ESSENTIAL
Year 12 QLD Curriculum
A
B
B
A
A
C B A
B A
B
A
B
S
T
A
B
C
Acute angle
Right angle
Obtuse angle
Angle
Reflex angle
180°
360°
R
Q
P
Two pairs of parallel lines.
X
Z
W
Y
B B A
A
A
B
R Q
P A
B
C
P
X
W Z Q
R
Y
A
D
E C
B
A
A
D
B
D
B C
C
D
A
A B E
B C
D C
E
D
F
C
A
AB = AC
B
C X
A
D
B
J
K
M N
L
D
A 4 mm
8 mm
B
C
11 cm
11 cm
11 cm
11 cm
Square pyramid
Triangular pyramid
Hexagonal pyramid
E
F D
A
G
H B
C
Top
Top
Front Right side 3D Representation
Front Right side 2D Orthographic projections
Top view
Front view
Side view
20 cm 16 cm
18 cm
24 cm
26 cm
20 cm 26 cm
26 cm
20 cm
4
6 7
4 7
6 4 6 4
4 4 4 4
6
6 7
7
7
6
7
6
Top view
Top view
Side view Side view Front view Front view Top view
Front view
Side view
Top view
Side view Front view
Front view
Front view
Side view
Side view
Top view
Top view
Top
Side elevation
Front elevation
17. 1 m2 27 m2
22.8 m2
27 m2 17. 1 m2
22.8 m2
÷10
mm
÷100
cm
×10
÷1000
m
×100
km
×1000
5 cm
12 cm
8 cm
2.5 m
4 cm 5 cm
10 cm 6 cm
l r
θ r
13 cm 18 cm
15 mm
180° 4
4
15° 14
135°
4 cm
8 cm
10 cm
7 cm
3m
3m
5m
3m
10 m
2.5 m
3m
2.5 m
4m
5m
4m
6m
3m
80 cm
25 m
10 m
3m
y 10 m
x 4m 8m
12 cm
2m 4m
15 cm
80 cm
6 cm
3 cm
÷100
mm2
÷10 000
cm2
×100
÷10 000
m2
×10 000
÷100
ha
×10 000
km2
×100
2.2 m
50 cm 50 cm 1.5 m
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
10.4 9.1 7.8 6.5 5.2 3.9 2.6 1.3 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
l
w
l
h
b
h
b
a
h
b
5 cm
8 cm
12 m
6 cm
15 cm
7 cm
10 cm
2m
4.5 m
8 cm
4m 15 m
5 mm
12 mm
3m 9m
4 cm 3 cm
6 cm
10 mm 5 mm 14 mm
r
r
θ
4m
3.5 cm
5.2 m
8 cm 45°
180° 7 cm
10 m 30°
4m
150° 6 cm
120°
12 m
60°
4 cm
8 cm 3 cm 7 cm
Area 1 Area 2
Total area = Area 1 + Area 2
Total area = Large area − Shaded area
3 cm
4 cm
5 cm
4m
6m
300 m
500 m 200 m 700 m
300 m A
300 m
500 m B 700 m
200 m
6 cm 15 cm
19 cm
6 cm
h·l h
w·h l·w
w
l
w
w·h
l·w
h
h·l l
l
l l
l l
l
7 cm
20 cm
15 cm 30 cm
10 cm 6 cm 8 cm
1.5 m
6 cm 9 cm
20 cm
6 cm
6 cm
4 cm
12 cm
5 cm
7 cm 8 cm
5m 7m
15 m
12 m 3m 5m
30 cm
50 cm 2m 40 cm
8 cm
x 16 cm 6 cm
y cm
3 cm
10 cm
8 cm 13 cm
Bag A Bag B
8 cm
7 cm 10 cm
10 cm
r h r
h r
r h r
h r
3m
3m
8m
4m
9m 4m
8m 10 m
5m
3m 8m
3m 3m
3m 5m
8m 6m
4m
7m
9m
6m 4m 7m 9m
31.2 cm 6.8 cm
2.24 m
6.68 m
Perpendicular height
Slant height
9.1 cm 7 cm
9.3 cm
7 cm 8 cm 9.1 cm
9.3 cm
8 cm
14 cm 20 mm
8 cm 16 mm
8 cm
19 cm
9 cm 8 cm
11 cm
9 cm
11 cm
9 mm
4 cm 12 cm
11 mm 11 mm
8 mm
6 cm 10 cm
10 mm 10 mm
r s
h
r
s
r
s
h
r
s
8 cm
3 cm
B
A
C
13.7 cm 14 cm
9.1 cm
9 cm
3 cm
10 cm
4.6 cm 8 cm
Open hemisphere
Closed hemisphere
9 cm
3 cm
4 cm
10 cm
6 cm
10.3 cm
30.04 mm
12 m
11 cm
55 cm
34 cm
12 m
5m
50 cm
2m 80 cm
7 cm
10 m
3m
2m 3m
4m
5m
5m
2m
4m 4m
5m
10 m
4m
50 cm
2m 60 cm
1 cm
0.25 cm
1 cm
2 cm
6 cm
6 cm 10 cm
10003
km3
1003
m3
10003
103
cm3
1003
mm3
103
1000
mL
1000
L
1000
1000
kL
1000
ML
1000
1000
mL
cm3
L
m3
1000
6 cm
4 cm 10 cm
3m
2m
3 cm
8 cm 2 cm 12 cm
12 cm
10 cm 7 cm
50 cm 30 cm 90 cm
5.3 cm
11.5 cm
10 cm
7 cm 12.8 cm 9.9 cm
Height
Base Radius
4 cm
12 cm
6 cm
5 cm
10 cm
10 cm
10
98 35
5 cm
80
3m
17 cm 8m
5 cm
6 cm 15 cm
12 cm
5 cm
17 cm
51 cm
20 cm 20 cm
55 cm 20 cm 59 cm
40 cm
40 cm 3m
2m
15 cm
2.4 cm
1.8 cm
6 cm
10 cm
12 cm
8 cm
3m
2m 1.5 m
6 cm 10 cm
5 cm 8 cm 12 cm 12 cm 10 cm
18 cm
8 cm 24 cm
6 cm
10 cm
24 cm
13 m
17 cm
6m 8m
29 cm
16 cm 13 cm 14 cm
h
r
30 cm
32 cm
20 cm
9 cm
14 cm
10 cm
4 cm 8 cm 3 cm
12 cm
6 cm 12.5 cm 4.1 cm
14 cm
6 cm
9 cm
13 cm
26 cm
20 cm
2.9 km
4.82 km
0.4 km
0.6 km
Radius
r
5 cm
22 cm
8 cm
A
B
28.04 cm
11 cm
22 cm
5 cm
4 cm 10 cm 5 cm 8 cm
7
7 3 4
4
40
1
10 m 4m
10 cm 4 cm
8 cm
9 cm 15 cm
6
2 3 3
8m 15 m 7m
5m 12 m 6m
9m 4m
10 cm
10 m
5 cm
12 m
8m
14 cm 5 cm
15 cm
10 cm 19.5 m 9m 11 cm
8m 17 m
6 cm 4 cm
8 cm 10 cm 6 cm 3 cm
3 cm 12 cm
12 cm 20 cm
16 cm
8 cm
5 cm
10 cm 2 cm 7 cm
16 cm
2 cm 7 cm
2 cm 8 cm
4 cm 8 cm 8 cm 4 cm
10 cm 8 cm 15 cm 3 cm 16 cm 0.4 m
0.4 m 3m
2m
0.8 m
0.2 m
13 cm 6 cm
4 cm
51 cm
20 cm 20 cm
55 cm 20 cm 59 cm
45 cm
3m
5m
1.5 m 1.5 m
9 cm
6 mm
14 mm
15 cm
11 cm
12 mm
7 mm
18 mm
4 mm
6 mm
6m
10 mm 20 m
4m
10 m
8 cm
5 cm
12 cm 7 cm
15 cm
25 mm
10 cm 10 cm
18 mm
15 cm 12 cm
7 cm
8.5 cm
3 cm
8 cm
8 cm 15 cm
60 cm
2.5 m 80 cm
5 mm
3 cm
8 mm
5 cm 4 cm
7 cm 6m 10 m 3 cm
5m
5m 6 mm
4m 10 m 9m
12 cm
12 m
5 cm
10 m
11 cm 3 cm
5 cm
17 cm
3 cm 8 cm 3 cm
4m
6m
2m
2m
58.6 cm
20 cm
0 9 Kilograms
8
9
0
3 5
3
2
7 6
2
7
1
Kilograms
8
1
4
4
6 5
5 cm
8 cm
PAN Kitchen BTM Closet
Dining Bedroom Living room
Single door
Sliding door
Double door
Sliding window
Fixed window
Bay window
Brick wall
Concrete wall
Ceramic wall
Curved stairs
L-Shaped stairs
CAB
BTH
Bathtub
Spiral stairs
Double bed
Cabinet
CNTP
Scale 1:100
Kitchen
Laundry
Patio
Bed 2
Dining Bath
Living
WR
Bed 1
Garage Dining
Kitchen
Bed 3 WR
Living Porch
Bed 2
WR Bed 1
I
Garage 6670×5500
Kitchen
Dining 3600×3150
Bed 2 3340×2800
III
Dining 5290×3290
II V
Bed 3 Bed 1 3400×2760 4100×3200
IV
WR
WR
VII
VI
STOR
STOR
Bed 4 3.300×3.000
Media room 5.650×4.210
