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Elizabeth Schulze MUSIC DIRECTOR & CONDUCTOR

With passion, verve and illuminating musicianship, Elizabeth Schulze has been conducting orchestras and opera companies, advocating for music education, and electrifying audiences in the States and abroad for more than two and a half decades.

Recipient of the 2013 Sorel Medallion in Conducting for her adventurous programming, Schulze is in her 23rd season as the Music Director and Conductor of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra and is the newly appointed Music Director and Conductor of the Anchorage Symphony Orchestra in Alaska.

Schulze made her European debut, leading the Mainz Chamber Orchestra in the Atlantisches Festival in Kaiserslautern, Germany. She appeared in Paris as the assistant guest conductor for the Paris Opera and has also appeared in London, Frankfurt, Amsterdam and Vienna with the National Symphony during its 1997 European tour. Her most recent international work includes conducting in Hong Kong, Jerusalem and Taipei.

Schulze’s recent guest conducting in the States includes appearances with the Buualo Philharmonic and the New Jersey, Detroit, San Francisco and Chautauqua Symphonies. Her positions with U.S. orchestras include an appointment as Associate Conductor of the National Symphony Orchestra, Music Director and Conductor of the Flagstaa, Waterloo/Cedar Falls, and Kenosha Symphony Orchestras, Principal Guest Conductor of the Hudson Valley Philharmonic, Cover Conductor and Conducting Assistant for the New York Philharmonic, and Assistant Conductor of the Buualo Philharmonic, an appointment sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

music education. Her far-ranging work included a long association with the National Symphony Orchestra’s Summer Music Institute (SMI). For more than 15 years Schulze conducted, taught and mentored dozens of young musicians at SMI at the Kennedy Center. She has also conducted the American Composer’s Orchestra in LinkUp educational and family concerts in Carnegie Hall and throughout New York City. And for six years, Schulze joined her mentor Leonard Slatkin, teaching at the NSO’s National Conducting Institute.

Her music education and mentoring work spans the Elementary School to the University. She was an artist-in-residence at Northwestern University and has guest conducted the orchestras of The University of Maryland, the Manhattan School of Music and Catholic University of America. She has also guest lectured at the Juilliard School and the Curtis Institute of Music.

Schulze’s own education includes training in Europe and in the States. She graduated cum laude from Bryn Mawr College and was an honors student at the Interlochen Arts Academy. She holds graduate degrees in orchestral and choral conducting from SUNY at Stony Brook. She was the rst doctoral fellow in orchestral conducting at Northwestern University and was selected as a conducting fellow at L’École d’Arts Americaines in France. She was the recipient of the rst Aspen Music School Conducting Award. At Aspen, she worked with Murry Sidlin, Lawrence Foster and Sergiu Commissiona. As a Tanglewood fellow, she worked with Seiji Ozawa, Gustav Meier and Leonard Bernstein.

Since the beginning of her career, Schulze has been a spirited advocate for

4 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

Elizabeth Schulze MUSIC DIRECTOR & CONDUCTOR

Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 5

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The Maryland Symphony Orchestra is funded by an operating grant from the Maryland State Arts Council, an agency dedicated to cultivating a vibrant cultural community where the arts thrive.

Funding for the Maryland State Arts Council is also provided by the National Endowment for the Arts, a federal agency, which believes that a great nation deserves great art.

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STRAVINSKY’S

STRAVINSKY’S “THE SOLDIER’S TALE” THE MARYLAND THEATRE Saturday Sunday

February 11, 2023 February 12, 2023

7:30 PM (in-person) 3:00 PM (in-person and virtual)

Elizabeth Schulze Conductor Greg Watkins Narrator Gideon Hall The Soldier Robert Aubry Davis The Devil Carter Waters The Princess MAURICE RAVEL

Kylee Sherbert Choreographer Danielle Horochowski Director, City Ballet School David Ryan Production Consultant, BISFA

