The Classical Teacher - Late Summer 2012

Saving Western civilization one student at a time ...

Late

Summer 2012

Memoria Press

Home of the Classical Core Curriculum www.MemoriaPress.com

letter from the

Editor

by Martin Cothran

esponsible mothers once admonished

their children to refuse to take candy from people they didn’t know. But the great danger to children today is not candy being offered by strangers they have been warned against, but moral advice being offered by experts we have all been told to trust.

A couple of years ago, the now former governor of California was caught in a scandal involving a member of his house staff, an event which caused television news programs to look for explanations in all the wrong places.

CNN's Anderson Cooper, following the current custom, called in "Dr. Drew," a TV psychologist, whom he pressed for an explanation. Dr. Drew, who has never actually had the governor as a patient, was in no doubt as to the diagnosis.

It was a "classic case," he said, of "Love Addiction."

Now I don't know how they select the names for diseases in psychology, but I'm thinking that there should probably be some requirement that the name of a psychological malady not sound like the title of a hit song for K. C. and the Sunshine Band.

We witnessed the descent of psychology into disco diagnosis even before this, when TV psychologists diagnosed golf prodigy Tiger Woods with a similar affliction. Woods gladly acquiesced, of course, since it was better to have a disease than to commit a moral failure.

Our entire culture is trying to shift behavior from the voluntary, where we are responsible moral agents, to the involuntary, where we are merely amoral spectators—and sometimes victims—of our own behavior.

Where once we called in the priest or minister, we now call in the doctor.

You don't hold sick people responsible for behavior that results from their disease. You let them take leaves of absence so they can go find "professionals," pay them lots of money, and have scientific-sounding acronyms affixed to their actions—another case of AOD: Acronym Obsession Disorder.

Classical Christian thinkers would have had none of this.

Some of them would have read Aristotle and would have seen immediately what was going on.

2

In his book Rhetoric, Aristotle discusses the seven reasons people do things. These reasons fall into two classes: 1. involuntary actions (nature, chance, and compulsion), over which we have no power.

2. voluntary actions (habit, rational craving, anger, and appetite), over which we do have power.

For Schwarzenegger and Woods, the problem was clearly related to appetite, an action very much under their control.

Even Dr. Drew acknowledged what we all really know by managing at one and the same time to excuse Schwarzenegger for his behavior by diagnosing him with "Love Addiction," and reminding his audience that this didn't make what he did "okay."

But this makes no sense. You don’t deal with sin by going into rehab.

The same thing happened with Congressman Anthony Wiener: He was at once excused by his psychological diagnosis and ostracized for his moral failure. But could you be kicked out of Congress for contracting cancer? Could you be booted from the Beltway for getting bacterial pneumonia?

Would you be forced to flee from Washington when you’ve been found to have fibromyalgia?

We all know deep down—as the ancients and medievals knew consciously—that some behavior is, of its nature, voluntary—and that voluntary behavior has moral implications.

Christianity was at one with classical thought in the belief that we are creatures with a moral purpose consonant with our nature. To fail to live up to nature that had been created in us—what the Bible calls the “image of God”— was to fall morally short.

We need to learn to speak the language of morality once again. We need to say—and teach our children to say—“This is right” and “This is wrong.” Not only would it be the right thing to do, but it would have the added virtue of angering the Dr. Drews of the world.

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THE CLASSICAL TEACHER

CONTENTS

Late Summer 2012

FEATURED ARTICLES

LOGIC & RHETORIC

2 12 22 28 34

Letter From the Editor by Martin Cothran Man and Men by Martin Cothran What Is Virtue? by Andrew Kern How to Teach Virtue by William Kilpatrick The Difference Between Books About Logic & Logic Books by Martin Cothran 40 Why Should Christians Read the Pagan Classics?

Reason #2: Virtue by Cheryl Lowe

Classical Core Curriculum 4

Curriculum Packages New!

4 8 24 42

Junior Kindergarten Curriculum Package New! Grammar School Curriculum Map (A Yearly Outlook) Memoria Press Curriculum Map Classical Core Supplement (Story of the World) New!

Jr. Kindergarten - 6th Grade

Everything you need for one year + daily/weekly lesson plans!

Memoria Press Copybooks Alphabet Wall Charts (Available in cursive & manuscript) The Alphabet Book & The Numbers Book New! First Start Reading & Classical Phonics New American Cursive I, II, & III

Grammar for the Grammar Stage, Latina Christiana Review Worksheets (NEW), Latin Grammar Wall Charts, Ludere Latine I & II, Roots of English, Lingua Angelica I-II, Lingua Biblica, and Prima Latina Copybook (NEW)

Grades 5+ Grades 5-8

science 42 Astronomy New! 42 Book of Insects New! 42 What's That Bird? New!

Publisher | Cheryl Lowe Editor | Martin Cothran Managing Editor | Tanya Charlton Copy Editor | Jennifer Farrior Graphic Designer | Karah Force

(Grades 9-12)

Aristotle's Rhetoric, Figures of Speech, and How to Read a Book

CLASSICAL Studies 37 D’Aulaires’ Greek Myths 37 Famous Men Series

Grades 3-8 Grades 3-8

38 The Trojan War 38 The Iliad & the Odyssey 38 Dorothy Mills Histories New! 38 38 39 39

Grades 6-8 Grades 7+ Grades 6+

Ancient World, Ancient Greeks, and Ancient Romans Beta!

The Aeneid Grades 8+ The Divine Comedy Grades 10+ Classical Studies Map: A year-by-year outlook Classical Studies Supplements: Ancient Civilization Wall Maps, Horatius at the Bridge, and Introduction to Classical Studies Guide

Grades 3-8 Grades 10-12

American / Modern

Grades 1-7 Grades 4-12

Prima Latina Grades 1-4 Latina Christiana Grades 3-6 First Form Latin Series Grades 5-12 Henle Latin Series Grades 8-12 Latin Supplements: Book of Roots, Latin Copybook Cursive, Latin

12 Greek Alphabet Book New! 47 First Start French I & II

Handbook of Christian Apologetics, Socrates Meets Jesus

33 Classical Rhetoric 33 Rhetoric Supplements:

36 Christian Studies I-IV 36 The City of God Beta!

LATIN, Greek, & French 16 17 18 20 21

(Grades 9-12)

CHRISTIAN Studies

literature & Writing 10 Literature Study Guides 15 Classical Composition New!

(Grades 7-12)

Rome, Greece, the Middle Ages, and Modern Times

Primary Years 4 4 5 6 7

32 Traditional Logic I & II 32 Aristotle's Material Logic 32 Logic Supplements:

43 The Story of the Thirteen Colonies 43 43 43 43

& the Great Republic 200 Questions About American History States & Capitals Artner Reader's Guide (American History) Geography New!

Grades 5-8 Grades 5-8 Grades 3-6 Grades 3-8 Grades 4+

Middle East, North Africa, Europe

43 United States Review New!

Grades 4+

OTHER 26 30 44 46

Memoria Press Online Academy Enroll Today!

Liberal Arts Supplements Memoria Press Conference: 2012 Highlights Classical Latin School Association (CLSA) New!

ONLINE ACADEMY

Grades 3+ Grades 4+ Grades 5+

MEMORIA PRESS 4603 Poplar Level Road Louisville, KY 40213

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© Copyright 2012 (all rights reserved)

ONLINE ACADEMY

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$140

Our highly acclaimed programs, based on years of research and experience, include all the books, materials, and core subjects you need to give your child the best education possible.

The Curriculum Manual contains complete daily lesson plans for a year. It also serves as a teacher's manual with tips and guidelines that will help your child become a thoughtful, discerning student.

What makes our primary curricula "classical"? We have assembled quality prose, poetry, illustrations, classical paintings, and classical music. We have also suggested a quality read-aloud book (sold separately) for you to read to your child each week. Our goal is to expose children to the beautiful and the good at an early age, so they will not be satisfied with less as they grow and mature in their education. In third grade, students actually begin classical history (p. 8), which they will study alongside Latin throughout their school years.

Another important component of the classical model is structure and repetition to ensure mastery in all subject areas.

Memoria Press has carefully chosen books that naturally follow these concepts.

It is never too early to begin classically educating your child.

We have been classically educating children for years. Now we want to help you give your child a quality education and a discerning mind, presented from a Christian perspective.

New

Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum $140

Jr. Kindergarten Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$45 $30

Jr. Kindergarten Consumable Set (for additional students) Jr. Kindergarten Lesson Plans for One Year (sample right)

• Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Counting With Numbers • Going on Eagerly • Prayers for Children • Tomie dePaola's Mother Goose • Big Thoughts for Little People (Devotional) • Hailstones and Halibut Bones (Poetry) • Memoria Press Manuscript Wall Charts

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $340.00 Jr. Kindergarten Supplemental Read-Aloud Set

Individual Primary Programs Composition & Sketchbook $7.95

Memoria Press Copybooks

by Leigh Lowe & Cheryl Lowe $39.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95

(K-2nd Grades)

Copybook Set (Copybooks I-III) Copybook I (manuscript) Copybook II (manuscript) Copybook III (manuscript) Copybook Cursive (Copybook III in New American Cursive font)

These three-in-one wonders include memory passages, copybook exercises, and drawing pages. We have selected scripture from the King James Bible and classic children’s poems, such as those by Robert Louis Stevenson, which describe the world in charming detail. Our copybooks introduce basic strokes and margin/spacing guidelines, along with alphabet practice pages with traceable characters and instructions for difficult letters.

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Classical Core Curriculum Packages

For primary students who have gained skill and confidence in writing. Allows each student to write and illustrate compositions. Each writing page has a fullpage illustration box on the facing page.

Alphabet Wall Charts 11''x17'' $14.95 $14.95

Manuscript Wall Charts Cursive Wall Charts (New American Cursive font)

Visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet while young students learn to read and write or practice their cursive penmanship.

With beautiful letters, colors, and hand-drawn illustrations, they also make great educational posters for your home and/or classroom!

See p. 21 for Latin Copybooks: Prima Latina Copybook and Latin Copybook Cursive: Hymns and Prayers

www.MemoriaPress.com

Everything you need for one year!

Sample pages from Jr. Kindergarten Daily Lesson Plans

Our new Jr. Kindergarten is the perfect program for students ready to begin a formal education but not quite ready for kindergarten. This gentle introduction to school will help students master writing all letters of the alphabet and numbers 1-10. They will also work on letter sounds and counting. Each week includes a read-aloud

selection providing practice in reading comprehension and vocabulary. Our curriculum guide gives you detailed lessons broken into 2 days a week for 34 weeks. This program is filled with extras such as calendar time, devotions, crafts, games, poetry, music, and more! Jr. Kindergarten is the perfect introduction to school for young students!

Individual Primary Programs Alphabet Book Beta!

Recommended for Ages 4-5

$30.00 (2 book set)*

Learning the alphabet is the critical first step in learning how to read. The Alphabet Book teaches letter recognition, letter formation, and pencil grip through repetition and tracing. Activities, created with the younger student in mind, make learning each letter simple and fun. Three-letter words, aided by beautiful illustrations, also provide a simple introduction to phonics. This book acts as a great supplement to any primary program or full-year preschool/ kindergarten program. *Presented in a two-book format.

Books I & II not sold separately.

1-877-862-1097

Numbers Book Beta!

Recommended for Jr. Kindergarten +

$30.00 (2 book set) $15.00 (Book 1)* $15.00 (Book 2)

Written by Leigh Lowe (author of Prima Latina), the Numbers Book is the perfect introduction to numbers, counting, and patterns. Lots of tracing practice also makes this book ideal for the slightly older student, who has already mastered counting, but still needs extra practice writing numbers. The activities (mazes, coloring, pattern recognition, connect the dots, and more!) are so much fun that your student won't be able to wait for the next lesson! *Book I used in MP Jr. Kindergarten.

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

5

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

K - 2nd Grade

Reading $260 Book D Now Available!

New

First Start Reading

$39.95 Books A, B, C, & D + Teacher Guide

Phonics, Reading, and Printing by Cheryl Lowe (Recommended for Kindergarten)

Your children begin reading instantly as they progress through 4 simple student books and 34 phonetic stories. The Teacher Guide includes helpful assessments, tips, and more!

• consonants • short & long vowels • 57 common words • manuscript printing • artist-drawn coloring pictures • drawing pages for every letter

FSR is a balanced, age-appropriate approach to phonics and reading, with a serious focus on correct pencil grip and letter formation. Also, while many phonics programs today use the ladder approach (consonant-vowel blending), we prefer the more traditional (vowel-consonant) approach combined with word families. Mastery of short vowels is the sine qua non of phonics programs, but few programs provide adequate practice. *Note: Printing, an important pathway of the learning process, is an integral part of FSR. Some children, however, are reading-ready before their motor skills are developed enough for printing. If this is the case with your child, you may use FSR without the printing component.

Sample pages from FSR student workbook

Kindergarten Curriculum $260 $80 $30

Kindergarten Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) Kindergarten Consumable Books Set (for additional students) Kindergarten Lesson Plans for One Year

• Kindergarten Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Copybook I and Composition & Sketchbook • The Golden Children's Bible • Christian Liberty Nature Reader (Book K) • Animal Alphabet Coloring Book • First Start Reading: A, B, C, D & Teacher Guide • Classical Phonics • SRA Phonics 1 • Primary Phonics Readers (20 books total) • Rod & Staff Beginning Arithmetic 1: Student (Part 1), Teacher, & Blacklines • Numbers Books 1 & 2 • Soft and White, Fun in the Sun, & Scamp and Tramp

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $295 $275

Kindergarten Read-Aloud Complete Set with Poetry Kindergarten Read-Aloud Set (Poetry not included)

Classical Phonics Classical Phonics

$14.95 A Child's Guide to Word Mastery (Recommended for Kindergarten - 2nd Grade)

Sample page from Classical Phonics

Classical Phonics consists of phonetically arranged word lists for students to practice their growing word recognition skills. In a word list there are no context clues, so the learner must rely on his mastery of letter sounds. For instance, if your child can pronounce each word in this list correctly – pot, pat, pit, put, pet – he knows his short vowel sounds, and you can move on to long vowels! If not, he needs more practice, and Classical Phonics is the most effective tool we know of to address the repetition that young ones need when learning to read. It can be used as a supplement to any phonics program and covers nearly all English phonograms and sounds taught through second grade.

