Endangered Space
Maura Flaherty & Amber Kustaborder Under the Scramble Suit, Every Islet Is Lonely Professor Zahra Safaverdi M.Arch Studio, Fall 2020 Kent State University College of Architecture and Environmental Design
Prologue
STATE OF THE UNION Our fellow inhabitants, The fabric of our union is under attack. A city which is divided cannot stand, nor a country, or a culture. In pursuit of a better future, we must address the state of our reality. As a society, we have evolved past the need for parties within one space, and entered the phase in our species’ history in which we require a new ecosystem composed of perspectival space. Our experimentation of the American city has concluded, resulting in the dissolution of mass into a cluster of spaces perpetuating ideals that are unaligned with its inhabitants as a whole. This is because our definition of mass in terms of society has started producing inconsistencies in the pointillistic composition of the American city. The city, made up of neighborhoods and suburbs, all were dots on the painting with a common goal: to create a cohesive composition by representing their portion of the whole. As time progressed, the points started to develop their own identity but their success was suppressed by the outdated collective view, causing the inhabitants to suffer and spaces to die. While under a common goal, we created parties to discuss ways to coexist in the same space, valuing the collective goal above all others. This was a hopeless task, and it is because our architects and planners have failed us. A space for everybody could never exist as our society evolves into individual thought- there must be space for everyone. While chasing the idea of a space for the mass, we allowed the points in the painting to grow and shrink at the expense of one another to fit in the same frame. This has caused the death and life cycle of the city to recur with never achieving a successful solution that our society of individuals requires for survival. Therefore, the ecosystem we have built can no longer sustain our advancement, and must evolve itself into perspectival space. Spaces tailored to the current societal perspectives may allow the individual to flourish in an area aligned to their views. Thus, progress is in the eye of the beholder, and the ecosystem has readapted to reduce the limiting factors on our respective environments. This will allow our species to thrive and evolve further in a new space that is appropriate for our development into monocultures.
To accomplish this we must establish a system that aligns with the primary perspectives at any time. Those who thrive in each environment may do so, but we must be sensitive in our installation of the process. Spaces that have become extinct, endangered, or vulnerable due to our previous ideas of mass must be resurrected, healed, and prevented from further extinction. This may occur through the intervention of solutions that allow the individual to travel to a space of their perspective once the previous mass solution inevitably fails. A cyclical process, this system allows for the filtration of individuals whenever imbalance of perspective (not opinion) causes destruction to the fabric of the union of our realities. Through this, our space may adapt with us as our evolution continues. Space and society are in constant, parallel progression. The union is saved, and the individual is happy in their home once again.
Part I.
Chapter 4
SKYACRES The community of Skyacres is a space of progression through rehabilitative methods of adaptive reuse. The skyscraper was abandoned, due to the death of the city from recurring habitat fragmentation events. Skyacres established homes for the inhabitants within the extinct spaces of the city that lost the typology they were intended for, and would never regain. Inhabitants created residences in skyscrapers as a means of saving the space. This allowed them to create a community within each skyscraper, but it did not satisfy their need for connection in order to progress. Communities established pathways from one area to another, containing elements of the city plane they do not receive at their new height. This allowed the spaces to connect in a productive manner and contribute to the progression of the city through creating a method of establishing a second surface. Skylines are transformed into Skyplanes. Skyplanes are built by inhabitants by reuse of infrastructure from extinct spaces. The repurposed objects become productive pieces of the city once more, and sustain the advancement and expansion of the skyplanes. The connections between the towers contain patches of nature, farms, and all services necessary to sustain life at the skyplane without returning to the city plane. This creates the opportunity for a city in which more occupants may inhabit, and growth may occur at an economical rate. New structures may be established on the skplane which creates the opportunity for establishment of another plane, allowing for infinite planes to be built. Inhabitants are in constant pursuit of elevating the community engagement through the connection of the skyplanes, creating paths that trace across and through the planes. The city flourishes from constant innovation and woven planes, each serving as evidence of progress due to the existence of the next. Inhabitants create connections between planes for community purposes, but also as a tour through the past for evaluation of the evolution process. The layering of skyplanes creates an infinite progression of the city, advancing with society’s stages while maintaining connections of communities. Inhabitants in this area are fulfilled by establishing new planes when one becomes overpopulated or outdated for the inhabitants’ needs . The process of designing new and increasingly sustainable planes allows for inhabitants to free the city from its previous typology and reevaluate the needs of its built environment with the creation of each new plane. The network and system of Skyplanes allows for inhabitants to be in continuous progress as a community, perpetually reevaluating, redesigning, and rejuvenating the built environment to support the needs of the ever changing heart of the city to sustain its inhabitants’ happiness.
THE FORGOTTEN CITY An archaic spectacle, the Forgotten City is a built history of the ancient society. Inhabitants of the area perfectly preserve the status of the city just as it was in its failed state, enticing millions of tourists to visit each year. The ruins of The Forgotten City are relics of a past built environment, following a series of habitat fragmentation events that destroyed the ecosystem of the city. Museums and tours are established throughout the area including: the Suburb Museum, the Living Office Museum, the American High School Museum, and many others. Tours in the city’s heart are also available, including stops at the Stadium, Courthouse, and Skyscraper. Visitor accommodations and amenities are easy to find with hotels on every corner, authentic retro restaurants, and gift shops and stands all over the city. The inhabitants of the Forgotten City make their primary income on tourism every year. Those from the outside are fascinated by the relics of the old society, and love making a pilgrimage to this site to observe the disaster that has been so well preserved. Inhabitants do the best they can to preserve the condition of the relics, but they must create new businesses to progress further. To do so, the inhabitants create new “authentic” experiences and spaces for the visitors, eventually blurring what the relics once were into a space that allows for their economy to maintain its primary income while yielding growth. This creates a perpetual false identity for the city, but it’s also the system that sustains it. The inhabitants are fulfilled by the creation of new experiences veiled as authentic as a method of innovation, not deception. Although their city is defined by the past, they communicate their vision for the future through exacerbation of historical conditions. This allows them to tell their version of history to shape the future the visitors apply to their realities. By immortalizing their city and uncovering new features, the inhabitants may influence the visitors, and the future of progression through a concealed operation. It is their responsibility to ensure that history is not doomed to repeat itself, so they must make sure all visitors maximize their experience. Their responsibility to society is imperative. Inhabitants of the Forgotten City are fulfilled by the lucrative industry of tourism, and shaping visitors’ perspective of the past to influence the future. Through this, they may advance their community through growth of its main industry, and contribute to the growth of the community’s knowledge. The innovation of new experiences and endless visitors ensures a steady, infinite growth of the community, allowing the Forgotten City to be a permanent paradies for its inhabitants.
TAPESTRY The environment is desolate and composed of abandoned infrastructure. Inhabitants are surrounded by fragments of what was once whole. They are left with a space void of complete architecture, only moments of collected pieces that may induce brief reminiscent visions of the past. The inhabitants’ only resource for renewal are the fragments of the built environment, causing temporary residency. Shelter is scarce, so a colonized movement of inhabitants resort to using the fragments to create a new space. They start by collecting pieces, but they are too large so they must carry them together. They take these fragments to the sorting yard, where pieces are cleaned, cut into a useful geometry, and applied to new shelters. By collecting the fragments, rehabilitating them, and defamiliarizing the material’s use, inhabitants distance themselves from their tumultuous past. The process of cleaning and collection makes it more difficult to draw from historical precedents, as pieces become unrecognizable from their previous state and inhabitants no longer experience reminiscent visions. This allows for inhabitants to innovate rather than recreate their previous failed structure. A new type of shelter is created- one that stitches the fragments into a piece that is productive for the needs of the inhabitants. Their design inhibitions are released from historical precedent, and they may define the future they would like to see through establishing a new system for growth. The quilted shelters grow a material that are then used for future structures. Each new structure produces a new material, ensuring constant progress and the opportunity for new types to be discovered and adapted to the inhabitant’s needs. This creates colonies of quilted homes constantly producing progress in the built environment, and the community. Different quilt patterns fit the needs of different inhabitants, so all may exist happily in the same community. As inhabitants’ needs change, they may exchange patterns with another inhabitant. Thus, the endurance of the community is extended, as the space may grow with the inhabitant’s growth. Inhabitants are fulfilled in this environment by exchanging ideas and and designing new quilted structures to advance the built environment and the community into a place of permanence. Progress is in constant production, creating new spaces for the evolution of the inhabitants and the community.
FIVE YEAR PLAN Abandoned space and a fragmented infrastructure created a community in which inhabitants occupied the region as a temporary home, and used space as a vehicle for progress of their personal desires. For the built environment to progress, it must adapt to a space that facilitates the goals of its inhabitants, at any moment in their life. On the abandoned landscape, there are fragments of the past that are considered ruins of the community. Rather than disturbing the ruins, the newly void space is used as a tabula rasa for a new built form that may adapt to the inhabitants’ desires. Young inhabitants who once occupied the space for temporary goals before moving to the next space for accomplishment now have an architectural vehicle for achieving their goals through the creation of a new typology. The establishment of the Five Year Plan community transforms the area into a space for permanent progress. Scattered through the region, there are pods of possibilities. Inhabitants may enter the pod, and enact their five year plans of advancement. In the pods, they complete all of their goals in their five year plan, achieving a sense of accomplishment through executing the steps to complete their mission. In the pods, actions have no consequence. Significance is not determined by impact, but completion. All interactions and experiences in the pod are not real, but produce a real sense of achievement for the inhabitant. The people the inhabitants meet are figments of their imagination, but the connections felt invoke real emotions in the inhabitants. Their spaces are filled with tools created by the inhabitants as objects to further the completion of their plan. Once they finish their five year plan, there is a button within the pod they press to enter to the next phase of their life and reemerge with a sense of accomplishment, ready to take on their ten year plan. They then carry out all actions necessary to complete the next plan, based on the achievements and experiences gained from the five year plan simulation. The ten year plan is then executed even more flawlessly than the five year plan, improving on the inhabitant’s productivity techniques. Through this process, they inherently become more aware of the processes that lead to their success, refining their craft in the art of achievement. Once the inhabitant completes all goals of the ten year plan, they feel fulfilled once more, confident that their consequenceless actions of the previous plan are yielding personal growth. The new communities created within the pods as a result of the establishment of the pods serve as evidence of progress, allowing inhabitants to pursue success in a society that supports their plans. Now, it’s time to press the button once more. Up next- the 20 year plan.
LICENSED TO SKILL The community’s progression is suppressed due to a built environment that perpetuates institutionalized knowledge. Inhabitants are unable to evolve because the institutional structures for attainment of knowledge are not accessible to the entire community. This caused inhabitants to occupy their residences and explore other areas of the region instead of attending the institutions. In their investigations, inhabitants unearthed unfamiliar objects that seemed to fit together, and experimented with the combinations and forms of these pieces. Eventually, it became known that the pieces were all fragments of specific types of knowledge. When all pieces of a specific type are joined into the correct form, this creates new knowledge, which is then emitted to the community. Inhabitants then began scavenging the environment for pieces to contribute to the formation of new knowledge. In order to achieve successful investigation of new knowledge, Training Centers were established for inhabitants to learn about knowledge attainment. The Training Centers are run by inhabitants who are experienced in the search for knowledge fragments and the combination process. The instructors enable inhabitants to find pieces by teaching them strategies for discovering and joining pieces in the creation of new knowledge. Upon completion of the Training Center’s program, inhabitants achieve their Skill License, so they may share their expertise with others or continue their search for the fragments. The number of joined fragments becomes so large that there is a need for a physical space to store the objects. The licensed inhabitants then establish a central point within the community for others to bring their new knowledge objects. This area, known as the Vessel, is a space for fusing all of the new knowledge objects into one large object, emitting knowledge to the community. The creation of the new system for knowledge attainment allows for inhabitants to progress once more, without fully relying on institutionalized systems of knowledge. The Skill License program enables inhabitants to discover knowledge through skill rather than absorb it through the iteration of information. Progress and success in this community are defined by the location and combination of new knowledge. Inhabitants are fulfilled as they contribute new objects to the vessel, allowing for the community’s knowledge to grow. The new system allows for constant investigation and obtainment of objects that equip the community with the skill, knowledge, and communication of ideas necessary to continue innovation in the area, yielding constant evolution for the inhabitants and the community.
