The Classical Teacher - Summer 2012

Saving Western civilization one student at a time ...

Summer 2012

Memoria Press

Home of the CLASSICAL CORE CURRICULUM www.MemoriaPress.com

letter from the

Editor

by Martin Cothran

I have never been a fan of so-called “ success” books. You know the kind I mean: They

have titles like The Road to Riches, The Eleven Laws of Leadership, Seven Secret Strategies for Success. The titles promise to reveal some secret to you, the knowledge of which could change the course of your life.

The titles above are made up, of course, but there is one that is actually called The Leadership Secrets of Ghengis Khan. I have it on my bookshelf.

I couldn’t resist.

In 2004, Steven Covey wrote a book called The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. It has sold over 15 million copies and has undoubtedly made Covey a rich man. As success books go, it is not too bad. Unlike many such books (Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People comes to mind), Covey’s book is based on moral standards.

The skills it teaches are based on the idea that you can only be successful by becoming a better person.

Because of the book’s solid grounding in human nature and in reality, the skills it teaches actually work.

In classical education, there is a set of learning skills called the “liberal arts.” These too are based on reality, and because of this, what they teach actually works.

Traditionally, there were reckoned to be seven of them. They are a set of skills a student will use no matter what he or she does in life.

When we think of skills, we normally think of specialized capabilities that apply to one or another profession or avocation. There are carpenters who possess specific skills that only apply to carpentry, and musicians who possess skills that only pertain to music.

The liberal arts, however, are general (and generalizable) skills that apply to the intellectual endeavors of all free men.

Mortimer Adler, the late editor of the Encyclopedia Britannica, once said that though some people are scientists or accountants or truck drivers, everyone is a citizen, and everyone is a philosopher. Although most people are familiar with the idea that they are citizens, most people do not think of themselves as philosophers. But all Adler meant to say is

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that we are all thinkers—and that in order to acquit ourselves competently as citizens, we must be able to think well.

C. S. Lewis said something similar about theology—we are all theologians, either good ones or bad ones. Adler’s view of citizenry and philosophy was much the same: we can either do them well or badly, but we do not have the option of not doing them at all.

The seven liberal arts, as they were enumerated in the Middle Ages, consisted of two kinds of thinking skills. The first three, known as the “trivium,” were grammar, logic, and rhetoric. They were the qualitative and linguistic arts. They gave the student a facility with language. The last four, known as the “quadrivium,” were arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. These were quantitative and mathematical skills.

If a student mastered the three linguistic arts and the four mathematical arts, he was thought to possess the basic mental equipment to be able to think through the problems involved in ruling both his nation and himself.

There is a lot of talk in educational circles today about “critical thinking skills,” partly because we need gimmicks and buzzwords these days to convince people of what they need.

The liberal arts, which trace their origin to ancient times, and which were once highly valued by our schools, were the apparatus through which we taught students how to think.

We didn’t need a special course in “thinking skills.” That’s what education was.

But the expression “liberal arts” doesn’t have the same catchy sound as “critical thinking skills” seems to have for many people. So maybe we should come up with something with a little more pizzazz.

Let’s call them "The Seven Habits of Highly Educated People.”

www.MemoriaPress.com

THE CLASSICAL TEACHER

CONTENTS

Summer 2012

FEATURED ARTICLES 2 13 14 22 28 34 40

LOGIC & RHETORIC

Letter From the Editor by Martin Cothran What Is Liberal Education? by Mortimer Adler The Natural Method Is Not Natural by Cheryl Lowe 7 Habits of Highly Educated People by Martin Cothran What Are the Liberal Arts? by Sister Miriam Joseph Logic Is Human: Literature Is Angelic by Martin Cothran Why Christians Should Read the Pagan Classics

Curriculum Packages

4 8 24 42

Junior Kindergarten Curriculum Package New! Grammar School Curriculum Map (A Yearly Outlook) Memoria Press Curriculum Map Classical Core Supplement (Story of the World) New!

New!

Jr. Kindergarten - 6th Grade

Everything you need for one year + daily/weekly lesson plans!

PRIMARY YEARS Memoria Press Copybooks Alphabet Wall Charts (Available in cursive & manuscript) The Alphabet Book & The Numbers Book New! First Start Reading & Classical Phonics New American Cursive I, II, & III

Literature Study Guides Classical Composition New!

Grades 4-12

Prima Latina Grades 1-4 Latina Christiana Grades 3-6 First Form Latin Series Grades 5-12 Henle Latin Series Grades 8-12 Latin Supplements: Book of Roots, Latin Copybook Cursive, Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage, Latina Christiana Review Worksheets (NEW), Latin Grammar Wall Charts, Ludere Latine I & II, Roots of English, Lingua Angelica I-II, Lingua Biblica, and Prima Latina Copybook (NEW)

Greek Alphabet Book New! First Start French I & II

Astronomy New! Book of Insects New! What's That Bird? New! Publisher | Cheryl Lowe Editor | Martin Cothran Managing Editor | Tanya Charlton Copy Editor | Jennifer Farrior Graphic Designer | Karah Force

D’Aulaires’ Greek Myths Famous Men Series

38 38 38

The Trojan War The Iliad & the Odyssey Dorothy Mills Histories New!

38 38 39 39

The Aeneid Grades 8+ The Divine Comedy Grades 10+ Classical Studies Map: A year-by-year outlook Classical Studies Supplements: Ancient Civilization Wall Maps,

Grades 3-8 Grades 3-8

Rome, Greece, the Middle Ages, and Modern Times

Grades 6-8 Grades 7+ Grades 6+

Ancient World, Ancient Greeks, and Ancient Romans Beta!

Horatius at the Bridge, and Introduction to Classical Studies Guide

Grades 5+ Grades 5-8

Grades 3+

Christian Studies I-IV The City of God Beta!

Grades 3-8 Grades 10-12

AMERICAN / MODERN

Grades 1-7

SCIENCE 42 42 42

How to Read a Book

37 37

36 36

LATIN, GREEK, & FRENCH

12 47

Classical Rhetoric (Grades 9-12) Rhetoric Supplements: Aristotle's Rhetoric, Figures of Speech, and

CHRISTIAN STUDIES

LITERATURE & WRITING

16 17 18 20 21

Meets Jesus

CLASSICAL STUDIES

4

10 12

35 35

Traditional Logic I & II (Grades 7-12) Aristotle's Material Logic (Grades 9-12) Logic Supplements: Handbook of Christian Apologetics, Socrates

by Cheryl Lowe

CLASSICAL CORE CURRICULUM

4 4 5 6 7

33 33 33

43 43 43 43 43

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic 200 Questions About American History States & Capitals Artner Reader's Guide (American History) Geography New!

43

United States Review New!

Grades 5-8 Grades 5-8 Grades 3-6 Grades 3-8 Grades 4+

Middle East, North Africa, Europe

Grades 4+

OTHER 26 32 44 46 48

Memoria Press Online Academy Enroll Today!

Liberal Arts Supplements National Latin Exam (NLE) Awards Classical Latin School Association (CLSA) New! Homeschool Convention Calendar Come See Us!

ONLINE ACADEMY

Grades 4+ Grades 5+

MEMORIA PRESS 4603 Poplar Level Road Louisville, KY 40213

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© Copyright 2012 (all rights reserved)

ONLINE ACADEMY

www.memoriapress.com/onlineacademy

$140 Our highly acclaimed programs, based on years of research and experience, include all the books, materials, and core subjects you need to give your child the best education possible.

The Curriculum Manual contains complete daily lesson plans for a year. It also serves as a teacher's manual with tips and guidelines that will help your child become a thoughtful, discerning student.

What makes our primary curricula "classical"? We have assembled quality prose, poetry, illustrations, classical paintings, and classical music. We have also suggested a quality read-aloud book (sold separately) for you to read to your child each week. Our goal is to expose children to the beautiful and the good at an early age, so they will not be satisfied with less as they grow and mature in their education. In third grade, students actually begin classical history (p. 8), which they will study alongside Latin throughout their school years.

Another important component of the classical model is structure and repetition to ensure mastery in all subject areas.

Memoria Press has carefully chosen books that naturally follow these concepts.

It is never too early to begin classically educating your child.

We have been classically educating children for years. Now we want to help you give your child a quality education and a discerning mind, presented from a Christian perspective.

New

Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum $140

Jr. Kindergarten Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$45 $30

Jr. Kindergarten Consumable Set (for additional students) Jr. Kindergarten Lesson Plans for One Year (sample right)

• Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Memoria Press Alphabet Book (Books 1-2) • Memoria Press Numbers Book (Book 1) • Prayers for Children • Tomie dePaola's Mother Goose • Big Thoughts for Little People (Devotional) • Hailstones and Halibut Bones (Poetry) • Memoria Press Manuscript Wall Charts

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $340.00 Jr. Kindergarten Supplemental Read-Aloud Set

Individual Primary Programs Composition & Sketchbook $7.95

Memoria Press Copybooks

by Leigh Lowe & Cheryl Lowe $39.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95

(K-2nd Grades)

Copybook Set (Copybooks I-III) Copybook I (manuscript) Copybook II (manuscript) Copybook III (manuscript) Copybook Cursive (Copybook III in New American Cursive font)

These three-in-one wonders include memory passages, copybook exercises, and drawing pages. We have selected scripture from the King James Bible and classic children’s poems, such as those by Robert Louis Stevenson, which describe the world in charming detail. Our copybooks introduce basic strokes and margin/spacing guidelines, along with alphabet practice pages with traceable characters and instructions for difficult letters.

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Classical Core Curriculum Packages

For primary students who have gained skill and confidence in writing. Allows each student to write and illustrate compositions. Each writing page has a fullpage illustration box on the facing page.

Alphabet Wall Charts 11''x17'' $14.95 $14.95

Manuscript Wall Charts Cursive Wall Charts (New American Cursive font)

Visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet while young students learn to read and write or practice their cursive penmanship.

With beautiful letters, colors, and hand-drawn illustrations, they also make great educational posters for your home and/or classroom!

See p. 21 for Latin Copybooks: Prima Latina Copybook and Latin Copybook Cursive: Hymns and Prayers

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Everything you need for one year!

Sample pages from Jr. Kindergarten Daily Lesson Plans

Our new Jr. Kindergarten is the perfect program for students ready to begin a formal education but not quite ready for kindergarten. This gentle introduction to school will help students master writing all letters of the alphabet and numbers 1-10. They will also work on letter sounds and counting. Each week includes a read-aloud

selection providing practice in reading comprehension and vocabulary. Our curriculum guide gives you detailed lessons broken into 2 days a week for 34 weeks. This program is filled with extras such as calendar time, devotions, crafts, games, poetry, music, and more! Jr. Kindergarten is the perfect introduction to school for young students!

Individual Primary Programs Alphabet Book Beta!

Recommended for Ages 4-5

$30.00 (2 book set)*

Learning the alphabet is the critical first step in learning how to read. The Alphabet Book teaches letter recognition, letter formation, and pencil grip through repetition and tracing. Activities, created with the younger student in mind, make learning each letter simple and fun. Three-letter words, aided by beautiful illustrations, also provide a simple introduction to phonics. This book acts as a great supplement to any primary program or full-year preschool/ kindergarten program. *Presented in a two-book format.

Books I & II not sold separately.

1-877-862-1097

Numbers Book Beta!

Recommended for Jr. Kindergarten +

$30.00 (2 book set) $15.00 (Book 1)* $15.00 (Book 2)

Written by Leigh Lowe (author of Prima Latina), the Numbers Book is the perfect introduction to numbers, counting, and patterns. Lots of tracing practice also makes this book ideal for the slightly older student, who has already mastered counting, but still needs extra practice writing numbers. The activities (mazes, coloring, pattern recognition, connect the dots, and more!) are so much fun that your student won't be able to wait for the next lesson! *Book I used in MP Jr. Kindergarten.

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

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Classical Core Curriculum Packages

K - 2nd Grade

Reading $260 Book D Now Available!

New

First Start Reading

$39.95 Books A, B, C, & D + Teacher Guide

Phonics, Reading, and Printing by Cheryl Lowe (Recommended for Kindergarten)

Your children begin reading instantly as they progress through 4 simple student books and 34 phonetic stories. The Teacher Guide includes helpful assessments, tips, and more!

• consonants • short & long vowels • 57 common words • manuscript printing • artist-drawn coloring pictures • drawing pages for every letter

FSR is a balanced, age-appropriate approach to phonics and reading, with a serious focus on correct pencil grip and letter formation. Also, while many phonics programs today use the ladder approach (consonant-vowel blending), we prefer the more traditional (vowel-consonant) approach combined with word families. Mastery of short vowels is the sine qua non of phonics programs, but few programs provide adequate practice. *Note: Printing, an important pathway of the learning process, is an integral part of FSR. Some children, however, are reading-ready before their motor skills are developed enough for printing. If this is the case with your child, you may use FSR without the printing component.

Sample pages from FSR student workbook

Kindergarten Curriculum $260 $80 $30

Kindergarten Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) Kindergarten Consumable Books Set (for additional students) Kindergarten Lesson Plans for One Year

• Kindergarten Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Copybook I and Composition & Sketchbook • The Golden Children's Bible • Christian Liberty Nature Reader (Book K) • Animal Alphabet Coloring Book • First Start Reading: A, B, C, D & Teacher Guide • Classical Phonics • SRA Phonics 1 • Primary Phonics Readers (20 books total) • Rod & Staff Beginning Arithmetic 1: Student (Part 1), Teacher, & Blacklines • Counting With Numbers • Soft and White, Fun in the Sun, & Scamp and Tramp

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $295 $275

Kindergarten Read-Aloud Complete Set with Poetry Kindergarten Read-Aloud Set (Poetry not included)

Classical Phonics Classical Phonics

$14.95 A Child's Guide to Word Mastery (Recommended for Kindergarten - 2nd Grade)

Sample page from Classical Phonics

Classical Phonics consists of phonetically arranged word lists for students to practice their growing word recognition skills. In a word list there are no context clues, so the learner must rely on his mastery of letter sounds. For instance, if your child can pronounce each word in this list correctly – pot, pat, pit, put, pet – he knows his short vowel sounds, and you can move on to long vowels! If not, he needs more practice, and Classical Phonics is the most effective tool we know of to address the repetition that young ones need when learning to read. It can be used as a supplement to any phonics program and covers nearly all English phonograms and sounds taught through second grade.

Classical Phonics is your go-to resource for phonics practice and for building confident readers.

Classical Phonics is a teacher and student guide all in one. It provides thorough, concise phonics explanations at the bottom of most pages, giving you the background you need to teach phonics even if you never learned it yourself.

