Architecture Design Studio Air - Part A (ABPL30048)

STUDIO AIR

JOURNAL

MELISSA CHONG / 864703

TUTOR : MATTHEW DWEYER

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 PAST WORK 6 A1 DESIGN FUTURING 8

CASE STUDY 1.0: THE NEW BABYLON

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CASE STUDY 2.0: THE SILK PAVILION 14

A2 DESIGN COMPUTATION 18

CASE STUDY 3.0: FUKUOKA ISLAND CITY PARK 20

CASE STUDY 4.0: MONOCOQUE 2 26 A3

COMPOSITION / GENERATION 30 CASE STUDY 5.0: ELBPHILHARMONIE CASE STUDY 6.0: ICD/ ITK RESEARCH PAVILION

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A4 CONCLUSION 42 A5 LEARNING OUTCOMES 44 A6 ALGORITHMIC SKETCHBOOK

46 WEEK 1 48 WEEK 2 50 WEEK 3 52 A7 REFERENCES 54

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INTRODUCTION Hello!

I am Melissa and I am second year architecture student from the University of Melbourne.

Since young, I have always loved the visual arts. It started when my mom gifted me a crayon set from Crayola. I was opened up to a whole new world, and my 5-year old self poured out all her emotion into drawing, on practically anything. It turned my mom’s life upside down as she watched her carefully selected furniture destroy one by one, in a matter of months. Nonetheless, seeing how my eyes dazzled each time I complete piece, she went to enrol me in weekly oil pastel classes which eventually led to painting lessons. I was seven and from there, painting has been a big part of my life.

Other than painting, I went on to explore fashion design and makeup. Delving into new areas of the visual arts is always very addictive, and now, I have decided to start my venture into architecture. Architecture sets itself apart from the rest as it involves space, giving me an infinite canvas. It reaches far beyond the human scale which challenges me to design spaces, in hopes of creating memorable experiences and an impact. I have always been into the tangible side of the visual arts, and have never really touched computational design.

Thus, under the guidance of my tutor, I hope that this studio immerses me in a new form of art where I get to develop my computer skills and explore new options to futuristic design.

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A1. DESIGN FUTURING As a society, we undeniably have the creative

worrying to allow everyone to practice as a design-

minds, passion and resources. However, given

er on a superficial level. A possible repercussion

its capitalistic nature, the boundaries of design

is a proliferation of trivialised design, reduced to

becomes somewhat restrained and resources

serve only aesthetical purposes. What the world

are allocated to less pressing needs. These two

needs at the moment is a pluralism in ideology

consequences inhibit our world from developing at

and critical design, one that challenges narrow

a desirable rate, showing signs of social unsus-

assumptions and the status quo.3

tainability. With design being at the front line of change, one way to solve this is to re-orientate

Other than the boundaries of design, design also

our direction of design , using design to better the

raises the issue of ‘diabetic sustainment’.4 This is

world for everyone.

where we bring in something new, at the expense

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of destroying something else. For instance, our To bring about this change, there should be a cor-

profit-maximising intuition often prompts us to

rect balance between the exclusiveness of design

engage in design that caters to those who are

professionalization and the deregulated pluraliza-

better off. In the process, the one in need suffers

tion of design activity. To some extent, the design

for the sake of survival. If we continue to head

responsibilty should not be solely given to a group

down this route, this inequality gap would widen

of professionals. It prevents the flow of new ideas

and become detrimental to our sustainability, as a

from coming in. But at the same time, it is also

whole.

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Tony Fry, Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice(Oxford Berg). Accessed on 2 March 2018 Anthony Dunne& Fiona Raby, Specualtuve Everything: Design Fiction and Social Dreaming (Cambridge,MA: MIT Press,2013) Accessed on 2 March 2018

1,2 &4 3

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CASE STUDY 1.0 Project : The New Babylon Architect : Constant Nieuwenhuys Date : 1959-74