WR BTH
SHR LIN LIN
WR
Bed 2 3.580×2.900
Bed 3 4.220×2.790
Family 6.790×3.700 Dining 3.760×3.180
Kitchen REF SHR
Garage Bed 1 4.560×3.870
Lounge 5.470×3.550
WR
Bed3
Bed1
WR
Bed2
Kitchen
Family
Living Dining
Garage
2 metres
10
695
25 25
410
25 N 410
25 25
550
25
680
25
A
1.2
2.3
0.1 0.9
1.5
Bedroom 2 22.1 m2
Kitchen 22.5 m2
1.2 Bedroom 1 19.75 m2 4.5
1.5
Bathroom 8.75 m2
1.2 1.5
1.1 0.6 1.3 0.6 1.5
Hall 13.45 m2 Lounge 31.0 m2
Garage 23.84 m2
20 cm
Future development
Scale 1:10 000
WR
Garage 5.5×5.5 Dining 3.4×2.7
Porch
Living 4.6×4.0
Kitchen Family 3.1×2.8
WR Bed 2 3.1×3.1
Bed 3 3.3×2.7 WR Bed 1 3.6×3.4
5 4 3 2 1 cm
cm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 cm 10 cm
x cm
25 cm
B
25 cm
21 cm
A
20 cm
C
a
a×k
a a a×k
6m 12 m
A = x cm2
A = 675 cm2
9 cm 45 cm
A = 196 mm2 A = 49 mm2
Figure I
Figure II
7 cm
28 cm
20 cm
21 cm 3 cm 12 cm
6 cm 9 cm
y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Hypotenuse
Right angle
c a
b
16
9
18
c
a
b
c
16
12
a2 + b2 = c2
10
x
6
l
54 m 37 m
10 m
c
b
a
A X
Z
Y
B
C
17
18 10
10 21
18
24
30
23
c cm
cm
15 cm
21 m
8 cm
20 m
c cm cm 10 m 9 cm 3 cm 16 m 17 cm
3m c cm
cm
9 cm 6m
bm
10 m
bm 26 m
17 m
20 m
bm
bm
29 m
24 m
8m
10 m
9m
b cm
13 m
bm 15 cm
23 cm
10 mm
a mm
17 cm a cm
8 mm 15 cm am
82 m
am 11 m 13 m
80 m
10
7 5
x
y
12 9 h
13 m 12 m
rm
ym 4.5 m
29 m xm
ym
xm
25 m 2.8 m
21 m 2.3 m A
E
8 cm
6 cm
a cm
B
C
x cm
D
14 cm
b cm 105 mm x mm 145 mm
z mm y mm
192 mm
136 mm
64 mm
74.6 cm xm 182.4 cm
203.9 cm
12 m d cm 6m
8m 49 cm
315 mm
15 cm
723 mm
478 mm d cm
17 cm
k mm 18.5 cm
15.3 cm
k cm
Start
834 m
691 m 427 m
4.9 m
4.9 m
hm
3.5 m
3.5 m
9.2 m
xm
2.43 m 7.66 m 5.25 m
14.78 m
1 cm 1 cm
1 cm
1 cm 1 cm
Hypotenuse
Opposite
x
)
(H
(A ) nt ce ja Adjacent (A)
O
pp
os
ite
Ad
(H) use
Hy
pot
enu
H) se (
Hy po ten
Opposite (O)
e Adjacent (A)
Adjacent (A)
Opposite (O)
us en
t po
Hy
Opposite (O)
Adjacent
Hypotenuse (H)
(O
)
A α
B
θ C
Opposite
Hypotenuse
x Adjacent
po
Hy
po
te
nu
se
Opposite
Opposite
Hy
te
nu
se
θ
θ
Opposite Hypotenuse
θ
Adjacent
Adjacent
Adjacent Hypotenuse
Opposite Adjacent
3 2 1 45º 1
45º
45º 2
3
A
15 17
C θ
8
Hy
po
Hy
po
te
nu
se
θ
Opposite Hypotenuse
te
nu
se
θ Adjacent Adjacent Hypotenuse
Opposite
Opposite
B
θ Adjacent Opposite Adjacent
Opposite
Hy
po
Hy
po
Tangent
te
nu
se
te
nu
se
θ
θ
Opposite
Cosine
Sine
θ
Adjacent
Adjacent
Opposite Hypotenuse
Adjacent Hypotenuse
Opposite Adjacent
SOH
CAH
TOA
B θ
17 A
15 8 C
B
10
C
x
6
A
A α
C
θ B A B
C
7m θ 24 m
A
A 34
5
θ
30
4
C
16 B
θ B
C
3
C
A
A
21
13 B
20
θ
12
5
29
C
θ B C
C 7
B θ
θ
24
B
28 53
25 A
45
A
A 25 7 B
C
24
A 10 6 B
C
8
5m
5.83 m
3m θ
C
D
3
θ 4
5
8 E 5 A
3
B
T 62.29 m
H
63 m
31.14 m
A
B
46 m
C
A α
C
θ B
23 m
A
B θ
13
17 A
12
15 8
θ B
B
C
C
5
B
5
θ
5 α
4
A
θ
C
3 C
13
12 α
A
B
A
32
17
θ
α C
α 15 8
58 8 θ
B
C
A
7
24
5
θ
θ
12
θ θ
9
9 31
12
A
x
x
12
θ B
5
C
8
θ B
6
C
A
A
13
5
x
θ 5
B
C
B
x
θ
C
3
B 8
θ
C
17
x α
A B
x
15
C
A
8
A α 13
B
12
θ 5
C
B
5
C
4
x
A
Cosine
Hy
Hy
po
po
Tangent
te
nu
se
Opposite
Opposite
Sine
te
nu
se
Adjacent
θ Adjacent
Opposite Hypotenuse
Adjacent Hypotenuse
Opposite Adjacent
SOH
CAH
TOA
θ
θ
f mm
11 mm 25º
A
7 C 25
x B
A α
C
θ B
4 cm 25º g cm 16 cm 42º fm 27º
f cm
8m
43º hm 70 m
30 m
32 cm 52º
x cm
11 cm
C
C
13
12
12
x
x A
A
B
5
B
y
10
15 z x 30
19 cm y 8 cm x 33 cm
A
12
13
θ B
5
C
xm 21º
hm
2.1 m
hm
23 m
29º
1.88 m
38º dm
23.9 m 4.1 m
θ
Start
834 m
691 m 427 m
Angle of elevation
1.36 m 32° d
19 m
α 13 m
Angle of elevation
Angle of depression
Angle of elevation
Horizontal
Angle of depression
x
Angle of depression
y Angle of elevation
C
B
19
9 A
D
Angle of depression
B
D α
A
C
h 43° 20 m
A
19
y x C
B
D y
x
5
A
3
C
25
30 m
θ 23 m
18 m
27 m
θ
32°
344 m
xm
Landing pad
12 m 3° dm
10 369 m θ 23 444 m 68 m x 20 m
A
13° B
16° 2000 m
Airport
North
32° hm 15 m
θ
20 m
East A C 7m
B
29°
45°
16 m P
18°
D
24 cm
40 mm
a cm
b mm 7 cm 9 mm
17 m
25 m
8m dm
cm
7m
12 40°
55° y
x
26 θ θ
15 18
9
35°
12 10 x 5 x
10
x
x
9 25°
18
41 cm 58°
x cm
25 cm
C A
10°
B
14°
1500 m
Key Symbol
Feature Drain Basin Toilet Showerhead Window Door
6.4 m
4.2 m
Diagonal divide Rectangular vegetable garden
A
Driveway
B
D C Scale 1:80
4
7
6
5
8
10
6
9
11
12 7
13
4
2
3 4
6 5
3
2 3
5 5
7 6
4
2
2
5
3
4
6
8
7
9
8 7
4
2
3
6
3
2
7
8
10
9 8
6
9
J
10 9
7
5 5
10
J
K
Q
J 10
8
6
4
4
Q Q
A
K
Q J
9
7
5
3
J 10
8
6
2
10
A
K Q
9
A K
J
9
7 8
K
A
Q
10
8
7
K
J
9
6
A
Q
10
5
K
J
4
A
Q
3
K
2
A
A
11
7
12 3 4 8
4
2
3 4
6 5
3
2 3
5 5
7 6
4
2
2
5
3
4
6
8
7
9
8 7
4
2
3
6
3
2
7
8
10
9 8
6
9
J
10 9
7
5 5
10
J
K
Q
J 10
8
6
4
4
Q Q
A
K
Q J
9
7
5
3
J 10
8
6
2
10
A
K Q
9
A K
J
9
7 8
K
A
Q
10
8
7
K
J
9
6
A
Q
10
5
K
J
4
A
Q
3
K
2
A
A
Head
Tail
Frequency
30
Coin toss experiment
20
10
0
Heads Tails Outcome
Frequency
Dice roll experiment 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
2
3 4 5 Outcome
6
Worker applications by country
Number of applications
40 30 20 10 0 Philippines
Spain
UK Country
USA
11
7
12
3
4 8
7
8
3
?
