ponte Chevrolet

United Auto Sales

Steet Toyota of Johnstown

Steet-Ponte Nissan

Yorkville (315) 736-8241

Yorkville (315) 927-5081

Herkimer (315) 866-5080

Johnstown (518) 762-7222

Yorkville (315) 736-3381

Yorkville (315) 736-8291

Yorkville (315) 736-3361

Yorkville (315) 864-7500

Welcome to the Steet Ponte Auto Group family, Steet-Ponte NIssan!

Steet-Ponte autogroup

Stop in today and see why it’s so easy to do business with us! www.steetponteautogroup.com

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Saturday, May 7th

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Waterville

Lowville

9am-2pm

WhitesFarmSupply.com

962 Route 12 (315) 841-4181

9am-2pm

8207 Route 26 (315) 376-0300

© Kubota Tractor Corporation, 2022. This material is for descriptive purposes only. Kubota disclaims all representations and warranties, expressed or implied, or any liability from the use of this material. For complete warranty, safety and product information, consult your local Kubota Tractor Corporation, 2022. Thisand material for descriptive purposes only. Kubota disclaims all representations and warranties, expressed or implied, or any liability from the use of this material. For complete warranty, safety and product information, consult your local Kubota dealer. For the complete disclaimer, go to©KubotaUSA.com/disclaimers seeisthe posted disclaimer.

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