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Classical Core Curriculum Packages

www.MemoriaPress.com

"I couldn't be more THRILLED with it!!! ..." $370

$300

1st Grade Curriculum $300 $105 $200 $30

1st Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) 1st Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 1st Grade Continuing MP Student Set 1st Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• First Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Copybook II and Composition & Sketchbook • New American Cursive 1 • The Golden Children's Bible • Classical Phonics • SRA Phonics 2 • Rod & Staff Beginning Arithmetic 1: Student (Parts 1-2), Teacher, Blacklines • Storytime/More Storytime Treasures Study Guides & Teacher Key; Little Bear; Little Bear's Visit; Caps for Sale; Blueberries for Sal; Make Way for Ducklings; Billy and Blaze; Blaze and the Forest Fire; The Story About Ping; Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie; Stone Soup; The Little House; Miss Rumphius • A Little House Christmas Treasury; Christmas in the Big Woods; Winter on the Farm

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $305 $290

First Grade Read-Aloud Complete Set with Poetry First Grade Read-Aloud Set (Poetry not included)

2nd Grade Curriculum $370 $125 $315 $30

2nd Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) 2nd Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 2nd Grade Continuing MP Student Set 2nd Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• Second Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Prima Latina Set (student, teacher, workbook, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Copybook Cursive, Prima Latina Copybook, Composition & Sketchbook • New American Cursive 2 • The Golden Children's Bible • SRA Phonics 3 • Rod & Staff Math 2: Student (Units 1-5), Teacher, & Blacklines • Classical Phonics • Second Grade Literature: Study Guides, novels, and Teacher Key: Little House in the Big Woods; Mr. Popper's Penguins; The Courage of Sarah Noble; Tales From Beatrix Potter

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $305 $290

Second Grade Read-Aloud Complete Set with Poetry Second Read-Aloud Set (Poetry not included)

Individual Primary Programs New American Cursive

by Iris Hatfield

Some think computers have made cursive writing skills obsolete, but good handwriting and computers are not mutually exclusive. Should we stop teaching language arts because a child can now text message?

Before the early 1940s, virtually all children were taught cursive in the first grade. Research shows that when third graders begin writing cursive, they return to a first grade speed level.

By learning cursive earlier, students can focus more on other subjects once they reach the upper grades.

New American Cursive 1 $22.95 ea New American Cursive 2 (Scripture Verses) New American Cursive 2 (Quotes from

Famous Americans)

New American Cursive 3

(Scripture & Lessons on Manners)

NAC Startwrite CD

$29.95

Simple, clear, & effective! ✓ 8-page teaching guide ✓ 125 Instruction and exercise lessons ✓ Illustrations/Exercises for letter connections ✓ Journaling pages ✓ Practice includes Bible verses and quotes ✓ Simplified classic letter forms ✓ Focus on accuracy and legibility ✓ Natural right slant (easier for beginners & lefties) ✓ Takes only 15 min./day!

See p. 4 for New American Cursive Alphabet Wall Charts

1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

7

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

Grades 3-6

$400

$400

3rd Grade Curriculum

4th Grade Curriculum

$400

3rd Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$400

4th Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$150 $30

3rd Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 3rd Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

$150 $30

4th Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 4th Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• Third Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Latina Christiana I Complete Set

• Fourth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First Form Latin Complete Set

(student, teacher, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Third Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels

(student, teacher, workbook, quizzes, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Fourth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels

(Farmer Boy, Charlotte's Web, The Moffats)

(The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe; Heidi; Lassie Come-Home)

• D'Aulaires' Greek Myths set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Christian Studies I set (student, teacher) • New American Cursive 3 • States & Capitals set (student, teacher, Don't Know Much About the 50 States) • Astronomy set (student, teacher) • Rod & Staff Math 3 (student, teacher, blacklines, speed drills) • Rod & Staff Spelling 4 (student, teacher) • English Grammar for the Grammar Stage (student, teacher) • Poetry for the Grammar Stage (student, teacher) • The Best Christmas Pageant Ever

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program

• Famous Men of Rome set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Christian Studies II set (student, teacher) • Geography of the Middle East, Europe, and North Africa (text, workbook, key) • United States Review (student, teacher) • The Book of Insects set (student, teacher, reader, Peterson First Guide: Insects) • Rod & Staff Math 4 (student, teacher, drills, tests) • Rod & Staff Spelling 5 & English 4 (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • Classical Composition: The Fable Stage (student, teacher)

$19.95 Poetry for the Grammar Stage Beta!

New

(supplement for 4th grade; included in 3rd grade package)

$150.00 Third Grade Read-Aloud Novels (11 book set) $300.00 Third Grade Read-Aloud Picture Books (22 book set)

Christian

Literature

Latina Christiana I (p. 17)

Greek Myths (p. 37)

Christian Studies I (p. 36)

The Moffats Farmer Boy Charlotte's Web (p. 11)

First Form Latin (p. 18)

Famous Men of Rome (p. 37)

Christian Studies II (p. 36)

Lassie Come-Home Heidi The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (p. 11)

Famous Men of the Middle Ages (p. 37)

Christian Studies III (p. 36)

Adam of the Road Robin Hood King Arthur (p. 11)

Famous Men of Greece Trojan War Horatius at the Bridge (pp. 37-39)

Christian Studies IV (p. 36)

The Hobbit Anne of Green Gables The Bronze Bow Treasure Island (p. 11)

6th

5th

3rd

Classical

4th

Latin & Greek

8

Second Form Latin (p. 18) Greek Alphabet Book (p. 12)

Third Form Latin (p. 18)

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

www.MemoriaPress.com

Grade by grade curriculum map below! $425

$450

5th Grade Curriculum

6th Grade Curriculum

$425

5th Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$450

6th Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$150 $30

5th Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 5th Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

$150 $30

6th Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 6th Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• Fifth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First or Second Form Latin Complete Set

• Sixth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First, Second, or Third Form Latin Complete Set

(student, teacher, workbook, quizzes, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Fifth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels (King Arthur, Robin Hood, Adam of the Road)

• Famous Men of the Middle Ages set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Christian Studies III set (student, teacher) • Geography II (student, teacher) • Rod and Staff Arithmetic 5 (student, teacher, tests) • Rod and Staff Spelling 6 & English 5 (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • What's That Bird? (with Memoria Press Study Guide Set), Peterson Birds Coloring Book, Peterson First Guide: Birds, Exploring the History of Medicine (with Memoria Press Quizzes, Reviews, and Tests Guide) • Classical Composition: The Narrative Stage (student, teacher)

$17.95 Golden Children's Bible (supplement for 3rd-5th grades; included

in K-2nd grade packages; also sold on p. 36)

English

Spelling

(student, teacher, workbook, quizzes, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Sixth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels (Anne of Green Gables, Treasure Island, The Bronze Bow, The Hobbit)

• Famous Men of Greece set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Horatius at the Bridge • The Trojan War set (student, teacher, text) • Christian Studies IV set (student, teacher) • Rod and Staff Arithmetic 6 (student, teacher, tests, quizzes) • Rod and Staff Spelling 7 & English 6 (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • American Studies: The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Great Republic, 200 Questions About American History, Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

• Exploring the World of Biology, The Tree Book, Peterson First Guide: Trees • Classical Composition: The Chreia/Maxim Stage (student, teacher) See p. 42 for our new recommended summer supplemental reading: Story of the World, Volume 1: Summer before 4th grade Story of the World, Volume 2: Summer before 5th grade New Story of the World, Volume 3: Summer before 6th grade Story of the World, Volume 4: Summer before 7th grade

Writing

Modern

Math

Science

English Grammar for the Grammar Stage

Rod & Staff Spelling 4

English Grammar for the Grammar Stage

States & Capitals (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Math 3

Book of Astronomy (p. 46)

Rod & Staff English 4

Rod & Staff Spelling 5

Classical Composition: The Fable Stage (p. 12) Writing, Year 1

Geography: The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Math 4

Book of Insects (p. 46)

Rod & Staff English 5

Rod & Staff Spelling 6

Classical Composition: The Narrative Stage (p. 12) Writing, Year 2

Geography

Rod & Staff Math 5

What's That Bird?

The History of Medicine (p. 46)

Rod & Staff English 6

Rod & Staff Spelling 7

The Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Math 6

The Tree Book Exploring the World of Biology

1-877-862-1097

Classical Composition: The Chreia/Maxim Stage (p. 12)

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

9

Literature First Grade $14.95 StoryTime Treasures

Student Guide

$14.95 More StoryTime Treasures

Student Guide

$10.00 Teacher Key

StoryTime Treasures Set

$40.00

More StoryTime Treasures Set

Student Guide $14.95 Blueberries for Sal $7.99 Little Bear $3.95 Make Way For Ducklings $7.99 Little Bear's Visit $3.95 Caps for Sale $6.99

Student Guide $14.95 Miss Rumphius $7.99 Billy and Blaze $5.99 The Little House $6.95

$52.00

The Story About Ping $3.99 Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie $6.95 Stone Soup $6.99 Blaze and the Forest Fire $5.99

Second Grade $55.00 Literature Guide Set

Student Guides: The Courage of Sarah Noble, Little House in the Big Woods, Tales From Beatrix Potter, Mr. Popper's Penguins, and Teacher Key

$99.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Key, & Novels

The Courage of Sarah Noble

Little House in the Big Woods

Tales from Beatrix Potter

Mr. Popper's Penguins

2nd Grade Lit. Teacher Key

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $4.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $6.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Stories (ea.) $6.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $6.99

$12.95

developing superior readers Reading requires an active, discriminating mind that is challenged to think, compare, and contrast. Students who have been challenged by good literature will develop into superior readers and will never be satisfied with poor-quality books. Each novel has been carefully selected to nourish your child's reading skills. The study guides focus on vocabulary, spelling, comprehension, and composition skills, which train students to become active readers.

Each lesson includes a word study to help students build vocabulary. The comprehension questions challenge students to consider what they have read, identify the important content of each story, and compose clear, concise answers (a difficult skill at any age). Writing is thinking, and good questioning stimulates the child to think and write. Each lesson also includes fun enrichment activities such as composition, map work, research, drawing, and much more!

Sample pages from Farmer Boy (Grade 3)

Quotations Almanzo was a little soldier in this great battle. From dawn to dark he worked, from dark to dawn he slept, then he was up again and working.

But Almanzo had never planted corn before. He did not handle the hoe so well. He had to trot two steps where Royal or Father took one...But he knew he would plant corn as fast as anybody, when his legs were longer. harrow

Discussion Questions

dinner-horn

a simple wind instrument used to call field workers home for a meal

seed corn

kernels of corn used for planting

1. The third paragraph of this chapter describes the work horses. Explain the phrase “wise, sober mares”.

2. The first quote above describes Almanzo as a soldier in a battle. What was the battle, and in what way was he like a soldier in this battle?

3. Describe how the potatoes were planted.

Reading Notes a farm machine with sharp teeth used to break up and level plowed ground; it is also used as a verb to describe the process of preparing the soil for planting

Vocabulary

1. ...the sun was rising beyond the dewy meadows... __________________________________________ 2. They dribbled the carrot seeds into the furrows... ___________________________________________

Composition

3. All the soil must be made mellow and fine and smooth. ______________________________________

4. “Hustle along there, son...” _______________________________________________________________ Reread the last paragraph on page 128 beginning “The seeds were too small ...”. In three to five Almanzo...went sentences, retell the story of the lazy boy in your own words. Be sure to include the 5. consequence of up and down the long field, straddling the little furrows. _______________________ his actions. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Sample pages from StoryTime Treasures

Comprehension Questions

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. The experienced work horses knew exactly what to do in the fields. Why would Almanzo have ___________________________________________________________________________________________ enjoyed driving them more if this weren’t the case? __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why did the farmers have to hurry to plant their good seeds?_________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What were the three fields of grain Father sowed? What were they used for? ___________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Explain the connection between ash leaves, squirrel ears, and corn planting. ___________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 11: Springtime

29

28

10

Literature

Lesson 11: Springtime

www.MemoriaPress.com

*Included in curriculum packages! (pp. 8-9) Third Grade $69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: Farmer Boy, Charlotte's Web, The Moffats

$93.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

Farmer Boy

(Third Grade sets above do not include Homer Price)

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Charlotte's Web $11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

The Moffats $11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $6.95

Fourth Grade

Homer Price Beta

$69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Student & Teacher Guides: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe; Heidi; Lassie Come-Home

$11.95 $12.95 $5.99

$94.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

The Lion, the Witch ...

Heidi

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Lassie Come-Home $11.95 $12.95 $4.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $6.99

Fifth Grade $69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table, Robin Hood, Adam of the Road

$85.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

King Arthur Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Robin Hood $11.95 $12.95 $4.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Adam of the Road $11.95 $12.95 $4.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $6.99

Sixth Grade $95.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: Anne of Green Gables, Treasure Island, The Bronze Bow, The Hobbit

$129.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

Seventh Grade

Anne of Green Gables

Treasure Island

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

The Bronze Bow $11.95 $12.95 $9.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

The Hobbit $11.95 $12.95 $6.95

New

Beta!

$69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: The Wind in the Willows, Robinson Crusoe, As You Like It

$97.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

The Wind in the Willows

Robinson Crusoe

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

As You Like It $11.95 $12.95 $7.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $10.99

"I tend to want to trust Memoria Press most in all of this simply because I think they have excellent materials and because they provide very cogent articles in support of their position ..."

- Brian G.

This page is only a guide: Students may work a year below or above the grades assigned.

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Literature

11

Writing

New

Grades 4+ The Fable Stage $19.95 Fable Stage Student Guide Beta! $29.95 Fable Stage Teacher Guide Beta!

The Narrative Stage New

$19.95 Narrative Stage Student Guide Beta! $29.95 Narrative Stage Teacher Key Beta!

New

Classical Composition What if you could teach your child using the same writing program that produced such masters of the language as John Milton, William Shakespeare, and Benjamin Franklin? What if you could have the same composition curriculum used by Quintilian, the greatest teacher of ancient rhetoric, and Cicero, the greatest persuasive speaker of all time?

Jim Selby has blown the dust off of the writing curriculum that was used in schools for over 1,500 years and put it in an easy-to-teach format that will revolutionize your home or private school curriculum. Presented clearly and systematically in a structured curriculum, Classical Composition will give you a clear road map to writing excellence.

Ancient writers invented a way of teaching writing known as the progymnasmata, which provided a method of teaching composition that not only taught budding writers a disciplined way to approach communication, but also helped them appeal to the heads of their audience. The progymnasmata gave them the stylistic tools to appeal to their hearts as well.

The greatest communicators of ancient times, Quintilian and Cicero among them, employed the progymnasmata to teach their students the art of communication. The 14 exercises, organized from the simplest and most basic to the most complex and sophisticated, were the core education of a classical speaker, designed to produce what Quintilian once called, "the good man, speaking well."