Classical Phonics is your go-to resource for phonics practice and for building confident readers.

Classical Phonics is a teacher and student guide all in one. It provides thorough, concise phonics explanations at the bottom of most pages, giving you the background you need to teach phonics even if you never learned it yourself.

6

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

www.MemoriaPress.com

"I couldn't be more THRILLED with it!!! ..." $370

$300

1st Grade Curriculum $300 $105 $200 $30

1st Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) 1st Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 1st Grade Continuing MP Student Set 1st Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• First Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Copybook II and Composition & Sketchbook • New American Cursive 1 • The Golden Children's Bible • Classical Phonics • SRA Phonics 2 • Rod & Staff Beginning Arithmetic 1: Student (Parts 1-2), Teacher, Blacklines • Storytime/More Storytime Treasures Study Guides & Teacher Key; Little Bear; Little Bear's Visit; Caps for Sale; Blueberries for Sal; Make Way for Ducklings; Billy and Blaze; Blaze and the Forest Fire; The Story About Ping; Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie; Stone Soup; The Little House; Miss Rumphius • A Little House Christmas Treasury; Christmas in the Big Woods; Winter on the Farm

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $305 $290

First Grade Read-Aloud Complete Set with Poetry First Grade Read-Aloud Set (Poetry not included)

2nd Grade Curriculum $370 $125 $315 $30

2nd Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) 2nd Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 2nd Grade Continuing MP Student Set 2nd Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• Second Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Prima Latina Set (student, teacher, workbook, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Copybook Cursive, Prima Latina Copybook, Composition & Sketchbook • New American Cursive 2 • The Golden Children's Bible • SRA Phonics 3 • Rod & Staff Math 2: Student (Units 1-5), Teacher, & Blacklines • Classical Phonics • Second Grade Literature: Study Guides, novels, and Teacher Key: Little House in the Big Woods; Mr. Popper's Penguins; The Courage of Sarah Noble; Tales From Beatrix Potter

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $305 $290

Second Grade Read-Aloud Complete Set with Poetry Second Read-Aloud Set (Poetry not included)

Individual Primary Programs New American Cursive

by Iris Hatfield

Some think computers have made cursive writing skills obsolete, but good handwriting and computers are not mutually exclusive. Should we stop teaching language arts because a child can now text message?

Before the early 1940s, virtually all children were taught cursive in the first grade. Research shows that when third graders begin writing cursive, they return to a first grade speed level.

By learning cursive earlier, students can focus more on other subjects once they reach the upper grades.

New American Cursive 1 $22.95 ea New American Cursive 2 (Scripture Verses) New American Cursive 2 (Quotes from

Famous Americans)

New American Cursive 3

(Scripture & Lessons on Manners)

NAC Startwrite CD

$29.95

Simple, clear, & effective! ✓ 8-page teaching guide ✓ 125 Instruction and exercise lessons ✓ Illustrations/Exercises for letter connections ✓ Journaling pages ✓ Practice includes Bible verses and quotes ✓ Simplified classic letter forms ✓ Focus on accuracy and legibility ✓ Natural right slant (easier for beginners & lefties) ✓ Takes only 15 min./day!

See p. 4 for New American Cursive Alphabet Wall Charts

1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

7

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

Grades 3-6

$400

$400

3rd Grade Curriculum

4th Grade Curriculum

$400

3rd Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$400

4th Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$150 $30

3rd Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 3rd Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

$150 $30

4th Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 4th Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• Third Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Latina Christiana I Complete Set

• Fourth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First Form Latin Complete Set

(student, teacher, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Third Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels

(student, teacher, workbook, quizzes, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Fourth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels

(Farmer Boy, Charlotte's Web, The Moffats)

(The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe; Heidi; Lassie Come-Home)

• D'Aulaires' Greek Myths set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Christian Studies I set (student, teacher) • New American Cursive 3 • States & Capitals set (student, teacher, Don't Know Much About the 50 States) • Astronomy set (student, teacher) • Rod & Staff Math 3 (student, teacher, blacklines, speed drills) • Rod & Staff Spelling 4 (student, teacher) • English Grammar for the Grammar Stage (student, teacher) • Poetry for the Grammar Stage (student, teacher) • The Best Christmas Pageant Ever

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program

• Famous Men of Rome set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Christian Studies II set (student, teacher) • Geography of the Middle East, Europe, and North Africa (text, workbook, key) • United States Review (student, teacher) • The Book of Insects set (student, teacher, reader, Peterson First Guide: Insects) • Rod & Staff Math 4 (student, teacher, drills, tests) • Rod & Staff Spelling 5 & English 4 (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • Classical Composition: The Fable Stage (student, teacher)

$19.95 Poetry for the Grammar Stage Beta!

New

(supplement for 4th grade; included in 3rd grade package)

$150.00 Third Grade Read-Aloud Novels (11 book set) $300.00 Third Grade Read-Aloud Picture Books (22 book set)

Christian

Literature

Latina Christiana I (p. 17)

Greek Myths (p. 37)

Christian Studies I (p. 36)

The Moffats Farmer Boy Charlotte's Web (p. 11)

First Form Latin (p. 18)

Famous Men of Rome (p. 37)

Christian Studies II (p. 36)

Lassie Come-Home Heidi The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (p. 11)

Famous Men of the Middle Ages (p. 37)

Christian Studies III (p. 36)

Adam of the Road Robin Hood King Arthur (p. 11)

Famous Men of Greece Trojan War Horatius at the Bridge (pp. 37-39)

Christian Studies IV (p. 36)

The Hobbit Anne of Green Gables The Bronze Bow Treasure Island (p. 11)

6th

5th

3rd

Classical

4th

Latin & Greek

8

Second Form Latin (p. 18) Greek Alphabet Book (p. 12)

Third Form Latin (p. 18)

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

www.MemoriaPress.com

Grade by grade curriculum map below! $425

$450

5th Grade Curriculum

6th Grade Curriculum

$425

5th Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$450

6th Grade Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans)

$150 $30

5th Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 5th Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

$150 $30

6th Grade Consumable Books Set (for additional students) 6th Grade Lesson Plans for One Year

• Fifth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First or Second Form Latin Complete Set

• Sixth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First, Second, or Third Form Latin Complete Set

(student, teacher, workbook, quizzes, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Fifth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels (King Arthur, Robin Hood, Adam of the Road)

• Famous Men of the Middle Ages set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Christian Studies III set (student, teacher) • Geography II (student, teacher) • Rod and Staff Arithmetic 5 (student, teacher, tests) • Rod and Staff Spelling 6 & English 5 (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • What's That Bird? (with Memoria Press Study Guide Set), Peterson Birds Coloring Book, Peterson First Guide: Birds, Exploring the History of Medicine (with Memoria Press Quizzes, Reviews, and Tests Guide) • Classical Composition: The Narrative Stage (student, teacher)

$17.95 Golden Children's Bible (supplement for 3rd-5th grades; included

in K-2nd grade packages; also sold on p. 36)

English

Spelling

(student, teacher, workbook, quizzes, pronunciation CD, instructional DVDs, and flashcards)

• Sixth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels (Anne of Green Gables, Treasure Island, The Bronze Bow, The Hobbit)

• Famous Men of Greece set (student, teacher, text, flashcards) • Horatius at the Bridge • The Trojan War set (student, teacher, text) • Christian Studies IV set (student, teacher) • Rod and Staff Arithmetic 6 (student, teacher, tests, quizzes) • Rod and Staff Spelling 7 & English 6 (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • American Studies: The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Great Republic, 200 Questions About American History, Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

• Exploring the World of Biology, The Tree Book, Peterson First Guide: Trees • Classical Composition: The Chreia/Maxim Stage (student, teacher) See p. 42 for our new recommended summer supplemental reading: Story of the World, Volume 1: Summer before 4th grade Story of the World, Volume 2: Summer before 5th grade New Story of the World, Volume 3: Summer before 6th grade Story of the World, Volume 4: Summer before 7th grade

Writing

Modern

Math

Science

English Grammar for the Grammar Stage

Rod & Staff Spelling 4

English Grammar for the Grammar Stage

States & Capitals (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Math 3

Book of Astronomy (p. 46)

Rod & Staff English 4

Rod & Staff Spelling 5

Classical Composition: The Fable Stage (p. 12) Writing, Year 1

Geography: The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Math 4

Book of Insects (p. 46)

Rod & Staff English 5

Rod & Staff Spelling 6

Classical Composition: The Narrative Stage (p. 12) Writing, Year 2

Geography

Rod & Staff Math 5

What's That Bird?

The History of Medicine (p. 46)

Rod & Staff English 6

Rod & Staff Spelling 7

The Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Math 6

The Tree Book Exploring the World of Biology

1-877-862-1097

Classical Composition: The Chreia/Maxim Stage (p. 12)

Classical Core Curriculum Packages

9

Literature First Grade $14.95

StoryTime Treasures Student Guide

$14.95

More StoryTime Treasures Student Guide

$10.00 Teacher Key

StoryTime Treasures Set

$40.00

More StoryTime Treasures Set

Student Guide $14.95 Blueberries for Sal $7.99 Little Bear $3.95 Make Way For Ducklings $7.99 Little Bear's Visit $3.95 Caps for Sale $6.99

Student Guide $14.95 Miss Rumphius $7.99 Billy and Blaze $5.99 The Little House $6.95

$52.00

The Story About Ping $3.99 Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie $6.95 Stone Soup $6.99 Blaze and the Forest Fire $5.99

Second Grade $55.00 Literature Guide Set

Student Guides: The Courage of Sarah Noble, Little House in the Big Woods, Tales From Beatrix Potter, Mr. Popper's Penguins, and Teacher Key

$99.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Key, & Novels

The Courage of Sarah Noble

Little House in the Big Woods

Tales from Beatrix Potter

Mr. Popper's Penguins

2nd Grade Lit. Teacher Key

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $4.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $6.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Stories (ea.) $6.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $6.99

$12.95

dev eloping su perior readers Reading requires an active, discriminating mind that is challenged to think, compare, and contrast. Students who have been challenged by good literature will develop into superior readers and will never be satisfied with poor-quality books. Each novel has been carefully selected to nourish your child's reading skills. The study guides focus on vocabulary, spelling, comprehension, and composition skills, which train students to become active readers.

Each lesson includes a word study to help students build vocabulary. The comprehension questions challenge students to consider what they have read, identify the important content of each story, and compose clear, concise answers (a difficult skill at any age). Writing is thinking, and good questioning stimulates the child to think and write. Each lesson also includes fun enrichment activities such as composition, map work, research, drawing, and much more!

Sample pages from Farmer Boy (Grade 3)

Quotations Almanzo was a little soldier in this great battle. From dawn to dark he worked, from dark to dawn he slept, then he was up again and working.

But Almanzo had never planted corn before. He did not handle the hoe so well. He had to trot two steps where Royal or Father took one...But he knew he would plant corn as fast as anybody, when his legs were longer. harrow

Discussion Questions

dinner-horn

a simple wind instrument used to call field workers home for a meal

seed corn

kernels of corn used for planting

1. The third paragraph of this chapter describes the work horses. Explain the phrase “wise, sober mares”.

2. The first quote above describes Almanzo as a soldier in a battle. What was the battle, and in what way was he like a soldier in this battle?

3. Describe how the potatoes were planted.

Reading Notes a farm machine with sharp teeth used to break up and level plowed ground; it is also used as a verb to describe the process of preparing the soil for planting

Vocabulary

1. ...the sun was rising beyond the dewy meadows... __________________________________________ 2. They dribbled the carrot seeds into the furrows... ___________________________________________

Composition

3. All the soil must be made mellow and fine and smooth. ______________________________________

4. “Hustle along there, son...” _______________________________________________________________ Reread the last paragraph on page 128 beginning “The seeds were too small ...”. In three to five Almanzo...went sentences, retell the story of the lazy boy in your own words. Be sure to include the 5. consequence of up and down the long field, straddling the little furrows. _______________________ his actions. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Sample pages from StoryTime Treasures

Comprehension Questions

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. The experienced work horses knew exactly what to do in the fields. Why would Almanzo have ___________________________________________________________________________________________ enjoyed driving them more if this weren’t the case? __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why did the farmers have to hurry to plant their good seeds?_________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What were the three fields of grain Father sowed? What were they used for? ___________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Explain the connection between ash leaves, squirrel ears, and corn planting. ___________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 11: Springtime

29

28

10

Literature

Lesson 11: Springtime

www.MemoriaPress.com

*Included in curriculum packages! (pp. 8-9) Third Grade $69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: Farmer Boy, Charlotte's Web, The Moffats

$93.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

Farmer Boy

(Third Grade sets above do not include Homer Price)

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Charlotte's Web $11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

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Literature

11

T

Martin Cothran, a writer and teacher, is the director of the Classical Latin School Association, editor of the Classical Teacher magazine, and the author of Memoria Press' Traditional Logic, Material Logic, Classical Rhetoric, and Lingua Biblica.

here is a passage in J. R. R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings in which Aragorn asks for some leaves of athelas, a healing herb brought by the Men of the West into Middle Earth, and which is now called “kingsfoil.” Minas Tirith, the chief city of Gondor, is celebrating its successful defense against the forces of the Dark Lord, whose armies have been crushed in the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, but the wounded of Gondor now lay broken and in need of care. Aragorn, the true king of Gondor, has stolen by night into the city (he is still camped in the field, awaiting the appropriate time to return in glory). Disguised in a cloak, he is helping to care for the sick. Aragorn asks for athelas, a request which is met with scepticism: “But alas! sir, we do not keep this thing in the Houses of Healing,” says the herb master. “… For it has no virtue that we know of, save perhaps to sweeten a fouled air, or to drive away some passing heaviness.”

