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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

opi n io n

Drugs, bombs and failure

HE US has failed in Afghanistan. The news is not new but the details of its failures and the consequences are ever more alarming.

Since President Donald Trump announced his administration’s new South Asia strategy last November, giving the military more authority to undertake actions, a new spate of bombings has ensued.

Between last November, when the new strategy of attacking sources of Afghan Taliban funding was put in place, and this past May, the US military and Nato have carried out over 100 air strikes against what they believe are drug-testing facilities. Bombing these areas, the US military now believes, will stem the opium production that over $8 billion in funding for anti-narcotics measures have not.

But, ending drug addiction, a huge problem in Afghanistan, is not really the goal. The current commander of US forces in Afghanistan and the Trump administration believe that the main source of funding for the Afghan Taliban is opium production. It is true that opium production in Afghanistan has increased by huge percentages in the last few years. In 2017, estimates show that opium production increased by over 60pc. After 40 years of war, 17 of them under US/Nato occupation, poppy is a rescue crop for farmers leading an existence in extreme poverty. A study by the Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit found that for millions of Afghans, the drug economy is the only source of income.

Ending drug addiction, a huge problem in Afghanistan, is not really America’s goal.

It is indeed a dilemma: while poppy cultivation has provided livelihood to many with no recourse to other occupations in a war-ravaged country, it has lethal implications within and outside Afghanistan.

Meanwhile, even as it courts the Taliban for peace talks, the US under Trump believes that a ‘victory’ is only possible if the sources of funding are eliminated. In the words of former US army commander Gen John Nicholson, the plan is to “hit the Taliban where it hurts; their finances”, and “nearly 200 million of this opium industry goes into the Taliban’s bank accounts and this … really pays for the insurgency”.

While Nicholson, and the bomb-happy Trump administration may believe this, not everyone within the US security establishment does. A CIA report from 2009 disputed the idea that the opium trade was the only source of Taliban funding. Instead, it proposed that the funding on which the group relied comes from a variety of sources. Other more recent reports, including those by the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, have shown that while the Taliban undoubtedly receive funding from opium production, it is not the only form of revenue, with money from taxation and donations also forming significant sources of income for the insurgent group.

Under President Donald Trump, carrying out hundreds of bombings on alleged centres of narcotics testing and production is just the sort of face the US wants to present to the world. Devoid of understanding or nuance and bent on creating a lurid and unnecessary show of its military power, the bombings are a cruel reminder of an America that bombs first and thinks later.

It is unknown when that moment of thinking and evaluation will ever come. In the meantime, reports and studies from Helmand province, where many of the air strikes have taken place, show that the reason for poppy and opium cultivation is related strongly to the lack of a central government and security.

In Helmand province, where over 40pc of Afghanistan’s poppy cultivation is said to take place, only a handful of districts are controlled by the central government, with the rest being under control of the Taliban.

According to a recent paper on the insurgency and drug trade in Helmand province, many poor people prefer to live in the Taliban-controlled districts of the province because they are then permitted to cultivate opium while the governmentcontrolled areas crack down on it — crucially, without providing any alternatives for their livelihood. It is tragic that the Afghan government and international donors have not concentrated on curbing poppy production by investing in sustainable long-term occupations for the people.

Air strikes will inevitably kill

and hurt and injure and destroy the poor in a place where death and violation have commanded lives for too long. In the rage of defeat, it seems, the US has turned to the fury of destroying even further what it has been unable to transform. If all else fails, bombs will do, despite the fact that they promise only destruction and little prospect of reversing either Afghanistan’s or America’s fortunes.

The bombs and air strikes will neither defeat the Afghan Taliban, nor end opium production. They will make life harder for Afghans who, because of a lack of options and the yearning for survival, farm opium.

Others will die in the path of bombs, their undeserved ends justified by the assumption that they deserved to die. The dead, even the children and the women, will be collateral damage in the war against drugs, sating perhaps the ire of a US that has, at least in Afghanistan, lost the ‘war on terror’.

Lost wars necessitate bombs and blame, and that is precisely what is being doled out in Afghanistan. The options before the US seem to be a lost war or an endless war, and so far it seems to be choosing the latter. The bitter truth is that the Afghan people, weakened, ravaged, used and massacred, need opium to survive — they have been stripped of forms of livelihood that do not carry such devastating consequences for millions around the globe.

The writer is an attorney teaching constitutional law and political philosophy.

By: Rafia Zakaria Source: Dawn

Waan laysa lil insaniilla ma’ sa’aa That man can have nothing but what he strives for.

‘Apology for Immoral Act’!

By: Gulshan Aalani; The liberal Government-P.M. Trudeau will officially apologize in the House of commons on Nov. 7 for decision to turn away Jewish refugees.

In 1939, the MS St. Louis left Germany carrying 907 German Jewish passengers fleeing persecution by the Nazi regime looking for refuge in Canada, but they were turned away under the ‘None is Too Many’ immigration policy of the time.

Trudeau called “our discrimina-

tory, immigration policy.”

When Ottawa refused to let the MS St. Louis passengers disembark, the ship returned to Europe.

Trudeau called the turning away of the ship a “most egregious” example of the misguided policy.

“This was an absolute moral failure on the part of the government, and though of course an apology can’t bring the victims back, we’re committed to doing what we can to right this wrong”. Said Hon. P.M. No doubt we are all aware of the tragedy of 1914 decision to turn away the Komagata Maru ship that was carrying 376 migrants, mostly Sikhs. They too got the apology.

Apology and regrets for other people’s wrong doings of discrimination, hatred and cruelty proves human care, also proves the existence of good and evil.

Moreover, proving the lack of righteousness, mercy, political sanity, ethics and moral values.

The tragedy increased by refusal of entry to Jewish refugee who were forced to return to Europe where 254 of those eventually died in the

Holocaust with many others. The tragedy of Holocaust (Ha-Shoah) took place between 1933 and 1945.

In 1921 Hitler became leader of the Nazi party. The Nazi were racist and believed that their Aryan race was superior to others. To them, an Aryan was anyone who was European and not Jewish, Romany, or Slavic.

In 1934 Hitler became Germany’s head of state. He introduced antiSemitic laws which discriminated against Jewish people living in the areas he controlled.

Some of these laws meant that Jewish children could no longer go to school, keep pets or have a bicycle.

Unbelievable cruelty, Child abuse and dictatorship of hate-monger.

The Nazis believed that Jews were a problem that needed to be removed.

The same satanic belief of hatred of Muslims is visible in Genocide of Rohingya Muslims by the notorious Burmese Military and Aung San, prosecution and worst hatred of Palestinian, is like Hitler is reborn.

The mass killings of the Holocaust were what Hitler called “The Final Solution”.

Such evil acts cannot be called ‘solution’.

Yet, even today the same sickness of hatred, political insanity and evil killing is on going.

Although, none of the above tragedies was heard in my country E. Africa: we never heard of Holocaust, Komagata Maru, 2 W-WARS. One wonders why is it called WW? Africa wasn’t involved in any 2 wars Thus, coming to Canada the Gates of knowledge opened up for us, we discovered Quran, Islam and gained knowledge of Divine Scriptures, as well became aware of all of the tragedies that gave shiver to the Spine, watching the TV documentary on horrific Holocaust, and Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki, people burning from explosion, Black Mushroom Cloud rising, and the rain water turned black. “It was like Hell, this was the Buddhist hell”. Said Sociologist.

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Contents

Editorial & Int. News Local Middle East

Faith Politics Health Women Lifestyle Youth Social Pakistan Immig.

Urdu

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important note:

Letters to the editor do not reflect the opinion of the Miracle media group. We do not publish anonymous letters or the letters of the people who do not disclose their identity to ‘The Miracle.’ A writer can use a pen name or request ‘The Miracle’ to withhold his / her identity. Please include your daytime telephone number for the confirmation of your letter. We regret the inconvenience.

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PAKISTAN

PM Khan acknowledges ISI’s contribution to national security

Prime Minister Imran Khan on Wednesday acknowledged the Inter-Services Intelligence’s (ISI) contribution towards national security and counter-terrorism efforts during a visit to the agency’s headquarter, where he was received by Chief of Army Staff General Qamar Javed Bajwa and Director General of ISI Lt Gen Naveed Mukhtar.PM Khan, after arriving the ISI HQ in Islamabad, laid floral wreath at Yadgar-i-Shuhada and offered Fateha, said an Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) press release.

The prime minister said that the ISI is Pakistan’s first line of defence and that the government and people of the country stand behind their armed forces and their intelligence agencies.He was also briefed about various strategic intelligence and national security matters during his visit to the ISI headquarter. Source: .dawn.com

CJP lashes out at dam critics, says they are ‘pursuing someone else’s agenda’

Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Mian Saqib Nisar on Wednesday, while hearing a case on the Dadhocha dam, lashed out at critics opposing the construction of dams in the country, saying that they were pursuing “someone else’s agenda”.

The CJP, recalling a scientist’s remark that the Supreme Court should form its own political party, said: “There is no need for anyone to say this. It is a matter of fundamental rights.”Justice Nisar said that dams were being constructed for Pakistan’s future generations.

He added that there would be “no compromise on this issue”, whether those criticising the move were “well-known

scientists or political leaders”. He claimed that those opposing the construction of dams are “working on someone else’s agenda, and the agenda is that ‘dams shouldn’t be built in Pakistan’..“We won’t let the agenda to not build dams be successful.” the CJP said. “We will build dams under all circumstances.” The CJP, who was heading a three-judge bench, made the remarks during a case pertaining to land earmarked for the construction of the Dadhocha dam.

In 2006, the Defence Housing Authority (DHA) had purchased 18,000 kanals at the site where the dam was to be built and launched a housing scheme as a joint venture with Bahria Town. The DHA Valley scheme, meant for the bereaved families of martyred military personnel, was proposed as the dam site.

On Aug 4, 2015, the SC in a suo motu case directed the Punjab government to construct the dam at the originally proposed site. Soon after these directives, the government banned the sale and purchase of land in the area and allocated funds for the construction of the dam in its annual development plan for 2017-18.. On the SC’s directives, the Punjab government in 2017 initiated the process to construct the dam at a cost of Rs7 billion to overcome the water shortage in Rawalpindi.The National Accountability Bureau (NAB) had previously initiated investigations against DHA Islamabad, Bahria Town and Capital Development Authority administrations for the Rs62 billion DHA Valley project and its Phase-II (extension) scams.. Source: .dawn.com

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PML-N announces funeral arrangements for Kulsoom Nawaz

Spokesperson for the PML-N Marriyum Aurangzeb on Wednesday evening announced that Begum Kulsoom Nawaz’s funeral prayers will be offered on Friday, September 14, at the Sharif Medical City in Jati Umra. Party sources in Lahore had

earlier confirmed to the media that Begum Kulsoom would be laid to rest at the Jati Umra residence of the Sharif family.

Congregational prayers (Rasm-e-Qul) for the benefit of the deceased will be offered on September 16 (Sunday) from Asr (late afternoon) to Maghrib (sunset), Aurangzeb announced.

Former prime minister Nawaz Sharif, his daughter Maryam Nawaz and son-in-law retired captain Mohammad Safdar had been released from Rawalpindi’s Adiala jail on parole in the early hours of Wednesday, hours after Begum Kulsoom Nawaz’s demise in a London hospital.They are currently at Jati Umra, awaiting the funeral. Three rooms inside the residence have been declared a sub-jail, DawnNewsTV reported.

Meanwhile, PML-N President Shahbaz Sharif arrived in London in the early hours of Thursday to attend Begum Kulsoom’s funeral prayers at the Regent’s Park mosque. He will accompany Begum Kulsoom’s body back to Lahore.