8
2
5
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1 B 2
A
Probability T Branch
0.1
Event
0.9 H
Outcomes T T H
T H H
T
TTT
H
TTH
T
THT
H T
THH HTT
H
HTH
T
HHT
H
HHH
G G
Y R G
Y
Y R G
R
Y R
H
12 52
0.1
W
F 60% 30%
40 52
0.9 T Showing outcomes of whether the Hawk or the Tigers win the match
10% D
N
Outcomes of selecting a face card or number card from standard deck of cards
Outcomes of playing a game of chess
Probability
W 0.3
0.7 L
0.3 0.7
0.3 0.7
L
W WW
0.09
L WL
0.21
W LW
0.21
L LL
0.49
Recipient Recipient 7 10
3 10 Not
7 10
7 10
3 10
3 10
7 10 Not
3 10
Recipient
7 10
7 10
3 10
3 10
7 10 Not
3 10
Recipient
Not Recipient
Not Recipient
Not Recipient
Not
G G B G B B
G 4 7 3 7 B
3 6 3 6 4 6 2 6
G
B G
B
2 0
3 5 7 1
1
3 7 9
R S
L C
V G
M C
3 2 4 2 3 4 2 4 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
H H T
H
H T T H H T
T
H T T
2
3
4
0
2
7
5
R R S R S S
H H T
H
H T T H H T
T
H T T
Win Win 3 5
2 5 Lose
Hit 1 5
4 5 Miss
3 5
3 5
2 5
2 5
3 5 Lose
2 5
Win
3 5
3 5
2 5
2 5
3 5 Lose
2 5
Hit
1 5
1 5
4 5
4 5
1 5 Miss
4 5
Hit
1 5
1 5
4 5
4 5
1 5 Miss
4 5
Win
Lose Win
Lose Win
Lose Win
Lose
Hit
Miss Hit
Miss Hit
Miss Hit
Miss
Bike Bike
70% 30%
70%
30% Walk
Bike
30% Walk
Walk Bike
70% 30%
Walk
70%
Bike
30%
70% 30%
Bike
70%
Walk
Walk Bike
70% 30%
Walk
A
B C
c
G
G d
a
b
e
B G
B f
O
B C
A
?
O
T
O T
?
?
T
B
D
T
E
O
F
T
? ?
?
O T O
1
1 2 3 4 5 6
2
1 2 3 4 5 6
3
1 2 3 4 5 6
4
1 2 3 4 5 6
5
1 2 3 4 5 6
6
1 2 3 4 5 6
Win Win 65%
Win
65%
35%
35%
65%
Win
Lose
35%
Lose
Win
65%
35% Lose
65%
65%
35%
35%
65% Lose
35%
Lose
Win Lose Win Lose
Number of earthquakes
15
Earthquakes sizes
10
5
0
1
2 4 5, 6, or 7 Magnitude
Disease Absent Disease Absent P = 0.95
P = 0.01
P = 0.05
P = 0.01 Disease Present
Test Negative
DATN
Test Positive Test Negative
DATP DPTN
Test Positive
DPTP
P = 0.99
P = 0.99
Rolling a 6-sided die experiment 14 Frequency
12 10 8 6 4 2 0
1
2
3 4 5 Outcome
6
2
3
4
T
T
F F
T
F
0
2
7
5
Toast
6 10
7 10
4 10
3 10
6 10 Cereal
4 10
Tea
Milo Tea
Milo
Number of storms
5 4 3 2 1 0
0 mm
10 mm
20 mm 30 mm 40 mm Amount of rainfall
50 mm
60 mm
1
2
2
2 3
y-axis
y
x-axis 0
x
y
y-positive
5 4 3 2 1
x-negative
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 y-negative
x-positive
1
2
3
4
5
x
10 8 6 4 2
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
−10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
10 8 6 4 2 −10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
10 8 6 4 2
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
−10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
10 8 6 4 2 −10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
6 5 4 3 2 1
B −4 −3 −2 −1 C
−1 −2 −3 −4
y A
x 1
2 D
3
4
y 4 3
2nd quadrant
1st quadrant
2
(−, +)
(+, +)
1 x −4
−3
−2
−1
1
2
3
4
−1 3rd quadrant (−, −)
−2 −3 −4
4th quadrant (+, −)
10 8 6 4 2 −10 −8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
10 8 6 4 2 −10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
y 4 3
2nd quadrant (−, +)
1st quadrant (+, +)
2 1
−4 −3 −2 −1
x 1
−1
−2 3rd quadrant −3 (−, −) −4
10 8 6 4 2 −10 −8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10
2
3
4
4th quadrant (+, −)
y
x 2 4 6 8 10
H
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
G
F E
−9 −8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 K
J
I
L
y
B A D
C
1
−1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7 −8 −9
2
3
4
5
6
7
M
P
8
9
x
O
N
y 4 A
3 2 1
B −4
−3
−2
−1
−1 −2
C
−3 −4
x 1
2
3
4 D
10 8 6 4 2
R
−10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 S −8 −10
10 D 8 6 4 2
y A
x
B
−10−8 0−8 −6 −6 − −4 4− −2 2 −2 − 2 −4 − 4 −6 − 6 C −8 8 −10
y
T A 2 4 6 8 10
D
x
10 8 6 4 2
−10−8 −6 −6 − −4 4− −2 2 −2 − 2 U −4 − 4 −6 −8 −10
P x 2 4 6 8 10 Q
y T
x 2 4 6 8 10
−10−8 −6 −4 −2 −2 −4 −6 − 6 −8 − 8 V −10
2 4 6 8 10 B
−10−8 −6 −4 −2 2 −2 − 2 C −4 −6 −8 −10
10 8 6 4 2
10 8 6 4 2
y
U
y S
x 2 4 6 8 10 V
y 4 3 2 B
1
−4 −3 −2 −1 −1 −2 −3 −4
A 1
2
3
x 4
1
2
3
4
x
−2
0
2
4
y
−11
−5
1
7
(−2, −11) (0, −5) (2, 1)
(4, 7)
Hour 1
Hour 2
Hour 3
Hour 4
29 cm
24 cm
15 min
19 cm 30 min
14 cm 45 min
1
2
3
4
60 min
1
2
3
4
x
1
2
3
4
y
−2
1
4
7
(1, −2) (2, 1) (3, 4) (4, 7)
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
−3 −2 −1 −1 −2 −3
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 −3 −2 −1 −1 −2 −3
y
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 1
−4 −3 −2 −1 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7
2
3
4
y
5 x 5
−5 −5
y 3 2 1 −3 −2 −1
−1
−2 −3 −4 −5
x 1
2
3
4
5
1.2
Bone density (g/cm2)
1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0
40
50
60
Age (Years) 70 80
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Height (cm)
Fertiliser (cups) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Height (cm)
Fertiliser (cups) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Height (cm)
Fertiliser (cups) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rise
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fall
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Clusters
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Outliers
Number of soups sold 48 36 24 12 Temperature ( °C) 0
4
8
12
16
20
Amount of healthy coral 8 6 4 2
0
1200
2
4
Sea temperature 6 8
Number of soups sold
Price ($′000) 40
1000
30
800 600
20
400 10
200 Area (m ) 2
0
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
400
800
1200
Salary ($′000)
40
80
120
Height (cm) 160 200
Temperature (°C) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
35 Sea temperature
Vision
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Height
30 25 20 20
25 30 35 40 45 Air temperature
Number of swimmers
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
0
5
10
Temperature (°C) 15 20 25 30
Sleep time (hours)
18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
200
Body weight (kg) 400 600
100
y
Test score
80 60 40 20 x
Hours spent for watching TV
0
5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0
2 4 6 Study time (hours)
8
1
5
y
x 2
3
4
Hours spent for homework
200
y
Height (cm)
190 180 170 160 150
x
0
150 160 170 180 190 200
Car value ($)
Arm span (cm) 40 000 35 000 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5000 0
y
x 8 2 4 6 Age of car (years)
10
y
140
IQ score
130 120 110 100 90 80
x 0
50
100
150
House number
200
Fuel efficiency (L/100km)
y
80 60 40 20 0
x 2
4 6 8 Hours studied
y
14 12 10 8 6
x
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
10
Driving speed (km/h)
y
5 Number of siblings
Test score (%)
100
4 3 2 1 0
x 5
6
7
8
9
Shoe size
10
11
12
Ice cream sales ($)
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100
y
x
0
15
20
25
30
35
Weekly pocket money ($)
Daily temperature (°C)
20.0 17.5 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0
y
x 6
8
10
12
14
Age (years)
16
18
Height of a bouncing ball (m) 5
0
y
4 3
2 1 x
1 2 3
Time (seconds)
4 5
y
100 Final exam mark (%)
95 90 85 80 75 70 65 0
x 2
4 6 Hours studied
100 Final exam mark (%)
Final exam mark (%)
100
8
y
95 90 85 80 75 70 65 0
x 2
4 6 Hours studied
y
95 90 85 80 75 70 65 0
x 2
4 6 Hours studied
8
8
x 0
5
10
15
Annual income ($)
Annual income ($)
y
140 000 120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000
y
140 000 120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000
x 0
20
5
10 5 15 Years of experience
Annual income ($)
x 0
x 0
20
10 5 15 Years of experience
450 400 350 300 250
x
200 4
20
y
140 000 120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000
