MRWA WaterLines Summer 2016

Affiliate, National Rural Water Association

In this Issue: 2016 Water Taste Test Prescription Drug Take Back Program Resumes Round Rock Journal Thinking Ahead Consecutive Systems and Disinfection Byproducts Digital Technology Embracing Today for the Change of Tomorrow Fair Labor Standards Act and Overtime Around the State Capitol Avoid Getting Tapped Out

Summer 2016

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MRWA Board of Directors

REGION I:

REGION V:

Roger Barker Daviess County PWSD #3 116 Waterworks Drive Gallatin, MO 64640 (660) 663-2771 Fax: (660) 663-2771 rbarker@moruralwater.org

Kathy Voyles, Vice President Jefferson County PWSD #8 7970 Graham Road, Box 170 Cedar Hill, MO 63016 (636) 274-3125 FAX: (636) 274-3126 kvoyles@moruralwater.org

REGION II:

REGION VI:

David Waller, President & National Director Macon County PWSD #1 P.O. Box 386 Macon, MO 63552 (660) 651-3726 FAX: (660) 385-6006 dwaller@moruralwater.org

Melinda Piper, Secretary Barton County C-PWSD #1 1009 E 11th St. PO Box 586 Lamar, MO 64759 (417) 682-3401 FAX: (417) 682-3038 mpiper@moruralwater.org

REGION III:

REGION VII:

Frank Offutt Platte County PWSD #4 229 Marshall Rd. P.O. Box 1940 Platte County, MO 64079 (816) 858-2782 Fax: (816) 858-3960 foffutt@moruralwater.org

Harold E. Landgraf, Jr. Cape/Perry PWSD #1 6386 US Highway 61 Jackson, MO 63755 (573) 243-7111 FAX: (573) 204-7117 hlandgraf@moruralwater.org

REGION IV:

Janet Sears, Asst. Treasurer Boone County C-PWSD #1 1500 N. 7th St. Columbia, MO 65201 (573) 449-0324 FAX: (573) 442-9222 jsears@moruralwater.org

Staff

Randy Norden

Tom Hyatt

Management Circuit Rider Managment Circuit Rider

Crystal Cooper

Donald Jones

Office Manager

Wastewater Technician

Joe Anstine

Jim Patton

Circuit Rider II

Small System Circuit Rider

Howard Baker

Brad Rayburn

Mapping Specialist

Letters.....................................................................................8 2016 Water Taste Test....................................................... 13 Prescription Drug Take Back Program Resumes............ 15 Round Rock Journal........................................................... 18 Thinking Ahead.................................................................. 20 Consecutive Systems and Disinfection Byproducts.. 24 Digital Technology Embracing Today for the Change of Tomorrow.................................................28 Fair Labor Standards Act and Overtime......................32 Around the State Capitol................................................... 34 Avoid Getting Tapped Out................................................ 37 Calendar of Events.............................................................. 50

Cover Description: Roaring River Spring on a beautiful June day. The spring is said to be responsible for producing an average of 20 million gallons of water per day.

Missouri Rural Water Association Mission Statement:

“To be the leading source of professional services, support and representation for water and wastewater utilities.”

Circuit Rider III

Andy Bowman

Wayne Roderman

Training Specialist

Maggie Dixon

Resource Conservation Circuit Rider

Jim Enterline

Wastewater Technician

Secretary

Gary Webber

Energy Efficiency Circuit Rider

Saem Yem

Billy Everett

From the Executive Director................................................6

Call us and let us know your needs so we can stop and visit with you when we are in your area. There is no charge for our services. Call Missouri Rural Water Association at 573-657-5533 or email: mrwa@moruralwater.org Elizabeth Grove

Deputy Executive Director

President’s Message...............................................................4

Remember . . .

John Hoagland

Executive Director

Contents

Secretary

Circuit Rider I

Eric Fuchs

Source Water Protection Specialist This Publication is Printed on Recycled Paper with Soybean Ink.

Missouri Water Lines is published by General Printing Service, 1910 N. Providence, Columbia, Missouri 65202, (573) 443-8890 and is distributed free to water/ wastewater systems, board presidents, mayors, suppliers, individual members and associate members. Call the MRWA office at (573) 657-5533 for copy deadlines.

Subscription rates are $15.00 yearly to help cover printing and postage costs. To subscribe, send names and addresses with prepayment to: Missouri Rural Water Association, 901 Richardson Drive, Ashland, Missouri 65010.

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President‘s Message David Waller, MRWA Board President As children, and even as young adults, we observe our parents doing day to day tasks or habits that they developed based on a lifetime of experiences of having good and/or bad things happen to them. Some of these may seem to be overkill to those of us that haven’t had the experiences that caused these actions to become a habit. One habit my father had was that before the family left for any overnight trip, he would shut off the water at the water meter and pull the fuses on the hot water heater. This habit is something that neither myself nor my siblings developed, even after years of watching Dad faithfully do this each time before we pulled out of the drive way.

Several years ago, my wife and I decided to take a two week vacation. As we prepared to pull out of the drive, I suddenly decided to shut off the water and kill the power to the hot water heater. We had a great vacation and upon returning home, first order of business was to turn the water on. Being in the water business for more years than I like to count, I am aware of things like toilets filling and shutting off or not shutting of, so as we carried luggage into the house my mind registered that I could still hear water running somewhere. A quick check found that a pipe in the family room ceiling had developed a leak. Luckily damage was minimal and the water loss was limited to a dozen gallons or so.

Over the years since this incident, I have reflected on what might have happened if I hadn’t been moved to follow my Father’s habit and shut off the water. Fourteen days of water pouring from the pipe would have caused lots of damage to the room and probably to the house in general, and the bill for water would have been sizable.

My homeowners insurance would have probably repaired the damage to the house but the water bill would have been mine to pay, as most homeowners insurance won’t cover the water bill.

Recently I have had occasion to think about this incident more than usual as I have attended meetings on one of the new programs that National Rural Water Association is offering through MRWA . That program is the ServLine insurance program, which if it had been available and I had been covered, it would have covered the additional amount on my water bill associated with the leak had there been a huge bill.

ServLine, which is an insurance program backed by Hanover Insurance Company and is designed to cover your customers’ losses due to water line leaks and can cover the cost associated with the repair and replacement 4

of residential water and sewer lines.

The basic coverage offers protection for your customer from the portion of their water bill that is due to a plumbing leak. ServLine also offers water line protection, and sewer line protection to add additional safeguards to your customers. You can find out more about ServLine on our website moruralwater.org under the “What We Offer” button.

Why should you consider offering ServLine to your customers? If you adjust for water leaks that your customers experience, then the cost of those leaks don’t just magically go away, they are rolled into the overhead expenses of the utility and everyone pays for the leak that one customer had. If you don’t adjust for leaks, but require the customer to pay the full amount of the leak, the utility is made whole but this charge can put a hardship on your customer. The customer may have sufficient income to pay the utility bill plus a small charge each month but one huge bill due to a water leak can put them in a financial hole that they might not be able to recover from.

ServLine uses an opt-out marketing plan, which means all customers are included unless they opt-out. ServLines has seen a very small percentage of customers opt-out or cancel after they are initially billed for the service. This would indicate that as a rule customers find this to be a product that they don’t object paying for.

What prevents systems from offering this program to their customers? Probably the most common reason voiced at the meetings that I have attended is the fact that ServLine does use a marketing plan that requires the customer “opt-out” of the plan to avoid being included in the group. The managers that I have talked to have a strong reluctance to entering into agreements that require their customers to opt-out to avoid a charge. It is an understandable position and as in all cases when evaluating service, charges and rates charged to your customers, you have to have a comfortable level with what you propose.

ServLine is willing to attend your board meetings and make a presentation regarding their product. They will not market directly to your customers, this program is only available through your utility and through Missouri Rural Water Association.