Family sources told Dawn that Kulsoom’s sons would not ac-

company her body to Lahore, though her other daughter, Asma, and grandson, Zikriya Sharif, would go with the casket to Pakistan.“A PIA flight carrying the body will arrive here on Friday morning and she is likely to be laid to rest the same day beside the grave of her father-in-law Mian Sharif at Jati Umra,” they said. Source: .dawn.com

Punjab CM did not influence Pakpattan DPO’s transfer: IG Punjab’s report

Punjab Chief Minister Usman Buzdar was only acting as a mediator and did not attempt to influence the police amidst the Pakpattan controversy that eventually led to the transfer of District Police Officer (DPO) Rizwan Gondal, former Punjab Inspector General of Police (IGP) Syed Kaleem Imam told the Supreme Court in his inquiry report on Wednesday.

The report, submitted in the apex court today, stated that the chief minister had indeed summoned the police officials concerned without informing the IGP,

but proceeded to act “only as an elder” to mediate between the parties in conflict.

The CM was very hospitable towards the police officers and during the meeting, which he “hosted”, the report states, the policemen were not harassed or pressurised in any way.Imam, in his report, further observed that the Punjab CM neither issued any written orders or gave any directives pertaining to the DPO’s transfer. Instead, the report said, Buzdar had told the RPO to settle the issue himself, which “makes it clear that there was

no interference in policing matters”.

However, the report noted that DPO Gondal had felt that he was being “interrogated by a stranger” in the presence of the RPO and the CM during the meeting.

While DPO Gondal was displeased at being called to the CM’s office, the report says, he had not complained of being harassed or pressurised in the meeting.

The report recommended that, in the future, Punjab CM go through the provincial IGP to summon any police officials instead of doing so directly.

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Afghanistan: Suicide bomber kills Xi, Putin meet as Russia kicks off biggest ever war games 32 in attack on protesters

A suicide attack on protesters and a bomb blast in front of a girl’s school in eastern Afghanistan killed at least 33 people on Tuesday as a recent wave of attacks across the country continued.

A suicide bomber targeted a group of men demanding the dismissal of a local police commander in Nangarhar province’s Achin district, Ataullah Khogyani, the governor’s spokesman, told Al Jazeera.

Thirty-two people died and at least 130 people were wounded in the blast.

“All people killed were civilians in the attack,” Khogyani said, adding a number of wounded were in critical condition.Local media reported hundreds of protesters from Achin district gathered in Mohmand Dara district near the Jalalabad-Torkham highway when the bomber detonated explosives. The reason for the demonstration against the police chief was not immediately clear.

The deadly suicide attack came hours after multiple bombings targeted schools in Nan-

garhar’s capital, Jalalabad.

One blast went off at the entrance of Malika Omaira girls’ school in the morning, killing a 14-year-old boy and wounding four other people. It was followed by two explosions in Behsud district, also near two schools.

Afghan President Ashraf Ghani condemned the suicide attack among the protesters, as well as the school bombings in Nangarhar.

The Taliban denied any involvement in the attacks and no other group claimed responsibility for the violence.

Nangarhar has been a main stronghold of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) fighters since early 2015.

A number of attacks across Afghanistan in recent weeks have killed hundreds of civilians and prominent journalists.

Twin bombings at a sports club in the capital Kabul last Wednesday killed at least 20 people and wounded 70 others. Two journalists a reporter and cameraman - working for local Tolo News were among the dead.

On Sunday, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives close to a procession commemorating the death of a former anti-Soviet and anti-Taliban commander, Ahmed Shah Massoud, killing at least seven people and wounding 24.

A ceasefire in June between the Taliban and the government - as well as talks between US officials and Taliban representatives in Qatar in July - raised hopes the 17-year conflict could end with negotiations, but the country has seen a rise in deadly attacks that have targeted civilians.Source: Al-Jazeera

EU parliament to vote on rebuking Hungary’s Viktor Orban

The European Union parliament will vote on Wednesday whether to punish Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban for undercutting democracy and breaching “common values of the EU”, including pushing the passage of antiimmigrant laws.

If the so-called “Article 7” of the Lisbon Treaty is triggered, it would set in motion a process that could lead to sanctions such as a suspension of Hungary’s voting rights in the EU, and put the bloc on a collision course with Orban, who on Tuesday vowed to defy the vote.

“Whatever your decision will be, Hungary will not accede to this blackmail. Hungary will protect its borders, stop illegal migration, and defend its rights,” Orban told the European parliament.

“Hungary is going to be condemned because Hungarian people have decided that this country is not going to be a country of migrants.”

The European Union parliament will vote on Wednesday whether to punish Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban for undercutting democracy and breaching “common values of the EU”, including pushing the passage of antiimmigrant laws.

Article 7 of the Lisbon Treaty was designed to dissuade EU member states from reverting to values Europe considers anti-democratic. The treaty, which was ratified by all 27-member states and came into force in 2009, governs the European Union following its expansion.

It is expected a majority of the 750-member legislative body will vote against Hungary.

But it is still unclear if the required two-thirds majority threshold to enforce the motion will come to fruition.

The European Council - which comprises all heads of the 27-member states including Hungary - is then required to act “by unanimity” to determine the “existence of a serious and persistent breach” by a member state, and carry out sanctions.

Hungary has been in the crosshairs of the European Union after Orban put pressure on courts, media and non-government groups since coming to power in 2010.

Though the EU has often protested, it has largely failed to stop what Orban’s critics decry

Russia launched its largest war games since the Cold War on Tuesday with hundreds of thousands of troops, including Chinese soldiers taking part for the first time, in eastern Siberia.

The massive military manoeuvres come as tensions between the West and Russia have intensified to the highest level since the days of the Soviet Union. The drills have been condemned by NATO as a rehearsal for a “large-scale conflict”.

Dubbed Vostok-2018, the war games involve more than 300,000 troops, 36,000 tanks, 1,000 aircraft and 80 warships and support vessels, according to Russia’s defence ministry.

It broadcast images of military trucks being transported on trains, columns of tanks, armoured vehicles and naval vessels on the move, and combat helicopters and fighter aircraft taking off.

The main aim was to check the military’s readiness to move troops large distances, to test how closely infantry and naval forces cooperated, and to perfect command and control procedures, the ministry said. Later stages will involve rehearsals of both defensive and offensive scenarios.

Russia said 24 helicopters and six jets belonging to the Chinese air force had moved to Russian air bases for the exercise.

Beijing has said 3,200 members of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) will join in the operations, about 5,000km east of Moscow.

NATO has said it will monitor the exercise closely as will the United States, which has a strong military presence in the Asia-Pacific region. It is likely to be watched attentively

by Japan and North and South Korea.

The start of Vostok-2018 coincided with a meeting between Russia’s President Vladimir Putin who met his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping on the sidelines of the Eastern Economic Forum in Vladivostok.

Putin said Moscow has a “trusting relationship” with Beijing “in politics, security and defence”, while Xi said both countries would continue to “make joint efforts to … push the China-Russia relationship up to a new height”.

The three-day meeting in Vladivostok brings together the leaders of Russia, China, Japan and South Korea, as well 5,000 delegates

from 60 countries.

It is the two leaders’ third meeting and comes amid an escalating US-China trade war and US-led sanctions against Russia over the conflict in Ukraine.

Fyodor Lukyanov, editor of Russia in Global Affairs, said the coming together of Moscow and Beijing was a direct response to moves by the United States.

“Clearly we can see a growing rapprochement between Russia and China because of the very assertive line against both countries by the United States. And in this regard we can say that Donald Trump is the major patron of the Russian-Chinese closer relationship,” said Lukyanov.

Dmitri Trenin, a former Russian army colonel and director of the Carnegie Moscow Center think-tank, agreed.

“With its Vostok-2018 exercise Russia sends a message that it regards the US as a potential enemy and China as a potential ally,” wrote Trenin.

Wednesday will see war games featuring anti-aircraft technology, while the main event will be on Thursday.

The Russian army compared the show of force to the USSR’s 1981 war games that saw between 100,000 and 150,000 Warsaw Pact soldiers take part in Zapad-81 - the largest military exercises of the Soviet era.

But Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu noted these exercises were far larger.

“Imagine 36,000 military vehicles moving at the same time: tanks, armoured personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles - and all of this, of course, in conditions as close to a combat situation as possible,” Shoigu said.

Source: Al-Jazeera

as his growing authoritarian drive.

Orban’s refusal to accept some of the Mediterranean arrivals overwhelming coastal states such as Italy has upset many of his EU peers, including Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras.“Do you really believe that any country ... can survive on its own without help, without the solidarity and cooperation of other countries?” he told the legislators.

“There can be no future for Europe like that.”

In June, Hungary’s parliament overwhelmingly passed a law imposing jail terms on anybody seen to be aiding undocumented immigrants.

The law targets rights groups and NGOs and allows the banning of organisations.

In addition to the bill, the parliament also passed a constitutional amendment stating an “alien population” cannot be settled in Hungary.Aside from its anti-immigrant stance, Orban’s government is also accused of silencing independent media and academia, removing independent judges, cracking down on organisations helping homeless people, migrants or disadvantaged groups, such as Roma, and condoning government corruption.

At a time of growing anti-immigrant sentiment in Europe, the impending vote against Orban’s government has sharply divided the bloc.

Italy’s anti-immigration Interior Minister Matteo Salvini, whose League party has six legislators in the European body, said: “We will vote in defence of Orban.”Source: Al-Jazeera

Hajjaj-e-Karam and Congratulations

Welcome Back to all

Miracle Media would like to congratulate all the Hajj groups returning to their homes after recently performing Hajj in 1439H. Allah (swt) accept all their Hajj and Duaas.(Ameen)

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

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Canada has made almost $300M from retaliatory tariffs on U.S.

Canada has received almost $300 million in duties due to the retaliatory tariffs it imposed on U.S. goods following the imposition of President Donald Trump’s steel and aluminum tariffs.

Trump’s tariffs have been called unacceptable and illegal by both Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Foreign Affairs minister Chrystia Freeland.

The U.S. president imposed the tariffs earlier this year, saying his country had been treated “badly” in trade relations. Though initially Canada was exempt, that didn’t last long and Trump’s tariffs came into effect June 1.

At the time, Trump cited national security reasons for the tariffs.

On July 1, Canada fought back by imposing its own tariffs, on a total of $16.6 billion in goods, on things like yogurt, coffee, dish detergent, chocolate, prepared meals including pizza and quiche and whiskies.

Numbers provided to Global News by the Canada Border Services Agency show that under those retaliatory tariffs, the federal government collected about $118 million in July and another $168 million in August, for a total of $286 million.Those numbers do not include what might have been collected from some domestic companies that have applied for and received an exemption to the tariffs through federal programs designed to limit the impact of the tariffs.

It is not clear how many domestic compa-

I n t

nies have benefitted from the programs.

The money collected is expected to be funneled back into the affected sectors.

“We are committed to making sure that every dollar raised in reciprocal tariffs is given back in the form of support for affected sectors,” Pierre-Olivier Herbert, spokesperson for Finance Minister Bill Morneau, said to Global News in an email.

On the U.S. side of things, a spokesperson for the U.S. Border and Customs Protection Agency says the country doesn’t tally data on the dollar value of tariffs collected broken down by country. The U.S. imposed tariffs on US$1.8 billion worth of Canadian steel and another US$535 million on Canadian aluminum.

The American numbers are reflective of the money assessed by the tariffs, and not the actual amount collected and processed by the U.S., the spokesperson clarified. That means the amount actually collected can change because of drawbacks or exemptions granted to the tariffs.The U.S. has also imposed the steel and aluminum tariffs on all countries except Argentina and Australia, with Brazil and South Korea receiving exemptions for just the steel tariffs.