y
500
15
Years of experience
y
140 000 120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000
Reaction time (ms)
Annual income ($)
Years of experience
10
5
6 7 8 Hours of sleep
9
10
20
Movies watched per month
10
y
8 6 4 2 x 0 20
30
40
50
Age (years)
60
70
y
12 10 8 6 4 2 0
x 5
10
15
20 25 30 35
Age of phone (months)
y
6 Crop yield (tonnes)
Battery life (hours)
14
5 4 3 2 1
x 0
60
80
100
120 140 Rainfall (mm)
160
180
200
Stopping distance (m)
200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 20
y
x 40 60 80 100 Car speed (km/h)
120
House price ($)
600 000
y
500 000 400 000 300 000 200 000 100 000 0
x 20 40 60 80 100 Distance from city (km)
y
9
80 60 40 20 x 0
Time spent on hobbies
4 2 x 20
30
40 Age
50
60
6 5 4 x 1
2
3
4
5
6
Hours of TV watched
6
10
7
0
8
0
8
3
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 25 50 75 10 0 12 5 17 5 0 0 2 Daily steps
y
10
y
10
Hours of sleep
Phone battery (%)
100
70
7
8
y Fuel in tank (L)
500 400 300 200 100 0
x
Exam score (%)
y
40 30 20 10
x 100 200 300 400 500 Distance driven (km)
y
1000
80 60 40 20 x 0
50
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Age of tree (years)
100
y
60
Weekly income
Number of apples
600
2
4 6 8 Hours of revision
10
800 600 400 200 0
x 5
6
7
8 9 10 Shoe size
11
12
Wait time (minutes)
25
y
20 15 10 5 0
x 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Number of customers
Time spent reading (hours/week)
60 000 40 000 20 000 0
x 8
y
14 12 10 8 6 4 2
x 0
10 12 14 16 18 20 Years of education
y
1200
20 5 10 15 Time spent watching TV (hours/week)
y 70
1000 800 600 400 200
x 0
2
4 6 Time
8
10
Vertical jump (cm)
Population of bacteria
80 000
60 50 40 30 x
20 20
30
40
50
Height (cm)
140 Ice creams sold
Average annual income ($)
y
100 000
y
120 100 80 60 40 20 15.0
x 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 Maximum temperature (°C)
60
70
Battery life (hours)
20.0 17.5 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5
y
x
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Age of phone (months)
y
Annual insurance ($)
3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
x 0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Years with licence
y
Homework completion (%)
400 300 200 100
x
0 15
20 25 30 35 Time on video games (hours/day)
40
Long jump distance (m)
y
x Height (cm)
12
14
11
9 8 7
12 Hours of practice
Shoe size
10
10 8 6 4
6
2
5 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 Height (cm)
0
2 4 6 8 10 Number of errors made
20.0 17.5 15.0
y-axis
12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 2
4
6
8
x-axis Line A
Line B
Line C
10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
x
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
x
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
y
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y
25 20 15 10 5
x 0
25
2
4
6
y
8
10
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
y
x 0
2
4
6
8
10
x 0
2
4
6
8
10
y
25
y
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
x 0
2
4
6
8
x 0
10
2
4
6
8
10
y
20.0 17.5 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5
x
0
20.0
2
4
6
y
8
10
20.0
17.5
17.5
15.0
15.0
12.5
12.5
10.0
10.0
7.5
7.5
5.0
5.0
2.5 0
x 2
4
6
8
10
y
2.5 0
x 2
4
6
8
10
20.0
y
20.0
17.5
17.5
15.0
15.0
12.5
12.5
10.0
10.0
7.5
7.5
5.0
5.0
2.5 0
x 2
4
6
8
y
2.5
10
x
0
2
4
6
8
Test results vs. Study hours
Test result (%)
100 80 60 40 20 0
2
4 6 8 Study hours
10
350
Jacket sales
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2.5
5.0
12.5 7.5 10.0 Number of hot days
15.0
17.5
20.0
10
25
y
20 15 10 5 x
0 2
4
6
8
10
List 1
List 2
GRAPH CALC
TEST
List 3
List 4
SUB 1 2 3 4 INTR
DIST
Income earned ($)
5
$155.00
8
$230.00
10
$280.00
15
$385.00
20
$500.00
Income earned ($)
Hours worked
550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50
y
x 2 4
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Hours worked
25
y
17.5
20
15.0 12.5
15
10.0
10
7.5 5.0
5 x 0
25
2
4
6
8
10
y
20 15 10 5 0
y
20.5
y-intercept (c) 5 2
4
6
x 8
10
2.5
x 0
2
4
6
8
10
Fuel left (L) 60 50 40 30 20 10 Kilometres driven 0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
LinReg (ax + b) a = −12.45 b = 250.8 r2 = 0.89 r = −0.94
Vocabulary (words) 1000 800 600 400 200 0
1
Fuel consumption (L/100 km)
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
2
Engine size (L) 3 4
2
3
Age (years) 4 5
Fuel consumption (L/100 km)
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
2
Engine size (L) 3 4
25
y Active users (thousands)
20 15 10 5 0
Months since app launch x 2
4
6
8
10
Monthly cost ($)
70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Data used (GB)
3.5
4
4.5
5
Earnings ($)
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
1 unit run
Rise (m)
0
1
2 3 4 5 Hours worked
6
100
Final grade (%)
95 90
1 unit run
85 80
Fall (m)
75 70 0
2 4 6 Number of absences
8
35 Plant height (cm)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Meaningful y-intercept: Initial height of the plant 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Weeks
70 60 Weight
50 40 30 20 10
Meaningless y-intercept: A height of 0 is impossible
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Height
Test score (%)
100 80 S = 6.5h + 42
60 40 20 0
2
4 6 8 Hours of sleep
10
−1 Perfect negative linear correlation
0 No correlation
1 Perfect positive linear correlation
Positive association 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Negative association
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
No association
y
x 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Non-linear association
y
x 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
desmos 1
x1 1 2 3 4 5
y1 65 72 78 85 92
120 100 80 60 40 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
3
4
5
6
7
8
desmos 1
2
x1 1 2 3 4 5
y1 65 72 78 85 92
120 100 80
y1 mx1 + c Regression parameters m = 6.7 c = 58.3 Statistics Residuals 2 R = 0.9993 e1 plot r = 0.9997
60 40 1
2
2
y1 mx1 + c Regression parameters m = 6.7 c = 58.3 Statistics Residuals 2 R = 0.9993 e1 plot r = 0.9997
10 y
Strong positive association
8 6 4 2 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Moderate negative association 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Weak positive association 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
9 y 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Test scores
95 y 90 85 80 75 70 65 60
Test scores
0
x 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Study hours
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Study hours
95 y 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 0
x
Exam score
100 90 80 70 60 50 0
y
x 2
8 4 6 Hours studied
10
75
y
60 45 30 15
x
Data range
0 10
20
30
40
50
80
y
Extrapolation zone
75 60 45 30 15 0
x 10
20 30 40 50 60
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
y
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y
Population
24 000 22 000 20 000 18 000 16 000 14 000 12 000 10 000 8000 0
x 1980
1985
1990
1995
2000 Year
2005
2010
2015
2020
Number of shark attacks
8
y
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Monthly ice cream sales
Average lifespan
Study proves: Daily coffee drinkers live longer 100 90 80 70 60 0 Non-coffee drinkers Coffee drinkers
Shocking Link: Rise in organic food mirrors rise in Autism diagnoses! 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Autism (1000 children)
