DR part 1a + 1b draft

Matthew Smith DR Part 1A+1B WIP Unit 21

1A 01 - Brief 02 - Location 03 - Site photos and description, archaeology, 04 - Surrounding uses + party walls 05 - Social context and users 06 - Relation to key buildings 07 - Transport 08 - Conservation area 09 - Listed buildings 10 - Key council docs 11 - Future plans 12 - Protected views 13 - Sun - wind 14 - Geology and water 15 - Precedents 16 - Site drawings 1B Client intro Funding Procurement Team and hierarchy Time programme To be added: Proposal drawings Flood risk Geology Social context Relation to key buildings Risk Timeline General finishing of pages

Section 1A 1.01 Introduction

Abstract:

A school for training surgeons that addresses the problem of lost techniques and skill sets. The relationship between surgeons, anatomists and artists will be repaired and reappreciated. The students will explore anatomy by drawing, sculpting, sewing, dissecting and manipulating the human form; forced to showcase the hidden wonders of what sleeps beneath. The students will gain enhanced practical skills and a new creative language to communicate the human anatomy.

The site is situated in St. Brides Ave, a narrow alley running along the perimeter of St. Brides Churchyard. The alley embodies a surgical incision - slicing and opening the skin between the church and adjacent buildings. My architecture reflects this, incorporating elements of ‘anatomical architecture;’ light, precise and organic.

What:

Experimental Surgeons School

Who:

Training surgeons

When:

Now

Where:

St. Brides Ave, London

Why:

Surgeons are losing many of the key skills required of their discipline such as manual dexterity and visualisation.

Surgeons will be taught as artists. Experimenting with drawing, sculping, sewing and the manipulation of human anatomy in order to bring well-crafted techniques back to the surgeon’s tool kit.

Supporting Quotes

“Artists are crucial to the history of anatomy” Ruth Richardson, Historian and Author “Some of the work they did, we actually can not reproduce with the skills of today” Harold Ellis, Clinical Anatomist, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College, London “I have ideas about how everybody should be left beneath their skin” “I want my knots to be beautiful” “You develop a kind of aesthetic” Atul Gawande, Surgeon, Writer, and Public Health Researcher, Professor of Surgery at Harvard

Supporting Articles

Section 1B 1.02 Clients, Funder, Tennants

The project consists of 4 key players. A main developer client, two tenant clients and one main funder. Together the 3 clients will write a brief and list the key requirements for the design to meet and incorporate. They will also identify the site and purchase it from its current owner. Once the brief has been established the main developer client will look to secure funds for the project.

Tenent Client Fund

Risk/Consequence: Fail to acquire the site – if the owner of the proposed site refuses to sell or overprices their land the project will be stopped until another site can be secured. This could also end the project completely.

Fail to acquire funds – if the project cannot secure enough money the project will not go ahead.

The ‘Welcome Trust’ is be the main funder of the project. The Welcome Trust is a London-based biomedical research charity. They contributed £120 million to fund the construction of the Sir Francis Crick Institute, a state of the art biomedical research facility based in London’s King Cross.

To quote their website “Our funding supports over 14,000 people in more than 70 countries. In the next five years, we aim to spend up to £5 billion helping thousands of curious, passionate people all over the world explore ideas in science, population health, medical innovation, the humanities and social sciences and public engagement.”

The Royal college of surgeons England is the main client. They have commissioned the scheme and will take on more of a developer role. The RSC “is a professional membership organisation and registered charity, which exists to advance patient care. We support over 25,000 members in the UK and internationally by improving their skills and knowledge, facilitating research and developing policy and guidance”

‘Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry’ will be one of the main tenants and occupier of the building. Facilitating the medical education role with in the scheme. Because of this, they will contribute funds to the running of the building as well as an initial investment. They will also have a client-based role and will help specify the require spaces and equipment.

The school was formed by the merger of London Hospital Medical College and St Bartholomew’s Hospital Medical College. Barts was approached for this project because it is the largest hospital with in the city of London - where the site is situated

‘The Royal Academy of Art, London’ (The RA) will be one of the main tenants and occupiers of the building. Facilitating the Art education role with in the scheme. Because of this they will contribute funds to the running of the building as well as an initial investment. They will also have a client-based role and will help specify the require spaces and equipment.

The RA is a prestigious London based art institution. Hosting exhibitions, education and debates.

They are made up of a collection of artists, architects and, historically, anatomists. Because of this link and pedigree linking art and anatomy the RA is a perfect client/tennant for this scheme.

Section 1A 1.03 Location

The chosen site is located in the churchyard of St Brides Church. just off Fleet Street in the city of London.

The churchyard sits north of the main church and is surrounded by buildings on each side. To the west and north it is broken up by a footpath and to the east, a one-way street. This site was chosen due to the burial ground underneath which the project aims to excavate and build a new necropolis, where the cadavers will be laid to rest.