According to preliminary data from the U.S. Census, the U.S. imported 416,420 tonnes of steel from Canada in July 2018 worth US$413 million. In July 2017, the country imported 422,206 tonnes of steel from Canada worth US$392 million. There was no data available for the month of August.

There was no data immediately available for aluminum imports.

The numbers come as Freeland is back in Washington to resume negotiations on a trade deal with the U.S. to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement.

The U.S. and Canada have been locked in talks for weeks since Mexico and the U.S. announced their own bilateral trade deal.

Source: Global News

This 24-year-old is trying to become Vancouver’s youngest-ever city councillor

Saying that “it’s time to bring the fragmented communities of our city together,” 24-year-old Abubakar Khan announced he has submitted his nomination papers for this year’s municipal election in October.

If elected, Khan would be Vancouver’s youngest-ever city councillor.

“More than anything, I’m excited by what Vancouver could be,” said Khan. “Our communities have so much to give each other: ethnic leaders and academics, tech innovators and mental health experts.”

His goal is “tie them together and give them the resources for a closer-knit, more nurturing Vancouver.”

Khan’s platform includes support for partnerships between the city and the tech community to solve local problems, such as inefficiencies in the Permit Office process,

which he says have slowed the growth of affordable housing. It also includes support for expanded provincial financing of psychotherapy, drug decriminalization and affordable housing development, along with other measures.

He also hosts a podcast, “The Chosen Khan,” on which he discusses topics such as addiction, homelessness, and mental health with Vancouver residents.

“I love listening to people because their insights into problems are so different. Housing affordability, the tech scene, loneliness and mental health,” he explained. “We can find the solutions if we interact more with each other. And I think government has to help us do that.”

Vancouverites head to the polls on Saturday, October 20. Source: Daily Hive

B.C.’s largest cities on a spending spree for last decade: report

Wage increases for municipal workers, property taxes and city hall spending have all grown far faster than the rate of inflation and the population growth over the last decade. This new report, by a national business group, comes out as mayors and councillors are about to run for re-election.

Less than six weeks before municipal elections, a new report is criticizing B.C.’s cities and towns for jacking up both spending and property taxes by 43 per cent between 2006 and 2016, during a time when the province’s population increased by just 12 per cent.

The report, from the Canadian Federation of Independent Business, ranks 152 B.C. municipalities on their operational spending, which includes costs such as policing, parks and transportation, but does not include capital expenditures such as infrastructure projects.

If spending during that decade had been limited to inflation and factors such as population growth, the federation argues, the average family of four could have avoided paying nearly $8,000 in property taxes — the main source of revenue for municipalities.

“Every year has seen spending grow beyond a sustainable rate, which raises the financial burden on British Columbians, including entrepreneurs,” says the report, titled B.C. Municipal Spending Watch: Trends in Operating Spending 2006-2016.

The business group analyzed the municipalities’ fiscal performances by using data from federal, provincial and municipal governments, including collective agreements, annual reports, and statistics.

The federation gave equal weight to two measures: overall operational spending increases for 2006-2016 (adjusted for inflation) and the 2016 per-resident spending total, which takes into account population growth.

It highlighted the 20 biggest cities, where three-quarters of B.C.’s population lives, and found operational spending went up 26 per cent between 2006 and 2016, with an average of $1,537 spent per resident in 2016.

It gave the worst marks to Langley Township for accelerating its expenditures by 50 per cent over that decade, although even with the highest pace of growth its per-person output was lower than average, at $1,388.

“Each municipality has it’s own unique challenges that will at times increase their spending, and for us it was fire,” said Langley Township Mayor Jack Froese, who is running for re-election.

During that decade, he said, Langley went from a paid-call to a full-time fire department, and taxes had to increase to fund that.

“For a community that has gone from primarily rural to now rural and urban, we are really seeing challenges in growth that are really affecting how we do our spending,” he said.He added that some cities, such as Langley City, Richmond and Coquitlam, get revenue from casinos, while his does not.

The second-worst ranking went to New Westminster, which has increased its operation spending at an average pace (29 per cent) over the decade, but spends the most money per resident of any of the other city: $2,225. New Westminster Mayor Jonathan Coté, who is running for re-election, could not be reached for comment.

Other cities that ranked poorly include Abbotsford, Delta and the District of North Vancouver.Top marks went to Port Coquitlam, Maple Ridge and Kelowna, which all had below-average spending increases over the decade, as well as relatively low per-person expenditures in 2016.

Port Coquitlam Mayor Greg Moore, who is not running for re-election, said his city consults with residents about where they want money spent, most notably through a budget summary sent to every home, which generates about 1,400 responses a year. The city then uses that feedback to determine less-popular spending areas where savings can be found.“When you are looking at spending in each local government, you have to balance spending with what the priorities are that the community wants. That’s kind of the art of governing,” Moore said.

Surrey, which ranked ninth out of the 20 biggest cities, had intriguing statistics: it has increased spending over the decade by 31 per cent, but still has the lowest per-person spending at $1,057. Vancouver ranked 11th.

The report found B.C. municipalities spent $7.9 billion in 2016 on operations that include running government, protective services, garbage, social services, transit and recreation. Wages for fire, police and CUPE workers have outpaced inflation, as have salaries for some executive positions, such as chief administrative officers.

The document suggests municipalities can save money by sharing resources, leasing out public facilities when not in use, investing in new technologies, and changing inefficient practices. “The broader implications of these results is that population growth does not always necessitate municipal spending growth. Thus, it is clear that municipalities have the capacity to decrease their spending while their population grows and retain service levels,” the report concludes.

Source: The Province

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FAITH Abu Qatadah (MAPH) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) was asked about observing As-Saum (the fast) on the tenth day of Muharram, and he replied: “It is an expiation for the sins of the preceding year.” (Muslim) Ibn Abbas (MAPH) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: “If I remain alive till the next year, I shall also observe fast on the ninth of Muharram.” (Muslim)

History of Hijrah: Migration for Peace and Justice By: Nimah Ismail Nawwab fter Muhammad had preached publicly for more than a decade, the opposition to him reached such a high pitch that, fearful for their safety, he sent some of his adherents to Ethiopia, where the Christian ruler extended protection to them, the memory of which has been cherished by Muslims ever since.

But in Mecca the persecution worsened.

Muhammad’s followers were harassed, abused, and even tortured. At last, therefore, Muhammad sent seventy of his followers off to the northern town of Yathrib, which was later to be renamed Medina (“The City”). Later, in the early fall of 622, he learned of a plot to murder him and, with his closest friend, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, set off to join the emigrants.

In Mecca the plotters arrived at Muhammad’s home to find that his cousin, ‘Ali, had taken his place in bed. Enraged, the Meccans set a price on Muhammad’s head and set off in pursuit. Muhammad and Abu Bakr, however, had taken refuge in a cave where, as they hid from their pursuers, a spider spun its web across the cave’s mouth. When they saw that the web was unbroken, the Meccans passed by and Muhammad and Abu Bakr went on to Medina, where they were joyously welcomed by a throng of Medinans as well as the Meccans who had gone ahead to prepare the way.

This was the Hijrah - anglicized as Hegira - usually, but inaccurately, translated as “Flight” - from which the Muslim era is dated. In fact, the Hijrah was not a flight but a carefully planned migration which marks not only a break in history - the beginning of the Islamic era- but also, for Muhammad and the Muslims, a new way

A

of life. Henceforth, the organizational principle of the community was not to be mere blood kinship, but the greater brotherhood of all Muslims. The men who accompanied Muhammad on the Hijrah were called the Muhajirun - “those that made the Hijrah” or the “Emigrants” - while those in Medina who became Muslims were called the Ansar or “Helpers.”

Muhammad was well acquainted with the situation in Medina. Earlier, before the Hijrah, the city had sent envoys to Mecca asking Muhammad to mediate a dispute between two powerful tribes. What the envoys saw and heard had impressed them and they had invited Muhammad to settle in Medina. After the Hijrah, Muhammad’s exceptional qualities so impressed the Medinans that the rival tribes and their allies temporarily closed ranks as, on March 15, 624, Muhammad and his supporters moved against the pagans of Mecca.

The first battle, which took place near Badr, now a small town southwest of Medina, had several important effects. In the first place, the Muslim forces, outnumbered three to one, routed the Meccans. Secondly, the discipline displayed by the Muslims brought home to the Meccans, perhaps for the first time, the abilities of the man they had driven from their city. Thirdly, one of the al-

lied tribes which had pledged support to the Muslims in the Battle of Badr, but had then proved lukewarm when the fighting started, was expelled from Medina one month after the battle. Those who claimed to be allies of the Muslims, but tacitly opposed them, were thus served warning: membership in the community imposed the obligation of total support.

A year later the Meccans struck back. Assembling an army of three thousand men, they met the Muslims at Uhud, a ridge outside Medina. After an initial success, the Muslims were driven back and the Prophet himself was wounded. As the Muslims were not completely defeated, the Meccans, with an army of ten thousand, attacked Medina again two years later but with quite different results. At the Battle of the Trench, also known as the Battle of the Confederates, the Muslims scored a signal victory by introducing a new defense. On the side of Medina from which attack was expected they dug a trench too deep for the Meccan cavalry to clear without exposing itself to the archers posted behind earthworks on the Medina side. After an inconclusive siege, the Meccans were forced to retire. Thereafter Medina was entirely in the hands of the Muslims.

The Constitution of Medina - under which

the clans accepting Muhammad as the Prophet of God formed an alliance, or federation - dates from this period. It showed that the political consciousness of the Muslim community had reached an important point; its members defined themselves as a community separate from all others. The Constitution also defined the role of non-Muslims in the community. Jews, for example, were part of the community; they were dhimmis, that is, protected people, as long as they conformed to its laws. This established a precedent for the treatment of subject peoples during the later conquests.

Christians and Jews, upon payment of a yearly tax, were allowed religious freedom and, while maintaining their status as non-Muslims, were associate members of the Muslim state. This status did not apply to polytheists, who could not be tolerated within a community that worshipped the One God. Ibn Ishaq, one of the earliest biographers of the Prophet, says it was at about this time that Muhammad sent letters to the rulers of the earth - the King of Persia, the Emperor of Byzantium, the Negus of Abyssinia, and the Governor of Egypt among others - inviting them to submit to Islam. Nothing more fully illustrates the confidence of the small community, as its military power, despite the battle of the Trench, was still negligible. But its confidence was not misplaced.

Muhammad so effectively built up a series of alliances among the tribes his early years with the Bedouins must have stood him in good stead here- that by 628 he and fif-

Continued at Page 9

Who is Hazrat Hussain (RA) ? – 20 Facts You Need To know Here are the 20 Facts about him;

1. Hussain Ibn Ali (RA) was Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) and Fatimah (RA)’s Younger son.

2. He was born on 3 Sha’aban (AH 4) in Medinah, the city of Saudi Arabia.

3. He was the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Khadija (RA). prophet muhammad hadith hussain 4. Hassan (RA) and Hussain (RA) are the masters of youth in Paradise (Jannah).

5. After the Death of Hassan (RA) [Elder brother of Hussain and Elder son of Ali], Hussain (RA) kept the peace as per treaty between Hassan (RA) and Muawiyah.

6. Hussain (RA) never accepted Yazid, as the successor after the death of Muawiyah. The reason behind not accepting Yazid as a caliph was Umayyads were oppressive and religiously extremist and misguided people.

7. People of Kufa sent letters to him asking for his Help. (Which was a plan to invite him and martyr him) 8. Hussain (RA) did not take any kind of army with him to Karbala.