Le Tombeau de Couperin: Suite for Orchestra I. Prélude II. Forlane

III. Menuet IV. Rigaudon

INTERMISSION IGOR STRAVINSKY

L'Histoire du soldat (The Soldier's Tale) PART 1

The Soldier's March Airs by a Stream Pastorale Airs by a Stream (Reprise)

PART 2

The Soldier’s March The Royal March The Little Concert Three Dances: Tango, Waltz, Ragtime The Devil's Dance Short Chorale The Devil’s Song Grand Chorale Triumphal March of the Devil

This concert is sponsored through the continued generosity of an alliance of Medical Professionals in Washington County including Dr. & Mrs. Hugh Talton, Drs. Schiro & Rumbarger, Dr. & Mrs. David Solberg, Dr. & Mrs. Frederic Kass, Drs. Waldman & Money, Dr. & Mrs. William Su, Dr. & Mrs. Jay Greenberg, Dr. & Mrs. Robert Cirincione, Dr. & Mrs. George Manger Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 13

PROGRAM PROGRAMNOTES NOTES active active with with thethe Société Société Nationale Nationale de de Musique, Musique, having having composed composed several several works works thatthat areare stillstill heard heard today. today.

As As unseemly unseemly as as it might it might be,be, all all of the of the finalists finalists were were students students of the of the same same teacher, teacher, who who SUITE SUITE FOR FOR ORCHESTRA ORCHESTRA also also served served as as a judge. a judge.

In what In what waswas called called thethe Affaire Affaire Ravel, Ravel, thethe French French Maurice Maurice Ravel Ravel newspapers newspapers published published reports reports of these of these new new indiscretions indiscretions at the at the Conservatoire, Conservatoire, Born Born March March 7, 1875, 7, 1875, in Ciboure, in Ciboure, forcing forcing thethe resignation resignation of the of the director, director, Basses-Pyrénées, Basses-Pyrénées, France France andand placing placing composer composer Gabriel Gabriel Faure Faure at at France thethe Died Died December December 28,28, 1937, 1937, in Paris, in Paris, France school’s school’s helm. helm.

Ravel Ravel emerged emerged as as a a leading leading composer composer with with a promising a promising TheThe original original version version of this of this work work forfor solo solo career, career, butbut Europe’s Europe’s crumbling crumbling political political piano piano was was premiered premiered on on April April 11, 11, 1919, 1919, in in structures structures andand thethe carnage carnage of World of World WarWar I I Paris Paris by by Marguerite Marguerite Long.

Long.

TheThe present present would would disrupt disrupt hishis livelihood. livelihood. version version forfor orchestra orchestra was was first first heard heard on on February February 28,28, 1920, 1920, by by thethe Pasdeloup Pasdeloup During During thethe war,war, Ravel Ravel enlisted enlisted as as a supply a supply Orchestra, Orchestra, conducted conducted by by Rhené-Baton.

Rhené-Baton. truck truck driver. driver.

Always Always on on thethe front front lines, lines, he he It isItscored is scored forfor piccolo, piccolo, twotwo flutes, flutes, twotwo experienced experienced thethe horror horror of losing of losing several several oboes, oboes, English English horn, horn, twotwo clarinets, clarinets, twotwo friends friends to the to the hostilities. hostilities.

HisHis world world view view bassoons, bassoons, twotwo horns, horns, trumpet, trumpet, harp, harp, andand andand hishis music music were were forever forever changed changed by by strings. strings. thethe experience. experience.

Before Before thethe war,war, Ravel Ravel hadhad begun begun a piano a piano suite suite thatthat remained remained Maurice Maurice Ravel Ravel waswas born born thirteen thirteen years years unfinished. unfinished.

After After hishis discharge discharge (due (due to to after after Claude Claude Debussy Debussy but,but, despite despite ardent ardent hishis mother’s mother’s death) death) in 1917, in 1917, he he returned returned to to admiration admiration for for hishis elder elder colleague’s colleague’s thethe suite. suite.