S - MART The community is divided by talent and circumstance, leading to lineages of families pursuing the same profession as their predecessors. The community inhabitants do this to ensure stability and success from inherent talent in the respective professions. This movement originally made the inhabitants happy, as they established dynasties within their field of talent. However, this did not allow inhabitants to follow a profession that may differ from their genealogy. Rather than degree by descent, the inhabitants began establishing a new occupation through the creation of the S-Mart. The S-Mart is a space built for and by those who wish to deviate from their ancestral talent. Creating a solution for this was not simple, as knowledge was held close to a family’s identity. Each recipe for success from each lineage was bought and divided into its ingredients by the S-Mart creators. This system maintains the privacy of the family, while making their pieces of knowledge accessible to all who wish to purchase it. Rather than making knowledge a piece of inheritance, the S-Mart makes the ingredients for a mastery of a subject available to the community. After the success of the first S-Mart, multiple locations are introduced throughout the community, establishing a franchise. This allows any inhabitant to visit the S-Mart and purchase any object as an ingredient to create a new recipe for success, or emulate one that they admire. The S-Marts are organized into isles for similar objects, so inhabitants may find what they need with ease and spend as much time as possible executing their recipes. Inhabitants are once happy again in their occupations, as they may change their talent by simply buying ingredients and ingesting knowledge to become successful in another subject. Eventually, other forms of the S-Mart are established with generic ingredients that are based off of those bought at the S-Mart. The S-Mart ingredients are of the purest, unfiltered quality. Products at other establishments are mimics of the S-Mart objects and therefore a secondary reading of the lineage’s knowledge. Some inhabitants prefer the other establishments to the S-Mart, allowing them to create a distanced recipe that is more unique than those of the dynastic ones perpetuated by the S-Mart. Others are happy with the S-Mart by creating new concoctions of knowledge or emulating the recipes of success they desire. The installation of the S-Mart allows the inhabitants to achieve knowledge they desire through a simple transaction. This creates a community in which
inhabitants have the freedom to attain new knowledge on the foundation of success their lineages provided for them, inventing new occupations through a new typology being instilled in the area. Progress and success are defined by the establishment of more S-Mart locations, allowing inhabitants increased access to purchase ingredients for knowledge. Inhabitants are fulfilled by creating new recipes through a built environment that supports the inhabitant’s thirst for knowledge. The community may grow with the desire of the inhabitant and their visions for new knowledge in a space for constant progression.
GLITCH The tension in the community has grown to such an extent that the fabric of the environment’s reality is at risk. The experts who study the fabric of reality studied the potential causes of this in order to save the fragile community. Concerning events reported by inhabitants of the area spurred the investigation of the causes leading to the damaged fabric. Inhabitants made experts aware that there were instances where flashes from different time periods would occur anywhere, at any moment in time. At the issue’s peak, inhabitants kept falling into a series of these glitched situations, traveling for microscopic moments in time through various scenes. Experts discovered that this was due to the emergence of a new form of matter- exotic matter. As pressure rises within the community, political mass increases, causing the formation of exotic matter. When the mass of this matter becomes too large this causes an enormous gravitational strain on the delicate fabric of the environment. When the gravitational force on the fabric is too intense, glitches are caused, similar to ones that many of the inhabitants reported. The glitches occur due to the matter, but also allow for the creation of negative energy that keeps the hole in the fabric open, causing a cyclical pattern to continue throughout the past, present, and future of the community. An analysis of paradoxes studied by the experts concludes that simple travel between times is not a viable solution for remedying the situation. In fact, the paradoxes inform that the glitches may be used as evaluations of the solutions being implemented to destroy the negative energy that feeds the cycle. Inhabitants grow tired of suffering from a seemingly infinite pattern and work with experts to create a solution. Theories and various strategies are used on a trial and error basis to deduce the proper solution for the fabric. Eventually, it becomes realized that in order to reduce the political mass and exotic matter to effectively break the cycle, inhabitants must all work together to reduce tensions. As a community, the inhabitants fulfill their role by contributing to the reduction of political matter through their actions, not just spoken ideals. This allows the inhabitants to constantly reevaluate their community’s
circumstance and create a place of equality, not equity. When the negative energy dissipates, the string of time that the community exists on may continue in a linear progression, rather than cyclical. If the glitches occur once more, this is a signal to the inhabitants that there are issues within the community that must be addressed for the survival of their reality. Progress and success in this community are defined by the constant reevaluation of all inhabitants’ needs due to the realization of the glitch system. Inhabitants are fulfilled by unveiling and solving relevant issues in order to make the community an equally beneficial space for all inhabitants. The recognition of the Glitch allows the community to grow once more, constantly developing and perpetuating a linear process of evolution. This allows an infinite system of advancement for the inhabitants, creating a more sustainable environment and reality.
ENCORE The environment that supports the established system in the community has experienced a disruption that has restructured the hierarchy of its operations. The community was originally an area that contained two primary roles: the directors and actors. The directors owned many of the establishments and held influence on the direction of community development due to their importance and stake in its success. The built environment did not support the continuance of this system, as actors’ motives became distracted from the director’s goal and the actors began improvising. This caused a disruption of the director’s vision, forcing them to establish a new system for successfully enacting their plans. The Encore community was established as a method of continuing the directors’ goals by creating a more thorough audition process for actors to ensure their intentions of fulfilling the directors’ objective are pure. Upon entering the Encore community, all inhabitants are seen by a director for an audition. Based on the director’s evaluation, the actors are given a role seen fit for their talents and how they may contribute to the director’s vision. Ultimately, actors hope to become a director someday, but must first prove their loyalty to the Encore community’s vision by participating in a production. Actors work tirelessly to play their role to the best of their ability and contribute to the success of the Encore community. After the production ends, the curtain closes, and actors quickly exit stage left and re-audition for the role of a community director, but are placed in a different part of the show so the director may have more time to evaluate their growth. Actors continue to exit stage left following each performance until they reach the stage edge. The first indication of this to the actor is when the curtain does not close and they hear an eruption of applause for an encore. The actors, perplexed by this new experience, realize that their “journey” through multiple productions in pursuit of the director’s role was all part of a larger show. Actors are elated at this epiphany, recognizing that they now have the opportunity to join the community as a director because their loyalty to the production process of Encore has been proven through the series of smaller productions. However, the role of the director is not the only new position inhabitants may assume. The choice is given
to the actors to either establish their own theater company with their own series of shows, or become an audience member. Those who chose the director path are fulfilled by creating new scripts that reimagine different storylines for the series to make a more meaningful experience for the actors. By creating new shows, directors are contributing to the growth of the community by physically making more spaces for a higher volume of actors to enter the area. The director’s success hinges on the approval of the audience, who serve as critics for the director’s new storylines for the shows. The audience is then a tool for checks and balances to hold the director accountable for perpetuating the system that protects the power held by these positions. Audience members are fulfilled when they view a successful show and protect their jurisdiction through their criticism. Success and progress are defined by the security of the audience and director’s authority, the building of new theater companies, and the increase in the population of actors. The built environment of seemingly endless stages allows for the community to grow once more and create a society of dedicated inhabitants, restoring and securing the influence of the director.
NEXT DOOR The area is ridden with a damaged built environment causing an already declining population to be composed of temporary residents. All inhabitants occupy a residence within the existing community despite the condition. Due to the fact that many reside in the area for a short period, there is a lack of maintenance for the surrounding structures because inhabitants assume the environment will be repaired by the next resident. In turn, inhabitants use this area as a vehicle for short-term goals that meet their needs at the time, as the built environment cannot support their long-term growth. This cycle causes an already wounded area to continue suffering. The community decides that there needs to be a change, or else the built environment will disintegrate, causing the area to lose it’s built history. To remedy this, the Next Door community is established, creating a community with a series of temporary solutions that ensure permanence and growth. The Next Door community consists of a new typology of residences that create a more connected environment between inhabitants, utilizing the strengths of each member to contribute to the growth of the whole. When inhabitants need a service, help, or have a skill to offer, residences bridge inhabitants of compatible needs to one another. When a new door appears in a residence, it connects to a bridge leading to another residence. Connected inhabitants have the opportunity to help, learn, and innovate together in the comfort of their homes. Once inhabitants no longer need the support of one another, the bridge disintegrates. If the inhabitants establish a personal connection, the next door may never disappear from their residence. Inhabitants may have multiple bridges in their home, receiving and providing services to various inhabitants. The resultant is a network of bridges that unify a once temporary community into an eternally progressing environment. Inhabitants of the Next Door community are fulfilled by supporting one another, which in turn creates growth in the built environment. The network serves as constructed evidence of the community’s advancement. At any point in time, all residences could be connected, or none at all. The environment adapts to the needs of the community’s inhabitants. The progress of the residences leads to a thriving community, growing in population and connections, which is reflected through the structure of the area. Ideas of success and progress are measured through the reciprocity of interactions with inhabitants, and how the residences support this. The mutualistic symbiotic relationships between inhabitants create a community of permanence and constant, productive evolution.
EXIT ONLY A community struck by a permanent influx of temporary inhabitants suffers from a built environment that cannot sustain inhabitants’ growth beyond a short period of time. Inhabitants grow tired of an area that cannot support their advancement. Rather than returning to the system that broke the community, inhabitants create a new built environment that allows them to achieve their goals. The Exit Only community utilizes the built environment as a vehicle for success. A continuous stretch of highway is established to allow ease of access to all stops necessary to achieve the inhabitants’ ambitions. The highway is populated with signs so community members may conveniently locate the path to their destinations. Signs direct inhabitants to highway stop centers with built structures that allow them to complete their goal. Once their goal is achieved, inhabitants may go back on the highway to the next stop. Inhabitants are fulfilled by this new environment, as the structure supports an expedient journey that meets the needs of their growth. As inhabitants complete more stops, they become more satisfied. Progress in this community is defined by an inhabitant visiting all stops on the highway and finally reaching the exit only sign, which leads them to the next road for continuing their success. The area is more successful the faster it moves inhabitants in and out. As more inhabitants cycle through, the more the Exit Only community has achieved. The area is under constant progression, creating stops that suit the inhabitants’ needs. While inhabitants travel, they communicate with the stop center operators about their goals, and suggest stops that may be added to increase inhabitant satisfaction. In turn, more stops are added on the highway on a request basis to facilitate the means for inhabitants to achieve their desires in the most efficient manner. The inhabitants are happy once more in a built environment that directs and supports the path to their goals before they exit to the next path.
INDEBTRITIVORE The infrastructure of the area became damaged due to extreme poverty and increased abandoned space, leading to an unsalvageable built environment. The lack of inhabitable space led to a decline in the community’s size, making it impossible to become stable and rebuild the infrastructure. The population, driven by the pursuit of progress despite broken structures, created a solution that could rebuild the environment: the Indebtritivore. This machine remedies many of the issues the community faced. The Indebtritivore is created in a warehouse where the inhabitants work to manufacture this new asset. Once complete, the Indebtritivore is released into the community to complete its task. The creature roams the area, picking up the fragments left behind of the old infrastructure. The Idebtritivore then consumes the fragments and refurbishes the abandoned pieces. The renewed fragments are stored in the top of the Indebtritivore until there are enough to make a structure. There are many Indebtritivores working in the area at once to increase productivity and the establishment of the new built environment. Once the Indebtritivore has completed its purpose, it inactivates and becomes a factory for the next machine that needs to be built in order to renew the community. As infrastructure grows and the built environment becomes more expansive, the area gains more inhabitants. The members of this community thrive due to the work of the Indebtritivore. Progress in this community is defined by the constant evolution of the design tools, and improvement of the built environment through their work. Because these creatures improve the environment, inhabitants may focus on the growth of the community in other factors, while the indebtritiovers cure the built environment. The recycled fragments take forms that adapt to the functional needs of the community. If the community ever had another fragmentation event, the Indebtritivore will reawaken and restart the process. The community becomes centered around the idea of improving space and speculating new technologies that improve the community based on its needs at any given time. Progress and success in this community are defined by the discovery of new technologies that advance the community and prevent the area from suffering its previous fate. Inhabitants become fulfilled as their community grows, securing their built environment to support the progress of the area as it evolves through time.
