World Fishing January/February 2024

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 l VOL 74 ISSUE 01

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Viewpoint 3 | Upfront 4 | Opinion 10 | Fishing Technology 38 | Aquaculture 41

NEW HORIZONS

SPECIAL REPORT By-product solutions – cutting waste and maximising value sponsored by Baader page 21

Aquaculture warms to the benefits of nanobubbles page 12

INSIGHT

Russia’s crab industry continues to thrive page 14

ANALYSIS

EU aquaculture ‘stagnating’ page 17

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The international fishing & aquaculture industry magazine EDITORIAL & CONTENT Editor: Jason Holland jholland@worldfishing.net News Reporter: Rebecca Strong rstrong@mercatormedia.com

VIEWPOINT

JASON HOLLAND | Editor | jholland@worldfishing.net

‘‘

There’s no limit to the practical, problemsolving uses for those seafood materials that we don’t directly consume

Regular Correspondents: Please contact our Correspondents at editor@worldfishing.net Tim Oliver, Bonnie Waycott, Vladislav Vorotnikov Quentin Bates, Terje Engø Eduardo Campos Lima, Eugene Gerden

100% fish – an aspiration for all

Production David Blake, Paul Dunnington production@mercatormedia.com

The start of the year is when a lot of us decide upon goals and ambitions for the 12 months ahead. At a personal level, these intentions traditionally involve learning something new, visiting special/far-flung destinations and completing bold physical challenges. Increasingly, though, our aspirations are of an environmentally-friendly nature, with vows to be more responsible for our day-to-day activities and to live more sustainably. It’s wellknown that one of the simplest and most impactful ways we can do this is to minimise the food waste that we generate.

It’s estimated that as much as 40% of the food produced globally for human consumption is lost or wasted. With households responsible for a very sizeable chunk of this, we can all make positive changes. But industry is also guilty, with titanic volumes of food disposed of during manufacture processes, and by the retail and hospitality sectors. Alongside edible food loss, there’s also wasted by-products – those parts of food raw materials that are not traditionally eaten. In both cases, the tendency is for these items to be discarded and sent for landfill. But this doesn’t have to be the case.

As highlighted by the latest edition of the WF special report, ‘ByProduct Solutions – Cutting Waste and Maximising Value’, there’s about 10 million tonnes of resources wasted annually from wildcapture fisheries alone. It also shows there’s probably no limit to the practical, problem-solving uses for those seafood materials that we don’t directly consume.

It’s been heartening to learn that the 100% fish/zero-waste mindset continues to spread, and my particularly thanks goes to the Iceland Ocean Cluster and the Great Lakes St Lawrence Governors & Premiers for sharing their strategies with us. Crucially, both showed the prioritisation of sustainability, environmental and social responsibility and best-practice is enabling various ventures to generate less waste and achieve more value.

But these insights also make it abundantly clear that much more widespread effort and endeavour is needed from the global seafood economy, and that many more companies up and down the value chain must start identifying the ways that they’re generating waste and then set impact-reducing targets. With that 100% fish mentality, they too can start eradicating operational inefficiencies and tapping into the benefits of by-products.

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JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 3

UPFRONT New rules that modernise the way fishing activities are controlled in the European Union have been introduced, covering EU vessels and non-EU vessels fishing in Union waters.

Many of the changes made relate to the improved monitoring of fishing activities and traceability of catches by making use of the best available technology and sanctioning those breaching the rules.

Having entered into force with effect from 9 January 2024, the revised EU Fisheries Control Regulation is intended to help prevent overfishing, create a more effective and harmonised fisheries control system and ensure a level playing field between different sea basins and fleets.

The regulation updates most of the rules for controlling fishing vessels to bring them in line with technological developments and make EU fishing more sustainable.

“The revised fisheries control system is the culmination of five years of negotiations. With it, we are significantly updating the way fishing activities are monitored, to ensure that our precious marine resources are better protected, and fisheries control rules are better enforced through the whole chain, from the net to the plate,” EU Commissioner for the Environment, Oceans and Fisheries Virginijus Sinkevičius said.

More harmonised According to the European Commission, the new provisions will ensure a more harmonised fisheries control system for EU fisheries and better preserve marine resources through a strengthened fight against illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU), and the transition to full digitalisation, new technologies and modern data management.

It advised that the control of fishing activities will be entirely digitalised – from the net to the plate – by gradually expanding the geo-localisation and electronic reporting to all fishing vessels, irrespective of their size, and mandating catch recording and reporting in certain recreational fisheries.

All fishing vessels will be

4 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

TIGHTER EU FISHERIES CONTROL RULES ENTER INTO FORCE

n In the coming months and years, the European Commission will adopt the necessary regulations to ensure a harmonised implementation of the new rules across the EU

tracked via a vessel tracking systems (VMS) and all catches will need to be recorded via electronic means, with userfriendly tools such as apps on mobile devices used to remove the burden for fishers.

For the first time, full digital traceability will be mandatory along the supply chain, enabling the authorities to more effectively tackle illegal fishing. The system will be mandatory for fresh, frozen fishery and aquaculture products and will gradually be expanded to processed fishery products, such as canned products, by providing more information on the origin to consumers. These rules will apply to all fishery products including imported ones.

The new EU control system rules also strengthen the compliance of the landing obligation (to make sure unwanted catches are not illegally discarded at sea, but brought to shore): they include obligations for remote electronic monitoring (with onboard cameras) for fishing vessels above 18 metres that

present a high risk of noncompliance with this obligation.

The new rules also include harmonised sanctions for breaching the rules of the common fisheries policy (CFP), in particular in the case of serious infringements.

Import changes For imported fishery products, the use of the IT tool CATCH will become compulsory. EU importers will need to use CATCH from 9 January 2026 to submit the catch certificates for the importation of fishery products in the EU market.

CATCH streamlines the catch certification process for fishery products entering the EU market and offers a fully digitalised and paperless workflow. It facilitates the exchange of data, information and documents between all involved trading parties and control authorities and therefore simplifies and speeds up the administrative procedures.

The Commission said CATCH makes it easier to identify and prohibit importation into the

EU of fishery products obtained from IUU fishing, thus improving the effectiveness of the EU IUU Regulation’s catch certification scheme.

While the regulation entered into force on 9 January 2024, there are transitional provisions to leave enough time for the EU’s fishing authorities and other relevant stakeholders to adapt to the new requirements. Most provisions of the amended regulation will apply in two years, from 10 January 2026. Derogations to the margin of tolerance apply in 6 months (from 9 July 2024).

Some provisions will apply only after four years (from 10 January 2028), as their implementation may require some preparatory work, such as the remote electronic monitoring, or electronic tracking and catch recording for small scale fleet.

Few other provisions will apply only after five years (from 10 January 2029), such as the ones on traceability for prepared and preserved fishery and aquaculture products or for algae.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

Spreading force

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UPFRONT

BRIEFS Cepesca names new president The Spanish Fisheries Confederation (Cepesca) has named Julio Morón Ayala as its new president. Marine biologist Morón replaces Juan Manuel Liria Franch, who has been in post since 2020.

Carsoe sells freezer arm Carsoe has sold its UKbased plate freezer business, Freezertech, to DSI Dantech. It will now focus on its core business of developing, manufacturing, distributing and servicing onboard seafood processing systems.

Samherji sets up innovation firm The founders of Samherji have set up a new company to drive innovation and create jobs in Iceland’s Eyjafjördur region. Chief Executive Thorsteinn Már Baldvinsson and Managing Director of Ships Operations Kristján Vilhelmsson have established Drift EA as the company celebrates its 40th anniversary.

Faroese salmon flies high Bakkafrost subsidiary FarCargo has taken receipt of its first aircraft to help ensure delivery of fresh salmon from its Faroe Island sites. The Boeing 757-200 has been repurposed to hold up to 230 cubic metres of refrigerated cargo.

6 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

BANGLADESH AQUACULTURE COUNTS THE COST OF CLIMATE CHANGE The staggering economic toll of climate change on Bangladesh’s producers has been revealed for the first time in a new study published in Climate Risk Management.

Research finds a staggering US$140 million in losses from 2011 to 2021, a figure that highlights the vulnerability of this key economic sector in Bangladesh to climate change.

“Our findings are not just numbers; they represent the livelihoods of thousands dependent on aquaculture,” said Dr Rumana Hossainn, WorldFish scientist and lead author on the research. ”The financial losses we’ve identified underscore the urgent need for investment in Climate Information Services which could be a gamechanger for our aquaculture industry.”

Resetting the balance The WorldFish Center and CGIAR backed study, “Economic valuation of climate induced losses to aquaculture for evaluating climate information services in Bangladesh”, further highlights the value of tools such as Climate Information Services (CIS).

n In the 10 years to 2021, Bangladesh faced an estimated loss of around $140 million for its hatcheries, open water fish and shrimp

It estimates that if CIS can offset even 10% of climate-induced damage to aquaculture, its value could be up to US$14 million a year to the industry.

CIS are services that provide targeted and timely information about climate patterns and trends in advance, helping aquatic food systems, policymakers and fisher and fish farmer communities make informed decisions to adapt to climate change.

To reach its finding, the study used an innovative

data analysis method, merging online newspaper data with government and satellite datasets to provide a comprehensive view of the climate-related losses faced by the aquaculture industry which could serve as a model for estimating the financial impact of climate change in other datascarce contexts.

Hossainn said that the studies findings emphasise CIS’s potential in not just mitigating risks but also in significantly contributing to the sector’s economic stability and growth.

WAYS OFFERED UP TO HARNESS INDIA’S MARINE WEALTH Centralised legislation is key to harnessing India’s marine wealth, says the country’s fisheries research institute.

The ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) has proposed a range of comprehensive policy suggestions, including regulation that applies beyond territorial waters and regular stock assessments, to promote sustainable practices.

“The government has to institutionalise a regular mechanism for the stock assessment of these resources,

as resource health status is going to be crucial in WTO subsidy negotiations and other national and international discourse,” CMFRI Director Dr A Gopalakrishnan said.

Other proposals include national guidelines for the eco-labelling of marine fishery resources to safeguard the livelihoods of smallscale fishers and the use of automated mechanisms for landing estimations and stock assessments, and tracking of vessels.

Research is also required to

assess and characterise deepsea and non-conventional fishery resources, Gopalakrishnan said, as is a way to oversee deepsea fishing with an emphasis on economic viability and regulatory compliance.

Also highlighted was a proposed strengthening of insurance to protect fishers, vessels and artificial reefs.

Finally, Gopalakrishnan underscored the potential of using mesopelagic organisms as a source for fishmeal, citing a possible 1.6 million tonnes of available resource per year.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

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UPFRONT

BRIEFS Thai Union to exit Red Lobster The board of directors at seafood giant Thai Union has announced the company’s intention to pursue an exit from its minority investment in US restaurant chain Red Lobster.

ASC expands species coverage Stewardship Council has launched its new pike-perch module. Consumption of the fish is on the rise, and with it has come increased European producer demand for certification.

Norbech sells to new owners Seafood processing equipment manufacturer Norbech has been sold to new owners after declaring bankruptcy in December 2023. The company will be relaunched under its original Uni-Food Technic name.

New fish feed oil approved The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has approved a genetically modified canola oil that can be used in salmon feeds. The move is a welcome boost for the industry, which has seen the global demand for feed ingredients containing marine omega-3 fatty acids exceed the current supply.

8 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

INTERNATIONAL FISHING SAFETY FUND LAUNCHED Support is now available to help reduce fishing accidents and fatalities in the global south.

The International Fund for Fishing Safety, which provides grants for safety initiatives, has opened its first open funding call, targeting areas most in need, particularly Asia which is home to 80% of fishers and some of the world’s most hazardous and unregulated working environments.

Applications to the fund will be managed by The Seafarers’ Charity with decisions made by a committee of industry experts.

“Research by The Seafarers’ Charity revealed that financial difficulties are endemic for many of those working in fishing and that is why we are funding a financial resilience programme with Commsave Credit Union, specifically tailored for people working in fishing in the UK,” explained Tina Barnes, impact director at The Seafarers’ Charity.

“We recognise that economic necessity can drive risk taking and unsafe practices and this

n The new fund will help improve safety for fishers in the global south is why we were pleased to be asked by Lloyds Register Foundation to manage this new international Fund.

“We are keen to fund projects that will raise safety standards and practices in fishing around the world.”

Daryl Attwood, Senior Programme Manager at Lloyd’s

Register Foundation, said that the new fund will help raise awareness of the plight of fishers around the world.

“In partnership with The Seafarers’ Charity and the FISH Platform, we’re confident that we can make a real difference to the lives of fishers across the developing world,” he said.

UK CREATES SCHEME TO TACKLE LABOUR ABUSES Europe’s first worker-driven scheme to help tackle labour abuses and exploitation at sea has launched.

Developed by Focus on Labour Exploitation (FLEX), the International Transport Workers Federation (ITF) and the Fair Food Programme (FFP), the Worker-driven Social Responsibility (WSR) programme is running as a two-year pilot in the UK after 12 months of planning.

Flex’s Chief Executive Lucila Granada called it a “groundbreaking model”, saying, “We are excited to be bringing it to the UK to help restructure the power imbalances that exist in

the fishing industry between worker and employer and in particular safeguard working conditions for migrant fishers.”

WSR is an effective model for tackling labour abuses with more than a decade of proven results in industries ranging from agriculture to textiles.

In the UK it will work with the Scottish White Fish Producers Association and others to address concerns such as the transit-visa “loophole” which leaves migrant workers unprotected on vessels outside of the 12 nautical mile limit.

ITF fisheries expert Chris Williams said that the Home

Office had made some changes to the laws around transit visas but needed to go further. “The change to skilled worker visas is a positive and necessary step,” he said, “but does not cover vessels fishing outside UK waters.”

“This pilot project gives migrant fishers a chance of greater protection, despite the continued use of seafarers’ transit visas to recruit them.”

