What are the causes of increasing SGOT and SGPT levels ?

WhatarethecausesofincreasingSGOTandSGPTlevels?

By Dr.KKAggarwal

WhatarethecausesofincreasingSGOTandSGPT levels?

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Pathology&LabMedicines,Gastroenterology,InfectiousDiseases

Whatdoeshighsgotandsgptindicates?DrKKAggarwal Share

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SGOTandSGPTaretwoimportanttestsusedinthemedicalfieldtoassessthe functioning of the liver SGOT and SGPT stand for Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic TransaminaseandSerumGlutamicPyruvicTransaminase,respectivelyTheyarealso knownasAST(AspartateTransaminase)andALT(AlanineTransaminase).These testsmeasurethelevelsoftwoenzymesthatarefoundinthebody;SGOTispresent intheheart,skeletalmuscles,andkidneys,whileSGPTisfoundintheliver

ClinicalSignificanceofSGOTandSGPTTests

Theliverisanessentialorganofthehumanbody,playingapivotalpartinthe metabolicprocess.Itsprimaryfunctionistodetoxifythebloodbyprocessingand filteringoutharmfulwasteproducts.Thisisachievedthroughtheproductionand secretionofseveraltypesofenzymes,whichensurethatthisprocessrunssmoothly andefficiently

SGPTandSGOTaretwoofthemostcommontypesofliverenzymes.Whentheliver isdamagedorinflamed,thelevelsofbothSGOTandSGPTenzymesintheblood increase,disruptingthenormalbalance.Thesemarkerscanhelpdiagnoseavarietyof liverdiseases,includinghepatitis,cirrhosis,livercancer,andotherconditionsthat causethelivertomalfunction.Itisalsousedtomonitortheeffectivenessofcertain medicationsortreatmentsforliverdiseases.

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RangeandCausesofElevatedSGOTandSGPTLevels

ThetypicalrangeofSGPTandSGOTintheserumofapatientshouldnormallyremain between 7-56 units/liter and 8-45 units/liter, respectively Nevertheless, any level beyond56units/literforSGPTand50units/literformenor45units/literforwomen forSGOTshouldbedeemedasacauseforseriousconcern,suggestingthepresence ofachronicunderlyingcondition.

ElevatedSGPTandSGOTlevelsareoftenindicativeofliverdamageduetoconditions suchas-

• Acuteviralhepatitis

•Alcoholicliverdisease

• Non-alcoholicfattyliverdisease

• Cirrhosis

• Livercancer

Other clinical conditions such as kidney disease, celiac disease (Autoimmune disorder), myocardial infarction (heart attack), diabetes, obesity, infectious mononucleosis (Glandular fever caused by Epstein-Barr virus), cholecystitis (Gallbladder inflammation), dermatomyositis (Inflammation of skin and muscles), pancreatitis,etc.canalsoleadtoSGOT/SGPTimbalance.

In addition, other factors such as alcohol abuse, certain medications, strenuous exercise,ormuscledamagecouldalsobethecauseofhighlevels.

Therefore,itisessentialtoconsultwithahealthcareproviderinordertodeterminethe underlyingcauseandreceiveappropriatetreatment.Additionally,regularmonitoring ofliverenzymescanhelptodetectliverdiseaseearlyandpreventlong-termdamage.

SymptomsofHighSGOT&SGPTLevels

In most cases, elevated SGOT and SGPT levels may not cause any noticeable symptoms;however,somepeoplemayexperiencemildsymptomssuchas–

•Constantfatigueandtiredness

•NauseaandVomiting

•Abdominaldiscomfort

•Bruisingquickly

Inmoreseverecases,liverdiseasecancausesymptomssuchas–

•Jaundice

•breathlessness

•Swellinginthelegandabdomen

•Darkcoloredurine

•Palestools

Experiencing any symptoms is an indication that you should seek medical help immediately IftestsrevealelevatedlevelsofSGOTandSGPT,yourphysicianwill decidetoproceedwithfurthertestingorstartthenecessarytreatment.

HowaretheSGPT&SGOTBloodtestsperformed?