The first project that I have decided to look into is the New Babylon by Constant Nieuwenhuys. The New Babylon proposes a revolting idea of an alternative life, one that is freed from the strains of a metropolitan. Presented in a series of sketches and models, it depicts an imaginary anti-capitalistic city, revolving around the ‘homo ludens’. Taking reference from Johan Huizinga, ‘homo ludens’ are described as ‘man at play’ , ones who are

city is works. The city does not revolve around the autonomy of a single building or on the interrelation of individuals in a social matrix of extreme functionalism, but instead is created by the activities of life. This liberation from suffering and the ability to exercise personal creativity makes life far more enjoyable and worth living, thus deeming it as sustainable.

liberated from any form of labour and responsibilities.5

However, after some thought, his idea presents a few flaws

His idea has continuously exerted heavy influence in the realm

we face today. Mirroring the New Babylon, globalization has

or architecture and urbansim. It provides a food for thought for many architects, especially on their own design goals. It has also stimulated discussion on its possible reality and the morals that go with it. Many welcome the idea, basing it off on how the

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which I believe could be counter-effective to the problems encouraged people to move more freely from country to country, in search for better opportunities. Argurably, this constant migration could prevent a person from feeling a strong sense of belonging and connection to his or her origins. In addition,

Mark Wigley, The Hyper- Architecture of Desire. https://monoskop.org/images/c/c1/Wigley_Mark_Constants_New_Babylon_The_Hyper-Architecture_of_Desire.pdf. Accessed on 5 March 2018.

Anthony Dunne& Fiona Raby, Specualtuve Everything: Design Fiction and Social Dreaming (Cambridge,MA: MIT Press,2013) Accessed on 2 March 2018

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the lack of civic, social and family responsibilities that Nieuwenhuys proposes could also be catastrophic . Without any of these responsibilities, one would not need to experience hardships. Often or so, it is only through struggles where one heavily depends on friends and family for support, which inevitably tightens that relationship. Thus, this atomised society 6 that Nieunwenhuys creates could be counter-effective in ensuring the social sustainability of our world.

The New Babylon, 1959-74 https://www.macba.cat/en/new-babylon-3207

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The New Babylon, 1959-74 https://lebbeuswoods.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/constant-vision/

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CASE STUDY 2.0 Project : The Silk Pavilion Architect : MIT Media Lab Date : 2013

Another project that I have decided to look into is the Silk Pavilion by the MIT Media Lab. Created by a swarm of machine-like silkworms, it explores the possible relationship between digital and biological fabrication. 7 By understanding how silkworms build their cocoons, scientists could further develop the existing additive 3D manufacturing techniques, bringing digital fabrication to a whole new level.

This project could also kickstart the use of 3D printing in our building materials, allowing us to slowly steer away from the use of non-renewable resources, proving to be a huge step towards our sustainability goals. The use of technology may also eliminate the unfavourable industries that rob away the life of those who are less well off, reducing the persisting inequality gap. However, this supposed ‘ethical’ choice we make, could be deemed ‘unethical’ as well. Despite being the silkworm’s inate daily routine, it is arguable that we as human beings have used their capabilities to satisfy our own selfish needs. They have succumbed to the role of the new ‘guinea pig’ without consensus, which is not in line with the principles we had initially .

Eventually, this venture into biological fabrication could result in a shift in victims of ‘dialetic sustainment’. 8

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2018 MIT Media Lab, Mediated Matter. http://matter.media.mit.edu/environments/details/silk-pavillion. Accessed on 5 March 2018 Tony Fry, Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice(Oxford Berg) Accessed on 2 March 2018

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The Silk Pavilion, 1959-74 http://matter.media.mit.edu/environments/details/silk-pavillion#prettyPhoto[imgs]/3/

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The Silk Pavilion, 1959-74 http://matter.media.mit.edu/environments/details/silk-pavillion#prettyPhoto[imgs]/3/

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Monocoque 2, 2007 http://www.materialecology.com/projects/details/monocoque-2

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A2. DESIGN COMPUTATION Design is a process where we initiate changes to

technology has also fostered a symbiotic relation-

our current situation so as to achieve the desired

ship between form finding and developing tech-

outcome. With the increasing complexities we

nologies12. Unfortunately, there is a slim chance

face, the need for critical design becomes all the

for all of these brilliant ideas to come from a single

more important. These designs must not only

person. It requires the collaborative effort of indi-

challenge the status quo, but also allow us to

viduals from different fields, bringing in different

thrive comfortably and sustain the human race.

expertise. Thus, in the building industry, there has

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a been a paradigm shift in the design process.