Aragorn, however, knows different. He assures the herb master, as he has assured the Hobbit Sam Gamgee earlier in the story, that, indeed, it “has great virtues”: Then, whether Aragorn had indeed some forgotten power of Westernesse, or whether it was but his words of the Lady Éowyn that wrought on them, as the sweet influence of the herb stole about the chamber it seemed to those who stood by that a keen wind blew through the window, and it bore no scent, but was an air wholly fresh and clean and young, as if it had not before been breathed by any living thing and came new-made from snowy mountains high beneath a dome of stars, or from shores of silver far away washed by seas of foam.

The effect is as Aragorn has predicted: Those to whom it is administered are not only refreshed and made clean, but healed. Athelas is an ancient herb, and yet it has the power to bring about healing.

Using the word “virtue” to indicate this kind of power seems natural as we read a skillful writer like Tolkien, and yet, when we reflect back, it seems strange. It doesn’t seem to comply with the definition of the word that we know.

In fact, the word “virtue” has an interesting history. Although in English it has taken on an effeminate tone, the word itself has 12

Man and Men

www.MemoriaPress.com

masculine origins. The English word derives from the Latin virtus, which not only had a masculine connotation, but actually meant “manliness.” Virtus implies moral strength, an excellence of manhood. The word itself comes from vir, the Latin word meaning "man." In his military diary, the Gallic Wars, Julius Caesar uses the word virtus to connote courage on the battlefield, and the King James Bible frequently translates the word into the English “power,” the meaning employed by Tolkien.

When we say that a human being has “virtue,” are we not saying that he has a power—a power to do certain things in a certain way appropriate to who he is? Virtue is indeed a power—a power that has to do with what it is to be a man.

The word "virtue" itself is an ancient word, and one that has the power to bring about its own kind of healing, if we can install it again.

T

here are many diagnoses of what ails our modern culture, and one of them is that we humans think too highly of ourselves. Man, we often hear, has put himself at the center and made himself the measure of all things. It is humanism that has corrupted us, and the sooner we are rid of it, the better. There is a sense in which this is true, but another sense in which it is entirely false. We do, in fact, think too much of actual man; but we think entirely too little of ideal man. In fact, it may be that modern thought is just as detrimentally affected by not thinking highly enough of what man ought to be, as in thinking too much of men as we happen to find them in this world.

In Herman Melville's Moby Dick, Ishmael, the narrator, articulates an ancient view of man that has now been all but abandoned: Men may seem detestable as joint stock-companies and nations; knaves, fools, and murderers there may be; men may have mean and meager faces; but, man, in the ideal, is so noble and so sparkling, such a grand and glowing creature, that over any ignominious blemish in him all his fellows should run to throw their costliest robes. That immaculate manliness we feel within ourselves, so far within us, that it remains intact though all the outer character seem gone; bleeds with keenest anguish at the undraped spectacle of a valor-ruined man. Nor can piety itself, at such a shameful sight, completely stifle her upbraidings against the permitting stars.

This is one of the last echoes of the old order that once held sway in the West: the belief in an ideal man, an ideal which, through education, we once tried to approximate.

In this passage, Melville marks a bold distinction between man and men. Men are what we experience; man is that which we should aspire to be. It is an 1-877-862-1097

... the classical view of virtue was simple: It was the power by which man got from man-as-hehappened-to-be to man-as-hewould-be-ifhe-achievedhis-telos, or purpose.

idea which we can see as far back as Sophocles, who said, “Wonderful are the world’s wonders, but none more wonderful than man.” Melville, like Sophocles before him, used the singular when referring to the human ideal. It is this belief that underlaid the entire system of classical morality.

This older classical scheme recognized two things about man: the first was that he had an ideal or essential nature; the second was that each individual man incompletely and imperfectly approximated that ideal. This view was shared by all pre-modern cultures, both pagan and Christian. Christianity disagreed in part with paganism in regard to what this ideal man consisted of, but neither the Hebrews, the Greeks, nor the Romans would have ever conceived of denying the existence of this ideal.

For the Greeks, the ideal of man was embodied in the Iliad, their great national story. That of the Romans was evoked in the Aeneid, the story of the founding of Rome by Aeneas.

Christian ideals were to be found in the Bible—as well as in the vast treasury of Western literature that was influenced by it. It was a belief articulated in the Biblical book of Genesis and which was held by the earliest Church fathers: that man is God’s highest creation, and is different in kind from the animals by virtue of his being created in the image and likeness of God.

A

ccording to the philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre, the classical view of virtue was simple: It was the power by which man got from man-as-he-happenedto-be to man-as-he-would-be-if-he-achieved-his-telos, or purpose. This telos was connected essentially to man’s nature. To be good, in other words, was to simply act in accordance with your nature. Becoming more virtuous—becoming more like the ideal man as expressed in this human nature—was to become more human. To the Christian, this meant becoming more like what you were created to be.

To the Greeks and the Romans, the power to do this came from self-generated manly self-discipline.

To the Christians, this power came by grace from the Holy Spirit.

MacIntyre points out that this traditional view of virtue was based on the traditional view of man: He was an incomplete or potential being who had fallen short of the fulfillment of his nature.

Man and Men

13

Leon Kass has pointed out that, in the Creation account of the Biblical book of Genesis, there are only two things that God, in the process of Creation, does not call "good": the heavens and man. Kass points out that the term “good” as it is used throughout Genesis, “cannot mean morally good.” “[W]hen ‘God saw the light, that it was good,’” says Kass, “He could not have seen that the light was honest or just or law-abiding.”

Rather, “good” seems to mean something more akin to being fit to a particular intention, fully formed, or fully what the thing is by its nature. But this is precisely what men are not. “Let me put it more pointedly,” says Kass: “Precisely in the sense that man is in the image of God, man is not good—not determinate, finished, complete, or perfect.”

If Kass is correct, then there is some ideal that the author of Genesis has in mind from which men fall short—even at this, the beginning of all things. To the Hebrews, this truth had been revealed by God Himself.

But the Greeks, too, knew this, not through any direct word of the God who was unknown to them, but from their own observations of the world that their Unknown God had created.

T

he Greeks had long possessed the concept of what they called arête—a culminating excellence in man which existed as a potentiality which needed to be actualized, of a purpose that must be fulfilled. The concept of arête reached its highest point of expression— it was, in fact, actualized—in the work of the Greek poets. “Sophocles guided his work by a standard,” said Werner Jaeger, “and in it presented men ‘as they ought to be’ … All the discussions of that age, and all the efforts of the Sophists, were directed towards finding and producing man ‘as he ought to be.’”

Christianity, which, in addition to possessing Divine Revelation, inherited the learning of classical culture and saw within it much that was true but incomplete, completed this view of man by incorporating in it the concept of sin: The reason man is not as he should be is because he has fallen from his primordial estate. He once acted in accordance with his nature, but because of the Fall, he is separated from himself. But this fissure in his own being has not destroyed his essential humanity. He is still the same kind of creature as Adam.

As Tolkien once put it: … Though now long estranged Man is not wholly lost nor wholly changed Dis-graced he may be, but not dethroned And keeps the rags of lordship once he owned …

The image and likeness in which he was created, the source of man’s unique dignity, is effaced by sin, but not erased by it. It is still there for goodness to find.

14

Man and Men

But like athelas in Tolkien’s story, the idea of virtue is seldom spoken of, save in the voice of scepticism.

A

nd how do we find it? Athelas, Aragorn tells Sam Gamgee, grows now only sparsely and near places where the Men of the West camped in ancient times.

We are the heirs of a great cultural inheritance, and with a little effort, it can still be found.

In the stories of the great deeds of great men, the ideal man was represented by the hero, whom students were encouraged to be like, and who differed from men, who were a mixed lot and fell short in various ways from that ideal. This was embodied by the Hebrews in their Old Testament heroes of faith who were brought again and again to the remembrance of the Jews: Moses the lawgiver, Abraham the man of faith, and David, God’s own king. Christians too, down through the ages, were reminded repeatedly of the great deeds of their saints and martyrs. In addition, there is the great classic literature—Greek, Roman, and Christian—which helps to teach us who we are and who we should be.

Classic literature is the vehicle by which we propagate and preserve our civilization. "We are the only species that does not know its own nature naturally,” writes Russell Banks, “and with each new generation has to be shown it anew."

But like athelas in Tolkien’s story, the idea of virtue is seldom spoken of, save in the voice of scepticism.

The dark forces of modern secularism that now dominate our culture, in an act unique in history, have abandoned the belief in an ideal man. There is no man; there are only men.

Alas, virtue is a thing they do not keep in their Houses of Education.

The Western intellectual class, in what the French writer Julien Benda has called La Trahison les Clercs— "The Treason of the Clerks"—have joined the enemies of civilization.

"All about us," said literary critic George Steiner, flourishes the new illiteracy, the illiteracy of those who can read short words or words of hatred and tawdriness but cannot grasp the meaning of language when it is in a condition of beauty or of truth.

But virtue still has its virtues.

In his inaugural lecture at Cambridge in 1954, C. S. Lewis spoke of thinkers like himself—and by implication, Tolkien and Chesterton—as "Old Western men," men who, like Tolkien's Men of the West, were dying out. As Lewis predicted, they are now all but gone. But if we dig about their camps, there are things still growing that have the cultural power to heal. www.MemoriaPress.com

Writing

Grades 4+

New

Classical Composition What if you could teach your child using the same writing program that produced such masters of the language as John Milton, William Shakespeare, and Benjamin Franklin? What if you could have the same composition curriculum used by Quintilian, the greatest teacher of ancient rhetoric, and Cicero, the greatest persuasive speaker of all time?

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Classical Composition Set $98.00 Fable, Narrative, & Chreia Stages (student & teacher) View samples of Classical Composition online! www.MemoriaPress.com

Jim Selby has blown the dust off of the writing curriculum that was used in schools for over 1,500 years and put it in an easy-toteach format that will revolutionize your home or private school curriculum. Presented clearly and systematically in a structured curriculum, Classical Composition will give you a clear road map to writing excellence.

Ancient writers invented a way of teaching writing known as the progymnasmata, which provided a method of teaching composition that not only taught budding writers a disciplined way to approach communication, but also helped them appeal to the heads of their audience. The progymnasmata gave them the stylistic tools to appeal to their hearts as well.

The greatest communicators of ancient times, Quintilian and Cicero among them, employed the progymnasmata to teach their students the art of communication. The 14 exercises, organized from the simplest and most basic to the most complex and sophisticated, were the core education of a classical speaker, designed to produce what Quintilian once called, "the good man, speaking well."

Grades 5+

Greek

Greek Alphabet Book

by Cheryl Lowe

$15.00 $10.00

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Though the Greek alphabet is similar to our English alphabet, it is also different enough to be a major impediment to the study of Greek. Delving into the Greek grammar and learning the alphabet at the same time is overwhelming for almost everyone. Give yourself the time to master the Greek letters and become comfortable with them before you plunge into Greek. Memoria Press’ Greek Alphabet program is a tour of the Greek letters, their formation, and sounds. A page is devoted to each letter and includes a letter diagram with arrows showing proper formation, printing lines showing placement of letters above and below the lines, letters to trace and copy, interesting facts and hints to help remember the letter’s sound, and questions. Each lesson consists of three letters, a review page, and a quiz.

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Writing & Greek

15

Latin

Grades 1-4 Student Book Sample Pages

Prima Latina: An Introduction to Christian Latin

by Leigh Lowe Grades 1-4 (see Latin course guide on p. 20) Are you looking for a gentle introduction to Latin and a course that prepares your young student for a more advanced study of the language? Prima Latina is specifically designed for students and teachers with no Latin background.

This course was developed for children in 1st-4th grades who are still becoming familiar with English grammar and wish to learn Latin at a slower pace. Its goal is to teach and reinforce an understanding of the basic parts of speech while introducing Latin. It benefits the student by teaching him half of the vocabulary in Latina Christiana I and grounding him in the fundamental concepts of English grammar, the key to Latin study.

The grammar lessons are set forth in a form appropriate for primary grades. The review lessons that follow each unit provide the consistent review needed to master Latin. With clear explanations and easy-toread lessons in a two-color format, Prima Latina is perfect for those teachers and parents who would like to start their students on an early study of Christian Latin.

PL Supplements (p. 21)

Prima Latina Copybook Lingua Angelica CD & Songbook

“Order Leigh Lowe’s Prima Latina, along with the accompanying teacher’s guide and supplementary CD.” - Susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise

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“We have found that students who start with Prima Latina are much more likely not only to continue Latin, but to love it!”

What’s Inside ...

Student Book

• 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • Latin vocabulary words with corresponding English derivatives • Latin prayers • Grammar skills appropriate for primary grades • Consistent review

Teacher Manual

• Student book w/ answers keyed • Tests

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• Complete verbal pronunciation • Four Lingua Angelica songs

DVDs

• 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by Leigh Lowe • Recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • On-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • Self-instructive format

Flashcards Student Book $14.00

16

Latin

Teacher Manual $14.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $45.00

Flashcards $14.95

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

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Latin

Grades 3-6

Teacher Manual Sample Pages

Latina Christiana

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 1-4 (see Latin course guide on p. 20)

Latina Christiana I is, quite simply, the best Latin grammar course available for beginning students. Cheryl Lowe’s clear explanations, easy instructions, and step-by-step approach have led thousands of teachers and students to declare, “I love Latin!”

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Each of the 25 lessons consists of a grammar form, ten vocabulary words, and a Latin saying that teaches students about their Christian or classical heritage. Five review lessons help ensure that your student has mastered the material. In addition, every lesson includes simple English derivatives of Latin words to help build English vocabulary.

Exercises reinforce memory work and “I have taught my own children using teach grammar in incremental steps your LC books and Henle, and yours is through simple translation. Grammar the best curriculum available.”

- V.B., Latin teacher coverage includes 1st-2nd declension nouns, 1st-2nd conjugation verbs, 1st-2nd declension adjectives, the irregular verb to be, and 1st-2nd person pronouns.

The Teacher Manual includes a complete copy of the student book with overlaid answers and provides detailed weekly lesson plans, comprehensive teaching instructions, tests, weekly quizzes, and keys. The thirty lessons can be completed in a year for young students or in less time for older students. *Note: Students may move straight from Latina Christiana I to First Form Latin. See guide on p. 20.