9. On his way to Karbala, he encountered with the Army of Ubaydullah ibn Ziyad. Who Hussain (RA) commanded that people of Kufa invited him as the people needed an Imam.

10. And two days away from Kufa, Hussain (RA) along with his family the people of Kufa opposed his claims. At a point near Euphrates river, Hussain

(RA) and his family stopped bu Yazid’s army and restricted their reach to get the water.Hussain to kufa 11. On Muharram 2, the leader, Hurr refused his return to Madinah. Then they forced Hussain (RA) and his family to make their camp in a dry, bare land and Hurr made the camps of his army nearby.

12. Ibn Ziyad also urged Umar ibn Sa’ad reached the Karbala along with his Army on the Muharram 3, 61 AH. 13. Ibn Ziyad sent a brief letter to Umar ibn Sa’ad that states that do not let Hussain (RA) and his family drink a single drop of water and commanded 5,000 horsemen near Euphrates river.

14. On Muharram 9th, Ibn Ziyad sends a letter to Umar Ibn Sa’ad to start the battle.

15. A night before, Hussain (RA) gathered all the people of his family and asked them to leave in the middle of the night. But all of them Refused to go back, but decided to stay with Hussain (RA), SUBHANALLAH! 16. Muharram 10th also called Ashura.

When Abbas Ibn Ali (RA) went to take water from Euphrates river for Sakina (RA) he was martyred, his martyrdom broke the heart of Hussain (RA) so bad.

Hussain (RA) also lost so many people of his family including infant child.

17. He fought with Zulfiqar in the Battle of Karbala to protect his Family and Children.

18. On Muharram 10th, Hussain (RA)

(R.A)

was beheaded by either Shimr bin Thiljoshan. Before his Martyrdom, he took permission to offer Asr prayer, Shimir gave him permission to him to say Asr prayer. After prayers, he beheaded Hussain (RA) and made him a martyr.

19. He is buried in the

“Imam Hussain Shrine” in Karbala, Iraq.

20. His martyrdom gives us the lesson that no matter what happens but one should not skip prayer and should thank Allah no matter what happens. https://theislamic information.com

Prayer Schedule in Greater Vancouver Sep 14-28, 2018 Muharram 4-18, 1438 H

Islm.

Day Sunrise Fajar Sunr DhuhrAsarAsar Isha DhuhrZawal Asar (shafi) (hanfi) Maghrib Magrib Isha Date Date Fajar

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 For such Prayers are enjoined on believers at stated times: Quran ,n 4:103 Source: BCMA

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

LOCAL

Surrey Jameh Masjid hosts communal event

On Sep 2, The Surrey Jameh Masjid organized an “Appreciation Day “ at its parking lot after Zuhar prayer with enormous success. A large number of family attended this Free BBQ event.

The program started with the recitation of Holy Quran by Hafiz Hammad Ullah.

Chairman SJM Muhammad Asad Gondal said in his address that “I would like to take a moment to thank all those who came out and we hope you had a wonderful afternoon, with not only us, but the community as well.” Mr.

Gondal invited Mr. Iltaf Sahib President of BCMA and Head Imam and Khateeb of SJM Qari Abdul Wahib to cut the ribbon ceremony.

After speech and Duaa of Qari Sahib the BBQ and the Lunch buffet was opened for general public. Masjid committee and volunteers did the great job to make this pubic event successful. Many sponsors displayed their stalls at the ground and provided their services to visitors.

All this Free food services expenses provided by the sponsors.

AICP Celebrates 1440 Islamic Hijri Year at Surrey Arts Centre

The Association of Islamic Charitable Projects held its annual commemorating celebration for coming of the New Hijri Year 1440 at Surrey Arts Centre on Sunday, September 9th.

This celebration was a marvelous accomplishment for the AICP in particular and for the Muslim Community in the Lower Mainland in general. A great effort was exerted on the preparation, presentation and organization for the joyful festivity.

The AICP members and the distinguished Islamic Chants Group hosted the delightful event to share their happiness with the diverse Muslim community attending and participating.

Recitation from the Blessed Qur’an started the celebration with more than 300 attendees. The

diverse attendance enjoyed and reacted wonderfully to the heart moving chants praising Allah ta^ala and His blessed Messenger Muhammad sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam.

An oration about the Blessed Migration (Hijrah) of the Prophet sallallahu ^alayhi wa salam reflected on the great insights and virtues of the incident that changed the face and the course of history. The audience was inspired by lessons from the true reliance on Allah, the bravery and the steadfastness of the Companion Bilal al-Habashi, who endured severe torture and humiliation while lying on the scorching desert sands with a huge rock on his chest under the heat of the sun; he remained steadfast to Islam and never blasphemed as they wanted him to

do. The guests were reminded of the unity, the brotherhood, the attachment to one’s land and how the Prophet guided his companions to that.

The Association of Islamic Charitable Projects (AICP) wishes the Muslim Community in the Lower Mainland and those all over the world a thriving and flourishing New Year, one that would be filled with security, peace and protection from injustice.

The AICP Centers are always open and welcome anyone and everyone wishing to acquire the knowledge about our splendid Religion, Islam.

May Allah guide us all to strong commitment to piety, righteousness, learning and implementing our religious duties, by the virtue of Prophet Muhammad sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam.

History of Hijrah: Continued from Page 8

teen hundred followers were able to demand access to the Ka’bah during negotiations with the Meccans. This was a milestone in the history of the Muslims. Just a short time before, Muhammad had to leave the city of his birth in fear of his life. Now he was being treated by his former enemies as a leader in his own right. A year later, in 629, he reentered and, in effect, conquered Mecca without bloodshed and in a spirit of tolerance which established an ideal for future conquests. He also destroyed the idols in the Ka’bah, to put an end forever to pagan practices there. At the same time, Muhammad won the allegiance of ‘Amr ibn al-’As, the future conqueror of Egypt, and Khalid ibn al-Walid, the future “Sword of God,” both of whom embraced Islam and joined Muhammad .

Their conversion was especially noteworthy because these men had been among Muhammad’s bitterest opponents only a short time before.

In one sense Muhammad’s return to Mecca was the climax of his mission. In 632, just three years later, he was suddenly taken ill and on June 8 of that year, with his third wife ‘Aishah in attendance, the Messenger of God “died with the heat of noon.”

The death of Muhammad was a profound loss. To his followers this simple man from Mecca was far more than a beloved friend, far more than a gifted administrator, far more than the revered leader who had forged a new state from clusters of warring tribes. Muhammad was also the exemplar of the teachings he had brought them from God:

the teachings of the Quran, which, for centuries, have guided the thought and action, the faith and conduct, of innumerable men and women, and which ushered in a distinctive era in the history of mankind. His death, nevertheless, had little effect on the dynamic society he had created in Arabia, and no effect at all on his central mission: to transmit the Quran to the world. As Abu Bakr put it: “Whoever worshipped Muhammad , let him know that Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped God, let him know that God lives and dies not.”

This article has been incorporated from “ARAMCO and Its World: Arabia And The Middle East”, Edited by Ismail I. Nawwab, Peter C. Speers & Paul F. Hoye SOURCE: ISLAMICITY

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12 POLITICS New federal minister tasked with getting Canadian companies to look beyond U.S. Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

OTTAWA -- One of Canada’s newest cabinet ministers is tasked with making progress on a long-running challenge: encouraging more businesses to chase opportunities beyond the comforts of North America.

Adding to the pressure, Mary Ng, named to the Trudeau cabinet in July, is taking on the role as minister of small business and export promotion at a deeply uncertain time for the critical Canada-U.S. trading relationship.

Industry leaders say there is a growing urgency to help Canadian businesses find overseas markets, pointing to the unknown future of the North American Free Trade Agreement, a cross-border tariff dispute and threats by

U.S. President Donald Trump of more American duties on the important automotive sector. “The U.S. is an important trading partner -they will always and continue to be an important trading partner -- but looking beyond to other markets for Canadian businesses is the right thing to do and it’s an opportunity,” Ng, a Toronto-area MP who worked in the public sector for 20 years, said in an interview.

“I always think it’s good to diversify.”

Ng’s small business portfolio comes with an additional responsibility and title compared to her predecessor -- export promotion.

She is one of three federal ministers focused on trade. International Trade Diversification Minister Jim Carr and Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland, who is leading NAFTA negotiations, round out the trade trio.

Ng’s focus will be spreading the word to

companies about overseas markets and directing businesses to government services designed to help them take advantage of numerous trade deals Canada has struck in recent years.“(Carr)’s the one who’s going to open the door and I’m here to help our companies, our SMEs, walk through that door,” she said.

The treaties include recent agreements with the Pacific Rim -- known as the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership or CPTPP -- and Canada’s free-trade deal with the European Union, also known as CETA. The Asia-Pacific and EU deals will open up access to a billion potential customers, but getting small businesses to explore those markets won’t be easy. Only about 11 or 12 per cent of smaller Canadian firms are currently exporting their goods or services abroad, she said.\ “We have a low number of SMEs that are exporting right now,” said Ng, who worked in Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s office before winning a 2017 byelection.

“We need to do better.”

She said she knows from her own experi-

ence that small business owners are often too busy running their day-to-day operations to figure out how to get access to a new, faraway market. Ng grew up in a small, family business and, later on in her career, said she worked with startups and small companies.

Liberal and Conservative governments have made considerable efforts in recent years to get more of Canada’s small- and mediumsized companies to pursue new opportunities outside North America.

Conservative MP Blake Richards, the parliamentary critic for small business, export promotion and tourism, said it’s “laudable” the government’s made export promotion clear cabinet responsibility.

But he argued the federal Liberals have, at the same time, made it more difficult for small businesses to explore foreign markets because of competitiveness challenges at home -- from regulations to the tax burden.

Richards pointed to the federal carbon tax as an example.

“It’s great to say we want to help give this opportunity to promote ourselves, but the other actions you’re seeing don’t match up with that,” Richards said. Source: ctvnews.ca

Jagmeet Singh: First-past-the-post enables ‘fringe’ candidates like Doug Ford SURREY, B.C. - Federal NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh has taken aim at Conservative politicians while lambasting Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for abandoning a campaign promise to bring in electoral reform.

Singh told his caucus during a retreat in Surrey, B.C., that Trudeau’s explanation for disavowing the promise was that he was worried a new electoral system might facilitate the rise of far-right, fringe parties.

NDP members of Parliament laughed and applauded when Singh said first-past-the-post didn’t prevent the election of Premier Doug Ford in Ontario, nor did it stop him from using the notwithstanding clause to continue a “petty vendetta” against Toronto. Ford announced this week he would invoke the rarely used clause to overrule a court decision and reduce the size of Toronto’s city council from 47 councillors to 25.

Singh also noted first-past-the-post didn’t stop

Conservative Leader Andrew Scheer from appointing a former Rebel Media head as his campaign director, nor did it stop Maxime Bernier from launching an “anti-immigrant” party.

He said when an electoral system allows the views of a minority to win out over the majority, it doesn’t stop fringe politicians, it encourages them, and that’s why the NDP must bring in electoral reform.

Source: The Canadian Press

Balancing the budget and working for you

By John Horgan, Premier of British Colombia As kids went back to school this week, the B.C. government received some report cards of our own.

First quarter results showed that our government is balancing the budget while delivering on our commitments to make life better for you and your family.

B.C. is seeing stable economic growth and an improved bottom line. We also continue

to lead Canada in wage growth. For the first time, B.C. has had the lowest unemployment rate in Canada for 12 consecutive months.

Higher wages, combined with gains in fulltime jobs, mean our economy is working better, for more people.