Beyond representational purposes, today, more

Computers and technology have provided a new

architects have decided to produce architecture

platform for these trades to communicate and

through the writing of algorithms. It allows a digital

involve themselves in the architectural design of

continuum from design to production, which could

the structure. For instance, environmental factors

be referred to as the ‘Vitruvian effect’. Through the

could be inputed digitally, narrowing down the

many softwares, the design process is quickened

design solutions achieved previously. Subsequent-

and made more effective. It allows multiple vari-

ly, these designs are further reduced by satisfying

ations of a solution to be generated, by changing

the intrinsic constraints and an evaluation process

the parameters.

that involves rational measurement and asses-

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ment, carried out by the client and the architect. 13

Other than producing inherent mutations , 11

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Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press) Accessed on 9 March Rivka Oxman and Robert Oxman, Theories of the Digital in Architecture, (London; New York: Routledge, 2014) Accessed on 9 March

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The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05 https://www.area-arch.it/en/grin-grin/

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CASE STUDY 3.0 Project : Fukuoka Island City Central Park (Grin Grin Park) Architect : Toyo Ito Date : 2004-05

Located on the eastern-side of Hakata Bay, the Fukuoka Island

that allows park users to weave through the exteriors and the

City Central Park is a 190m long structure that rests on stark-

interiors seamlessly, further redefining the boundaries of a park

flat reclaimed land. Through this project, he embraces the irreg-

and a building. This fluid-like 3D multi-dimensional pathway he

ular qualities of nature, seamlessly incorporating the surround-

prescribes, prompts users to walk through the building, enter

ing topography to his structure. With the help of algorithms,

it, see through it and even climb it. It erases the distinction

he creates gentle spatial spirals, in hopes of bringing people

between the ground and the roof, which enhances the spatial

together, allowing them to relax under the shade provided by

experience , allowing individuals to get a little ‘breather’ from the

portions of the cantilevered dome. 14

dense city.

Toyo Ito has successfully created this permeable structure,

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Toyo Ito: Grin Grin Park. My Architecture Moleskin. http://architecturalmoleskine.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/toyo-ito-grin-grin-park-fukuoka.html Accessed on 9 March

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The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05 http://www.ad.ntust.edu.tw/grad/think/98_2_tectonics_culture/98_2_Digital_Tectonics_Toyo_Ito/1-3.htm

The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05 http://www.ad.ntust.edu.tw/grad/think/98_2_tectonics_culture/98_2_Digital_Tectonics_Toyo_Ito/ppt10.jpg

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The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05 http://architecturalmoleskine.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/toyo-ito-grin-grin-park-fukuoka.html

The Fukuoka Island City Central Park presents an organic fusion of 3 shell curved forms, a clear indication of computation and computerization. Initially, a form was chosen, and with the help of parametric modelling, a multitude of variations were created. Subsequently, they were subjected to a series of repeated simulations that involve the load of torsion, energy of tension and distortion so as study the structural behaviour of the roof.15 Aligned with Migayrou’s theory16, a structurally optimal roof structure from the multiple variations was obtained. In this case, performance analysis played a vital role in determining the shape of the building. With Japan being very prone to earthquakes and with the structure resting on reclaimed land, the structure must be able to respond to the following movements and stay sturdy.

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Toyo Ito and Associates, Change the Geometry to Change the Architecture. http://papers.cumincad.org/data/works/att/caadria2006_007.content.pdf. Accessed on 9 March Rivka Oxman and Robert Oxman, Theories of the Digital in Architecture, (London; New York: Routledge, 2014) Accessed on 9 March

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The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05 http://openbuildings.com/buildings/island-city-central-park-grin-grin-profile-2817

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CASE STUDY 4.0 Project : Monocoque 2 Architect : Neri Oxman Date : 2007