Latina Christiana II continues the study of Latin grammar using the

same format as LC I. Upon completion, the students will have learned 400 Latin vocabulary words, all 5 declensions, model principal parts for all 4 conjugations, 3 tenses, the use of nominative and accusative cases, prepositional phrases, and much more!

Latina Christiana I Set + DVDs & Flashcards $97.90

BEST BU Y!

Latina Christiana I Set $39.95

Supplements (p. 21)

Ludere Latine I & II The Book of Roots Roots of English Lingua Angelica LCI Review Worksheets New Latin Grammar Charts

What’s Inside ...

Student Book

• 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • 10 vocabulary words per lesson w/ corresponding English derivatives • Latin sayings, songs, and prayers

Teacher Manual

• Student book w/ answers keyed • Weekly lesson plans • Tests, quizzes, & keys • Comprehensive teaching instructions

Pronunciation CD

• Complete verbal pronunciation • Latin Prayers & songs

DVDs

Student Book $15.00

Teacher Manual $20.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

Latina Christiana II Set + DVDs & Flashcards $97.90 Latina Christiana II Set $39.95 1-877-862-1097

• LC I: 5 discs, 18 hrs. (35-40 min./lesson) • LC II: 4 discs, 12 hrs. (20-25 min./lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by Leigh Lowe • Recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • On-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • Self-instructive format

Flashcards

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

Latin

17

Latin "... I was quite reluctant to change programs, but I'm glad I did! It is well laid out, presents the information in bite-sized pieces, has a good amount of review and worksheets for each lesson, and explains the grammar and information very well." - Linda

First Form:

Latin Grammar: Year 1 • 5 noun declensions • 1st - 2nd declension adjectives • 1st - 2nd conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) • sum in 6 tenses • Syntax: nominative and accusative cases

complementary infinitive

subject-verb agreement

noun-adjective agreement

predicate nouns and adjectives

Second Form:

Latin Grammar: Year 2 • 2nd declension -er -ir nouns and adjectives • 3rd declension i-stem nouns • 3rd declension adjectives of one termination • 1st and 2nd person pronouns and possessive pronoun adjectives • Prepositions with ablative and accusative • Adverbs and questions • 3rd, 3rd –io, and 4th conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) • Present system passive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • Syntax: genitive of possession

dative of indirect object

ablative of means and agent

Grades 5-12

First Form Latin Series: Latin Grammar, Years 1-3 Recommended for Grades 5-12

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(or any age if completed Latina Christiana I)

Based on 20 years of teaching experience, this revolutionary new series will be your guide as you and your students successfully climb the mountain of Latin grammar all the way to the top! Written for parents and teachers with or without a Latin background, the goal of the First Form series is to present the grammar so logically and so systematically that anyone can learn it!

Designed for students and teachers with no Latin background, each course in the First Form series is formatted with an attractive, concise student text, systematic presentation in five units, extensive workbook exercises, and a teacher manual with everything you need to successfully teach this course.

First Form’s grammar-first approach focuses on grammar forms and vocabulary because those are the grammar stage skills suitable for the grammar stage student. However, the First Form series is for students of all ages because all beginners, regardless of age, are in the grammar stage of learning.

Syntax (how to use the grammar) and translation are logic and rhetoric stage skills, respectively, and quickly overwhelm the student unless they are introduced at a slow, gentle pace and taught for mastery. First Form is the ideal text for all beginners, grades 5 & up, or is a great follow-up to Latina Christiana I. Now every school and homeschool can have a truly successful Latin program that creates Latin scholars rather than Latin drop-outs.

Third Form:

Latin Grammar: Year 3

Supplements (p. 21) Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage The Book of Roots Lingua Angelica Roots of English FF Grammar Wall Charts

18

Latin

First Form Latin Student Text Sample

• Perfect system passive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • 4th declension neuter nouns • 3rd declension adjectives of one and three terminations • Imperative mood, vocative case • Nine irregular adjectives • Regular and irregular comparison of adjectives and adverbs • Pronouns: 3rd person, demonstrative, intensive, reflexive • Active and passive subjunctive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • Syntax: apposition

adjectives used as nouns

objective and partitive genitive

subjunctive in purpose clauses, exhortations,

deliberative questions

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"It's so systematic, easy to use, and it ensures the success of the students ..."

First Form Latin Set + DVDs & Flashcards $115.00

BEST BU Y!

First Form Latin Set $55.00

Student Text $12.50

Workbook $15.00

Teacher Manuals $24.95

Quizzes & Tests $5.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

What’s Inside ...

Student Text

• 34 two-page lessons on facing pages • Small, concise, unintimidating text in an attractive two-color format • Systematic presentation of grammar in five logical units • Appendices with English grammar, prayers, conversational Latin, vocab. index, & more!

Student Workbook

• 4-6 pages of exercises for each lesson • Exercises for practice and mastery • Grammar catechism for daily rapid-fire review

Teacher Manual

• Key to workbook & quizzes/tests • Copy of student book inset with comprehensive teaching instructions • Recitation schedule • Chalk Talk scripted lessons • FYI notes for teachers w/ limited background

Quizzes & Tests

• Reproducible weekly quizzes & unit tests

Pronunciation CD

DVDs

• 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • Superb explanations • On-screen notes, illustrations, & diagrams • Recitations, Latin parties, & more!

Flashcards

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations • Declensions

• Includes the pronunciation of all vocabulary, sayings, and grammar forms for each lesson

Second Form Latin Set + DVDs & Flashcards $115.00 Second Form Latin Set $55.00

Student Text $12.50

Workbook $15.00

Teacher Manuals $24.95

Quizzes & Tests $5.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

Quizzes & Tests $5.00

CD $4.95

DVDs $55.00

Flashcards $14.95

Third Form Latin Set + DVDs & Flashcards $115.00 Third Form Latin Set $55.00

Student Text $12.50

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Workbook $15.00

Teacher Manuals $24.95

Latin

19

Latin

Grades 8+

An Ideal Latin Sequence Trivium Stage

Henle Latin: Advanced Christian Latin

by Robert Henle

In the First Year text, a limited vocabulary of 500 words allows students to master grammar without being overwhelmed with large vocabulary lists. Repetitious Latin phrases and copious exercises produce mastery rather than frustration, and the mixture of Christian and classical content is appealing to students.

$16.95 $15.95 $15.95 $15.95 $9.50 $5.00

Henle I Text Henle II Text Henle III Text Henle IV Text Henle Grammar (used all 4 yrs.)

Henle Key (specify I, II, III, or IV)

Latin Program

2nd

*Prima Latina (Grades 1-4)

p. 16

3rd

*Latina Christiana I (Grades 3-6)

p. 17

4th

*First Form Latin (Grades 5-12)

p. 18

5th

Second Form Latin

p. 18

6th

Third Form Latin

p. 18

7th

Fourth Form Latin/Henle Latin I (syntax & Caesar prep)

p. 20

8th

*Henle Latin II (Caesar)

p. 20

9th

Henle II

(Caesar)

p. 20

Rhetoric Stage

10th

Henle III

(Cicero)

Read Latin literature

11th

Ovid (An Ovid Workbook)

12th

Henle IV or AP Virgil

Primary Grammar Prep Grammar Stage Memorize the Latin grammar

Logic Stage How to use the grammar - syntax & translation skills

*Note: Though Henle is considered a Catholic text, its superiority as a teaching resource and the outstanding benefits of its Christian perspective also make it appropriate for Protestants.

$42.45 Henle I Set (Text Set + Study Guide: Units 1-2) $28.45 Henle I Text Set (Text, Grammar, & Key)

Grade

p. 20

p. 20 *Beginning Programs

Supplements (p. 21)

The Book of Roots, Roots of English, Lingua Angelica, and Lingua Biblica

New

ﾎ容nle Latin I: Study Guides

(sample right)

Now available: Study guide for Units 6-14! New! Need a little more guidance on how to use Henle? Our student guides will tell the student what to do at every step of the way. Each is broken down into 30 weekly lessons with daily student activities. Detailed, thorough, and wellorganized, with check-off boxes for completed work, these guides will ease your transition into Henle. $14.95 ea.

Henle I Study Guide (Units 1-2) Henle I Study Guide (Units 3-5) Henle I Study Guide (Units 6-14)

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Henle I Test/Quiz Packet (Units 1-2) Henle I Test/Quiz Packet (Units 3-5) Henle I Test/Quiz Packet (Units 6-14) Beta!

20

Latin

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Prima Latina Copybook New! New American Cursive Grades 1-4

If you love Prima Latina and New American Cursive, then you will love this book! Get ready to help your children practice their Latin while developing their penmanship skills. Includes a cursive vocabulary practice page from each Prima Latina lesson and a cursive Latin prayer practice page for each Prima review lesson.

Latin Copybook Cursive: Hymns & Prayers Grades 2+

Latina Christiana Review Worksheets New!

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by Brenda Janke Grades 3-6

$9.95 Worksheets

These supplemental review worksheets will help your students master the grammar and vocabulary they are learning in Latina Christiana I. Each lesson has 1-2 pages of cumulative review, so your students get weekly reinforcement of review material as well as newly learned concepts.

Latin Grammar Wall Charts 33’’ x 17”

$14.95

This copybook has simple, clean pages to provide handwriting practice. It starts with an introduction to forming letters and numbers. Then students move to classroom Latin followed by sayings and hymns from Latina Christiana and the First Form Latin series. While improving their handwriting, students will memorize timeless Latin sayings and beautiful hymns.

$5.00 Answer Key

$20.00 $20.00

Latina Christiana I & II (6 total) First Form (4 total)

Seeing grammar forms organized on wall charts is a great visual aid for Latin grammar students.

They are also a great aid for teachers during Latin recitations. Our grammar charts are in a large easy-to-read format that help students see the organization of the Latin grammar at a quick glance.

Ludere Latine: Latin Word Games for Latina Christiana I & II

$19.95 Ludere Latine I: Latin Word Games

by Paul O’Brien $19.95 Grades 3+ $7.00

Ludere Latine II: Latin Word Games Additional Copies

These word game supplements are stuffed with enrichment activities to help your students learn the vocabulary, grammar, and derivatives presented in Latina Christiana. Students will spend hours of enjoyment playing Latin Hangman, Crosswords, Word Search, and competing against each other in Latin Pictionary!

Roots of English:

Latin and Greek Roots for Beginners

by Paul O’Brien Grades 6-8

Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage

$19.95

In order to learn words with Latin and Greek roots and use them appropriately, a young student needs to understand the meanings of their roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Roots of English presents careful analysis of these word elements so that the student learns not only the modern meanings of the words, but also their underlying, ancient meanings. Most of the Latin roots covered in this book correspond to the Latina Christiana I Latin vocabulary set.

$14.95

by Cheryl Lowe (All Ages)

A Latin grammar is a compendium of grammar forms and syntax in a systematic, concise, and easily accessible reference book. Designed specifically for students, Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage includes all conjugations and declensions, plus a very basic introduction to Latin syntax (how to use the grammar). An essential resource for mastery and review, it can be used with the First Form series or any other Latin program.

The Book of Roots: Advanced Vocabulary

Lingua Biblica: Old Testament Stories in Latin

$24.95 Student

$19.95 Student

Building From Latin Roots by Paul O’Brien Grades 8+

(Translation Course) by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

$1.95 Key

The Book of Roots offers a comprehensive listing of derivatives for Latina Christiana I, along with Latin definitions, English derivatives, and etymology. There is also a section of weekly exercises that provide reinforcement. Ideal as a vocabulary roots course, this book also has significant practical appeal: it is an ideal standardized test prep book, training students to uncover the meanings of words by deciphering parts. A great resource for students who love words!

$19.95 Teacher

This is an exciting supplementary translation program based on the Vulgate. It provides a sampling of Bible story translations and exercises that will fortify the student’s knowledge of Latin vocabulary and grammar. A great companion to the Henle series, each lesson includes three levels of study. Level I has the easiest sentence translations. Level II includes more advanced sentence translations.

Finally, Level III includes the entire translation with advanced exercises.

Lingua Angelica I & II: Latin Songs & Prayers (Translation Course) by Cheryl Lowe $39.95 $11.95 $16.95 $9.95

LA I Set (Student, Teacher, Song Book, & CD) LA I Student Book LA I Teacher Manual LA Songbook (used for LA I & II)

$11.95 LA Music CD (used for LA I & II) $11.95 LA II Student Book $16.95 LA II Teacher Manual

Lingua Angelica covers 24 beautiful hymns sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir. Because hymns have shorter, simpler sentences and clearer word structure than most Latin literature, the Christian Latin in this course is ideal when beginning Latin translation. In both LA I and II, the student book provides vocabulary work, space for interlinear translation, and grammar word study exercises. The teacher manual has a complete copy of the student book (w/answers) as well as instructions on how to use the course, making the teaching easier.

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Latin Supplements

21

What is

Virtue?

T

he harder the reformers try, the worse they make the American school. They just can’t seem

to get it right. Their errors are so fundamental that Andrew Kern Andrew Kern is founder and president of the CiRCE Institute, the founding author of The Lost Tools of Writing, and a co-author of the best-selling book, Classical Education: The Movement Sweeping America. He is on the board of The Society for Classical Learning (SCL). Andrew has trained teachers, led board retreats, and assisted with institutional development and start-up in over 100 schools. He has been directing the CiRCE Institute full-time since the summer of 2000. Andrew helped start Providence Academy in Green Bay, WI in 1993, where he served as “Lead Teacher,” Foundations Academy (now Ambrose School) in Boise, ID, where he served as Director of Classical Instruction from 19962000, The Great Ideas Academy in Charlotte, NC, where he served as Headmaster from 2001-2003, and The Regent Schools of the Carolinas where he served as Dean of Academics from 2006-2008. He and his family live in North Carolina.

22

What Is Virtue?

only a complete rebooting will help.

Conventional education is based on three principles and one application.

1. There is no Truth.

2. If there is Truth, you can't know it.

3. If you could know Truth, you couldn't communicate it.

Application: Therefore, there is no point teaching children how to seek truth and wisdom, but only power.

Christian classical education, on the other hand, is also based on three different principles and one application as well.