17
16
Organic food sales (in billions)
20
15
20
14
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
20
06
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
20
20
20
01
Year
Average IQ 115 110 105 100 Year 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Nobel Prize per 10 million people
Chocolate consumption vs. Nobel Prizes 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
y
x 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Chocolate consumption (kg per capita)
Nobel Prize per 10 million people
Luxury car sales vs. Nobel Prize 6
y
5 4 3 2 1 0
x 2000
4000
6000
8000
10 000 12 000 14 000 16 000
Luxury car sales (Units per year)
y 4 3 2 P 1
x 1
−4 −3 −2 −1 −1
2 3 4
−2 −3 −4
S
y 8 6 4 2 x 0
1
2
3
4
5
40 000
Resale value ($)
Productivity score 90
35 000 30 000
80
25 000 20 000
70 60
15 000
50
10 000 5000 0
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
2
4
Vehicle age (years) 6 8 10 12 14
40 Daily coffee intake (cups)
0
2
4
6
8
Plant height (cm)
Fitness level (1-10 score) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Time spent exercising (h/wk) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0
10
Days since planting 20 30 40 50
Ice cream sales ($) 300 200 100
0
15
Daily temperature (°C) 20 25 30 35
Ice cream sales ($)
Ice cream sales ($) 300
300
200
200
100
100 Daily temperature (°C)
Daily temperature (°C) 0
15
20
25
30
0
35
Ice cream sales ($)
15
300
200
200
100
100
20
25
30
35
Daily temperature (°C)
Daily temperature (°C) 15
25
Ice cream sales ($)
300
0
20
30
35
0
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Number of three-point shots
Number of goals scored
0
1
2
3
4
5
Stem
Leaf
6
23
7
249
8
3499
9
1 1 5
Key 8|3 = 83 Stem
Leaf
16
2
17
3 8
18
4 569
19
55
Key 16|2 = 162 Stem
Leaf
1
002 3 5 6 6 7 9
2
3 8
3
3 5 7
4
1 2 2 3
5
8 9
6
5
7
3 6
8
7
Key 5|2 = 5.2
England
India
1 0
3
1 2 4 7
6 6 5 5 5 5
4
0 2 9
7 3
5
2 5
6
4
Key 0|3 = 30
Key 3|1 = 31
Frequency
Test scores
26
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
42
43
44 45 46 Scores
Max temperature (°C)
24 22 20 18 16 0
3 2.75 2.5 2.25 2 1.75 1.5 1.25 0
Day M T W Th F Sa Su Price ($)
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
3
7 4 5 6 Shifts per week
8
Sets ordered smallest to largest Median Odd number of scores:
Even number of scores:
Median:
1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 9, 10, 15 1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 9, 10, 15
+ 2
1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 9, 10, 15
5
10
15 Score
20
25
Frequency
24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
67
68
69 70 Scores
71
72
Stem
Leaf
1
1 3
2
034
3
3467
4
0015
5
01
6
5
7
47
8
14
Key 1|2 = 12 units
5
10
15 Score
20
15
Frequency
Frequency
10
5
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
44
45
46 47 Score
10
5
0
3 4 5 6 Possible outcomes
3
4
5
Possible outcomes
Frequency
Frequency
15
0
25
48
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
2
3 4 5 6 Possible outcomes
5
10
15 Score
20
Stem
Leaf
2
25679
3
00568
4
0 1 389
Key 2|4 = 24 units
25
Frequency
24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
68
69
70 71 Scores
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Score
Score
15
15 Frequency
Frequency
72
10
5
0
5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Possible outcomes
10
5
0
5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Possible outcomes
Stem
Leaf
6
0236778
7
369
8
0567
9
2
Key 1|2 = 12 units
Stem
Leaf
2
0234667
3
1 5678
4
03467
5
008
Key 1|2 = 12 units
Leaf
Stem 2
49
3
1 1 19
4
37
5
166
6
226
7
48
8
377
9
5
Key 1|2 = 12 units
14
Frequency
12 10 8 6 4 2 0
0
1
2 3 4 5 Faulty chips (%)
6
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Sample
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Score
Salaries in ($1000’s)
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
Stem
Leaf
1
2
2
7 7 99
3
1 3 3 3 3 5 8
4
44 5
Temperature in a town
Key 1|2 = 12
21
23
0
1
25
27
2
3
4
29
31
5
6
33
7
Three-pointers
8
35
9 10
Stem
Leaf
3
449
4
6689
5
14
6 7 8
4 Key 3|4 = 34
Glass thickness (mm)
10.5
10.7
10.9
11.1
11.3
35
Position (%)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
60
70
80
90 100 Weight (kg)
10
110
11
12
120
13
14 Age
15
16
17
18
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 Number of goals scored
0
1
2 3 4 Pets owned
5
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Names remembered
10 11 14 15 17 18 19 Names remembered
2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Number of coffees sold
Puzzle completion times 12
Frequency
10 8 6 4 2 0 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12 13 14 15 16 Time (minutes)
17
18 19 20 21 22
5
10
15 20 25 30 Score
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Score
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 Score
30
30
25
25 Frequency
Frequency
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 Score
20 15 10
30 40 50 60 70 Mark
10
0
80
30
30
25
25 Frequency
Frequency
15
5
5
0
20
20 15 10
20 15 10 5
5
0
30 40 50 60 70 Mark
40 50 60 70 Mark
80 90
0
30 40 50 60 70 Mark
80 90
Frequency
Frequency
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
18
19 20 21 22 23 24 Score
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
2
3
4 Score
5
6
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Number of correct answers
Stem
Leaf
1
2 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 9
2
1 2 4 4
3
0 2 99
4 5
5
Key 1|2 = 12
Stem
Leaf
16
0 34 4 6 7 8
17
1 22 3 55 5 6
18
4 468
19
0 1 3 6
Key 16|0 = 160
Class A
65
70
Class B
75
Test scores (%)
80
55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Test scores (%)
Q1
Q3
2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 16, 18, 22, 39 Minimum Q1 = 5
Median
Maximum Q3 = 17
1
3
4
7
11
12
14
19
12
14
19
14
19
Median 1
3
4
Q1 1
3
7
11
Q3
Median 4
7
11
12
Q1 8
8
10
Q1 12
13
14
Q3
Median 11
13
14
Median 19
19
18
22 25
Q3
21 22 22 28 30
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
4
5
1
2
6
3
7
4
8
5
9
6
7
10
11
12
13
14
8
9
10
11
12
Sit-ups
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Age of customers
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
15
13
16
14
15
17
18
19
16
17
18
Stem 6
Frequency
Frequency
26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
7
8
9 Mark
10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0
1
2 3 Pets
Leaf 27
7
1 2 2 4 7 9
8
0 1 2 5 7
9
0 1
Key 6|2 = 62
Frequency
Fishing trips 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
20
21
22
23 24 25 26 Number of fish caught
27
28
4
5
6 Frequency
5 4 3 2 1
Frequency
0
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
20 30 40 50 60 Scores
1-5
6-10 11-15 16-20 Scores
Frequency
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
100
110
120
130 140 Speed (km/h)
150
160
170
International
Local
9 9 9
6
8
8 5 5 5 3 0
7
5 6 6 9 9
8 4 3 2 1 0
8
2 2 6 6
5 3 20
9
0 0 1 45 6 8
5
10
0 3 5
Key 9|6 = $69
Key 6|8 = $68
Deciles
Percentiles
Quartiles
12
Median
15 16
16 18
19 19
22 24
25 25
25 26
27 29
33 35
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
38 42 44 D9
Percentiles 98th 90th 75th 50th 25th 10th 5th
cm 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120
10
11
12
13 14 15 16 Age (years)
17
18
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Days
Percentiles 98th 90th 75th 50th 25th 10th 5th