In architecture, there is usually a stark difference between

Aptly named ‘monocoque’, it uses the voronoi pattern resulting

structural walls and external walls. Structural walls transfer the

in a ‘net-like’ appearance. Its vein-like characteristics could also

dead, live and wind loads to the foundation so as to maintain

be identified with the hypothetical loading paths generated

the structural integrity of the building. On the other hand, the ex-

when a simulation was added.18 The use of algorithms also

ternal walls provide a facade and an envelope that protects the

influences the thickness and material distribution, reflecting the

interiors from accelerated weathering. Clearly influenced by the

possible loading conditions. This advancement in computation-

Vitruvian effect, here, Neri Oxman explored and subsequent-

al architecture has not only brought a new wave in architecture

ly challenged the notions of the traditional wall structure. He

but has also prompted designers to seek new alternatives to the

developed a new construction technique that uses a single shell

conventional building materials available in the market. These

which functions compositely, carrying out the responsibilities of

new discoveries could potentially increase the quality, reduce

both the structural and external walls.

labour cost and time, making way to sustainability.

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Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press) Accessed on 9 March.

Neri Oxman. Monocoque 2. http://www.materialecology.com/projects/details/monocoque-2. Accessed on 9 March.

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Monocoque 2, 2007 http://www.materialecology.com/projects/details/monocoque-2

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A3. COMPOSITION / GENERATION In conjunction to the chapter on Design Computa-

element placements and configurations, it also

tion, this section would go deeper into the topics

allows us to find new ways to further develop our

of algorithmic thinking, parametric modelling and

spaces and concepts.

scripting cultures, and how architectural practices react to this shift from composition to generation.

Computation has also allowed architects to ‘simulate’ the building performance more accu-

With the emergence of computers, the design

rately. It provides them an in-depth performance

realm has changed rapidly. It started with comput-

analysis, taking into account the characteristics of

erisation, where architects used computers as the

tectonics, available materials and machinery. This

main drafting board. Compared to hand-drawings,

pertains to both its architectural form and most

this method was proven to be more efficient as it

importantly, spatial experiences, which is not easy

ensured precision, and made it easier for archi-

to tackle and simulate. However, regardless of

tects to make changes. Today, the new scripting

the results generated, designers must constantly

culture has brought in a new wave, computation.

test their ideas in practice through building, and

Sean Ahlqvist and Achim Menges describes

not resort to the ‘lone gun’ mentality as described

computation as the ‘processing of information and

by Hugh Whitehead. This ‘lone gun’ mentality is

interactions between elements which constitute

defined as being too caught up with computation-

a specific environment; it provides a framework

al skills, that it unknowingly causes one to deviate

for negotiating and influencing the interrelation

from the real design objectives, therefore, degener-

of datasets of information, with the capacity to

ating scripting to an isolated craft.21

generate complex order, form and structure.’ 19 It follows an algorithm, which is a recipe made of a

Thus, as a population, we need to constantly test

finite set of rules that are ambiguous but simple to

our ideas and develop our designs into an integrat-

follow.

ed art form that improves the quality of our lives,

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They generate and capture a multitude

of parameters in the form of parametric models,

bringing us one step towards our sustainability

which helps us explore new design options and

goals.

speculate on its potential. Through modifying

Brady Peters, Computational Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’ , Architectural Design (John Wiley and Sons Ltd,.2013). Accessed on 16 March Robert Wilson & Frank Keil, Definition of ‘Algorithm’ The MIT Encycolpedia of the Cognitive Sciences (London: MIT Press,1999) Accessed on 16 March

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Elbphilharmonie, 2017 https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachbereiche/gebaeudetechnik/elbphilharmonie-unglaubliche-akustik-groessten-orgeln-welt/

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Elbphilharmonie, 2017 https://www.archdaily.com/802093/elbphilharmonie-hamburg-herzog-and-de-meuron/585bef4fe58ece389500015e-elbphilharmonie-hamburg-herzog-and-de-meuron-photo

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CASE STUDY 5.0 Project : Elbphilharmonie Architect : Herzog & de Meuron Date : 2017

Having gone through a huge architectural reformation, Elbphilharmonie is a significant landmark in Hamburg that displays a harmonious coexistance of architectural styles from two different eras.