The proximity to Barts is also a major plus; keeping the site close to other tenant buildings. xxxx

xxxx

xxxx

9m

8.5m 40m

xxxx

Key:

Site

xxxx

Section 1A 1.04 Site Description 1/3

The following images show the site and its surrounding context. The perimeter of the site is made up of narrow roads and alleyways, bordered by the churchyard, which is raised above street level. This gives St Brides dominate presence.

This development will need to reference the ‘City of London local development scheme; City of London Churchyards of Statements of Significance’ sticking within these guidelines will make for a stronger planning argument, increasing the likelihood of gaining planning permission.

01

04

05

02

03

06 site photo key

01

02

04

03

05

06

City of London | Local Development Scheme H i s to r i c E nv i ro n m ent St rateg y

City of London Churchyards Statements of Significance

Section 1A 1.05 Site Description 2/3

The scans show the main body of the site: The churchyard. It currently consists of trees, benches and disused head stones moved to the perimeter fence. there are also several different types of paving and a ramp leading up from the main entrance to the north.

04 03

02

01

site photo key

Section 1A 1.06 Site Description 3/3

02 01

site photo key

Section 1A 1.07 Existing Trees

The site is populated with several trees ranging in size, age and species. Theses trees are managed and care for by the city so any required work / adaptation will need to be approved by the governing bodies. I aim to fell the majority of the trees to make space for the development.

I will consult the ‘city of London, tree strategy’ document to make sure the proposed work is inline.

Risk/Consequence The removal of trees is a negative in the planning argument. To lessen the impact of this decision I would need to replace the fallen trees and even provide more then the original number.

ID

Within Site

Type

Age

1

N

Sorbus

Established

6m

2

N

Betula

Semi Mature

3

N

Pyrus

4

Y

5

Y

Magnolia

6

Y

Prunus

Height Girth

Spread

Fell

1.10m

0-0.5m

N

11m

1.45m

0.5-10m

N

Established

11m

1.60m

0.5-10m

N

Liriodendron Established

7m

7.00m

0.5-10m

Y

Established

8m

1.40m

6-10m

Y

Young

3m

0.40

0.5-10m

Y

5

3

6

7

8

9 10

City of London Supplementary Planning Document

7

Y

Acer

Established

8m

1.80m

11-15m

Y

2

8

Y

Platanus

Mature

24m

6.00m

16-20m

Y

1

9

Y

Platanus

Mature

30m

6.50m

15-20m

Y

10

Y

Magnolia

Established

11m

1.80m

0-0.5m

Y

11

Y

Sorbus

intermedia

6m

1.60m

6-10m

Y

11

4

Tree Strategy Part 1

site plan outlining tree locations

Key:

Site

City Managed Trees tree 1,2,3

tree 4,5

tree 6,7

tree 9,10,11

Section 1B 1.08 Site Archaeology

St Brides has a rich archaeological history. It currently sits on the foundations of 6 previous churches. Dating back to Roman London. The medieval church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London and was rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren. It was this design that we can see today with the prominent church spire.

During WW2 the church was bombed in the Blitz and had to be restored. It was this bombing, however, that revealed the lost crypts housing hundreds of skeletons. It is believed they were victims of the great plague 1665 and the cholera epidemic 1854. The crypt was sealed by parliament and forgotten about.

The team at the ‘Centre for Human Bioarchaeology’ at the Museum of London have done extensive work at St Brides, collecting and recording the remains. I aim to use the centre as a key consultant when excavating the site, allowing them access to study any remains that are found.

st brides romen ruins

Post Blitz Post Great Fire of London

recoved skelotons

Medieval Saxon Roman

medieval St brides

Because of this rich archaeological history, I will be using and referencing the guidelines set out in the ‘City of London, Archaeology and Development Guidance’ As a precedent I will use/follow a similar process to that of Crossrail who recently discovered human remains in two sites across the City of London.

St Brides Crypt

I will use the fact the site has been layered up on top of existing sites to my advantage in the planning argument, showing the site has a history of change and development. I will also re-bury any excavated remains back into the site in the new necropolis.

Risk/Consequence It is unsure what will be dug up during the excavation process. Depending on what/and many things are found this could have a significant consequence on the timeline of the project, delaying future work, cost the client money.

post great fire of london

Crossrail exaggeration

City of London | Local Development Scheme H i s to r i c E nv i ro n m ent St rateg y

Archaeology & Development Guidance SPD

post Blitz

St Brides Crypt

Crossrail exaggeration

Section 1A 1.09 Site Sections

Three sections dissecting the site show the context building heights as well as the ascent facades to the north and south. The church spire has been dash in for reference. All drawings are to a diagrammatic scale.

