MSO Live | Beethoven 9, Circa and Cheetham

CONCERT PROGRAM

Beethoven 9, Circa and Cheetham Recorded 21–22 February 2020 at Arts Centre Melbourne, Hamer Hall

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Program CHEETHAM* Dutala – Star Filled Sky WORLD PREMIERE OF AN MSO COMMISSION

BEETHOVEN Symphony No.9

Artists Melbourne Symphony Orchestra

Maija Kovaļevska soprano

Benjamin Northey conductor

Jacqueline Dark mezzo-soprano

Circa Contemporary Circus

Paul O’Neill tenor

Yaron Lifschitz director

Warwick Fyfe bass

Shaun Comerford executive director

MSO Chorus

Todd Kilby tour director

Warren Trevelyan-Jones chorus master

Jessica Connell performer

Jacinta Parsons presenter

Graig Gadd performer Keaton Hentoff-Killian performer Gerramy Marsden performer Alice Muntz performer Kathryn O’Keeffe performer Dylan Rodrigez performer Lachlan Sukroo performer Luke Thomas performer Billie Wilson-Coffey performer

*2020 MSO Composer in Residence A musical Acknowledgement of Country, Long Time Living Here by Deborah Cheetham AO, will be performed before the start of this concert.

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 2

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Nellie Melba, Weary Dunlop - they lived with passion and purpose, they pushed further, they went beyond the ordinary. That’s exactly what we strive to do, every day, at Ryman.

To pioneer a new way of living, for a new retirement generation. rymanhealthcare.com.au

Melbourne Symphony Orchestra The Melbourne Symphony Orchestra is a leading cultural figure in the Australian arts landscape, bringing the best in orchestral music and passionate performance to a diverse audience across Victoria, the nation and around the world.

Each year the MSO engages with more than 5 million people through live concerts, TV, radio and online broadcasts, international tours, recordings and education programs.

The MSO is a vital presence, both onstage and in the community, in cultivating classical music in Australia. The nation’s first professional orchestra, the MSO has been the sound of the city of Melbourne since 1906.

The MSO regularly attracts great artists from around the globe including Anne-Sophie Mutter, Lang Lang, Renée Fleming and Thomas Hampson, while bringing Melbourne’s finest musicians to the world through tours to China, Europe and the United States.

The Melbourne Symphony Orchestra acknowledges the Traditional Owners of the Land on which we perform and would like to pay our respects to their Elders and Community both past and present.

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 4

Program Notes DEBORAH CHEETHAM AO

(born 1964)

Dutala – Star Filled Sky Do you sense the creator world?

Biami gabra ngata nhurrag wuta wungi?

Seek the Creator above the starry canopy

Biami yamutj Dutala bukut

Above the stars the creator must dwell

Biami banga dhona Dutala bukut

The composer writes: For a long time, I considered the addition of a subtitle for this work – the spaces between. For this is where Indigenous cultures focus their attention when interpreting the sky. The spaces between the stars.

This commission was first described to me as a companion piece for Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony, for the opening gala of the MSO 2020 season, in the 250th anniversary year of the great composer’s birth! No pressure!!

Of course, this stand-alone masterpiece requires no companion, but the framework for Dutala is drawn from the same orchestral and choral forces that changed the way we would think of the Symphonic form forever. There are so many reasons why this work bears such significance. Perhaps the most obvious reason is the addition of language.

Schiller’s text (with Beethoven’s additions) rings out with timeless clarity. Give me my language and I will show you my identity.

You will recognize at least two humble references to Beethoven’s rhythms and orchestral signature but like every composer since 1824 his legacy is intrinsic and it is celebrated here.

To quote from the final stanza of Schiller’s text, with an acknowledgement of the Yorta Yorta* language from Dutala: Do you sense the creator world?