Initially, it was an old warehouse that exuded a very original and archaic feel with its red brick cladding. Over the years, its robust structure remained sturdy, providing an ideal foundation for a futuristic structure to be added on top of it. Today, whilst still retaining its roots, it has transformed into a complex that accommodates a philharmonic hall, a chamber music hall, restaurants, apartment and a hotel. 22

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Elbphilharmonie Hamburg/ Herzog &de Meuron.Arch Daily. https://www.archdaily.com/802093/elbphilharmonie-hamburg-herzog-and-de-meuron. Accessed on 15 March

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Elbphilharmonie, 2017 https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachbereiche/gebaeudetechnik/elbphilharmonie-unglaubliche-akustik-groessten-orgeln-welt/

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Elbphilharmonie, 2017 https://www.zmescience.com/other/design-other/computer-algorithm-designed-hamburgs-new-concert-hall-simply-amazing/

The philharmonic hall, located at the heart of then complex, is

modelling, one can create multiple individual designs to the

a clear result of parametric modeling. Resembling a Greek am-

same precision that may not be achieved as successfully if it

phitheatre, the hall is a built from 10,000 distinct gypsum fiber

was carried out manually.

acoustic panels that lines the ceiling, walls and ballustrates.

Together, it is made of one million ‘cells’ ranging from 4 to 16

Despite being able to simulate the performance of the material

cm across. By using algorithms and changing the parameters,

digitally, Toyota, built a 1/10 scale model of the interior to con-

each cell is designed and calculated in such a way it either

duct further acoustical experiments. This is to ensure that it is

absorbs, reflects or diffuses the sound waves. No two panels

able to function optimally, giving users an acoustic experience

are identical but with its effects combined, creates a balanced

worthy of the performers. 3D modelling was also employed

reverbation across the auditorium. Smaller and shallower

to determine where the placements of the joints in the panels

holes are located in the ceiling and deeper and wider cells are

of this material. This prevents scripting from being an isolated

positioned at the back of the hall. Benjamin Koren describes the

craft, but instead turns it into an intergrated art form that con-

project as being “insane to do this by hand”,24 highlighting one

tributes to society. 25

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of the key benefits of parametric modelling. With parametric

Tibi Puiu. A computer algorithm designed Hamburg’s new concert hall is simply amazing. https://www.zmescience.com/other/design-other/computer-algorithm-designed-hamburgs-new-concert-hall-simply-amazing/. Accessed on 15 March 24 Elizabeth Stinson. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN ALGORITHMS DESIGN A CONCERT HALL? THE STUNNING ELBPHILHARMONIE. https://www.wired.com/2017/01/happens-algorithms-design-concert-hall-stunning-elbphilharmonie/. Accessed on 15 March 25 Brady Peters, Computational Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’ , Architectural Design (John Wiley and Sons Ltd,.2013). Accessed on 16 March 23

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Elbphilharmonie, 2017 https://www.zmescience.com/other/design-other/computer-algorithm-designed-hamburgs-new-concert-hall-simply-amazing/

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ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011 https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02

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ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011 https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02

CASE STUDY 6.0 Project : ICD / TKE Research Pavilion Architect : ICD: Prof. A. Menges, L.Vasey, M. Yablonina ITKE: Prof. J. Knippers, A. Mader, E. Slab

binck Date : 2011

Another structure that has displayed parametric modelling is the ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2011. This project uses biological principles derived from the skeletal shell of the sand dollar to study and improve the structural capacity of architectural design. 26

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ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011. University of Stuttgart. http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=6553. Accessed on 15 March

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The sand dollar has a rigid skeleton that consists of calcium carbonate modular plates arranged in a fivefold radial pattern.

Its edges are fastened by calcite protrusions and organic fibres, mimicking the traditional finger-joints used in carpentry. This distinct geometrical arrangement and connections system allows it to withstand high load bearing conditions which may be useful for developing the structural capacity of our buildings.27 In addition, the way the three plate edges meet at one point enables shear forces to be transferred effectively, resulting in a structure capable of responding to high stress. With these ideas in mind, computation was employed to see how it could be incorporated in architectural design.