The last government left a fiscal mess behind that we’re working hard to clean up. From the housing crisis to ICBC to money laundering, to irresponsibly pushing costs onto future generations of BC Hydro ratepayers. They also cut services while recklessly choosing to rely on a speculative real estate market to boost their books, leaving people without affordable homes and businesses without workers. Our government is making different choices to make life better for everyone in B.C., not just the few at the top.

That means building a strong, sustainable economy that creates good jobs and more opportunities for more people, in every part of the province.

The housing crisis is bad for the econo It hurts people – families, students, seniors - and it has hurt businesses that can’t attract and retain workers. We’re working to rein in the housing crisis and the market is finally beginning to moderate. We’re also making the largest investment in affordable housing in B.C.’s history, by establishing partnerships and investing more than $7 billion over 10 years, which will include building 114,000 homes for peopleTalent and ingenuity are bubbling up in every corner of this province.

But for too long, services declined while costs for families rose and people struggled

to afford housing and childcare.

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Game changer or not? A year of America’s Afghan plan

By:Thomas Watkins WASHINGTON: A year since President Donald Trump unveiled his strategy for Afghanistan, a fresh wave of violence and bloodshed has assailed the war-torn nation and overshadowed some small glimmers of progress.

Each successful attack represents a massive setback not just for the Afghanistan government, which is pushing for peace talks with the Taliban, but also for the Pentagon, where officials insist things are finally improving.

In just the last few days, the Taliban and the militant Islamic State group have unleashed a series of deadly operations where civilians have borne the brunt of the bloodshed, including an IS attack inside a school that killed dozens of students.

Before that, Taliban militants launched a high-profile attack on the strategic city of Ghazni, forcing US-backed security forces to struggle for days to repel them, and challenging the Pentagon narrative that the Taliban is struggling to effectively target larger cities.

Such headlines are surely not what Trump envisioned when on Aug 21 last year he announced that — despite his instinct to pull out — he was doubling down on the US commitment to Afghanistan and indefinitely prolonging America’s longest war.

Looking bleak

Just months later, the top US commander in Afghanistan, General John Nicholson, claimed the war had “turned the corner” and predicted the Afghan security forces would expand government control of the population from about 64 per cent now to 80pc over two years.

But according to a US government watchdog, the percentage of people under government control has only risen to 65pc, with insurgent groups holding steady.

“We’ve turned so many corners in Afghanistan that we’ve probably made multiple circles,” said Bill Roggio, an Afghanistan expert and senior fellow at the Foundation for Defence of Democracies.

Game changer

Alice Wells, the senior official for the State Department’s Bureau of South and Central Asia Affairs, reportedly met with Taliban officials last month in Qatar.

And on a visit to Kabul last month, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said now there was a hope for peace talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban.

“Many of the Taliban now see that they can’t win on the ground militarily. That’s very deeply connected to President Trump’s strategy,” Pompeo said.

US-backed Afghan President Ashraf Ghani hailed Trump’s strategy as a “game changer”.

However, the recent attacks have led many to question how such negotiations could move ahead.

Observers have suggested the Taliban may be trying to strengthen their position before any potential talks.

“This is what we’ve seen before [in] insurgencies, when there’s going to be a negotiation or a ceasefire, trying to up the ante,” Defence Secretary Jim Mattis said on Thursday.

White House spokeswoman Sarah Sanders said the US remains committed to finding a political solution to end the Afghanistan conflict.“We’re exploring all avenues for dialogue in close coordination with the Afghan government, and we’re going to continue to do that,” she said.

Still, amid the chaos, one sign of progress is that the Taliban have been unable to hold cities they’ve invaded for more than just a few days at a stretch.

Source: www.dawn.com

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

M idd l e

east

Syrian men are just as likely to be victims of abuse, but have nowhere to turn for help

LONDON: Of all the many horrors of the war in Syria, it is the one least spoken about, even by its victims. Perhaps especially by its victims. Sexual violence is not a new phenomenon in war, but it is generally assumed to be directed at women and girls. However, a newly published investigation reveals that in Syria, the victims of torture by rape and sexual assault are just as likely to be men and boys. Yet such is the stigma and so complex the reasons for that stigma, that their suffering is almost completely unacknowledged, let alone reported.

“There are no organizations that take care

of them, and men don’t talk,” said one aid worker. Instead they suffer in silence, their wounds — both physical and psychological — left untreated.“It is completely destroying for men,” said another source working with an international NGO. If it becomes known that a man has suffered sexual violence, “it means he has to leave his community (and go) where nobody knows that he has been sexually abused.” The authors of the report admit that even their research cannot be classed as comprehensive. Between September 2017 and July 2018, field workers from the All Survivors Project (ASP), an interna-

tional research and advocacy organization, conducted interviews with 66 informants.

They included representatives of UN aid agencies, experts in medical care and mental health, NGOs, human rights activist and academics. Two thirds of the interviewees were aware of incidents of sexual violence against men and boys, either through providing medical attention or other humanitarian support or hearing of such cases directly from survivors or from their family, friends or colleagues. Some informants had directly witnessed men and boys being violated.

The resulting report, “Destroyed from with-

in,” is a shocking expose of the sexual torture suffered by men and boys in Syrian prisons, detention centers, at checkpoints and even in refugee centers in neighboring Turkey, supposedly after reaching safety.

Source: Arabnews.com

Iraq: Car bomb explosion kills at least 6 north of Baghdad BAGHDAD: Iraqi officials say a car bomb has exploded outside a restaurant north of Baghdad killing at least six people.

Iraq’s Joint Operations Command says the explosives-laden car ignited Wednesday outside a restaurant on a highway near Beiji city.

Health Ministry spokesman Saif Al-Badr said six people were killed and 42 wounded.

It was not immediately clear what the target was and no group

immediately claimed responsibility.

Beiji, about 250 kilometers north of Baghdad, fell to the Daesh group during its 2014 blitz across northern and western Iraq, and it was the scene of heavy fighting until it was taken back in 2015.

Despite its defeat, IS has been able to launch attacks in areas that were under their control in Iraq’s north and west.

Source: Arabnews.com

Damascus shells Idlib after UN chief warns of ‘bloodbath’ Government forces shelled Syria’s last major rebel bastion on Wednesday, hours after UN chief Antonio Guterres warned the Security Council any full-blown offensive in Idlib risks triggering a “bloodbath.”

As troops massed for a Russian-backed offensive in the northwest, Kurdish-led rebels launched a US-backed assault in the east to oust Daesh from its last redoubt in the Euphrates Valley, the US-led coalition confirmed.Intermittent artillery fire hit southern districts of Idlib province and adjacent rebel-held areas of Hama province, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said.

The Britain-based war monitor did not immediately report any casualties from the

bombardment which came after shelling and air strikes killed at least 15 civilians in the rebel zone since Sept. 4.

The northwestern province and adjacent areas form the largest chunk of territory still held by the rebels, who have been worn down by a succession of defeats in other parts of the country.

Russia-backed government forces have been massing for weeks around Idlib, which is home to nearly 3 million people, many of them already dependent on aid.

UN agencies and relief organizations have warned repeatedly that any major assault could spark one of the worst humanitarian disasters of Syria’s war.“It is absolutely es-

sential to avoid a full-scale battle in Idlib,” Guterres said on Tuesday. “This would unleash a humanitarian nightmare unlike any seen in the blood-soaked Syrian conflict.”

Ankara, which already hosts more than 3 million Syrian refugees, fears a new mass exodus and has called repeatedly for a ceasefire to give time for a negotiated settlement.

More than half of Idlib province is held by Hayat Tahrir Al-Sham, an extremist alliance led by Syria’s former Al-Qaeda affiliate, and Turkey has warned a government offensive could scatter thousands of foreign extremists abroad, posing a security threat to the West. A major battle would trigger a “massive wave of refugees and tremendous se-

curity risks for Turkey, the rest of Europe and beyond,” Turkish ambassador Feridun Sinirlioglu told the Security Council on Tuesday.. Source: Arabnews.com

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

FIJI TIMES/ tURKEY

There have been goof ups, says A-G THERE have been administrative blunders made by the Ministry of Education’s Human Resources Department during the roll-out of Government’s civil service reforms.

This was the comment made by Acting Prime Minister, Attorney- General and Education Minister Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum at the Fiji Head Teachers Association conference in Nadi yesterday. Referring to a statement he had issued on September 2, he said Government had never shied away from the fact that there were issues and that was why reforms were needed.“In that statement, I also said in the last paragraph and I want to dwell on this a bit, it says ‘we fully acknowledge that the Ministry of Education has had issues with reaching and servicing our teachers in the past and that there are still administrative matters in particular with the Human Resources Department and the District Education Offices that need to be addressed and dramatically improved’.”Representatives from the headteachers association had made the comment about the need to have profes-

sional human resource (HR) officers with a background in education to better serve the needs of teachers.

“And I have said this openly, we admit that there have been administrative goof ups, to put it bluntly, in the HR Department. I completely agree with some of the speakers prior to me saying we need to get professional HR people. I completely agree with that, in fact we’ve been saying that. “It’s not only the Ministry of Education that needs professional HR people, many of the Government ministries actually need that.

“Because HR has always been relegated to a sub category within most of the ministries.”

Source: fijitimes.com

TEACHERS and students of Labasa Sangam Sadhu Kupuswamy Memorial College had a reason to celebrate yesterday as they marked the World Teachers Day and Children’s Day with dances and songs.Students took lead roles in entertaining their mentors yesterday, while teachers took part in fun activities organised by students of the school.

Officiating at the celebration, the school’s former principal Luisa Ratuvuku called on students to remember their elders and ensure their wellbeing.

Ms Ratuvuku told children they owed a lot to their elders for moulding them to be the people they were now and would become in the future. Source: fijitimes.com

Teachers and students celebrate special days

Turkey captures key suspect in deadly 2013 car-bombings

bomb detonated outside council offices leave a massive crater in the ground and destroy nearby buildings.

A second vehicle-bomb blew up a few minutes later less than a kilometre away outside a post office.

Most of the casualties were Turks but Syrian refugees were also killed just a couple of kilometres from the Syrian border.

Nazik, a Turkish citizen from nearby Antakya, had been one of several suspects wanted in connection to the attack. Turkey’s intelligence agency, known as MIT, reportedly carried out the operation to capture him. No details on when it took place were released.

Nazik admitted scouting targets, transporting the explosives from Syria to Turkey, as well as procuring and loading the vehicles used in the bombing. He identified his Syrian contact as an intelligence officer named Mohammed who went by the codename, Hadji.

“We take the information provided by Yusuf Nazik about the involvement of Syrian intelligence operatives in the 2013 Reyhanli attack very seriously,” a senior Turkish official told Al Jazeera on condition of Intelligence operation?

The attack on May 11, 2013, saw one car anonymity. Source: aljazeera.com

Turkey captured a key suspect in an attack five years ago that killed dozens of people, and he alleged the twin bombings were orchestrated by Syrian intelligence.

Yusuf Nazik confessed his role in the 2013 car bombings in the border town of Reyhanli that killed 53 people. According to media reports, the 34-year-old accused Syria’s Mukhabarat spy agency of plotting the attack. He was seized in the Syrian city of Latakia - the heartland of President Bashar al-Assad’s support - in a “pinpoint operation” by Turkey’s National Intelligence Organisation, the Anadolu news agency reported. In a video released on Wednesday by the Turkish government, Nazik appeared in a blue tracksuit top and jeans next to a Turkish flag. He called on other suspects to surrender and warned Turkey would hold the Assad government to account for the attack. ”I was not able to escape from the Turkish state,” he said in the video.

“I am calling out to my friends in Syria, turn back while there still is time. The Turkish state will protect us. I am calling out to the state of Syria, the Turkish state will make you pay eventually.”