Greek

New

New

Grades 5+

Greek Alphabet Book

by Cheryl Lowe

$15.00 $10.00

Greek Alphabet Book Beta!

Greek Alphabet Key Beta!

Though the Greek alphabet is similar to our English alphabet, it is also different enough to be a major impediment to the study of Greek. Delving into the Greek grammar and learning the alphabet at the same time is overwhelming for almost everyone.

Give yourself the time to master the Greek letters and become comfortable with them before you plunge into Greek. Memoria Press’ Greek Alphabet program is a tour of the Greek letters, their formation, and sounds. A page is devoted to each letter and includes a letter diagram with arrows showing proper formation, printing lines showing placement of letters above and below the lines, letters to trace and copy, interesting facts and hints to help remember the letter’s sound, and questions. Each lesson consists of three letters, a review page, and a quiz.

12

Writing & Greek

www.MemoriaPress.com

What is Liberal Education?

by Mortimer Adler

A philosopher and educator, Dr. Adler (1902-2001) was chairman of the board of editors of the Encyclopedia Britannica and editor of the Great Books of the Western World series. Despite the intellectual nature of his more than 50 books, many of them, such as How to Read a Book, Aristotle for Everybody, Six Great Ideas, and Ten Philosophical Mistakes, were popular bestsellers.

T

he liberal arts are traditionally intended to develop the faculties of the human mind, those powers of intelligence and imagination without which no intellectual work can be accomplished. Liberal education is not tied to certain academic subjects, such as philosophy, history, literature, music, art, and other so-called "humanities." In the liberal-arts tradition, scientific disciplines, such as mathematics and physics, are considered equally liberal, that is, equally able to develop the powers of the mind.

The liberal-arts tradition goes back to the medieval curriculum. The first part, trivium, comprised grammar, rhetoric, and logic. It taught the arts of reading and writing, of listening and speaking, and of sound thinking. The other part, the quadrivium, consisted of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music (not audible music, but music conceived as a mathematical science). It taught the arts of observation, calculation, and measurement, how to apprehend the quantitative aspect of things. Nowadays, of course, we would add many more sciences, natural and social.

Liberal education, including all the traditional arts as well as the newer sciences, is essential for the development of top-flight scientists. Without it, we can train only technicians, who cannot understand the basic principles behind the motions they perform. We can hardly expect such skilled automatons to make new discoveries of any importance. A crash program of merely technical training would probably end in a crashup for basic science.

1-877-862-1097

It is a matter of historical fact that the great German scientists of the nineteenth century had a solid background in the liberal arts. They all went through a liberal education which embraced Greek, Latin, logic, philosophy, and history, in addition to mathematics, physics, and other sciences. Actually, this has been the educational preparation of European scientists down to the present time. Einstein, Bohr, Fermi, and other great modern scientists were developed not by technical schooling, but by liberal education.

The aim of liberal education, however, is not to produce scientists. It seeks to develop free human beings who know how to use their minds and are able to think for themselves. Its primary aim is not the development of professional competence, although a liberal education is indispensable for any intellectual profession. It produces citizens who can exercise their political liberty responsibly. It develops cultivated persons who can use their leisure fruitfully. It is an education for all free men, whether they intend to be scientists or not.

Our educational problem is how to produce free men, not hordes of uncultivated, trained technicians.

Only the best liberal schooling can accomplish this. It must include all the humanities, as well as mathematics and the sciences. It must exclude all merely vocational and technical training.

This abridged article is used by permission of The Center for the Study of the Great Ideas (www.thegreatideas.org).

What is Liberal Education?

13

Method Natural

Natural The

Cheryl Lowe Cheryl Lowe is the author of the popular Latin programs, Latina Christiana, Lingua Angelica, and the First Form Latin series, as well as the First Start Reading phonics program.

Cheryl discovered Latin when she homeschooled her sons and is the self-styled apostle of Latin, claiming that Latin has more educational value than any other subject you can teach your children. Cheryl graduated from the University of Louisville with a degree in Chemistry and from Western Kentucky University with an M.S. in Biology. Cheryl and her son Brian founded Memoria Press in 1998 and, in 2000, the highly successful Highlands Latin School, where all of the Memoria Press products are taught and field-tested.

14

Is NOT Natural

M

odern languages are taught by the conversational method. If I understand this method correctly, it involves an emphasis on oral and written conversation in the classroom, supplemented with a secondary focus on grammar.

Ideally this conversational instruction is augmented by travel and an immersion experience with native speakers. It could also be called the natural method, in that students are learning the new language in a natural way rather than the artificial grammar/translation textbook method. The idea is to simulate the way a child naturally learns to speak (or read) his own language, or the way a foreigner learns a new language by immersion. I have used four terms here (modern, natural, immersion, conversational), but I think they all describe approximately the same thing. I will just use the term "natural method" for the rest of this commentary. There are several reasons why Latin should not be taught by the natural method like a modern language.

The first is that Latin is not a modern language. It is an ancient language.

It is a classical language. Ancient and classical languages are very different from modern languages. Modern languages like French and English have a similar structure and grammar, making it much easier to transition from one language to another. R. W. Livingstone once compared learning a modern language to getting up and moving from one easy chair to another. In contrast, learning a classical language, he said, is like running a marathon.

A second and even more obvious reason is that the goal of Latin instruction is to be able to read the great classics of antiquity, not to speak Latin with the natives.

But there is another reason that Latin should not be taught like modern languages, and that is that modern languages should not be taught like modern languages. The natural method doesn’t work for modern languages, much less Latin.

There was a tried-and-true method for teaching modern languages before the advent of the natural method, the grammar/ translation method. The natural method was introduced in the 1960s, about the same time as all of the other modern educational experiments, like "new math," "discovery learning,"

The Natural Method Is NOT Natural

www.MemoriaPress.com

learning German finally, but it was more of the same—the etc. None of them worked then, and they don’t work only compensation being that his pretty teacher played now. I know. I was taught by all of the old methods and the guitar to accompany her German drinking songs. Had began teaching under all of the new methods. And I he learned the grammar basics in school, he would have have survived to tell the story. had the tools he needed to learn to speak German later, Both the goals and methodology of foreign when he traveled abroad as a graduate. language instruction changed with the natural The argument for the natural method is built upon method. Prior to the 1960s, the goal of modern two false premises. The first is that you can duplicate the language instruction was to learn to read a modern natural way a child learns to speak his own language in language, not to speak a modern language. The a classroom setting. You can’t. There isn't educational goal was that all educated enough time. The second false premise people would have a passable reading is that natural is better than artificial. It proficiency in some modern language, "... modern languages is better with regard to some things such primarily French, German, or Spanish, should not be taught as food, but is the natural man better and could, if necessary, communicate in like modern languages. than the civilized one? writing with their academic or business The natural method is not only peers in other countries.

The natural method contrary to common sense but to the The goal was never to learn to speak a doesn’t work for whole premise of formal education, foreign language, which was considered which is to teach by systematic, logical an unrealistic goal in a one-hour-a-day modern languages, instruction. This is the very opposite instructional setting, because the natural much less Latin." of the natural, random, untutored experience of the child who learns way we learn to speak. The natural to speak his own language without method is the same as teaching reading instruction cannot be duplicated in that without phonics; it's the same as solimited time. However, by giving the called "inquiry-based" learning. It is that siren song of student reading proficiency and the grammar basics progressive education applied to learning languages. of a foreign language, the school had prepared him to The appropriate way to teach anything is to give develop speaking proficiency should the opportunity systematic, explicit instruction, enabling the student to arise. It works beautifully. learn more in less time. Would you take your child to a So with the natural method, we abandoned the tennis or golf coach that used the natural method? difficult but doable goal of learning to read a modern The natural method has been a failure with language for the even more difficult and unrealistic modern languages, so why would we expect it to goal of learning to speak a foreign language, with the succeed with Latin? It is, after all, unnatural. result that most students today learn neither.

You can learn to read a modern language in one year. Back when I was at university, the college of arts and sciences required two years of foreign language for all majors. My degree was in chemistry, but even after I tested out of French grammar, I still had a year of French literature.

Nothing demonstrates the lowering of academic standards today more than foreign language study.

Several years ago, I interviewed a teacher applicant with a degree in French. I asked her exactly what courses were required for her degree, and she said things like French culture, history, literature, conversation and grammar. I asked her if she had actually read any French literature, and she responded that she had one course in French literature! A degree The Great Books: Climbing Parnassus: in French used to mean four years of French literature; A Journey Through 2,500 A New Apologia for no credit was even given for French grammar.

Years of the West's Greek and Latin My oldest son had two years of German in a very good Classic Literature

by Tracy Lee Simmons private high school and learned very little by the natural

by Anthony O'Hear $15.00 method. His private liberal arts college required a year $25.00 of foreign language, and so he was excited about really 1-877-862-1097

The Natural Method Is NOT Natural

15

LATIN

Grades 1-4 Student Book Sample Pages

PRIMA LATINA: An Introduction to Christian Latin

by Leigh Lowe Grades 1-4 (see Latin course guide on p. 20) Are you looking for a gentle introduction to Latin and a course that prepares your young student for a more advanced study of the language? Prima Latina is specifically designed for students and teachers with no Latin background.

This course was developed for children in 1st-4th grades who are still becoming familiar with English grammar and wish to learn Latin at a slower pace. Its goal is to teach and reinforce an understanding of the basic parts of speech while introducing Latin. It benefits the student by teaching him half of the vocabulary in Latina Christiana I and grounding him in the fundamental concepts of English grammar, the key to Latin study.

The grammar lessons are set forth in a form appropriate for primary grades. The review lessons that follow each unit provide the consistent review needed to master Latin. With clear explanations and easy-toread lessons in a two-color format, Prima Latina is perfect for those teachers and parents who would like to start their students on an early study of Christian Latin.

PL Supplements (p. 21)

Prima Latina Copybook Lingua Angelica CD & Songbook

“Order Leigh Lowe’s Prima Latina, along with the accompanying teacher’s guide and supplementary CD.” - Susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise

“If you are beginning Latin and have no Latin background, this is the curriculum for you.”

- Julie A., www.homeschoolreviews.com

“We absolutely LOVE this program!!!”

- Linda, www.homeschoolreviews.com

“We have found that students who start with Prima Latina are much more likely not only to continue Latin, but to love it!”

WHAT’S INSIDE ...

Student Book

• 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • Latin vocabulary words with corresponding English derivatives • Latin prayers • Grammar skills appropriate for primary grades • Consistent review

Teacher Manual

• Student book w/ answers keyed • Tests

Pronunciation CD Prima Latina Set + DVDs & Flashcards $90.90

BEST BU Y!

Prima Latina Set $32.95

• Complete verbal pronunciation • Four Lingua Angelica songs

DVDs

• 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by Leigh Lowe • Recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • On-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • Self-instructive format

Flashcards Student Book $14.00

16

Latin

Teacher Manual $14.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $45.00

Flashcards $14.95

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

www.MemoriaPress.com

LATIN

Grades 3-6

Teacher Manual Sample Pages

LATINA CHRISTIANA

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 1-4 (see Latin course guide on p. 20)

Latina Christiana I is, quite simply, the best Latin grammar course available for beginning students. Cheryl Lowe’s clear explanations, easy instructions, and step-by-step approach have led thousands of teachers and students to declare, “I love Latin!”

ONLINE ACADEMY

Each of the 25 lessons consists of a grammar form, ten vocabulary words, and a Latin saying that teaches students about their Christian or classical heritage. Five review lessons help ensure that your student has mastered the material. In addition, every lesson includes simple English derivatives of Latin words to help build English vocabulary.

Exercises reinforce memory work and “I have taught my own children using teach grammar in incremental steps your LC books and Henle, and yours is through simple translation. Grammar the best curriculum available.”

- V.B., Latin teacher coverage includes 1st-2nd declension nouns, 1st-2nd conjugation verbs, 1st-2nd declension adjectives, the irregular verb to be, and 1st-2nd person pronouns.

Supplements (p. 21)

Ludere Latine I & II The Book of Roots Roots of English Lingua Angelica LCI Review Worksheets New Latin Grammar Charts

The Teacher Manual includes a complete copy of the student book with overlaid answers and provides detailed weekly lesson plans, comprehensive teaching instructions, tests, weekly quizzes, and keys. The thirty lessons can be completed in a year for young students or in less time for older students. *Note: Students may move straight from Latina Christiana I to First Form Latin. See guide on p. 20.

Latina Christiana II continues the study of Latin grammar using the

same format as LC I. Upon completion, the students will have learned 400 Latin vocabulary words, all 5 declensions, model principal parts for all 4 conjugations, 3 tenses, the use of nominative and accusative cases, prepositional phrases, and much more!

Latina Christiana I Set + DVDs & Flashcards $97.90

BEST BU Y!

Latina Christiana I Set $39.95

WHAT’S INSIDE ...

Student Book

• 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • 10 vocabulary words per lesson w/ corresponding English derivatives • Latin sayings, songs, and prayers

Teacher Manual • • • •

Student book w/ answers keyed Weekly lesson plans Tests, quizzes, & keys Comprehensive teaching instructions

Pronunciation CD

• Complete verbal pronunciation • Latin Prayers & songs

DVDs • • • •

Student Book $15.00

Teacher Manual $20.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

Latina Christiana II Set + DVDs & Flashcards $97.90 Latina Christiana II Set $39.95 1-877-862-1097

LC I: 5 discs, 18 hrs. (35-40 min./lesson) LC II: 4 discs, 12 hrs. (20-25 min./lesson) Comprehensive teaching by Leigh Lowe Recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • On-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • Self-instructive format

Flashcards

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

Latin

17

Latin "... I was quite reluctant to change programs, but I'm glad I did! It is well laid out, presents the information in bite-sized pieces, has a good amount of review and worksheets for each lesson, and explains the grammar and information very well." - Linda

First Form:

Latin Grammar: Year 1 • 5 noun declensions • 1st - 2nd declension adjectives • 1st - 2nd conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) • sum in 6 tenses • Syntax: nominative and accusative cases

complementary infinitive

subject-verb agreement

noun-adjective agreement

predicate nouns and adjectives

Second Form:

Latin Grammar: Year 2 • 2nd declension -er -ir nouns and adjectives • 3rd declension i-stem nouns • 3rd declension adjectives of one termination • 1st and 2nd person pronouns and possessive pronoun adjectives • Prepositions with ablative and accusative • Adverbs and questions • 3rd, 3rd –io, and 4th conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) • Present system passive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • Syntax: genitive of possession

dative of indirect object

ablative of means and agent

Grades 5-12

First Form Latin Series: Latin Grammar, Years 1-3 Recommended for Grades 5-12

"

ONLINE ACADEMY

(or any age if completed Latina Christiana I)

Based on 20 years of teaching experience, this revolutionary new series will be your guide as you and your students successfully climb the mountain of Latin grammar all the way to the top! Written for parents and teachers with or without a Latin background, the goal of the First Form series is to present the grammar so logically and so systematically that anyone can learn it!