HeHe hadhad originally originally conceived conceived music, music, followed followed hishis own own path. path.

HisHis thethe work work to honor to honor thethe golden golden ageage of of dealings dealings with with authority authority figures figures were were France France andand thethe music music of of never never pleasant, pleasant, as as Ravel Ravel worked worked at his at his seventeenth-century seventeenth-century keyboardist keyboardist andand own own pace, pace, notnot conforming conforming to deadlines to deadlines composer composer Louis Louis Couperin, Couperin, butbut now now thethe setset by by others. others.

Having Having entered entered thethe Paris Paris suite suite seemed seemed even even more more important important since since Conservatoire Conservatoire at age at age fourteen, fourteen, he he would would Europe Europe hadhad been been plunged plunged headlong headlong intointo be be dismissed dismissed from from thethe institution institution three three thethe twentieth twentieth century. century.

OldOld Europe Europe waswas times times before before ending ending hishis quest quest for for a a no no more. more. degree. degree.

Students Students were were required required to win to win thethe school’s school’s competitions competitions in order in order to gain to gain All All of these of these ideas ideas came came together together under under approval approval for for further further studies. studies.

First First as as a a thethe titletitle Le Le tombeau tombeau de de Couperin.

Couperin.

A A pianist, pianist, then then as as a composer, a composer, Ravel Ravel failed failed tombeau tombeau is aiswork a work designed designed to honor to honor to win. to win.

Then Then in 1905, in 1905, upon upon reaching reaching thethe someone someone after after death. death.

Ravel’s Ravel’s work work is ais a thirty thirty year year ageage limit limit for for competing, competing, he he waswas tribute tribute to Couperin, to Couperin, butbut even even more more so so thethe eliminated eliminated in the in the firstfirst round. round. concept concept of the of the earlier earlier ways ways of life of life in in France France – forever – forever lostlost to the to the ravages ravages of of

By By thisthis time time in his in his career, career, he he waswas already already war.war.

However, However, thethe composer composer went went oneone

LELETOMBEAU TOMBEAUDE DE COUPERIN: COUPERIN:

14 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

step step further further byby attaching attaching thethe name name of of a a fallen fallen friend friend to to each each movement. movement.

L’HISTOIRE L’HISTOIREDU DU SOLDAT SOLDAT

Ravel’s Ravel’s musical musical style style is influenced is influenced heavily heavily byby standard standard dance dance forms, forms, especially especially (THE (THE SOLDIER’S SOLDIER’S TALE) TALE) those those found found in the in the Baroque Baroque keyboard keyboard suites suites of of Rameau Rameau and and Couperin.

Couperin.

This This Igor Igor Stravinsky Stravinsky backward-looking backward-looking influence influence might might seem seem to to bebe at at odds odds with with Ravel’s Ravel’s progressive progressive Born Born June June 17, 17, 1882 1882 in Oranienbaum, in Oranienbaum, musical musical style, style, butbut thethe two two opposing opposing Russia Russia influences influences fit fit together together seamlessly. seamlessly.

Old Old and and new new areare honored honored side side byby side. side.

Died Died April April 6, 6, 1971 1971 in New in New York York Ravel Ravel orchestrated orchestrated thethe work work soon soon after after thethe piano piano version version was was completed, completed, dropping dropping thethe toccata toccata and and fugue fugue from from its its original original sixsix movements. movements.

The The four four remaining remaining pieces pieces provide provide thethe usual usual grace grace and and colorful colorful orchestration orchestration that that areare Ravel’s Ravel’s most most audible audible trademarks. trademarks.

Special Special attention attention should should bebe given given to to thethe oboe oboe in in thisthis work, work, as as it isit entrusted is entrusted with with extensive extensive solos solos throughout. throughout.

LeLe tombeau tombeau dede Couperin Couperin opens opens with with a graceful a graceful prelude, prelude, complete complete with with imitations imitations of of thethe unique unique ornamentation ornamentation used used byby Couperin.

Couperin.