1. Truth is.

2. Truth is knowable.

3. Truth can be communicated.

Application: Therefore, the arts of truth-seeking define our curriculum and pedagogy.

Believing in Truth, the Christian classical educator sets different goals, orienting education toward wisdom and virtue.

What, then, is virtue? Our word “virtue” comes from the Latin virtus, which grows from the root vir, or “man.” While virtue can mean power,

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courage, or excellence, its essential meaning points to a human being attaining excellence.

Practically speaking, a specific virtue can be defined as a refined faculty. A virtue is a God-given, natural ability trained to a pitch of excellence. Humans have the natural faculty or ability to talk. That ability refined becomes the virtue of eloquence.

There are four different kinds of virtue: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Moral Intellectual Physical Spiritual

Moral virtue is what most of us think about first when we hear the word. While all have the ability to tell right from wrong, not everybody develops it.

Moral virtue, therefore, is the ability to do what is right and to avoid what is wrong. Moral virtues include faithfulness, purity of heart, diligent labor, courage, etc.

The cardinal moral virtue is justice.

Intellectual virtues are the virtues of understanding.

We all have the ability to perceive Truth, but some refine this ability into a virtue. Intellectual virtues include the effective use of language, logical reasoning, the ability to identify likenesses and differences, and so on. The cardinal intellectual virtue is wisdom.

Physical virtues include speed, strength, coordination, and so on.

Finally, spiritual virtues can be summarized by the words “Faith, hope, and love” oriented toward God.

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The Christian classical tradition, devoted as it is to wisdom and virtue, has spent millennia exploring how to cultivate them. In this tradition, two activities are considered essential to the formation of virtue: First, we must exercise the God-given faculty.

While this may be most obvious when we look at the physical virtues, mentored discipline is at least equally necessary for intellectual, moral, and spiritual virtues.

Second, each faculty depends on an “organism” that must be fed properly. For the physical virtues, this organism is the body. For the moral and intellectual virtues, it is the soul. For the spiritual virtues, it is the spirit.

In short, the body, soul, and spirit must be properly fed and exercised for one to grow in virtue and wisdom.

All of these virtues are properly developed when the spirit is attended to first. That is why the Christian classical curriculum and pedagogy are best summarized in Philippians 4:6-9, where Paul writes: 6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God. 7 And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.

8 Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report; if there be any virtue, and if there be any praise, think on these things.

9 Those things, which ye have both learned, and received, and heard, and seen in me, do: and the God of peace shall be with you.

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How to

teach Virtue

Why telling stories to our children is the best kind of character education ...

William Kirk Kilpatrick Dr. Kilpatrick, a professor of educational psychology at Boston College, is the author of Why Johnny Can't Tell Right From Wrong: And What We Can Do About It (1992). His analysis of secular psychology is on display in numerous journals and in three of his own books: Identity and Intimacy (1975), The Emperor's New Clothes: The Naked Truth about the New Psychology (1985), and Psychological Seduction: The Failure of Modern Psychology (1983). This is an abridged version of an article titled, "Storytelling and Virtue," from Policy Review, a publication of the Heritage Foundation (www.heritage.org).

28

How to Teach Virtue

I

n After Virtue, Alasdair MacIntyre observes that in all classical and heroic societies, “the chief means of moral education is the telling of stories.�

In a real sense the heroes of the Iliad and the Odyssey were the moral tutors of the Greeks. Likewise Aeneas was the model of heroic piety on which young Romans were nurtured. Icelandic and Irish children were suckled on sagas. And the Christian world, which reaped the inheritance of both classical and heroic societies, carried on this tradition of moral education with Bible stories, stories from the lives of saints, and stories of chivalry. To be educated properly was to know of Achilles and Odysseus, Hector and Aeneas, and later to know of Beowulf and Arthur and Percival and the Christian story of salvation.

The telling of stories does not seem to hold a place of much importance in contemporary attempts at moral education. In most American and Canadian schools, the favored methods for developing moral awareness are the moral reasoning approach of Harvard psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg and the values clarification approach developed by University of Massachusetts psychologist Sidney Simon and his colleagues. These models rely heavily on group discussion, analysis of competing claims, and the development of decision-making skills. The closest approximation to a story is the presentation of a moral dilemma: a man contemplates stealing a drug for his dying wife; passengers on a foundering lifeboat www.MemoriaPress.com

speaking, do not have endings. They are open-ended, unfinished. They await your judgment. What should the shelter survivors do next? You decide. Was Heinz right to steal the drug? You decide. There is, in short, no sense that the story is ever complete or definitive. It’s t will be apparent at once that there are important up for grabs and will be again next year with the next differences between these modern “fables” and the class. You can do what you want with these stories; old ones. And the differences give us, in turn, a clue to you cannot with the Odyssey. There is no sense of a the differences in thinking that animate the modern life fully lived or a mission completed. All of which as opposed to the classical and Christian approaches amounts to saying that they are not stories after all. The to moral education. The first difference is that no old storytelling approach to moral education has been attempt is made to delineate character in the moral replaced with something new. dilemma, whereas character is everything The new approach is one from which in the heroic story. In the saga or epic, The old the concepts of character and virtue are everything revolves around the character of the hero—whether he exercises, or storytelling approach entirely missing. From its point of view, the life of a man is envisioned not as a fails to exercise, the virtues. But the characters in the dilemmas have no to moral education has personal story in which accumulated habits and actions may eventually characters, only decisions to make. been replaced with harden into virtue or vice, but as Both Heinz (the man in the purloined a disconnected series of ethical and drug dilemma) and Ulysses must aid something new. other dilemmas—all amenable to rational their wives, but there the comparison ends. solution. If we return to the heroic, classical, Heinz is no Ulysses. He is a blank, a cipher. He and Christian stories, we can see how stark this is there because he is needed to present a dilemma. We contrast is and how radically novel the new approach have no interest in him, only in his case. One cannot is. And although the current techniques of moral imagine parents passing down to their children the education are largely the offspring of psychologists, we saga of Heinz and the stolen drug. may note that the ancients had a more profound grasp The second difference is this: The actors in the of the psychology underlying moral education. dilemmas are not tied to any social particularities— traditions, loyalties, locations, or histories. True, Heinz is attached to his wife, but there is no indication why he he telling of stories—as opposed to the presentation should be. We know why Ulysses is loyal to Penelope, of open-ended dilemmas—implies first of all that since her virtues are carefully enumerated. As in all adults have something to pass on to children, a valuable the old stories the hero’s deeds are rooted in loyalty, inheritance that children might not come by on their not only to homeland and tribe, but also to hearth— own. This is easy enough to accept about other cultures. essential details that are absent from the dilemmas.

“If we were anthropologists observing members of What is implied in this approach is that particular a tribe,” writes Andrew Oldenquist, “it would be the loves and loyalties—the kind that make for a good most natural thing in the world to expect them to story—are largely irrelevant to moral issues. One teach their morality and culture to their children and, can somehow dispense with the prelude of moral moreover, to think that they had a perfect right to do particularities and leap right into the arena of universal so . . . ” If we observed, he continues, that a society principles. The assumption is that the kernel of good failed to do these things, we would conclude that they moral judgment lies in abstract devotion to abstract were “ruined, pitiable, alienated from their own values, principles. In Kohlberg’s scheme, where justice is and on the way out.” As I say, this is easy enough to the sole guiding principle, one must leave mother see for other cultures, but when it comes to our own, and father, wife and husband, and cleave to the a certain inhibition against cultural transmission sets principle of Justice with a capital J. Moreover, there in. A pervasive mentality of nondirectiveness and is the suggestion that devotion to father and mother subjectiveness dictates that we don’t have the right to or attachment between wife and husband may have impose our values on our children. And consequently, nothing to do with the pursuit of justice. As in so much we are forced to create the fiction that each child contemporary psychology, the central concern is with is in his own right a miniature Socrates—a moral the autonomous individual. philosopher, as Kohlberg would have it.

The third difference between the old stories and The traditional view is that adults do possess a the new dilemmas is that the new stories, properly moral treasure, and that to deprive children of it would decide whether to toss their fellows overboard and who should be sacrificed; survivors in a fallout shelter debate whether to admit outsiders to their sanctuary.

I

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How to Teach Virtue

29

in itself show a lack of virtue. We do not, to draw a rough analogy, wait until our children have reached the age of reason before suggesting that they brush their teeth. But sooner or later children will be able to figure out for themselves that brushing is a prudent practice. This is not necessarily true of moral practices.

The moral treasure can be acquired only in a certain way. And if it is not obtained in that way, it is not possessed at all. This is why Aristotle said that only those who have been well brought up can usefully study ethics. And why Plato maintained that the well-bred youth is nurtured from his earliest days to love the Good and the Beautiful “so that when Reason at length comes to him, then bred as he has been, he will hold out his hands in welcome and recognize her because of the affinity he bears to her.”

W

hat, then, is the proper form of education in regard to morality? It is, necessarily, an initiation, “men transmitting manhood to men,” as C. S. Lewis puts it. And this is best accomplished not by direct moral exhortation but indirectly through example and practice.

One cannot have classes in moral education. It is, rather, more like an apprentice learning from a master. “

Yet, even in the most virtuous of societies, adults, recognizing their own shortcomings, have seen the need to point to examples of moral wisdom and moral courage beyond themselves. Hence the reliance on heroic stories as the embodiment of cultural ideals.

When virtues have fallen into desuetude, the need for stories about virtuous and courageous men, women, and children becomes more acute. Aware of this, Lewis created in The Chronicles of Narnia literature of virtue of the type that can be considered both exemplar of and preparation for a mature morality. The Narnia Chronicles certainly seem to embody Aristotle’s dictum that the aim of education is to make the pupil like and dislike what he ought.

But if the heroic stories provide examples, we need to ask, examples of what? It would be a mistake to look upon the heroes of myth and epic as examples of autonomous moral agents or inventors of new moralities (as Nietzsche did), just as it would be a mistake to look upon them as stoic rule-abiders. The heroes of such stories are not moral philosophers, nor are they stoic. They are virtuous, or they strive to be virtuous. For classical and heroic societies and for those that sustain those traditions, morality is not a matter

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How to Teach Virtue

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of following rules or making rules; it has to do with acquiring virtue. The virtues displayed by Achilles are what hold our attention, not any set of maxims he may expound. It is his loyalty to his friends that matters, not his loyalty to principle. Virtues are displayed in his actions, not only in what he says. The heroic man is not a moral pioneer who charts new ethics; rather, he is someone who does what ought to be done.

Even in the Gospel stories, the heroic theme is predominant. As I have written elsewhere, "there is nothing in Christ's attitude about himself to suggest that he saw himself mainly as a teacher. There is a strong suggestion that Jesus looked upon himself as someone who had a job to do. And the quality of that task was not unlike the quest of a Greek or Roman hero." Christ does what is required. He comes to do the will of Him by whom He was sent. He lays down his life for his friends, not for the sake of a principle.

Indeed, in the heroic literature there is usually very little question about what has to be done (most of the moral dilemmas in the Gospels are posed by the Pharisees); the question is whether the hero can resist temptation and do what he ought to do. Will his training in the virtues see him through?

S

tories of virtue, courage, and justice can and should play a central part in the formation of good habit, that is, in the formation of character. Stories provide a way of habituating children to virtue. They help to instill proper sentiments. They reinforce indirectly the more explicit moral teaching of family, church, and school. They provide also a defense against the relentless process of desensitization that goes on in modern societies. And they provide a standard against which erosion of standards can be measured.

In addition, stories expand the imagination. Moral development is not simply a matter of becoming more rational or acquiring decision-making skills. It has to do with vision, the way one looks at life. Indeed, moral evil and sin are sometimes described by theologians as an inability to see rightly. Conversely, moral improvement is often described (by very ordinary people as well as theologians) as the result of seeing things in a different light or seeing them for the first time. “I was blind but now I see” is more than a line from an old hymn; it is the way a great many people look at their moral growth.

The transformation of the moral life is rarely effected without a transformation of imagination. It follows that one of the central tasks of moral education is to nourish the imagination with rich and powerful images of the kind found in stories, myths, poems, biography, and drama. If we wish our children to grow up with a deep and adequate vision of life, we must provide a rich fund for them to draw on.

1-877-862-1097

Moral development

What’s more, stories appeal to the is not simply a child’s normal need for identification, which is matter of becoming a need not for finding more rational or others just like himself (the mistake of so much acquiring decisioncontemporary children’s literature) but for finding making skills. It others who are better than has to do with himself—who are just like he might become if he vision, the way one fulfills his potential for goodness. Identification, looks at life. therefore, is built on pretense, but there is such a thing as good pretense. C. S. Lewis, in writing about his own development, admits to a certain hypocrisy when in the company of an army friend, a man of deep conscience. He then says, “The distinction between pretending you are better than you are and beginning to be better in reality is finer than moral sleuthhounds conceive.”

But we must also be clear about what we mean by a hero. Heroic stories link strength or cunning or resourcefulness with virtue. Galahad’s strength is as the strength of ten because his heart is pure.

Beowulf, who has the strength of thirty men in his grip, is also renowned as “the kindest of worldly kings.” The cunning of Ulysses is used in the service of loyalty to his men. In the old epics the superheroes’ qualities do not end with raw power.

But that seems to be a current trend. Consider the popularity of The Hulk—a television series spun off the comic book of the same name. The Hulk, hardly human, is more like a force of nature; he appears to be, for the most part, amoral.

Moral literature need not be of epic proportions.

There is also a place for stories of manners and duty, decency and virtue, loyalty and friendship on a less epic scale—stories that say, in effect: However ordinary people actually behave toward one another, this is how they ought to behave. The Little House on the Prairie, The Wind in the Willows, and The Hobbit (a combination of heroism and hominess) come to mind as examples of this type of literature. Younger children need stories that are similar but much shorter and can be told orally.

It might be a mistake to inundate a child with too many stories. But it is important that the right kind of stories be repeated over and over until they are nearly learned by heart. After all, if repetition were not such an effective technique in the education of habits, we can be certain that the advertisers would long since have ceased to employ it.