Designed for students and teachers with no Latin background, each course in the First Form series is formatted with an attractive, concise student text, systematic presentation in five units, extensive workbook exercises, and a teacher manual with everything you need to successfully teach this course.

First Form’s grammar-first approach focuses on grammar forms and vocabulary because those are the grammar stage skills suitable for the grammar stage student. However, the First Form series is for students of all ages because all beginners, regardless of age, are in the grammar stage of learning.

Syntax (how to use the grammar) and translation are logic and rhetoric stage skills, respectively, and quickly overwhelm the student unless they are introduced at a slow, gentle pace and taught for mastery. First Form is the ideal text for all beginners, grades 5 & up, or is a great follow-up to Latina Christiana I. Now every school and homeschool can have a truly successful Latin program that creates Latin scholars rather than Latin drop-outs.

Third Form:

Latin Grammar: Year 3

Supplements (p. 21) Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage The Book of Roots Lingua Angelica Roots of English FF Grammar Wall Charts

18

Latin

First Form Latin Student Text Sample

• Perfect system passive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • 4th declension neuter nouns • 3rd declension adjectives of one and three terminations • Imperative mood, vocative case • Nine irregular adjectives • Regular and irregular comparison of adjectives and adverbs • Pronouns: 3rd person, demonstrative, intensive, reflexive • Active and passive subjunctive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • Syntax: apposition

adjectives used as nouns

objective and partitive genitive

subjunctive in purpose clauses, exhortations,

deliberative questions

www.MemoriaPress.com

"It's so systematic, easy to use, and it ensures the success of the students ..."

First Form Latin Set + DVDs & Flashcards $115.00

BEST BU Y!

First Form Latin Set $55.00

Student Text $12.50

Workbook $15.00

Teacher Manuals $24.95

Quizzes & Tests $5.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

What’s Inside ...

Student Text

• 34 two-page lessons on facing pages • Small, concise, unintimidating text in an attractive two-color format • Systematic presentation of grammar in five logical units • Appendices with English grammar, prayers, conversational Latin, vocab. index, & more!

Student Workbook

• 4-6 pages of exercises for each lesson • Exercises for practice and mastery • Grammar catechism for daily rapid-fire review

Teacher Manual

• Key to workbook & quizzes/tests • Copy of student book inset with comprehensive teaching instructions • Recitation schedule • Chalk Talk scripted lessons • FYI notes for teachers w/ limited background

Quizzes & Tests

• Reproducible weekly quizzes & unit tests

Pronunciation CD

DVDs

• 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • Superb explanations • On-screen notes, illustrations, & diagrams • Recitations, Latin parties, & more!

Flashcards

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations • Declensions

• Includes the pronunciation of all vocabulary, sayings, and grammar forms for each lesson

Second Form Latin Set + DVDs & Flashcards $115.00 Second Form Latin Set $55.00

Student Text $12.50

Workbook $15.00

Teacher Manuals $24.95

Quizzes & Tests $5.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

Quizzes & Tests $5.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

Third Form Latin Set + DVDs & Flashcards $115.00 Third Form Latin Set $55.00

Student Text $12.50

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Workbook $15.00

Teacher Manuals $24.95

Latin

19

LATIN

Grades 8+

AN IDEAL LATIN SEQUENCE Trivium Stage

HENLE LATIN: Advanced Christian Latin

by Robert Henle

In the First Year text, a limited vocabulary of 500 words allows students to master grammar without being overwhelmed with large vocabulary lists. Repetitious Latin phrases and copious exercises produce mastery rather than frustration, and the mixture of Christian and classical content is appealing to students. *Note: Though Henle is considered a Catholic text, its superiority as a teaching resource and the outstanding benefits of its Christian perspective also make it appropriate for Protestants.

$42.45 $28.45

Henle I Set (Text Set + Study Guide: Units 1-2) Henle I Text Set (Text, Grammar, & Key)

$16.95 $15.95 $15.95 $15.95 $9.50 $5.00

Henle I Text Henle II Text Henle III Text Henle IV Text Henle Grammar (used all 4 yrs.)

Henle Key (specify I, II, III, or IV)

Grade

Latin Program

2nd

*Prima Latina (Grades 1-4)

p. 16

3rd

*Latina Christiana I (Grades 3-6)

p. 17

4th

*First Form Latin (Grades 5-12)

p. 18

5th

Second Form Latin

p. 18

6th

Third Form Latin

p. 18

7th

Fourth Form Latin Lingua Angelica Gospel of Mark

p. 21 p. 39

8th

*Henle Latin I and II

9th

Henle II

Rhetoric Stage

10th

Henle III

Read Latin literature

11th

Henle IV or AP Virgil

12th

Christian & Medieval Latin

Primary Grammar Prep Grammar Stage Memorize the Latin grammar

Logic Stage How to use the grammar - syntax & translation skills

(Grades 8+)

(syntax and Caesar prep.)

p. 20

(Caesar) (Cicero)

p. 20

or Ovid

p. 20 p. 20

*Beginning Programs

Supplements (p. 21)

The Book of Roots, Roots of English, Lingua Angelica, and Lingua Biblica

New

ΗENLE LATIN I: Study Guides

(sample right)

Now available: Study guide for Units 6-14! New! Need a little more guidance on how to use Henle? Our student guides will tell the student what to do at every step of the way. Each is broken down into 30 weekly lessons with daily student activities. Detailed, thorough, and wellorganized, with check-o boxes for completed work, these guides will ease your transition into Henle. $14.95 ea.

Henle I Study Guide (Units 1-2) Henle I Study Guide (Units 3-5) Henle I Study Guide (Units 6-14)

$9.95 ea.

ONLINE ACADEMY

Henle I Test/Quiz Packet (Units 1-2) Henle I Test/Quiz Packet (Units 3-5) Henle I Test/Quiz Packet (Units 6-14) Beta!

20

Latin

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Prima Latina Copybook New! New American Cursive Grades 1-4

If you love Prima Latina and New American Cursive, then you will love this book! Get ready to help your children practice their Latin while developing their penmanship skills. Includes a cursive vocabulary practice page from each Prima Latina lesson and a cursive Latin prayer practice page for each Prima review lesson.

Latin Copybook Cursive: Hymns & Prayers Grades 2+

Latina Christiana Review Worksheets New!

$14.95

by Brenda Janke Grades 3-6

$9.95 Worksheets

These supplemental review worksheets will help your students master the grammar and vocabulary they are learning in Latina Christiana I. Each lesson has 1-2 pages of cumulative review, so your students get weekly reinforcement of review material as well as newly learned concepts.

Latin Grammar Wall Charts 33’’ x 17”

$14.95

This copybook has simple, clean pages to provide handwriting practice. It starts with an introduction to forming letters and numbers. Then students move to classroom Latin followed by sayings and hymns from Latina Christiana and the First Form Latin series. While improving their handwriting, students will memorize timeless Latin sayings and beautiful hymns.

$5.00 Answer Key

$20.00 $20.00

Latina Christiana I & II (6 total) First Form (4 total)

Seeing grammar forms organized on wall charts is a great visual aid for Latin grammar students.

They are also a great aid for teachers during Latin recitations. Our grammar charts are in a large easy-to-read format that help students see the organization of the Latin grammar at a quick glance.

Ludere Latine: Latin Word Games for Latina Christiana I & II

$19.95 Ludere Latine I: Latin Word Games

by Paul O’Brien $19.95 Grades 3+ $7.00

Ludere Latine II: Latin Word Games Additional Copies

These word game supplements are stuffed with enrichment activities to help your students learn the vocabulary, grammar, and derivatives presented in Latina Christiana. Students will spend hours of enjoyment playing Latin Hangman, Crosswords, Word Search, and competing against each other in Latin Pictionary!

Roots of English:

Latin and Greek Roots for Beginners

by Paul O’Brien Grades 6-8

Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage

$19.95

In order to learn words with Latin and Greek roots and use them appropriately, a young student needs to understand the meanings of their roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Roots of English presents careful analysis of these word elements so that the student learns not only the modern meanings of the words, but also their underlying, ancient meanings. Most of the Latin roots covered in this book correspond to the Latina Christiana I Latin vocabulary set.

$14.95

by Cheryl Lowe (All Ages)

A Latin grammar is a compendium of grammar forms and syntax in a systematic, concise, and easily accessible reference book. Designed specifically for students, Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage includes all conjugations and declensions, plus a very basic introduction to Latin syntax (how to use the grammar). An essential resource for mastery and review, it can be used with the First Form series or any other Latin program.

The Book of Roots: Advanced Vocabulary

Lingua Biblica: Old Testament Stories in Latin

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Building From Latin Roots by Paul O’Brien Grades 8+

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The Book of Roots offers a comprehensive listing of derivatives for Latina Christiana I, along with Latin definitions, English derivatives, and etymology. There is also a section of weekly exercises that provide reinforcement. Ideal as a vocabulary roots course, this book also has significant practical appeal: it is an ideal standardized test prep book, training students to uncover the meanings of words by deciphering parts. A great resource for students who love words!

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This is an exciting supplementary translation program based on the Vulgate. It provides a sampling of Bible story translations and exercises that will fortify the student’s knowledge of Latin vocabulary and grammar. A great companion to the Henle series, each lesson includes three levels of study. Level I has the easiest sentence translations. Level II includes more advanced sentence translations.

Finally, Level III includes the entire translation with advanced exercises.

Lingua Angelica I & II: Latin Songs & Prayers (Translation Course) by Cheryl Lowe $39.95 $11.95 $16.95 $9.95

LA I Set (Student, Teacher, Song Book, & CD) LA I Student Book LA I Teacher Manual LA Songbook (used for LA I & II)

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Lingua Angelica covers 24 beautiful hymns sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir. Because hymns have shorter, simpler sentences and clearer word structure than most Latin literature, the Christian Latin in this course is ideal when beginning Latin translation. In both LA I and II, the student book provides vocabulary work, space for interlinear translation, and grammar word study exercises. The teacher manual has a complete copy of the student book (w/answers) as well as instructions on how to use the course, making the teaching easier.

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T

here was an old Indian method of torture that consisted of tying someone down in the hot sun next to a pond or lake. The victim would thirst to death only inches away from the water. Our education system today employs a similar method with students.

Most critics of American education today have a good grasp of one part of the problem: our children don’t have enough knowledge. They cite poor test scores and the general lack of awareness of important events in history as proof of this. And they are right.

But although this analysis is correct, it is not complete. There is, after all, no shortage of information.

It is everywhere. In fact, students today, with their access to the internet alone, have greater access to the world of knowledge than ever before.

They are thirsting to death on the shore of a sea of information. Why is this?

I think that at least one of the reasons has to do with the lack of order both in our conception of education and in the actual curricula we use in our schools. There are a lot of things we want our students to know, but our own lack of any understanding of the structure of reality prohibits us from getting this knowledge into the heads of our students.

Many people have heard of the book Amusing Ourselves to Death by Neil Postman. But many people have not heard of a speech Postman gave in 1990 to the German Informatics Society titled “Informing Ourselves to Death.”

In the speech, Postman talks about buying a deck of cards. When you first open it, he says you find all

22

7 Habits of Highly Educated People

the cards in a particular order. First there are, say, the hearts, from Ace to King, and then the spades, and the diamonds and the clubs, each in the same order. What this allows you to do, he points out, is to make sense of the whole deck. As you look at each successive card, you know exactly what you will find. And you can say why the previous card was what it was. All because you know the order.

But when you shuffle the deck, you destroy the order of the cards so that, if you were to go through them again, you would not know which card should come next or why the card before was the one it was. The order would be lost, and you would have no knowledge of the inherent structure of the deck, unless you already knew it before.

Postman points out that there are times in history when we have had an unshuffled cultural deck: The belief system of the Middle Ages was rather like my brand-new deck of cards. There existed an ordered, comprehensible world-view, beginning with the idea that all knowledge and goodness come from God. What the priests had to say about the world was derived from the logic of their theology. ... The medieval world was, to be sure, mysterious and filled with wonder, but it was not without a sense of

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order. Ordinary men and women might not clearly grasp how

sense, a magnificent toy that distracts us from facing what we

the harsh realities of their lives fit into the grand and benevolent

most needed to confront—spiritual emptiness, knowledge of

design, but they had no doubt that there was such a design,

ourselves, usable conceptions of the past and future.

and their priests were well able, by deduction from a handful of

An Apple a day keeps learning away.

The answer to the modern educational problem of But, he points out, our world today is nothing like too much ill-ordered information is not, itself, modern. the world of the medievals: It is an ancient answer that has not been lost, but only ignored. The answer to the problem is the sequence The situation we are presently in is much different. ... It is of learning known as the “liberal arts.” The liberal rather like the shuffled deck of cards I referred to. There is no arts were an ordered set of seven skills that provided consistent, integrated conception of the world which serves as educators with a guide to teaching and students with the foundation on which our edifice of belief rests. And therefore, an order, in light of which they could make sense of in a sense, we are more naive than those of the Middle Ages, and what they were taught. more frightened, for we can be made to believe almost anything.

“Wisdom hath builded her a house,” says the writer of Proverbs, “she hath hewn out her seven pillars.”

The situation in which the modern world finds The trivium skills of grammar, logic, and rhetoric itself—one in which there is no acknowledged order were the first three arts, the most elementary. to reality—is reflected in our institutions of education.

Grammar was the study of the structure and content They acknowledge no coherent picture of the world, of language; dialectic was the practical study of logic; and they admit no inherent order in either the and rhetoric the skills of speaking and writing. These structure of knowledge itself or in the way it should formed the foundation of the last four arts: arithmetic, be presented to students. geometry, astronomy, and music—the mathematic and Our students are faced with wave after wave of quantitative arts of the quadrivium. random, disconnected information. And because it is Although the liberal arts were taught and practiced presented in no discernible order, and because they are since the time of Greece and Rome, it was the Middle not provided with any kind of mental structure Ages in which they were shaped into the seven within which it can be made sense of, we discrete arts—the Seven Habits, we might frequently do little more than confuse call them, of Highly Educated People.

The answer to the those whom we pretend to teach.

It was this educational structure modern educational problem “[W]hat started out as a liberating that dominated learning until the of too much ill-ordered information turn of the 20th century, when it stream,” says Postman, "has was largely pushed out of schools turned into a deluge of chaos.” is not, itself, modern. It is an in order to accommodate the There are two proposed ancient answer that has not been progressivist pragmatism that now solutions to this problem: the dominates education. The liberal arts modern one and the classical one. lost, but only ignored. were abandoned but never replaced.