AA tender tender forlane forlane (an(an Italian Italian dance dance with with dotted dotted rhythms) rhythms) follows, follows, giving giving way way to to a a stately stately menuet. menuet.

Quick Quick and and festive, festive, a brisk a brisk rigaudon rigaudon ends ends thethe work work with with a burst a burst of of orchestral orchestral color. color. ©2022 ©2022 Orpheus Orpheus Music Music Prose Prose & Craig & Craig Doolin Doolin www.orpheusnotes.com www.orpheusnotes.com

This This work work was was first first performed performed onon September September 28,28, 1918, 1918, in in Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Switzerland.

It is It scored is scored forfor clarinet, clarinet, bassoon, bassoon, cornet, cornet, trombone, trombone, percussion, percussion, violin, violin, and and bass. bass.

Igor Igor Stravinsky Stravinsky was was trained trained forfor a career a career as as a lawyer. a lawyer.

This This is apparent is apparent in the in the logic logic and and directness directness of of hishis numerous numerous writings writings onon aesthetics aesthetics (philosophy (philosophy of of art), art), in which in which hehe maintained maintained that that music music cannot cannot communicate communicate emotion, emotion, butbut exists exists solely solely to to establish establish order order among among sounds. sounds.

Stravinsky Stravinsky regarded regarded himself himself as as a a conservative conservative and and sought sought forfor clarity clarity and and simplicity simplicity above above all all else. else.

One One consequence consequence to to hishis devotion devotion to to tradition tradition hashas been been anan unparalleled unparalleled ferocity ferocity of of attack attack against against him him byby persons persons who who regarded regarded him him as as a savage a savage barbarian barbarian and and anan anarchist anarchist who who was was outout to to destroy destroy thethe very very foundations foundations of of music. music.

Stravinsky’s Stravinsky’s career career spanned spanned over over seventy seventy years years of of musical musical activity. activity.

In In that that time time hehe witnessed witnessed a number a number of of odd odd things. things.

HisHis early early works works seemed seemed to to observers observers to to have have approximated approximated a deliberate a deliberate poking poking into into a a hornet’s hornet’s nest. nest.

They They aroused aroused enraged enraged reactions. reactions.

Later, Later, when when hishis style style changed, changed, hishis early early works works were were revered revered as as

Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 15

PROGRAM PROGRAMNOTES NOTES PROGRAM NOTES masterpieces. masterpieces.One One contemporary contemporary masterpieces.

One contemporary biography biography described described hishis asas a “pioneer a “pioneer of of biography described his asreplaces areplaces “pioneer of a new a new musical musical style style which which lyric lyric acontemplation new musical and style which replaces lyric contemplation and sentiment sentiment byby irony irony contemplation and sentiment bymusic irony and and grotesque grotesque elements elements …”…”

HisHis music and grotesque elements …”

His music “combined “combined popular popular elements elements and and grim, grim, “combined popular elements and grim, unsentimental unsentimental irony irony with with a perfection a perfection of of unsentimental irony with a perfection of technical technical mastery.” mastery.” technical mastery.”

ByBy 1920 1920 Igor Igor Stravinsky Stravinsky had had already already By 1920 Igor Stravinsky had already exhausted exhausted two two compositional compositional idioms. idioms. exhausted two compositional idioms.

The The neo-nationalism neo-nationalism of of hishis ballets ballets Firebird Firebird The neo-nationalism ofbrought his ballets Firebird and and Petrouchka Petrouchka had had brought hishis initial initial and Petrouchka had brought hisDeriving initial fame fame in in thethe music music world world byby 1911.

1911.

Deriving fame inMussorgsky the musicand world by 1911. Deriving from from Mussorgsky and Rimsky-Korsakov, Rimsky-Korsakov, from Mussorgsky and Rimsky-Korsakov, Stravinsky’s Stravinsky’s early early music music is is fearless fearless and and Stravinsky’s early music is fearless and rude, rude, with with wonderfully wonderfully colorful colorful rude, with wonderfully colorful orchestration. orchestration.