Seek the Creator above the starry canopy Above the stars must Biami* dwell Deborah Cheetham © 2019

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 5

LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN

(1770–1827)

Symphony No.9 in D minor, Op.125 Allegro ma non troppo, un poco maestoso Scherzo (Molto vivace – Presto) Adagio molto e cantabile – Andante moderato Presto – Allegro molto assai (Alla marcia) – Presto On 7 May 1824, Beethoven summoned Vienna’s leading musicians in the Kärnthnerthor Theatre to give the premiere of the Ninth Symphony. Profoundly deaf, Beethoven was long past being able to conduct, but stood beside the leaders, indicating the speeds.

At the end, he was unaware of the applause, so that the contralto soloist had to turn him around, producing ‘a volcanic explosion of sympathy and admiration that seemed it would never end’. The applause was probably more for the composer than the performance. Two rehearsals were insufficient to prepare the most difficult orchestral piece the musicians had ever encountered.

Nevertheless, one reviewer found the opening Allegro ‘bold and defiant, executed with truly athletic energy’. Punctuating its enormous 15-minute design, strategically placed returns of its colossal opening idea underpin the almost fissile energy generated by the sheer mass of scraping, blowing and drumming. Never before had sounds of such sustained violence been imagined, let alone produced by instruments.

Wagner later pictured the second movement as a Bacchanalian spree of worldly pleasures. But while its motoric force is compulsive, Beethoven hardly thought of his big scherzo as mindless. Far from it; he keeps its overflowing energy meticulously controlled and channelled, not least when the predominant four-bar triple beat is dramatically jerked into three-bar phrases.

Berlioz imagined the slow movement ‘might better be thought as two distinct pieces, the first melody in B flat, four-in-a-bar, followed by an absolutely different one, in triple-time in D’. Yet, in Beethoven’s interweaving of this unlikely pair, Berlioz heard ‘such melancholy tenderness, passionate sadness, and religious meditation’ as to be beyond words to describe.

Everyone in the first Vienna audience in May 1824 must have known that something extraordinary was about to take place. Certainly, the London press intimated in advance of the British premiere a year later: ‘In the last movement is introduced a song! – Schiller’s famous Ode to Joy – which forms a most extraordinary contrast with the whole, and is calculated to excite surprise, certainly, and perhaps admiration.’ But why did Beethoven take the unprecedented step of fitting out an instrumental symphony with a vocal finale? He had toyed with two distinct plans for a symphony with added chorus. In 1818, he made very preliminary notes for a ‘symphony in ancient modes’ on ancient Greek religious themes, including a choral adagio. But by 1822, he was sketching a ‘German symphony’, with chorus singing Schiller’s To Joy, though to an entirely different tune.

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 6

To Adolph Bernhard Marx – the early 19th century music historian whose writings helped enshrine Beethoven as ‘supreme master’ and Germany as centre of the ‘cult of music’ – Beethoven’s earlier symphonies had suggested that instrumental music could be even more eloquent than words. Yet finally, Marx believed, Beethoven showed that this was not so: ‘Having devoted his life to instrumental sounds, he once again summons his forces for his boldest, most gigantic effort. But behold! – unreal instrumental voices no longer satisfy him, and he is drawn irresistibly back to the human voice.’

As the orchestra introduces brief flashbacks to each of the first three movements, the cellos and basses attempt an unlikely recitative: ‘but when the string basses painfully attempt their ungainly imitation of human speech; and when they begin to hum timidly the simple human tune, and hand it over to the rest of the orchestra, we see that, after all, the needs of humanity reach beyond the enchanted world of instruments, so that, in the end, Beethoven only finds satisfaction in the chorus of humanity itself.’ Despairing of instruments’ feeble efforts, the solo baritone announces (the introductory lines are Beethoven’s own, not Schiller’s): O friends! No more these sounds! Instead let us sing out more pleasingly, with joy abundant!

Graeme Skinner © 2014

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 7

Text and Translation Ode An die Freude (To Joy) after Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805) O Freunde, nicht diese Töne!