With funding from Humanity United to run initially for two years, the pilot will be implemented in the northeast of Scotland, beginning with outreach work with migrant fishers and stakeholders in two key ports.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

UPFRONT

AI TECH NOT A ‘MAGIC BULLET’ FOR FOOD SAFETY While artificial intelligence (AI) will have a significant impact on the food industry, it is important not to treat it like a magic bullet. Instead, food safety protocols should be firmly in place before the benefits offered by AI can be reaped, insists global assurance partner LRQA Acknowledging that AI presents opportunities to improve the overall efficiency within global food supply chains, LRQA also maintains the industry needs to foster a culture in which food safety is emphasised at every part of the supply chain before new technologies can fully be leveraged.

“Technological advances have the potential to revolutionise the way we approach food safety. AI systems could enable large amounts of data to be analysed to identify patterns and generate insights, while blockchain, which is an unchangeable digital record of transactions, promotes transparency by monitoring the movement of food products through the supply chain,” LRQA Global Head of Food Centre of Excellence Jan Kranghand said.

“However, it’s important we put the foundations in place before we put all our faith in technology. Food is better than ever, but this cannot be taken Greenhouse gas emissions of the EU fishing fleet have fallen by more than a half in the past two decades.

A recent study by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) shows that emissions between 1990 and 2021 have reduced by 52% from 8.9 to 4.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent.

According to the study which looked at the challenges and opportunities facing the fishing sector in meeting its decarbonisation goals, fishing vessels represent just a small proportion of global CO2 emissions.

“The fishing industry’s

n Technology will have a role to play but a cultural framework is vital, maintains LRQA

for granted. The food industry must prioritise transparency, ensure it is collecting the right data, and focus on creating a food safety culture.”

With many food businesses operating with a traditional, science-based approach that addresses food safety on a compliance basis, Kranghand insists that organisations must first change the way they think before implementing technologies such as AI, blockchain and IoT (Internet of Things).

“Moving forward, this means evaluating processes and asking if current techniques are fit for purpose. Companies must understand what ‘best-in-class’ food safety is, with business leaders driving change from the top. Plus, by taking a step back to assess systems, processes, and procedures, gaps can

be identified to achieve a harmonised risk-based approach.”

LRQA notes that the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) defines culture as, “shared values, beliefs and norms that affect mindset and behaviour toward food safety in, across and throughout an organisation” and that its position paper, “A Culture of Food Safety”, clearly stipulates the importance of all employees having a basic overview of hazards so they recognise the responsibility that comes when working in an industry that delivers consumable goods.

“For an effective food safety culture, implementation requires employee engagement. It’s about clearly explaining not just what staff need to do, but why these protocols matter and what the

consequences of falling short are. Doing this helps gives teams ownership of food safety and ensures they feel more accountable for their actions,” Kranghand said.

LRQA advises that for organisations looking to implement or augment a strong culture, the Food Safety System Certification (FSSC 22000) – among other schemes – provides an excellent framework for action, whiles supply chain integrity programmes from independent assurance specialists, such as LRQA, can also guide organisations on how to create a strong food safety culture that balances compliance with a holistic approach.

Kranghand added that technology will have a role to play but a cultural framework is vital. “From a traceability perspective, a combination of technologies could provide end-to-end traceability, enabling consumers to verify the origin and quality of their food. If applied appropriately, they could also transform the risk analysis framework from reactive to proactive. And, when this comes together, auditors will be able to conduct a riskbased approach assessment rather than ‘ticking the boxes’ for scheme requirements. This added value will benefit us all.”

EU FISHING FLEET EMISSIONS HALVE IN 20 YEARS environmental footprint is almost negligible if compared with other sources of GHG emission,” commented Europêche Managing Director Daniel Voces. “This becomes even more evident considering that, based on figures declared by the European Commission, fisheries emissions from the EU constitute merely 3% of the reported 0.1-0.5% of global fisheries emissions.”

UNCTAD’s study also shows

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

that EU fisheries emissions decreased as a result of a 28% reduction in the fleet size of the EU between 2000 and 2020, together with green investments such as diesel electric engines, efficient refrigeration and propeller systems.

“The fishing sector is reaching environmental goals nearly six years ahead of the stipulated deadline, an achievement worthy of admiration,” Voces said. “This

accomplishment becomes even more noteworthy when contrasting it with neighbouring countries such as Norway, Iceland, or the UK, which are currently not aligning with this positive trend.”

To continue making gains, Europêche is urging the Commission to eliminate regulatory barriers such as fishing capacity constraints and to allocate sufficient funding.

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 9

OPINION

FISHING FOR ROOT CAUSES ON SAFETY INCIDENTS Fishing continues to be one of the most dangerous professions globally with thousands of fishers estimated to lose their lives every year. However, safety incidents remain significantly underreported, which assuredly masks the true extent of the problem, writes Peter Broadhurst, Inmarsat Maritime Senior Vice President of Safety and Security Distress calls from fishing vessels rose significantly in 2022, due, most likely, to ongoing safety concerns within the industry, Inmarsat’s The Future of Maritime Safety report for year shows. A total of 55 Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) calls were made by fishing vessels in 2022, up 21.45% from 39 incidents recorded during 2021.

With a fleet of 4.6 million fishing vessels of all sizes operating around the world, according to International Maritime Organization (IMO) fleet figures, this represented an increase of call rates from 0.14% to 0.2% in 2022.

Many of the safety issues experienced onboard fishing vessels are shared by the wider shipping industry which made 853 GMDSS distress calls that were registered on Inmarsat networks, up from 794 in 2021. Analysis by Inmarsat showed a distinct cluster of GMDSS distress calls were made along the sea banks of Portugal, Morocco and Western Sahara, with incidents occurring year-round. The report finding reinforces prevailing industry wisdom that vessel incidents are unlikely to be confined to specific periods of extreme weather and are in all probability the consequence of ongoing safety concerns within the industry.

By accounting for the third-highest number of distress calls by count and the second highest by rate during 2022, Morocco continues to belie its comparatively small flag status as it does not fall in the top 10 either by vessel numbers or by tonnage. This is likely due to the number of fishing vessels on the Moroccan registry, which also helps to explain the concentration of incidents along the country’s coast and in neighbouring fishing grounds.

It’s important to remember that the report’s analysis is based solely on Inmarsat SafetyNET services data derived, in the most part, from large commercial fishing vessels. This means it does not account for distress calls from the vast bulk of the global fishing fleet, which operates in Sea Areas A1 and A2 and therefore mainly uses VHF or mobile telephones to signal distress. Nevertheless, where SafetyNET does apply, the common ground between accidents and incidents reported in fishing and mainstream shipping year on year is clearly significant.

10 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

Human error With vessel stability, man-overboard, fire and machinery failure at the top of the list, lessons identified through lengthy accident investigations often point to human error and seldom appear to be learnt. Further, emphasis on human error can overlook fundamental flaws in safety culture. This points to systemic failure to implement mechanisms and solutions to manage known risks, the report argues.

During the Inmarsat Proactive Safety Roundtable – Regulatory Focus, in February 2023 in London, Heike Deggim, Director of Maritime Safety Division at the IMO, stressed that the issues were endemic throughout shipping and not just restricted to fishing. Deggim said that mandatory reporting requirements were not the problem. “We regularly issue documents listing what reporting is required and what has not been done, but it has no effect whatsoever,” she said.

She added that there’s often no data underlying proposals for regulations, so that they tend to reflect what is important to individual n Peter Broadhurst, Inmarsat Maritime Senior Vice President of Safety and Security

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

OPINION IMO member states. If a more systematic approach was in place, with statistics showing how accidents occur, a much more targeted would follow.

Raising standards The IMO is currently reviewing the STCW-F Convention (Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel), which deals with the training and qualifications of fishermen. These revisions, in tandem with promoting the ratification of the 2012 Cape Town Agreement (CTA), offer the potential to improve the safety of fishing vessels.

‘‘

Lessons identified through lengthy accident investigations often point to human error When in force, the CTA is expected to enhance safety standards on more than 64,000 fishing vessels, contribute to legal and sustainable fishing and prevent marine plastic pollution from abandoned fishing nets and other equipment. But it should be remembered that Morocco, for instance, is not a signatory to the CTA. There is little doubt, the report concludes, that the continued high incidence of distress calls from fishing vessels demonstrates the need for concerted action.

Shipping has the capability to understand the root causes of marine casualties and incidents through access to data, and the opportunity to then address them. However, it must find the collective will to do so.

Cooperation and collaboration, built on solid data and the collective desire to manage risk to the lowest practicable level, can improve safety standards and reduce the human, environmental and financial costs of fishing vessel casualties.

n Inmarsat’s The Future of Maritime Safety 2023 report

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NEWHORIZONS

Focusing on Fisheries Development

AQUACULTURE QUICKLY WARMING TO THE BENEFITS OF NANOBUBBLES Offering more productivity at less cost, the technology is a good fit for an industry that’s increasingly turning to more intensive systems, writes Jason Holland

In aquaculture, water quality is paramount. No matter the aquatic species being produced and the farming system that it’s occupying, from hatchery through to final growout, water quality is among the most determining factors when it comes to productivity, cost-effectiveness, yield and end-product value.

The water used in these systems face a constant barrage of challenges that are growing in number and magnitude, with climate change at the forefront. Fortunately, solutions are emerging, and one of the newest, most innovative means to address these threats is nanobubble technology.

Essentially, these systems increase water quality and dissolved oxygen levels, helping to increase treatment capacity and promote fish welfare.

Nanobubbles are around 2,500 times smaller than a grain of salt. They’re generated by injecting compressed oxygen into rapidly flowing water. Being very small in size means they behave differently from larger bubbles.

Amongst other things, it allows them to remain suspended in water for long periods of time until they dissolve. Not only does this make elevating oxygen levels more economical and provide important oxidative benefits, with the nanobubbles acting like solid particles, it offers the ability to clean the production systems being used – scouring biofilm from surfaces and enhancing particulate removal through natural coagulation and fractionation– making the environment more bio-secure and less stressful for the resident fish.

California-based Moleaer is one of a small handful of companies championing the technology’s introduction into the aquaculture space, with salmon farming as its main entry point into the industry. Just six years old, Moleaer already has more than 2,500 nanobubbles systems deployed globally, across a range of industries. It primarily

12 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

operates in North America, Mexico, Chile and Western Europe. And while aquaculture isn’t its largest business segment, it is its fastest growing, with some 167 easy to install and maintain aquaculture installations to-date, CEO Nick Dyner told WF. “At its heart, Moleaer is not an aquaculture company – per se. We’re a water environmental technology company, and we’re trying to help industries that use water in any capacity to be able to produce more with whatever they’re using that water for, or to treat it more cost-effectively and more sustainably,” Dyner said. “That’s usually rooted in how to help somebody either use less chemicals or to use less energy.

That’s how you get costs out, and that’s also how you do things more sustainably. Some 90% of the world’s water goes to food and industry, with 70% of that – the largest use of water – going to irrigation.”

n Moleaer’s new submersible nanobubble generator, Freyja

Changing up Moleaer’s nanobubble generators, which can be bought or rented, are capable of providing more than 85% oxygen transfer efficiency, which is regarded as the top rate in aeration and gas-to-liquid transfer. By comparison, standard systems offer around 3%. As such, fish farmers could significantly reduce the amount of oxygen they are buying. Additionally, having stable oxygen levels means they can potentially increase their stocking densities and be able to grow more fish cost-effectively. Mortality rates should also decline.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

NEW HORIZONS

These benefits, Dyner said, have caught the attention of the aquaculture industry.

“You’re getting lower oxygen costs, more stable amounts of oxygen, lower mortality rates and you’re going to see improvements in fish welfare,” he said. “These benefits can apply to every aspect of growing fish – from the spawning in the hatchery, to moving that fish – if it’s salmon – to sea cages, to the wellboats for treatments, right through to harvest. They are applicable across the entire lifespan of that salmon.”

Quick rewards As with anything related to water, the results seen will be dependent on the production systems that Moleaer’s solutions are going into, with variables including the type of farm that it is (for instance, RAS, pond or marine cage), how much water is being used, how the system has been designed, how many fish are being introduced, what species they are and what their oxygen requirement is.

Regardless, Dyner maintains it will take months rather than

‘‘

You’re getting lower oxygen costs, more stable amounts of oxygen, lower mortality rates and you’re going to see improvements in fish welfare Nick Dyner, Moleaer years to recover the investment, and that in the case of renting the solutions, savings will be made on day one.

He highlights that one hatchery in Chile experienced a 49% reduction in oxygen costs simply by replacing its industry standard oxygenation technology with an inline nanobubble generator. A return on investment was achieved within nine months. Meanwhile, a growout site in Canada that had a biomass of 160 tonnes reduced its oxygen use by 58% by replacing diffusers that had previously been operating at 156 litres per minute.

“The savings can be fairly significant,” he said. “Otherwise, technology like ours wouldn’t have been able to be so successful in such a conservative business.”

The rapid take-up by a growing number of installations has also been helped by it being a retrofittable product.

“You don’t have to wait for a new system to be to be developed to be able to use our product,” Dyner said.

Expansion plans Moleaer began looking in earnest at aquaculture about three years ago. It saw the industry had become interested in adopting new technologies, and so after a year or so of pilot/development work, it started to land some initial sales about 18 months ago.

With the decision taken to first focus on salmon, with the sector widely-recognised for being an early adopter of innovations, it opened an office in Norway 14 months ago and then Chile two months ago.

The goal is to become

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the leading and standard oxygenation technology for both geographies, Dyner said.

But interest from other species producers is gathering momentum. “It’s what we’d hoped we’d see,” he said.

“Investments are being made in other finfish and also RAS facilities, in particular, with ventures in Spain, Iceland, Switzerland and Florida approaching us because the want to evaluate our technology for similar purposes.

“And if you think about it, RAS companies – going from egg to smolt or all the way through to final product – are water treatment companies that are growing salmon.