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From the Executive Director John Hoagland, MRWA Executive Director How in the World Does Flint Michigan Affect You and Why Should You Care?

By now unless you live in a cave somewhere you have surely heard of the situation in Flint, Michigan, in regard to their drinking water. As someone with nearly 40 years experience in the drinking water industry, I struggle to understand how such a situation could occur. It’s hard for me to imagine with all of the rules and safeguards in place, a situation such as that happening here in Missouri.

With that said however, it did occur and I suspect it will have a “ripple” effect in our industry for years to come.

Water systems in Rural Missouri have very little in common with the system in Flint, both in construction and how they are operated on a day to day basis. At first glance it would seem that the best course of action might be to just ignore the whole thing and maybe it will just go away. However, two facts provide a common thread between Missouri and Michigan that you can’t ignore...

Specifically number one, the system was producing and providing potable drinking water and number two, that water was being provided to a public that trusted it was safe for them to drink.

I’ve got a news flash for you in case you don’t know it already. While we in the water and wastewater industry think we’re loved and trusted by all, studies show that government as a whole isn’t held in real high regard by the public these days. Last time I checked, in the eyes of most of our neighbors, “we is the government.” Now on the bright side, at least until Flint, most (not all of course) folks felt their drinking water was safe. Maybe to the point of being taken for granted, I certainly know my neighbors and people I normally interact with thought that was true. Factor in the events at Flint and the news coverage it’s received and unfortunately my guess is that trust has been eroded.

This was illustrated for me personally the other day when one of the ladies at MRWA stepped into my office to ask me some questions about Flint. She has a small child and is concerned about what she feeds her baby.

These are legitimate concerns … good mom concerns.

She’s worked for Rural Water a decade and knows a bit about the drinking water business and the people in it but she also knows she wants to do what’s best for her 6

child. I hope I was able to reassure her that the tap water she’s using for formula is safe. I tried to explain what happened in Flint and why I don’t foresee it happening here. I hope I reassured her. I think I did... but it probably didn’t help when later one of our staff began discussing nitrates and those potential dangers to children and used some chemical terms I can’t even pronounce, let alone spell, but that’s another story. (Sometimes we’re our own worst enemies with the technical jargon.) My point is that in the public’s eye, the water system in Flint, Michigan, is like the water system in Cameron, Missouri, is like the water system in Blue Eye, Missouri. It’s all drinking water, an essential element to survival, being provided to the public for consumption and the public assuming that those experts (you) providing it know what the heck they are doing. As a water professional, it’s your job to reassure the public that their water is safe, that their trust in YOU is warranted. I’d urge you to not assume that they blindly trust you and attempt to ignore all of the negative press coming out of Flint, then get your britches in an uproar when the local newspaper or Facebook or Twitter or whatever other means of communication that’s trendy this week, calls into question the safety and quality of your product. To question authority is human nature and the right to question government and free speech is still protected in this country.

Not everyone in the world has that right. Be glad we do.

Flint happened. It’s a fact and as stated, I think we’ll see ramifications for years to come in our business. In the meantime it’s up to us to attempt to repair the public trust. It’ll happen one person at a time and will take years.

It certainly will never happen if we attempt to bury our heads in the sand and ignore it.

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Letters Dear Sirs, We would like to take this opportunity to Thank Larry VanGilder and Brad Rayburn for your help in pulling water samples for us and personally taking them to Jefferson City for testing. It’s moments like this the MRWA is more than willing to help out a small district in need. We appreciate all that the MRWA stands for and your dedicated employees.

Thank You, Mike Wood, President Brenda Nations, Clerk Camden County PWSD #1

Dear Mr. Norden, I wanted to write to you, to let you know what a wonderful staff you have. Last month we had Joe Anstine and Howard Baker come to help us. They were both very helpful and very efficient.

Joe came to help us locate a leak that we had been looking for about a month. He came up, and reviewed the area we thought the leak might be at.

Next, he asked some questions. After he reviewed what had been done already he came up with a plan.

It wasn’t within 30 minutes that he had found the leak.

Mr. Howard Baker was called to help up update our maps. He came up, and in one day made the corrections to our maps and shot the new additions.

In the same time period, he gave us some additional training on our Arc GIS mapping system. He showed us things that will make running our district so much easier. He is a wonderful resource.

Both of these gentlemen are a true asset to your team at MRWA. Your organization is a true lifeline to all Water and Wastewater systems in the state.

It is without a doubt one of Missouri’s best in providing services that both rural and urban areas need for providing safe, clean, and abundant supply of water for our communities. Thank-You for all of the good things you folks do.

Sincerely, Board of Directors Sam Clary, Manager Andrew County PWSD #2

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Letters Dear Sirs, On behalf of the Board of Directors, the employees and the residents of Public Water Supply District #2, we would like to extend our deepest gratitude for all your valuable assistance during the flood we experienced at our water treatment plant. During a catastrophic occurrence such as this was, your experience and knowledge of how to handle everything was so much appreciated. Two gentlemen that helped us out were Eric Fuchs and Wayne Roderman as well as some others, and their expertise was tremendous. We think we would have been lost without their direction and guidance.

Again, thank you very much for all of your assistance.

Public Water Supply District #2 Jefferson County Missouri

Dear Mr. Hoagland, I would like to express our appreciation for the services you provide to small towns like ours.

We have requested assistance from MRWA representatives many times and they are always quick to respond to our needs. Brad Rayburn, Wayne Roderman, and Gary Webber have been here multiple times to help search for leaks and consult on many different issues.

Recently, Brad Rayburn and Joe Anstine assisted us by locating a major leak that we were unable to find. Using MRWA’s correlator and their investigative skills they detected a leak that has reduced our unaccounted for water by approximately 20%.

The leaks in Clarksville’s hills and rock formations are sometimes hard to find because many times they remain underground. The water will filter through rock formations and end up in the Mississippi River without ever surfacing. Therefore, the listening equipment and trained personnel to use it is a huge benefit to a town like ours.

Also, Larry VanGilder assisted us with an Energy Audit some time ago and Liz Grove was here just a week ago to provide Board and Council training to our aldermen. Larry was very informative and offered several suggestions that could improve energy costs and Liz is a great educator and is very knowledgeable. In short, all MRWA representatives have been wonderful to Clarksville and I don’t know what we would do without them.

Sincerely, Kathy Weiss, Chief Water/Wastewater Operator City of Clarksville

rwhite@esiwater.com 4343 Merriam Drive ■ Overland Park, KS 66203

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Letters John Hoagland, I am sending you this letter to let you know what an outstanding service your people have provided for our little town of Bakersfield. Everyone that came down to help us with our water problems and to answer the many questions we had about what to do. I am new to this water system. I just passed my DSl license in December and had the whole water works turned over to me when the city needed a change. I am very open to accepting ideas and knowledge of others with experience. It was very difficult for this community to reach out for help from outsiders. They seemed a little apprehensive about the DNR. We were a front page story for the Ozark County Times, the Baxter Bulletin, and story for KY3 news. Everyone seemed to throw us under the bus. Then Andy Bowman called and came for a visit.

He put me at ease right away as he assessed our situation. He was a good listener and could sympathize were I was at in trying to figure out all of the mess we were in. Andy also gave me the confidence that I needed to undertake this enormous amount of work it was going to take to get this system up and running like it should be. Then Andy started gathering the MRWA team of specialists, the first one on the scene was Joe Anstine. He came the very next day with a chlorination pump and tank they were letting us use until we could get set up to buy our own. Joe was a very likeable guy and even fixed parts of our well that were in need. Very smart guy, someone that has been all around the water industry with so much hands on knowledge. The loaner pump saved me lots of time trying to chlorinate by hand which was very inconsistent. The next day Brad Rayburn came to fix a leaky inject or part on the Cl pump. He was a great guy. We went around town to check Cl levels and showed me how to flush hydrants and get the system’s chlorine levels to line out.