cm 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120
10
11
12
13 14 15 16 Age (years)
17
18
29
30
31
32
33
Leaf
Stem 1
026
2
68
3
0
4
556
5
66
6
0
7
7
8
9
9
2
Key 1|0 = 10 units
Frequency
20 15 10 5 0
60
61
62 63 Scores
65
Q1
Min 25%
25% 50%
Q3
Median 25%
Max 25% 50%
Minimum and outlier
First quartile Q1 25%
Median Q2
25%
Third quartile Q3 25%
Interquartile range
Maximum
25%
Data
0
10
20
30
40
50
Minimum value
60
Maximum value
Median First quartile
0
10
20
30
40
50
Third quartile
60
70
80
90
100
Score
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Score
0
5
10
Battery life (hours)
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Pocket money ($)
0
5
10
15
20 25 30 35 40 45 50
15
20
Age
15
20
25
30
35
Seconds
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Class 9P
0
2
4
6
8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Class 9Q
0
2
4
6
8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Angelina’s sales
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
50
60
70
Carl’s sales
0
10
20
30
40
Frequency
30 25 20 15 10 5
Frequency
Score
Score
Frequency Frequency
Frequency
Score
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
10
11
12
13
14
15 Score
16
17
18
19
20
10
11
12
13
14
15 Score
16
17
18
19
20
Frequency
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
10
11
12
13
14
15 Score
16
17
18
19
20
Frequency
Score
14 Frequency
12 10 8 6 4 2 0
0
1
2 3 4 5 Faulty chips (%)
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Score
Leaf
1
6 7 7
2
2 2 2 23 3 3
3
3 3 3 66 6 7 7 7 7 7
4
4 4 4 44 4
5
7 7
15 Frequency
Stem
10 5
Key 2|3 = 23 0
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Score
Frequency
15
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Score
10 5
0
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Score
Frequency
15 10 5
0
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Score
6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Sample
Frequency
0
Frequency
Frequency
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Score
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Score
Frequency 20 15 10 5 Score
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Score
0
Frequency 30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5 1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3
4
5
6
Score 7
Frequency
30
0
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
3
4
5
6
Score 7
0
1
2
Frequency
Frequency
15 10 5
0
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Score
6 4
Frequency
Frequency
5 3 2 1 0
20
6 7
30 40 50 Scores
60
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Sample
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Score
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
20
40
60 80 Score
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 Number of goals scored Frequency
Frequency 30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Score 7 8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Score 7
2 4
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Score
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 Sample
Leaf
Stem 0
2
1 2 3
0 3 6 6
4
1 4 5 6 6 7
5
0 4 6 7 9
6
0
Key 2|3 = 23
Stem
Leaf
4
36 8
5
1 2 2 6 7 7 8
6
002
7
3 3 4 59
8
1 1 1 4 6 889
9
02 5 6
10
1 2 3 55 6 7 8
11
04 5 7
Key 5|2 = 52
Frequency
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Sample
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Score
Reaction time (s)
Frequency
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Score
20
Frequency
0.6
15 10 5 0
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Score
1.8
Frequency
Test scores 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
3
4
5
6 7 Score
8
9
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Score
Stem
Leaf
1
01 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 8 8 8
2
1 7
3
4 5 5
4
0
5
4 Key 1|2 = 12 years old
Leaf
1
036
2
1678
3
556
4
11569
5
0368
Key 2|1 = 21
Frequency
Stem
5 4 3 2 1 0
10
20 30 40 Age (years)
50
The highlighted column shows there are 5 values but does retain the actual values like the stem plot does
21
163
10.5
stem leaf
stem leaf
stem leaf
Stem
Leaf
1
0 36
2
1678
3
556
4
11569
Score of 10
Score of 56
0 3 6 8 All of these are in the 40s Key 2|1 = 21 5
Stem
Leaf
0
34
0
68
1
1 1 1 2
1
5567
2 2
5568
3
0233334
3 4
4
Key 3|5 = 35 minutes
Stem
Leaf
5
0
6
27
7
1 334789
8
01222568
9
0124559
Key 7|1 = 71 points
Stem
Leaf
0
34
0
68
1
1 1 1 2
1
5567
2 2
5568
3
0233334
3 4
4
Key 3|5 = 35 minutes
Stem
Leaf
1
5599
2
1 4488
3
026
Key 2|4 = 24 customers
Stem
Leaf
0
68
1
159
2
1449
Key 1|5 = 1.5 kg
Leaf
Stem 10
448
11
5599
12
1488
13
225
Key 12|4 = 124 dollars
Stem
Leaf
1
589
2
01 2 2 5 6 8 9
3
01 3 5 5 5 8
4
02
Key 2|5 = 25 minutes
Stem
Leaf
3
0135558
4
02
Key 3|1 = 31 minutes
Frequency
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Price
75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 Weight
Percentage
Frequency
Frequency
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Score
Frequency
Percentage
Score
75 80 85 90 95 100105 110 Weight
12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Score
30 Frequency
25 20 15 10 5 0
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 Age
10
Count
8 6 4 2 0
150 160 170 180 190 200 Height (cm)
Stem
Leaf
0
589
1
22568
2
14444579
3
001 5689
4
02
Key 1|2 = 12 dollars
Stem
Leaf
6
233667
7
01 1 1 1 458
8
1 12345678999
9
4579 Key 1|2 = 12
Stem
Leaf
Leaf
Stem 1
5
58
2
6
13559
3
7
02458
4
8
8
5
023558
9
6
014
10
Key 5|0 = 50
5
11
Key 6|1 = 61 Stem
Leaf
Stem
Leaf
0
2
0
344567
1
45688
1
8
2
0135
Key 0|4 = 0.40
Key 1|4 = 14
Stem
Leaf
Stem
Leaf
0
89
4
8
1
01124
5
1356689
6
0235
7
1
2 3
578
4
00125
Key 5|1 = 5.1
Key 1|0 = 10 Stem 6
Leaf 5
7 8
89
9
012256888
10
13
Key 9|0 = 90 grams
Stem
Leaf
0
8
1
334559
2
2577
3
5588
4
0 1 1 22466
5
1 2689
6
02449
7
1 89
8
0457 Key 4|6 = 4.6
Stem
Leaf
2
35
3
12248
4 5
125
6 7 8
9
Key 3|1 = 31 coffees
Stem
Leaf
1
1237
2
347779
3
279
4
0 1 1 5 6
5
26 Key 1|2 = 12
30
Frequency
25 20 15 10 5 0
1
2
3 4 Score
5
Frequency
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Hours in the sun
Frequency
Frequency
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
20 15 10 5 0
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Score
120
130
140
150
160
170 Price
180
5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Age
190
200
210
220
Frequency
130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
120
130
140
150
160
170 180 Minutes
190
200
210
220
Pulse rate before excercise
Pulse rate after excercise
9
5
88540
6
987766
7
430
8
226
55
9
0 1 3 3 5 9
0
10
47
11
378
12
015
13 14 Key 5|9 = 95
5 Key 5|9 = 59
International
Local 0467
6
07
35667
7
0034
24457
8
0566
14679
9
1 1 3 4 6
4
10
14456
Key 7|6 = 67
Key 7|0 = 70
A
B
C
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Class B
Class A
40
50
60
70 Scores
80
90
100
Actual and perceived number of immigrants Estimated and acutal share of immigrants in total population Actual
Sw
ed
en
y an m
rla he et N
Country
G er
nd
s
n ai Sp
ce
ly Ita
UK
an Fr
Po
rtu
ga
l
A
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 US
Percentage
Perceived
Amount sold
26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Pens Notebooks
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Day of week
Population pyramid Male
Female
Age 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
Percentage (%)