CITY STATE The community suffers from a system based on consistency, not comparison. The struggling area battles abandonment of space and population. Inhabitants are not receiving the aid they need in order to grow their community. All assistance given to them is based on equity, based on the condition of the surrounding communities, which prevents them from becoming equal to the other areas. Inhabitants decide to finally enact annexation of their area that has been threatened for years, before they completely collapse. Walls are built around the entire area as a protective measure against the influence of outside communities. Inhabitants build the wall, and it is the first sign of progress in the area in a long time.The walls are built out of the most stable materials they can afford. Once built, inhabitants may focus on the goals they would like to achieve within their community without fear of damage from outside areas. Inhabitants then are only in comparison to one another, all starting from similar circumstances rather than being compared to the outside. Inhabitants that were once starved for a taste of success become highly focused on achieving their personal goals. As the community progresses, the wall is built higher and higher to eliminate outside threat so the newly thriving community does not fall susceptible to the outside again.Progress is defined by the inhabitants reaching their achievements and ensuring their safety through building the wall into an impenetrable object. Inhabitants of the City State community are fulfilled by their continuous, isolated growth. While the limits of the area are defined by the wall, that does not limit the success of the community. The inhabitants constantly work to grow and progress the given space they have. The City State community is successful when inhabitants feel secure in their area, and the wall is built high enough that no outsider may enter. When the community reaches the point of self sufficiency, they may continue to constantly evolve and progress on their own terms, and based on their own needs. Inhabitants finally have a safe haven within their built environment, providing them with the necessary security to focus on their evolution and the community’s success.
SEIGE The structure of the environment created areas defined by their own culture due to stark differences in demographics, space, and wealth. The inhabitants became tired of the contrasting areas, especially because the built environment favored many communities over others. The thriving communities were districts of castles, void of taste or authentic style. This condition was a reflection of the inhabitants’ fortunate circumstance that provided the means to live within lavish homes in the district. Those in this area were comfortable in their residences, unaware of the issues with the contrasting status in comparison to others in the community. The inhabitants of the areas which were void of affluence decided to take action in pursuit of leveling the scales, which ignited the birth of the Siege community. The Siege community is one driven by frustrations of inequity that appear as vengeful motives. The inhabitants have no intention of causing harm to the inhabitants of the fortunate areas; actually quite the opposite. With the establishment of the Siege community, inhabitants have the opportunity to live and communicate harmoniously in a built environment that facilitates community growth for each inhabitant. The inhabitants achieve this by staging a coup on the structure of the community by sieging the spaces that perpetuate disparity in the area. Inhabitants outside of the fortunate residences descend upon the districts of castles, up to the boundaries of their estates that are guarded by the gates. Inhabitants, determined to accomplish a better community, use any means necessary to break the barrier by either physically dismantling the boundaries or scaling the fences. Inhabitants of the castles become frightened as they watch outsiders invade the estate until the invaders they reach the door. Once inhabitants meet, the motives of the Siege community are outlined to the castle owners. When the owners become aware of the inequity, they either flee to their other castles or willingly join the effort to better the community. After the inhabitants of both circumstances merge their intentions and efforts toward deconstructing the built environment that perpetuated inequity, the coup becomes less of a frightful experience and more of a cleansing experience for the community and enlightened castle
owners. Pieces of the castle are taken away from the siege and used to create residences of similar size, but may be different style depending on the material chosen. The dismantled castles provide the inhabitants with an abundance of basic materials from the structure and embellishment of the previous residences. With these fragments, inhabitants may construct many new residences for the community. Inhabitants only live by what they need and nothing more. This principle creates a community in which progression is not defined by the built environment. Instead success is measured by the growth of the community and discovery of spaces where individuals may prosper in equitable residences. Community members are fulfilled when the area grows and the connection between inhabitants strengthens due to the new built environment. The new residences facilitate a space in which inhabitants may focus on their connection with their neighbors as a method of improving the community rather than the embellishment of their homes. The area is in constant progression, adapting the built environment to a space of equitable and equal space, allowing inhabitants to grow and become successful through bettering their community.
THE LAND OF MCMANSIONS The community’s growth has been stunted due to the lack of space for progression. The environment can only contain a certain capacity of residences with the given typology of the inhabitant’s dwellings. The inhabitants of this area created a new prototype that allows them to be in constant progression. By establishing the Land of McMansions, inhabitants are no longer limited by the maximum occupancy of their environment, and may continue their growth through a new infinite habitat. The landscape is reshaped so that the new residences may be built without destruction of the previous ones by utilizing a limitless plane. The ground grows with the community to suit the needs of progression for the inhabitants. In the Land of McMansions, progress and success for the community are defined by the growth of the infinite plane and the McMansions which are built evidence of the inhabitant’s evolution. As inhabitants gain wealth and success, they may grow their McMansion to whatever style or size they desire. Inhabitants construct McMansions that envelop their previous McMansions, so there is no need to travel between multiple residences. Selling and buying materials for building is the only business in the community. Inhabitants strive to tailor their McMansion to their ideal home at any moment in time.The community and inhabitant become more successful as the residences and plane continue to grow. The system of continuous McMansions nested within one another successfully sustains the growing lineages of the inhabitants within one space. Inhabitants are pleased because their success, which is proven by the size and decoration of their personal environments. Their advancement is no longer restrained by the bounds of the landscape. McMansions become an inheritance and a birth-right for inhabitants, allowing for McMansions of ancestors and new generations to exist within the same home. Inhabitants are fulfilled by expanding their homes and contributing to the dynastic built environment. The community is once more a space for progress, and residences support the goals of the inhabitants. Happiness is restored to the community and inhabitants are equipped with a new typology that provides the means to progress in their preferred manner. Inhabitants are then able to succeed in a limitless built environment through the Land of McMansions, allowing the community to evolve once more and advance their society.
ARCHIVE The environment contains sectors of inhabitants with different forms of knowledge, preventing the growth of the community. The built environment perpetuates the division of these sectors through the typologies used to create the area. Inhabitants are then forced to live within the limits of these sectors and expansion may not occur at a sustainable pace due to the lack of interaction between inhabitants of the segmented community. The Archive was created by inhabitants as a system for the exchange of knowledge. The archive consists of boxes donated from members of the community that contain their knowledge. Boxes may be borrowed from the Archive and connected to an inhabitant’s resident at any time for the purpose of expanding their knowledge or completing a task. Contributions to the Archive may be made by inhabitants on a donation basis by visiting the Knowledge Bank. Inhabitants submit their boxes at the drop-off of the Archive and the knowledge is then sorted into categories for the inhabitants who visit. The Archive also takes donations from inhabitants upon their death if they choose to donate their knowledge to the community. Progress and success are defined by the use and growth of the Archive, which enable inhabitants with the knowledge necessary to improve the community. The boxes are also a method of sharing ideas of the past and present to discover new knowledge. The fusion of knowledge throughout time equips the community with the power to constantly reevaluate and innovate. Inhabitants are fulfilled through the new knowledge exchange system established by the Archive, as they may contribute to the evolution of the area to generate a successful community. The Archive grows as time progresses, becoming an indispensable part of the community’s core typologies. Inhabitants are no longer bound by an environment in which knowledge is a secular system. They may share their wealth of knowledge with anyone in the community, regardless of situation and distance. The built environment then may evolve due to the increased access to knowledge, and inhabitants may progress once more due to the creation of the new typology. The Archive serves a tool for constant innovation through the growth of the inhabitants’ knowledge, which in turn sustains the growth of the community.
BLUE DISTRICT The community is unable to grow due to the imbalance of the built environment. Inhabitants within the area each belong to a specific profession and contain a great deal of knowledge within their specialty. The built environment is structured in a way that all professions are given varying built spaces. This creates an inert hierarchy of importance between the different professions, causing some to be valued more than others. Inhabitants grow resentful of this solution because not all specialties have been given the same opportunity. The structures for each profession are allowing some to advance at a faster rate than others and the inhabitants are stuck in a biased environment that may not sustain the growth for all. To remedy this imbalance, the Blue District is established. The Blue District reorganizes the built environment for work into a system in which all inhabitants may progress their profession. All specialties are given the same value of space and the area becomes a collection of equally sized sectors. As new sectors are established, the city grows and inhabitants become happy with achieving a space that is equally dominant to that of others. As specialties grow in knowledge and expertise, the built environment in their sector grows higher, sustaining the inhabitants’ progression. Professions compete with one another as they try to grow their districts higher as built evidence of progress. The vertical growth in the structures of the blue district serve as symbols for the community’s advancement. Inhabitants are fulfilled by contributing to the advancement of their profession, and ultimately their community. The area is then able to provide space for a successful progression and the built environment supports the structure necessary for the inhabitants to achieve the evolution of their community.
Chapter 5
ASSESMENT Based on the descriptions from Part I, mark the boxes to indicate whether you would like to inhabit the following environments:
Yes
No
Skyacres The Forgotten City Tapestry 5 Year Plan Licensed to Skill S-Mart Glitch Encore Next Door Exit Only Indebtritivore City State Siege The Land of McMansions Archive Blue District
REALITY REPORT The landscape we exist on is composed of two realities. Perspectives in our societies exist within the same reality of space. The State of the Union concludes that it is no longer possible for the perspectival realities to exist successfully within the same built environment. Because inhabitants have been forced to exist and evolve within one landscape, there has been mass destruction to the environmental structure. While we tried to remedy this solution through the formations of parties of similar thought, the collapse of the built environment went unnoticed. The noble efforts to discover the ways in which we may coexist regardless of perspective became the catalyst for further destruction, and what should have been discussion became argument. This polarized the perspectives further, creating a drastic dichotomy of inhabitants within one space that no longer had similar ideas of progress or success. Due to the discrepancy between ideals, the inhabitants valiantly fought for the values of the society, while incognizant that it was a hopeless fight. In efforts to save the society, inhabitants neglected the damage occurring to the landscape. This caused the built environments that once supported the common goal to be the silent victims of dueling perspectives. Inhabitants only became aware of the extremity of the landscape’s deterioration when it broke. This led to the exploration of a new built environment in which the landscape is a barrier distinguishing two planes of reality. The alternate realities, existing on opposite sides of the same landscape spurred the establishment of perspectival environments in which inhabitants may choose between in order to live in a space where working toward a common goal is attainable once more. The two realities on the landscape are known as The Above and The Below. The Above is the reality in which all inhabitants existed prior to the collapse of the landscape. Inhabitants who were content with one set of ideals occupy this space, while those who no longer agree with the Above’s perspective journey to the Below and occupy this space. Neither reality is considered superior to the other; both are merely space for the establishment of a built environment in which inhabitants may thrive in pursuit of a common goal that aligns with their perspective. Inhabitants of the Above and the
Below view the opposite space as non- ideal. However, the alternate spaces allow for the inhabitants to exist in their realities without damage to one another or the built environment. The deterioration and restoration cycle of the landscape is then a method for saving the built environment through providing spaces adequate for the needs of the inhabitant. An ideal environment may not exist unless it is tailored to the requirements of the inhabitant’s advancement and survival. When the deterioration of the landscape leads to the creation of the threshold between the Above and the Below, there are a few options available to inhabitants as to what they would like to do. The broken landscape is an uninhabitable carcass of the dead environment, composed of a valley of bones. While the area undergoes restoration, inhabitants choose their actions based on their perspectival realities. Those uninterested in the rehabilitation process of the Above travel to the Below to establish new environments. Those who wish to reside in the Above take shelter in the Incubator with Celia until the landscape is safe again. Inhabitants that neither wish to stay in the Incubator or travel to the Below roam to another area to live in a different environment that is stable within their reality space. All options allow inhabitants to choose a path to an area that aligns with their definitions of progress and success through built environments that support perspectival societies.
EVALUATION Refer to your completed assesment to finish your evaluation on the next page. The scenarios presented in Part I are depictions of societies that exist in the Above and the Below. Each scenario has a matching Above or Below description that are opposite societies of one another. ---The Above communities include: -Skyacres -Licensed to Skill -Glitch -Siege -Indebtritivore -Tapestry -Next Door -Archive The Below communities include: -The Forgotten City -S-Mart -Encore -The Land of McMansions -City State -Five Year Plan -Exit Only -Blue District. To calculate your score for the evaluation, use the table on the next page, follow the instructions, and refer to your assessment page.