Each representative from the MRWA that I encountered had a great attitude and seemed to all have specialties in different areas of the water and sewer systems. It is rare to have so many water specialists on hand that really like their jobs and seemed sincere to helping our situation. It is a true accomplishment on your behalf to have put together the A Team of MRWA. The MRWA has probably saved us from at least $50,000 on a retention pipe system the DNR was going to make us put in, but now it will be put off if we meet compliance in the next year, which we should, thanks to your team.

They also kept us from having to purchase $10,000 worth of equipment to chlorinate that the DNR and the engineers thought we needed for our tiny system. We did it for under a $1,000 thanks to Andy and some of his sales rep connection Gary Hinkle at Water Specialties, Inc. The future of our little town’s water system is looking brighter every day thanks to your team of professionals.

Sincerely, David Michael West, DSl Water Operator City of Bakersfield

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Letters Dear Administration and Board, I am writing with a follow-up to an efficiency audit Larry VanGilder did for our water and wastewater facilities as well as our City Hall. It has been a year since Mr. VanGilder’s visit and to our benefit we have implemented some of the changes he suggested.

Larry touched on meter replacement as our water system was not properly maintained for several years. In 2015, we were able to replace 21 residential meters and a 2” commercial meter at our apartment complex. This has provided a 2% drop in our water loss each month. We have implemented a plan to replace 10 residential meters each year- possibly more if funds allow- and should then have all residential meters updated in two to three years. The 2% savings may not sound like much, but for our size, every nickel and every $10 counts a lot!

Larry inspected our furnace and air conditioners at city hall and felt they had reached their useful life. We have since switched to electric baseboard heat in city hall. One of the aldermen is an electrician so we were able to save a lot of money on installation of the upgrade. We decided not to replace the air conditioning at this time. With the office only being open 2 1/2 hours a day the cost vs reward isn’t justifiable.

As our fluorescent lighting ballasts burn out, we are switching to T8 lighting. This will take quite some time to complete as we do not go through many bulbs or ballasts. Still, there is a savings.

Larry noted the upper floor (attic) of city hall was accessible. This was not much of a problem while the furnace was located up there. With the installation of the baseboard heating, we did not want all that cold air coming down and making the heaters work more. To that end, we installed a movable door that still allows us easy access to the attic while also effectively stopping the transfer of the cold air.

Lastly, Larry noted that with a change in our heating system, the only thing running on propane would be our water heater. It is a 40-gallon propane water heater -much too large for our needs. We installed a small, tankless, electric water heater and are now propane-free. The propane hook-ups are still in place and the old furnace is still in place as a backup heat source.

These changes from gas to electric heat, some of the lighting, and the 40-gallon propane to tankless electric water heater are already yielding savings! Comparing our propane bill plus our electric bill in 2014 to our propane bill plus our electric bill in 2015 we’re seeing an average savings of $60 per month. Over the course of a year this will be $720 and we can do a lot with that kind of money!

Please express our thanks to Mr. VanGilder for his time in performing this audit. Our thanks also goes to the administration and board of your organization for recognizing the needs of smaller systems. You did not discount the savings we are realizing as inconsequential. These savings mean another property can be cleaned up to improve our town or the money can be reinvested in an on-going project like water meter replacement or lift station maintenance.

When you’re small, every dollar must be stretched to its limits and spent as wisely as possible. It’s services like this that make it possible to be good financial stewards of the funds we are provided!

Sincerely, Charles McKinny, Mayor City of New Hampton

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Advertisers Index

Missouri Waterlines Advertising Rates CLASSIFIED ADS

Advertising rates to member water/wastewater systems: First 25 words are free, thereafter $1.00 per word, 15word minimum.

BUSINESS ADS Members: Full page (71/2 x 10) $400 per issue $750 annually Half page (71/2 x 43/4) $300 per issue $550 annually Quarter page (31/2 x 41/2) $200 per issue $350 annually Business card (31/2 x 2) $50 per issue $95 annually Nonmembers: Full page $500 per issue Half page $350 per issue Quarter page $250 per issue Business card $85 per issue Color ads: Per Color $90 per issue $150 annually Full Color $900 per issue $1,500 annually Cover Ads Back Cover $200 additional per issue Inside Front and Back Cover $100 additional per issue If you are one of our current advertisers and want to go to a larger ad, we will gladly credit your new ad with the unused portion of your old one. Ads should be cameraready and prepaid.

Support Missouri Rural Water Association

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We Appreciate Your Support ADS Environmental Services.......................................... 31 Allgeier, Martin and Associates, Inc................................ 13 Alliance Pump & Mechanical.............................................8 Alliance Water Resources................................................. 43 Allstate Consultants.......................................................... 31 American Development Corp.......................................... 33 American Flow Control.................................................... 23 Bartlett & West Engineers................................................ 33 Blue Springs WinWater......................................................7 Brenntag Mid-South.......................... (Inside Front Cover) C and C Pumps & Supply................................................ 10 Cady Aquastore Inc........................................................... 35 Cardinal Pump................................................................... 34 D.A. Davidson & Co......................................................... 19 DN Tanks........................................................................... 50 Douglas Pump Service...................................................... 29 EJ ........................................................................................ 30 Electric Controls Company.............................................. 17 Engineered Systems, Inc......................................................9 Engineering America......................................................... 31 Environmental Dynamics International......................... 27 Flo-Systems........................................................................ 35 Flotron & McIntosh............................ (Inside Back Cover) Flynn Drilling Co., Inc...................................................... 40 The Ford Meter Box Company, Inc................................. 12 Gonzalez Companies........................................................ 16 Hach.................................................................................... 35 HD Supply Waterworks................................................... 41 Hawkins, Inc...................................................................... 31 Haynes Equipment........................................................... 10 Hogan’s, Inc...................................................... (Back Cover) Hydro-Kinetics.................................................................. 16 IMCO Utility Supply....................................................... 35 Kubota................................................................................ 39 Kupferle Foundry Company............................................ 13 L&J Municipal Supply...................................................... 16 Larkin Lamp Rynearson................................................... 12 Maguire Iron...................................................................... 17 Mahoney’s Equipment LLC............................................. 50 McIntire Management Group.............................................8 MCR Enterprise................................................................ 50 MECO Engineering Company, Inc....................................5 Micro-Comm, Inc.............................................................. 16 Midwest Coating Consultants, Inc. ...................................7 Midwest Meter, Inc............................................................ 49 Missouri Lagers................................................................. 18 Missouri Machinery & Engineering Co.......................... 33 Missouri One Call............................................................. 23 Missouri Public Entity Pak.............................................. 46 Municipal Equipment Company, Inc.................................7 Ozark Applicators, LLC................................................... 48 PDC Laboratories, Inc...................................................... 33 Pittsburg Tank & Tower Co., Inc.................................... 22 R.E. Pedrotti Co., Inc. . .......................................................7 Ressler & Associates, Inc. ................................................ 34 Schulte Supply, Inc............................................................ 25 Schultz Surveying & Engineering, Inc............................ 45 Seiler Instrument Co......................................................... 17 Sequoyah Software and Consulting, Inc......................... 30 Shafer, Kline & Warren, Inc............................................. 29 Sherwin-Williams............................................................. 16 Sidener Environmental Services...................................... 50 Springfield Winwater Works Co..................................... 35 T.G. Rankin Co., Inc............................................................9 Tank Connection............................................................... 42 Tomcat Consultants/T.A.P. Co....................................... 47 Utility Service Group........................................................ 14 Utility Solutions Associates............................................. 28 Vandevanter Engineering - Cogent Co........................... 17

2016 Water Taste Test Tom Hyatt, Operator Certification Circuit Rider it into the final round of that taste test.

Missouri Rural Water Association congratulates the This means that Missouri is still trying City of Humansville in Polk County as this year’s best to capture gold at the national level. tasting water in Missouri! A panel of judges from USDA Winners of the nationwide event were as follows: Rural Development, Missouri DNR, and Ashland Glenbrook Water Cooperative from the State of Nevada government selected Humansville’s water sample April th took home the gold trophy as “Best Tasting Water”; 20 at the MRWA Legislative Open House and Fish Fry. Consolidated Rural Water and Sewer District 1 of City of Humansville Superintendent John Hopkins Jefferson County, Oklahoma, captured silver; City of and his wife, Carma, met with their State Senator Mike Emporia, Kansas, accepted honors as bronze winner; Parson and their State Representative Sue Entlicher and Northwest Dyersburg the following day at the Utility District of Tennessee and Capitol. These legislators have Scottsbluff, Nebraska rounded issued resolutions proclaiming out the field of five finalists.