All the images from this page : ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011 https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02

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ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011 https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02

Algorithm-thinking and parametric modelling is heavily involved in this project especially during the form finding and structural design stage. Through the changing of parameters, a heterogeneity in the cell sizes was achieved, allowing the designers to create curvatures and discontinuities within the form. In addition, computation made it possible to read the complex geometry so as to analyse the critical points in the model. 28 With this information, designers were able to improve their designs according to the predicted mechanical stresses. The connections, in the form of glued and bolted joints were also tested experimentally to derive structural calculations and an optimised structural form.

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ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011. University of Stuttgart. http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=6553 Accessed on 15 March

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Elbphilharmonie, 2017 http://www.archithese.ch/files/archithese/Blog/2016/2016.10/Elbphilharmonie/white_skin_c_maxim_schulz_frei_fuer_dritte.jpg

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A4. CONCLUSION With the increasingly complex circumstances mankind are put

spite these perks, designers must continuously test their ideas

in, designers must be more critical with their design decisions,

through building them to ensure that it is in line with the real

ensuring that they challenge the status quo to sustain both the

design objectives, making sure that it becomes an integrated

human race and the members of our ecosystem. Computa-

art from which contributes to the community.

tion has brought in an alternative solution to this problem by lending us hand in the process of ‘form-finding’ to production.

Using grasshopper to model parametrically, this studio aims

It has prompted us to work even more closely with the several

to propose a tram stop that supports insect biodiversity in the

trades during the design phase, allowing us to create forms that

dense city. By engaging in the process of computation, a myraid

combat unfavourable structural and environmental conditions.

of different outcomes could be achieved , allowing us to define

Being able to simulate our chosen environment also helps us

spaces on the street more effeciently whilst still providing a

understand how our structures respond to them, giving us

desirable habitat overhead to maintain our ecology.

direction as to how we could improve our design. However, de-

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A5. LEARNING OUTCOMES Through the past three weeks, the lectures and studios had opened me up to a whole new realm of design. Initially, my understanding of computation was merely connecting a set of prescribed functions to create a standard predicted form, in hopes of not leading to an error, and having to painstakingly start all over again. However, under the guidance of my tutor and after reading more about it, I have began to understand the difference between computation and computerisation, and how parametric modelling could create a multitude of unpredicted forms that may not be achieved by hand-drawings. With this new retrospective, I am excited to see how I could use this in the future projects that encourages flexible forms whilst still responsive to the environment.

Elbphilharmonie, 2017 https://www.artsy.net/artwork/candida-hofer-elbphilharmonie-hamburg-herzog-and-de-meuron-hamburg-iv-2016

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A.6 ALGORITHMIC SKETCHBOOK

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WEEK 1 The brief for week 1 was to create a bus stop using the online grasshopper tutorials. When given this topic, the first thing that came to my mind was the long waiting time. Usually, a stereotypical bus stop dons a simple linear appearance: a rectangular roof and a long bench. In my opinion, this seating arrangement discourages interaction between waiting passengers, making it even more difficult for one to kill the waiting time. Thus using voronoi 3D, I have arranged my structure in such a way that it encourages communication. The blocks confine passengers to sit in such a way that they face one another in an indirect manner, in hopes of giving one an opportunity to spark a conversation. Inspired by Sou Fujimoto’s Branden bus stop design, the openings created by the upper blocks are arranged in such a way that it offers different views of the surrounding landscape.

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WEEK 2 The brief for week 2 was to create a tram stop that reflects the

ated by the orientation of during the waggle dance. If she wag-

behaviour of our chosen insect. Jamie and I have chosen the

gles in a vertical manner, it means that the food source could be

Common European Bee and Royal Park as our site. Despite be-

found in the direction of the sun.

ing disliked by many, the bee plays a significant role in our ecosystem. Through pollination, it helps plants reproduce, indirectly

The series of planes could be identified with the fluttery be-

sustaining the human race by protecting our food source. One

haviour of the bees during the waggle dance. In addition, all the

behaviour that I have found interesting is the waggle dance that

planes are arranged in a parallel manner that follows the planar

it performs. This sophisticated form of communication system

and lofted surface. This highlights the directional aspect of the

involves a bee performing a series of movements that maps the

dance. Lastly, the bouncing motion from flower to flower is

location of the patches of flowers that are located further away

incorporated through the erratic curves of the lofted surface.

from the hive. For instance, the longer the duration of the dance, the further its distance from the hive. The direction is also indic-

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WEEK 3 This week we were tasked to design patterns and tiles using the online grasshopper tutorials. For this assignment, I have decided to explore the geomatric pattern of honey combs.