INSTRUCTIONS: Circle whether you marked “yes” or “no” for each scenario on your original assesment. Add one point for every circled “+” and subtract one point for every circled “-”, then record your score below the table. YES
NO
+
Skyacres
-
-
The Forgotten City
+
+
It Takes a Colony
-
-
5 Year Plan
+
+
Licensed to Skill
-
-
S-Mart
+
+
Glitch
-
-
Encore
+
+
Next Door
-
-
Exit Only
+
+
Indebtritivore
-
-
City State
+
+
Siege
-
-
The Land of McMansions
+
+
Archive
-
-
Blue District
+
SCORE:
RESULTS If your total score is between -3 to -10, an environment that aligns with your vision for a perspectival society would likely be found in the Below, and your action when the fabric breaks would be emigration. If your score is between -2 and 2, you would likely migrate between stable environments existing in the Above following the tear of the fabric. If your score is between 3 and 10, an environment that aligns with your vision for a perspectival society would likely be found in the Above and you would take shelter in the Incubator when the fabric tears. It is paramount to note that positive and negative values, as well as the Above and the Below are not indications of good and evil. Scores are a reflectance of a numeric calculation to decipher your perspective. Similarly, the “Above” and the “Below” are merely descriptions of location in reference to our current position on the plane of reality. The next chapter will detail the journeys inhabitants take following the tear of the reality fabric according to their perspective. Scores are listed below as a reference so you may observe which path different perspectives align with. The evaluation is not a divisive tool. In fact, it is quite the opposite. It is intended to unveil one’s perspective in an objective manner, so the environment necessary for success may be recognized and pursued given the following options: Emigration, Migration, and the Incubator.
Chapter 6
EMIGRATION -3 to -10
When the fabric of our reality breaks it creates an opening for inhabitants to choose a path while the area is being restored. The tear in the landscape presents an opportunity for those with differing views of progress and success from their collapsed community. In pursuit of a community and built environment that supports their goals, these inhabitants emigrate to the Below. To reach this new space of reality, inhabitants follow a path created by Celia that leads them to the other side of the landscape. The path winds through the valley created by the tear in the fabric, weaving through the carcass of the dead community. As inhabitants follow the path further and decline in elevation, they become surrounded by a valley of bones with perforations that serve as windows to the new reality they will inhabit. The journey to the Below differs in duration for inhabitants depending on the route they choose. While travelling, inhabitants take shelter in the bones to rest. Eventually, inhabitants become aware that the winding path does not lead to the Below, but serves as a scaffolding for the valley of bones while the landscape heals. However, the path does allow inhabitants to gain a better view of their new society if they choose to continue their travels. Inhabitants ultimately realize that the perforations in the bones are not only windows, but portals to the Below. By climbing through the bones, they may enter their new reality. Once an inhabitant climbs through the bones, they are disoriented by the nature of the geometry and their center of gravity reverses in relation to the landscape. This completes their journey to the Below, and inhabitants are finally in a built environment and community where they may pursue their ideas of progress. Once in the Below, inhabitants may not travel back through the bones unless the landscape tears again, providing portals to the Above. If the fabric breaks and inhabitants of the Below realize that the environment no longer suits their needs, they may travel through the bones and onto Celia’s path back to the Above. In doing so, inhabitants may meet with those
traveling to the Below, allowing for an exchange of ideals and perspectives. The oscillation of the landscape creates opportunities for inhabitants to emigrate to an area that may align with their views at different moments in their existence, promoting the growth of the inhabitant and their contribution to a community that supports their values.
MIGRATION -2 to 2
In the event of the landscape tearing in one area, inhabitants may choose to migrate to an environment within their space of reality along the plane that is more stable. Because the landscape is uninhabitable while it is being healed, those who do not wish to emigrate or enter the Incubator travel to another environment that has similar ideals to the one that they once occupied. Inhabitants may migrate to another community regardless of whether they dwell in the Above or the Below. Those who choose this option are not devoutly committed to the community they occupied, but more closely committed to the general ideals across their reality space. Migrating to another environment in the respective reality spaces allows them to continue living among the current perspective without waiting for the establishment of the healed environment. Once the area is healed, inhabitants who migrated may or may not return to the space depending on their level of fulfillment in their new community. Through migration, inhabitants may maintain their goals of progress and success by constantly inhabiting a built environment that supports their visions for a better community in their reality.
INCUBATOR 3 to 10
Following the tear of the fabric, the inhabitants who do not choose to emigrate or migrate enter the Incubator as a space for shelter, salvation, and protection while the dead environment is being restored. The Incubator is owned by Celia, who welcomes inhabitants to the structure and encourages them to speculate methods to improve the revitalized environment based on factors that led to the deterioration of the landscape. The structure exists above the valley of bones. The structural supports hold the valley together and tether the Incubator to the landscape carcass while Celia works to revitalize the built environment. Inhabitants who choose to enter the Incubator are interested in maintaining the perspective of their old community and use the restoration period as an opportunity to reshape the built environment to facilitate their ideas of progress. The Incubator is composed of three primary elements: the Memorial, the Waiting Rooms, and the Hub. The Memorial occupies the lowest level of the Incubator. This is the first area inhabitants encounter upon entrance. This space promotes reflection and consideration for the environment that was lost and investigation of the factors that led to the failure of the community. The ceiling is made of reflective material, while the floor is completely transparent material. This generates a space in which the floor and ceiling are painted with the view of the landscape’s carcass. Inhabitants in the space may see themselves in the bones by looking to the ceiling, or see former community members travelling through the valley by looking at the floor. These features invoke a sense of responsibility within the inhabitants while allowing them to mourn the loss of their previous built environment and community. The rest of the Memorial is filled with artifacts of the dead environment that were preserved by Celia when the landscape broke. These objects are methods of discovery for the inhabitants so they may contemplate the value and contribution of these objects to the community and how they may be modified in the future. The Memorial allows for inhabitants to ruminate on the constructs and construction that led to the demise of their former environment, spurring synthesis of possible solutions for their new built environment once the landscape is restored. The third level of the Incubator consists of the Waiting Rooms. These are the living spaces for inhabitants while they occupy the Incubator. The
Waiting Rooms contain all the amenities inhabitants require during their stay and the rooms are prepared by Celia before inhabitants enter the space. Rooms may be shared between families and friends who enter the Incubator together or private rooms may be used. Inhabitants are free to stay in whatever room they choose, as Celia accommodates for whatever condition will make them most comfortable while they wait for the restoration of the community. Situated between the Waiting Rooms and the Memorial is the Hub, which is located on the second level of the Incubator. This area acts as an information center, think tank, and observation deck for the inhabitants. The information center is an area that displays community data, including statistics that illustrate the imbalances in the previous environment and surrounding communities. This space is the most integral part of the Incubator. The information area is surrounded by windows, allowing inhabitants to observe the areas around them. The think tank portion of the Hub is a space in which inhabitants gather and reflect on their interpretations of the objects in the Memorial and the information center. Together, they may hypothesize methods of curing the landscape and establishing a built environment that supports their ideals better than the previous. While collaborating, inhabitants may also speculate on issues that may not be seen through data, and go to the information hub where Celia resides and talk with her about possible solutions as she oversees the revitalization of the community. The observation deck is an area encircling the hub floor where inhabitants may examine the landscape below them and beyond to understand how the area is being fixed and whether solutions are working. Inhabitants in the Incubator are released once the landscape is repaired, revitalized, and inhabitable as a result of their collaboration with one another and Celia. The newly built and restored built environment provides a space where those who entered the Incubator may pursue their ideals of success and progress in order to achieve fulfillment and create a better, more stable, and sustainable community.
Chapter 7
CELIA Celia is the creator and host of the Incubator, an information collector and analyst, and savior of the fabric of the inhabitant’s reality. Celia utilizes an algorithm of data points to understand the climate in all of the environments across the landscape. Upon evaluation of these statistics, she observes the rise and decline of the physical landscape in each area that is in direct correlation with their evolutionary success. As communities reach various levels of endangerment nearing the tear of the landscape, Celia attempts to warn inhabitants of the potential habitat fragmentation event. Her warnings are meant to inspire a change within the community as a preventative measure so inhabitants may save their environment. Celia’s data analysis system interprets the information from the area and the landscape height for each environment to score communities on evolutionary fitness and classify each into one of the following levels of endangerment: least concern, vulnerable, endangered, or extinct. When an area is doing well, which is represented by a peaked landscape, Celia’s role is minimal. In this instance, she reads the data of the area to ensure it is remaining successful. In a community that is of least concern, her hub is located below the peak of the community in the Above, and inside of the foundation for the community in the Below. If an area is classified as vulnerable, Celia intervenes slightly. As the peak declines to correlate with this classification, Celia sends warning vibrations through the landscape in a vulnerable community. The rumbles are not damaging to the built environment, but are a precursor to the damaging effects the community will cause if it continues its trajectory. In the event that a community reaches the endangered classification, Celia becomes more involved in the efforts to save the area. At this stage, reversing the declining peak is unlikely, as the area is suffering from a severe imbalance in perspectives within its community of inhabitants. However, Celia makes efforts to effect a change by sending more frequent vibrations. Because the score of the area is related to the height of the
landscape, endangered spaces are less similar to peaks and more similar to small mounds just above the origin line of the reality fabric. Due to this, Celia’s hub is slightly visible above the landscape, serving as a secondary warning to inhabitants that the environment is nearing extinction. When an environment reaches extinction and the landscape tears, Celia’s intervention becomes integral to the revitalization of the landscape. As the emigration, migration, and incubator sections describe, inhabitants are no longer capable of saving the previous environment due to their neglect for Celia’s warnings. While the area is uninhabitable, Celia provides options for all inhabitants through her paths to the Below for emigration and shelter for others in the Incubator. In the Incubator, the information center is the area in which Celia may communicate with inhabitants about her process for revitalizing the environment. While she implements her new solutions for the built environment through islets of new typologies that are appropriate for the area, she slowly introduces inhabitants from the Incubator back into the community. As the islets are applied to the community, their success may be observed by the status of the reality fabric. If the bones begin to disseminate into the below to form a foundation for a society in that reality, and the fabric becomes stitched together once again; this is the first sign of healing. While the islets and new typologies strengthen the community, the landscape of the area slowly rises, eventually growing to the least concern classification. Similarly, when the valley of bones falls through to the Below while the fabric is mended, the pieces compress into a foundation on the opposite side of a peak in the above. The foundation creates a safe area for the hub to rest while Celia gathers data, and a solid platform for inhabitants of the below to use for the establishment of their new built environments. While habitat fragmentation events cause dramatic damage to previous communities, they present the opportunity for the creation of a system that may better suit the needs of inhabitants. The ungliation of the landscape serves as a method for reading the status of communities, forming perspectival societies within different realities, and constant reevaluation of the community’s needs. The system of parallel realities promoting varying perspectives along a dynamic landscape
allows for inhabitants to reside in communities that promote their views, yielding spaces which all inhabitants and their built environments may be in constant parallel progression. Areas of least concern and vulnerability may be prevented from damage, endangered environments may be healed, and extinct communities may be resurrected due to the contributions of the artificial intelligence system known as the Cleveland Endangerment Level Information Analyst. The inhabitants are grateful for the new system, allowing them to be happy in the environment once again.
Part II.