Humansville as the best tasting Congratulations to these systems! water for 2016.

Meanwhile, Missouri Humansville city officials continues to search for water enjoyed a luncheon May 6th, quality which will appeal to courtesy of MRWA, to further national judges. Your water just celebrate this honor. might have that special quality.

Other finalists included the If you’ve never entered a cities of Ionia and Puxico; St. Water Taste Test Finalists William Smart of Ionia; sample in our annual taste test, John Hopkins with trophy for Humansville; Mike Hedrick Francois County PWSD 2; and with St. Francois County PWSD 2; Melinda Piper of we urge you to consider this. If Barton, Dade, Cedar and Jasper Barton, Dade, Cedar & Jasper C-PWSD 1; and you are a regular participant, Consolidated PWSD 1.

David Hawthorne from Puxico. keep that water flowing. Missouri Earlier in the year, Dora Rosa will be recognized for the superior took a water sample to Washington, water it offers its customers. Of this, we are confident.

D.C. from Madison County PWSD 1 for the National Perhaps it will be the City of Humansville that captures Rural Water Association’s Great American Water Taste the notice of national judges with its water in early 2017!

Test, held as part of its annual Rural Water Rally in February. Unfortunately, our 2015 state winner did not make

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Prescription Drug Take Back Program Resumes Eric Fuchs, Source Water Technician Last April marked the return of the Prescription Drug Take Back program sponsored by the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). The funding for the program had been suspended in the spring of 2015 and there was no collection in the fall. The program had provided funding for pick-up and proper disposal of pharmaceuticals twice a year for participating systems. It was learned early this year that funding had been restored.

MRWA partners with many systems around the state on the take back program by providing technical support along with brochures and flyers to help promote the program.

Different agencies have different reasons for supporting this worthwhile program. Law enforcement is very concerned in keeping these pharmaceuticals off the street and out of the hands of individuals who might abuse them or sell them to others. Water systems want to keep these drugs out of our drinking water. As most know, current treatment methods are unable to remove these drugs from the wastewater or drinking water and concern has risen in recent years of how many of these are making it into our drinking water.

Abuse of pharmaceuticals is becoming very prevalent and the trend is on the rise.

There are some interesting statistics on these abuses or overall use.

Seven in ten of Americans take at least one medication and half take at least two. The United States

has only 5% of the world’s population, yet we use 75% of the world’s prescription drugs. Over 52 million Americans over the age of 12 have used prescription drugs for “nonmedical use” in the last year.

MRWA is always looking for new agencies who want to partner on the take back program. You must have a law enforcement agency as the main sponsor. Once the partnering law enforcement agencies registers with the DEA you are all set. MRWA will get the needed information from you on drop off locations and will print flyers and brochures free of charge. We do not limit our partnerships to just water systems. We currently partner directly with law enforcement and other agencies such as the MDC “stream teams.”

The take back is a good community event for many different organizations. It is a very good public relations event for systems and law enforcement alike, allowing them to interact with the community in a very worthwhile cause. It is a good way to show the community the importance of clean drinking water all the while helping keep harmful drugs off the street and out of the hands of our children.

MRWA is looking to increase participation in this event. The next take back will be the fall of 2016. If interested, please give Eric Fuchs a call at 573-429-1383 or email at efuchs@moruralwater.org. We will work with you to help with all aspects of getting you started!

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Fall Conference Information Coming Soon!!

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17

Round Rock Journal: Letters Mr. Black Hat, Cowboy Philosopher

I don’t do Facebook.

Now, before you attach meaning to that sentence, note that I don’t really have anything against, or for, Facebook. I just don’t do it. What I do enjoy doing is letters.

Here, recently, I reconnected with my best friend from school by, yep, letters. I’ve enjoyed that immensely. First, I sent a letter that was hand written.

The second letter was typed on a manual typewriter.

The third was an expression of laziness and typed on a computer then printed. Regardless of how they were formed, they were letters nevertheless.

I think the next one will be hand written. That feeds my fountain pen fetish, as well.

Perhaps it is something that I picked up from Mom. She wrote letters. She wrote letters for no reason other than to write about what’s going on and share it with someone. I remember that picking up letter writing paper, and those small envelopes, was sometimes on her list of the things she needed from the dime store. I can

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recall walking into the kitchen to see her at the table writing a letter. Much like watching an artist paint, this was the view of her baring her soul in the raw. She touched the pen; she touched the paper; she made the words and thoughts flow. The final product was a painting done in words…by hand.

Since graduation from high school, I have not had much contact with John. However, out of the blue, I got a Christmas card from him that had a picture of his family on it and simply said, “Merry Christmas”. I wrote back and we’ve kept it up since then.

So, what’s so great about writing a letter? It’s as personal as you can get with another person without being next to them. Writing a letter allows your mind to slow down and you must really “think” about what you are writing. It’s easy to blurt out something in an email, a text, or a tweet, and it may not quite reflect what you’re really trying to express. Hand writing, particularly with pen and paper, synchronizes your mind’s voice with your expressionism and holds the speed to a pace you can really master. It also gives you the ability to savor the moment you are writing about and relish the joy you feel the other person will have in reading it. Likewise, have you ever received a letter in the mail? Is it not the coolest feeling to go to the mailbox and find something that was handmade just for you, and not another invitation for a new credit card? Yes, with letter writing you GET something.

Not just digital shapes on a phone or a computer screen, but you get something hand made in your hand…just for you.

Give it a try. It comes back to you. I think I’m gonna go write a letter to Mom. Later.

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Thinking Ahead Brad Rayburn, Circuit Rider III In February, the groundhog predicted an early spring. Since this prediction, the weather has been very unpredictable and at times has cast doubt on this unofficial forecast. However, I think all would agree that spring is here. For me, spring marks the opening of youth turkey season. For the past two years, I have had the opportunity to take my nine year old son Garrett, turkey hunting but have come home empty handed. This year, I went out the morning before season and began to scout for turkeys. I heard turkeys gobbling in every direction that morning. I even saw a wise old gobbler as he walked through the woods. I was hopeful, that this would be the year that Garrett would get an opportunity to take his first gobbler. The next morning, bright and early, Garrett and I walked through the woods in the darkness before the turkeys awoke. As daylight approached, I was excited to hear that first gobble. Unfortunately, that gobble was the first and last we heard all morning. Hunting is an unpredictable hobby, and that is one of the things that make hunting fun. In the water/wastewater industry, unpredictability is not always a good thing and certainly is not fun.