How to Teach Virtue

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Classical Logic

Grades 7+

Traditional Logic by Martin Cothran Book I: An Introduction to Formal Logic Book II: Advanced Formal Logic Grades 7+

Traditional Logic I Set + DVDs $68.95

ONLINE ACADEMY

The Traditional Logic program is an in-depth study of the classical syllogism.

In Book I, students will gain a basic understanding of terms, statements, and simple categorical arguments. Book II completes the study of the simple categorical syllogism, advances to hypothetical syllogisms, and continues the study of logic by covering complex argument forms, great arguments from history, and case studies of great arguments.

(Each book can be used as either a one-semester or one-year course.)

“This is the best exposition of Aristotelian logic I have yet seen aimed at homeschoolers ...” - Mary Pride Basic Logical Terms, Concepts, & Procedures • Truth, validity, soundness • The four logical statements • Major, minor, and middle terms • 4 ways statements can be opposite • 3 ways statements can be equivalent • Distribution of terms • The 7 rules for validity

Clear & Systematic Presentation • Daily exercises to ensure mastery • Example arguments • Historic argument case studies • Emphasis on language, not math

Traditional Logic I Set $31.90

BEST BU Y!

Student Book $29.95

DVDs $45.00

Answer Key $1.95

Traditional Logic II Set + DVDs $68.95

A Variety of Learning Strategies

Traditional Logic II Set $31.90

BEST BU Y!

Student Book $29.95

DVDs $45.00

• Clear and concise text explanations • Reading comprehension questions • Practical application • Creative invention

Advanced Concepts & Argument Forms (Book II) • Figure & mood in syllogisms • Syllogism reduction • Hypothetical reasoning • Chain arguments • The dilemma • The "oblique" syllogism

Material Logic: A Course in How to Think

by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

Answer Key $1.95

Material Logic I Set + DVDs $68.95

ONLINE ACADEMY

The principles of material logic, an important part of trivium language study, are now almost completely forgotten—a casualty of the almost exclusive modern secular emphasis on the quantitative sciences. This has resulted in the rise of systems of modern logic that are more math than logic. Formal logic was once termed minor (or lesser) logic, while material logic usually went by the name of major (or greater) logic—possibly a measure of how important classical thinkers considered it.

Material Logic I Set $31.90

BEST BU Y!

Student Book $29.95

DVDs $45.00

New

There is a huge gap between formal logic courses and so-called “thinking skills” courses. Formal logic focuses exclusively on the systematic study of the structure of reasoning. “Thinking skills” courses, on the other hand, tend to suffer from a highly nonsystematic, topic-hopping approach, where the student is unable to see how one principle connects with another.

Whether you want a follow-on course to Memoria Press’ popular Traditional Logic program, or simply an introduction to logic for high school students, this program is a valuable tool in teaching your student how to think.

Answer Key $1.95

Logic Supplements Handbook of Christian Apologetics:

Socrates Meets Jesus: History’s Greatest

$17.99

$11.99

Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions

by Peter Kreeft & Ronald Tacelli

32

Classical Logic

Questioner Confronts the Claims of Christ

by Peter Kreeft

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Classical Rhetoric

Grades 9+

Classical Rhetoric

by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

ONLINE ACADEMY

Classical Rhetoric with Aristotle is a guided tour through the first part of the greatest single book on communication ever written: Aristotle’s Rhetoric. With questions that will help the student unlock every important aspect of the book, along with fill-in-theblank charts and analyses of great speeches, this companion text to Aristotle’s great work will send the student on a voyage of discovery from which he will return with a competent knowledge of the basic classical principles of speech and writing.

Classical Rhetoric Set + Supplements $140.00 Classical Rhetoric Set $94.95

Student Book $39.95

Answer Key $4.95

BEST BU Y!

Required Strongly recommended

DVDs $55.00

$3.50

$16.99

$29.95

What's Inside ...

How to Persuade

This is more than just a course in English or public speaking. It involves a study of the fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics, and traditional psychology. A student learns not only the elements of a political speech, but also the elements of good character; not only how to give a legal speech, but also the seven reasons people act; not only how to give a ceremonial speech, but what elicits specific emotions under particular circumstances and why.

• The three elements of speechmaking • The difference between argument and persuasion • The four uses of rhetoric • The two kinds of persuasive proof • The three kinds of persuasive speech • The three modes of persuasion • The five topics of political rhetoric • The four forms of government • The nine virtues • The five legal means of persuasion • The seven reasons people do things • The 28 lines of argument • The nine ways rhetoric goes bad

Classical Rhetoric Text

• Sample weekly plan • Clear explanation of lesson components • Easy-to-read layout • Reading questions • Figures of speech • Evaluative & analysis questions • How to Read a Book questions • Case studies from Homer, Plato, Shakespeare, Lincoln, Marc Antony, and much more!

"Our study of logic led us to use Martin Cothran’s book on rhetoric ... Our oldest finished it last month and ate it up; he wants to study constitutional law and we are very happy with the foundation he has received because of Cothran’s materials." - Kendra F.

Rhetoric Supplements Aristotle's Rhetoric

edited by Edward Corbett

$3.50 This book contains the same Rhys Roberts translation of Aristotle's Rhetoric used in Classical Rhetoric. Selected because of its clarity and simplicity, its carefully chosen terminology distinguishes this translation from all others currently available. The text is broken down into three sections, each one dealing with the speaker, the audience, and the speech.

Memoria's Classical Rhetoric studies the first two books.

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How to Read A Book: A Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading

by Mortimer Adler & Charles Van Doren

$16.99 How to Read a Book is a classic statement of the art of reading. By "art," we mean what classical thinkers meant by that term: namely, an organized, systematic method. It contains clear and useful instructions on how to determine what kind of book you are reading, the four levels of reading, and how to read different kinds of books. The author leads the student step by step through an excellent course in how to read. Through the Reading Exercises in Classical Rhetoric, all the principles learned in this book are applied directly to Aristotle's Rhetoric so students can see exactly how to use them.

Figures of Speech: 60 Ways to Turn a Phrase

by Arthur Quinn

$29.95 This is one of the cleverest books we have ever come across. It presents 60 of the most common classical figures of speech and gives examples from classic literature of each. The quotations alone (many from the KJV Bible & Shakespeare) are worth the price of the book. This book is integrated into Memoria's Classical Rhetoric program through the Figures of Speech exercises at the beginning of each chapter.

Classical Rhetoric

33

by Martin Cothran

I

f you wanted to learn to be a mathematician, you wouldn't want to just read about mathematics; you would want to actually do math. If you wanted to learn how to write, you wouldn't settle for just reading about writing; you would want instruction that involved actually writing yourself. The same thing goes for music and sports and a multitude of other accomplishments.

The art of logic is like math and writing and these other things: You can't learn how to do them without actually doing them.

In this regard, most logic books are not logic books; they are books about logic. But doing logic and reading about logic are two very different things.

I noticed a post on a website recently that made reference to one particular book that was used in a logic course, one I had never seen before. It looked like a fine book about logic, and one that I will probably pick up for my own enrichment. It defines logic, divides it, and generally explains what logic is. Now that certainly is a part of actually learning logic, but just reading and studying a book

34

like this will not train you to actually use logic yourself.

There is another popular book which I actually have in my library. It is a useful book for someone who knows logic or generally how to argue. It has a lot of great tips about things you should do when you are actually engaged in argumentation, but, like the first book, it doesn’t actually teach logic. The rules are correct—and they are useful, but, like most such rules, they are most useful to those who have already learned the subject, and of very limited use to those who haven’t.

These are books about logic. They are not logic books.

The Difference Between Books About Logic & Logic Books

www.MemoriaPress.com

"... most logic books are not logic books; they are books about logic.

But doing logic and reading about logic are two very different things."

The same is true about most books that teach fallacies. Of course, they do not really teach fallacies.

There wouldn't be much use in having students learn how to commit fallacies, would there? What these books do is teach students how to identify certain bad argument forms, but without a fuller understanding of logic, they will not understand why they are wrong. It is difficult to say why something is not correct reasoning when students have only studied incorrect reasoning.

Besides, simply identifying something is not much of a defense. I can identify the gun in the hand of an assailant, but it will do little good in not getting shot.

In order to be able to use logic, you have to spend time methodically learning a number of particular concepts and practice them repeatedly. You then have to practice applying these concepts to arguments, and know how to internally manipulate arguments.

To master logic, you have to understand the basic uses of words, the types of logical statements, and the rules of validity for arguments. A student who really knows logic will know how to construct his own arguments of different specific kinds, how to back into a missing premise, and how to turn categorical arguments that are not in deductive form into ones that are deductive in structure.

Most modern logic programs pass these things over because they are books about logic rather than logic books.

If a student is able to do these things competently, then he knows all the important aspects of logic. If he can't, then you cannot say he knows how to "do" logic. A true logician is a practitioner of the subject, not a spectator only.

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Suggested Logic Timeline 3rd-6th 7th

Solid grounding in mathematics & Latin: Great preparatory skills for logical thought.

Traditional Logic I: A study of the basic elements of simple arguments.

8th

Traditional Logic II: An advanced course that completes the study of the simple categorical syllogism, covers hypothetical syllogisms, and studies all complex argument forms.

9th

Material Logic: A study of the 10 ways something can exist, the 5 ways of saying something about something else, definition, and classification.

10th 11th-12th

Informal Fallacies: A study of the ways in which argumentation can go wrong so the student can avoid it himself and point it out in the reasoning of others. *Text not yet published, but online course available.

Classical Rhetoric: A study which incorporates logic into the broader context of persuasive communication.

*Students in 9th grade can complete both Traditional Logic books in one year.

Material Logic and informal fallacies can be covered in one year in 10th grade.

Traditional Logic I

Introduction to Formal Logic

by Martin Cothran Grades 7+ The Traditional Logic program is an in-depth study of the classical syllogism. In Book I, students will gain a basic understanding of terms, statements, and simple categorical arguments ...

$68.95 (Learn more on p. 32)

The Difference Between Books About Logic & Logic Books

35

Christian Studies

Grades 3-12

Christian Studies IV

A Chronological Overview of the Bible Grades 6-8

New

Christian Studies BEST BU Y!

Grades 3-6

$119.95

Christian Studies Set

(The Golden Children's Bible + Books I-III: Student & Teacher Guides)

Book I: All Major Bible Stories up to the Entry Into Canaan $17.95 Book I Student Book $20.95 Book I Teacher Manual

Book II: The Rise and Fall of Israel, the Period of the Prophets

$17.95 $20.95

Christian Studies IV Student Book Christian Studies IV Teacher Manual

Christian Studies IV takes students back through the highlights of the Bible, reviewing drill questions, Scripture memory passages, and more! This study guide can serve as a review course for Christian Studies I-III or stand alone as a survey study of the Bible. We give you the Scripture passages where the answers to the drill questions can be found so that you can read through the Bible by touching on the major stories and characters. This course is a great preparation for studying early church history in the upper school years.

$17.95 Book II Student Book $20.95 Book II Teacher Manual

City of God

Book III: All Major New Testament Stories $17.95 Book III Student Book $20.95 Book III Teacher Manual This three-year series thoughtfully guides your child through The Golden Children's Bible, teaching him/her the fundamentals of Bible stories, history, and geography, with solid detail at a manageable pace. Students do not merely skim the surface; they embark on a three-year Bible reading course that builds faith by teaching Salvation History as real history. Using these guides, your student will be well prepared for the good work of advanced Christian studies.

Students work through one third of The Golden Children's Bible in each year. The Student Book offers 30 lessons, each comprised of: • Weekly memory verses • Map and timeline work • Review lessons and tests every 5 lessons • Comprehension, drill, and discussion questions • References The Golden Children's Bible page numbers as well as actual Scripture references

The Teacher Manual offers: • Insight and background information for each lesson • Additional discussion, composition, or research prompts • Helpful notes for the teacher

The Golden $17.95 Children's Bible "I love the way it is written, and the pictures keep my 4-year-old's attention." - Kim This book was chosen because of its slightly simplified, but poetically appealing King James text along with its beautiful, accurate, and age-appropriate illustrations. This is important because we believe students should learn to revere the Bible as a sacred book, distinct from stories with cartoon heroes.

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Christian Studies

Beta!

Grades 10-12

$17.95 City of God Student Guide Beta! $20.95 City of God Teacher Guide Beta! $13.95 City of God (Ed. by Vernon J. Bourke) The City of God, arguably Augustine's greatest book, influenced Western society more powerfully than perhaps any other book except the Bible. To study the City of God is to study the source of some of Western society’s greatest and most cherished beliefs. The book serves as the cultural fountainhead of all that followed, and it is unlikely that it will ever be equaled. The study guide aids students in comprehending Augustine's masterpiece. The teacher guide contains helpful chapter summarizations as well as a thorough introduction to teaching this course effectively.

Don't let your students miss the study of this influential book that helped to shape some of the most important intellectual, theological, and political issues of the Western world that are just as relevant today as 1,500 years ago.

Christian Studies Suggested Timeline Grade 3rd +

Program Christian Studies I: a study of all major Bible stories in the Torah using The

Golden Children's Bible

4th +

Christian Studies II: a study of the rise and fall of Israel and the prophets

5th +

Christian Studies III: a study of all major Bible stories in the New Testament

6th +

Christian Studies IV: an overview of the entire Bible, reviewing stories, drill

7th +

The Ancient World (Dorothy Mills): a study of the ancient religions

8th +

Eusebius, Early Christian Writings, and the Book of Acts: a

10th +

City of God: an in-depth study of Augustine's masterpiece

of the Old Testament using The Golden Children's Bible

(with a concentration on the Gospels) using The Golden Children's Bible

facts, and Scripture learned in Christian Studies I-III

of the Egyptians, Hittites, Phoenicians, Babylonians, and Assyrians to the revelation of Yahweh to the Hebrew people

study of early Christian history taught through primary sources written by Luke, Ignatius, Clement, Eusebius, and more

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Grades 3-8

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths Grades 3-8

$45.95 Greek Myths Set (Student, Teacher, Text)

$18.95 Greek Myths Text $17.95 Greek Myths Student Guide $17.95 Greek Myths Teacher Guide

This is an ideal beginning book for your child’s classical education journey, regardless of age!