Chapter 1
On the Origin of Endangered Space The methodology for this study of the American city is grounded in scientific principles regarding endangerment and evolutionary fitness due to the fragile condition of the city and its surrounding spaces. The domains of the City were taxonomized based on ecological organization: Planet-Kingdom, Country-Phylum, Region-Class, State-Order, CountyFamily, City- Genus, Neighborhood/Suburb- Species. This classification led to the examination of the city as an ecosystem whose success depends on the strength of all of its species. To properly analyze the state of the city’s ecosystem, data regarding various environmental factors across each neighborhood and suburb were collected. The averages of the data collected for each factor in the species were then compared to the average for the genus, family, order, and phylum of the area. The relation of these averages were then visually displayed in data matrices, highlighting the trends and comparison of the area to larger scale regions. Upon evaluation of these points and thorough investigation of factors not displayed in data, areas were analyzed in evolutionary terms based on their likelihood of survival given their current trajectory. Five primary limiting factors were identified that may cause endangerment of space: poverty rate, median household income, education attainment, employment rate, and population change. A scoring system was then created based on each specie’s statistics for the primary limiting factors that related their data to the averages of the family. Once calculated, the scores were divided into ranges that taxonomized species according to one of the following endangerment levels: least concern, vulnerable, endangered, or extinct. For the application of this methodology, the city of Cleveland was the experimental subject in the study of endangered space. The city, devastated by the downfall of its primary industry and insurmountable debt, suffers from a fragmented urban condition, leaving many of its neighborhoods and suburbs in a fragile state. While some areas in the region declined, others prospered, leading to an imbalanced system within Cleveland that the city could not afford to correct. Unfortunately, this caused many of the weak areas to collapse and the more fortunate ones to become stronger. While growth in any area is beneficial, the success of the ecosystem is dependent on the strength of all species.
In this study, Cleveland’s ninety neighborhoods and suburbs were evaluated across thirty-nine common environmental factors. Using the methodology for classifying endangered space, scores were given to each area based on their statistics for the five limiting factors. The taxonomized neighborhoods and suburbs may be observed through the endangerment map of the region in which the score for each neighborhood and suburb correlates with its height on the map, displaying the endangerment levels within the county. The scores were then translated into an evolutionary fitness map generated by the calculations, exhibiting each area’s chance of survival. The resultant is a landscape composed of peaks and valleys, illustrating the scores of each neighborhood and suburb in the Cleveland area. Analysis of the landscape, data, and constructs leading to community imbalance inspired the creation of a narrative that evaluated the state of the city’s condition and hypothesized new methods and typologies for revitalization. From the taxonomization of endangerment levels for Cleveland, one neighborhood and suburb (if possible) were chosen from each classification as case studies. The case studies were then evaluated more intensely on their strengths and weaknesses from the research gathered, leading to the speculation of new built environments that would support perspectives of all inhabitants in each area. Thus, each case study has an Above and Below narrative, providing solutions that address their respective weaknesses, build upon their strengths, and propose environments for progress. The correlation of endangerment levels, narratives, case studies, and their reality spaces are listed on the next page.
ENDANGERMENT LEVELS Least Concern: Hunting Valley (Above)- Siege Hunting Valley (Below)- The Land of McMansions
Vulnerable: Kamms Corner (Above)- Archive Kamms Corner (Below)- Blue District Lakewood (Above)- Next Door Lakewood (Below)- Exit Only
Endangered: Downtown (Above)- Skyacres Downtown (Below)- The Forgotten City Tremont (Above)- Tapestry Tremont (Below)- Five Year Plan Maple Heights (Above)- Licensed to Skill Maple Heights (Below)- S-Mart
Extinct: East Cleveland (Above)- Indebtritivore East Cleveland (Below)- City State Hough (Above)- Glitch Hough (Below)- Encore The collection of data for the Cleveland,endangerment analysis, and evolutionary fitness studies that ignited the narratives may be observed in the next section.
Chapter 2
BAY VILLAGE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga bay village
AREA: 7.05 square miles POPULATION: 15,319 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.6% POVERTY: 2.8% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $102,917
SCORE: 3.75, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-4.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
54
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 92%
8%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 12%
39%
19%
< high school
28%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 94% black
other
AGE 14% < 10
12% 10-17
5% 9% 18-24
13%
16%
25-34
35-44
14% 45-54
17% 55-64
65+
BEACHWOOD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga beachwood
AREA: 5.27 square miles POPULATION: 11,704 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.3% POVERTY: 4.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $89,706
SCORE: 3.44, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-4.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
54 36
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 94%
6%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 5% 18%
24%
17%
< high school
36%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 12%
72%
black
12% other
AGE 12% < 10
9% 10-17
9% 18-24
12%
11% 25-34
13% 35-44
30% 45-54
55-64
65+
BEDFORD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga bedford
AREA: 5.39 square miles POPULATION: 12,705 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.4% POVERTY: 11.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $45,413
SCORE: 1.18, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
67
40
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 73%
27%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 6% 37%
12%
36%
< high school
high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
9% masters +
DIVERSITY 55%
36%
black
6% asian
other
AGE 11% < 10
10% 10-17
9%
12% 18-24
13% 25-34
13% 35-44
14% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
BEDFORD HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga bedford heights
AREA: 4.56 square miles POPULATION: 10,663 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.5% POVERTY: 11.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $44,667
SCORE: 1.18, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
33
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
35%
10%
42%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 77%
18%
black
other
AGE 7% < 10
8%
10% 10-17
12% 18-24
12% 25-34
13%
18% 35-44
20% 45-54
55-64
65+
BENTLEYVILLE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga bentleyville
AREA: 3.69 square miles POPULATION: 976 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 0.8% POVERTY: 1.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $204,375
SCORE: 6.94, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
3.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
62
34
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 35%
5% 11% < high school
48% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 77%
18%
black
other
AGE 14% < 10
16% 10-17
6% 5% 7% 18-24
25-34
19%
22% 35-44
45-54
11% 55-64
65+
BEREA earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga berea
AREA: 5.78 square miles POPULATION: 18,859 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.8% POVERTY: 10.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $59,229
SCORE: 2.46, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-0.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
51 35 12
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 8%
26%
20%
32%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
14% masters +
DIVERSITY 7%
86%
black
other
AGE 10% < 10
18%
8% 10-17
11% 18-24
12% 25-34
12% 35-44
14% 45-54
16% 55-64
65+
BRECKSVILLE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga brecksville
AREA: 19.56 square miles POPULATION: 13,632 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.2% POVERTY: 4.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $59,229
SCORE: 3.71, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
1.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
59 47
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 89%
11%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
34%
24%
< high school
23%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 92% black
other
AGE 10% < 10
13% 10-17
5% 14% 18-24
12% 25-34
9% 35-44
9%
28% 45-54
55-64
65+
BROADVIEW HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga broadview heights
AREA: 13.06 square miles POPULATION: 19,242 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.6% POVERTY: 2.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $88,404
SCORE: 5.59, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
20.5% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
8
25
20
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 86%
14%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 22%
29%
27%
< high school
19%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 88%
6%
black
other
AGE 10% < 10
12% 10-17
8%
10% 18-24
12% 25-34
16% 35-44
16% 45-54
17% 55-64
65+
BROOK PARK earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga brook park
AREA: 7.53 square miles POPULATION: 18,721 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.8% POVERTY: 11.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $51,626
SCORE: 1.13, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-11.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
39
31
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 68%
32%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 11%
45%
9%
31%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 86% black
other
AGE 10% < 10
10% 10-17
9%
12% 18-24
11% 25-34
14% 35-44
15% 45-54
20% 55-64
65+
BROOKLYN earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga brooklyn
AREA: 4.25 square miles POPULATION: 10,862 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.0% POVERTY: 10.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $48,147
SCORE: 1.57, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
n/a
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 73%
27%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 12%
38%
< high school
12%
32% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
6% masters +
DIVERSITY 11%
67%
15%
black
other
AGE 7% < 10
10%
10% 10-17
16% 18-24
12% 25-34
12% 35-44
13%
20%
45-54
55-64
65+
BROOKLYN CENTRE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland brooklyn centre
AREA: 1.38 square miles POPULATION: 8,208 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 10.1% POVERTY: 38.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $32,736
SCORE: -1.29, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
50 56 42
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 70%
30%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 26%
31%
< high school
7%
33%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 18%
39%
black
36%
4% asian
other
AGE 15% < 10
13% 10-17
12% 18-24
15% 25-34
13% 35-44
11% 45-54
10% 55-64
10% 65+
BROOKLYN HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga brooklyn heights
AREA: 1.74 square miles POPULATION: 1,686 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.4% POVERTY: 4.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $72,206
SCORE: 3.87, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
8.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
10
6
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 80%
20%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 6% 35%
20%
30%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
10% masters +
DIVERSITY 93% black
other
AGE 14% < 10
10%
6% 10%
10-17
18-24
11% 25-34
13% 35-44
18% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
BUCKEYE SHAKER earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland buckeye shaker
AREA: 1.16 square miles POPULATION: 12,473 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 11.4% POVERTY: 29.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $35,126
SCORE: -1.78, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-22.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
72 58
50
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 85%
15%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 16%
26%
< high school
15%
28% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
15% masters +
DIVERSITY 76%
16%
black
4% other
AGE 8% < 10
7%
9% 10-17
16% 18-24
11% 25-34
12% 35-44
16%
20% 45-54
55-64
65+
CENTRAL earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland central
AREA: 2.30 square miles POPULATION: 12,726 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 23.0% POVERTY: 73.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $11,536
SCORE: -3.53, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
4.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
67
65
58
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 82%
18%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 30%
34%
< high school
4%
31%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 93% black
other
AGE 31% < 10
12% 10-17
18-24
10% 25-34
17% 35-44
10% 45-54
7% 55-64
9%
5% 65+
CHAGRIN FALLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga chagrin falls
AREA: 2.14 square miles POPULATION: 4,061 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.5% POVERTY: 1.8% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $96,694
SCORE: 4.18, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
0.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
75 54
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 95%
5%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
40%
21%
< high school
26%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 96% black
other
AGE 11% < 10
14% 10-17
9% 18-24
8%
14%
25-34
18% 35-44
23% 45-54
55-64
65+
CLARK - FULTON earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland clark - fulton
AREA: 1.01 square miles POPULATION: 11,131 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 9.6% POVERTY: 46.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $25,298
SCORE: -2.53, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-16.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
70 59 41
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 37%
34%
< high school
6%
22%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 15%
32%
black
51% asian
other
AGE 14% < 10
12% 10-17
12% 18-24
13% 25-34
14% 35-44
13% 45-54
12% 55-64
9% 65+
CLEVELAND HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland heights
AREA: 8.09 square miles POPULATION: 44,865 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.5% POVERTY: 18.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $56,993
SCORE: 0.98, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
53
50 38
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 88%
12%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 6% 16%
25%
25%
< high school
high school
28%
some college
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 43%
46%
black
white
5%
hispanic
asian
other
AGE 12% < 10
9% 10-17
11%
17% 18-24
11% 25-34
11% 35-44
12% 45-54
16% 55-64
65+
CORLETT earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland corlett
AREA: 1.47 square miles POPULATION: 11,582 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 14.3% POVERTY: 34.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $24,730
SCORE: -2.79, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-24.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
52
47
41
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 73%
27%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 20%
41%
< high school
4%
32%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 97% black
other
AGE 11% < 10
13% 10-17
10% 18-24
9%
11% 25-34
12% 35-44
15% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
CUDELL earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland cudell
AREA: 1.21 square miles POPULATION: 9,609 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 12.6% POVERTY: 41.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $26,579
SCORE: -1.83, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-11.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
67
60 49
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 26%
36%
< high school
high school
7%
28% some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 31%
42%
black
22%
white
other
AGE 16% < 10
13% 10-17
11% 18-24
13%
11%
25-34
35-44
16% 45-54
11% 55-64
8% 65+
CUYAHOGA HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cuyahoga heights
AREA: 3.07 square miles POPULATION: 630 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.4% POVERTY: 12.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $56,111
SCORE: 2.68, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
5.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
n/a
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 81%
19%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 7%
46%
15%
25%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
6% masters +
DIVERSITY 88%
5%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
14% 10-17
9% 18-24
8%
15% 25-34
19% 35-44
10% 45-54
55-64
13% 65+
DETROIT - SHOREWAY earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland detroit - shoreway