Water quality issues are sometimes unpredictable or unexpected. Flint, Michigan, is a prime example of what can happen when water quality changes. According to

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a Stanford News release, “Two years ago (March 2014), while Flint was under state management due to a financial emergency, the city’s water supply was switched to the Flint River as a money-saving measure. The State Department of Environmental Quality failed to require addition of an anti-corrosive agent to the new supply. It wasn’t long before residents complained of brown water from iron corrosion, a local pediatrician highlighted elevated lead levels in children and an independent study showed high levels of lead in the water. State and local managers were slow to respond, and it will likely be years before public confidence is restored and Flint’s water is safe to drink. In Flint, people’s complaints about discolored and foul-tasting water should have sounded alarms. It didn’t, and that’s indefensible. As soon as you see widespread occurrence of rusty water, you should say, “My gosh, something’s wrong,” and investigate the cause.

This wasn’t an isolated incident, and it appeared right after the change in water source.” (http://news.stanford. edu/news/2016/march/flint-water-luthy-031116.html) Was the Flint Water Crisis avoidable? Yes, but the powers that be thought this was the best way to save the system money. I am sure no one considered the negative effects that switching water sources would have. Treating water is something that takes time and continuous monitoring and testing to get it right. Once the switch

to the Flint River was made and the water entered the water distribution system, it was too late to reverse the water treatment process. Unfortunately, water/ wastewater systems are constantly looking at ways to save money on their infrastructure or the treatment process.

The problem with this thinking is that when something is working, then it is important to keep it working. As systems age, they require more money to maintain.

Many systems in Missouri are facing the same issues as Flint, Michigan, in regards to saving money and aging infrastructure, but not the Flint water quality problems.

How do municipalities prevent a water crisis from happening? Money...Unfortunately, this is a costly task, but it is unavoidable. As aging infrastructure deteriorates, that infrastructure must be replaced or repaired. For example, water leaks, pumps and motors, aerators, filters, and etc. More times than not, the decision not to repair or replace the broken component is made by the board or council of those systems. Sometimes, water systems are overwhelmed with the amount of money it can cost to make these repairs, so those components are temporarily repaired, and then forgotten about until they completely fail.

Unfortunately, these temporary repairs begin to add up over time, and eventually systems have more money tied up in temporary repairs than they would have if they had just replaced the broken part.

Eventually, water/wastewater systems have so much wrong with them that they have to be completely replaced, or they cannot meet the limits that the Environmental Protection Agency has regulated for that system. I have been working

with a system for the last several months that had been working to pass a $6,000,000 bond issue for the last two years. The money for this bond issue would replace their wastewater lagoon and their water treatment plant. It was an uphill battle to convince the citizens of the town that this was necessary, and they were having multiple issues with their water system.

Over the last several months, this system had several customer complaints regarding water quality issues. The complaints were due to the taste, odor, and color of the water. Tom Hyatt, MRWA Circuit Rider, and I assisted the small town. In order to help this town we had to first identify what was the cause for the water quality issues.

Sometimes all it takes is a thorough water system flush to correct these issues. This was not the case because the water leaving the water plant had over 2 parts per million (ppm) of iron in the water, the secondary maximum contaminant level for iron is .3 ppm. Tom and I inspected the water plant and noted several deficiencies that would improve the water quality if they were repaired. The troughs inside the three gravity flow filters had holes in them which caused the water to short-circuit through the filter media. There was not enough filter media inside the filters to filter the water, the majority of the valves inside the water plant were not working properly, the potassium permanganate dose rate needed to be increased, and the clear well needed to be drained and cleaned.

The water plant was constructed in the 1950’s, so these were not surprising deficiencies. What was surprising (continued on next page)

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was that the citizens of this town failed to pass the bond issue in April 2015. Tom and I were able to help this small town improve the water quality by assisting the water specialist with minor repairs to the plant, and increasing the feed rate of the potassium permanganate. Rayburn explained to the City Council that these repairs to the water plant were not permanent, and that the water quality issues could arise again, due to the integrity of the water plant. The council was concerned that the bond issue would fail again and requested that I attend their upcoming public meeting to help persuade people to vote yes for the Bond Issue.

I was shocked to learn that the citizens of this town were not in support of passing this bond issue due to all of the complaints that people had regarding the water quality. During the public meeting, I learned very quickly that many of the citizens were opposed of passing this bond issue because they were concerned that they would not be able to afford their water or sewer bill. The citizens had not had a substantial rate increase in several years and their rates were lower than surrounding towns. The public meeting helped everyone understand why it was important to pass this bond issue, and it did pass in April. It will take time before construction ever begins on a new water plant, but at least they are moving in the right direction.

This town has had numerous customer complaints about water quality issues over the years, but it has taken time to convince people that repairing the water plant were not feasible. It is very important that city councils and board members do everything they can to make people aware of why they should vote for a bond issue.

This can be a difficult process but creating brochures and public outreach about what the bond issue is for and why it is necessary will go a long ways to the voters. If the Flint, Michigan, water crisis has taught us anything about water treatment, it is that saving money is not always the best way to run a water system. It costs to operate and maintain a water system.

Fortunately, not every system needs to borrow six million dollars to fix their water or sewer systems. Spring is the time of year when the weather changes and sometimes that is when board and council members change. Obviously, 22

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Consecutive Systems and Disinfection Byproducts Tom Hyatt, Operator Certification Circuit Rider One ghost that haunts consecutive systems is reflected in this often asked question, “What can we do about this?”

The problem is disinfection byproducts (DBPs) which form when chlorine and organic matter bond chemically.

At least, that is a starting reference for this problem. The real issue is the consecutive system’s apparent inability to alter its water chemistry.

Let’s explore possible options.

First, I’ll define some terms. Consecutive systems, otherwise known as secondary systems, purchase some or all of their water from another water system. The original wholesaler selling the water has its own water source or sources. Water sources with DBP problems tend to be surface water or groundwater under the influence of surface contaminants. Water exposed to the environment is potentially ripe with organic life. It is this organic matter which causes regulated byproducts when introduced to chlorine. Specifically, two groupings related to chlorine are regulated: four total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and five of nine haloacetic acids (HAA5). The main culprit among the TTHMs in Missouri is chloroform. This substance usually far exceeds concentrations of the other three THMs combined.

You might recognize the name. Chloroform was once used in the medical profession as an anesthetic. Its harmful association has long since caused it to be banned.

Due to health effects related to DBPs, these compounds have primary maximum contaminant (MCL) limits: 0.08 parts per million (ppm) for TTHM and 0.06 ppm for HAA5. Additionally, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has implemented sampling schedules for consecutive systems as part of the Stage 2 Disinfectant/DBP Rule to extend consumer health protection to these formerly unregulated systems.

Many systems with organic substances in their water sources struggle to comply with the limits for these DBPs. That is equally true across the nation; not just here in Missouri. It is an even greater hardship for consecutive systems for two reasons. First, DBP formation can become worse as a result of residence time: The longer organics and chlorine are together in water, the higher the formation of TTHMs will likely be, for instance.

Water travels great distances at times before reaching 24

the entry point for consecutive systems; then it must reach the end of these consecutive systems, causing prolonged exposure of these two elements. Second, many consecutive systems lack treatment processes to combat this DBP problem. What should consecutive systems do to remedy the issue?

The U.S. EPA proposes flushing as best available technology. Without treatment facilities in place, this is sometimes viewed as the only means available. Flushing can be helpful in a number of ways. It helps “turn over” the system by eliminating older water and pulling fresher water to far ends. Since TTHMs continue to form as water ages, fresh water will usually have lower concentrations of this DBP grouping. Flushing also eliminates sediment and some scale attached to the inside of water lines. These materials can be organic in nature and thus increase formation potential of DBPs as disinfected water reaches these organisms. Also, these materials place a demand on chlorine, causing the system to increase its disinfectant dose to override this possible depletion of chlorine. With elevated levels of chlorine, the potential for DBPs increases.