They have to understand how to use that water and how to reuse it. That’s where Moleaer comes in: We look at all of the different grow-out stages and how our nanobubble technology can reduce oxygen costs and maintain a more stable level of oxygen to ensure the fish will survive from end-to-end. We’re also looking at how we can improve water quality, how our technology can enhance UV processes, and how it can reduce any other disinfection chemical use and costs.

“We look at the whole end-to-end solution holistically and not just the cost savings. Everyone loves cost savings, but what’s also important is how you create that peace of mind for the grower, and helping them achieve the lowest mortality etc.”

Moleaer will also soon launch a submersible nanobubble generator, called “Freyja” (named after the Norwegian goddess). Freyja is primarily being targeted for use in net pens and to ensure there’s sufficient oxygen supply given to fish when the site is challenged by algal blooms.

“It’s the best in class,” Dyner said.

“We’re really excited by it. It has the highest oxygen transfer rates of oxygen per kilowatt input in the market. It’s going to be an important technology for those growers that are affected – enabling them to lower their production costs and improve the welfare of their fish.”

n The Moleaer team unloading and preparing to launch a nanobubble generator

n Moleaer CEO Nick Dyner

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 13

INSIGHT

The future of fishing

RUSSIA’S CRAB INDUSTRY CONTINUES TO THRIVE

Photo Credit: Sergey Anashkevich/Kommersant

Despite Western sanctions and the country’s increased international isolation, investment in the sector remains high, writes Eugene Gerden

Russia typically produces around 100,000 tonnes of crab each year. This catch has always been one of the most profitable segments of the country’s fisheries sector, with volumes mainly oriented towards export markets. Prior to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, most of the Russian crab supply went to Western markets, primarily the European Union and the United States. Following the closure of these markets – brought by trade sanctions in response to Russia’s actions, a lot of these exports have been re-directed to Asia Pacific states.

The trade switch has allowed Russian crab producers to stay afloat and to keep their revenues largely on par with previous levels. Furthermore, following this successful transition, some of the leading players have announced investment plans, amounting to about RUB 224 billion (US$ 2.4 billion), that will mainly be used for a complete renewal of crab fishing fleet and the establishment of new processing infrastructure.

Russian Minister for the Development of the Far East and Arctic Alexey Chekunkov confirmed: “We are talking about almost a complete modernisation of the crab fishing

14 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

‘‘

We are talking about almost a complete modernisation of the crab fishing fleet and coastal infrastructure

n Catching crabs in the Russian Far East

Alexey Chekunkov, Russian Minister for the Development of the Far East and Arctic fleet and coastal infrastructure. And as a result, that will lead to an increase in availability of crab products in the domestic market and lower prices for them.”

The expectation is that in volume terms, the crab catch will remain at the current level for the time being, but this may be revised at a later date.

According to recent statements from Ilya Shestakov, head of the Russian Federal Agency of Fisheries (Rosrybolovstvo), Russia’s crab stock varies depending on the fishing zone, but the overall total allowable catch at present is estimated at about 105,000 tonnes.

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INSIGHT However, in recent years, actual catch volumes have declined. This, observers say, is mainly due to increased poaching activities in the Russian Far East.

Shestakov said there are plans to compensate for this decline by having fishing vessels start to target crab species that have not previously been caught on an industrial scale in Russia. Additionally, there will be increased catches of deepsea crab species, mainly the angulatus snow crab and red snow crab.

Lost markets Before the introduction of the sanctions against Russia, the US market would typically consume about 15,000 tonnes of Russian crab annually, primarily these would be products caught in the Northern basin. With the diversion of crab to Asia Pacific region (mainly frozen products), a lot of attention is being given to the prices being paid for these exports, with observers noting the price of Russian crab in the global market has been on a declining trend.

According to All-Russian Association of Fish Producers (VARPE) data, in the first-half of 2023, the price of frozen crab fell by 45%, to $12,650 per tonne, and prices for live crab in the same period were 10% lower at $34,508 per tonne.

Fish Union Director Alexander Fomin told Forbes Russia magazine that prior to 24 February 2024, Russia would sell crabs to the United States at a price of $40 per kg, but now, due to sanctions wars, producers are forced to sell them to third-countries at a lower price.

The products then go to the United States anyway, he said.

Asian opportunities Alongside the fleet investment plans, the Russian crab market is undergoing a process of transformation and consolidation. This will see most of rights for the crab catch distributed among the leading local players.

For example, the second stage of crab auctions in Russia – conducted in October 2023 and involving the distribution of 50% of the quotas – brought almost RUB 200 billion ($2.2 billion) to the state budget.

Among the large players acquiring the majority of quotas were the Russian Crab Group of Companies, as well

as the Antey Group of Companies and the DV Rybak Management Company and Sberbank.

According to Fomin, while the current situation may look difficult, crab remains one of Russia’s most profitable sea resources, with catches usually requiring low fishing costs when compared to the sales revenues generated.

He also highlighted that alongside catches that are processed and frozen and which can be stored for up to a year, there’s now significant live crab supplies going to both the Chinese and South Korean markets.

Meanwhile, Alexander Sapozhnikov, General Director of Russian Crab, one of Russia’s largest crab producers, told the Russian Vedomosti business paper that after the closure of the US market, an additional 60,000 tonnes of boiled and frozen crab entered the Chinese market, which previously went to the States and this was sold at a price of at least $20 per kg. Now it is priced at $8–8.50 per kg.

Sapozhnikov also insisted the re-exporting of Russian crab to the US market is impossible as the raw materials are traceable.

“The last Russian crab was exported to the United States in June 2022. There were enthusiasts who tried to break through this barrier, but no one succeeded. The US has a very clear tracking system and initiate criminal cases in case of illegal supplies,” Sapozhnikov said.

Consequently, there’s high hopes for increased sales of live crab to China across Russia’s crab sector. The sector saw prices hold steady in 2023 after the decreases of 2022 in both the live and frozen product categories, and at the time of writing, Russian live crab was still being sold toChina at around $24–25 per kg.

It’s also believed that Japan has more potential, with demand especially good for raw frozen crab.

As for domestic market, the demand for crab remains low, with the majority of customers provided by HoReCa channels in Moscow and St Petersburg.

Those local market needs are usually fully met by producers from the Northern Basin. n Russian

Photo Credit: Kamchatka Government

Minister for the Development of the Far East and Arctic Alexey Chekunkov

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JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 15

18 SEP Smárinn Kópavogur TO 2024 Iceland 20 We look forward to welcoming you in September The Icelandic Fisheries. Seafood & Aqua Exhibition hosts the latest developments from the industry showcasing new and innovative products and services, covering every aspect of the commercial fishing industry from catching and locating to processing and packaging, right through to marketing and distribution of the final product.

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ANALYSIS

AI AND SATELLITE TECH REVEALS TITANIC AT-SEA ACTIVITY GROWTH New study finds 75% of the world’s industrial fishing vessels are hidden from public view

Image Credit: Global Fishing Watch

n Global Map of

Using machine learning and satellite imagery to create the first global map of large vessel traffic and offshore infrastructure, a new study led by Global Fishing Watch has found a significant amount of activity that was previously dark to public monitoring systems.

Researchers from Global Fishing Watch, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Duke University, UC Santa Barbara and SkyTruth analysed 2 million gigabytes of satellite imagery spanning 2017-2021 to detect vessels and offshore infrastructure in coastal waters across six continents where more than three-quarters of industrial activity is concentrated.

Synthesising GPS data with five years of radar and optical imagery, the researchers were able to identify vessels that failed to broadcast their positions. Using machine learning, they then concluded which of those vessels were likely engaged in fishing activity.

“A new industrial revolution has been emerging in our seas undetected – until now,” Global Fishing Watch Director of Research and Innovation and co-lead author of the study David Kroodsma said. “On land, we have detailed maps of almost every road and building on the planet. In contrast, growth in our ocean has been largely hidden from public view. This study helps eliminate the blind spots and shed light on the breadth and intensity of human activity at sea.”

Unprecedented mapping Co-lead author and Global Fishing Watch Senior Machine Learning Engineer Fernando Paolo explained that historically, vessel activity has been poorly documented, which has limited the understanding of how the ocean is being used.

“By combining space technology with state-of-the-art machine learning, we mapped undisclosed industrial activity at sea on a scale never done before.”

Global Fishing Watch also noted that while not all boats are legally required to broadcast their position, vessels absent from public monitoring systems – often termed “dark fleets” – pose major challenges for protecting and managing natural resources. It said the researchers found numerous dark fishing vessels inside many marine protected areas, and

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Fishing Vessel Activity, 2017-2021: Data analysis reveals about 75% of the world’s industrial fishing vessels are not publicly tracked, with much of that fishing taking place around Africa and south Asia

a high concentration of vessels in many countries’ waters that previously showed little-to-no vessel activity by public monitoring systems.

“Publicly available data wrongly suggests that Asia and Europe have similar amounts of fishing within their borders, but our mapping reveals that Asia dominates – for every 10 fishing vessels we found on the water, seven were in Asia while only one was in Europe,” University of WisconsinMadison Assistant Professor of Natural Resource Economics Jennifer Raynor said. “By revealing dark vessels, we have created the most comprehensive public picture of global industrial fishing available.”

A free resource The study also shows how human activity in the ocean is changing. Coinciding with the Covid-19 pandemic, fishing activity dropped globally by about 12%, with an 8% decline in China and a 14% drop elsewhere. In contrast, transport and energy vessel activity remained stable.

Offshore energy development surged during the study period. Oil structures increased by 16%, while wind turbines more than doubled. By 2021, turbines outnumbered oil platforms. China’s offshore wind energy had the most striking growth, increasing ninefold from 2017 to 2021.

“The footprint of the Anthropocene is no longer limited to terra firma,” Duke University Professor of Marine Geospatial Ecology Patrick Halpin said. “Having a more complete view of ocean industrialisation allows us to see new growth in offshore wind, aquaculture and mining that is rapidly being added to established industrial fishing, shipping and oil and gas activities. Our work reveals that the global ocean is a busy, crowded and complex industrial workspace of the growing blue economy.”

According to the researchers, the open data and technology used in the study can help governments, researchers and civil society to identify hotspots of potentially illegal activity, determine where industrial fishing vessels may be encroaching on artisanal fishing grounds, or simply better understand vessel traffic in their waters.

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 17

ANALYSIS

EU AQUACULTURE ‘STAGNATING’ Production across the region has flatlined despite increasing financial support, writes Jason Holland Although the framework for promoting the sustainable development of aquaculture in EU member states has improved, the substantially increased funding has not yielded tangible results. In fact, production seems to be at a standstill, warns a special report published by the European Court of Auditors (ECA).

Expected to contribute to discussions impacting EU aquaculture policy, including the evaluation of the European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund (EMFAF) planned for 2024 and also a 2025 assessment of the progress made in implementing the EU strategic guidelines for aquaculture, ECA’s “EU Aquaculture Policy” report acknowledges that aquaculture is an important element of the EU’s Blue Economy strategy and a contributor to food security. It also notes that it’s promoted by the European Green Deal as a source of protein with a lower carbon footprint and that the sustainable development of the sector – in environmental, economic and social terms – is one of the main objectives of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP).

With €1.2 billion-worth of support allocated from the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) in the period 2014-2020 and €1 billion from its EMFAF successor for 2021-2027, the EU wants to secure the long-term environmental sustainability of aquaculture, and also to achieve economic, social and employment benefits.

“Aquaculture is an important element of the European blue economy and can be a sustainable source of protein with a lower carbon footprint,” said Nikolaos Milionis, the ECA member who led the audit. “While we saw some improvements in the EU strategic framework [in the 20142020 period]. However, despite the large increase in available funds, the sector has seen little growth.”

Furthermore, there’s a lack of reliable indicators to assess sustainability or the performance of EU funds, Milionis said.

Overfunded According to the report, the amount of funding allocated exclusively to aquaculture for 2014-2020 was more than three times the total €350 million spent in 2007-2013.

It attributes the increase in available funding in the later period to the European Commission and some member states having a stronger focus on aquaculture, as well as market demand and the pressure on wild fish stocks.

But Milionis said, “We would have expected quantified analysis demonstrating the need for such a large increase, but neither the Commission nor the member states have carried out such an analysis. This amount may have been more than was necessary.”

Indeed, the auditors say there’s reason to believe that too much EU money was put on the table as a large part of it has not been used, and member states may not be able to spend all available funding by 2023, which is the deadline for expenditure to be considered eligible.

ECA said a side-effect of this is that, in practice, with “not very strict” criteria used to select projects, EU

18 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

countries financed almost everything, irrespective of their expected contribution to the EU’s objectives for aquaculture, whereas a more targeted hook-and-line approach might have yielded a bigger catch.

Despite the €1.2 billion made available for 2014-2020, the auditors noted the overall EU aquaculture production has flatlined.

“It is stagnating,” Milionis said, adding that in Italy and France – two of the largest producers –– it has decreased, while the other member states evaluated only made “limited progress”.

Data-poor ECA said the socio-economic indicators also don’t look promising, with the number of aquaculture businesses engaged in production fluctuating at around the 15,000mark and declining, and employment in the sector falling from around 40,000 full-time-equivalents (FTEs) to around 35,000 FTEs between 2014 and 2020.

The audit also highlighted weaknesses in the monitoring system. Auditors were unable to find a single set of indicators allowing them to assess the environmental sustainability of the sector, despite this being one of the main objectives of EU policy. They also said the data currently reported on the achievements of EU funds is even more worrying – that it’s neither consistent nor reliable, with clearly overstated results, triple-counted values, and figures that fluctuate depending on the reporting system selected.

As a result, the auditors could not determine the EU funds’ contribution to the aquaculture sector’s environmental and social sustainability or to its competitiveness.

“While member states’ national plans were overall consistent with the Commission’s strategic guidelines, some key national strategies did not take aquaculture into account properly. In particular, they did not always address the potential environmental impacts of aquaculture and bottlenecks to its development,” Milionis said. “Almost 10 years after our previous report on aquaculture, and despite

n EU aquaculture amounted to 1.1 million tonnes, worth €3.6 billion in 2020

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ANALYSIS

some improvements, we continue to find that member states’ licensing and planning procedures are [hindering] growth.”