AREA: 2.16 square miles POPULATION: 14,357 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.9% POVERTY: 43.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $31,501
SCORE: -2.12, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-18.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
74
71 50
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 24%
26%
< high school
15%
27%
high school
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
7% masters +
DIVERSITY 21%
49%
black
24% white
5% other
AGE 11% < 10
11% 10-17
9%
19% 18-24
12% 25-34
35-44
14%
12% 45-54
55-64
12% 65+
DOWNTOWN earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland downtown
AREA: 3.02 square miles POPULATION: 9,098 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.7% POVERTY: 52.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $53,684
SCORE: 4.50, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
53.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
90 79 67
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 88%
12%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 18%
19%
< high school
22%
21% high school
20%
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 33%
49%
black
6% 8%
white
4% other
AGE 27% < 10
35% 10-17
18-24
13% 25-34
35-44
45-54
10% 55-64
10%
4% 65+
EAST CLEVELAND earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga east cleveland
AREA: 3.09 square miles POPULATION: 17,321 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 12.8% POVERTY: 38.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $21,439
SCORE: -3.98, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-36.4% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
59
54
WALKABILITY
47
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 79%
21%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
36%
< high school
8%
34% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
4% masters +
DIVERSITY 91%
6%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
8% 10-17
10%
11% 18-24
11% 25-34
11% 35-44
15% 45-54
21% 55-64
65+
EDGEWATER earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland edgewater
AREA: 0.87 square miles POPULATION: 7,622 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.2% POVERTY: 22.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $38,628
SCORE: 0.34, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
68
65 51
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 11%
24%
19%
30%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
16% masters +
DIVERSITY 22%
55%
black
14%
white
7% other
AGE 10% < 10
7%
9% 10-17
20% 18-24
15% 25-34
14% 35-44
12% 45-54
14% 55-64
65+
EUCLID earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga euclid
AREA: 11.48 square miles POPULATION: 47,456 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.9% POVERTY: 21.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $37,662
SCORE: 0.21, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.0% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
42
40
38
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 77%
23%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 11%
33%
14%
36%
< high school
high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
7% masters +
DIVERSITY 60%
35%
black
asian
other
AGE 11% < 10
9% 10-17
9%
12% 18-24
12% 25-34
13% 35-44
16% 45-54
17% 55-64
65+
EUCLID GREEN earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland euclid green
AREA: 1.15 square miles POPULATION: 5,534 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.4% POVERTY: 30.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $25,378
SCORE: -0.94, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-13.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
36
36
32
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 80%
20%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 11%
33%
< high school
14%
36% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
7% masters +
DIVERSITY 86%
8%
black
4% other
AGE 10% < 10
11%
12% 10-17
12% 18-24
11% 25-34
9% 35-44
15% 45-54
20% 55-64
65+
FAIRFAX earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland fairfax
AREA: 1.39 square miles POPULATION: 5,178 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 13.7% POVERTY: 43.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $23,501
SCORE: -3.76, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-30.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
64
WALKABILITY
54
54
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 89%
11%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 24%
31%
< high school
8%
35%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 95% black
other
AGE 11% < 10
13% 10-17
10% 18-24
9%
9% 25-34
10% 35-44
15% 45-54
23% 55-64
65+
FAIRVIEW PARK earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga fairview park
AREA: 4.69 square miles POPULATION: 16,400 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.2% POVERTY: 9.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $57,752
SCORE: 1.94, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
42
39 28
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 84%
16%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 5% 23%
27%
30%
< high school
15%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 90%
5%
black
other
AGE 11% < 10
8% 10-17
9%
16% 18-24
10% 25-34
13%
14%
19%
35-44
45-54
55-64
65+
FOREST HILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland forest hills
AREA: 1.47 square miles POPULATION: 10,618 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 15.0% POVERTY: 34.8% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $24,230
SCORE: -3.56, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-32.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
59
WALKABILITY
48
50
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 88%
11%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 19%
34%
< high school
6%
38%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 49%
48%
black
asian
other
AGE 12% < 10
13% 10-17
11% 18-24
12% 25-34
8%
13% 35-44
15% 45-54
16% 55-64
65+
GARFIELD HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga garfield heights
AREA: 7.29 square miles POPULATION: 28,001 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.5% POVERTY: 18.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $41,841
SCORE: 0.54, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-8.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
44
40
32
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 74%
26%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 12%
39%
< high school
9%
34% high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
5% masters +
DIVERSITY 47%
47%
black
asian
other
AGE 13% < 10
10% 10-17
8%
14% 18-24
12% 25-34
13% 35-44
14% 45-54
17% 55-64
65+
GATES MILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga gates mills
AREA: 8.97 square miles POPULATION: 2,198 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.1% POVERTY: 6.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $161,250
SCORE: 4.33, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-11.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
18
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 94%
6%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 13%
13%
< high school
29%
44%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 90%
5%
black
other
AGE 9% < 10
5% 10%
11% 10-17
18-24
11% 25-34
23% 35-44
28% 45-54
55-64
65+
GLENVILLE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland glenville
AREA: 2.51 square miles POPULATION: 15,950 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 16.0% POVERTY: 42.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $24,389
SCORE: -3.56, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-32.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
63
62 45
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 100%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 20%
31%
< high school
some college
12%
11%
27%
high school
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 45%
38%
black
white
4% 9%
hispanic
asian
4% other
AGE 6% 6% 55% < 10
10-17
7% 18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
5% 5% 8% 55-64
7% 65+
GLENWILLOW earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga glenwillow
AREA: 2.78 square miles POPULATION: 1,034 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.5% POVERTY: 7.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $80,357
SCORE: 14.79, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
130.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
7
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 83%
17%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 10%
28%
< high school
19%
18% high school
25%
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 34%
44%
black
17%
white
other
AGE 14% < 10
13% 10-17
6% 12% 18-24
25-34
16% 35-44
13% 45-54
22% 55-64
65+
GOODRICH / KIRTLAND PARK earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland goodrich / kirtland park
AREA: 2.51 square miles POPULATION: 15,950 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 16.0% POVERTY: 42.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $24,389
SCORE: -1.01, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-2.0% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
73 59 48
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 80%
20%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 20%
27%
< high school
16%
15%
22%
high school
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 27%
43%
black
5% 18%
white
7% other
AGE 33% < 10
20% 10-17
18-24
25-34
8% 35-44
12% 45-54
13% 55-64
9% 65+
HIGHLAND HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga highland heights
AREA: 5.15 square miles POPULATION: 8,396 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.6% POVERTY: 3.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $106,739
SCORE: 4.51, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
3.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
32 7
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 92%
8%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 20% < high school
20%
27%
high school
some college
bachelors
29%
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 85%
10%
black
other
AGE 10% < 10
11%
8% 10-17
11% 18-24
14% 25-34
19% 35-44
23% 45-54
55-64
65+
HIGHLAND HILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga highland hills
AREA: 1.97 square miles POPULATION: 992 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.2% POVERTY: 30.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $25,781
SCORE: -3.10, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-39.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
n/a
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 92%
8%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
27%
< high school
8%
41% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
7% masters +
DIVERSITY 77%
19%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
12% 10-17
17% 18-24
11% 25-34
11% 35-44
11%
11% 45-54
15% 55-64
65+
HOUGH earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland hough
AREA: 2.05 square miles POPULATION: 12,802 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 14.6% POVERTY: 46.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $23,377
SCORE: -3.29, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-21.4% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
65
63 44
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 83%
17%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 28%
34%
< high school
7%
27%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
5%
masters +
DIVERSITY 87%
7%
black
other
AGE 15% < 10
10% 10-17
10% 18-24
13%
11% 25-34
11% 35-44
15% 45-54
15% 55-64
65+
HUNTING VALLEY earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga hunting valley
AREA: 8.02 square miles POPULATION: 740 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.9% POVERTY: 3.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $250,001
SCORE: 7.56, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
0.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
0
13
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 95%
5%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 36%
6% 13% < high school
43%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 93% black
other
AGE 10% < 10
14% 10-17
5% 6% 6% 17% 18-24
25-34
11% 35-44
31% 45-54
55-64
65+
LEE - MILES earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland lee - miles
AREA: 2.93 square miles POPULATION: 13,823 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 10.6% POVERTY: 24.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $36,966
SCORE: -0.56, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-12.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
44
44
38
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 76%
24%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 16%
38%
< high school
33%
8%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
5% masters +
DIVERSITY 94% black
other
AGE 14% < 10
9% 10-17
9%
12% 18-24
9% 25-34
12% 35-44
14% 45-54
22% 55-64
65+
INDEPENDENCE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga independence
AREA: 9.64 square miles POPULATION: 7,156 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.6% POVERTY: 1.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $100,278
SCORE: 4.15, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
0.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
31
30
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 92%
8%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 5% 27%
29%
22%
< high school
16%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 95% black
other
AGE 11% < 10
11% 10-17
7%
7% 18-24
11%
17% 25-34
16% 35-44
45-54
20% 55-64
65+
INDUSTRIAL VALLEY earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland industrial valley
AREA: 0.86 square miles POPULATION: 603 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 10.8% POVERTY: 38.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $26,667
SCORE: -4.26, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-41.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
60
58
39
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 87%
13%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 24%
38%
< high school
36%
high school
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 31%
55%
black
10%
white
other
AGE 5% 18% < 10
6% 26% 10-17
18-24
19% 25-34
35-44
14% 45-54
6% 55-64
6% 65+
JEFFERSON earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland jefferson
AREA: 2.85 square miles POPULATION: 18,208 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.5% POVERTY: 27.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $36,602
SCORE: -0.11, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-9.0% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
63
58 45
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 70%
30%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 22%
36%
< high school
31%
8%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 81%
7%
black
5% other
AGE 13% < 10
13% 10-17
8% 18-24
14%
13% 25-34
14% 35-44
13% 45-54
12% 55-64
65+
KAMM'S CORNERS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland kamm's corners
AREA: 3.77 square miles POPULATION: 19,487 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.4% POVERTY: 11.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $57,966
SCORE: 1.81, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
51
48
43
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
39%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
27%
20%
32%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
11% masters +
DIVERSITY 4% 81%
7%
black
5% 3% other
AGE 9% < 10
7%
6% 16% 10-17
12% 18-24
25-34
15% 35-44
20% 45-54
16% 55-64
65+
KINSMAN earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland kinsman
AREA: 1.78 square miles POPULATION: 4,037 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 11.4% POVERTY: 83.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $10,323
SCORE: -6.18, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-29.5% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
52
44
41
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 69%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 27%
40%
< high school
29%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 99% black
other
AGE 36% < 10
11% 10-17
18-24
12% 25-34
14% 35-44
7% 45-54
6% 5% 8% 55-64
65+
LAKEWOOD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga lakewood
AREA: 6.70 square miles POPULATION: 50,553 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.4% POVERTY: 14.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $51,323
SCORE: 1.14, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
69
63 38
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
39%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 28%
18%
6% 20%
28%
< high school
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 6% 83%
6%
black
3% other
AGE 10% < 10
7%
9% 10-17
23% 18-24
13% 25-34
12% 35-44
12% 45-54
12% 55-64
65+
LINNDALE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga linndale
AREA: 0.08 square miles POPULATION: 132 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.2% POVERTY: 50.8% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $30,446
SCORE: 0.53, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
12.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
47 38 29
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 91%
9%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 42%
21%
< high school
high school
33%
some college
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 10%
33%
black
52% white
hispanic
asian
other
AGE 9% < 10
27%
28% 10-17
18-24
25-34
5% 12% 35-44
45-54
17% 55-64
65+
LYNDHURST earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga lyndhurst
AREA: 4.44 square miles POPULATION: 13,630 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.7% POVERTY: 4.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $75,236
SCORE: 2.38, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-10.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