Nonetheless, flushing offers only limited success and can even prove counter-productive. Flushing is necessary to rid lines of buildup described in the previous paragraph. This is especially true where lines have been improperly flushed in the past, neglected altogether, or lie in low-use areas of the distribution system where water stagnation is a problem. Unfortunately, though, DBPs usually originate in wholesalers’ treatment processes as a result of organic matter in the water source and its reaction to chlorine. Therefore, the process of flushing the system, wholesale or consecutive system, is not addressing the water chemistry which lies at the heart of this problem. In some cases, flushing stirs up more sediment than it releases. It also introduces fresher water, which typically has higher chlorine residual, to this organic material. This can inadvertently elevate DBP concentrations.

It is possible that organic material enters distribution lines through isolated cross connections or from biofilm (continued on page 26)

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growth. However, the most accessible entry point and origination source for organic material is through treated water with inadequate organic removal.

One technology which seems to be gaining traction is water circulation in finished water storage tanks. These circulating systems prevent thermal stratification, which is a fancy way of saying that they keep warm water from rising to the top. Yes, like warm air, warm water rises. As water tanks heat from sunlight, the older water inside starts warming and rising to the top of the tank.

Since the tank outlet is close to the bottom of the tank, the newest and coldest water entering the tank is the first to exit when customers use water. The older water continues to age, losing its chlorine residual over time and causing increased residence time with organic matter.

This in turn generates more DBP formation potential.

Circulating the water certainly promotes water quality. It helps to prevent stagnating water, depletion of residual, and coliform bacterial re-growth. Although circulation of water can potentially provide benefits related to DBP formation, one should examine data associated with any technology to ensure that adoption of the technology will generate desired results. After all, the storage tank is only one component in the distribution system; and it does not influence water demand. Water can still age in distribution lines and cause elevated byproduct formation.

An alternative technology can release chloroform from water through aggressive aeration. This packed tower aeration method is effective at removing the substance with the highest concentration among the four TTHMs. Chloroform is volatile and, therefore, readily releases from water. The downsides of this process include the fact that it is a costly capital expenditure and that it triggers a “treatment” classification upgrade for the consecutive system. This treatment classification comes with the requirement for the chief operator to possess a minimum of a drinking water “D” certificate. Additionally, research indicates that DBPs can continue to form after aeration; so this process is not necessarily a magic solution.

If the human race had not invented the wheel with its circular shape, we might have had a similar problem with transportation. For instance, if the wheel were square, we would still be asking questions of how to put ourselves in motion. The answer brings us back to the drawing board.

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The original design, anything but a circular pattern, is flawed. The same is true regarding DBPs. We must go back to the drawing board and examine the original design: the water chemistry in the initial treatment process. How does someone from a consecutive system do this? After all, the water comes from an upstream, wholesale provider.

This is the point at which representatives of both systems, or all systems if there is more than one consecutive system, must discuss the issue. At the onset, it is important for everyone to realize that he or she is on the same team: All systems must achieve compliance with drinking water regulations, after all.

Examining options with an open mind sometimes reveals solutions. For example, chemical dosage changes or alternate injection points with existing products can potentially improve water quality. Other possibilities include adding new chemicals to enhance treatment or replacing existing chemicals with other products. In some cases, capital improvements are needed to achieve appreciable changes to water quality. For instance, longer detention times through enlarged or newly added sedimentation basins can promote greater organic removal prior to chlorine injection. Lowering organic concentration before chlorine is introduced into the water lowers DBP formation potential.

As we progress through these options, the associated cost increases significantly. This burden will probably need to be shared by all parties. The wholesaler, of course, wants to provide the best product possible to its own customers and to its consecutive systems; and this objective is equally true for consecutive systems and their customers.

Before you try the expensive route, however, call upon MRWA. Although we are not engineers, we can review treatment strategies and conduct jar tests to try different chemicals and doses. Alternative chemistry options might allow your system, or your wholesaler, to reconsider expensive structural additions.

Although the ghost of DBPs haunts many consecutive systems in Missouri and across the country, it doesn’t necessarily mean that you have to lose sleep over this specter. You just might find a solution to this seemingly impossible problem once you open channels of communication with your wholesale water provider.

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Digital Technology Embracing Today for the Change of Tomorrow Andy Bowman, Training Specialist Have you ever stopped to think about how much life has changed since you were a kid? Not the obvious things like shaving, driving, paying the mortgage, or tending to kids or grandkids of your own...just everyday life and the everyday tasks that go along with it. I’ll use some examples from everyday life and popculture over the past few decades to illustrate.

In the 1930’s and 40’s, a detective named Dick Tracy frequently talked into his wristwatch. The 1960’s gave us Gene Roddenberry’s Star Trek and Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey. Star Trek’s Captain Kirk using his communicator to talk with his crew on the Starship Enterprise and A Space Odyssey’s talking supercomputer, HAL. Now let’s move from fiction to fact. Almost 50 years ago, July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo 11 Lunar Module on the moon’s Sea of Tranquility and would take it a “step” further with the original moonwalk. April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, would use a much larger rendering of Captain Kirk’s communicator and make the first mobile telephone call with subscriber equipment. Cooper later stated that his inspiration for the cell phone was Dick Tracy’s wristwatch. The 1970’s was also the decade of my introduction into the world. One of my most vivid childhood memories was the olive green wall phone between our kitchen and dining room; the color matched our kitchen appliances and the phone was fully equipped with rotary dial and extra-long handset cord for phone privacy. During the mid-90’s, widespread public use of the internet began, and one more reference to science fiction and Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey…..HAL (or at least the concept and voice) would be replaced October 2011 by Apple’s Siri, Speech Interpretation and Recognition Interface. So how does all this relate and affect you? TECHNOLOGY…more specifically, digital technology. What seemed to be science fiction only a few short decades ago is now becoming science fact, and it holds viability in the water and wastewater industries.

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Smartphones: During an onsite visit to a sewer district in the southeastern part of the state this past November, my phone dinged. I looked down and it was a text message: <Can you pick up milk on your way home?> It was my wife. About a half hour later, I hear another ding. This time it’s the wastewater operator’s phone. He shows me the text message on his phone: <LS6 Autogation System is working, good morning Robert, Ron and John. 23.11.2015 07:08 V6.0.0> After a few seconds of reading the message, I finally asked him the obvious questions, “Who is this from? What does it mean?” He smiles and interprets the message.

“This message is from the district’s Lift Station #6.

It’s telling me good morning and letting me know that everything is good.” Mind blown, this sparked a whole new conversation. His sewer district has 23 lift stations geographically covering eight miles as a crow flies. Not too bad if you’re a crow but if you’re an operator in a truck zig-zagging up and down streets through subdivisions, just doing a daily check of your lift stations could consume a major portion of your day. Of the district’s 23 lift stations, 6 are equipped with SCADA systems with operator text notification

capabilities. So what’s the benefit? Time saved is money saved. The operator also told me of an instance where the lift station’s floats were caked and malfunctioning and the lift station had sent him a text notifying him of an issue. Instead of having an SSO in a subdivision, he arrived at the lift station with ample time to clean the crud off the floats and restore the station to normal operation, diverting a possible catastrophe.

maps as needed. Then I looked on my desk and saw the “Christmas gift.” Another light bulb!! I quickly connected the tablet to my computer and downloaded the maps to the tablet. No need to print off maps when I had them all right in my hands. Did it make my maps any more accurate than their paper counterparts? No, but it did make accessing a map in the field far more convenient and instantaneous.

Laptops/Tablets/IPad:

Internet/email...and the WORLD WIDE WEB

While I was employed with my hometown as an operator, I received a 7” android tablet as a Christmas gift. My initial thought was, “Great!! Another one of those techie-gadgets that requires more electricity!!”