He added: “To know how green EU aquaculture really is, we need better data.”

According to ECA’s report, while aquaculture is one of the world’s fastest growing food sectors, EU aquaculture accounted for less than 1% of global aquaculture production, while imported seafood products – wildcaught and farmed – represented more than 60% of the region’s seafood supply.

In volume and value terms, EU aquaculture in 2020 amounted to 1.1 million tonnes, with this production worth €3.6 billion. In volume terms, the main species farmed in the EU were mussels (37% share), rainbow trout (17%), seabream (9%), oysters (9%), seabass (7%) and carp (7%).

The main producing countries were Spain, France, Greece and Italy.

ECA advised the main obstacles to growth continue to be the administrative burdens associated with aquaculture licensing, environmental opposition, and access to water – including conflicts of interest with some member states still not having adopted complete maritime spatial planning policies at the time of the audit.

Against this backdrop, the body is recommending the European Commission supports member states in addressing obstacles hindering the sustainable development of aquaculture; that it improves the targeting of EU funds; and enhances the monitoring of the performance of EU funding and of environmental sustainability.

n The main obstacles to EU growth continue are the administrative burdens associated with aquaculture licensing, environmental opposition and access to water

RABOBANK: SALMON TO BE MOST PROFITABLE AQUACULTURE SECTOR IN 2024 But the latest “Global Aquaculture Update 1H 2024” projects the shrimp industry is still struggling to stabilise amid oversupply, low prices and weak Chinese import demand In 2023, the shrimp farming industry faced one of the most challenging years for more than a decade. Weak demand in the west, combined with persistently strong supply from Ecuador, created price levels even lower than the lowest point in the pandemic (the second-half of 2020), while costs remained elevated due to high feed prices.

According to the report’s author Gorjan Nikolik, Senior Global Seafood Specialist at Rabobank, a normalising salmon supply and likely better fishmeal and fish oil production will soften prices in 2024, but only marginally, establishing a new higher price normal.

For shrimp, the current low prices may also become the “new normal”, he said.

“Without a supply reduction, prices will remain at low levels. A key concern is weakness in Chinese import demand. While Chinese demand may still be positive, high inventory levels and a slightly lower renminbi will dampen

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a shrimp price recovery.”

The report advises the salmon industry will again be the most profitable sector in the first-half of 2024, with high prices and marginally lower feed and biological costs supporting strong farmer profitability. However, biological challenges remain the main risk factor.

“Relative to the first half of 2023, supply will be boosted by likely better biological conditions in Norway, Canada, the UK, Faroe and Iceland,” Nikolik said.

“Chile, however, is a risk factor. Part of the lower supply expectation is due to legislation at the company level.

We could see further biological challenges induced

by El Niño.”

There’s also expected to be a much better fishmeal supply, with the effects of El Niño in Peru receding, although risks remain. Fishmeal demand remains good, but Rabobank suggest it is likely to be influenced by the lower prices of vegetable alternatives.

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 19

ANALYSIS

UK FISHERS HEAVILY IMPACTED BY OFFSHORE WIND FARMS Preliminary results from a new survey on the impacts of offshore wind farms on commercial fishing in the UK have found widespread drops in catch levels and profitability

n Eighty percent of the 43 wind farms that are currently operational or under construction in the UK are viewed as impacting fishing activity

While the United Kingdom is committed to significantly increasing its offshore renewable capacity by 2030 and beyond, it’s also felt that scientists currently have a poor understanding of the full socio-economic implications and conflicting pressures on marine space of the rapid expansion of offshore wind farms. As such, scientists at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) have been conducting a survey to capture responses from those in the industry.

The survey, launched in December 2023, aims to gather feedback from those working in commercial fishing in the UK, using data collected to help inform more effective and inclusive marine policies.

‘‘

Most fishermen state they have experienced financial and safety issues stemming from the construction and/or operation of offshore wind farms Dr Claire Szostek, Plymouth Marine Laboratory So far more than half of those fishers surveyed have cited a negative outcome on catches and profitability.

Responses have come from fishermen all around the country, on vessels ranging from six to 42 metres in length using multiple types of trawls, dredges, creels, pots, jigging machines, handlines, trammel and gillnets.

Half the respondents were fishing within six nautical miles and three-quarters fish over 12 nautical miles from shore.

“Eighty percent of the 43 wind farms that are currently operational or under construction are viewed as impacting fishing activity. The majority of fishers have had to use different fishing grounds due to wind farms, with a few choosing to change gear and one fisher leaving the industry as a result. So far, 57% of respondents have cited

20 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

a negative outcome on catches and profitability, and just one person has experienced a positive outcome on catches and profitability,” PML’s Dr Claire Szostek (project lead) said.

Spatial squeezing According to Szostek, the initial results indicate a significant increase in competition due to “spatial squeeze” from wind farms. This, she said, is likely due to the fact that many towed gears are unable to operate safely within turbine arrays and are therefore displaced to other grounds.

“Knock-on effects of this are having to steam further from home to fish as a result, with an impact on operating costs,” she said.

“Most fishermen state they have experienced financial and safety issues stemming from the construction and/ or operation of offshore wind farms. There may be some benefits for pot fishermen, as one person commented that the lobster fishing opportunities increased around turbines. This is currently being investigated by researchers at Aberystwyth.”

Of the proposed UK offshore wind farms, all are expected to impact fishermen in the future, according to survey responses so far. Szostek said that more than half of respondents would consider leaving the industry as a result of the new developments, with others using different fishing grounds, or potentially changing gear or taking up other employment to supplement income.

Spatial competition, fisher safety, catches and profitability will all likely be impacted, she said.

“Additional concerns highlighted by respondents include, seafloor cables, decommissioning, damage to the seabed, particular impacts on inshore fishermen, disproportionate coverage of scallop and whelk fishing grounds, impacts on commercial vessel traffic patterns, electromagnetic effects from cables and impacts on specific fisheries and/or locations. We will be contacting respondents who indicated they are happy for us to do so for more detail on these issues.”

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GUEST VIEWPOINT

Dr Thor Sigfusson & Dr Alexandra Leeper | Iceland Ocean Cluster

The 100% Fish initiative

‘‘

The scaling of 100% Fish in the next three years will be a significant step toward transforming the 10 million tonnes of fisheries waste

There are around 10 million tonnes of targeted wild capture fisheries that are wasted every year. This waste consists of cut-offs from processing, heads, frames, guts, skin and scales – which are often thrown back into the ocean where they interrupt marine food webs or they are thrown to landfill, where this organic material breaks down releasing methane.

As the global aquaculture sector increases, this too creates processing side streams that add to this wasted volume and cumulatively contribute to the global carbon footprint associated with food waste.

By creating value chains, functional businesses and products that sustainably and profitably use these wasted parts of the fish, not only does this reduce GHG emissions by providing incentive to save and use, it supports SDG 14 too.

The impact of the saved waste in Iceland has been huge – for Atlantic cod now 90% of every fish is utilised instead of wasted and significant value has been created: supporting win-win for environment and economy with a single fish once valued at $12 to one with potential value of $4,750 – with new socially beneficial products provided to the market – addressing UN SDG 12 as well.

n The 100% Fish initiative started in Iceland but is rapidly spreading throughout the world

A global challenge!

The Iceland Ocean Cluster (IOC) was established in 2011 with the aim to strengthen relations between different parts of the seafood industry; the classical ones like the fishermen and processors, and the “new“ seafood industry; start-ups and R&D taking the seafood industry to new heights. Early on, the full utilisation of seafood became the main emphasis of the IOC on a global scale. The reason was simple; 10 million tonnes of waste was rarely talked about in the global arena!

The initial impact of the 100% Fish movement has been seen in Iceland, where it originated – driving a complete change in the narrative around seafood – where side streams are no longer thought of as waste but as an economic and biological resource.

Atlantic cod has gone from a fish where only the fillet (45%) of the fish was considered the product and often poorly handled to a fish that is now utilised more than 90% (including the heads, skins, bones, guts, and cut-offs) to create a wide range of commercial products across sectors, e.g., food, feed, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, textiles, and even biomedical applications.

Initiatives in different regions 100% Fish is now being adapted to new countries and new seafood species. In the Great Lakes, US & Canada, 50% of the volume of commercial catch was going to landfill, contributing to GHG emissions – the 100% Fish initiative has provided support for a

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JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 23

GUEST VIEWPOINT

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regional initiative where business models have been created that have the potential to create value from 100% of the catch. In the next three years, these solutions will be implemented.

Comparable work is now being explored in Alaska for commercial fisheries where huge volumes of seafood are going to waste. Also, the Pacific Islands Ocean Cluster has about 60% of global tuna resources within its region. With support from 100% Fish initiative, it is starting to address waste, challenges and in the next three years, it will reduce waste and GHG emissions, retain and creating more value for the island and indigenous island populations.

The 100% Fish initiative is also supporting individual companies with large volumes of seafood waste, driving new value chain options that in the next three years could reduce waste in the shrimp, sardine and lumpfish sectors where much of the volume (4080% of animal).

The scaling of 100% Fish in the next three years will be a significant step toward transforming the 10 million tonnes of fisheries waste and supporting the COP28 declaration on the transformation of food systems and to SDG 12 and 14.

‘‘

100% Fish is more than a single project – the initiative itself has launched a global movement

More interest in zero-waste seafood The 100% Fish movement is expanding rapidly and drawing huge attention from the seafood industry, media and not least the start-up world. As mentioned before, 100% Fish projects all around the world are becoming more noticeable – projects are from the industry, policy and research sectors and they are all important steps towards full utilisation and zero waste.

100% Fish is more than a single project – the initiative itself has launched a global movement, that provides a recognisable and leading platform inspiring widespread change and providing a conduit to bring together industry, the entrepreneurial community, researchers and policy makers. Furthermore, 100% Fish brings together leaders all around the world and communicates and showcases the best examples all over the world.

While 100% Fish started in Iceland, it is now an international initiative that is enabling large scale economic and environmental benefits.

Targeting 1 million tonnes!

As 100% Fish reaches new audiences, and new seafood sectors these beneficial impacts is growing to a global scale and contributing to regional economies all over the world.

Over the next three years, the 100% Fish initiative will be engaging directly with key actors (industry, research, innovation and investors) all over the world in countries, and seafood sectors that currently waste 50% or more of their seafood harvest.

A number of these projects have already been identified or commenced (Namibia, Korea, Greenland, Pacific Islands etc), and the team is currently connecting with stakeholders globally to identify where there is volume, momentum and market opportunity for new value chains from seafood side streams.

The visibility of the 100% Fish initiative goes a step further. By sharing the opportunities for value creation in the seafood sector, 100% Fish also seeks to inspire grassroots actions of its own all over the world. Cumulatively, over the next three years, we aim to share the 100% Fish message even more widely and reduce waste from global seafood both directly and indirectly – targeting around 1 million tonnes of waste to be saved and re-routed into commercially viable products.

This will mean 1 million tonnes of seafood that is saved from being thrown to sea or being disposed to landfill, a volume that will stimulate job creation, innovation and the research community. This will support health of wild stocks and reduce methane emissions equivalent to this saved volume.

24 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

n More than 90% of every Icelandic cod is used to create a wide range of commercial products

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WASTE NOT, WANT NOT The Great Lakes St. Lawrence region is determined to optimise the value and utilisation of its commercial fishery, learns Jason Holland There’s growing global acceptance that many of the traditional and still current uses of commerciallyproduced fish only capture a small fraction of the full potential value and that continuing on this wasteful path is economically unviable and unsustainable. This mounting awareness is being met with a rising number of initiatives that are seeking to use much more of fish in a wide variety of new ways that extend well beyond food.

Recognising that a total fish utilisation strategy offers significant opportunities for North America’s Great Lakes St. Lawrence region, and that such a transition for its fish resources has the scope to drive greater economic returns, create jobs and further develop rural economies, the Great Lakes St. Lawrence Governors & Premiers (GSGP), a Chicago-based organisation that represents the Governors of the Great Lakes States and the Canadian Premiers of Ontario and Québec, and its partners, launched the 100% Great Lakes Fish initiative in September 2022.

The project has been supported with grants from the Great Lakes Fishery Trust , the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and the Ontario Commercial Fisheries’ Association.

100% Great Lakes Fish’s launch followed a few years of research and data gathering: In the Great Lakes commercial fishery, the project team saw a tremendously undervalued and underutilised asset. Taking particular inspiration from some of the ongoing efforts in Iceland, which has dramatically elevated the utilisation of its cod catch across food and nonfood consumer categories, GSGP is exploring the benefits that could stem from a similar approach with its own catches, starting with lake whitefish.

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By more fully using each fish and creating higher value products, we will create more jobs, grow our economy and improve the sustainability of our fishery David Naftzger, GSGP The primary goal of the initiative is to demonstrate a 100% fish model works for commercially-caught fish in the Great Lakes, GSGP Executive Director David Naftzger told WF. Highlighting that usually the 40% of a fish that’s fillet is consumed while the other 60% is discarded or used for lowvalue animal feed, Naftzger explained the project wants to identify new uses for that other 60%, such as protein and oil, collagen and leather, so that less is wasted of each commercially-caught fish from the Great Lakes.

“100% Fish holds great potential for the Great Lakes. By more fully using each fish and creating higher value products, we will create more jobs, grow our economy and improve the sustainability of our fishery,” he said.

Crucially, 100% Great Lakes Fish is the first project of its kind in the region – an area that includes eight US states, two Canadian provinces and five Great Lakes, which together make up the largest surface freshwater system in the world.

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Positive evaluations GSGP first learned of the 100% fish concept in 2017, after which a team then travelled to Iceland and the concept’s origins to learn more and see how it could be applied to the Great Lakes region.

It found that in the not-too-distant past, Iceland discarded around three-fifths of each cod – much like the current state of play in North America – but that today, with more than 90% being consumed or processed, the value generated by the products being made from each fish has increased from a level of US$12 to a remarkable $5,000.