SGPT&SGOTBloodtestisapainlessprocedurethatisperformedbyobtaininga sampleofbloodfromaveininthearm.Thesampleisthensenttoalaboratoryfor analysis.TheresultsoftheanalysisareexpressedasaratioofSGOTtoSGPT,which iscalledtheAST/ALTratio.Thenormalratioisbetween0.8and1.2.Aratiohigher than1.2suggeststhattheliverisinflamedordamaged,whilealowerratiocould indicateaninfectionoraproblemwiththeheartorkidneys.Insomecases,doctors mayusetheresultsoftheSGOTandSGPTtestsalongwithotherteststodiagnose specificconditions.Forexample,ifthelevelsofbothenzymesarehigh,thedoctor mayorderadditionalteststocheckforhepatitis.Iftheresultsoftheadditionaltests arepositive,thenthepatientmaybediagnosedwithhepatitis

Itdoesnotrequireanyspecialpreparationandtypicallytakesonlyfiveminutesto complete.Yourdoctormayrecommendthistesttoanalyzeyourliverfunctionand ruleoutanypossiblecomplications.

SGOTandSGPTtestsaregenerallysafe,buttheycanoccasionallycausesideeffects. Thesemayincludeslightdiscomfortorbruisingatthesiteoftheinjectionorblood drawPatientsmayalsoexperiencedizziness,fatigue,ornauseaafterhavingthetest. Inrarecases,thepatientmayexperienceexcessivebleedingatthepuncturesite, hematomaorclottedbloodunderneaththeskin,orinfection.

Thereareafewlifestylehabitsthatcankeepyourliverandbodyinahealthierstate.

SwitchtoHealthyEatingHabits

•IncreaseVitaminDintakeinyourdiet:VitaminDhelpsinpreventinganydamage happeningtotheliveranddecreasestheSGPTlevels Oranges,mushrooms,soy milk,apples,fortifiedcereals,tofu,eggs,dairyproducts,oysters,codliveroil,and greenleafyvegetablesareexcellentsourcesofvitaminD

•Eatanutritiousdiet:Organicandplant-baseddietsarethebestforyourliver function.Avoidexcessivesaltandsodium-richfoods.

•Eatmorevegetablesandfruits:Fruitsandvegetablesthatarehighinantioxidants, suchaspapaya,kiwi,pomegranate,carrot,spinach,bellpepper,etc.,aregoodfor theliver

•Avoidfriedandjunkfoods:Trytoavoideatingdeep-friedfoodsandjunkfood suchaspizza,burgers,etc.Also,trytostayfromchicken,meat,pork,cheese, carbonateddrinks,bacon,andbutter

•Limitalcoholandquitsmoking:Alcoholisthemostdangerousthingfortheliver Consumingexcessivealcoholcanproducetoxinsanddamagetheliverraisingthe SGOTandSGPTlevelsinyourblood.Also,quitsmokingasitcanalsocause damage.

Don’tself-medicate

Absorbingmedicinesistoostressfulontheliver;therefore,havingmedicationsthat arenotprescribedbyaqualifieddoctorcandomoreharmtotheliver

ExerciseRegularly

Doingregularexerciseisessentialformaintainingahealthyliver Itdecreasesthe stressontheliverandalsoincreasesenergylevels.Exercisehelpsinpreventing obesity,whichisoneoftheriskfactorsforliverdiseases

Regularhealthcheck-ups

Goforregularhealthcheck-ups,asliverdysfunctionsdonotalwaysshowsymptoms. Don’twaitfortoolongforsymptomstooccur Routinepreventivescreeningisone waytoknowiftheliverisfunctioningcorrectly HighSGPTorSGOTisusuallyan indicationoflivercellinjury

Onafinalnote,implementingthesehealthylifestylemodificationswithahealthydiet isthebestresolutiontolowerSGPTandSGOTlevels

Dr.KKAggarwal

RecipientofPadmaShri,VishwaHindiSamman,National ScienceCommunicationAwardandDrBCRoyNationalAward, DrAggarwalisaphysician,cardiologist,spiritualwriterand motivationalspeaker.HewasthePastPresidentoftheIndian MedicalAssociationandPresidentofHeartCareFoundationof India.HewasalsotheEditorinChiefoftheIJCPGroup, MedtalksandeMediNexus  MoreFAQsbyDr.KKAggarwal

Medtalks is India's fastest growing Healthcare Learning and Patient Education Platform designedanddevelopedtohelpdoctorsandothermedicalprofessionalstocatereducational andtrainingneedsandtodiscover,discussandlearnthelatestandbestpracticesacross 100+medicalspecialties.AlsofindIndiaHealthcareLatestHealthNews&Updatesonthe IndiaHealthcareatMedtalks

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