Text 1,2 &4

Tony Fry, Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice(Oxford Berg). Accessed on 2 March 2018

Anthony Dunne& Fiona Raby, Specualtuve Everything: Design Fiction and Social Dreaming (Cambridge,MA: MIT Press,2013) Accessed

3

on 2 March 2018 5

Mark Wigley, The Hyper- Architecture of Desire. https://monoskop.org/images/c/c1/Wigley_Mark_Constants_New_Babylon_The_Hy-

per-Architecture_of_Desire.pdf. Accessed on 5 March 2018.

7

2018 MIT Media Lab, Mediated Matter. http://matter.media.mit.edu/environments/details/silk-pavillion. Accessed on 5 March 2018

8

Tony Fry, Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice(Oxford Berg) Accessed on 2 March 2018

9&13

Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA:

MIT Press) Accessed on 9 March 10-12

Rivka Oxman and Robert Oxman, Theories of the Digital in Architecture, (London; New York: Routledge, 2014) Accessed on 9 March

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A.7 REFERENCES Images The New Babylon, 1959-74, https://www.macba.cat/en/new-babylon-3207 The New Babylon, 1959-74, https://lebbeuswoods.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/constant-vision/ The Silk Pavilion, 1959-74, http://matter.media.mit.edu/environments/details/silk-pavillion#prettyPhoto[imgs]/3/ The Silk Pavilion, 1959-74, http://matter.media.mit.edu/environments/details/silk-pavillion#prettyPhoto[imgs]/3/ Monocoque 2, 2007, http://www.materialecology.com/projects/details/monocoque-2 The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05, https://www.area-arch.it/en/grin-grin/ The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05, http://www.ad.ntust.edu.tw/grad/think/98_2_tectonics_culture/98_2_Digital_Tectonics_Toyo_Ito/1-3.htm The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05, http://www.ad.ntust.edu.tw/grad/think/98_2_tectonics_culture/98_2_Digital_Tectonics_Toyo_Ito/ppt10.jpg The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05, http://architecturalmoleskine.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/toyo-ito-grin-grin-park-fukuoka. html The Island City Park (Grin Grin Park), 2004-05, http://openbuildings.com/buildings/island-city-central-park-grin-grin-profile-2817 Monocoque 2, 2007, http://www.materialecology.com/projects/details/monocoque-2 Elbphilharmonie, 2017, https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachbereiche/gebaeudetechnik/elbphilharmonie-unglaubliche-akustik-groessten-orgeln-welt/ Elbphilharmonie, 2017, https://www.archdaily.com/802093/elbphilharmonie-hamburg-herzog-and-de-meuron/585bef4fe58ece389500015e-elbphilharmonie-hamburg-herzog-and-de-meuron-photo Elbphilharmonie, 2017, https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachbereiche/gebaeudetechnik/elbphilharmonie-unglaubliche-akustik-groessten-orgeln-welt/ Elbphilharmonie, 2017, https://www.zmescience.com/other/design-other/computer-algorithm-designed-hamburgs-new-concert-hall-simply-amazing/ Elbphilharmonie, 2017, https://www.zmescience.com/other/design-other/computer-algorithm-designed-hamburgs-new-concert-hall-simply-amazing/ ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011, https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02 ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011, https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02 ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011, https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart-drawing-02 ICD/TKE Research Pavillion 2011, https://www.archdaily.com/200685/icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart/5004e8d628ba0d4e8d000ddf-icditke-research-pavilion-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgartElbphilharmonie, 2017, http://www.archithese.ch/files/archithese/Blog/2016/2016.10/Elbphilharmonie/white_skin_c_maxim_schulz_ frei_fuer_dritte.jpg drawing-02

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