The modern solution to the These seven educational habits do not problem of random, disconnected have the glamour of a new iPad, and there are few new information consists of providing students with more "apps" to accompany them. To many modern educators, of it. “Education technology”—in other words, more they seem a hoary relic from a bygone age. But such a computers—will solve our educational problems. This criticism, of course, is irrelevant. “What avails a golden often takes the form of computers in the classroom. key,” asks St. Augustine, “if it cannot give access to the The computer is presented to us, says Postman, as object which we wish to teach, and why find fault with a a “technological messiah.” Apple spends hundreds wooden key if it serves our purpose?” of millions of dollars providing schools with free That an educational method was old was once a "learning technology." This is marketed as an recommendation to educators, who valued the tried educational elixir that will cure all educational ills. and true. This attitude, however, has been replaced But the truth is something different: by a kind of neophilia which threatens the entire educational enterprise, if not our culture itself.

The computer cannot provide an organizing moral To fail to pass on these basic intellectual skills, skills framework. It cannot tell us what questions are worth asking. without which learning can become a torture, is to It cannot provide a means of understanding why we are here consign the modern student to death by intellectual thirst or why we fight each other or why decency eludes us so often, just out of reach of the educational water. especially when we need it the most. The computer is, in a principles, to make it, if not rational, at least coherent.

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What are the

Liberal arts?

The Liberal Arts The Liberal Arts The liberal arts denote the seven branches of knowledge that initiate the young into a life of learning. The concept is classical, but the term liberal arts and the division of the arts into the trivium and the quadrivium date from the Middle Ages.

The Trivium and the Quadrivium Sister Miriam Joseph Sister Miriam Joseph was a member of the Sisters of the Holy Cross. She earned her doctorate at Columbia University and served as professor of English at St. Mary's College from 1931 to 1960. She learned the trivium from Mortimer Adler, who instructed her and the teaching staff at St. Mary's College on how to use it.

This article is an excerpt from The Trivium: The Liberal Arts of Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric, by Sister Joseph. It is used with the permission of Paul Dry Books, Inc. (www. pauldrybooks.com), which also publishes Sister Joseph's Shakespeare's Use of the Arts of Language.

28

What are the Liberal Arts?

The trivium1 includes those aspects of the liberal arts that pertain to mind, and the quadrivium, those aspects of the liberal arts that pertain to matter. Logic, grammar, and rhetoric constitute the trivium; and arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy constitute the quadrivium. Logic is the art of thinking; grammar, the art of inventing symbols and combining them to express thought; and rhetoric, the art of communicating thought from one mind to another, Figure 1: The Seven Liberal Arts the adaptation of language to circumstance. Arithmetic, The Trivium: The three arts of language pertaining to the mind the theory of number, and Logic..................art of thinking music, an application of Grammar..........art of inventing and combining symbols the theory of number (the Rhetoric.............art of communication measurement of discrete quantities in motion), are The Quadrivium: the arts of discrete quantity The four arts of quantity pertaining to matter Discrete quantity or number or number. Geometry, Arithmetic........theory of number the theory of space, and Music.................application of the theory of number astronomy, an application of Continuous quantity the theory of space, are the Geometry .........theory of space arts of continuous quantity Astronomy ......application of the theory of space or extension. www.MemoriaPress.com

These arts of reading, writing, and reckoning have formed the traditional basis of liberal education, each constituting both a field of knowledge and the technique to acquire that knowledge. The degree bachelor of arts is awarded to those who demonstrate the requisite proficiency in these arts, and the degree master of arts, to those who have demonstrated a greater proficiency.

Today, as in centuries past, a mastery of the liberal arts is widely recognized as the best preparation for work in professional schools, such as those of medicine, law, engineering, or theology. Those who first perfect their own faculties through liberal education are thereby better prepared to serve others in a professional or other capacity.

The seven liberal arts differ essentially from the many utilitarian arts (such as carpentry, masonry, plumbing, salesmanship, printing, editing, banking, law, medicine, or the care of souls) and from the seven fine arts (architecture, instrumental music, sculpture, painting, literature, the drama, and the dance), for both the utilitarian arts and the fine arts are transitive activities, whereas the essential characteristic of the liberal arts is that they are immanent or intransitive activities.

The utilitarian artist produces utilities that serve the wants of humanity; the fine artist, if he is of the highest order, produces a work that is “a thing of beauty and a joy forever”2 and that has the power to elevate the human spirit. In the exercise of both the utilitarian and the fine arts, although the action begins in the agent, it goes out from the agent and ends in the object produced and usually has a commercial value; and therefore the artist is paid for the work. In the exercise of the liberal arts, however, the action begins in the agent and ends in the agent, who is perfected by the action; consequently, the liberal artist, far from being paid for his hard work, of which he receives the sole and full benefit, usually pays a teacher to give needed instruction and guidance in the practice of the liberal arts.

The intransitive character of the liberal arts may be better understood from the following analogy.

ANALOGY The intransitive character of the liberal arts The carpenter planes the wood.

The rose blooms.

The action of a transitive verb (like planes) begins in the agent but “goes across” and ends in the object (the wood). The action of an intransitive verb (like blooms) begins in the agent and ends in the agent (the rose, which is perfected by blooming).

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Classes of Goods The three classes of goods—valuable, useful, and pleasurable—illustrate the same type of distinction that exists among the arts.

Valuable goods are those which are not only desired for their own sake but which increase the intrinsic worth of their possessor. For instance, knowledge, virtue, and health are valuable goods.

Useful goods are those which are desired because they enable one to acquire valuable goods. For instance, food, medicine, money, tools, and books are useful goods.

Pleasurable goods are those which are desired for their own sake because of the satisfaction they give their possessor. For instance, happiness, an honorable reputation, social prestige, flowers, and savory food are pleasurable goods. They do not add to the intrinsic worth of their possessor, nor are they desired as means, yet they may be associated with valuable goods or useful goods. For instance, knowledge, which increases worth, may at the same time be pleasurable; ice cream, which is nourishing food, promotes health, and is, at the same time, enjoyable.

The utilitarian or servile arts enable one to be a servant—of another person, of the state, of a corporation, or of a business—and to earn a living.

The liberal arts, in contrast, teach one how to live; they train the faculties and bring them to perfection; they enable a person to rise above his material environment to live an intellectual, a rational, and therefore a free life in gaining truth. Jesus Christ said, “You shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free” (John 8:32).3 The new motto of Saint John’s College, Annapolis, Maryland, expresses the purpose of a liberal arts college with an interesting play on the etymology of liberal: “Facio liberos ex liberis libris libraque.” “I make free men of children by means of books and a balance [laboratory experiments].”4

Science and Art Each of the liberal arts is both a science and an art in the sense that in the province of each there is something to know (science) and something to do (art). An art may be used successfully before one has a formal knowledge of its precepts. For example, a child of three may use correct grammar even though the child knows nothing of formal grammar. Similarly, logic and rhetoric may be effectively used by those who do not know the precepts of these arts. It is, however, desirable and satisfying to acquire a clear knowledge of the precepts and to know why certain forms of expression or thought are right and wrong.

What are the Liberal Arts?

29

The trivium is the organon, or instrument of all education at all levels because the arts of logic, grammar, and rhetoric are the arts of communication itself in that they govern the means of communication– namely, reading, writing, speaking, and listening.

Thinking is inherent in these four activities. Reading and listening, for example, although relatively passive, involve active thinking, for we agree or disagree with what we read or hear.

The trivium is used vitally when it is exercised in reading and composition. It was systematically and intensively exercised in the reading of the Latin classics and in the composition of Latin prose and verse by boys in the grammar schools of England and the continent during the sixteenth century. This was the training that formed the intellectual habits of Shakespeare and other Renaissance writers. The result of it appears in their work. (See T. W. Baldwin, William Shakespeare’s Small Latine and Lesse Greeke.

Urbana: The University of Illinois Press, 1944.5) The trivium was basic also in the curriculum of classical times, the Middle Ages, and the post-Renaissance.

In the Greek grammar of Dionysius Thrax (ca. 166 B.C.), the oldest extant book on grammar6 and the basis for grammatical texts for at least thirteen centuries, grammar is defined in so comprehensive a manner that it includes versification, rhetoric, and literary criticism.

Grammar is an experimental knowledge of the usages of languages as generally current among poets and prose writers.

It is divided into six parts: (1) trained reading with due regard to prosody [versification]; (2) exposition, according to poetic figures [rhetoric]; (3) ready statement of dialectical peculiarities and allusion; (4) discovery of etymologies; (5) the accurate account of analogies; (6) criticism of poetical productions which is the noblest part of grammatical art.

Because communication involves the simultaneous exercise of logic, grammar, and rhetoric, these three arts are the fundamental arts of education, of teaching, and of being taught. Accordingly, they must be practiced simultaneously by both teacher and pupil.

The pupil must cooperate with the teacher; he must be active, not passive. The teacher may be present either directly or indirectly. When one studies a book, the author is a teacher indirectly present through the book. Communication, as the etymology of the word signifies, results in something possessed in common; it

30

What are the Liberal Arts?

is a oneness shared. Communication takes place only when two minds really meet. If the reader or listener receives the same ideas and emotions that the writer or speaker wished to convey, he understands (although he may disagree); if he receives no ideas, he does not understand; if different ideas, he misunderstands. The same principles of logic, grammar, and rhetoric guide writer, reader, speaker, and listener.

Liberal Arts Education Education is the highest of arts in the sense that it imposes forms (ideas and ideals) not on matter, as do other arts (for instance carpentry or sculpture), but on mind. These forms are received by the student not passively, but through active cooperation. In true liberal education, as Newman7 explained, the essential activity of the student is to relate the facts learned into a unified, organic whole, to assimilate them as the body assimilates food or as the rose assimilates food from the soil and increases in size, vitality, and beauty. A learner must use mental hooks and eyes to join the facts together to form a significant whole. This makes learning easier, more interesting, and much more valuable. The accumulation of facts is mere information and is not worthy to be called education since it burdens the mind and stultifies it instead of developing, enlightening, and perfecting it. Even if one forgets many of the facts once learned and related, the mind retains the vigor and perfection gained by its exercise upon them. It can do this, however, only by grappling with facts and ideas. Moreover, it is much easier to remember related ideas than unrelated ideas.

Each of the liberal arts has come to be understood not in the narrow sense of a single subject, but rather in the sense of a group of related subjects. The trivium, in itself a tool or a skill, has become associated with its most appropriate subject matter—the languages, oratory, literature, history, philosophy. The quadrivium comprises not only mathematics but many branches of science. The theory of number includes not merely arithmetic but also algebra, calculus, the theory of equations, and other branches of higher mathematics.

The applications of the theory of number include not only music (here understood as musical principles, like those of harmony, which constitute the liberal art of music and must be distinguished from applied instrumental music, which is a fine art) but also physics, much of chemistry, and other forms of scientific measurement of discrete quantities.

The theory of space includes analytic geometry and trigonometry. Applications of the theory of space include principles of architecture, geography, surveying, and engineering.

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The three R’s—reading, writing, and reckoning— constitute the core not only of elementary education but also of higher education. Competence in the use of language and competence in handling abstractions, particularly mathematical quantities, are regarded as the most reliable indexes to a student’s intellectual caliber. Accordingly, tests have been devised to measure these skills, and guidance programs in colleges and in the armed forces have been based on the results of such tests.

The three arts of language provide discipline of mind inasmuch as mind finds expression in language. The four arts of quantity provide means for the study of matter inasmuch as quantity—more

precisely, extension—is the outstanding characteristic of matter. (Extension is a characteristic of matter only, whereas number is a characteristic of both matter and spirit.) The function of the trivium is the training of the mind for the study of matter and spirit, which together constitute the sum of reality. The fruit of education is culture, which Matthew Arnold8 defined as “the knowledge of ourselves [mind] and the world [matter].” In the “sweetness and light” of Christian culture, which adds to the knowledge of the world and ourselves the knowledge of God and of other spirits, we are enabled truly to “see life steadily and see it whole.”9

THE LANGUAGE ARTS The Language Arts and Reality The three language arts can be defined as they relate to reality and to each other. Metaphysics or ontology,10 the science of being, is concerned with reality, with the thing-as-it-exists. Logic, grammar, and rhetoric have the following relation to reality.

the art of grammar, are included here to show their relationship to the other language arts in materials, functions, and norms.

Figure 3: Language Arts Their Materials and Functions

Figure 2: Language and Reality • Logic is concerned with the thing-as-it-is-known.

• Grammar is concerned with the thing-as-it-is-symbolized.

• Rhetoric is concerned with the thing-as-it-is-communicated.

ILLUSTRATION: Relationship between metaphysics and language arts The discovery of the planet Pluto in 1930 illustrates the relationship between metaphysics and the language arts. The planet Pluto had been a real entity, traveling in its orbit about our sun, for centuries; its discovery in 1930 did not create it. By being discovered, however, it became in 1930 for the first time a logical entity. When it was named Pluto, it became a grammatical entity.

When by its name knowledge of it was communicated to others through the spoken word and also through the written word, the planet Pluto became a rhetorical entity.11

Rhetoric is the master art of the trivium,12 for it presupposes and makes use of grammar and logic; it is the art of communicating through symbols ideas about reality.

Comparison of Materials, Functions, and Norms of the Language Arts The language arts guide the speaker, writer, listener, and reader in the correct and effective use of language. Phonetics and spelling, which are allied to

1-877-862-1097

• Phonetics prescribes how to combine sounds so as to form spoken words correctly.

• Spelling prescribes how to combine letters so as to form written words correctly.

• Grammar prescribes how to combine words so as to form sentences correctly.

• Rhetoric prescribes how to combine sentences into paragraphs and paragraphs into a whole composition having unity, coherence, and the desired emphasis, as well as clarity, force, and beauty.

• Logic prescribes how to combine concepts into judgments and judgments into syllogisms and chains of reasoning so as to achieve truth.

Because rhetoric aims for effectiveness rather than correctness, it deals not only with the paragraph and the whole composition but also with the word and the sentence, for it prescribes that diction be clear and appropriate and that sentences be varied in structure and rhythm. It recognizes various levels of discourse, such as the literary (maiden or damsel, steed), the common (girl, horse), the illiterate (gal, hoss), the slang (skirt, plug), the technical (homo sapiens, equus caballus), each with its appropriate use. The adaptation of language to circumstance, which is a function of rhetoric, requires the choice of a certain style and diction in speaking to adults, of a different style in presenting scientific ideas to the general public, and of another in presenting them to a group of scientists.

What are the Liberal Arts?