Superbly written and illustrated, this classic introduces timeless tales that have enchanted people for thousands of years. Because they are everywhere in Western art and literature, Greek myths are the essential background for a classical education. You can hardly read Shakespeare without them!

ONLINE ACADEMY

Each of the 30 lessons in the Student Guide presents important facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and a picture review and activities section. It also points out the many references to Greek mythology in the modern world.

Famous Men Study Guides: The Famous Men study guides include famous quotes, key people and places, vocabulary words, comprehension questions, and activities that include mapwork, discussion questions, and research projects. These programs also come with an appendix of supplements, including ancient maps, timelines, drill questions, and drawing pages.

BEST BU Y!

Famous Men Set $39.95

(Rome, the Middle Ages, Greece, or Modern Times)

Textbook $16.95

Student Guide $17.95

Teacher Guide $17.95

Classical Studies Flashcards: $12.95 ea. Choose from: Greek Myths, Greece, Rome, or the Middle Ages Our new flashcard sets will enable your child to memorize and master New the basic facts about Greece, Rome, and the Middle Ages, as well as Greek mythology. Keyed to our study guides, each set has 100 cards, each with an important fact. On one side is the question, and on the other is the answer. Your student will quickly master all the basic knowledge needed for advanced study in classical studies.

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Classical Studies Famous Men of Rome Grades 4-8

Famous Men of Rome is ideal for beginners of all ages who are fascinated by the action and drama of Rome.

ONLINE Inside are 30 stories, covering all of ancient Rome’s ACADEMY history, from its founding to its demise. Your child will witness the rise and fall of a great civilization through the lives of larger-than-life figures. *To upgrade your old copy of this book to the new color edition, contact us at 877-862-1097.

Famous Men of the Middle Ages Grades 5-8

The story of the Middle Ages is told through the lives of Attila the Hun, Charlemagne, William the Conqueror, ONLINE Edward the Black Prince, and Joan of Arc, among ACADEMY others. This course guides students through the turbulent “dark age” of history and illustrates the transition from the end of ancient times to the birth of the modern era.

(A perfect precursor to Famous Men of Modern Times.)

Famous Men of Greece Grades 5-8

If the Romans were history’s great men of action, the Greeks were history’s great men of thought. Dive into the ONLINE lives and minds of thirty-two famous Greeks ACADEMY through stories detailing the rise, Golden Age, and fall of Greece. The triumphs of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Ulysses, Pericles, Alexander the Great, and many others will enable your students to understand why the scope of Greek accomplishment is still known today as “The Greek Miracle.”

Famous Men of Modern Times Grades 6-8

Modern history—history, that is, after the fall of Constantinople in 1453—can sometimes seem like a confusing jumble ONLINE of unrelated events. As a result, many curricula ACADEMY needlessly avoid this exciting period of history.

Memoria Press’ Famous Men of Modern Times will bring the events of the last 500 years to life. These stories provide great insight into the foundations of the modern world. Balanced and well-written, with many interesting details and beautiful color illustrations, Famous Men of Modern Times is perhaps Haaran and Poland’s best work.

Classical Studies

37

Classical Studies

Grades 6+

The Trojan War

The Divine Comedy

Grades 6-8

The best preparation we have found for reading Homer, this study guide set was written to be used with Olivia Coolidge's The Trojan War, our favorite retelling of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. Each study guide lesson has reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and an enrichment section that includes extra discussion topics, writing projects, art, and map work. After studying The Trojan War with our study guide, your student will know Homer's main characters, the gods and goddesses, and the main storyline of the Iliad and Odyssey. $24.90 $11.95 $12.95 $6.95

The Trojan War Set (Student Guide & Teacher Guide) The Trojan War Student Guide The Trojan War Teacher Guide The Trojan War (Olivia Coolidge)

The Iliad and the Odyssey Grades 7+

Western civilization begins with the Iliad and Odyssey. This study guide includes both of Homer's books within one guide, based on the Samuel Butler translation.

This is a perfect place to start your study of the Great Books. Our Teacher Guide has the student pages inset with the answers, and each lesson has teacher notes around the inset student pages, giving the teacher all the background information needed to teach these books. This study guide will help bring Homer’s great works alive for your student. $33.90 $16.95 $16.95 $19.95

Iliad & Odyssey Set (Student Guide & Teacher Guide) Iliad & Odyssey Student Guide Iliad & Odyssey Teacher Guide Iliad & Odyssey (Samuel Butler translation)

The Aeneid

Grades 8+

There are three works that are at the source of Western culture: the Iliad, the Odyssey, and the Aeneid. After you have completed your study of Homer, the Aeneid is your next logical Great Book to study. Virgil's epic story of the founding of Rome will come alive when read with the help of our study guide as you continue your quest to master the classics. After reading Homer and Virgil, your students will have completed their first big step on the road to being classically educated! This is a great preparation for Latin AP Virgil also. $16.95 The Aeneid Student Guide $16.95 The Aeneid Teacher Guide $12.00 The Aeneid (David West translation)

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Classical Studies

Grades 10+

Upon the literary foundation of the West laid by the hands of Homer and Virgil sits a cathedral. That cathedral is Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. One of the crown jewels of both Western and Christian literature, the Comedy is an epic, allegorical poem accounting Dante’s spiritual journey of redemption that takes him through the pit of Hell (the Inferno) to the Beatific Vision of God (the Paradiso). The Comedy is necessary to any classical curriculum, for it is the union of two traditions, both Christian and classical. Let us be a Virgil (Dante’s guide in the Comedy) as we help guide your older student with helpful study questions, reading notes for difficult lines, and tests and quizzes for mastery. Let us also introduce your student to a great book meant to be read for a lifetime. $16.95 Divine Comedy Student Guide $16.95 Divine Comedy Teacher Guide $20.00 The Divine Comedy (John Ciardi translation)

New

Dorothy Mills Histories Grades 6+

The Book of the Ancient World The Book of the Ancient Greeks The Book of the Ancient Romans Beta!

The Middle Ages Beta!

Dorothy Mills wrote some wonderful history books in the 1920s that Memoria Press is proud to bring back into publication—with added illustrations! One invaluable feature of these books is their use of primary sources from some of history’s major writers such as Herodotus, Aeschylus, Thucydides, Homer, Cicero, Plutarch, Livy, and more. This makes them a great preparation for reading these authors in high school.

We wrote study guides to go with Mills' books so that you can have a total classical history curriculum in the middle and/or high school years (see Classical Studies Map on next page). Our study guides contain reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, enrichment activities, maps, and tests. $39.95 Complete Set

(Choose one: Ancient World, Ancient Greeks, Ancient Romans)

$17.95 Student Guide (each) $17.95 Teacher Guide (each) $16.95 Text (each)

www.MemoriaPress.com

Classical Studies Map

memoria press recommended curriculum agenda If you don't begin your classical education until middle or high school, it is never too late! We would suggest that you start with Year 5 of our Classical Studies Map and move forward from there. Before beginning your study of the classics, it is always helpful if your student has a basic knowledge of Greek mythology (D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths [p. 37]) and has read a retelling of the Trojan War (Olivia Coolidge's The Trojan War [p. 38]).

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Year 6

Year 7

The Iliad & the Odyssey

The Aeneid

The Divine Comedy

Book of the Ancient Romans

City of God

The History of the Church

Ten Plays by Euripides

Famous Men of Greece

The Trojan War The Book of the Ancient World

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

Famous Men of Rome

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

BETA testing now!

Horatius at the Bridge The Book of Ancient Greece

Ancient Civilization Wall Maps $35.00 $19.95

For All Ages!

Large Wall Maps (24'' x 33'') Small Wall Maps (11'' x 17'')

Make the ancient civilization stories come alive on your classroom walls.

These color wall maps are perfect for any classical education classroom.

Each set includes individual maps of Greece, Italy, the City of Rome, and the Roman Empire. These maps contain all the hot spots in the classical world, including the famous cities, countries, rivers, lakes, mountains, and oceans.

Early Christian Writings

The Oresteia

Gospel of Mark Three Theban Plays

Introduction to Classical Studies Guide

(Guide only)

$24.95

Grades 3-6

Your passport to a classical education, this course is based on the teaching and classroom experience of Cheryl Lowe's cottage school classes. Designed for use with D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths, Famous Men of Rome, and The Golden Children's Bible, this guide will show you how to teach, learn, and master the stories that are fundamental to a classical education. The guide contains a three-year reading plan.

$77.80 Introduction to Classical Studies Set (Intro. to Classical Studies Guide,

Horatius at the Bridge:

All-in-one Poem Study Guide & Test Grades 6+

$14.95

Our study guide contains the complete text and a comprehensive study guide, including glossed vocabulary, maps, character and plot synopses, meter, comprehension questions, teaching guidelines, and a test. It takes about 15 minutes for a student to recite this ballad from memory, and this year fourteen 6th graders at Highlands Latin School won the Winston Churchill Award for performing this amazing feat.

Famous Men of Rome text, D'Aulaires' Greek Myths book, The Golden Children's Bible)

1-877-862-1097

Classical Studies

39

The Top 10 Reasons

Why should

Christians read the

pagan classics?

Reason #2: Virtue

I

Cheryl Lowe is the author of the popular Latin programs, Latina Christiana, Lingua Angelica, and the First Form Latin series, as well as the First Start Reading phonics program. Cheryl discovered Latin when she homeschooled her sons and is the selfstyled apostle of Latin, claiming that Latin has more educational value than any other subject you can teach your children. Cheryl graduated from the University of Louisville with a degree in Chemistry and from Western Kentucky University with an M.S. in Biology. Cheryl and her son Brian founded Memoria Press in 1998 and, in 2000, the highly successful Highlands Latin School, where all of the Memoria Press products are taught and field-tested.

40

n the last article, we learned that the Greeks established the first principles of architecture by studying nature. The proportions that are most pleasing to the human eye are those of nature’s greatest work of art—the human body. We learned that God gave man reason and the desire to know, but he did not leave us without guides. He gave us the Greeks, the world's first systematic, abstract thinkers.

And so we study and honor the Greeks because they teach us how to use reason to explore and understand our world, a world that is material and immaterial. The Greeks, you see, are most famous for their study of things immaterial, the world of metaphysics, the human soul, ethics, and virtue.

We hear a lot about values today but not much about virtue. The word seems quaint, even archaic. We hardly know how to define it. Aristotle tells us that virtue is excellence at being human. The virtues are the powers or moral habits that enable us to be what we ought to be, to achieve our telos (our end or purpose in life).

Today we have reduced all virtues to one—tolerance; being nice, being kind; Jesus loves me just like I am; unconditional love; I’m okay, you’re okay; cheap grace. Our standards are unbelievably low. We have absorbed the philosophy of materialism, and we care more about comfort and happiness than about excellence. We are not only soft, we are wimps. But we can learn something from the Greeks and Romans that our Christian forebears knew and practiced—virtue, what the Greeks called arête.

Socrates was the first to talk about virtue. While the pre-Socratics, like Thales and Heraclitus, were interested in the material world, and the Sophists were interested in winning arguments, Socrates was interested in virtue. And so we honor Socrates because he teaches us to think about first things first. Nearly all of Socrates’ dialogues are about virtue, what it is and how we get it. Socrates asks everyone he meets, "What is virtue?

What is justice? What is piety?" He didn’t know, and he came to realize that nobody else knew either. Socrates was after definitions, after essences, after first principles.

In the Republic, Plato was the first to formulate the four cardinal virtues and to map the human soul. Why are there four cardinal virtues? The word "cardinal" comes from cardes, meaning "hinge." The other virtues such as patience, humility, honesty, chastity, and loyalty hinge on the cardinal virtues. If you don’t have these four, you can’t have the others. The four cardinal virtues are: 1. Temperance (moderation) 3. Fortitude (courage) 2. Prudence (wisdom)

4. Justice

How did Plato come up with these four virtues? They follow logically from his analysis of the tripartite soul, a soul which has three parts: the appetite, the will, www.MemoriaPress.com

and the intellect. Temperance is the virtue of the appetites; fortitude is the virtue that strengthens the will (the heart); and prudence or wisdom is the virtue of the intellect. And the fourth virtue, justice, is the right ordering of the other three. Justice is the harmony of the soul, where the intellect guides the will, and the will guides the appetites. Justice begins with the individual soul. There is no justice in society unless individual men have justice. To have harmony in society, we must have harmony in individual souls.

Aristotle addresses the virtues in his Nichomachean Ethics, one of the most influential works of all time. He shows us how the virtues are means between two extremes.

For instance, courage is the mean between being rash and foolhardy on the one hand and timid and fearful on the other. The name Nichomachean, by the way, comes from Aristotle’s son Nichomachus. Aristotle was teaching his son (and us) the principles of virtue in the individual and in the state, for Aristotle based his politics on his ethics.

Politics based on ethics? Another quaint idea.

Aristotle based his ethics on the telos of man, his final cause. Aristotle described man as he is, but also man as he is meant to be. Man’s end is to fulfill his own nature, which leads to a true, lasting state of happiness. But the Greeks had no solution for the Gordian knot of human virtue and our failure to achieve it. For man alone, of all God's creatures, fails to achieve his telos, his purpose, the fourth of Aristotle’s Four Causes. Every other creature does what it is supposed to do, except man. What is wrong with us?

Plato said the cause of man’s failure is ignorance, for man would not knowingly do what is not good for him. And so Plato constructed his ideal Republic, where philosopher kings would receive the ideal education that would lead to true wisdom and virtue and thus guide the rest of us into doing what we ought to do. In the abstract, Plato may have been right, for human reason is limited and we do not understand the full consequences of our actions. Evil is often choosing a lesser good over a greater one.

But in reality, Plato’s answer, while it preserves the logic, seems very wrong. It fails the test of experience. For we all know that we fail every day to do what we know is best.

It’s not a lack of knowledge, but a lack of virtue, the moral habits that enable us to do what we ought.