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

SOCIAL

Rent-Seeking Behavior and Islamic Finance

By: Mohammad Omar Farooq

ent-Seeking: Understanding and Awareness In 2007 an important voice in the field of Islamic economics and finance, Prof. Mahmoud El-Gamal characterized Islamic finance as “rent-seeking Shariah arbitrage.” His statement found a prominent place in the discourse, even though many were shocked and became detractors. Since then the concept of rent-seeking shows up here and there. Unfortunately, understanding and awareness about the concept and theory of rent-seeking is not that common, even though it is highly relevant in the context of Islamic economics and finance and beyond. It is further important in connection with the prohibition of riba and Islam’s fundamental concern regarding zulm (injustice/exploitation).

The Qur’an’s sternness in riba prohibition (2:279) indicates that it’s not something ordinary. Riba in financial transaction is a life-ruining experience; it often puts a weaker party in such transaction on the path of ruin. That’s why riba prohibition must be taken seriously and indeed Islamic finance emerged to provide alternatives to help Muslims to avoid riba. However, not properly understanding it or its scope can lead to legalistic or mechanistic avoidance of riba, without avoiding the ruinous impact of non-riba sources. This author’s research paper “Exploitation, Profit and RibaInterest Reductionism” (2013) elaborately deals with this subject.

An important concept in economics, with no conflict with Islamic economics, is economic profit or above average profit. In a competitive market economic profit serves as a signal to attract new entry, while economic loss causes losing firms to exit the market, so that the long-run outcome of the competition is zero economic profit or normal profit (earned on average by the participating firms). In a dynamic, competitive, entrepreneurial economy, economic profits are generated by creating new products or methods through discovery, innovation or improvement that allows the contributing firm to earn economic profit. This is legitimate and fair for the entrepreneurial value and wealth creation as part of the real economy.

Economic rent is different from economic profit. While competition can reduce or eliminate the economic profit for the advantage of the consumers and the broader

cording to the HBR article cited earlier, a good part of lobbying is to seek regulations that “provided them sheltered markets— rather than competing on innovation.” In such sheltered or protected market, profits are higher than it otherwise would be. The study shows that Regulation and lobbying has contributed to corporate profit (1.2%) close to the contribution of capital (1.4%).

Thus, profit is halal. But when profits are boosted by activities or actions that are not productive (e.g., lobbying) as part of the profit, the companies get economic rent In absence of economic rent, costs would have been lower, price would have been lower, and therefore these rent-boosted profit is a massive transfer of wealth from consumers (regardless of rich or poor) to the company shareholders. For those with interest in Islamic economics and finance can note that riba is defined as “stipulated excess without any counter value”, where this stipulation

society, and thus also create more incentive for real value creation (value creators will earn economic profit for a while), economic rents are protected by various institutional and legal means preventing its elimination or reduction. This is unjust and unearned, thwarting legitimate competition by artificially stifling the market.

Whether Prof. El Gamal’s observation about rent-seeking through Shariah arbitrage is questionable, the fact remains that the robust presence of Islamic finance industry is in many rentier states or economies, where rent-seeking behavior and culture are rampant, and the industry is vulnerable to such behavior and culture.

As the concept and theory of rent-seeking developed in the western, conventional economy, it is helpful to understand that context first. In modern states, lobbying by various business entities or constituencies to influence government’s policies is an important example of rent-seeking behavior. An article in Harvard Business Review (May 26, 2016) makes the case “Lobbyists are behind the rise in corporate profits.”

Shouldn’t corporate profits be from their business activities? Before proceeding further, let’s note that we are not talking about riba or interest, rather profit, which is otherwise halal (permissible). The article identifies non-financial corporations in five industries that had the most concentrated lobbying effort and impact: pharmaceuticals/chemicals, petroleum refining, transportation equipment/defense, utilities, and communications. Indeed, in the US context these industries together are known as “rent-seeking sector”.

In 2016 lobbyists in USA spent $3+ billion on lobbying. This is not charitable contribution. So, what do they get out of it? Ac-

is a key aspect of riba. In case of economic rent, with probably much bigger negative impact on the economy and society, the unearned gain is without any stipulation, and it should not be difficult to understand and appreciate that in this kind of “unearned gain”, it is unstipulated. In another word, wealth or value transfer occurs without even knowledge of common people and consumers who ultimately are the source of extracting such economic rent.

Public Sector Corruption A major rent-seeking problem area is public sector corruption. In many countries it is all too common, more so in Muslim-majority countries, to award contracts to privileged parties based on bribes (euphemistically, kickback or even gift): that’s economic rent earned by public officials. Also, often these contracts are at inflated cost, yielding rent for contract winning parties. Such inflated cost covered by taxpayers’ money is a transfer of wealth from people, without addition to the real economy. In many developing countries the poor are more vulnerable to the consequences of corruption, and the rich and powerful has an interest in perpetuation of poverty, so that instead of legitimate profit they can earn economic rent. In many countries even the law enforcement agencies are involved in extortion of common people. Such unearned income is not just illegitimate, but also immoral, constituting unjust enrichment at the expense of others.

Let us consider an oil rich Muslim-majority country, which earns most of his revenue from its natural resource. The country has a ruling elite and business oligarchs that control the vast resources of the country.

The rich and powerful get mega projects for which they are willing to spend large sum

Unearned Income

What is often glossed over in riba related discourse is that besides being exploitative, it also has a dimension of unearned income or wealth. One can see in works on Islamic finance reference to riba and interest as “unearned income”, “unearned wealth”, “unearned gain”, “unearned capital”, etc.

Also, in defining riba, the concept of counter-value is important. Riba is often defined as “stipulated excess in a financial transaction without any counter-value”. That’s why interest is generally equated with riba, because interest is understood as a stipulated excess extracted by the lender (surplus unit) for which the borrower (deficit unit), arguably, does not get any benefit or value.

While the unearned dimension is commonly mentioned, neither its scope nor its implication is properly identified, appreciated and delineated. Rent-seeking behavior primarily relates to this unearned dimension of wealth, income, gain, etc. In the modern world of increasing complexity, the widespread and powerful presence of rent-seeking behavior calls for better understanding of it, if we really care about injustice and exploitation in general than simply reducing injustice/exploitation to riba/interest.

The term rent as in rent-seeking behavior is not the ordinary sense in which it is used; for example, rent charged for renting any property, whether home, automobile or equipment. It is also not in the sense of payment for land as one of the four factors of production. Rent in this context is used in a special economic sense.

In economic literature rent-seeking is defined as “attempt to obtain economic rent (i.e., portion of income paid to a factor of production in excess of what is needed to keep it employed in its current use) by manipulating the social or political environment in which economic activities occur, rather than by creating new wealth.”

Economic Profit vs. Economic Rent In this brief article I will try to shed light on the concept by sharing a number of examples, so that those who are interested can further study this phenomenon.

as “gifts”. No one can get any such contract without the favor of the ruling elite. Foreign companies also pay large sum in their international competition to get contracts. Most of these contracts are also at inflated costs.

All of these are examples of economic rent, which constitute transfer of wealth from that otherwise would have been available to the people in general.

One might make the argument that one can see the presence of rent-seeking behavior in this activities, but where does Islamic finance fit in? Well, in several ways. The members of the ruling elites are also in the boards and/or management of the Islamic financial institution (consider an Islamic bank or an Islamic investment bank). The members of the ruling elites can also be majority shareholders or in the management.

All of these aspects can lead to scenarios or rent-seeking can occur, even though the projects or activities can be Shari’ah-compliant at the transaction level. These scenarios can become more possible where the ownership of these financial institutions is highly concentrated, as it happens to be in many Muslim-majority countries. What is important is to recognize that injustice and exploitation of individuals or the public can and does occur that is much more widespread in impact than merely riba or interest. Furthermore, even though the financial transactions are Shari’ah compliant, in the kind of scenarios described above Islamic finance, just like any kind of finance, can be an enabler for rent-seeking.

Now let’s take a look at another kind of rent-seeking. In many oil-rich Gulf countries labor visas are sold, even though that should not be the case. Local sponsors and their agents often pocket the price of visa, an example of unproductive, unearned income. Similarly, in these countries for expatriates to engage in business, there must be local sponsors or locals with commercial license, who earn “rent” on their license.

Rent-seeking behavior encourages pursuing income and wealth without work or contribution to the value creation in the economy. The behavior can be understood as people being interested in getting a larger share of the pie without making an effort or contribution to make the pie larger.

Rent-seeking behavior can happen even in the presence of Islamic finance, where prohibitions such as riba, gharar, maysir are respected, and they should be, but rentseeking is also pursued. Part of the problem is that Islamic finance and Islamic commercial law is focused on transactions, without understanding, taking into account or exploring the institutional or systemic behavior and dynamics.

Islam and the Qur’an are categorically and firmly against zulm (injustice, exploitation). If our concern as Muslims is to have a world based on justice and free from zulm, the starting point for our approach has to be unjust behavior, like unearned income, which includes riba, one of the fundamental cases of unearned income/wealth as part of rent-seeking behavior. Narrow focus on riba/interest may lead us to have a riba/interest-free world, and Muslims need to insist on it, but we may not have a world free of zulm, if our understanding, concern and policy frameworks and tools do not take into consideration rent-seeking behavior.

(This article was originally published in Islamic Finance News, August 2018. An annotated, expanded version of this paper is available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=3197653. The author is an associate professor of Economics and Finance and an Islamic finance expert, University of Bahrain; farooqm59@gmail.com) Source: islamicity.org/

Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

17

P u b l ic

Needs

More dams needed in Pakistan

D

By: Zeeshan Nasir

ams are essential for any country since dams and reservoirs not only help in the sector of agriculture and hydroelectricity but for human uses too. But unfortunately, there are not enough dams in Pakistan.

As a result, the country confronts tough times in droughts and famine and the river waters go in waste. The Indus River System Authority (IRSA) reports that Pakistan wastes approximately $21 billion worth of water into the sea every year because of the scarcity of water storage system and it confronts 36pc shortage of water to-date. IRSA disclosed that Pakistan needs three Mangla dams to store water that she wastes each year.

We don’t have enough dams to store the monsoon seasons rainwater. This ends up in drought and famine. Dams like Mangla and Tarbella are losing their ability to store

water because of the silt deposits and even the Taunsa Barrage situated on the Indus River is in the same boat.

According to estimates Pakistan will lose over 22billion cubic meters water storage by 2025 and Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources warns that the country faced the water shortage in 1990 and it may confront more water scarcity at an alarming rate by the year 2025.

With no doubts, governments in their tenure have failed to build dams across Pakistan, such as the POP government in its five year tenure didn’t build any dams, let alone building and completing the Kalabagh Dam and neither the Nawaz government bring any reforms in constructing dams in its four year tenure.

We need to build enough dams so that our agriculture and potable water is abundant.

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

HEALTH

Guildford Walmart closed over concerns of Legionnaires’ disease reopens

By By Simon Little Online Journalist Global News

A Walmart Supercentre in Surrey that was closed due to concerns about a possible Legionnaires’ disease outbreak has reopened to the public.

The Walmart is adjacent to the Guildford Town Centre Mall, where tests confirmed the presence of Legionella bacteria in the building’s cooling towers on Friday.

The mall remained open, but the big box store chose to close “out of an abundance of caution,” said Walmart Canada director of corporate affairs Anika Malik in an email.

“The safety of our associates and customers is our top priority,” said Malik in an email.

“We voluntarily decided to temporarily close our store while taking steps to deep clean and sanitize our cooling towers which support our refrigeration units.”

Malik said that the store’s refrigeration units remain powered off, and will remain so until Fraser Health can conduct an inspection.

She added that the store won’t be able to sell any refrigerated or frozen food until that inspection is complete and the cooling system is rebooted.