C

B

Key:

Section Cut

Projected Church

Site

C

A B

site photo key

A

Section 1A 1.10 Wind Analysis

The winds mostly prevail from a SW direction, being situated within a courtyard the site is shielded from these wonds by the surrounding buildings. As long as the proposed building does not raise apove this ‘shield’ the impact of the wind will be minimal.

N NWN

NW

20%

NNE

NE

15%

10% WNW

ENE

5%

W

E

WSW

ESE

SE

SW Key:

Prevailing wind

Site

Contextual shields

SSE

SSW

S

Section 1A 1.11 Sunlight Analysis

The site is situated within a courtyard shielded by the surrounding buildings.

The churches’ north façade gets no direct sunlight

N

-15°

15° 30

°

-30

°

10°

° 45

-4 5°

20°

30°

04

20 -60 °

° 60

40°

50°

19

05

18

06

70°

80°

07 E

W

17

75°

-75°

60°

08

16 09

15 10

°

12

11

0°

-12

12

0°

-105

13

105°

14

Key:

°

Contextual shields

-165

S

Site

165°

Sun

12

° 35 -1

10

11

0°

Winter Solstice path

13

-15

14

0°

Year round path

09

15

15

5°

Summer Solstice path

13

Section 1A 1.12 Rights of Light

The proposal will interfere with the rights of light and right to light of the buildings to the north and south of the site. The building to the south gets no direct sunlight throughout the year, but the faรงade to the north with be severely effected. To combat this I will offset the main body of my building away from faรงades. I will also try to buy their rights, neither of the surrounding buildings are residential.

I will also argue that the existing trees have already been impairing their light.

Risk/Consequence Failure to secure the rights could stop the proposal from gaining planning

Key:

RoL RtL Issue

Site

Projected North windows

Projected South windows

Section 1A 1.13 Party Walls

The site does not have any connection party walls, but it being less than 3m from its neighbours to the north and south means it has party foundation issues that will need to be negotiated.

Risk/Consequence Lengthy negotiations can hold up the project as well a costing money.

1.5m

2.5m

C

Key:

Site

Grade 1

Grade 2

Party Foundation Issue

Section Cut

C

C

Section 1A 1.14 Conservation Areas

The site is situated within the Fleet Street conservation area. New developments will need to be in keeping with the constraints outlined in the ‘City of London, Fleet Street Conservation Area, Character Summary and Management Strategy’ Risk/Consequence Failing to respect the contextual character of the surrounding contexts could lead to the building failing to get planning permission

Fleet Street CA Character Summary and Management Strategy Feb 2016

1

Key:

Fleet Street

Whitefriars

St Paul’s Cathedral

Temple

Newgate Street

Site xxxx

Section 1A 1.15 Listed Buildings

The site is surrounded by listed buildings ranging from grade 1 to grade 2 star Risk/Consequence The proposal will need to be careful not to harm or negatively impact these buildings. Doing so could lead to the proposal failing to obtain planning.

Due to the complexity of the site, the contractor will need to be careful not to damage the surrounding buildings.

Key:

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 2 Star

Section 1A 1.16 Protected View

The site sits just outside the St Pauls building height policy area and is not in the path of any direct views. It is however within two views listed with in Fleet Street conservation area.

Risk/Consequence Inhibiting these views could lead to the proposal failing to get planning permission

City of London

P ro t e c t e d V i ews Supplementar y Planning Document

Fleet Street CA Character Summary and Management Strategy Feb 2016

01

1

02

01 02

Key:

Site

St Pauls heights policy area

Protected vistas

City boundries

St Paul’s Cathedral

Camera position site photo key

site photo key

Section 1A 1.17 Surrounding Uses

The surrounding context is mostly made up of mixed use developments with retail/food and beverage outlets on the ground floor and offices above them. Fleet Street is a key area earmarked for business and retail development in the future. The lack of surrounding residential buildings is a positive to the proposal as it allows the contractor to work during unsociable hours

3 1 Ludgate House

120

107-111

130

Fleet Street

85

88

89

90-94

95

94

98 -100

101 8 7

66 30

St Bride’s Avenue

26

6

5

4

3

24 2-3

22

21

5

Bride Court

4

3

4

2 5

Mixed use retail/office

Mixed use F&B/retail

Mixed use F&B/resi

Mixed use retail/resi

Place of worship

Retail

Food & bevarage (F&B)

Office

Culture

Salisbury Court

Key:

St Bride’s Church

6 1820 17

St Bride’s Passage

St Bride’s House

1214 The Bridwell Theatre

7 16

Tote House 8-12

Section 1A 1.18 Transport Links

The site has good transport links with several buses running down Fleet Street. There are 2 tube stations with in a 10 min walk and two railway stations within a 2 and 6min walk. Due to this I will not provide parking on site improving the green conditions of the proposal

City Thameslink

ST Pauls

2 min walk

6 min walk

Key:

Site

Quickest walking route

Underground station

Railway station

Bus stop transport map

Blackfriers 6 min walk

Section 1A 1.19 Site Access

Text to be added.