Did I mention yet that I did not embrace technology with arms-wide-open? Well, I didn’t. I too, was one of the neigh-sayers, that thought all of these electronic gizmos were useless attention stealers. I didn’t really think of the devices as being practical. Not long after receiving the tablet, our town embarked on a project that like most, involved engineering. One day, during a meeting with our engineering firm, a service call came in and I grabbed a map from the closet. Noticing how “used” and tattered the map was, the engineer asked me if the city had considered updating its maps. Our city was small and so was the budget and that was almost the end of the conversation. I then asked if the firm could make copies, seeing as they’re the ones that make originals. His question in reply was, “Paper or digital?”

The light bulb over my head lit up! I opted for digital.

I worked without maps for a week, but after that week, he dropped off our paper maps and a flash drive.

On the flash drive were all our water and wastewater system maps and as-built drawings. I downloaded those to my computer at the office so I could print out

Since its public use began, the land of www. has grown by leaps and bounds. Almost anything you could imagine looking up, you can find in the virtual world.

Before entering the field of water and wastewater, I worked in the transportation industry and had the luxury during that time to become a self-taught “surfer.”

As a new operator with limited knowledge, when I had opportunity, I found myself searching the web for information pertinent to my system and its operation. Compliance and regulatory, operation and maintenance, management and finance; you name it, the information was out there. Another facet of internet technology that has become more of an everyday event for most everyone is email. The first everyday operational item I found this to be helpful with was locate requests. Missouri One-Call made requests less of a hassle by emailing them rather than faxing them to an office. With the addition of a smartphone that carried email, I no longer had to stop by the office to retrieve paper copies of locate requests but rather my phone would “ding” at me notifying me of a new email. OneCall took it to yet another level by creating specific user accounts with which an operator was connected. Some additional entities that (continued on next page)

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have done the same thing by creating user account interfaces to more singularly connect with operators are the Missouri State Public Health Lab with its Open ELIS Portal for bac-t sample results and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources with the utilization and implementation of electronic Discharge Monitoring Reports. Utilizing specific user accounts in regards to an operator’s everyday activities, reduces the amount of time an operator would typically spend on these activities, saving time which reduces labor costs.

And now for something out of this world…..

MRWA’s Tom Hyatt recently shared an article published in The Water Network that sounds like something I would have seen or read about in the science fiction section as a youth. Written by Naizam (Nai) Jaffer, the article begins:

“Microbots can clean up polluted water (Phys.org)—A new study shows that a swarm of hundreds of thousands of tiny microbots, each smaller than the width of a human hair, can be deployed into industrial wastewater to absorb and remove toxic heavy metals. The researchers found that the microbots can remove 95% of

the lead in polluted water in one hour, and can be reused multiple times, potentially offering a more effective and economical way to remove heavy metals than previous methods.“ For the article in its entirety, visit : https://thewaternetwork.com/article-FfV/ graphene-microbots-can-clean-up-polluted-waterWywGPbrKakGS-Pz3LH_rSQ Below are some additionally helpful web links: http://www.moruralwater.org/ http://nrwa.org/ http://dnr.mo.gov/ https://dnr.mo.gov/operator/index.do http://dnr.mo.gov/pubs/pub2474.pdf Smartphones, tablets, and the world wide web are a few examples of digital technologies that have a multitude of uses for the water and wastewater operator.

What you’ve read are a few ways technology can be “tailored” to be used as tools. As operators, we need to embrace those technologies keeping in mind that we do live in the digital age and all the kicking and screaming we could do won’t reverse the passing of time and technological advancements. Take advantage of them.

Did you know...

MRWA has developed 10 FREE smartphone apps for you to utilize on the job.

Apps are available for both Apple and Android devices.

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Fair Labor Standards Act and Overtime — Changes are Coming Elizabeth Grove, Management Circuit Rider The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is a federal law that requires most employers, including local government employers, to pay at least minimum wage, pay overtime of time and one half for any hours worked over 40 in a work week, and restricts youth employment. The FLSA was passed by Congress in 1938 during the Great Depression as a means of putting people to work.

The FLSA allows for exemptions to the overtime pay requirement for certain jobs. There is a false assumption among some employers that simply changing an employee’s pay from hourly to a fixed salary will do away with paying overtime. This is not the case. Under the FLSA, an employee is categorized as either “exempt” from overtime pay or is “non-exempt”. How they are paid, either hourly or by salary, is irrelevant.

The law allows certain types of positions to be exempt from overtime pay. The primary classifications include the executive exemption, the administrative exemption, the professional exemption, computer employee exemption and outside sales exemption. For local governments, the most common exemptions claimed are the executive and the administrative.

The FLSA sets forth the requirements that each position must meet in order to be exempt from overtime pay. According to the U.S. Department of Labor’s Fact Sheet #17A, the exemption requirements are as follows: In order to qualify for the executive exemption, an employee must meet ALL of the following tests: 1. The employee must be compensated on a salary basis at a rate of not less than $455 per week.

2. The employee’s primary duty must be managing the business or managing a department or division.

3. The employee must regularly direct the work of at least two or more full time employees.

4. The employee must have authority to hire or fire other employees or their recommendations on hiring and firing, promotion or change of status of other employees must be given particular weight.

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In order to qualify for the administrative exemption, an employee must meet ALL of the following tests: 1. The employee must be compensated on a salary basis at a rate of not less than $455 per week.

2. The employee’s primary duty must be the performance of office or non-manual work directly related to the management or general business operations of the employer.

3. The employee’s primary duty includes the exercise of discretion and independent judgment with respect to matters of significance.

So, if you have a salaried employee who does not meet all of these tests for each category, they are not exempt from overtime pay. Even though they are paid by salary, any hours over 40 in a week must be paid in addition to their salary at time and a half of their regular hourly rate.

The Department of Labor has just announced changes in the minimum salary level for exempt employees. As of December 1, 2016, exempt employees must be paid a minimum salary of $913 per week. This amount will increase every three years based on a national salary index.

Local governments do have an option in regards to paying overtime. The employer can pay time and a half for all hours worked over 40 in a work week or, with the agreement of the employee, allow “comp time” for such employees. Comp time is to be accrued at the same time and a half rate that hourly overtime pay would be calculated. For example, one hour of overtime would result in one and a half hours of comp time for the employee. There is a limit on the number of hours an employee can accumulate. For most, the maximum amount of comp time that can be accrued is 240 hours.

Law enforcement, fire protection and emergency response personnel can accumulate up to 480 hours of comp time.

Above these limits, the employer must pay overtime pay to the employee. An employee must be allowed to take comp time on the date he/she requests unless doing so

would “unduly disrupt” the operations of the agency. If an employee leaves their employment with the local government, their comp time must be paid out to them.

This is a very simplistic explanation of the Fair Labor Standards Act. There is an abundance of information available to employers from the U.S. Department of Labor and the Missouri Department of Labor and Industrial Relations. (www.dol.gov) and (www.labor. mo.gov)

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Around the State Capitol Harry Hill, MRWA Legislative Liaison The year was 1916 and there was a lot going on in the Show-Me State. In St. Louis the Democrats held their national convention in mid-June to select a presidential candidate. They nominated Woodrow Wilson who pledged to keep the U.S. out of the brutal “Great War” that was raging in Europe.

At the same time a magnificent new capitol was being built on the south bank of the big river in Jefferson City.

A 20 x 28-in. photo dated October 15, 1916, hangs on a capitol basement wall outside House Hearing Room 6.

The photo, with surprising clarity and detail, reveals an “unvarnished” image of the work in progress.

Construction materials are stacked in apparent indiscriminate lots near the project. A pile of what would appear to be nail kegs is on the left side of the photo and partially obscures the view of a man driving a horsedrawn wagon near the incomplete structure. A trail of thin-wheeled wagon tracks is visible in the foreground and moves around the stack of kegs.

On the other side of the photo, a thin-wheeled wagon is parked near sculpted and numbered Carthage Marble blocks. There appears to be considerable work-related activity near the top of the capitol dome.