In 2021, GSGP commissioned a report from the Iceland Ocean Cluster, which works across business sectors to maximise the beneficial use of the entire Icelandic cod. This report looked at the potential for a 100% fish approach to improve the management of silver and bighead carp which have been overwhelming the Illinois and Mississippi River systems in the Great Lakes states.

More recent work has focused on the commercial fishery in the Great Lakes themselves. In this regard, GSGP and its partners initially focused on lake whitefish, which has recently suffered a significant decline in stocks in many areas similar to the Icelandic cod decades ago.

As part of the work, GSGP shipped lake whitefish to leading fish research lab Matis, in Reykjavik, Iceland, to conduct biotechnical testing. This assessed the various component parts of the fish and then the Iceland Ocean Cluster evaluated the potential for these parts to be made into commercial products. They identified collagen from the skin and scales and fish leather from the skin among the most promising products.

n GSGP Executive Director David Naftzger presenting the 100% Great Lakes Fish initiative

First by-products Building on the success of the work with lake whitefish, GSGP expanded its focus to include all of the major commerciallycaught fish species from the Great Lakes, including walleye (pickerel), yellow perch, lake trout and others that are not typically targeted, such as White Sucker.

Again, Matis conducted biotechnical testing and the Iceland Ocean Cluster identified potential new products.

In this instance, they identified fishmeal and oil and protein hydrolysates as having high potential, along with those previously identified for lake whitefish.

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n Fish leather has been found to be the second toughest leather in the world

In the near term, the Iceland Ocean Cluster estimated that products that can be made from each walleye would double or triple the amount now generated by just the fillet, Naftzger said.

“GSGP is already working to identify and develop potential prototype products such as protein hydrolysates, which can be used as a food additive,” he said, adding that a larger number of high-value products will support longer-term valorisation in future years.

Already, in just over one year, the project has: • Expanded from just lake whitefish to four additional species • Created new prototype collagen from lake whitefish skin and scales and prototype fish leather from multiple species • Started the development of protein hydrolysates from walleye heads and frames, and commercial-scale fish leather from fish skins • Identified opportunities for fish companies to develop fishmeal, fish oil and collagen • Created a high-level template for a regional fish research centre where value-added products and equipment needed to produce them could be developed and tested

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We have generated significant awareness about the idea and kickstarted a regional conversation about what’s possible with fish parts.

Adding momentum With regards to the impact that its endeavours have so far had, GSGP announced the 100% Great Lakes Fish Pledge in October last year, inviting regional fish companies to sign on to its commitment to productively use 100% of each commercially-caught fish by 2025.

Twenty-one companies have now signed on and have begun working with one another, GSGP and partners to take advantage of existing opportunities to use more of each fish while pursuing longer-term development of high-value products such as fishmeal and oil, protein hydrolysates and collagen, Naftzger advised.

“It is a great testament to the interest and excitement surrounding this initiative – interest and excitement that will lend itself well to further growth. We expect that more companies will bring new ideas to this campaign,” he said.

“We have generated significant awareness about the idea and kickstarted a regional conversation about what’s possible with fish parts. For example, who knew that fish leather is the second toughest leather in the world?”

The innovation won’t end there. GSGP is already planning on further expanding 100% Great Lakes Fish to include more species. Amongst other projects, Matis will be conducting biotechnical testing of cisco (lake herring) from Lake Superior in early 2024.

Similar to previous testing on other species, Matis will assess its various component parts. This analysis will then inform an evaluation of the potential for these parts to be made into commercial products.

n 100% Great Lakes Fish is seeking new uses for fishery by-products such as protein and oil, collagen and leather

David Naftzger, GSGP Developing a regional fish research centre is a key challenge that GSGP is working to overcome, Naftzger said.

“A specialised facility is needed that can focus on Great Lakes fish,” he said. “Most facilities around the world focus mostly or even exclusively on ocean fish. Further, the fish industry in the Great Lakes is made up of many smaller producers and is not vertically-integrated. Therefore, unique value chains and bespoke business models will likely need to be developed to best capitalise on 100% fish. A regional centre could greatly accelerate progress by bringing together biotechnical and business expertise and connecting it to the Great Lakes fish industry.”

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GSGP is also exploring a value chain analysis for various 100% Great Lakes Fish products in order to identify potential economic and environmental benefits for the region. For example, how would commercial-scale fish leather be produced from a fisher to the fish processor to a tanner to a distributor to a retail outlet to a consumer?

It also plans to reach out to other sectors such as fashion, cosmetics, nutraceuticals and others to see where partnerships might be possible with various products.

A part of the analysis would include potential policy measures, investments, or other forms of support that may be needed from the Great Lakes States, Ontario, Québec or other governments to foster long-term growth, Naftzger said.

Having seen a “significant shift” in the mindset of companies in the region with regards to fish utilisation since the launch of the 100% Great Lakes Fish campaign, he said the concept of full utilisation now seems to be well respected.

“People often wonder why we hadn’t done it sooner.

There is growing awareness of near-term opportunities to use parts of commercial fish in products such as liquid fertiliser or animal feed. And, some companies are already involved with new products like fish leather. These represent major accomplishments given the traditional nature of the commercial fish industry and the fact that most fish processors still operate much like they did decades ago. The long-term vision for 100% Great Lakes Fish is a more diverse and sustainable commercial fishery that generates more economic value, employment and environmental benefit for our region. This initiative has accomplished a lot in its first year. GSGP and its partners are committed to long-term success,” Naftzger said.

n To-date, 21 companies have signed on to the 100% Great Lakes Fish Pledge, launched in October 2023

Besides its research partners in Iceland, the 100% Great Lakes Fish project team includes State and Provincial regulatory agencies (Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Ontario and Wisconsin); Tribes and Inter-Tribal Organisations (Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority; Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians; Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission; and Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians): a binational treaty agency (Great Lakes Fishery Commission); and industry leaders (Motor City Seafood; Ontario Commercial Fisheries’ Association).

THE ORIGINAL

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AN INNOVATIVE NEW USE FOR SHRIMP

Photo Credit: William Chen

Turning the shells of shrimp into chitin brings significant benefits, writes Bonnie Waycott

By-products have been drawing attention for their potential to increase sustainability in various sectors, such as the food, diet supplement, animal feed and cosmetics industries. Over the years, these industries have been working to prevent waste by establishing ways to utilise the by-products that they generate along the way. Often these by-products are recycled for lowvalue applications.

The use of by-products to maximise value has been a key focus for the seafood industry, including aquaculture and fisheries. One example of what might be considered a valuable by-product is shellfish waste. It is estimated that the seafood industry dumps around 6 to 8 million tonnes of this waste each year. Of this, 45-60% of shrimp, consisting of head, shell and tail portions, are discarded. But these have upcycling potential and could hold the key to creating higher value products, according to Professor William Chen at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.

“The rising affluence of Asia in recent years has pushed up the demand for seafood consumption and related seafood processing industries worldwide,” Chen told WF. “This has also increased the amount of by-products such as shells, which have been treated as general waste, thus adding a burden to environmental sustainability. In some countries, these have been recycled as animal feed, and while this creates a rough framework of a circular

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economy, the value it adds is low. But shell waste is key to producing some very important products, for example biodegradable plastics.”

Chen and his team have developed a microbial fermentation method to extract chitin from shrimp shells. In general, the composition of shrimp by-products like shells is 20-30% chitin, 20-40% protein, 30-60% minerals (mainly calcium), and 0-14% lipids (muscle residues and carotenoids).

n Professor William Chen and his team have developed a microbial fermentation method to extract chitin from shrimp shells

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Through our work, we want the processing industry to see the business opportunity Professor William Chen, Nanyang Technological University Now, the ever-increasing volume of these by-products is generating a particular interest in the extraction of chitin.

Scaling-up Chitin is the second-most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose. It has high commercial value in a wide range of applications such as drug delivery carriers, antibacterial agents and food stabilisers.

Chen and his team extract chitin from shrimp shells

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SPECIAL REPORT through de-proteinisation to remove proteins and demineralisation to remove the inorganic calcium carbonate on the shells. The chitin is then converted to chitosan to develop chitosan-based biodegradable packaging and clingfilm.

The team is currently scaling up in partnership with the food industry, including companies outside Singapore.

Chen said the innovation is cost-effective, does not generate secondary waste, and the extracted chitin is of higher quality compared to those extracted by harsh chemical treatment. Chemical treatment to remove proteins using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), for example, results in partial hydrolysis of the biopolymer, lowering its molecular weight. Meanwhile, the removal of minerals with hydrochloric acid (HCl) results in chitin with a high level of impurity content and polymer degradation.

“Chemical extraction methods are mainly based on strong alkaline or acidic solutions, which are costly and generate secondary waste solutions that are hazardous to the environment,” said Chen. “The quality of the extracted chitin is also suboptimal. Therefore, nature-based biological treatments such as ours are preferred to preserve chitin structure and reduce environmental pollution.

“In addition, the fermentation technology that we have developed is simpler in procedure, lower in energy consumption, and higher in quality of the extracted chitin as analysed for its high degree of deacetylation and molecular weight. We carefully select the microbes which are able to remove minerals and those which produce enzymes to remove proteins and lipids.”

Chitin and chitosan are renewable, biocompatible and biodegradable with non-toxic compounds that have many biomedical and food applications in addition to biodegradable packaging, Chen said. These may be anti-cancer drug delivery, antioxidant and anti-microbial (food preservation) applications, artificial skin or bone replacement materials. The extraction efficiency of chitin from shrimp shells is also higher, because the shell wall is thinner than that of lobsters or crabs.

For the seafood industry, by-products include more than just shells for chitin extraction, Chen said. There are also heads, tails, backbones, skin, scales and viscera from many other species. All of these can be upcycled for their high-value ingredients such as proteins and lipids. This is likely to reduce the generation of waste and add value to the circular economy.

“While we address the increasing amount of seafood products, there are other issues that we need to consider,” said Chen. “For example, processors can be unaware of the high value of chitin or the increasingly large volumes of waste that are being generated.

“Business owners may not be fully prepared for naturebased chitin extraction solutions or may lack the necessary logistics for waste collection. Through our work, we want the processing industry to see the business opportunity.

“Companies that generate the by-products may not need to venture into a new business of taking up upcycled products. Instead, they could consider partnering with those who are willing to take these upcycled products to create a value chain. In short, there should be a demand and supply value chain and everyone would benefit from the new opportunities.”

With Singapore being a small city state, Chen believes that it’s possible to develop test beds not just for upcycling innovations but also for value chain creation (integration of upcycled products into food production and other businesses) and the monitoring of supply chains (collection and distribution) using data analytics.

This could then be amplified in areas beyond Singapore and, more importantly, used to develop upcycling innovations and to commercialise other food processing by-products.

Going forward, Chen and his team will be focusing on other areas, namely integrating a fermented solution rich in macronutrients (from shrimp shells) and micronutrients (from the microbes used for fermentation) into the food value chain. They are now exploring the possibility of creating nutritious consumer products in partnership with Vietnam Food (VNF), a company that specialises in processing shrimp co-products to create value-added ingredients for various industries.

“We hope that this will trigger the imagination of Singapore’s seafood industry,” said Chen. “To see that waste is not waste, but a misplaced resource, and that innovations need not be high tech and costly.”

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n The chitin is converted to chitosan to make biodegradable packaging and clingfilm

Photo Credit: William Chen

Growing awareness Although the generation of by-products from food processing is common, their utilisation has been low and their disposal is currently a huge challenge for processing industries with their adverse impacts on the environment and associated risks to human health.

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UPCYCLING TO EXPAND THE FOOD MIX Norwegian researchers are working to develop new hybrid foods that combine plant-based proteins with fish by-products and other novel ingredients, writes Jason Holland

Wasted resources Asked about the main opportunities for the utilisation of this knowledge and technology, Oterhals pointed to the large quantities of fish by-products and by-catch that are currently wasted or thrown overboard by the fishing industry.

This, he said, is primarily due to a lack of technical solutions and economic incentives, noting that based on Norwegian statistics, as much as 144,000 tonnes of by-products are wasted, with 77,000 tonnes of this by industry trawlers.

“On a world basis, we are probably taking about millions of tonnes, and there is still a huge potential for value creation within the sector,” Oterhals said. “Introduction of the EU landing obligation aims to eliminate discards by encouraging fishers to fish more selectively and to avoid unwanted catches. Globally, it is estimated that between

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7 and 10 million tonnes of commercial fisheries catches are discarded annually. However, there is still no obligation to land by-products after processing of the fish onboard the fishing vessel.”

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Fish by-products are foodgrade after processing to the main edible products and should be treated as sidestreams with potential for valorisation into food products Åge Oterhals, Nofima Food-grade powder Otherhals’ professional career within the fish and aquaculture industry dates back to 1988, since when he’s had a special research interest in the utilisation and processing of by-products into feed and food-grade ingredients.

“The idea behind the HybridFoods project goes back 20 years when I investigated the use of food-grade fish powder in food formulations.

A research application at that time was not funded. However, the basic concept has matured during the years and based on last year’s increased interest in texturised plant proteins as meat replacers, was realised in a research project

n Nofima Senior Photo Credit: Helge Skodvin

Running for four years through to September 2025, a key research project is looking to develop healthy and nutritious foods through novel upcycling and extrusion technology. Called “HybridFoods”, the project is being funded by the Research Council of Norway and led by the Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (Nofima).

Nofima Senior Scientist and HybridFoods Project Manager Åge Oterhals told WF the project will develop technology for the formulation of a texturised intermediate product, including fish proteins.

“Further formulation of this to end-products/foods can be based on existing food concepts, ranging from burgers to different marinated products,” he said.

Oterhals explained that the main principle used in the project is based on high moisture extrusion.

After mixing fish powder with other plant-based ingredients, moisture is added to the mixture and it’s run through an extrusion process involving heating, kneading and formulation into a fibrous structure with the use of a cooling die. A PhD-student in the project focuses on this part of the research activity.