31

Since rhetoric is the master art of the trivium, it may even enjoin the use of bad grammar or bad logic, as in the portrayal of an illiterate or stupid character in a story.

Just as rhetoric is the master art of the trivium, so logic is the art of arts because it directs the very act of reason, which directs all other human acts to their proper end through the means it determines.

In the preface to his Art of Logic, the poet Milton remarks: The general matter of the general arts is either reason or speech. They are employed either in perfecting reason for the sake of proper thinking, as in logic, or in perfecting speech, and that either for the sake of the correct use of words, as in grammar, or the effective use of words, as in rhetoric. Of all the arts the first and most general is logic, then grammar, and last of all rhetoric, since there can be much use of reason without speech, but no use of speech without reason. We gave the second place to grammar because correct speech can be unadorned; but it can hardly be adorned before it is correct.13

Because the arts of language are normative, they are practical studies as contrasted with speculative. A speculative study is one that merely seeks to know—for example, astronomy. We can merely know about the heavenly bodies. We cannot influence their movements.

A practical, normative study is one that seeks to regulate, to bring into conformity with a norm or standard—for example, ethics. The norm of ethics is the good, and its purpose is to bring human conduct into conformity with goodness.

Figure 4: Language Arts Their Norms • Correctness is the norm of phonetics, spelling, and grammar.

• Effectiveness is the norm of rhetoric.

• Truth is the norm of logic. Correctness in thinking is the normal means to reach truth, which is the conformity of thought with things as they are—with reality.

The intellect itself is perfected in its operations by the five intellectual virtues, three speculative and two practical. Understanding is the intuitive grasp of first principles. (For example, of contradictory statements, one must be true, the other false.) Science is knowledge of proximate causes (physics, mathematics, economics, etc.). Wisdom is knowledge of ultimate causes—metaphysics in the natural order, theology in the supernatural order. Prudence is right reason about something to be done. Art is right reason about something to be made.14 1 All footnotes for this article are listed in the web version, which can be found at www.MemoriaPress.com/articles/LiberalArts.

Now OFFERED BY MP FOR A LIMITED TIME! The trivium: The Liberal Arts of Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric

by Sister Miriam Joseph, edited by Marguerite McGlinn www.PaulDrybooks.com

$18.95

Liberal Arts Supplements The Well-Trained Mind:

A Guide to Classical Education at Home, 3rd Edition

by Susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise

$27.95

The Well-Educated Mind:

A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had

by Susan Wise Bauer

A Student's Guide to the Disciplines (Grades 9+) $99.95 Complete Set $7.95 Music History $7.95 Classics $7.95 Economics $7.95 Religious Studies $7.95 Political Philosophy

$7.95 The Study of Law $7.95 U.S. History $7.95 The Core Curriculum $7.95 Liberal Learning $7.95 American Political Thought $6.95 Natural Science $6.95 Philosophy $6.95 Psychology $6.95 Literature $6.95 The Study of History

$25.00

The Latin-Centered Curriculum:

A Home Educator's Guide to a Latin-Centered Curriculum

by Andrew A. Campbell

$17.95

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What are the Liberal Arts? & Liberal Arts Supplements

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Classical Logic

Grades 7+

Traditional Logic by Martin Cothran Book I: An Introduction to Formal Logic Book II: Advanced Formal Logic Grades 7+

Traditional Logic I Set + DVDs $68.95

ONLINE ACADEMY

The Traditional Logic program is an in-depth study of the classical syllogism.

In Book I, students will gain a basic understanding of terms, statements, and simple categorical arguments. Book II completes the study of the simple categorical syllogism, advances to hypothetical syllogisms, and continues the study of logic by covering complex argument forms, great arguments from history, and case studies of great arguments.

(Each book can be used as either a one-semester or one-year course.)

“This is the best exposition of Aristotelian logic I have yet seen aimed at homeschoolers ...” - Mary Pride Basic Logical Terms, Concepts, & Procedures • Truth, validity, soundness • The four logical statements • Major, minor, and middle terms • 4 ways statements can be opposite • 3 ways statements can be equivalent • Distribution of terms • The 7 rules for validity

Clear & Systematic Presentation • Daily exercises to ensure mastery • Example arguments • Historic argument case studies • Emphasis on language, not math

Traditional Logic I Set $31.90

BEST BU Y!

Student Book $29.95

DVDs $45.00

Answer Key $1.95

Traditional Logic II Set + DVDs $68.95

A Variety of Learning Strategies

Traditional Logic II Set $31.90

BEST BU Y!

Student Book $29.95

DVDs $45.00

• Clear and concise text explanations • Reading comprehension questions • Practical application • Creative invention

Advanced Concepts & Argument Forms (Book II) • Figure & mood in syllogisms • Syllogism reduction • Hypothetical reasoning • Chain arguments • The dilemma • The "oblique" syllogism

Material Logic: A Course in How to Think

by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

Answer Key $1.95

Material Logic I Set + DVDs $68.95

ONLINE ACADEMY

Material Logic I Set $31.90

The principles of material logic, an important part of trivium language study, are now almost completely forgotten—a casualty of the almost exclusive modern secular emphasis on the quantitative sciences. This has resulted in the rise of systems of modern logic that are more math than logic. Formal logic was once termed minor (or lesser) logic, while material logic usually went by the name of major (or greater) logic—possibly a measure of how important classical thinkers considered it.

BEST BU Y!

New

Student Book $29.95

There is a huge gap between formal logic courses and so-called “thinking skills” courses. Formal logic focuses exclusively on the systematic study of the structure of reasoning. “Thinking skills” courses, on the other hand, tend to suffer from a highly nonsystematic, topic-hopping approach, where the student is unable to see how one principle connects with another.

Whether you want a follow-on course to Memoria Press’ popular Traditional Logic program, or simply an introduction to logic for high school students, this program is a valuable tool in teaching your student how to think.

Answer Key $1.95

DVDs $45.00

Logic Supplements Handbook of Christian Apologetics:

Socrates Meets Jesus: History’s Greatest

$17.99

$11.99

Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions

by Peter Kreeft & Ronald Tacelli

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Questioner Confronts the Claims of Christ

by Peter Kreeft

Classical Logic

33

Angelic

Literature is

by Martin Cothran

T

here is a sense in which literature transcends logic. Logic is limited in its access to truth by the Law of Noncontradiction:

Both “A” and “not A” cannot be true at the same time and in the same respect. Napoleon was the emperor of France or he was not; water is made of two hydrogen molecules and an oxygen molecule or it is not—in each case, both things cannot be true at the same time in the same way.

Logic is the tool of understanding, while poetics is the tool of vision. Logic indirectly brings your intellect into conformity with abstract truth. Poetics directly brings your whole soul—the intellect, will, and imagination—into contact with the concrete truth.

You can understand most things—nobility, sincerity, compassion, love—through the intellect, but such an understanding is incomplete.

Through a strictly logical approach, you only see things, so to speak, from the outside. It never involves your whole being. But when you see these concepts in the actions of a character in a novel, it grabs all of you. You perceive it with the eye of your mind and the eye of your heart—in three dimensions. You see it from the inside rather than the outside.

But poetry (and by that word I mean what it has always traditionally meant—namely, literature in the broad sense) is not limited in this way. Poetry does not violate but transcends the laws of logic. In a story, something can be something and not be something at the same

34

Logic Is Human: Literature Is Angelic

time. This is the whole power of symbolism and metaphor: one word, or one idea, or one character can be something that it is not—at the same time and in the same respect.

Logic is human; literature is angelic.

Logic is human because it requires us to go through a complex set of steps in order for us to find truth—a process our human nature requires us to go through. But literature is angelic since, like it was said to be to the angels, it is immediately and directly accessible.

Truth is immediately apprehensible through the literary object which is the thing it symbolizes.

Lewis' Aslan is not Christ, but he is; Tolkien's Galadriel is not Mary (or Eve), but she is; Fitzgerald's Gatsby is not the American dream, yet he is; Melville's Moby Dick is not nature itself (or God), but he is; Steinbeck's Pearl of the World is not mammon, but it is.

Even though it's not.

Suggested Logic Timeline 3rd-6th 7th

Solid grounding in mathematics & Latin: Great preparatory skills for logical thought.

Traditional Logic I: A study of the basic elements of simple arguments.

8th

Traditional Logic II: An advanced course that completes the study of the simple categorical syllogism, covers hypothetical syllogisms, and studies all complex argument forms.

9th

Material Logic: A study of the 10 ways something can exist, the 5 ways of saying something about something else, definition, and classification.

10th

Informal Fallacies: A study of the ways in which argumentation can go wrong so the student can avoid it himself and point it out in the reasoning of others. *Text not yet published, but online course available.

11th-12th

Classical Rhetoric: A study which incorporates logic into the broader context of persuasive communication.

*Students in 9th grade can complete both Traditional Logic books in one year. Material Logic and informal fallacies can be covered in one year in 10th grade.

www.MemoriaPress.com

Classical Rhetoric

Grades 9+

Classical Rhetoric

by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

ONLINE ACADEMY

Classical Rhetoric with Aristotle is a guided tour through the first part of the greatest single book on communication ever written: Aristotle’s Rhetoric. With questions that will help the student unlock every important aspect of the book, along with fill-in-theblank charts and analyses of great speeches, this companion text to Aristotle’s great work will send the student on a voyage of discovery from which he will return with a competent knowledge of the basic classical principles of speech and writing.

Classical Rhetoric Set + Supplements $140.00 Classical Rhetoric Set $94.95

Student Book $39.95

Answer Key $4.95

BEST BU Y!

Required Strongly recommended

DVDs $55.00

$3.50

$16.99

$29.95

What's Inside ...

How to Persuade

This is more than just a course in English or public speaking. It involves a study of the fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics, and traditional psychology. A student learns not only the elements of a political speech, but also the elements of good character; not only how to give a legal speech, but also the seven reasons people act; not only how to give a ceremonial speech, but what elicits specific emotions under particular circumstances and why.

• The three elements of speechmaking • The difference between argument and persuasion • The four uses of rhetoric • The two kinds of persuasive proof • The three kinds of persuasive speech • The three modes of persuasion • The five topics of political rhetoric • The four forms of government • The nine virtues • The five legal means of persuasion • The seven reasons people do things • The 28 lines of argument • The nine ways rhetoric goes bad

Classical Rhetoric Text

• Sample weekly plan • Clear explanation of lesson components • Easy-to-read layout • Reading questions • Figures of speech • Evaluative & analysis questions • How to Read a Book questions • Case studies from Homer, Plato, Shakespeare, Lincoln, Marc Antony, and much more!

"Our study of logic led us to use Martin Cothran’s book on rhetoric ... Our oldest finished it last month and ate it up; he wants to study constitutional law and we are very happy with the foundation he has received because of Cothran’s materials." - Kendra F.

Rhetoric Supplements Aristotle's Rhetoric

edited by Edward Corbett

$3.50 This book contains the same Rhys Roberts translation of Aristotle's Rhetoric used in Classical Rhetoric. Selected because of its clarity and simplicity, its carefully chosen terminology distinguishes this translation from all others currently available. The text is broken down into three sections, each one dealing with the speaker, the audience, and the speech.

Memoria's Classical Rhetoric studies the first two books.

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How to Read A Book: A Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading

by Mortimer Adler & Charles Van Doren

$16.99 How to Read a Book is a classic statement of the art of reading. By "art," we mean what classical thinkers meant by that term: namely, an organized, systematic method. It contains clear and useful instructions on how to determine what kind of book you are reading, the four levels of reading, and how to read different kinds of books. The author leads the student step by step through an excellent course in how to read. Through the Reading Exercises in Classical Rhetoric, all the principles learned in this book are applied directly to Aristotle's Rhetoric so students can see exactly how to use them.

Figures of Speech: 60 Ways to Turn a Phrase

by Arthur Quinn

$29.95 This is one of the cleverest books we have ever come across. It presents 60 of the most common classical figures of speech and gives examples from classic literature of each. The quotations alone (many from the KJV Bible & Shakespeare) are worth the price of the book. This book is integrated into Memoria's Classical Rhetoric program through the Figures of Speech exercises at the beginning of each chapter.

Classical Rhetoric

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Christian Studies

Grades 3-12

Christian Studies IV

A Chronological Overview of the Bible Grades 6-8

New

Christian Studies BEST BU Y!

Grades 3-6

$119.95

Christian Studies Set

(The Golden Children's Bible + Books I-III: Student & Teacher Guides)

Book I: All Major Bible Stories up to the Entry Into Canaan $17.95 $20.95

Book I Student Book Book I Teacher Manual

Book II: The Rise and Fall of Israel, the Period of the Prophets $17.95 $20.95

Book II Student Book Book II Teacher Manual

City of God

Students work through one third of The Golden Children's Bible in each year. The Student Book offers 30 lessons, each comprised of: • Weekly memory verses • Map and timeline work • Review lessons and tests every 5 lessons • Comprehension, drill, and discussion questions • References The Golden Children's Bible page numbers as well as actual Scripture references

The Teacher Manual offers: • Insight and background information for each lesson • Additional discussion, composition, or research prompts • Helpful notes for the teacher

The Golden $17.95 Children's Bible "I love the way it is written, and the pictures keep my 4-year-old's attention." - Kim This book was chosen because of its slightly simplified, but poetically appealing King James text along with its beautiful, accurate, and age-appropriate illustrations. This is important because we believe students should learn to revere the Bible as a sacred book, distinct from stories with cartoon heroes.

Christian Studies

Beta!

Grades 10-12

Book III Student Book Book III Teacher Manual

This three-year series thoughtfully guides your child through The Golden Children's Bible, teaching him/her the fundamentals of Bible stories, history, and geography, with solid detail at a manageable pace. Students do not merely skim the surface; they embark on a three-year Bible reading course that builds faith by teaching Salvation History as real history. Using these guides, your student will be well prepared for the good work of advanced Christian studies.

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Christian Studies IV Student Book Christian Studies IV Teacher Manual

Christian Studies IV takes students back through the highlights of the Bible, reviewing drill questions, Scripture memory passages, and more! This study guide can serve as a review course for Christian Studies I-III or stand alone as a survey study of the Bible. We give you the Scripture passages where the answers to the drill questions can be found so that you can read through the Bible by touching on the major stories and characters. This course is a great preparation for studying early church history in the upper school years.

Book III: All Major New Testament Stories $17.95 $20.95

$17.95 $20.95

$17.95 City of God Student Guide Beta! $20.95 City of God Teacher Guide Beta! $13.95 City of God (Ed. by Vernon J. Bourke) The City of God, arguably Augustine's greatest book, influenced Western society more powerfully than perhaps any other book except the Bible. To study the City of God is to study the source of some of Western society’s greatest and most cherished beliefs. The book serves as the cultural fountainhead of all that followed, and it is unlikely that it will ever be equaled. The study guide aids students in comprehending Augustine's masterpiece. The teacher guide contains helpful chapter summarizations as well as a thorough introduction to teaching this course effectively.