Oh friends, no more these sounds!

Sondern lasst uns angenehmere

Instead let us sing out more

anstimmen, und freudenvollere.

pleasingly, with joy abundant.

Freude, schöner Götterfunken,

Oh joy, pure spark of God,

Tochter aus Elysium,

daughter from Elysium,

wir betreten feuertrunken,

with hearts afire, divine one,

Himmlische, dein Heiligtum!

we come to your sanctuary.

Deine Zauber binden wieder

Your heavenly powers reunite

was die Mode streng geteilt:

what custom sternly keeps apart:

alle Menschen werden Brüder

all mankind become brothers

wo dein sanfter Flügel weilt.

beneath your sheltering wing.

Wem der grosse Wurf gelungen

Whoever has known the blessing

eines Freundes Freund zu sein,

of being friend to a friend,

wer ein holdes Weib errungen,

whoever has won a fine woman,

mische seinen Jubel ein!

whoever, indeed, calls even

Ja, wer auch nur eine Seele

one soul on this earth his own,

sein nennt auf dem Erdenrund!

let their joy be joined with ours.

Und wer’s nie gekonnt, der stehle

But let the one who knows none of this

weinend sich aus diesem Bund!

steal, weeping, from our midst.

Freude trinken alle Wesen

All beings drink in joy

an den Brüsten der Natur,

at Nature’s bosom,

alle Guten, alle Bösen,

the virtuous and the wicked alike

folgen ihrer Rosenspur.

follow her rosy path.

Küsse gab sie uns und Reben,

Kisses she gave to us, and wine,

einen Freund, geprüft im Tod;

and a friend loyal to the death;

Wollust ward dem Wurm gegeben,

bliss to the lowest worm she gave,

und der Cherub steht vor Gott.

and the cherub stands before God.

1

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 8

Froh, wie seine Sonnen fliegen

Joyously, as His dazzling suns

durch des Himmels prächtgen Plan,

traverse the heavens,

laufet, Brüder, eure Bahn,

so, brothers, run your course,

freudig, wie ein Held zum Siegen!

exultant, as a hero claims victory.

Freude, schöner Götterfunken,

Oh joy, pure spark of God,

Tochter aus Elysium,

daughter from Elysium,

wir betreten feuertrunken,

with hearts afire, divine one,

Himmlische, dein Heiligtum!

we come to your sanctuary.

Deine Zauber binden wieder

Your heavenly powers reunite

was die Mode streng geteilt:

what custom sternly keeps apart:

alle Menschen werden Brüder

all mankind become brothers

wo dein sanfter Flügel weilt.

beneath your sheltering wing.

Seid umschlungen, Millionen,

Be enfolded, all ye millions,

diesen Kuss der ganzen Welt!

in this kiss of the whole world!

Brüder, über’m Sternenzelt

Brothers, above the canopy of stars

muss ein lieber Vater wohnen.

must dwell a loving Father.

Ihr stürzt nieder, Millionen?

Do you fall down, ye millions?

Ahnest du den Schöpfer, Welt?

In awe of your Creator, world?

Such’ ihn über’m Sternenzelt!

Go seek Him beyond the stars!

Über Sternen muss er wohnen.

For there assuredly He dwells.

Freude, schöner Götterfunken…

O joy, pure spark of God, etc

Text by Friedrich von Schiller English translation Anthony Cane © 2000 1. The initial three lines were added

by Beethoven in 1823.