“We have already performed initial tests that confirm the possible technical formulation of a texturised product with the expected food-grade sensory and physical properties. The next steps will be to optimise extrusion conditions and study the influence of fish powder inclusion levels,” Oterhals said.

Texturisation is a method in which a dough is processed and kneaded in an extruder during heat treatment, before coming out through a cooling nozzle where a fibrous meat-like structure is formed.

Scientist and HybridFoods Project Manager Åge Oterhals

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funded by the Research Council of Norway at the end of 2021, that’s planned to run until the middle of 2025.”

Two other research projects Oterhals led laid the basis for HybridFoods, both on the utilisation of whitefish byproducts after processing of cod, haddock and saithe onboard industry trawlers.

“Depending on the type of main product, headed and gutted fish or skin and bone-free fillet, up to 65-67% of the fish ends up as by-product. Being food grade, this raw material can be processed into food-grade fish powder. We have in one of these projects – ‘Unlocking novel product possibilities and barriers for commercial utilisation of whitefish residual raw materials onboard factory trawlers’ (WHITEFISH) – developed a new process that significantly improves the sensory properties of a whitefish powder.

“However, development of a larger food market for such a product is still a challenge. The HybridFoods project aims to develop food formulation technology based on fish powder technology from the WHITEFISH project to expand such market possibilities,” he explained.

More effort required While there is a lot of interest in this type of product development, especially in Europe, for now, HybridFoods remains in the research phase for development of technology and food concepts.

“Commercialisation will depend on interest from industry and scaling of the technology,” Oterhals said.

This makes it hard to estimate when products could become available on the market, he added. As such, he expects it to still be some years away.

Returning to the “huge amounts of fish by-products and by-catch that is still wasted”, he believes that a lot more can be done to progress the zero waste/maximum value approach.

“Fish by-products are food-grade after processing to the main edible products and should be treated as sidestreams with potential for valorisation into food products.

Fish by-products contain high value proteins, minerals, vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids, and may significantly contribute to global food security if upcycled into the food chain,” he said.

n (From left) PhD student Liv Helene Sickel, Åge Oterhals, and fellow Senior Scientist Tor Andreas Samuelsen working on the HybridFoods project

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Join us in 2024 How to maximise return on investment from potentially discarded parts of the catch that can be turned into high value products for non-food sectors.

2022 Downloads still available including: • Keynote Address: Iceland’s Use of Captured Seafood By-Products Jonas R. Vidarsson, Director of division of value creation, Matís

• Keynote Address: What role may byproducts play in the future of marine ingredients?

Petter Johannessen, Director General, IFFO

• Innovative Technology unleashing fish waste value potential Wenche Uksnay, Cluster Manager, NCE Blue Legasea

• Co-Product Valorization – Towards an industrial Implementation of innovative Food Processing Concepts to achieve 100% Utilization Dennis Lohmann, Head of Technology Management, BAADER & Dr Pia Meinlschmidt, Product Manager Fish, Food Science & Technology, BAADER

• The Journey to 100% Utilisation Erla Ósk Pétursdóttir, Managing, Director, Marine Collagen ehf

• N-Atlantic pelagic fish oils originated from Herring and Mackerel - The new exciting Natural fish oil source in times shortage Snorri Hreggvi Osson, CEO, Margildi Please note: recordings of the sessions are also available

Innovation | Industry insight | Knowledge Sharing To make your purchase, or download the papers visit: icefishconference.com contact: +44 1329 825335 or email: info@icefishconference.com

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NEWBUILDS

CHRISTINA S CUTS A DASH

The latest in a new generation of pelagic vessels joined the Fraserburgh fleet last year, delivered to the Simpson family who have been engaged in pelagic fisheries for the last five decades

The lines of new Christina S FR-224 are unmistakeably those of the Karstensen yard in Skagen, which has in recent years delivered a series of highly advanced pelagic vessels to fishing owners around the North-West Atlantic, characterised by high capacity, super-efficient cooling systems and the most economic possible use of energy.

Alongside these ambitious targets in terms of efficiency and economy of operation, working and living conditions are fitted out to an exceptionally high standard. None of this comes cheap, and as with other Karstensen newbuilds, no expense has been spared in outfitting with the latest and most effective technology.

The 77-metre by 15.6-metre breadth Christina S is the yard’s own design, fine-tuned in collaboration with the customer, and is a dedicated pelagic trawler with a 2,350 cubic metre carrying capacity in its 11 RSW tanks, built to target herring, mackerel and blue whiting on much the same pattern as its predecessor. The previous Christina S was built in 2008 at the Fitjar Mek Verksted yard in Norway, and this 72-metre vessel is now fishing for its Icelandic owners as Margrét EA-710.

The Simpson family has a relationship with the Karstensen yard going back 30 years, with a number of their vessels have been regular callers in Skagen over

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the years for repairs and maintenance, but this is their first collaboration on a newbuild.

Ernie Simpson has headed the family business for the last five decades, taking command of his first new vessel

n Christina S is the latest new pelagic vessel to join the Scottish fleet

n Christina S has been built for the Simpson family in Fraserburgh

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NEWBUILDS in 1976 under tough circumstances. He has since taken a step back and the role of skipper and manager has been passed to his son Allan Simpson.

Proven power and propulsion The hull of the new vessel was fabricated and partially outfitted at the in Gdynia at the Karstensen Shipyard Poland, with a steel hull topped with aluminium wheelhouse, boat deck, funnel and masts. From there it was towed to Skagen for the later stages of outfitting.

The propulsion and power setup onboard Christina S is along similar lines to previous installations for Karstensen newbuilds, with the 7320kW Wärtsilä main engine providing the primary power source for both propulsion and the hydraulics – working on the principle that when full power is needed for the deck layout, there’s less demand for propulsive power.

This is an all-Wärtsilä installation, with the 12V31 main engine powering a 4200mm 4G1190 propeller via an SCV 100/2-PDC68 reduction gearbox with a Cummins AvK, 2800kW/3500kVA shaft generator run on a PTO. When the winch system is in use, the gearbox PTO is clutched in, and electrical power is supplied from the shaft alternator. During normal towing, the shaft alternator can be disengaged from switchboard, and the electrical power is supplied by either of the 940kWe Caterpillar C32 gensets. In addition, there’s a Scania DI09 harbour set.

The gensets are able to connect into main switchboard, controlled by the vessel’s DEIF Power-Management-System.

A bus-bar breaker is fitted in the main switchboard, allowing the Brunvoll FU-63 aft thruster to be fed off shaft alternator and the AR-63 retractable forward thrusters and the vessel’s hotel load from powered from the diesel generator sets. The electrical power system is fitted for sliding frequency (60-50 Hz), by means of frequency converters for 400/440V and for 230V. This allows the main engine and propeller revolutions to be reduced with up to 17%.

Christina S has a two-step gearbox providing fixed revolutions of 138 and 116rpm. On sea trials, this arrangement delivered speeds of 18.2 and 16.5 knots.

Comprehensive outfitting The deck equipment package comes from Killybegs company SeaQuest. The trawl winches are a pair of 91-tonne pull units, managed by a SeaQuest autotrawl unit, and there are two 110-tonne net drums in a waterfall configuration, aligned to the aft gate and hydraulicallyoperated guide pins, plus a 71-tonne topline winch, a 57-tonne tail-end winch and a netsounder winch mounted on the gallows top. The nine mooring winches and the anchor windlass are part of the SeaQuest package.

Christina S has a pair of 20-inch fish pumps, delivered with the associated hydraulic and fish hose reels. There’s a pair of fore deck cranes, as well as an aft net crane mounted to starboard over the trawl deck and a crane mounted on the aft gallows to deploy the fish pumps.

Catches are pumped onboard and pass through the separator before being routed to the selected RSW tanks. Johnson Controls supplied the twin 1506kW/1.295.000kCal/h RSW systems, and the vacuum system with two 4200-litre tanks is from C-Flow.

Accommodation has been completed by Maritime Montering and on main deck level this consists of three single and two twin cabins. There are four more single cabins and a sick bay in the superstructure, alongside the changing room and oilskin store, gym and steam room.

Six more cabins are located at boat deck level and the crew’s day room/lounge, cinema, mess room, galley with provision room and separate fridge/freezer rooms are all located within Christina S’s deckhouse.

The 360° visibility wheelhouse onboard Christina S is outfitted by the yard’s own team, and places three Nor-Sap

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wheelhouse chairs facing the array of screens comprising the Furuno Blue Bridge display, and within consoles placing key system controls within easy reach, in addition there is a control position aft, overlooking the trawl deck.

There are nine 55-inch, 14 32-inch and four 27-inch Hatteland screens placed around the wheelhouse for the array of electronics supplied by Furuno UK and Woodsons.

The key fishfinders are the Furuno sonars, a lowfrequency FSV-25, the medium-frequency FSV-85 and a high-frequency FSV-75, plus the trawl-mounted FS-70 sonar from Simrad. Sounders are a Simrad ES80, plus Furuno FCV-38, FSS3-BB and DFF-1 sets, the 3D set is an 80kHz WASSP unit and the current indicator is a Furuno CI68. A Scanmar installation with a package of sensors is used to monitor the trawl gear.

As well as the Furuno FMD-3200 ecdis, Christina S has a pair of MaxSea Time Zero plotters and an Olex 3D unit.

The radars, GPS and AIS are all Furuno equipment. The gyro compasses are a pair of Simrad RGC-80 units and the autopilot is an AP-70. GPS compasses are a JRC JLR-21 and a Furuno SC-70.

Furuno supplied the A3 area GMDSS installation and the VHFs, as well as the VR-7000 VDR. There are two Sailor 900 V-sat systems, and Sailor also supplied the satellite TV.

n SeaQuest provided the deck equipment systems, including net drums in a waterfall configuration

n Accommodation onboard Christina S is outfitted to a high standard

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NEWBUILDS

SHRIMP CATCHER BUILT TO POLAR CODE STANDARDS Owners of Atlantic Enterprise, delivered in late 2023 to the joint-venture between Canadian seafood group Clearwater and Danish fishing company Ocean Prawns, weren’t interested in half-measures when the design of the new vessel was finalised with naval architect Skipsteknisk

This isn’t the first time that the company and the designer have worked together, as Skipsteknisk also designed Ocean Tiger, built at the Søviknes yard in 1997 and the previous Atlantic Enterprise. Now fishing for Norwegian owners, this 2002 vessel broke new ground at the time when it was built at Aker Langsten, with a focus on economy and energy efficiency that was significantly ahead of its time.

With the new Atlantic Enterprise, the owners are again breaking new ground as this is the first fishing vessel to be built to comply with Polar Code requirements. These entail extremely strict water management, catalytic converters on all of the engines on board, and optimal energy utilisation. Minimal emissions to water and air are critical key factors. The option was also taken to build this ST-119 design vessel to the highest possible Ice Class.

Built at Tersan in Turkey and operating under the Canadian flag, Atlantic Enterprise has an overall length of 82.3 metres with an 18-metre beam and accommodation on board is for a crew of up to 35. Atlantic Enterprise is outfitted with four permanent magnet winches for towing triple-rig gear.

The new trawler made its delivery trip to Canada with chairman of the Ocean Prawns board Kristian Barslund Jensen among those onboard. He’s no newcomer to this with his many years of experience as skipper on fishing

36 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

grounds across the North Atlantic, and his long experience and that of the company have been integral to the design and development of the new trawler.

Fast onboard processing The build also incorporates plenty of new thinking in automation and robotics on its Carsoe factory deck, with production lines for shrimp and Greenland halibut, and the new thinking in robotic handling is designed to ensure swift processing and throughput, while eliminating heavy lifting and any hazardous operations on the factory deck.

The two-level 3,000-cubic-metre cargo hold is arranged for palletised storage of 1,900 tonnes of Greenland halibut or 1,200 tonnes of both cooked and uncooked shrimp, with catches frozen in a pair of highcapacity automated freezers.

“This trawler is outfitted with the latest equipment in every respect, from the factory deck to the freezers, fishing gear, winches and cranes,” Ocean Prawns CEO Daniel Barslund said.

“Throughout this process, we have worked closely with our suppliers, who have also seen this as an exciting and challenging task. We have allied ourselves with the best in the market in every aspect, with a strong focus on gentle fishing, increased efficiency and not least the quality, taste and freshness of the catch.”

n Atlantic Enterprise is the first fishing vessel operating in Arctic waters to be built to comply with Polar Code requirements

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

NEWBUILDS

THIRD NEW FACTORY TRAWLER FOR NERGÅRD

Nergård brought in Ålesund supplier Seaonics to deliver the electric deck machinery systems for all three trawlers, with four trawl winches to tow three trawls, in addition to the bank of sweepline winches at the head of the fulllength trawl deck and a suite of smaller deck winches, plus Seaonics deck cranes.

The company states that these winches offer a superior dynamic performance at all wire layers, and electric winch systems offer better shooting and hauling speeds, while also regenerating energy back to the SeaQ Energy Storage System when shooting away.

n The view from the wheelhouse over Sørkapp’s Seaonics winch control console

n Sørkapp is the third new factory trawler delivered

by Vard’s Brattvaag yard to Nergård Havfiske

Photo Credit: Vard

Built at the Vard Braila yard in Romania and completed at the shipbuilder’s Brattvaag yard, Sørkapp is a sophisticated modern factory trawler – and comes with a roughly NOK 500 million price tag.

It’s the latest in a trio of sophisticated factory trawlers designed to catch and process groundfish on board. The first, Senja, was delivered in early 2020 and was followed two years later by Breidtind. The fleet is completed by Sørkapp, and all three are built to Vard’s 8 02 design, developed by Vard Design in Ålesund.

This series of 80-metre, 17-metre beam factory trawlers Vard has been outfitted with the yard’s own catch handling systems that include live fish storage on board to keep catches in prime condition pre-processing, and ensilage tanks for storing offal and offcuts, ensuring that production is zero-waste.