Don't let your students miss the study of this influential book that helped to shape some of the most important intellectual, theological, and political issues of the Western world that are just as relevant today as 1,500 years ago.

Christian Studies Suggested Timeline Grade 3rd +

Program Christian Studies I: a study of all major Bible stories in the Torah using The

Golden Children's Bible

4th +

Christian Studies II: a study of the rise and fall of Israel and the prophets

5th +

Christian Studies III: a study of all major Bible stories in the New Testament

6th +

Christian Studies IV: an overview of the entire Bible, reviewing stories, drill

7th +

The Ancient World (Dorothy Mills): a study of the ancient religions

8th +

Eusebius, Early Christian Writings, and the Book of Acts: a

10th +

City of God: an in-depth study of Augustine's masterpiece

of the Old Testament using The Golden Children's Bible

(with a concentration on the Gospels) using The Golden Children's Bible

facts, and Scripture learned in Christian Studies I-III

of the Egyptians, Hittites, Phoenicians, Babylonians, and Assyrians to the revelation of Yahweh to the Hebrew people

study of early Christian history taught through primary sources written by Luke, Ignatius, Clement, Eusebius, and more

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Grades 3-8

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths Grades 3-8

$45.95 Greek Myths Set (Student, Teacher, Text)

$18.95 Greek Myths Text $17.95 Greek Myths Student Guide $17.95 Greek Myths Teacher Guide

This is an ideal beginning book for your child’s classical education journey, regardless of age!

Superbly written and illustrated, this classic introduces timeless tales that have enchanted people for thousands of years. Because they are everywhere in Western art and literature, Greek myths are the essential background for a classical education. You can hardly read Shakespeare without them!

ONLINE ACADEMY

Each of the 30 lessons in the Student Guide presents important facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and a picture review and activities section. It also points out the many references to Greek mythology in the modern world.

Famous Men Study Guides: The Famous Men study guides include famous quotes, key people and places, vocabulary words, comprehension questions, and activities that include mapwork, discussion questions, and research projects. These programs also come with an appendix of supplements, including ancient maps, timelines, drill questions, and drawing pages.

BEST BU Y!

Famous Men Set $39.95

(Rome, the Middle Ages, Greece, or Modern Times)

Textbook $16.95 New

Student Guide $17.95

Teacher Guide $17.95

Classical Studies Flashcards: $12.95 ea. Choose from: Greek Myths, Greece,

Rome, or the Middle Ages

Our new flashcard sets will enable your child to memorize and master the basic facts about Greece, Rome, and the Middle Ages, as well as Greek mythology. Keyed to our study guides, each set has 100 cards, each with an important fact. On one side is the question, and on the other is the answer. Your student will quickly master all the basic knowledge needed for advanced study in classical studies.

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Classical Studies Famous Men of Rome Grades 4-8

Famous Men of Rome is ideal for beginners of all ages who are fascinated by the action and drama of Rome.

ONLINE Inside are 30 stories, covering all of ancient Rome’s ACADEMY history, from its founding to its demise. Your child will witness the rise and fall of a great civilization through the lives of larger-than-life figures. *To upgrade your old copy of this book to the new color edition, contact us at 877-862-1097.

Famous Men of the Middle Ages Grades 5-8

The story of the Middle Ages is told through the lives of Attila the Hun, Charlemagne, William the Conqueror, ONLINE Edward the Black Prince, and Joan of Arc, among ACADEMY others. This course guides students through the turbulent “dark age” of history and illustrates the transition from the end of ancient times to the birth of the modern era.

(A perfect precursor to Famous Men of Modern Times.)

Famous Men of Greece Grades 5-8

If the Romans were history’s great men of action, the Greeks were history’s great men of thought. Dive into the ONLINE lives and minds of thirty-two famous Greeks ACADEMY through stories detailing the rise, Golden Age, and fall of Greece. The triumphs of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Ulysses, Pericles, Alexander the Great, and many others will enable your students to understand why the scope of Greek accomplishment is still known today as “The Greek Miracle.”

Famous Men of Modern Times Grades 6-8

Modern history—history, that is, after the fall of Constantinople in 1453—can sometimes seem like a confusing jumble ONLINE of unrelated events. As a result, many curricula ACADEMY needlessly avoid this exciting period of history.

Memoria Press’ Famous Men of Modern Times will bring the events of the last 500 years to life. These stories provide great insight into the foundations of the modern world. Balanced and well-written, with many interesting details and beautiful color illustrations, Famous Men of Modern Times is perhaps Haaran and Poland’s best work.

Classical Studies

37

Classical Studies

Grades 6+

The Trojan War

The Divine Comedy

Grades 6-8

The best preparation we have found for reading Homer, this study guide set was written to be used with Olivia Coolidge's The Trojan War, our favorite retelling of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. Each study guide lesson has reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and an enrichment section that includes extra discussion topics, writing projects, art, and map work. After studying The Trojan War with our study guide, your student will know Homer's main characters, the gods and goddesses, and the main storyline of the Iliad and Odyssey. $24.90 $11.95 $12.95 $6.95

The Trojan War Set (Student Guide & Teacher Guide) The Trojan War Student Guide The Trojan War Teacher Guide The Trojan War (Olivia Coolidge)

The Iliad and the Odyssey Grades 7+

Western civilization begins with the Iliad and Odyssey. This study guide includes both of Homer's books within one guide, based on the Samuel Butler translation.

This is a perfect place to start your study of the Great Books. Our Teacher Guide has the student pages inset with the answers, and each lesson has teacher notes around the inset student pages, giving the teacher all the background information needed to teach these books. This study guide will help bring Homer’s great works alive for your student. $33.90 $16.95 $16.95 $19.95

Iliad & Odyssey Set (Student Guide & Teacher Guide) Iliad & Odyssey Student Guide Iliad & Odyssey Teacher Guide Iliad & Odyssey (Samuel Butler translation)

The Aeneid

Grades 8+

There are three works that are at the source of Western culture: the Iliad, the Odyssey, and the Aeneid. After you have completed your study of Homer, the Aeneid is your next logical Great Book to study. Virgil's epic story of the founding of Rome will come alive when read with the help of our study guide as you continue your quest to master the classics. After reading Homer and Virgil, your students will have completed their first big step on the road to being classically educated! This is a great preparation for Latin AP Virgil also. $16.95 The Aeneid Student Guide $16.95 The Aeneid Teacher Guide $12.00 The Aeneid (David West translation)

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Classical Studies

Grades 10+

Upon the literary foundation of the West laid by the hands of Homer and Virgil sits a cathedral. That cathedral is Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. One of the crown jewels of both Western and Christian literature, the Comedy is an epic, allegorical poem accounting Dante’s spiritual journey of redemption that takes him through the pit of Hell (the Inferno) to the Beatific Vision of God (the Paradiso). The Comedy is necessary to any classical curriculum, for it is the union of two traditions, both Christian and classical. Let us be a Virgil (Dante’s guide in the Comedy) as we help guide your older student with helpful study questions, reading notes for difficult lines, and tests and quizzes for mastery. Let us also introduce your student to a great book meant to be read for a lifetime. $16.95 Divine Comedy Student Guide $16.95 Divine Comedy Teacher Guide $20.00 The Divine Comedy (John Ciardi translation)

New

Dorothy Mills Histories Grades 6+

The Book of the Ancient World The Book of the Ancient Greeks The Book of the Ancient Romans Beta!

The Middle Ages Beta!

Dorothy Mills wrote some wonderful history books in the 1920s that Memoria Press is proud to bring back into publication—with added illustrations! One invaluable feature of these books is their use of primary sources from some of history’s major writers such as Herodotus, Aeschylus, Thucydides, Homer, Cicero, Plutarch, Livy, and more. This makes them a great preparation for reading these authors in high school.

We wrote study guides to go with Mills' books so that you can have a total classical history curriculum in the middle and/or high school years (see Classical Studies Map on next page). Our study guides contain reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, enrichment activities, maps, and tests. $39.95 Complete Set

(Choose one: Ancient World, Ancient Greeks, Ancient Romans)

$17.95 Student Guide (each) $17.95 Teacher Guide (each) $16.95 Text (each)

www.MemoriaPress.com

Classical Studies Map

memoria press recommended curriculum agenda If you don't begin your classical education until middle or high school, it is never too late! We would suggest that you start with Year 5 of our Classical Studies Map and move forward from there. Before beginning your study of the classics, it is always helpful if your student has a basic knowledge of Greek mythology (D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths [p. 37]) and has read a retelling of the Trojan War (Olivia Coolidge's The Trojan War [p. 38]).

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Year 6

Year 7

The Iliad & the Odyssey

The Aeneid

The Divine Comedy

Book of the Ancient Romans

City of God

The History of the Church

Ten Plays by Euripides

Famous Men of Greece

The Trojan War The Book of the Ancient World

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

Famous Men of Rome

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

BETA testing now!

Horatius at the Bridge The Book of Ancient Greece

Ancient Civilization Wall Maps $35.00 $19.95

For All Ages!

Large Wall Maps (24'' x 33'') Small Wall Maps (11'' x 17'')

Make the ancient civilization stories come alive on your classroom walls.

These color wall maps are perfect for any classical education classroom.

Each set includes individual maps of Greece, Italy, the City of Rome, and the Roman Empire. These maps contain all the hot spots in the classical world, including the famous cities, countries, rivers, lakes, mountains, and oceans.

Early Christian Writings

The Oresteia

Gospel of Mark Three Theban Plays

Introduction to Classical Studies Guide

(Guide only)

$24.95

Grades 3-6

Your passport to a classical education, this course is based on the teaching and classroom experience of Cheryl Lowe's cottage school classes. Designed for use with D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths, Famous Men of Rome, and The Golden Children's Bible, this guide will show you how to teach, learn, and master the stories that are fundamental to a classical education. The guide contains a three-year reading plan.

$77.80 Introduction to Classical Studies Set (Intro. to Classical Studies Guide,

Horatius at the Bridge:

All-in-one Poem Study Guide & Test Grades 6+

$14.95

Our study guide contains the complete text and a comprehensive study guide, including glossed vocabulary, maps, character and plot synopses, meter, comprehension questions, teaching guidelines, and a test. It takes about 15 minutes for a student to recite this ballad from memory, and this year fourteen 6th graders at Highlands Latin School won the Winston Churchill Award for performing this amazing feat.

Famous Men of Rome text, D'Aulaires' Greek Myths book, The Golden Children's Bible)

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Classical Studies

39

reason #1

The Top 10 Reasons by Cheryl Lowe

t

he power of the word classic cannot be underestimated, communicating as it does the idea of excellence, truth, order, discipline, and beauty.

t

he word "classic" brings to mind something that has withstood the test of time, and by virtue of this fact, participates in some way in the timeless and the eternal. And what is the only thing we know of with these attributes but God and His Eternal Word?

When looked at this way, every Christian should want a classical education for their children: It has everything we instinctively want. but when we examine this word "classic," we find that there is one, and only one, civilization in all of human history that we call classic—the classical civilization of Greece and Rome, the world that Christ was born into, which was not Christian, but pagan. And there are two, and only two, languages that we call classical: Latin and ancient Greek. And furthermore, the original classics, the real classics you might say, were the works written in these languages

by Homer, Plato, Vergil, and Cicero—non-Christians all; and this is what we mean by pagan literature.

So now we have a conundrum. Why do we have to read these pagan classics? After all, they did not know the true God. Their works are full of references to their own false gods. Hasn’t all of the ancient wisdom been surpassed anyway? Isn’t it all out of date? Why can’t we just read modern classics like The Great Gatsby or Huckleberry Finn? Why not read the Bible and good books written by Christians—modern classics?

40

Why Christians Should Read the Pagan Classics

Looking for justification, then, we have latched onto the Biblical metaphor, “spoiling the Egyptians,” given to us by no less a personage than St. Augustine himself.

Like the Israelites who grabbed some Egyptian gold on their flight from Egypt, we Christians too can grab some useful tidbits from those pagans. They got some things right, and since all truth is God’s truth, it belongs to us Christians anyway—or so the argument goes.

This version hardly does justice to the riches of classical wisdom and, what is worse, many classical Christian educators use the pagan classics mostly to emphasize their errors, rather than mine them for their gold. All of this leads the thoughtful Christian educator to ask again why we are reading these classics in the first place. We can find plenty of bad examples in the modern world.

Obviously this approach to the pagan classics is weak and wholely inadequate to sustain, much less advance, the classical Christian education movement. We need to give our parents and teachers a robust rationale for why we study the pagan writers, and we need to give them, in addition, the knowledge and tools they need to understand and recognize their significance.

What I hope to show is that the pagan classics provide the foundation for all human knowledge and that, without them, we have no hope of making sense of history or our modern world. The pagan classics are

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the creature made in God's image), and for apparently the indispensible foundation of a classical education no reason other than that modernism spurns the and, what is more, they provide the key to unlocking restrictions of truth. This pattern, morever, illustrates the errors of modernism. For the Greeks did more than why a careful reading of the pagan classics is so get some things right; they asked all of the important important for a classical education that aspires to give a questions and either gave us the right answers or laid firm foundation in wisdom and truth. the foundation upon which answers could be found.