10
15
20
25
Texas vs California unemployment rates Distribution of monthly unemployment rates for Texas and Califronia, December 1982, through December, 2012
13 12 Unemployment rates 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 150
100
75
50
Texas California
25
0
25
50
75
100
150
Total number of months
Group A
Group B 5
0 1 1 2 3
76530
6
0023
22210
7
0
Key 1|8 = 81
Key 8|3 = 83
Sharon
Tricia 3
1
34
76432
2
678
98
3
24
43
4
12
76
5
678
Key 2|2 = 22
Key 2|6 = 26
A
B 52
3
23579
985421
4
26
82
5
36
6
4
Key 6|1 = 16
Key 1|2 = 12
Average sunshine hours per day 12
Hours per day
10 8 6 4 2 0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Month Melbourne
Perth
Sydney
Oct
Nov
Dec
Blood type comparison 60%
Proportion
50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
O+
A+
B+
AB
O-
A-
Blood type Australia
Egypt
World
B-
AB-
Number of individuals
Number of individuals
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Grades in a university course (Section 1, N = 104)
72
76
80 Section 1
84
88
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Grades in a university course (Section 2, N = 104)
70
75
80 85 Section 2
90
Zing
Tech A
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15 Hours
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
FastBites
QuickEats
10
20
30
40 Minutes
50
60
70
Leaf
Stem 5
0
6
2 7
7
1 33 4 7 8 9
8
0 1 2 2 2 5 6 8
9
0 1 2 4 5 5 9
Key 7|1 = 71 points
Stem
Leaf
16
2
17
3 8
18
4 569
19
55
20
21
Key 16|2 = 162
10
12
14
16 18 Sample
20 22 24
22 23 24 25
Leaf
Stem 1
1
2
8899
3
2334459
4
557
Key 1|1 = 11
0
1
2
3 4 5 6 7 Three-pointers
8 9 10
Score
0
2
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
Score
10
15
20
25
30
Jordan’s daily book sales
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
70
Taylor’s daily book sales
0
10
20
30
40
50
Stem
Stem
Leaf
Leaf
1
6 7
5
3 4
2
2 3 3 4
6
1 3 3 3
3
3 3 4 46 6
7
3 3 4 46 6 7 89
4
1 2 2 34 4 7 7 8999
8
1 2 2 3
5
1 5 5 67 7 8889
9
44
Key 6|3 = 63
30
30
25
25 Frequency
Frequency
Key 2|3 = 23
20 15 10
20 15 10 5
5
0
30 40 50 60 70 Mark
0
80 90
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Age of customers
3
Frequency
30 40 50 60 70 Mark
4 5 6 7 Shifts per week
80
8
Frequency 20
15
15 10 10 5
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Score 6 7
Score 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Population pyramid Male
Female
Age 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Percentage (%)
Manufacturer X
Manufacturer Y
0
100
200
300
400
500
Hundreds of hours
600
700
800
430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 House prices ($’000s)
Stem 1 2 3 8
Leaf 1 2459 1 2333 0 8
Key 1|1 = 11 runs
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Packing machine A
17
18
19
20
21
Compound interest calculator Calculate:
Total P + I (A)
Where:
A = P (1 + i)
Principal ($)
n
10 000.00
Rate (%)
3.875
Compound (n)
Annually
Time (years)
7.5
Clear Answer:
Calculate
Compound interest calculator Calculate:
Total P + I (A)
Where:
A = P (1 + i)
Principal ($) Rate (%)
n
7500.00 5
Compound (n)
Annually
Time (years)
8
Clear Answer:
Calculate
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A
B
C
D
Period
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$1000.00
$50.00
$1050.00
3
2
$1050.00
= B3 *0.05
4
3
5
4
6
5
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$2500.00
$100.00
$2600.00
3
2
$2600.00
$104.00
$2704.00
4
3
$2704.00
$108.16
$2812.16
5
4
$2812.16
$112.49
$2924.65
6
5
$2924.65
$116.99
$3041.63
7
6
$3041.63
$121.67
$3163.30
8
7
$3163.30
$126.53
$3289.83
9
8
$3289.83
$131.59
$3421.42
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$8000.00
$60.00
$8060.00
3
2
$8060.00
$60.45
$8120.45
4
3
$8120.45
$60.90
$8181.35
5
4
$8181.35
$61.36
$8242.71
6
5
$8242.71
$61.82
$8304.53
7
6
$8304.53
$62.28
$8366.82
8
7
$8366.82
$62.75
$8429.57
9
8
$8429.57
$63.22
$8492.79
10
9
$8492.79
$63.70
$8556.49
11
10
$8556.49
$64.17
$8620.66
12
11
$8620.66
$64.65
$8685.31
13
12
$8635.31
$65.14
$8750.45
14
13
$8750.45
$65.63
$8816.08
15
14
$8816.08
$66.12
$8882.20
16
15
$8882.20
$66.62
$8948.82
17
16
$8948.82
$67.12
$9015.94
18
17
$9015.94
$67.62
$9083.56
19
18
$9083.56
$68.13
$9151.68
20
19
$9151.68
$68.64
$9220.32
21
20
$9220.32
$69.15
$9289.47
22
21
$9289.47
$69.67
$9359.14
23
22
$9359.14
$70.19
$9429.34
24
23
$9429.34
$70.72
$9500.06
25
24
$9500.06
$71.25
$9571.31
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$2500.00
$100.00
$2600.00
3
2
$2600.00
$104.00
$2704.00
4
3
$2704.00
$108.16
$2812.16
5
4
$2812.16
$112.49
$2924.65
6
5
$2924.65
$116.99
$3041.63
7
6
$3041.63
$121.67
$3163.30
8
7
$3163.30
$126.53
$3289.83
9
8
$3289.83
$131.59
$3421.42
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$4000.00
$160.00
$4160.00
3
2
$4160.00
$166.40
$4326.40
4
3
$4326.40
$173.06
$4499.46
5
4
$4499.46
$179.98
$4679.44
6
5
$4679.44
$187.18
$4866.61
7
6
$4866.61
$194.66
$5061.28
8
7
$5061.28
$202.45
$5263.73
9
8
$5263.73
$210.55
$5474.28
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$2000.00
3
2
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$10 000.00
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
5
7
6
8
7
9
8
10
9
11
10
$670.05
$16 288.95
A
B
C
D
1
Year
Starting balance
Interest earned
Ending balance
2
1
$3000.00
$120.00
$3120.00
3
2
$3000.00
$120.00
$3120.00
4
3
$3000.00
$120.00
$3120.00
5
4
$3000.00
$120.00
$3120.00
2800
FV ($)
2700 2600 2500 2400 2300 2200 2100 2000 0
1
2
3
4
Years 5
Future value ($) 7500 7000 6500 6000 Years 0
1
2
3
4
Opening balance
Add interest
Subtract repayment
Closing balance
TVM Solver N= I % = 7.5 PV = 15 000 PMT = −2000 FV = 0 P/Y = 1 C/Y = 1
×
Solve for N Solve for I % Solve for PV Solve for PMT
+/−
Solve for F V Clear
TVM Solver N= 7 I % = 5.9 PV = 25 000 PMT = FV = 0 P/Y = 1 C/Y = 1
×
Solve for N Solve for I % Solve for PV Solve for PMT
+/−
Solve for F V Clear
Reducing balance loans A 1 2 3 4 5
Principal Annual interest rate Repayment amount Compounding frequency Periodic interest rate
B $10 000 0.08 $500 12 0.00667
C
D
E
Reducing balance loans A 1 2 3 4 5
Principal Annual interest rate Repayment amount Compounding frequency Periodic interest rate
B
C
D
E
Interest charged
Repayment
Closing balance
D
E
$10 000 0.08 $500 12 0.00667
6 7
Period
Opening balance
Reducing balance loans A 1 2 3 4 5
Principal Annual interest rate Repayment amount Compounding frequency Periodic interest rate
B
C
$10 000 0.08 $500 12 0.00667
6 7
Period
8
1
Opening balance $10 000
Interest charged $67
Repayment $500
Closing balance $9566.67
Reducing balance loans A 1 2 3 4 5
Principal Annual interest rate Repayment amount Compounding frequency Periodic interest rate
B
C
D
E
$10 000 0.08 $500 12 0.00667
6
1
Opening balance $10 000
Interest charged $67
2
$9566.67
$63.78
7
Period
8 9
$500
Closing balance $9566.67
$500
$9130.44
Repayment
Reducing balance loans A 1 2 3 4 5
Principal Annual interest rate Repayment amount Compounding frequency Periodic interest rate
B
C
D
E
Interest charged
Repayment
Closing balance
$50 000 0.06 $800 12 0.005
6 7
Period
8
1
Opening balance
Reducing balance loans A 1 2 3 4 5
Principal Annual interest rate Repayment amount Compounding frequency Periodic interest rate
6
B
C
0.06 $250 1 0.06
1
Interest charged $300
9
2
$5050
10
3
$5103
Period
8
E
$5000
Opening balance $5000
7
D
$250
Closing balance $5050
$303
$250
$5103
$0
$250
$4853
Repayment