Nineteen-sixteen also was the year that Joshua C. Bradley, my great-grandfather, was elected to Missouri’s General Assembly for his third and final term. He was from Goldsberry in Northern Macon County.

The state manual of that time said he was born eight years before the Civil War in Kentucky and was a farmer, merchant and lawyer who had attended the Normal School in Kirksville. The record states he served

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as chair of the Mines and Mining Committee as well as a member of the Eleemosynary (charitable) Institutions Committee.

Records also would indicate Rep. Bradley spent his time conducting the state’s business in an obscure temporary building made of wood and stucco. A fire had destroyed the previous capitol a year before he was first elected in 1912.

And while my mom says she can remember her grandparents ( Joshua and Nora Bradley) visiting her family in their South Gifford home, little is known of Mr. Bradley’s time in Jefferson City.

How did he get to Jefferson City? Did he go by train or did he trust his automobile of that era to be reliable enough for the journey? I would expect roads and bridges of 100 years ago to be primitive. Some legislators who had to travel a distance to the capitol remained there for the duration of the session because weekly trips home were so arduous as to be impractical.

Did Rep. Bradley stay in a hotel room or keep an apartment in one of the large brick homes on East Capitol Avenue as a number of other legislators apparently did?

After the day’s business was done, and weather permitted, perhaps Rep. Bradley would stroll over to the Capitol grounds to inspect the work in progress. I muse over the possibilities at times as I walk up to the grand old structure.

The above mentioned photo and others from the Capitol construction period are displayed on some walls in the west end of the capitol basement.

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36 RWLF Full page ad Under Construction Friday, May 29, 2015 2:54:34 PM

Avoid Getting Tapped Out: Pricing Strategies to Ensure Clean, Safe Water Continues to Flow Shafer, Kline & Warren’s Danny Coltrane offers insight into how planning and maintaining clean water systems are essential to the health and safety of communities.

Lenexa, Kansas – People take water for granted. Every day, when the tap is turned on to fill a glass, take a shower or water a lawn, water is there. Water could be considered the original on-demand service. But this attitude can be dangerous, and Danny Coltrane is passionate about changing it.

Unlike other on-demand services like an instant movie download, water is not a luxury expense. It is necessary for living a safe and healthy lifestyle. In a time when cities, such as Flint, Michigan, are facing the unthinkable reality of unsafe or dry taps, Coltrane’s message to community officials who say they can’t afford to fix their community’s water problems is simple: They can’t afford not to.

As managing director of Shafer, Kline & Warren (SKW) Water Resources South Region, Coltrane specializes in the effective treatment and distribution of water and wastewater. He has studied growth patterns, investigated system facilities and produced comprehensive planning documents to ensure communities are prepared

A professional engineer, Danny Coltrane works with communities to develop effective solutions for the treatment and distribution of water and wastewater.

to operate and maintain their water resources for years to come.

“There are some places that brag that they haven’t raised rates in 20 years, and the residents think that is a good thing,” said Coltrane. “To me, that’s sad. They have done nothing to control their future and have only postponed the inevitable cost of replacement to the next generation.”

Coltrane advises that by understanding the life span of water systems, developing a comprehensive maintenance program, planning for reasonable rate increases and maximizing funds, communities can ensure clean water is available now and in the future.

“When you sign on to be a city commissioner or official, you are there to watch out for the public’s health and safety,” said Coltrane. “The delivery of clean, safe water is an essential component of that.”

One of the underlying assumptions that Coltrane confronts as a consulting engineer is that utilities have a 100-year life expectancy. He clarifies that while a system might have this lifespan, there are parts of that system that have a 20-year lifespan.

“Many of the water districts that came into existence in the 1960s use products that are inferior to today’s products,” said Coltrane. “They are coming to the end of their life expectancy and need to be inspected, repaired or replaced.”

One of the dangers of not planning and maintaining these systems is that the operations and maintenance costs of the system could exceed the service’s worth.

However, by creating a plan that matches the life span of the system, municipalities can ensure they are able to replace system components as needed.

“If you have a 100-year lifespan on 100 miles of pipe, a very simple plan is to replace one mile of pipe per year,” said Coltrane. “What can happen is that people try to save money by replacing a half mile at a time, but then the replacement plan is twice the life expectancy of the pipe.”

Each year, cost of living adjustments reflect the corresponding inflation. Many of the small towns and (continued on next page) 37

(continued from page 37)

rural water districts initially built their systems on grant funds, but without those same start-up grants available, the communities need to account for replacing systems at full price.

“By raising water rates with the cost of living, municipalities can sufficiently support their operating costs and effectively maintain their system without a sudden raise of 50 percent or more to account for a budget shortfall,” asked Coltrane.

Understanding the integrity of facilities and systems is the foundation for developing a planning document for the municipality. Coltrane advises performing a root cause analysis and developing a comprehensive plan is essential for maintaining water systems.

“Do not plan for the water system and ignore the tank,” said Coltrane. “Take a complete view of the entire system as well as population trends, regulations and risk factors.”

One of the benefits of the comprehensive planning and incremental rate increases that reflect the cost of living is that these steps allow cities to maximize the efficiency of their funds.

“Once they have done the work on planning, cities and districts can watch economic and material trends during implementation,” said Coltrane. “In one case, we were saving 10-25 percent on materials off the standard bid process.”

“Our culture is such that we want everything now, and it can be hard to think about the future. But we can’t take water for granted. By changing the way we think about water, we can sustain our quality of life and preserve this standard of living for our children and grandchildren.

That’s something worth investing in,” added Coltrane.

About SKW: Communities begin at Shafer, Kline & Warren (SKW).

Since 1950, our surveying, engineering and construction services have helped clients make everyday life better, easier and safer. Our expertise provides comprehensive solutions for energy and infrastructure in communities large and small. Learn more at skw-inc.com.

MRWA Services Did you know you can receive MRWA’s eUpdate Newsletter to get the latest industry news delivered right to your inbox? Receive early notice of conference registration information, classes and various other MRWA activities.

How about text notifications? MRWA will also send text messages about upcoming classes, events and severe weather preparedness reminders to your mobile device.

All you need to do to receive either of these services is go to the MRWA website at www.moruralwater.org and scroll to the bottom of the page. Fill out a couple of questions and that’s it.

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Manufacturers who are our partners and for which Midwest Meter Inc. is a leading distributor: Clow Valve Company, Ionware, Kennedy Valve, M&H Valve, Badger Meter, Ford Meter Box, Clow Water Systems, Regal Gas Chlorinators, and Tyler Pipe. Midwest Meter specializes in meter repair and testing both sonic and conventional.

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MRWA Calendar of Events August

October

3

Optimizing Chloramine Treatment

Vandalia

4

Drinking Water Certification Class Begins Rolla

6

Board & Council Training

Lebanon

10

Columbus Day MRWA Office Closed

11

Sustainable Management for Rural & Small Systems

Richland

25

MRWA Board Meeting

Lake Ozark

17

Office Professional Training

Maysville

25-26

Office Professionalsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Seminar

Lake Ozark

18

Office Professional Training

Republic

26

Legislative Planning

Lake Ozark

18

Sustainable Management for Rural & Small Systems Jamesport

27-28

Fall Conference

Lake Ozark

23-24

9th Annual Bootheel Expo

Poplar Bluff

September 5

Labor Day Holday MRWA Office Closed

7

Drinking Water Certification Class Begins Fredericktown

12-14

NRWA WaterPro Conference

Orlando, FL

November 11

Veterans Day MRWA Office Closed

24-25

Thanksgiving Holiday MRWA Office Closed

December 23-26

Christmas Holiday MRWA Office Closed

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PRSRT STD US POSTAGE

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ATTENTION: WATER DEPT.

When finished reading, please route to n Operators/Managers n Clerk/Treasurer n Board/Council/Commission

Jefferson City, MO Permit No. 89