Vard Electro has delivered a complete SeaQ package, which brings a high level of automation to the vessel’s management. The flexible SeaQ Integrated Bridget integrates maritime systems easily and intuitively, focusing on optimisation of the operator’s workstation with options to store preferred setups.

The SeaQ package includes SeaQ Micro Grid, SeaQ Energy Storage System, SeaQ Power Management System, SeaQ Integrated Automation System, and SeaQ Green Pilot systems. These provide a full performance overview for managing operations with the aim of power optimisation for reduced emissions.

Photo Credit: Seaonics

Vard delivered new factory trawler Sørkapp to Norwegian operator Nergård Havfiske at the end of 2023, ahead of deadline

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 37

FISHING TECHNOLOGY

NO MORE FREE LUNCH – ELIMINATING WHALE DEPREDATION A pod system for retrieving longline catches developed by engineer Omar Sørvik has been a key part of the fishing strategy of Norwegian-operated, Montevideo-registered longliner Ocean Azul from the outset of an ambitious venture focused on toothfish across various Southern Ocean fishing areas

This former trawler, built in 1987, had been through a chequered career before its acquisition by the Norwegian team behind operating company Pesquera Azul, which put it through a major refit that included lengthening by more than 12 metres and the aft section remodelled to incorporate a moonpool – and a reception bay at the stern for the Sago Extreme catch protection modules.

In some of the sub-Antarctic waters where Ocean Azul operates there’s a strong whale presence, especially around South Georgia and the Sandwich Islands, in the Prince Edwards Islands Exclusive Economic Zone (South Africa) and east of the Kerguelen Islands (Australia), where cetaceans have a taste for high-nutrition fatty fish such as toothfish.

In some instances, the rate of depredation as whales pluck fish from the lines as the gear is hauled is enough to make fishing uneconomic.

“With whales around, the chances of catching your quota are slim to none. In South Georgia, I’ve seen a pod of orcas eat 10 tonnes of toothfish in a day on the averages I was getting per line. I realise whales have to eat, but the population has been steadily increasing and this is easy pickings by an order of magnitude,” said New Zealander

38 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

Shane Jennings, who has more than 40 years experience running trawlers and longliners throughout the Southern hemisphere.

He explained that forfeiting so much catch means fishing vessels have to spend a lot more time at work to catch their full quota. That and having to steam extended distances to stay clear of whales results in much higher fuel consumption and costs, as well as higher emissions.

The common challenge is how to achieve quotas in the shortest possible time, while avoiding using sound or other distressing methods to discourage whales.

“We desperately need a sustainable solution, both to protect fish stocks – toothfish take around 15 years to reach adulthood – and to ensure the future of the longline industry,” said Jennings, who joined the crew of Ocean Azul in 2022.

This solution came in the shape of the Sago Extreme pods developed by Omar Sørvik. These lightweight aluminium cages are shot with the longline and the arrangement is such that the line is hauled through each cage. This gathers the catch inside, below the depths at which whales like to feed, and protecting the catch of toothfish as it is hauled to the surface through the danger zone.

n It’s five years since Ocean Azul emerged from a major conversion to longlining and headed for the Southern Ocean

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

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FISHING TECHNOLOGY Rapid handling Ocean Azul has a unique reception module built into the stern section, where the cages are retrieved and the catch routed from there to the handling deck to be processed and frozen. The cage has also delivered better catches under heavy weather conditions when under normal circumstances, fish would be likely to be lost off the line.

So far, it is the only fishing vessel anywhere equipped to use the technology, and it also operates as a conventional autoliner with its Fiskevegn setup when working grounds where there’s no danger of whale depredation.

Jennings initially expected the system would be time consuming to deploy, but was pleasantly surprised at how easy it is to set up and handle.

“All the Ocean Azul crew are well drilled in how it works. From the cage arriving in the pool to taking it off the line and deploying another one takes a matter of minutes,” he said, commenting that during last summer’s toothfish season in the Prince Edward Islands he supervised further live tests of catch cages – with some exceptional results.

‘‘

In South Georgia, I’ve seen a pod of orcas eat 10 tonnes of toothfish in a day on the averages I was getting per line Shane Jennings, Ocean Azul “We were the only vessel in the area and the killer whales were relentless. Using the Sago system, we had loads of fish coming up as opposed to just a bunch of worthless fish lips. It proves the technology really works. Now I can’t imagine working without it in areas swimming with whales.

You’d have to stay put all year long to achieve the same result,” he said.

Cost-saving There’s been a lot of interest in the technology from fishing authorities looking for ways to enhance the sustainability of the longline fleet – and with continuous improvement Pesquera Azul is confident it can achieve a near-100% catch rate.

“The technology saves time and money and will enable fishing again in waters with a lot of whales. Without it I suspect whale depredation could get worse and worse around the world,” he added, commenting the Ocean

Azul’s configuration helps, as having the reception bay in the stern made it easier to fit the gear needed to run the Sago system.

“It works just fine, and the vessel is very responsive. With eight years longlining for toothfish under my belt, I can definitely say the moonpool, Sago system, hook capacity, together with the Ocean Azul’s size, makes this state-ofthe-art for the industry,” he said.

“During the summer we experienced everything the southern Indian Ocean can throw at you. Endless storms and very tough seas – but in these conditions the ship is in its element. Because of its size and weight, it is extremely stable and provides a superior working platform. Even in 50-knot winds and five to six-metre waves, you can still put your coffee mug down without it tipping over. The spacious working area makes it a very safe for the crew with nonskid grating throughout, including in the moonpool room.”

Jennings grew up in a small crayfishing community an hour north of Christchurch on New Zealand’s South Island, where he started fishing on a crayfishing boat at 16 and gained his skipper’s ticket to run a crayfishing boat at just 18. Since then, he has worked all over the Southern Ocean.

“It’s demanding but at the same time very rewarding, not least when you work for a company like Pesquera Azul which is doing all it can to make the industry more sustainable,” he said.

“The accommodation has plenty of space in the cabins and communal areas, which is great for the crew to relax between shifts. I’ve worked on a lot of ships and Ocean Azul is one of the most modern and comfortable. That’s very important when you’re away from home for months.”

n Shane Jennings has more than 40 years experience running trawlers and longliners in the Southern hemsiphere

n The Sago Extreme modules used to collect the catch below the depths at which whales hunt has made fishing possible in some areas

40 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

AQUACULTURE

HAS THE STORM PASSED FOR RUSSIA’S FISH FARMERS?

Photo Credit: Pskov Government

Sweeping Western sanctions had the country’s aquaculture industry reeling last year, but businesses managed to overcome most of the immediately critical challenges and authorities now believe strong production growth could be achieved

n Broodstock It’s expected Russian aquaculture production exceeded 400,000 tonnes in 2023, Ilya Shestakov, head of the Russian federal agency for fisheries, Rosrybolovstvo, outlined during a recent press conference. While stakeholders say this will be an essential milestone reached, they note that far more importantly, the country’s fish farming sector has switched to a more industrial path.

The industry’s transition from extensive and semiintensive production methods towards modern industrial technologies has brought a significant increase in its production performance in recent years, and it’s anticipated more will follow, Rosrybolovstvo Deputy Head Vasily Sokolov advised.

Russian aquaculture output increased by an annual average of 20% in recent past years, Ilya Solodukhin, head of the customer department of the Russian agricultural bank Rosselhozbank, commented. For 2023, the growth was expected to be around 5%, but this doesn’t mean the industry’s growth trend is slowing down.

Rosselhozbank further estimates the aquaculture industry has an investment potential of RUB 60 to 70 billion (US$650 to 750 million) in the next few years, Solodukhin said.

Rosrybolovstvo has also reported that by 2030, Russian aquaculture production is set to reach 700,000 tonnes, with some observers insisting there are reasons to revise this forecast even further upwards.

This is all positive news for the industry, which in 2022 experienced huge turbulence as Western sanctions imposed in response to the Ukraine conflict barred the passage of a large portion of Western fish feeds and broodstock to the

market. These particular issues were eventually solved, with alternative suppliers found in countries like Turkey and China, and some importers helping farmers to continue working with certain European suppliers.

However, Solodukhin also warned that Russia’s heavy dependence on imported fish feed and broodstock remains a critical challenge for future growth.

remains a pressing issue for Russian fish farms

‘‘

In the current situation, it is necessary to expand and improve our own breeding base by building selection and genetic centres and increase the number of breeding plants and hatcheries Vasily Glushenko, Rosrybkhoz European feed imports keep farms afloat Russia currently produces around 110,000 tonnes of fish feed per year, but the demand on the domestic market is believed to be closer to 280,000 tonnes. By 2030, nine new factories are slated to commence operation across the country, some with financial support from Rosselhozbank, expanding production by roughly 220,000 tonnes, Solodukhin advised.

Already, the dependence on imported feed currently

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 41

AQUACULTURE stands at 68% against 78% last year, according to Lybov Savkina, General Director of Feedlot, a Moscow-based think tank. Savkina reckons that by the end of 2023/start of 2024, this trade balance could have changed further still, with existing factories expanding production and new capacities set to become operational.

In early 2022, Western sanctions nearly paralysed Russian feed imports from Europe, and several farms warned that unless the issue were solved, they would have to halt operations once they ran out of warehouse stocks.

According to official statistics, exports from the European Union gradually resumed in the second-half of 2023, saving the industry from collapse.

Despite Western sanctions, Norway remained the country’s leading fish feed supplier, accounting for nearly 39% of deliveries, Savkina said. Turkey also now plays a critical role in mitigating the deficit, ramping up supplies to Russia nearly fourfold last year and boosting its market share to 27%. Supplies also kept coming from other EU countries, including Germany which held on to an 8% share.

However, fish feed production requires high-quality fishmeal, the production of which is insufficient in the country, Savkina acknowledged. Russia also lacks a domestic supply of amino acids and produces very few feed vitamins and other additives that are critically important for fish feed production, she said.

Western sanctions also drastically changed the list of countries that Russia could source feed additives from. In previous years, the EU accounted for the lion’s share of supplies, but in 2023, more than 80% of additives come from China, estimated Feedlot.

n Russia has been embracing new aquaculture technologies

Photo Credit: Fisheries Forum

Booming salmon sector needs broodstock Nearly 80% of imported fish feed is destined for Russia’s Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farming, which market players consider to be the most promising sector for the future.

In the first-half of 2023, Russian salmon production stood at 95,000 tonnes. During the past five years, the country’s salmon industry has tripled in size, and this growth trend is

projected to kick into full gear in the foreseeable future.

“The fast growth is primarily attributed to the use of foreign technologies,” said Vasily Glushenko, Chairman of Rosrybkhoz, a prominent Russian fish industry organisation.

But unlike carp (Cyprinus carpio) production, which had dominated Russian aquaculture for decades, salmon farming requires substantial capital investments and large funds to keep operations running – not least in purchasing feed and broodstock. For this reason, only large companies in Russia are engaged in salmon production, Glushenko said.

“With today’s salmon production of 154,000 tonnes [per year] – 80 to 90 million fish eggs and juveniles are imported [by Russia] annually,” Glushenko said, estimating that the share of carp and herbivorous fish in the Russian broodstock production now stands at 30%, while trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at only 10%. Some segments have a stronger dependence on imports than others. For instance, smolt for growing Atlantic salmon and sea trout in Russia is fully imported from abroad.

“In the current situation, it is necessary to expand and improve our own breeding base by building selection and genetic centres and to increase the number of breeding plants and hatcheries,” Glushenko said, adding that achieving this would ensure the sector’s long-term growth.

But despite the Russian government showing its willingness to help potential investors, progress to-date in this field has only been moderate.

In early 2023, Akvaproduct, the company running the first Russian RAS salmon farm in Vologda, launched a salmon smolt-rearing unit. The hatchery was to be the first of its kind in Russia. Construction of the complex involving the RAS farm and hatchery started in 2019 but was reportedly delayed by sanctions.

Inarctica, the Russian largest fish farming company, is also building a smolt plant in Karelia Republic, with a capacity of 712 tonnes. In early 2023, the company was forced to sell three smolt plants that it owned in Norway to their management, citing “regular restrictions against the Russian business in Norway”.

42 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

AQUACULTURE

Gloomy economic context Weak demand for fish in the domestic market is another factor that Russian fish farmers must contend with. In 2022, the Russian per capita fish consumption amounted to 19.2 kg. This was 10% lower than in the previous year, according to state statistical service Rosstat.

Over the past decade, the consumption level has dropped by 30%, and in the next couple of years, it’s expected to fall by a further 5% to 7%, forecasts National Rating Agency, a government body monitoring the state of play on the domestic consumer market.

The Russian population’s purchasing power remains the key factor determining consumer behaviour. And in a December 2022 opinion poll, some 96% of surveyed consumers admitted they wanted to consume more fish but couldn’t because it was getting less affordable.

During an October 2023 government meeting, Russian President Vladimir Putin urged the government to step in and reverse this downward trend. He ordered authorities to consider putting together a comprehensive roadmap aimed at ramping up fish consumption.

In this context, Russian fish farmers should also be braced for tougher competition from the fisheries sector, particularly with authorities mulling new logistics subsidies for fish deliveries from the Far East, the country’s main catching region.

In the first-half of 2023, Russian fishermen saw a nearthreefold slump in net profit – to the lowest level since 2017, as Western sanctions barred the way for Russian goods to

Photo Credit: Fisheries Forum

With Russia also showing no signs of being able to mitigate its dependence on imported broodstock in the foreseeable future, farmers are now urging authorities to consider allocating additional state aid to the segment.

important markets. Consequently, several guild unions, including the Pollock and Crab Catchers’ Association, have called for authorities to help them redirect supplies to the domestic market.