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 9

Melbourne Symphony Orchestra: 21 & 22 February 2020 Xian Zhang

Principal Guest Conductor

Benjamin Northey Nicholas Bochner

Cybec Assistant Conductor

Sir Andrew Davis Hiroyuki Iwaki

Conductor Laureate (1974–2006)

Dale Barltrop

Concertmaster

Sophie Rowell Concertmaster The Ullmer Family Foundation#

Assistant Principal

Kirsty Bremner Sarah Curro Peter Fellin Deborah Goodall Lorraine Hook Anne-Marie Johnson Barbara Bell in memory of Elsa Bell#

Kirstin Kenny Eleanor Mancini Mark Mogilevski Michelle Ruffolo Kathryn Taylor

David Berlin

Robert Macindoe

Rachael Tobin

Monica Curro

Nicholas Bochner

Associate Principal

Mary Allison Isin Cakmakcioglu Tiffany Cheng Freya Franzen

FIRST VIOLINS

Peter Edwards

Matthew Tomkins

Assistant Principal Danny Gorog and Lindy Susskind#

Conductor Laureate

Assistant Concertmaster

CELLOS

Principal The Gross Foundation#

Principal Conductor in Residence

Tair Khisambeev

SECOND VIOLINS

Danny Gorog and Lindy Susskind#

Cong Gu Andrew Hall Isy Wasserman Philippa West Patrick Wong Roger Young VIOLAS Christopher Moore Principal Di Jameson#

Christopher Cartlidge Associate Principal

Lauren Brigden Katharine Brockman Anthony Chataway

Dr Elizabeth E Lewis AM#

Gabrielle Halloran Trevor Jones Anne Neil#

Fiona Sargeant Cindy Watkin

Principal MS Newman Family# Associate Principal Assistant Principal Anonymous#

Miranda Brockman

Geelong Friends of the MSO#

Rohan de Korte

Andrew Dudgeon#

Sarah Morse Angela Sargeant Michelle Wood DOUBLE BASSES Damien Eckersley Benjamin Hanlon Frank Mercurio and Di Jameson#

Suzanne Lee Stephen Newton Sophie Galaise and Clarence Fraser#

FLUTES Prudence Davis Principal Anonymous#

Wendy Clarke

Associate Principal

Sarah Beggs

Sophia Yong-Tang#

PICCOLO Andrew Macleod

Principal John McKay and Lois McKay#

Learn more about our musicians on the MSO website.

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 11

OBOES

HORNS

GUEST MUSICIANS

Jeffrey Crellin

Nicolas Fleury

First violins Zoe Black Jacqueline Edwards Madeleine Jevons

Principal Margaret Jackson AC#

Principal

Thomas Hutchinson

Saul Lewis

Associate Principal

Principal Third The Hon Michael Watt QC and Cecilie Hall#

Ann Blackburn

The Rosemary Norman Foundation#

Abbey Edlin

COR ANGLAIS

Nereda Hanlon and Michael Hanlon AM#

Michael Pisani

Trinette McClimont Rachel Shaw

Principal Beth Senn#

CLARINETS

TRUMPETS

David Thomas

Owen Morris

Principal

Principal

Philip Arkinstall

Associate Principal

BASS CLARINET

Violas Ceridwen Davies Isabel Morse Natascha Sprzagala

Shane Hooton

Cellos Kalina Krusteva-Theaker Eliza Sdraulig

William Evans Rosie Turner

Associate Principal Glenn Sedgwick and Dr Anita Willaton#

Craig Hill

Second violins Aaron Barnden Michael Loftus-Hills Oksana Thompson

BASSOONS

TROMBONES

Double basses Rohan Dasika Max McBride Emma Sullivan

Jack Schiller

Richard Shirley Mike Szabo

Flutes Paula Rae

TUBA

Oboes Emmanuel Cassimatis

Jon Craven

John and Diana Frew#

Principal

Principal

Elise Millman

Principal Bass Trombone

Associate Principal

Natasha Thomas

Dr Martin Tymms and Patricia Nilsson#

Timothy Buzbee

CONTRABASSOON

TIMPANI**

Principal

Brock Imison

PERCUSSION

Principal

John Arcaro Robert Cossom

Drs Rhyll Wade and Clem Gruen#

HARP

# Position supported by ** Timpani Chair position supported

by Lady Potter AC CMRI

Horns William Tanner Trombones Liam O’Malley* Timpani Brent Miller Percussion Timothy Hook