Compound interest calculator Calculate:
Total P + I (A)
Formula:
A = P (1 + i)
Principal ($):
8000.00
Rate (%):
3.5
Compound (n):
Annually
Time (years):
10
Clear
n
Calculate
100 000
Loan balance ($)
80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000 Time (Years) 0 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
B A
A
C
B B
D
G F A
120° 60°
Q 300° P
X
A AXY
B
Y
5 cm
7 cm
6 cm
8 cm
7 cm 5 cm
H H T H T T
R G
R
B Y R G
B
B Y R G
G
B Y R G
Y
B Y
Toast
R 1 2 1 2 B
25 51 26 51 26 51 25 51
R
B
7 10
4 10
3 10
6 10
R Cereal
B
6 10
4 10
Tea
Milo Tea
Milo
Red Red
Red Black Red
Black
Black
Red
Red Black Red
Black Black
H H T
H T T
H
HHH
T
HHT
H
HTH
T H
HTT THH
T
THT
H
TTH
T
TTT
Black
R
3 6
R
3 6
4 6
2 6
B
R
3 6 B 3 6
B
W 0.8
2 6
R
4 6
B
2 6
R
4 6
B
2 6
R
4 6
B
2 6
R
4 6
B
0.9
W
0.1
L
W 0.2 L
0.7
0.3
W 0.4
0.6 0.4
0.6 0.4
W L W L
L 0.6 L
Rain Rain
0.7
0.9
W L
RR In tree
0.3 0.6
0.1
In tree
RN No rain Rain
0.4 0.4 No rain
0.8 0.2
0.8 NR 0.8
NN No rain
TG On ground In tree
0.2
0.6
On ground
0.2
TT
GT
GG On ground
Defective Defective
0.9
0.1 0.9
0.1
0.1 Not defective
0.9
Defective
0.1
0.9
Not defective
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.9
0.1 Not defective
0.9
Defective
DDD
Not defective
DDN
Defective
DND
Not defective
DNN
Defective
NDD
Not defective
NDN
Defective
NND
Not defective
NNN
Red
Blue Green
Blue
Red Green Red
Green
Blue
O O
E
O E
O E O
O E O
E E
E
OOO OOE OEO OEE EOO EOE EEO EEE
y 10 8 6 4 2 −10 −8 −6 −4 −2 −2
x 2 4 6 8 10
−4 −6 −8 −10
K
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
P B
−9
−8
−7
I
−6
F
−5
−4
−3
−2
D E J
Q
−1
−1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7 −8 −9
y N G
O T
A 1
S
x 2
3
4 M
5
6
7
8
R C
H L
9
5
y
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1
y
1
x 1
−1
2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−1
x 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
−2
−3
−3
−4
−4
−5
−5
y
y 4
4
3
3
2
2 1
1 x −4 −3 −2 −1
1
−1
2
3
4
−9 −8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 −1
−2
−2
−3
−3
−4
−4
5
1 −4 −3 −2 −1
3
−3
1
−2 −3 −4 −5
−1 −2
2
−1
x 1
y
y
4
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1
8
x 1
2 3 4 5
−4 −5 −6 −7 −8 −9
x 1
2
3
4
y
y
10
4
8
3
6
2
4
1 −4 −3 −2 −1
2
x 1
2
3
4
A x 2 4 6 8 10
−10 −8 −6 −4 −2 −2 2 B −4
−1 −2
C
−6
−3
−8
−4
−10
y 5 4
y
3
6
2
5
1 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 −1
4
x 1
2 3 4 5
3
−2
2
−3
1
−4 −5
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1
−1
−2 −3
x 1
2 3 4 5
6 5 4 3 2 1 −1 y 5 4 3 2 1 −2
−1
y
x
−1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7 −8 −9
1
2
1
2 3 4 5
1
2 3 4 5
x 1
−1
2
−2 y
−3
5
−4
4
−5
3 2
y 5
1
4
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1
3 2
−1
−1
−1
−2
1 −2
x
x 1
2
−3 −4 −5
−2 −3 −4 −5 y 5 4 3 2 1 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1
−1
−2 −3 −4 −5
x
Fish population (F )
100
5000
Battery (%)
90 80
4800
70 60
4600
50 4400
40 30
4200
20
0
1
2
3
10
Years (t) 4
0
Altitude (m)
5
Minutes (x) 15
10
V
1300
25
1200
20
1100
15 10
1000
0
1
Hours (x) 3
2
5 t 0
Energy (kWh)
2
4
6
8
10
y 400 25 300 20 200 15 100
10 Wind speed (m/s) 0
5
10
15
20
5 x 0
1
2
3
4
Distance (km) 240
Cost ($) 25
180
20 120 15 60
10
Time (h)
5
0
1
2
3
4
Hours (n) 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Volume (L) 50 40 30 20 10 Time (min) 0
360
2
4
6
8
10
12
y
20 18 16 14 12
C
10 8
320
6
280
4 2
240 200
x 0
160 120 80 40
m 0
5
10
15 20 25 30 35 40
2
4
6
8
10
12
Height 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8
64 y 56 48 40 32 24 16 8 x 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
y
18 16 14 12 10
Time 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2022
Height (cm)
165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15
0
8
2
4
6
8
Age 10 12 14 16
6 4 2
x
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Voltage ( y) 50 40 30 20 10 Current ( x) 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
75 Hop length (cm) 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
2
4
6
8
Carrots 10 12 14 16
Visits
18
18
16
16
14
14
12
12
10
10
8
8
6
6
4
4
2
Apples
2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
Rainfall (mm) 0
Exam mark 8
5
10
15
20
25
Volume
7 6 5 4 3 2 0
10
20
30
40
Books 50
1 0
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
Number of accidents
Time spent
Checks 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Pressure 600
1200
1800
100
Test score (%)
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
Hours studied 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5 5.5
Test results vs. Study hours
Test result (%)
100 80 60 40 20 0
2
4 6 Study hours
8
10
350 300
Jacket sales
250 200 150 100 50 0 2.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
15.0
Number of hot days
25
y
20 15 10 5 x
0 2
4
6
8
10
17.5
20.0
700 Number of beach visitors
600 500 400 300 200 100 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
40
50
60
Weekly rainfall (mm) 700 Number of beach visitors
600 500 400 300 200 100 0
10
20
30
Weekly rainfall (mm)
Total cost ($) (y) 120 100 80 60 40 20 Number of months (x) 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
y 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
x
0 1 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
y
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
y 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 E 2 1 −5 −4 −3 3− −2 2− −11 −11 − −2 2 F −3 −4 −5
y
1 D
x
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1
1
2 3
4
3
4
3
4
x 1
2 3 4 5 y 16
G
12 8 4 x 1
−3 −2 −1
2
−4 −8 y 4 3 2 1 −10 −8 −6 −4 −2 −1 −2 −3 −4
x 2
4
6
y 16 12 8 4 −4 −3 −2 −1 −4 −8 − 12 −16
x 1
2
550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50
Cost ($) 20 15 10
0
5
550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50
0
1
2
3
Distance (km) 4 5
Sleep (hours) 8
0
6 4 2
0
1
2
3
4
Screen time (hours) 5 6 7 8 9
Units sold
Price ($) 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 Units sold
Price ($) 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
36
F
32 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 t −2
2
4
6
8
10
12
Number of stands
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2
Age (years) 0
55
65
75
85
X
X X
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Number of coffees sold
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Number of coffees sold
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Number of coffees sold
15
25
35
45
55
65
75
15
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
0
0
10
10
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
20
30
40
14 0 14 5 15 0 15 5 16 0 16 5 17 0 17 5 18 0 18 5 19 0
Weight (g)
Novel genres
Frequency
20 15 10 5 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Price
Stem
Leaf
1
69
2
25589
3
03337
4
1 18
Key 2|5 = 25 minutes
French
Music 9
5
19
642
6
19
6 3 1
7
149
9732
8
466
9
9
34
Key 2|1 = 21
Key 2|3 = 23
5
10
15
Stem
20
Leaf
1
6 9
2
2 5 5 8 9
3
0 3 3 3 7
4
1 1 8
Key 2|5 = 25 minutes
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
25
30
35
40
45
430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 House prices ($’000s)
FV ($) 3400 3200 3000 2800 2600 2400 2200 Years 0
1
2
3
Total owed ($) 9500 9000 8500 8000 7500 7000 6500 Years 0
1
2
3
4
FV ($) 17 000 Total owed ($)
16 000 11 000
15 000
10 000
14 000
9000
13 000
8000
12 000
7000
11 000 Years 0
1
2
6000 5000 Years 0
3
6
9
12