Therefore, while Russian aquaculture has outperformed the grim forecasts made in 2022 when the first sanctions wreaked havoc on supply chains, its future production growth isn’t guaranteed, with many unpredictable factors able to potentially derail its progress.

n Russia is looking to produce a lot more of its own fish feeds

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Langerbruggekaai 15 9000 • Gent • Belgium Tel: +32 9 376 95 95 Fax: +32 9 376 95 96 info@cretel.com www.cretel.com Cretel is manufacturing in Belgium

SEAC FPM-400 Nobbing and Filleting machine now also with Automatic Feeder

SEAC AB Industrigatan 8 386 32 ISLAND OF ÖLAND SWEDEN +4648535200 +46704391454 info@seac.se

MARELEC Food Technologies designs and manufactures hightech portioning, weighing, grading and control systems for the fishing and food industry.

To advertise in the

World Fishing Directory contact

FISH SKINNERS FISH SCALERS VACUUM PACKAGING MACHINES INDUSTRIAL WASHING AND DRYING EQUIPMENT

Hannah Bolland on

www.marelec.com

Consult us and take advantage of our worldwide experience and expertise.

WORLDFISHING & AQUACULTURE Cretel Directory Dec 2020-Jan 2021.indd 1 27/11/2020 08:39

+44 1329 825335 www.worldfishing.net

Fortune Net_Directory Nov 2021 copy.indd 09/11/2021 1 10:25

SINCE 1952

Know-how in food processing!

To advertise in the

World Fishing Directory contact

Made in Germany

Hannah Bolland on

+44 1329 825335 www.worldfishing.net

| JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 Fortune46 Net_Directory Nov 2021 copy.indd 09/11/2021 1 10:25

·

For the latest news and analysis go to www.worldfishing.net

Trusted solutions for 40 years Advanced raw material usage

IRAS A/S Gammelby Mollevej 3 DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark Tel: +45 7611 4949 Email: iras@iras.dk Web: www.iras.dk IRAS is supplying the modern fishing and aquaculture industry with innovative solutions within: Pumping, Classification, Weighing, Ice handling, Storage, Transport and Distribution systems. IRAS offers single products or complete systems for raw material handling.

Based on decades of experience, IRAS KNOW HOW to handle fish

Injectors and Protein-Tec

Hydraulic Components

Tel:++86 631 5306208 Fax:++86 631 5306209 Cell/Whatsapp:++86 138 0631 1778

E-mail: ericdu@dnsnetting.com

Ice Plants for Fish and Seafood

www.fishingnetchina.com

Flake Ice & Plate Ice up to 100t / 24h Ice Storage with Automatic Rake System Systems for Ice Conveying and Weighing Built in a Container or on a Frame www.kti-plersch.com | info@kti-plersch.com

Fishing nets, aquaculture nets, agriculture nets, sports nets, all types of ropes and twines.

We have specialized in the development, construction, installation, service and maintenance of key components and technical solutions.

Forever Industries Co., Ltd. No.88, Di An Truong Tre St., Di An Town, Binh Duong, Vietnam Tel: (+84) 916 225 068 (+84) 251 378 9125 sales@forevernetco.com

REAL-SNOW AS Filipstadveien 15, 0250 Oslo, NORWAY Phone: +47 9687 4080 E-mail: post@real-snow.com

traust@traust.is www.traust.is

Tofthill Avenue, Midmill Business Park, Kintore, Aberdeenshire, AB51 0QP Tel: +44 1467 633 805

Fishing Net, Rope, Float, Crab Trap, Long Line Fishing.

Industrial Ice Making & Storage Systems

Sale: +354 516 3000

■ Brimmond

Serious Fishing Gear for Serious Fisherman

D&S Fishing Directory Dec20-Jan21.indd 1 24/11/2020 16:15

̣ Increases yield natural way ̣ Low pressure injection ̣ Adjustable injection levels ̣ Packing yield increase ̣ Increases yield natural way ̣ Protein in Protein ̣ Reduced drip ̣ Lower cook and chill loss ̣ No chemicals

At Brimmond we specialise in mechanical, hydraulic or electrical solutions. Our highly qualified engineers can design, manufacture, service and repair a vast range of equipment to meet any client’s needs.

Worldwide #1 in Ice Factories

Netting

Know­how

Ice & Refrigeration

TRAUST

Ice & Refrigeration

Fish Processing

PRODUCTS & SERVICES DIRECTORY

www.forevernetco.com

MARINE SOLUTIONS - Freezing and cooling systems, RSW cooling systems.

LAND BASED SOLUTIONS - Pelagic systems, Ground fish factories, Shrimp factories, Meat and Dairy systems.

WE PROVIDE • Energy savings • Environmental friendly solutions • Natural refrigerant’s www.frost.is | frost@frost.is

World’s leading supplier of Fishing nets (our globally trusted brands are SNG, Sapphire and Olivene), assembled trawls, Purse Seines, Aquaculture cages and anti-predator nets for aquaculture industry, ropes for the fishing, aquaculture and shipping industry. Our products are exported to over 60 countries globally.

Marine and industrial refrigeration specialists

Garware Technical Fibres Plot No 11, Block D-1, MIDC, Chinchwad, Pune, India

+44 (0) 1779 400590 office@ptguk.com www.ptguk.com

Web: www.garwarefibres.com Tel: (+91)2027990381 Contact: Vivek Kumar Email: vkumar@garwarefibres.com Mobile: +917767802806

WORLDFISHING & AQUACULTURE SINCE 1952

To advertise in the

World Fishing Directory

Tel: +34 981 705722 Email: tucal@tucal.es www.tucal.es

contact

Hannah Bolland on

+44 1329 825335 www.worldfishing.net

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Manufacturing plate freezers since 1989

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024 | 47 Tucal_ID_Feb 2021.indd 1

11/01/2021 13:11

Ropes & Net Coatings

Van Beelen N E T TING ROPES T WINES

Van Beelen Group bv P +31(0)255 560 560 E info@vanbeelengroup.nl IJmuiden, Netherlands vanbeelengroup.nl vb-ropes.com

REDES SALINAS S.A. Carretera de Catral, 30 03360 Callosa de Segura, Alicante, Spain Tel: 0034 965 310 408 Tel: 0034 965 310 354 Email: redessalinas@redessalinas.com www.redessalinas.com Contact: Srta. Carmen Salinas Manufacturer of special purse seining nets for tuna and horse mackerel, also trawl gear, ropes and twines

D12 ropes and D3/D16 nets with Dyneema®.

Enkalon® nylon netting and ropes with the highest strength in the industry.

High tenacity Supercatch polyester products, and HDPE in Powerblue and Powergreen.

Catch all the fish all the time!

Safety

We make what works for you.

AS Fiskenett is the only company in Norway to design, manufacture, maintain and repair commercial fishing nets for both offshore and coastal fishing fleets.

MARKUS LIFENET LTD Breidvangur 30 IS-220 Hafnarfjordur, Iceland Tel.Iceland: +354 5651375 Tel. UK: 01525 851234 Email: sales@markusnet.com Contact: Petur Th. Petursson

Contact Hugo Ulvatn, MD, to learn how we can help you.

Call: +47 48009504 Email: sales@fiskenett.no Info: www.fiskenett.no

Ship Design

We specialise in the development and manufacture of man overboard recovery systems suitable for all types of fishing vessels, such as the Markusnet and the Markus MOB Scramble-net/Cradle.

Available 24/7 SHIPYARD SERVICES FISHING GEAR TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT & SERVICES DESIGN & ENGINEERING GENERAL SUPPLIES PORT & FISH LANDING FACILITIES

Trawl Doors

Ship Yards

SERVICE POINT FOR THE NORTH SEA

Centrally located in the North Sea basin

Oliveira SÁ manufactures a full range of products for fishing applications: Steel Wire Ropes: Green Strand®, Super Yellow Fin®, Super Atlantic®, Zincal® Compact and several other constructions also with possibility of a plastic core impregnation.

Combination Ropes: we produce combination ropes, both in 4 and 6 strands.

Synthetic Ropes: Braided/Twisted and Double Braided ropes with recognized brands such as Astra Line®, Libra Line® and X Trema Line®.

23F-2, No.2 Chung Shang 2nd Road Kaohsiung City, Taiwan , Zip code: #806

Purse Seine Nets

OLIVEIRA SÁ

Rua do Outeiro, 906, 4470-150 Gemunde I Portugal Tel: +351 22 943 49 00 Fax: +351 22 943 49 49 Email: salvadorcastro@wireco.com Contact: Miguel Oliveira Sá / Salvador Castro

Steel Wire Ropes & Trawl Wire

NET MANUFACTURERS We are a professional fish net maker and provide assembly & design service for various nets.

We use Nylon, HDPE, PP, PE to make purse seine net, fish farming cage net for smolt, grower, growout, predator & anti-bird, trawl net, trap net, safety net, sports net, twine, float and steel wire.

The making of fish nets can be twisted, braided, super-knot knotless or raschell knotless, mono or multi-mono filaments.

Website: www.king-net.com.tw Email: sales@mail.king-net.com.tw Main phone No. +886 7 535 2939 Fax No. +886 7 535 2938

Thyborøn & Poly-Ice Trawldoors for all kinds of pelagic, semi-pelagic and demersal trawling with single, twin- and multipurpose rigging.

All doors are “Made in Denmark” according to customer demands and wishes.

8, Sydhalevej, DK-7680 Thyborøn, Denmark

mail@thyboron-trawldoor.dk www.trawldoor.dk

PEGUET & Cie 12 Rue Des Buchillons 74105 Annemasse, France Tel: +33 450 95 54 54 Fax: +33 450 92 22 06 E-mail: info@peguet.fr Website: www.peguet.fr Manufacture of Maillon Rapide® quick links for permanent connection in aeronautics, architecture, rigging equipment, industrial supplies, sailing, parachuting & paragliding, professional fishing, tramways facilities, climbing.

All product range self-certified.

YOUR PARTNER SINCE 1941

Trawl Doors

KING CHOU MARINE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Purse Seine Nets

Netting

PRODUCTS & SERVICES DIRECTORY

Estrada de Fortons 23 36812 Redondela (Pontevedra) Spain Tel: +34 986 20 33 12 E-mail: info@grupoeurored.com Website: www.grupoeurored.com Hi tech design and production of pelagic and bottom fishing trawl systems. Nets and deck material for tuna purse seiners, inshore fishing and longliners. Everything necessary for fishing activities: MORGERE trawl doors, COTESI nets, ropes, mooring, BRIDON cable, flotation, CROSBY GROUP naval hardware, longline material, etc.

Aquaculture integral supplies and installation of fish farming and Long Line production systems, OFFSHORE facilities.

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-we make fishing more profitable

VÓNIN LTD

Complete range of high efficient trawl doors for demersal fishing, “off the seabed” semi-pelagic fishing and pelagic fishing.

P.O. 19 FO-530 Fuglafjørõur P.O.Box Box 19 FO-530 Fuglafjørður Faroe Islands Faroe Islands Tel: +298 474 200 Tel: +298 +298 474 Fax: 474200 201 Fax: +298 474 201 Email: info@vonin.com E-mail: info@vonin.com Web: Web:www.vonin.com www.vonin.com Contact: Non Contact:Bogi Eystein Elttør

atlimarj@polardoors.com www.polardoors.com

Manufacturer of pelagic trawls, Vónin is a major supplier to the fishing fleet and semi-pelagic shrimpin trawls, aquaculture industrytrawls, with branches the Faroe various bottom trawls, purse and seine Islands, Greenland, Canada, Denmark Norway. nets, fish farming nets andsemi sorting Vónin manufactures pelagic trawls, pelagic grids.

Vónin is a major supplier to trawl, shrimp trawls, bottom trawls, sorting grids, the North Atlantic/Arctic fishingand fleet. crab pots, net cages, mooring systems net We have all accessories in stock. washing systems.

osprey n

WORLDFISHING & AQUACULTURE

Reykjavík, Iceland

The Fuel Efficient Trawl Door

SINCE 1952

To advertise in the

World Fishing Directory contact

Hannah Bolland on Tel: +33 (0) 2 99 56 14 36 trawldoor.morgere@morgere.fr www.morgere.com

48 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

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August 20th – 22nd • Trondheim Norway

Only a few available stands left.

Book yours today!

The entire fisheries industry gathers at Nor-Fishing – will you attend?

Read more here

Exhibitors and visitors from all over the world, representing our industry’s most innovative technology suppliers, gathers in Trondheim.

Join us at the industry’s most important meeting place!

Nor-Fishing Conference

August 19th

Don’t miss the

Exhibition

August 20 - 22 th

nd

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Seawork celebrates its 25th anniversary in 2024!

The 25th edition of Europe’s largest commercial marine and workboat exhibition, is a proven platform to build business networks.

Seawork delivers an international audience of visitors supported by our trusted partners.

Seawork is the meeting place for the commercial marine and workboat sector.

12,000m2 of undercover halls feature 400 exhibitors with over 70 vessels, floating plant and equipment on the quayside and pontoons.

11 JUNE Southampton 13 2024 United Kingdom TO

For more information visit: seawork.com contact: +44 1329 825 335 or email: info@seawork.com #Seawork Media partner

MARITIMEJOURNAL COMMERCIAL MARINE BUSINESS

Speed@Seawork on Monday 10 June in Cowes offers a sector specific event for fast vessels operating at high speed for security interventions and Search & Rescue.

Speed@Seawork Sea Trials & Conference The European Commercial Marine Awards (ECMAs) ceremony celebrates individuals and innovative companies on Tuesday 11 June.

The Conference programme, chaired by industry experts, helps visitors to keep up to date with the latest challenges and emerging opportunities.

The Careers & Training Day on Thursday 13 June 2024 delivers a programme focused on careers in the commercial marine industry.

WHAT IS BELOW SURFACE MUST BE ABOVE STANDARD. ®

GREEN PIN AQUACULTURE RANGE When you invest time to grow your fish, you want your cage farming system to stay secure. Even under extreme marine conditions. Your underwater cages and mooring system need shackles, chain and other mooring accessories that are below surface, but above standard. That is why the Green Pin® aquaculture range is the top choice for fish-farmers.

Find our full range on greenpin.com/aquaculture

keeps your feet warm and safe on the deck!

non-metallic toe cap

www.bekina-boots.com