And here we see another value of Greek wisdom: It leads us to Christ. It is just where human reason has reached its limit that revelation gives us an answer that satisfies the mind and the heart. We fail to achieve virtue because we are fallen. The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak, as Scripture says. Greek reason failed to see the nature of sin and man’s need of salvation. The whole salvation story of Scripture explains how and why we are not what we are supposed to be, and what we can do about it.

Read the Apology of Socrates and you will be impressed with his incredibly high ideals.

I admire Socrates for expressing so eloquently the true purpose of life and his unrelenting search for truth. But the Apology is also defeating because I could never live up to Socrates' ideal of a soul that is truly worthy of immortality. No one ever lived up to this ideal but him. I think his Apology must have haunted the Greeks and all subsequent generations in the ancient world. Who could live up to such an ideal? The Stoics tried, and Marcus Aurelius comes to mind. But the Stoics seem so, well, stoic … and sad.

Rereading the Apology of Socrates has made me realize why the Gospel is called the Good News, and how good it was to the Greeks, as well as the Jews. The Jews couldn’t live up to the Law, and the Greeks couldn’t live up to Socrates. Scripture shows us our true human condition in a way the Greeks did not and could not—our relationship to God, that we are sinners, a fallen race in need of redemption, that sin separates us from God, that God loves us and offers us grace and salvation, a free gift! This is the good news that has been revealed in Scripture and the person of Jesus Christ, and nowhere else. Right where the Greeks went wrong, Scripture sets us right. The answer in Scripture accords with experience—it makes sense, and our hearts assent to its truth.

And this is why the Christians had joy even when facing the lions in the Coliseum, and the pagans—even the best of them—did not.

1-877-862-1097

Reading Assignment: Cicero: On Obligations (De Officiis) Peter Kreeft: Back to Virtue Aristotle and Plato are not easy to read for us beginners so I suggest you begin your study of ancient philosopy with Cicero.

Cicero made a study of Greek philosophy and wrote his works as introductions for his Roman colleagues so they could have the benefit of Greek wisdom. His work De Officiis (On Obligations, or On Duties), like Aristotle's Ethics, was written for his son.

Peter Kreeft's Back to Virtue is written from a Christian perspective and will inspire you to value virtue!

41

Science

Grades 3-8

Book of Astronomy

What's That Bird?

Beta!

Grades 5+

Grades 3+

This astronomy program covers stars, constellations, and the motion of the earth, as well as the sky as seen throughout all the seasons, including the "Summer Triangle" and seasonal zodiacs. This program was developed with third graders in mind, but it is also great for older students! $31.90 Complete Set (Student & Teacher) $14.95 Astronomy Student Guide $16.95 Astronomy Teacher Guide

What's That Bird? teaches students about birds, their anatomy, and how they live. The workbook includes facts to know, comprehension questions, and characteristics of individual birds. Students will learn about 30 common birds, as well as several incredible birds! $48.00 What's That Bird? Set (Student, Teacher, What's That Bird?,

Book of Insects Grades 4+

$11.95 $12.95 $14.95 $5.95 $7.95

Peterson Birds Guide, Peterson Birds Coloring Book)

What's That Bird? Student Guide What's That Bird? Teacher Key What's That Bird?: A Beginner's Guide to Backyard Birding Peterson First Guide: Birds Peterson Field Guide Color-In Book: Birds

This set includes a classic reader that takes a narrative approach to the life of insects and a workbook that takes your student through the different kinds of insects. $45.00 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $5.95

Complete Set (Student, Teacher, Reader, & Peterson Guide) Book of Insects Workbook Book of Insects Teacher Key Book of Insects Peterson First Guide: Insects

Exploring the History of Medicine Turn this Birds Unit Study into a full-year science course with the addition of John Tiner's Exploring the History of Medicine. $65.00 What's That Bird? Set + Exploring the History of

$13.99 $5.00

The Story of the World

Medicine + Exploring the History of Medicine Quizzes, Reviews, and Tests Exploring the History of Medicine Exploring the History of Medicine Quizzes, Reviews, and Tests

by Susan Wise Bauer

New supplement to the Memoria Press Classical Core Curriculum! (pp. 8-9) We have always been fans of Susan Wise Bauer's Story of the World series, but we never seemed able to find room for it in our curriculum in the past. We recently came up with the great idea of adding it as a supplement to our Classical Core packages (pp. 8-9) for summer reading! So, we have decided to recommend that our Classical Core students read through Volume 1 in the summer before they begin 4th grade, Volume 2 before 5th grade, Volume 3 before 6th grade, and Volume 4 before 7th grade. Each volume fits perfectly as an overview to the time period students will be studying in the coming year (either in Classical or American/Modern Studies).

The Story of the World has won numerous awards and continues to stand out as a top pick for homeschoolers. These books make a great addition to any classroom!

New

Grades 1-8 Vol. 1

Vol. 2

Vol. 3

Vol. 4

$16.95 ea. (paperback only) Volume 1: Ancient Times From the Earliest Nomads to the Last Roman Emperor Volume 2: The Middle Ages From the Fall of Rome to the Rise of the Renaissance Volume 3: Early Modern Times From Elizabeth the First to the Forty-Niners Volume 4: The Modern Age From Victoria's Empire to the End of the USSR

42

Science & Story of the World

www.MemoriaPress.com

American/Modern Studies

Grades 3-8

Beta!

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic Grades 5-8

We have looked, and we cannot find an American history study on a grammar school level that we think rivals H. A. Guerber's 2-volume American history set from the turn of the 20th century. So, rather than settle for lesser quality, we have combined Guerber's The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Story of the Great Republic into one edited volume that makes it a perfect one-year survey of American history for the middle school years.

NEW! Our new study guide for this course includes

important facts, vocabulary, and comprehension questions for each chapter, as well as enrichment activities such as mapwork, drawings, research, writing assignments, and more!

States & Capitals Grades 3-6

This study guide thoroughly teaches the states and capitals of the United States.

Each state is given a 2-page spread that includes a map with room to write the state capital, nickname, abbreviation, and fun facts about the state. By the end of this year-long course, students will be able to label all 50 states on a U.S. map (with the capitals). Thorough teaching instructions are included, and there is a teacher key available with tests. We recommend that this guide be used with Don’t Know Much About the 50 States. $30.00 $11.95 $12.95 $7.99

Complete Set (student, teacher, Don't Know Much About the 50 States) States & Capitals Student Guide States & Capitals Teacher Guide Don't Know Much About the 50 States

Geography

The Middle East, North Africa, and Europe

$16.95 Text $17.95 Student Study Guide $17.95 Teacher Guide Note: The 200 Questions About American History Guide is now included in the Guerber study guide or may be purchased separately for $14.95.

The Artner Reader's Guide to American History Grades 3-8

The Artners have read and researched, selected and catalogued, the best of children’s American history books—both in and out of print. There is no chaff to sift through here. When you read their descriptions of some of the great writers of American history for children, you will be as excited as we were.

Grades 4+

A unique geography program designed for students pursuing a classical education, Geography of the Middle East, North Africa, and Europe covers the area that constituted the ancient Roman Empire. Each region is explored in its historical context in “History’s Headlines” as well as in the present in “Tour of Today.” Your student will learn countries and capitals of today and relate them to the ancient lands of the Greeks and Romans, deepening his understanding of both the past and the present. $14.95 Geography I Text $11.95 Geography I Workbook $12.95 Geography I Teacher Guide

The United States

$23.90 Set (Artner Guide + Everything You Need to Know

About American History Homework)

Grades 3-8

This book is a desk reference guide that provides charts, maps, timelines, and short summaries of important facts about American history. It makes a perfect companion alongside Guerber’s The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic. It is a valuable resource for American history throughout your school years. $9.99

Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

1-877-862-1097

New

Review of Memoria Press' States & Capitals (shown above)

$14.95 Artner Reader's Guide to American History

Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

New

Grades 4+

This study guide will help students retain the knowledge they gained in their study of States & Capitals by reviewing each region of the U.S. four times throughout the school year. This review takes very little time and makes a great companion to Geography: The Middle East, North Africa, and Europe. $5.00 $7.95 New

United States Student Workbook United States Teacher Key, Quizzes, & Tests

$48.00

Complete Geography Set (Geography I Text, Workbook, and Teacher Guide + United States Review Workbook & Teacher Key)

American/Modern Studies

43

Saving Western civilization one student at a time ...

2012 Conference

Lexington Latin School (Lexington, KY) faculty joins us for training and fellowship.

Highland Rim Academy (Cookeville, TN) enjoys a break between workshops.

Rev. Chad Lawrence of Holy Trinity Classical Christian School (Beaufort, South Carolina) and his teachers prepare for the opening of their new school in the fall.

Gulf Pointe Academy (Navarre, Florida) joins us for training as they expand their school in the fall.

Cheryl Lowe speaks about the necessity for Latin and classical studies.

44

Cheryl Lowe, Headmistress of Highlands Latin School and Memoria Press founder

www.MemoriaPress.com

More than 150 classical educators from across the country gathered to learn and discuss Memoria Press' Classical Core Curriculum at our third annual conference in Louisville, Kentucky.

A good time was had by all ...

Heritage Study Center (Hudson, Ohio) joins us every year, and we were happy to see them again this year.

Andrew Pudewa and Martin Cothran entertain the crowd with an impromptu comedy routine.

1-877-862-1097

Highlands Latin School (Indianapolis) discuss what they learned.

Break time between workshops.

Highlands Latin School teachers take a break from giving workshops.

Cheryl Swope (plenary speaker) visits with attendees.

Grammar school workshop led by Highlands Latin School teachers.

45

Passing on the culture of the Christian West ...

CLSA Partner Schools ...

Highlands Latin School Louisville, KY

www.thelatinschool.org 2800 Frankfort Ave., Louisville, KY 40206 502-895-5333 admissions@thelatinschool.org

Indianapolis, IN

www.indylatinschool.org 1010 E. 126th Street, Carmel, IN 46033 317-519-5501 jhuston@thelatinschool.org

Paducah, KY

www.thelatinschool.org/aboutus/hlspaducah 701 Broadway, Paducah, KY 42001 270-519-7708 jessica@thelatinschool.org.

Lexington Latin School

www.thelexingtonlatinschool.com 483 W. Reynolds Road, Lexington, KY 40503 859-223-1927 jeanniedavis@lexingtonlatinschool.com

Auburn Classical Academy

www.auburnclassicalacademy.com 445 Shelton Mill Road, Auburn, AL 36830 334-821-7081

Gulf Pointe Academy

www.gulfpointeacademy.com 8851 Navarre Parkway, Navarre, FL 32566 850-547-6729

The Pharr Oratory & the Oratory Athenaeum

www.oratoryschools.org 1407 W. Moore Rd., Pharr, TX 78577-6700 956-781-3056

The Newman Institute of the Oratory www.oratoryschools.org Nogales 305 Colonia Jardín C.P. 88670 Cd. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico 01 (899) 925-2223

High Country Latin School

www.highcountrylatinschool.org, Anza Community Hall, 56630 Hwy 371, Anza, CA 92539 951-760-1732 ybarw1@gmail.com

Highland Rim Academy

www.highlandrimacademy.org P.O. Box 3022, Cookeville, TN 38502 931-526-4472 info@highlandrimacademy.org

St. John's Academy

www.stjohnsacademy.com 1533 Wildwood Dr., St. Augustine, FL 32086 904-824-9224 wbrooks@stjohnsacademy.com

classical

Latin School a s s o c i a t i o n www.ClassicalLatin.org The Classical Latin School Association (CLSA) is an association of elementary and secondary schools working to promote the transmission of the culture of the Christian West to the next generation through the Classical Core CurriculumTM, which focuses on history, literature, and the great ideas, with an emphasis on basic skills and the liberal arts and a special emphasis on the study of Latin.

Through teacher training, online assistance, school accreditation, and help in marketing classical education in their communities, CLSA offers a way for schools to succeed by helping to ensure a well-trained staff, easily accessible curriculum assistance, greater community awarenesss of what they have to offer, and a way to internally document their viability as an academically successful classical Christian school. Through accreditation, schools hold themselves externally accountable and verify to their communities of families that they are offering their students a superior classical Christian education. ✓✓ Professional development services providing on and off-site training for teachers, staffs, and directors ✓✓ Online student/teacher resources ✓✓ Assistance in increasing online exposure for your school ✓✓ Assistance with marketing your school in your community ✓✓ Assistance with education resources ✓✓ School accreditation

Interested in joining the CLSA? www.ClassicalLatin.org 502-855-4830 director@ClassicalLatin.org

For a complete list of schools, go to www.ClassicalLatin.org

46

Classical Latin School Association

www.ClassicalLatin.org

French

Grades 5-8

First Start French

Introduction to the French language

by Danielle Schultz Modeled after the Latina Christiana format, each of the lessons covers 10-15 vocabulary words, a French saying or proverb, a grammar form, and a short dialogue in French. Your students will practice conversation, reading and translation, and are introduced to French culture. The Teacher Manual helps keep you ahead of your student while quizzes and answer keys make it easy to check progress. A pronunciation guide and CD recording are also available.

First Start French

First Start French

Pronunciation

Pronunciation

cd

cd

$39.95 $17.50 $17.50 $4.95

French I Set (Student, Teacher, & CD) FS French I Student Book FS French I Teacher Manual FS French I Pronunciation CD

$39.95 $17.50 $17.50 $4.95

French II Set (Student, Teacher, & CD) FS French II Student Book FS French II Teacher Manual FS French II Pronunciation CD

"Having homeschooled my children for ten years now, I rarely get excited about new homeschool curricula anymore ... I'm placing First Start French high on my list of curricula to recommend to new and veteran homeschoolers ... "

Teacher Manual Sample Page

- Heather Jackowitz, The Old Schoolhouse Magazine

3 EASY WAYS TO ORDER!

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Pick up the phone & call:

1-877-862-1097 (US toll free) 502-966-9115 (international) Fax 1-877-300-7051

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Secure online ordering at: www.memoriapress.com or for more info e-mail:

magister@memoriapress.com

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Mail your order form w/ payment included to: Memoria Press 4603 Poplar Level Rd. Louisville, KY 40213

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Saving Western civilization one student at a time ...

2012 Conference a big hit!

See highlights on pp. 44-45.