Key:

Main Road

Secondary Road

Cycle Path

Pedestrian Path

Section 1A 1.20 Council Planning Guidelines

As well as the documents I have already outlined, the proposal will need to reference the following documents as shown. Outlining policy on a local, city and future level.

CITY OF LONDON STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT

NOVEMBER 2017

CITY OF LONDON

LOCAL PLAN January 2015

THE LONDON PLAN

THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR LONDON CONSOLIDATED WITH ALTERATIONS SINCE 2011 MARCH 2016

1

Section 1B

Section 1B 2.01 Procurement

There are 3 main procurement routes. All of which have their own pros and cons. Due to the complexity of my proposal I have decided to take a traditional procurement route, prioritizing quality and cost. Due to the nature of the exaggeration the time line, the project is uncertain and could stretch on. For this reason, I believe the other routes are unsuitable. I will also have a 2 stage tender process in order to get contractors design input early into the process.

Cost

Time

Cost

Traditional

Pro

Pro

Con

Competitive tender allows for negotiating costs. Allows client to save money.

The tender process adds time to the project schedule

Cost

Quality

Quality

Higher quantity and detailed drawings issued before tender ensures the quality of design this also allows for a more accurate costing of the project, in turn keeps the cost down

Time

Quality

Design + Build Pro

Bring the contractor on early save time due to the lack of tender

Pro

Project will be done on a fixed price.

Anything over the agreed price will be funded by the contractor.

Pro

Contractor takes responsibility and risk for delivering the project

Con

Quality suffers due to the contracted leading design and construction. Time and cost is prioritised over quality

Con

Client has to commit to a design early

Time

Managment Contract Pro

Appointed managing contractor takes the responsibility and risk for the project being delivered

Pro

Contractor appointed early allows some work to begin before the design is finished. Saving time.

Pro

Having the team together early allows for better input on the quality and buildability of the design during the design process.

Con

The cost of the project is at risk of fluctuating as the design has not be finalized and subject to change

Section 1B 2.02 Design Team

The design team will consist of an architect (lead consultant), contractor, engineers, consultants and a archaeologist. All these members will have their own individual contract with the client.

The funder on the project will employ a cost consultant who will work for them, keeping an eye on the cost of the project.

Tenent Client Fund

Contracted to

Contracted to

Cost Consultant

Design team

Architect

Contractor Coordinated by

Engineers

Consultants

Archaeologist

Section 1B 2.03 Sub-Contractors

Text to be added.

Client

Main Contractor

Supplier

Sub contractors

Faรงade contractor

Specialist Interior contractor

Landscaper

Structural contractor

Surveyor

Lighting contractor

Electricians Archaeologist Specialist contractors

Section 1B 2.04 Consultants

Text to be added.

Client

Design team

Consultants Planning Consultant

Medical designer

Interior designer Surveyor

Quantity Surveyor

RoL Surveyor

Section 1B 2.05 User Demographic

Text to be added.

Full Time

Part Time

Students

Practicing Professionals

Teachers

Public

Practicing Students Technicians Users

Support Staff Students Teachers

Cadavers

Public

Exhibition

Practicing Students Technicians Support Staff Cadavers

Teaching

Funeral

Lectures

Tour Practicing

Exhibition Funeral

Practicing ProfesPublic

Lecture

Practicing Profes-

Lecture Exhibition

Tour

Tour

Section 1B 2.06 Risk

Text to be added.

Fail to acquire site

Uncertainty of Excavation

Text to be added.

Text to be added.

Damaging surrounding building

Restricted access to site

Text to be added.

Text to be added.

Fail to get planning

Fail to secure funds

Text to be added.

Text to be added.

Section 1B 2.07 Economic Generation

Text to be added.

Stream Teaching Bodies Barts

Donations Private

Activities

Sponsorship

Private Teaching Public Lectures Exhibition Private Events

Trusts

RA

Section 1B 2.08 Project Stages

Text to be added.

Tasks

RIBA Stages RCS initiates idea

Feasibility Studies Procurement

Secures occupants RA and Barts Develops program and project goals and outlines Approaches Welcome Trust for funding

0

1

Puts out a RFP Tender Stage 1

Joint bid from architect, engineer and contractor

2

Design Development

3

Pre Planing Submit Planning Tender Stage 2

Technical Design Re-bid from architect, engineer and contractor Bid from sub contractors, suppliers

4

Re-costed Start Costruction Finish Costruction Hand over to the Client / tennant

Client

Assess whilst in use

Design Team

Tennant Architect Engineers Contractor Archaeologist Consultants Subcontractor

0

1

2

3 RIBA Stages

4

5

6

7

5 6 7