De Architectura, written by Vitruvius around 15 B.C. It is not too much to say that the providence of God and dedicated to the emperor Caesar Augustus, is the prepared two sources of light—one human and one only work on architecture that has survived from the divine—and both are needed to defend and preserve ancient world. Vitruvius was a Roman and, like all our civilization and our faith. of the Romans, his work was not especially original, As with my top ten reasons for studying Latin, I have but rather based on the Greeks. De Architectura was a assembled my top ten reasons for reading the pagan compilation of Greek principles and classics. For each of these ten points, Roman engineering, accompanied I will give a reading assignment, Reading Assignment: by his detailed drawings, which usually a Greek or Roman classic (in Your first assignment, while not really unfortunately have been lost. translation). While I advocate learning a "reading" assignment, is to begin Vitruvius’ second life began after he the classical languages themselves, I to pay attention to architecture, and was rediscovered in the Renaissance, also believe we should take advantage if you are doing any remodeling or where he became the authority on of the good English translations we have building, find an architect with classical all things architectural, rather as today and start these classics early in the training (unfortunately not an easy Aristotle was considered the authority education of our children and ourselves. task). And if your child is interested on everything else. De Architectura Of all of the points that I will in architecture, the only architecture became the basis for the second make, this is the easiest to understand school I know of that still emphasizes most influential architecture book in because it is so visible: we see its classical principles is Notre Dame. history, The Four Books of Architecture evidence every day. The power and

by Andrea Palladio, published in 1570. beauty of classical architecture is Palladio (as in Palladian windows) everywhere, from grand buildings called Vitruvius his master. Palladio went to Rome, like our Supreme Court to our humble everyday studied the remnants of Roman architecture, studied homes. The Greeks discovered the proportions that Vitruvius, and thereafter designed churches, villas, are most pleasing to the human eye which, they tell us, palaces, and other public buildings, all in Venice. are based on nature’s greatest work of art: the human When he published his great work on architecture, body. Scale, mass, proportion, and symmetry—the his principles of neoclassical design spread all principles of classical architecture—were worked over Europe and the New World and have had out by the Greeks in great detail and built upon in immeasurable impact over the last 500 years. Thomas succeeding generations. They still apply today, and Jefferson called Palladio’s book his bible. You can see regardless of the style of architecture—whether you the influence of classical architecture everywhere in are building a farmhouse or a church—these ratios will this country (the White House, the Capitol, Thomas be the most pleasing to the human eye, and observing Jefferson’s Monticello and his design for UVA), and the principles first laid down by the Greeks will indeed throughout the whole world. In fact, one of ensure that your building will be most beautiful. The the world’s most famous drawings, Vitruvian Man (on principles of classical architecture can be applied to any the facing page), was created by Leonardo da Vinci to style, whether Tudor, Cape Cod, or Asian pagoda. replace Vitruvius’ original lost drawing. The drawing The principles are true, and they have never illustrates the insight of the Greeks that the proportions been overturned. Today, they are mostly ignored, that are most pleasing to the human eye are based on which is why we have such ugly buildings. Modern nature’s greatest work of art, the human body. architecture, for the most part, is soulless because it Is there a pattern here? I think so. God is the has rejected the principles of classical architecture— creative mind; the Greeks studied His book of nature, not because they are untrue, and not because they and we study the Greeks. In the providence of God, are outdated, but for no reason other than that they that appears to be His plan. Whether we realize it perhaps are inconvenient. This, I submit, is the pattern or not, when we study the Greeks, we are, if only that applies to all of the errors of modernism—a pattern indirectly, studying the mind of God. of a wholesale rejection, not only of divine wisdom (we know that), but also of human wisdom (the wisdom of

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Why Christians Should Read the Pagan Classics

41

Science

Grades 3-8

Book of Astronomy

What's That Bird?

Beta!

Grades 5+

Grades 3+

This astronomy program covers stars, constellations, and the motion of the earth, as well as the sky as seen throughout all the seasons, including the "Summer Triangle" and seasonal zodiacs. This program was developed with third graders in mind, but it is also great for older students! $31.90 Complete Set (Student & Teacher) $14.95 Astronomy Student Guide $16.95 Astronomy Teacher Guide

What's That Bird? teaches students about birds, their anatomy, and how they live. The workbook includes facts to know, comprehension questions, and characteristics of individual birds. Students will learn about 30 common birds, as well as several incredible birds! $48.00 What's That Bird? Set (Student, Teacher, What's That Bird?,

Book of Insects Grades 4+

$11.95 $12.95 $14.95 $5.95 $7.95

Peterson Birds Guide, Peterson Birds Coloring Book)

What's That Bird? Student Guide What's That Bird? Teacher Key What's That Bird?: A Beginner's Guide to Backyard Birding Peterson First Guide: Birds Peterson Field Guide Color-In Book: Birds

This set includes a classic reader that takes a narrative approach to the life of insects and a workbook that takes your student through the different kinds of insects. $45.00 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $5.95

Complete Set (Student, Teacher, Reader, & Peterson Guide) Book of Insects Workbook Book of Insects Teacher Key Book of Insects Peterson First Guide: Insects

Exploring the History of Medicine Turn this Birds Unit Study into a full-year science course with the addition of John Tiner's Exploring the History of Medicine. $65.00 What's That Bird? Set + Exploring the History of

$13.99 $5.00

The Story of the World

Medicine + Exploring the History of Medicine Quizzes, Reviews, and Tests Exploring the History of Medicine Exploring the History of Medicine Quizzes, Reviews, and Tests

by Susan Wise Bauer

New supplement to the Memoria Press Classical Core Curriculum! (pp. 8-9) We have always been fans of Susan Wise Bauer's Story of the World series, but we never seemed able to find room for it in our curriculum in the past. We recently came up with the great idea of adding it as a supplement to our Classical Core packages (pp. 8-9) for summer reading! So, we have decided to recommend that our Classical Core students read through Volume 1 in the summer before they begin 4th grade, Volume 2 before 5th grade, Volume 3 before 6th grade, and Volume 4 before 7th grade. Each volume fits perfectly as an overview to the time period students will be studying in the coming year (either in Classical or American/Modern Studies).

The Story of the World has won numerous awards and continues to stand out as a top pick for homeschoolers. These books make a great addition to any classroom!

New

Grades 1-8 Vol. 1

Vol. 2

Vol. 3

Vol. 4

$16.95 ea. (paperback only) Volume 1: Ancient Times From the Earliest Nomads to the Last Roman Emperor Volume 2: The Middle Ages From the Fall of Rome to the Rise of the Renaissance Volume 3: Early Modern Times From Elizabeth the First to the Forty-Niners Volume 4: The Modern Age From Victoria's Empire to the End of the USSR

42

Science & Story of the World

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American/Modern Studies

Grades 3-8

Beta!

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic Grades 5-8

We have looked, and we cannot find an American history study on a grammar school level that we think rivals H. A. Guerber's 2-volume American history set from the turn of the 20th century. So, rather than settle for lesser quality, we have combined Guerber's The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Story of the Great Republic into one edited volume that makes it a perfect one-year survey of American history for the middle school years.

NEW! Our new study guide for this course includes

important facts, vocabulary, and comprehension questions for each chapter, as well as enrichment activities such as mapwork, drawings, research, writing assignments, and more!

States & Capitals Grades 3-6

This study guide thoroughly teaches the states and capitals of the United States.

Each state is given a 2-page spread that includes a map with room to write the state capital, nickname, abbreviation, and fun facts about the state. By the end of this year-long course, students will be able to label all 50 states on a U.S. map (with the capitals). Thorough teaching instructions are included, and there is a teacher key available with tests. We recommend that this guide be used with Don’t Know Much About the 50 States. $30.00 $11.95 $12.95 $7.99

Complete Set (student, teacher, Don't Know Much About the 50 States) States & Capitals Student Guide States & Capitals Teacher Guide Don't Know Much About the 50 States

Geography

The Middle East, North Africa, and Europe

$16.95 Text $17.95 Student Study Guide $17.95 Teacher Guide Note: The 200 Questions About American History Guide is now included in the Guerber study guide or may be purchased separately for $14.95.

The Artner Reader's Guide to American History Grades 3-8

The Artners have read and researched, selected and catalogued, the best of children’s American history books—both in and out of print. There is no chaff to sift through here. When you read their descriptions of some of the great writers of American history for children, you will be as excited as we were.

Grades 4+

A unique geography program designed for students pursuing a classical education, Geography of the Middle East, North Africa, and Europe covers the area that constituted the ancient Roman Empire. Each region is explored in its historical context in “History’s Headlines” as well as in the present in “Tour of Today.” Your student will learn countries and capitals of today and relate them to the ancient lands of the Greeks and Romans, deepening his understanding of both the past and the present. $14.95 Geography I Text $11.95 Geography I Workbook $12.95 Geography I Teacher Guide

The United States

$23.90 Set (Artner Guide + Everything You Need to Know

About American History Homework)

Grades 3-8

This book is a desk reference guide that provides charts, maps, timelines, and short summaries of important facts about American history. It makes a perfect companion alongside Guerber’s The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic. It is a valuable resource for American history throughout your school years. $9.99

Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

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New

Review of Memoria Press' States & Capitals (shown above)

$14.95 Artner Reader's Guide to American History

Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

New

Grades 4+

This study guide will help students retain the knowledge they gained in their study of States & Capitals by reviewing each region of the U.S. four times throughout the school year. This review takes very little time and makes a great companion to Geography: The Middle East, North Africa, and Europe. $5.00 $7.95 New

United States Student Workbook United States Teacher Key, Quizzes, & Tests

$48.00

Complete Geography Set (Geography I Text, Workbook, and Teacher Guide + United States Review Workbook & Teacher Key)

American/Modern Studies

43

T

he National Latin Exam, sponsored by the American Classical League and National Junior Classical League, is an international competition for middle and high school Latin students. Each exam consists of forty multiple choice questions over Latin grammar, vocabulary, translation, English derivatives, and the history, geography, Highlands Latin School, Louisville, KY and culture of Greece and Rome.

NLE silver medal winners There is an Intro. Exam for middle school students and Exams I-IV that generally correspond to the four years of high school. Students who score above the national average are given awards; certificates and ribbons for the Intro. level, and certificates and gold and silver medals for levels I-IV. The exam is given the first full week in March. The syllabus for the different level and practice exams can be found on the NLE website: nle.org.

At Highlands Latin, we devote two weeks to test preparation for all students who are in Second Form Latin or higher. Students who earn four gold medals on Levels I-IV Exams are awarded an Oxford Classical Dictionary and are also eligible to apply for a $1000 renewable college scholarship awarded by the American Classical League.

This year, fifty-four HLS students earned gold medals and twenty-one earned silver medals. Three students have now earned four gold medals, two sophomores and a senior.

Congratulations to HLS and HLS affiliate schools whose students participated in the National Latin Exam!

HLS Louisville Quick Facts

171

Students Participated

54

Golds

21

Silvers

6

Perfect Scores

84%

Received Awards

Highlands Latin School, Louisville, KY NLE gold medal winners

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Highlands Latin School, Indianapolis, IN From left to right: Luke Haskins (Gold), Sean Tharp (Silver), Aaron Tharp (Silver), Brooke Wydo (Magna Cum Laude), Jake Hibbitt (Silver), Anna Russell (Cum Laude), Gina Solomito (Gold)

Highlands Latin School, Indianapolis, IN From left to right: (top) Adalyn DeWitt, Alyssa Couch, Anna Martin, Shannon Couch (bottom) Kristen Marshall, Zoe Pohl, Carl Pohl

Lexington Latin School From left to right: (top) Sam Wyse, Sebastian Bradley (Outstanding Achievement), Anna Byrd, Aimee Karbo (bottom) Lukas Vittos, Keylea Brothers

Auburn Classical Academy From left to right: Thomas Snead, Jackson Aldridge, Margaret Tucker, and Sophie May

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Passing on the culture of the Christian West ...

CLSA Partner Schools ...

Highlands Latin School Louisville, KY

www.thelatinschool.org 2800 Frankfort Ave., Louisville, KY 40206 502-895-5333 admissions@thelatinschool.org

Indianapolis, IN

www.indylatinschool.org 1010 E. 126th Street, Carmel, IN 46033 317-519-5501 jhuston@thelatinschool.org

Paducah, KY

www.thelatinschool.org/aboutus/hlspaducah 701 Broadway, Paducah, KY 42001 270-519-7708 jessica@thelatinschool.org.

Lexington Latin School

www.thelexingtonlatinschool.com 483 W. Reynolds Road, Lexington, KY 40503 859-223-1927 jeanniedavis@lexingtonlatinschool.com

Auburn Classical Academy

www.auburnclassicalacademy.com 445 Shelton Mill Road, Auburn, AL 36830 334-821-7081

Gulf Pointe Academy

www.gulfpointeacademy.com 8851 Navarre Parkway, Navarre, FL 32566 850-547-6729

The Pharr Oratory & the Oratory Athenaeum

www.oratoryschools.org 1407 W. Moore Rd., Pharr, TX 78577-6700 956-781-3056

The Newman Institute of the Oratory www.oratoryschools.org Nogales 305 Colonia Jardín C.P. 88670 Cd. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico 01 (899) 925-2223

High Country Latin School

www.highcountrylatinschool.org, Anza Community Hall, 56630 Hwy 371, Anza, CA 92539 951-760-1732 ybarw1@gmail.com

Highland Rim Academy

www.highlandrimacademy.org P.O. Box 3022, Cookeville, TN 38502 931-526-4472 info@highlandrimacademy.org

St. John's Academy

www.stjohnsacademy.com 1533 Wildwood Dr., St. Augustine, FL 32086 904-824-9224 wbrooks@stjohnsacademy.com

classical

Latin School a s s o c i a t i o n www.ClassicalLatin.org The Classical Latin School Association (CLSA) is an association of elementary and secondary schools working to promote the transmission of the culture of the Christian West to the next generation through the Classical Core CurriculumTM, which focuses on history, literature, and the great ideas, with an emphasis on basic skills and the liberal arts and a special emphasis on the study of Latin.

Through teacher training, online assistance, school accreditation, and help in marketing classical education in their communities, CLSA offers a way for schools to succeed by helping to ensure a well-trained staff, easily accessible curriculum assistance, greater community awarenesss of what they have to offer, and a way to internally document their viability as an academically successful classical Christian school. Through accreditation, schools hold themselves externally accountable and verify to their communities of families that they are offering their students a superior classical Christian education. ✓✓ Professional development services providing on and off-site training for teachers, staffs, and directors ✓✓ Online student/teacher resources ✓✓ Assistance in increasing online exposure for your school ✓✓ Assistance with marketing your school in your community ✓✓ Assistance with education resources ✓✓ School accreditation

Interested in joining the CLSA? www.ClassicalLatin.org 502-855-4830 director@ClassicalLatin.org

For a complete list of schools, go to www.ClassicalLatin.org

46

Classical Latin School Association

www.ClassicalLatin.org

French

Grades 5-8

First Start French

Introduction to the French language

by Danielle Schultz Modeled after the Latina Christiana format, each of the lessons covers 10-15 vocabulary words, a French saying or proverb, a grammar form, and a short dialogue in French. Your students will practice conversation, reading and translation, and are introduced to French culture. The Teacher Manual helps keep you ahead of your student while quizzes and answer keys make it easy to check progress. A pronunciation guide and CD recording are also available.

First Start French

First Start French

Pronunciation

Pronunciation

cd

cd

$39.95 $17.50 $17.50 $4.95

French I Set (Student, Teacher, & CD) FS French I Student Book FS French I Teacher Manual FS French I Pronunciation CD

$39.95 $17.50 $17.50 $4.95

French II Set (Student, Teacher, & CD) FS French II Student Book FS French II Teacher Manual FS French II Pronunciation CD

"Having homeschooled my children for ten years now, I rarely get excited about new homeschool curricula anymore ... I'm placing First Start French high on my list of curricula to recommend to new and veteran homeschoolers ... "

Teacher Manual Sample Page

- Heather Jackowitz, The Old Schoolhouse Magazine

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