Yinuo Mu Principal

* Appears courtesy of West Australian Symphony Orchestra

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 12

MSO Chorus REPETITEUR

ALTO

TENOR

Jacob Abela

Satu Aho Rachel Amos Ruth Anderson Emma Anvari Kate Bramley Jane Brodie Alexandra Chubaty Nicola Eveleigh Lisa Faulks Jill Giese Ros Harbison Juliana Hassett Kristine Hensel Helen Hill Leanne Hyndman Helen MacLean Christina McCowan Rosemary McKelvie Charlotte Midson Stephanie Mitchell Sandy Nagy Catriona Nguyen-Robertson Susie Novella Nicole Paterson Alison Ralph Kate Rice Mair Roberts Maya Tanja Rodingen Kerry Roulston Annie Runnalls Jodi Samartgis

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BASS Maurice Amor Richard Bolitho Ted Davies Andrew Ham Andrew Hibbard Stuart Izon Jordan Janssen Robert Latham Gary Levy Douglas McQueen-Thomson Steven Murie Hywel Stoakes Matthew Toulmin Tom Turnbull Maciek Zielinski

BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 13

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BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 14

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BEETHOVEN 9, CIRCA AND CHEETHAM – 15

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HONORARY APPOINTMENTS

MSO BOARD

Life Members Marc Besen AC and Eva Besen AO John Gandel AC and Pauline Gandel AC Sir Elton John CBE Harold Mitchell AC Lady Potter AC CMRI Jeanne Pratt AC Artistic Ambassadors Tan Dun Lu Siqing MSO Ambassador Geoffrey Rush AC The MSO honours the memory of Life Members John Brockman OAM The Honourable Alan Goldberg AO QC Roger Riordan AM Ila Vanrenen

Chairman Michael Ullmer AO Deputy Chairman David Li AM Managing Director Sophie Galaise Board Directors Andrew Dudgeon AM Danny Gorog Lorraine Hook Margaret Jackson AC Di Jameson David Krasnostein AM Hyon-Ju Newman Glenn Sedgwick Helen Silver AO Company Secretary Oliver Carton

The MSO relies on your ongoing philanthropic support to sustain our artists, and support access, education, community engagement and more. We invite our suporters to get close to the MSO through a range of special events.

The MSO welcomes your support at any level. Donations of $2 and over are tax deductible, and supporters are recognised as follows: $1,000+ (Player)

$20,000+ (Impresario)

$2,500+ (Associate)

$50,000+ (Virtuoso)

$5,000+ (Principal)

$100,000+ (Platinum)

$10,000+ (Maestro) The MSO Conductor’s Circle is our bequest program for members who have notified of a planned gift in their Will.

Enquiries P (03) 8646 1551 | E philanthropy@mso.com.au

Supporters – 22

Thank you to our Partners Principal Partner

Government Partners

Premier Partners

Premier Education and Research Partner

Major Partners

Venue Partner

Program Development Partner

Education Partners

Supporting Partners

Quest Southbank

The CEO Institute

Ernst & Young

Bows for Strings

The Observership Program

Trusts and Foundations

Gall Family Foundation, The Archie & Hilda Graham Foundation, The Gross Foundation, Ern Hartley Foundation, The A.L. Lane Foundation, Scobie & Clare McKinnon Foundation, Sidney Myer MSO Trust Fund, MS Newman Family Foundation, The Thomas O’Toole Foundation, The Ray & Joyce Uebergang Foundation, The Ullmer Family Foundation

Media and Broadcast Partners

BEST SEAT in the house

As Principal Partner of the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, we know the importance of delighting an audience. That’s why when you’re in Emirates First, you’ll enjoy the ultimate flying experience with fine dining at any time in your own private suite.

*Emirates First Class Private Suite pictured. For more information visit emirates.com/au, call 1300 303 777, or contact your local travel agent.