“Public Health has confirmed that we are able to open the store without offering refrigerated or frozen products at this time,” said Malik.

Fraser Health has confirmed seven cases of Legionnaires’ disease in Surrey, all clustered in the Guildford neighbourhood.

The authority said Saturday that there have been no new cases of Legionnaires’ detected.

However, the disease can take up to 10 days for symptoms — including cough, fatigue, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea — to show up. Fraser Health has said that anyone showing these symptoms should visit a doctor, and should also let them know if they’ve

been in the Guildford area in the last week and a half.

It added that both the Guildford Mall and Walmart had cooperated with investigators and taken appropriate action, and that the public should feel safe visiting them.

Legionnaires’ disease is caused by a bacteria known as Legionella, which is commonly found in the natural environment, including freshwater, groundwater and soil.

It can, in extreme cases, be fatal.

Source: globalnews.ca/

Guildford Walmart reopens after Legionnaires’ disease scare

Fraser Health confirmed seven cases of Legionnaires’ disease in patients in the Guildford area in the past two weeks

By: NICK EAGLAND Updated: September 8, 2018 A Surrey Walmart reopened Saturday after closing Friday because water-cooling towers at Guildford Town Centre tested positive for the bacteria that causes legionnaires’ disease.

Fraser Health confirmed seven cases of legionnaires’ disease in patients who were in the Guildford area in the past two weeks. Officials spoke to them and their family members about possible sources of exposure, said Dr. Aamir Bharmal, a medical health officer with the authority.

After confirming that some of the patients had visited the Walmart at Guildford Town Centre, Fraser Health staff tested cooling towers, water features and decorative fountains inside the mall, where water is aerosolized, Bharmal said. The bacteria is carried in droplets of water.

The Guildford Walmart Supercentre closed on Friday “out of an abundance of caution,” after being contacted by Fraser Health about

the investigation, said Anika Malik, director of corporate affairs for Walmart Canada.

On Saturday, Malik said while the business was shut they cleaned and sanitized the cooling towers and refrigeration units. She said the refrigeration units remain off so the store cannot sell cold or frozen products until the coolers are turned back on, however the store is open for business.

“Public Health has confirmed that we are able to open the store without offering refrigerated or frozen products at this time.

We look forward to welcoming our associates and customers to the store,” she said, in an email.

The coolers will not be turned back on until a health inspection takes place.

Cooling towers inside the mall and the Walmart tested positive for legionella bacteria, but are not definitively what made the patients get sick, so the health authority is continuing to investigate, inspect and resample, Bharmal said.

Fraser Health is also awaiting test results to determine whether all seven patients got sick from the same source.

“Our advice at this point isn’t to tell people to stay away from the mall, at all,” he said.

“They are taking a lot of proactive measures to clean out the cooling towers.”

Bharmal said legionella is “not entirely unexpected” inside cooling towers because it is found naturally in soil, groundwater and freshwater.

But “even though it’s not expected, it’s not desirable,” he added. He said building water systems need to be periodically closed down for thorough cleaning. Sébastien Théberge, a spokesman for Ivanhoe Cambridge Inc., which owns Guildford Town Centre, said in an emailed statement that the health and safety of the mall’s customers and employees

is top priority, and his firm has fully complied with all requests from Fraser Health.

“Throughout the process, we have been advised there was no public health concern within the shopping centre,” Théberge said.

“The shopping centre remains open for business.”

Doug Strachan, spokesman for the Surrey school district, said the district is aware of the legionnaire’s cases and has been in contact with Fraser Health.

“If there are any special actions that we need to take, they’ll let us know,” he said. “So far, there’s nothing.”

“Patients can get legionnaires’ disease when they breathe in aerosolized water droplets containing legionella,” Fraser Health said in a statement. “Most healthy people do not get legionnaires’ disease from being exposed to legionella. However, those at higher risk for developing pneumonia are the elderly, smokers, people with chronic lung conditions and the immuno-compromised.”

Fraser Health recommends against testing for people who don’t have symptoms — even if they’ve been in the Guildford area — but said testing should be considered for people who have pneumonia-like symptoms, such as coughing, fever, shortness of breath or fatigue, and were in the Guildford area within 19 days of the symptoms appearing.

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

social

Why do couples split up? And why do they stay together?

By Ana Sandoiu

W

hy - and how - do partners decide to break up? A new study investigates the reasons behind this complex decision-making process. The findings bring valuable insights into relationship satisfaction and decision-making. Researchers from the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, in collaboration with scientists from the University of Toronto in Canada, set out to examine the reasons that inform the decision of either leaving or staying in a relationship and the subjective experience of this deliberating process.

The research consisted of two phases and was led by Prof. Samantha Joel, of the University of Utah. The findings were published in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science.

Studying the pros and cons In the first phase of the research, a diverse sample of participants was asked open-ended questions about the reasons why they would continue and the reasons why they would end a relationship.

The study examined three groups of respondents. The first group consisted of 135 undergraduate students who were asked about potential reasons why a person might decide to stay or leave a relationship.

In the second group, 137 undergraduate students who had contemplated a breakup at a time prior to the study were asked to provide answers to the open-ended questions. The third group consisted of American Mechanical Turk workers who were themselves considering whether or not to break up at the time of the study.

The researchers created a coding scheme for reasons to stay and leave based on answer themes that reappeared throughout the three samples, leaving out an “uncodable category” for particularly ambiguous replies. This left the researchers with a total of 27 different reasons for staying and 23 reasons for leaving.

In the second phase of the study, Prof.

Joeland colleagues used these reasons to draw up a questionnaire, which they then administered to another group of participants. These respondents were also deliberating whether or not to end the relationship they were in at the time of the study.

Also, this last group consisted of people who were either dating or married.

Those who were in a dating relationship had been a couple for an average of 2 years, whereas the spouses had been married or together for 9 years, on average. Reasons vary, ambivalence stays the same Both studies confirmed that overall, pa

rticipants had similar pro and con reasons. The main reasons for wanting to stay were emotional intimacy, or feeling close to one’s partner, investment (which was a category that included a subset of reasons such as logistical barriers and habituation), and a feeling a commitment or obligation to their family.

By contrast, the main reasons for leaving involved the partner’s personality, breaches of trust (such as unfaithfulness or deceptiveness), and the partner’s withdrawal (manifested as the partner no longer being supportive or affectionate.)

The reasons for leaving were largely the same across the two groups - those dating and those who were married. However, there were differences between the two groups when it came to reasons for staying.

Partners who dated seemed to be focused on positive, so-called approachbased factors such as personality traits that they liked in their partner, the emotional closeness they felt they had, and

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the enjoyment they drew from the relationship.

Married partners, on the other hand, seemed more focused on constraints in their decision; they mentioned investment (including logistical barriers), family duty and responsibilities, and a fear of uncertainty.

Across all groups, approximately 50 percent of the participants reported a comparable number of reasons for both staying and leaving, indicating that ambivalence is a very common experience.

“What was most interesting to me was how ambivalent people felt about their relationships. They felt really torn.

Breaking up can be a really difficult decision. You can look at a relationship from outside and say ‘you have some really unsolvable problems, you should break up’ but from the inside that is a really difficult thing to do and the longer you’ve been in a relationship, the harder it seems to be.”

Prof. Samantha Joel Speaking about the significance of the research, Prof. Joel says, “Most of the research on breakups has been predictive, trying to predict whether a couple stays together or not, but we don’t know much about the decision process - what are the specific relationship pros and cons that people are weighing out.”

“Humans fall in love for a reason,” she adds. “From an evolutionary perspective, for our ancestors finding a partner may have been more important than finding the right partner. It might be easier to get into relationships than to get back out of them.”

Source: www.medicalnewstoday.com

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

women

Life Transitions!

he value of good friends is hard to over-emphasize. It suggests that people with friends to rely on during stressful times experience healthier, more successful and live longer. A good friendship lessens the negative effects of high stress level. It is very supportive towards a meaningful relationship at home and work.

Take time to take good care of yourself.

Eat a balanced diet, exercise and get plenty of rest. Take time to relax with friends and family. A high rate of change often means extra stress and strain on your body. It’s important to pay attention to what your body/mind/soul needs.

Build your self-esteem. Always remember, you are a unique individual with special talents and interests. It’s helpful to make a list of what you like most about yourself. Encouraging others to feel good about themselves is a wonderful way to feel good about ourselves. You will always cheer others if you pass a sincere compliment to people you care about.

Be open and flexible. Most people are eager to settle into comfortable routines.

Remember that your present routine

could be only temporary.

Something may happen at any time that can force you to change your routine. You may not be able to predict change, but knowing that change can happen at any time helps you accept and adjust when it does occur. Most life transitions are slow processes that take time.

Concentrate on the good things in life.

Don’t dwell on negative thoughts. A positive attitude helps you feel good about yourself and the life you live, and goes a long way towards improving your health.

Take control of your life. What can you do now to help you through a difficult transition in your future. Practice finding the good in each of our life’s transitions.

It’s not what you do to respond, but how you choose to respond!! info:shabnam@skcounselling.ca

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Morning walk: When you go yourself before doctor says Warning Walk: After doctor insists Darling Walk: When you go because your spouse insists Burning walk: When you go after looking at other fit friends or enemies

Turning Walk : When

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hen & if at all, husband asks his wife at the end of the day ‘What did you do today?’ Wife is always slightly confused that what should she say? How can she answer this question daily? The same thing over and over again. How can she answer the same monotone question with a mundane answer that she did the same thing she did yesterday. She cooked, cleaned, managed & maintained the routines of the day.

She took care of the children and family and did her daily chores. So instead, she smiles and says ‘I did nothing’. Do we realize that this ‘nothing’ is making everyone’s cup of tea from the morning till late night and everything in between? When she does this, it facilitates a smooth household operation. The house is what turns into a “HOME”. When she is respected, loved & cherished her sacrifice of doing nothing special is respected. In this modern world where everyone is working, the work should actually be distributed to all the family members, yet somebody still as to the lead of doing that ‘nothing special’.

Two people have to be the backbone of the house.

In today’s time, lifestyles have shifted.

However, we are still the same people.

We still expect more from a woman and give less. RESPECT & REALIZATION. There are two key pillars for a healthy atmosphere of any home. All the family members should have respect for each other. This means that even if we differ in our opinions, even if we do not agree or like the decisions of elders, we should still respect them and trust their experience. They have more wisdom the us. We should try to understand and respectfully show them our view points. Lives is all

about having an open mind and keep your mind open for discussion. The choice of words and behaviour can facilitate any conversation to a better world.

Selfishness & short term benefits are the root cause of destruction. Tolerance teaches you to rise above yourself from only thinking from our own view point. It teaches us to see beyond our nose. Everyone in the family should be thought of and considered as an important being. Unfortunately this is very unpleasant on the shoulders of elders, parents. They are often misunderstood by children. The behaviour of grown up children is the reflection of parent’s early behaviour. When there is harmony in the parent’s relationship, the child learns. The youth being inexperienced in life fails to understand certain things and ultimately harms their own self. When parents seem soft corner for weaker child or keep patience in improving one the others think it to be injustice to them or they take wrong route of elf pity or rebellious thoughts & actions but fail to give cooperation.

So once married it is necessary to first understand the role of both parties & set some basic rules of household, take responsibility of new life together and if needed change themselves and honour each other. Start the life properly before children are given birth. This can e made joyful, interesting experience with the help of love & understanding.