56
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 87%
13%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 20%
28%
< high school
28%
20%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 12%
84%
black
other
AGE 10% < 10
6% 6% 15% 10-17
11% 18-24
25-34
11%
16% 35-44
26% 45-54
55-64
65+
MAPLE HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga maple heights
AREA: 5.17 square miles POPULATION: 22,539 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.9% POVERTY: 22.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $41,019
SCORE: -0.15, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-13.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
42
38
31
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 12%
38%
< high school
10%
36% high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
5% masters +
DIVERSITY 73%
22%
black
other
AGE 13% < 10
10% 10-17
10% 18-24
14%
12% 25-34
15% 35-44
14% 45-54
14% 55-64
65+
MAYFIELD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga mayfield
AREA: 3.95 square miles POPULATION: 3,397 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.8% POVERTY: 2.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $76,792
SCORE: 3.48, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-1.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
23
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 82%
18%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 21%
27%
< high school
27%
21%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 92%
5%
black
other
AGE 8% < 10
8%
8% 10-17
10% 18-24
9%
15% 25-34
15% 35-44
27% 45-54
55-64
65+
MAYFIELD HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga mayfield heights
AREA: 4.18 square miles POPULATION: 18,766 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.5% POVERTY: 9.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $53,373
SCORE: 2.03, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-3.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
46
45 24
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 88%
12%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 5% 28%
26%
< high school
25%
16%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 12%
79%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
7% 10-17
7%
17% 18-24
11% 25-34
12% 35-44
10% 45-54
24% 55-64
65+
MIDDLEBURG HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga middleburg heights
AREA: 8.07 square miles POPULATION: 15,670 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.5% POVERTY: 4.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $61,709
SCORE: 3.01, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
0.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
64 42
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 83%
17%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 7%
27%
30%
< high school
22%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
14% masters +
DIVERSITY 83%
5% 8%
black
other
AGE 10% < 10
9%
5% 13% 10-17
18-24
12% 25-34
12%
15% 35-44
24% 45-54
55-64
65+
MORELAND HILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga moreland hills
AREA: 7.23 square miles POPULATION: 3,316 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.8% POVERTY: 2.7% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $136,250
SCORE: 4.84, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
0.5% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
23 3
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 95%
5%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 6% 16%
38%
< high school
39%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 93% black
other
AGE 9% < 10
11%
11% 10-17
18-24
19% 25-34
19% 35-44
25% 45-54
55-64
65+
MT PLEASANT earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland mt pleasant
AREA: 1.89 square miles POPULATION: 16,745 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 13.2% POVERTY: 34.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $30,517
SCORE: -2.77, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-27.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
50
WALKABILITY
45
49
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 83%
17%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 14%
35%
< high school
37%
9%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
6% masters +
DIVERSITY 92% black
other
AGE 12% < 10
13% 10-17
8%
12% 18-24
10% 25-34
11% 35-44
14% 45-54
20% 55-64
65+
NEWBURGH HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga newburgh heights
AREA: 0.58 square miles POPULATION: 1,778 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 9.7% POVERTY: 22.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $31,866
SCORE: -1.63, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-25.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
34 23
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 64%
36%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
40%
< high school
32% high school
9%
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 24%
67%
black
6%
white
other
AGE 10% < 10
9%
5% 12% 10-17
18-24
15% 25-34
12% 35-44
17% 45-54
19% 55-64
65+
NORTH BROADWAY earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland n. broadway
AREA: 1.70 square miles POPULATION: 5,869 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 17.2% POVERTY: 55.8% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $24,044
SCORE: -5.32, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-36.4% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
55
52
50
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 26%
38%
< high school
32%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 51%
39%
black
9% asian
other
AGE 15% < 10
12% 10-17
11% 18-24
16% 25-34
14% 35-44
14% 45-54
10% 55-64
8% 65+
NORTH COLLINWOOD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland n. collinwood
AREA: 2.49 square miles POPULATION: 13,871 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 8.1% POVERTY: 31.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $33,112
SCORE: -2.39, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-29.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
53
49 38
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 75%
25%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
32%
< high school
34% high school
some college
white
hispanic
6% 10% bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 67%
27%
black
asian
other
AGE 13% < 10
5% 7% 10-17
14% 18-24
9% 25-34
15%
19% 35-44
45-54
19% 55-64
65+
NORTH OLMSTED earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga north olmsted
AREA: 11.67 square miles POPULATION: 31,888 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.4% POVERTY: 8.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $63,701
SCORE: 2.20, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.5% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
41 28
21
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 79%
21%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 8%
30%
32%
< high school
21%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
10% masters +
DIVERSITY 89% black
other
AGE 9% < 10
10%
8% 10-17
12% 18-24
11% 25-34
14% 35-44
16% 45-54
20% 55-64
65+
NORTH RANDALL earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga north randall
AREA: 0.77 square miles POPULATION: 1,023 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.6% POVERTY: 20.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $31,357
SCORE: 2.35, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
12.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
61 49
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 77%
23%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
40%
39%
< high school
7%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
5%
masters +
DIVERSITY 78%
19%
black
other
AGE 7% < 10
5%
9% 10-17
8% 18-24
13%
20% 25-34
35% 35-44
45-54
55-64
65+
NORTH ROYALTON earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga north royalton
AREA: 21.42 square miles POPULATION: 30,239 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.3% POVERTY: 4.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $69,236
SCORE: 3.51, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
5.4% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
15
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 83%
17%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 6% 25%
30%
< high school
25%
14%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 90% black
other
AGE 10% < 10
10% 10-17
7%
15% 18-24
13% 25-34
13% 35-44
15% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
OAKWOOD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga oakwood
AREA: 3.46 square miles POPULATION: 3,692 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.6% POVERTY: 19.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $51,336
SCORE: 1.82, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
0.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
n/a
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 88%
12%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
30%
34%
< high school
11%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
16%
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 63%
32%
black
asian
other
AGE 8% < 10
8%
11% 10-17
12% 18-24
7% 25-34
14%
18% 35-44
24% 45-54
55-64
65+
OHIO CITY earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland ohio city
AREA: 1.78 square miles POPULATION: 9,221 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.6% POVERTY: 40.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $37,953
SCORE: -0.09, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-0.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
81
73 57
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 84%
16%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 19%
23%
< high school
25%
high school
17%
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
15% masters +
DIVERSITY 35%
41%
black
18%
white
other
AGE 18% < 10
8% 10-17
10% 18-24
23% 25-34
12% 35-44
11% 45-54
10% 55-64
8% 65+
OLD BROOKLYN earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland old brooklyn
AREA: 5.76 square miles POPULATION: 32,008 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.4% POVERTY: 23.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $39,585
SCORE: 0.45, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.4% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
56
54 37
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 19%
34%
< high school
32%
13%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 9%
64%
21%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
9% 10-17
8%
15% 18-24
12% 25-34
15% 35-44
16% 45-54
13% 55-64
65+
OLMSTED FALLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga olmsted falls
AREA: 4.09 square miles POPULATION: 8,912 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.4% POVERTY: 2.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $65,982
SCORE: 4.26, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
11.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
46
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 79%
21%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 25%
35%
< high school
24%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
13% masters +
DIVERSITY 96% black
other
AGE 9% < 10
12%
6% 8% 10-17
18-24
13%
16% 25-34
15% 35-44
45-54
21% 55-64
65+
ORANGE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga orange
AREA: 3.83 square miles POPULATION: 3,285 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.0% POVERTY: 3.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $105,385
SCORE: 4.31, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
1.5% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
42 22
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 90%
10%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 8%
23%
34%
< high school
34%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 17%
79%
black
other
AGE 9% < 10
16%
6% 10-17
18-24
9%
18% 25-34
17% 35-44
21% 45-54
55-64
65+
PARMA earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga parma
AREA: 20.07 square miles POPULATION: 79,559 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.6% POVERTY: 9.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $55,536
SCORE: 1.81, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-7.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
40
41
34
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 75%
25%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
37%
34%
< high school
15%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
6% masters +
DIVERSITY 88%
5%
black
other
AGE 10% < 10
9%
8% 10-17
14%
12%
18-24
25-34
13% 35-44
15% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
PARMA HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga parma heights
AREA: 4.19 square miles POPULATION: 20,162 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.0% POVERTY: 9.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $49,326
SCORE: 1.71, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
45
42
40
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 77%
23%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 8%
32%
35%
< high school
17%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
8% masters +
DIVERSITY 7%
80%
7%
black
other
AGE 11% < 10
8% 10-17
9%
14% 18-24
11% 25-34
13% 35-44
14% 45-54
20% 55-64
65+
PEPPER PIKE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga pepper pike
AREA: 7.15 square miles POPULATION: 6,242 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 1.7% POVERTY: 5.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $193,889
SCORE: 6.43, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
3.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
6
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 93%
7%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 7%
13%
36%
< high school
43%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 82%
10%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
13% 10-17
6% 18-24
10%
15% 25-34
15% 35-44
25% 45-54
55-64
65+
PURITAS - LONGMEAD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland puritas - longmead
AREA: 3.46 square miles POPULATION: 13,987 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.6% POVERTY: 27.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $35,483
SCORE: -0.14, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-8.0% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
47
43 30 WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 23%
43%
< high school
24%
high school
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
7% masters +
DIVERSITY 32%
43%
black
18%
white
other
AGE 11% < 10
11% 10-17
12%
11% 18-24
15% 25-34
16% 35-44
12% 45-54
55-64
12% 65+
RICHMOND HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga richmond heights
AREA: 4.45 square miles POPULATION: 10,449 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.2% POVERTY: 12.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $51,625
SCORE: 1.66, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-4.5% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
31 21
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 81%
19%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 8%
27%
33%
< high school
20%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
13%
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 49%
41%
black
asian
other
AGE 9% < 10
8%
9% 10-17
13% 18-24
9% 25-34
14%
16% 35-44
22% 45-54
55-64
65+
RIVERSIDE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland riverside
AREA: 8.77 square miles POPULATION: 4,910 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.8% POVERTY: 33.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $4,910
SCORE: 0.49, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-1.4% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
42
42
TRANSIT
BIKE
35
WALKABILITY
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 21%
36%
< high school
28%
high school
8%
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
6% masters +
DIVERSITY 29%
46%
black
16%
white
6% other
AGE 19% < 10
10% 10-17
8% 18-24
15% 25-34
9% 35-44
13%
14% 45-54
12% 55-64
65+
ROCKY RIVER earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga rocky river
AREA: 5.60 square miles POPULATION: 20,310 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.9% POVERTY: 4.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $70,341
SCORE: 3.04, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-2.0% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
44
44 34
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 88%
12%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 15%
24%
< high school
31%
28%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 93% black
other
AGE 12% < 10
9% 10-17
5% 13% 18-24
10% 25-34
14% 35-44
14% 45-54
24% 55-64
65+
SEVEN HILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga seven hills
AREA: 4.92 square miles POPULATION: 11,690 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.7% POVERTY: 6.2% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $79,735
SCORE: 2.98, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-3.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
32 4
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 85%
15%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 5% 30%
29%
< high school
24%
12%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 92% black
other
AGE 7% < 10
7%
6% 12% 10-17
10% 18-24
12% 25-34
18% 35-44
27% 45-54
55-64
65+
SHAKER HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga shaker heights
AREA: 6.33 square miles POPULATION: 27,620 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.8% POVERTY: 8.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $83,420
SCORE: 2.67, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
48
47
TRANSIT
BIKE
43
WALKABILITY
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 93%
7%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 10%
20%
< high school
25% high school
41% some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 35%
54%
black
5%
white
other
AGE 13% < 10
14% 10-17