Info: Asma Shums <asmashums@gmail.com>

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Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

A rts

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C ulture

First ever Pakistani / Islamic Art Exhibition in British Columbia

By: Farooq Rai For the first time in British Columbia words like ‘Urdu’ and ‘Allama Iqbal’ echoed loudly in a renowned public gathering venue. Pakistani literary heritage was prominently exhibited in the impressive Upper Rotunda of the Richmond Cultural Centre. Scores of interested dignitaries and invited guests for the opening reception and launch of the art exhibition, had some difficulty with the word ‘Urdu’ and wanted to know how it is pronounced. Some eager youngsters of Pakistani origin readily jumped in to help. Most were also unfamiliar with Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal. During the tour of the exhibition they keenly read in English about his brief biographical sketch. An explanatory note also provided information about Urdu and Pakistan which was placed at the start of the exhibition for public information. The onlookers spent time reading English translations of Allama’s poetry and appreciated the appealing universal message.

Farooq M. Rai’s Peace & Harmony Art Exhibition was presented by Richmond Art Gallery and Richmond World Festival. The award winning Richmond World Festival attracted thousands of visitors. The unique collage art work exhibition of Pakistani cultural and literary heritage was the first ever in British Columbia.

The opening reception to launch the Peace & Harmony Art Exhibition was hosted by the Richmond Art Gallery on September 1st 2018 in the roof top garden patio of the Richmond Cultural Centre. This beautiful setting was a remarkable sight, where in a standing room capacity, guests from various ethnic communities witnessed the Mayor of the City of Richmond graciously accept a painting with a plaque. The plaque contained the following inscription: “As-salāmu ʿalaykum, peace be upon you. On the occasion of the 2018 World Festival, in appreciation of the City of Richmond’s commitment to promote intercultural harmony, this artwork by Farooq M. Rai from his

Peace & Harmony Art Exhibition is presented to Richmond City Hall.”

Mayor Malcolm Brodie thanked Mr. Rai for his thoughtful gift to the City of Richmond. Also, it was nice to see the Mayor of Richmond speak highly about his significant contribution. As a member of the Pakistani community, Mr. Rai was recognized for his dedicated volunteer work and efforts in promoting better intercultural relations.

It is a matter of our community’s pride that Pakistan’s cultural identity and heritage was showcased during the significant event like World Festival in Richmond.

There were warm hugs and emotionally charged feelings among the Canadians of Pakistani origin when they saw the large posters with Allama Iqbal’s poetry and Surah Ar-Rahman in translation (Which then the bounties of Allah will you deny?) prominently displayed. It was heart warming to see students from the distant Fraser Valley University Abbotsford attend the reception and art exhibition. The extensive volunteer work by Mr. Rai was quite obvious in accomplishing all this with the assistance of the City of Richmond staff. Mr. Rai also acknowledged their support during his opening remarks.

The official website of the Richmond Art Gallery shared the following information for promotional purposes: “Farooq M. Rai: Peace & Harmony Art Exhibition Richmond Cultural Centre Upper Rotunda, Presented by Richmond Art Gallery and Richmond World Festival Farooq Rai, Richmond-based Canadian of Pakistani origin artist considers the inspirational message of Allama Iqbal (poet and philosopher b. 1877) as a means to preserve a unique cultural identity and heritage within British Columbia. The exhibition presents a selection of Rai’s unique collages highlighting Arabic/Urdu calligraphy and a message of peace and harmony.

Rai was appointed as the first Assistant Deputy Minister, and Head of Ministry responsible for Multiculturalism and Immigration in 1994. Also a writer and advocate in

the community, Rai’s passion and sincere commitment to raising awareness of the Pakistani/Islamic literary cultural heritage is core to this body of work.

During the memorable reception to launch the art exhibition, the Acting Consul General of Pakistan, Mr. Fahad Amjad, stated that: “It gives me great pleasure to be here on this auspicious occasion of the Opening Reception and launch of the Art Exhibition: Peace & Harmony by Mr. Farooq Rai, a Canadian of Pakistani’s origin who hails from a family who laid their roots in British Columbia well over a century ago.

I want to convey our appreciation to those who facilitated this Art Work exhibition to take place in this beautiful setting. I understand that the World Festival in Richmond is one of B.C.’s signature multicultural festivals which celebrates cultural diversity. I acknowledge and recognize Mr. Rai’s passion and sincere commitment to raising awareness about the Peace & Harmony message, which is the theme of his unique Collage Art Work Exhibition. While in this pursuit he is also highlighting Pakistan’s unique cultural and literary heritage.

I again want to thank the Mayor and the City of Richmond for their continuous contribution and wish all the success to Mr. Farooq Rai for his passionate volunteer work.”

Mr. Rai in his passionate remarks emphasized that he “wanted to convey a message of peace and harmony from a citizen’s perspective rather then from of any political, or religious organizations.”

Mr. Rai mentioned that he was motivated by the growing recent unfortunate incidents of intolerance prompting him as an art enthusiast to present his exhibition with the theme of “Peace & Harmony.”He also emphasized that there should be no doubt in anyone’s mind that we, as proud Canadians of Pakistani origin, are committed and actively involved in making our country ever stronger, safer and prosperous. We are peace-loving, civic-minded and united in making Canada the best country in the world. Such sentiments along with the loud message of peace and harmony was warmly applauded by everyone. The audience was visibly moved by the proceedings and the art exhibition with the theme of “Peace & Harmony.”

Richmond Worldgreat Festival at Labour Day in City of Richmond Labour Day weekend tradition for the City of Rich- Among many other countries stalls Mr.Khalid Hassan

It has become a great Labour Day weekend tradition for the City of Richmond to host tens of thousands of people over 2 days at the Richmond World Festival. This event celebrates the great diversity of our city and the region. 50 food vendors along with 9 soundstages featuring non-stop entertainment. Thanks to all the attendees, the sponsors as well as hundreds of helpful volunteers. It has become a

mond to host tens of thousands of people over 2 days at the Richmond World Festival. This event celebrates the great diversity of our city and the region. 50 food vendors along with 9 soundstages featuring non-stop entertainment.

Thanks to all the attendees, the sponsors as well as hundreds of helpful volunteers.

(Richmond Well-known Realtor)family and friends displayed a very decorative Pakistani stall in pavilion where many Pakistani, Arts, Crafts, Clothing, Jewellery attracted visitors in all 2 days Richmond World Festival.

22

Muharrum 4,1440H September 14, 2018

LIFESTYLE

Aurora Borealis (Northern lights)

By:Nafisa Siddiqui Every one of us carry a bucket of wish list which contain the things we really want to do in our life , I my self had a long list but to see the Northern lights “Aurora Borealis “ a novelty , was on the top of list . Many of us don’t have any clue as to what they are or how they have come to be. this phenomena being so elusive only adds another layer of mystery and attraction to this majestic beauty.

After two years of search we came to the conclusion that Alaska is our best bet. We decided to go for Aurora chasing to Fair banks Alaska . My son who came to drop me at the air port keep on reminding we “mom don’t be disappointed it’s a hit or miss situations if you won’t be able to see northern lights still you can have fun in Fair banks, please enjoy your trip “.

Our guide took us from Fair bank hotel to 45 miles up north and stop the van on the edge of the mountain shivering with cold we all came out out of the van hoping to see the Aurora .

The night was pitch black. Silence prevails on the majestic mountain, but within this calm silence I can feel the land murmuring its beautiful secrets in my ear, wrapping its arms around me and swathing me in layers of onyx and navy darkness bejeweled with stars like the flick of a paintbrush against canvas. I stand on the edge of a hill, cottony snow blanketing the ground around my feet as the winds icy tendrils creep through the cracks and crevices of my mauve jacket and settle into the next layer of my clothing.

The cold in Vancouver is frail as compared to the sharp, biting ache of the winds in Fairbanks, Alaska. The temperature here rests at a soul chilling -40 as we stand huddled like penguins, freezing on the peak of the mountain. Though the cold makes us want to shut our eyes tight and bury ourselves in the sparse warmth of our clothing, we all look

at the sky with hope. Anxiety racks through us as we sip our steaming hot chocolate, only worsening as the sky remains in darkness. Our guide had told us there is always a fifty fifty chance to see the beautiful phenomenon of the Northern lights. Suddenly I tense, as whispering cracks fill the silence and out of the velvety black night pillars of color streak down from above. Shimmering shades of green dance amongst the stars, mingling with purple and turquoise as they move towards heaven. The lower edge glows against the silence of the darkness, only moments through my trance do I realize that I am witnessing one of the seven wonders of the world “Aurora Borealis”.

No other words could come near describing the experience of watching such beauty unfold except breathtaking. Colors ripple and break and reappear and stretch above the earth, each color dancing to their own tunes, twirling, swirling and exploding in delicate showers of pink and purple with dominating washes of green ,each with perfect harmony. It is as dramatic as a thunder storm yet as calm and gentle as the morning breeze.

My neice comes beside me, and we stand together in the snow, letting ourselves wander into the vastness of the color laced sky.

Amazing and mystic was that experience but the scientific explanation is not so poetic and fascinating. According to science, Auroras are born from charged particles released from the Sun’s atmosphere, which collide with gaseous particles. Variations in color are due to the type of gas particles that are colliding. The most common Auroral color, a pale yellowish-green, is produced by oxygen molecules located about 60 miles above the earth. Rare, all-red auroras are produced by high-altitude oxygen, at heights of up to 200 miles. Nitrogen produces blue or purplish-red aurora.

The temperature above the surface of the sun is millions of degrees Celsius. At this

temperature, collisions between gas molecules are free. Free electrons and protons are thrown from the sun’s atmosphere by the rotation of the sun and escape through holes in the magnetic field. Blown towards the earth by the solar wind, the charged particles are largely deflected by the earth’s magnetic field but the earth’s magnetic field is weaker at either pole and some particles enter the earth’s atmosphere and collide with gas particles. These collisions emit light that we perceive as the dancing lights in both the North and the South that we have now named the Northern Lights, Southern Lights, or the Aurora Borealis.

The Northern Lights not only bring visual beauty, but the phenomena also carries various myths, mysteries, and stories of legends. Many Indigenous people are very respectful to the natural beauty around them, and their stories regarding the Northern Lights are centered about sprits and souls of dead. In Danish folklore, there is another imaginative twist, where it is believed that the Northern Lights are reflections of racing swans trapped in ice, and the glimmering lights in the sky were caused by their flickering wings. The stories of old Norse mythology say that the Aurora’s lights are reflections from the shields of the beautiful virgin warriors, called Valkyries, who rode over battlefields and chose the slain. Native Americans of North Dakota believe that the fiery lights are where medicine men stirred their great simmering pots. This description of the steaming pot resembles the boiling pot in the biblical story of Jeremiah. The rich and diverse culture of Japan holds a belief that child that conceived underneath the Aurora Borealis will be blessed with beauty, intellect, and good fortune.

Many historical accounts of the North

ern Lights are available in early Chinese records, where it was described as a “red cloud spreading all over the sky.” Seneca, a Roman philosopher, wrote that an “Aurora in AD 37 tricked the emperor into sending troops to aid what he thought was the burning seaport of Ostia”. In 1583, similar “fires in the air” mobilized thousands of French pilgrims, who prayed to avert the wrath of God, and on September 15, 1839, an intense Aurora appeared in the sky for hours, moving confused fire fighters to attempt to extinguish it.

Aurora can be seen in the North and in the South, but the best place on the planet to maximize your chances of an Auroral encounter is in Churchill Manitoba, Canada.

Such a beautiful light display of nature is not to be missed, and any person standing before it will be in awe, as so many other people have been before.

I am lucky to have witnessed the majestic beauty and the dancing lights of the Aurora, and I still have the deep, aching urge to observe this heavenly beauty much closer. My heart will forever stay with the vast calmness of the snow covered mountain I stood on that night amongst the quivering arches of dancing colors in perfect harmony with one another.

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