5% 12% 18-24
13% 25-34
13% 35-44
13% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
SOLON earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga solon
AREA: 20.48 square miles POPULATION: 23,038 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.1% POVERTY: 4.6% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $104,625
SCORE: 4.57, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
5.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
35 11
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 91%
9%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 15%
20%
< high school
31%
30%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 11%
72%
black
12% other
AGE 12% < 10
14% 10-17
5% 6% 13% 18-24
25-34
18% 35-44
15% 45-54
17% 55-64
65+
SOUTH BROADWAY earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland s. broadway
AREA: 3.54 square miles POPULATION: 16,638 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 13.9% POVERTY: 40.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $30,128
SCORE: -2.81, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-22.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
58
54 39
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 21%
41%
< high school
27%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
7%
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 49%
39%
black
7% asian
5% other
AGE 14% < 10
14% 10-17
10% 18-24
14% 25-34
13% 35-44
13% 45-54
13% 55-64
9% 65+
SOUTH COLLINWOOD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland s. collinwood
AREA: 2.55 square miles POPULATION: 10,548 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 14.0% POVERTY: 41.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $26,716
SCORE: -3.32, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-26.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
52
50
41
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 25%
33%
< high school
36%
5%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 83%
12%
black
other
AGE 12% < 10
14% 10-17
14% 18-24
13%
11%
25-34
35-44
13% 45-54
12% 55-64
12% 65+
SOUTH EUCLID earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga south euclid
AREA: 4.66 square miles POPULATION: 21,688 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 5.1% POVERTY: 16.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $58,760
SCORE: 1.42, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-7.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
45
45 31
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 84%
16%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 6% 24%
31%
< high school
high school
22% some college
17%
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 43%
46%
black
white
7%
hispanic
asian
other
AGE 10% < 10
11%
12% 10-17
12% 18-24
12% 25-34
13% 35-44
15% 45-54
16% 55-64
65+
ST. CLAIR - SUPERIOR earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland st. clair - superior
AREA: 1.42 square miles POPULATION: 7,272 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 13.1% POVERTY: 53.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $23,363
SCORE: -4.89, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-36.2% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
69
66 42
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 73%
27%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 27%
35%
< high school
29%
5%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 76%
14%
black
8% other
AGE 14% < 10
9% 10-17
10% 18-24
13%
11% 25-34
14% 35-44
15% 45-54
14% 55-64
65+
STOCKYARDS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland stockyards
AREA: 1.40 square miles POPULATION: 7,313 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 9.4% POVERTY: 39.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $29,917
SCORE: -1.88, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-15.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
59
54 35
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 72%
28%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 31%
37%
< high school
22%
high school
some college
white
hispanic
9%
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 12%
52%
black
33% asian
other
AGE 15% < 10
14% 10-17
11% 18-24
14% 25-34
12% 35-44
13% 45-54
13% 55-64
9% 65+
STRONGSVILLE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga strongsville
AREA: 24.63 square miles POPULATION: 44,752 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.5% POVERTY: 4.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $87,264
SCORE: 3.76, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
2.0% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
34 19
21
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 86%
14%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 23%
27%
< high school
high school
some college
29% bachelors
18%
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 88% black
other
AGE 11% < 10
10% 10-17
7%
10% 18-24
11% 25-34
15%
16% 35-44
45-54
20% 55-64
65+
TREMONT earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland tremont
AREA: 2.59 square miles POPULATION: 6,924 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.0% POVERTY: 32.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $48,665
SCORE: -0.56, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-14.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
72
67 44
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 82%
18%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
19%
< high school
25%
22%
17%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 18%
61%
black
17% other
AGE 10% < 10
7%
9% 10-17
33% 18-24
12% 25-34
35-44
9% 45-54
12% 55-64
8% 65+
UNION - MILES PARK earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland union - miles park
AREA: 2.01 square miles POPULATION: 10,296 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 17.4% POVERTY: 44.0% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $25,141
SCORE: -4.25, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-33.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
46
WALKABILITY
41
44
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 73%
27%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 15%
35%
< high school
40% high school
some college
white
hispanic
7% bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 12%
52%
black
33% asian
other
AGE 13% < 10
11% 10-17
10% 18-24
15%
11% 25-34
10% 35-44
13% 45-54
16% 55-64
65+
UNIVERSITY CIRCLE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland university circle
AREA: 1.52 square miles POPULATION: 7,829 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 4.7% POVERTY: 49.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $23,508
SCORE: -2.06, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-16.8% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
74
WALKABILITY
58
61
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 90%
10%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 10%
23%
< high school
17%
23%
26%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 14%
62%
black
16% other
AGE 74% < 10
7% 10-17
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
5% 6% 65+
UNIVERSITY HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga university heights
AREA: 1.83 square miles POPULATION: 13,138 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.9% POVERTY: 13.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $72,951
SCORE: 2.13, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-7.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
81
51
n/a WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 90%
10%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 5% 12%
26%
< high school
28% high school
29%
some college
bachelors
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 22%
71%
black
white
other
AGE 14% < 10
8% 10-17
21%
18% 18-24
25-34
10% 35-44
9% 45-54
10% 55-64
12% 65+
VALLEY VIEW earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga valley view
AREA: 5.56 square miles POPULATION: 2,013 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 3.5% POVERTY: 5.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $91,711
SCORE: 2.92, vulnerable
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-7.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
8
n/a
n/a
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 70%
30%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 33%
30%
< high school
23%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
11% masters +
DIVERSITY 97% black
other
AGE 8% < 10
12%
8% 10-17
6% 9% 18-24
15% 25-34
20% 35-44
20% 45-54
55-64
65+
WALTON HILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga walton hills
AREA: 6.8 square miles POPULATION: 2,215 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.0% POVERTY: 4.1% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $64,643
SCORE: 2.46, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-7.7% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
34
n/a
1
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 82%
18%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 7%
38%
27%
< high school
19%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
9% masters +
DIVERSITY 9%
88%
black
other
AGE 5% 7% < 10
6% 11% 10-17
18-24
28% 25-34
35% 35-44
45-54
55-64
65+
WARRENSVILLE HEIGHTS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga warrensville heights
AREA: 4.14 square miles POPULATION: 13,258 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.7% POVERTY: 19.3% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $34,814
SCORE: 0.13, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-12.3% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
40
WALKABILITY
n/a
n/a
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 78%
22%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 9%
32%
42%
< high school
11%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
6% masters +
DIVERSITY 91%
5%
black
other
AGE 16% < 10
9% 10-17
10% 18-24
14%
9% 25-34
10% 35-44
14% 45-54
18% 55-64
65+
WESTLAKE earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga westlake
AREA: 15.94 square miles POPULATION: 32,378 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 2.4% POVERTY: 5.4% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $83,434
SCORE: 3.69, low concern
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
2.1% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
36 23
24
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 90%
10%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 17%
26%
< high school
31%
21%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 86%
5%
black
other
AGE 11% < 10
10% 10-17
6% 11% 18-24
11% 25-34
13%
16% 35-44
23% 45-54
55-64
65+
WEST BOULEVARD earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland west boulevard
AREA: 1.53 square miles POPULATION: 16,024 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 7.9% POVERTY: 32.9% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $33,475
SCORE: -0.42, endangered
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-6.6% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
66
57 36
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 71%
29%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 23%
41%
< high school
28%
high school
some college
6%
bachelors
masters +
DIVERSITY 22%
44%
black
26%
white
hispanic
5%
asian
other
AGE 14% < 10
12% 10-17
12% 18-24
12% 25-34
14% 35-44
15% 45-54
11% 55-64
10% 65+
WOODLAND HILLS earth united states midwest ohio cuyahoga cleveland woodland hills
AREA: 1.19 square miles POPULATION: 8,564 people UNEMPLOYMENT: 15.7% POVERTY: 45.5% HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $19,864
SCORE: -3.83, extinct
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
-26.9% POPULATION CHANGE
POPULATION DENSITY
57
53
WALKABILITY
TRANSIT
48
BIKE
WHITE COLLAR vs BLUE COLLAR 79%
21%
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT 22%
39%
< high school
33%
high school
some college
bachelors
white
hispanic
asian
masters +
DIVERSITY 95% black
other
AGE 21% < 10
14% 10-17
9% 18-24
14% 25-34
8% 35-44
10% 45-54
11%
14% 55-64
65+
Chapter 3
NAME
HISTORY
PEOPLE
HOUSING
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
CULTURE
NEWS
HIGH
LOW
CLEVELAND
CUYAHOGA COUNTY
OHIO
UNITED STATES
Epilogue
K
18
19
L
20
21
M
22
23
17
24 25
16
26
N 27
14
28
13
29
12
30
11
31
H
10
I
J 15
32
O
G
9
33 34
F
8 7
35
E
6
36
5
37
38
39
4
3
2
1
D
C B
A
Functional Fictions The scenarios described in chapter three are fictional solutions to nonfictional conditions in the city of Cleveland. Fiction is a useful device in the assessment of situations and prompts the creation of a narrative. While narratives are an invaluable piece of the architectural process, their combination with fiction can often lead to speculative solutions that cannot be tested in the non-fictional realm. However, a fictional narrative based on data collected from true conditions presents the opportunity to return the proposed solutions to reality. By evaluating the scenarios through the data observations that inspired their creation, the success of each proposed solution may be tested. To accomplish this, a diagram was formulated to display the present condition of each case study by using the quartile points for each of the primary limiting factors. The endangerment levels are exhibited on the diagram by using their point thresholds for classification as coordinates along the range of scores shown on the primary factor lines. A case study’s condition may be observed through the connection of its respective points (in white) in relation to the levels presented on the diagram. For evaluation of how the fiction may affect the community, it must be tested on more than its primary limiting factors. Consequently, all data that was initially gathered for the area is included by wrapping the community’s matrix stripe around the diagram. Each neighborhood and suburb are represented by one stripe in the mosaic compositions of data in the previous section. The stripe is thirty nine squares wide, showing the area’s data in relation to Cleveland’s averages as explained in chapter one. A key listing all of the factors may be found on the next page. By including the primary and tertiary data to the diagram, a system for fairly evaluating the fictions may be implemented. The process for critiquing the fiction scenarios is partially subjective, but rooted in objective research components. To assess the success of a fiction, a thorough analysis of its implications in regard to the primary factors must be completed. Upon consideration of the solution’s effects to the primary factors, the quartile points may be adjusted on the diagram based on whether the scenario improves or declines the community’s score for each factor. After adjusting the points, one must then examine
how the change in the primary factors affect the tertiary components. This step in speculation must be done with the utmost scrutiny and objective mindset in order to properly evaluate the fiction’s viability when applied to reality. Following thorough examination of the primary factors’ effects on the tertiary elements, the coloring of the matrix stripe may be adjusted on the analytical conclusions. If the resulting diagram displays improvement, the quartile points will lie closer to the circle’s edge than the previous, and the matrix stripe will display squares of more similar colors. These changes represent enhancement of the community based on progress in the five limiting factors and improvement of the weakest tertiary factors. By increasing the score of the core data points and transforming the weakest components to the level of the community’s respective strengths, a fiction may be declared successful. If there is minimal change between the initial diagram of the community’s condition and the diagram resulting from the fiction’s analysis, the scenario is not a viable suggestion. However, a failed scenario creates the opportunity for reconsideration of the narrative. This may be done in many ways, such as including a primary factor that may have been overlooked in evaluation, reiteration of the same narrative, or creation of a new fictional solution for the community. For the study of endangered space and the narrative of the perspectival reality landscape, evaluation diagrams may be done for the present condition, the Above fiction, and the Below fiction for each case study. The resulting diagrams and new data mosaics may determine the viability of each scenario and whether they are successful in promoting progress for both perspectival solutions in their respective communities. This system of evaluation creates the opportunity for fictional narratives to be validated as useful assets in the reality of architecture. Although this method of analysis was created for the study of endangered space, similar assessment techniques may be invented to appraise other forms of narrative and their feasibility in reality. By expanding narrative past the bounds of fantastical application, it may become a recognized and powerful resource in both fictional and non-fictional circumstances, unlocking new opportunities for its use in the discipline of architecture.
A
B C
38
37
1
39
2
D
3
4 5
36
E
35
6
F
34
7
33
8
32
O
G 9 H
31
10
30 29
12
28
13
27 26
15 J
16 K
N
I
11 14
25
17
18
19
20 L
21
22
23
24
M
Data Categories:
Tertiary Factors:
A- Area B- Population C- Density D-Financials E-Walkability F-Transit score G-Bike score H-Average Household Size I-Employment J- Crime Rate K- Housing L-Schools M- Education Attainment N-Diversity O-Ages
1- Square Mileage 2-Current Population 3- Percent Change in Population 4-People per Square Mile 5-Poverty Rate 6-Median Household Income 7-Walkability 8-Transit Score 9-Bike Score 10- Average Household Size 11-Unemployment 12- Travel Time 13- White Collar 14- Blue Collar 15- Crime per Thousand People 16- Median Value 17-Median Rent 18-Percent Rented 19- Percent Owned 20- Public
21- Private 22- Masters and Beyond 23-Bachelor’s 24- Some college 25- High School 26- <High School 27-Black 28- Caucasian 29- Hispanic 30- Asian 31- Other 32-<10 33- 10-17 34- 18-24 35- 25-34 36- 35-44 37- 45-54 38- 55-64 39- 65 +
Endangered Space