In In 1913, 1913, he he combined combined these these orchestration.

In wildly 1913, he combined these traits traits with with a new a new wildly fragmented fragmented traits with (generally a (generally new wildly fragmented approach approach called called primitivism) primitivism) to to approach called unleash unleash his(generally his ballet ballet The The Rite Rite ofprimitivism) of Spring Spring – a–to a unleash his ballet The Rite of Spring – a

work work that that shook shook thethe very very foundation foundation of of work thattraditions. shook the Always very foundation of orchestral orchestral traditions.

Always thethe orchestral Always thethis innovator, innovator, hetraditions. he quickly quickly abandoned abandoned this innovator, he quickly abandoned this style style forfor Neo-classicism, Neo-classicism, a more a more polite polite style for Neo-classicism, a more polite mix mix of of eighteenth eighteenth century century musical musical mix of eighteenth century musical elements elements filtered filtered through through twentieth twentieth elements filtered through twentieth century century compositional compositional techniques. techniques. century compositional techniques.

Beginning Beginning around around 1920 1920 with with Beginning around 1920 with Tale Tale and and Pulcinella, Pulcinella, Stravinsky’s Stravinsky’s Tale and Pulcinella, Stravinsky’s neo-classical neo-classical style style would would last last until until 1951, 1951, neo-classical style would last until 1951, culminating culminating with with hishis opera opera The The Rake’s Rake’s culminating with his opera The Rake’s Progress.

Progress.HisHis final final twenty twenty years, years, until until hishis Progress.

His final twenty years, until his death death in in 1971, 1971, consisted consisted of of works works written written in 1971, consisted ofArnold works written indeath in hishis own own adaptation adaptation of of Arnold inSchoenberg’s his own adaptation ofand Arnold Schoenberg’s austere austere and experimental experimental Schoenberg’s austere and experimental twelve-tone twelve-tone technique. technique.

Although Although they they twelve-tone technique.

Although they are are more more dissonant dissonant and and rhythmically rhythmically are more dissonant and rhythmically complex complex than than Stravinsky’s Stravinsky’s earlier earlier pieces, pieces, complex than Stravinsky’s earlier pieces, they they remain remain readily readily identifiable identifiable asas the the they remain readily identifiable work work of of this this undisputed undisputed master master ofas of the work of this undisputed twentieth-century twentieth-century music. music.master of twentieth-century music.

René René Auberjonois.

Auberjonois.

Dancers Dancers came came from from Geneva Geneva and and conductor conductor Ernest Ernest Ansermet Ansermet provided provided what what must must have have been been a talented a talented septet. septet.

Stravinsky’s Stravinsky’s score score goes goes beyond beyond thethe difficulty difficulty of of anything anything playable playable byby a mildly a mildly talented talented group group of of musicians. musicians.

Each Each part part hashas its its moments, moments, butbut thethe high high clarinet clarinet parts parts and and quick quick bassoon bassoon and and trumpet trumpet lines lines areare perhaps perhaps thethe most most memorable. memorable.

OfOf course, course, there there areare also also thethe virtuosic virtuosic ‘devil’s’ ‘devil’s’ fiddle fiddle segments segments that that areare especially especially complicated. complicated.

However, However, it isit the is the synchronization synchronization of of thethe entire entire ensemble ensemble with with narrators narrators that that provides provides thethe biggest biggest challenge challenge and and thethe greatest greatest reward. reward. ©2022 ©2022 Orpheus Orpheus Music Music Prose Prose & Craig & Craig Doolin Doolin www.orpheusnotes.com www.orpheusnotes.com

Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 17

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ABOUT ABOUTTHE THEARTISTS ARTISTS winner winner of of thethe 2020 2020 National National Chopin Chopin Piano Piano Competition, Competition, and and asas thethe only only American American semifinalist semifinalist at at thethe 18th 18th International International Chopin Chopin Competition Competition in in 2021.

2021.

Piano Piano “Avery “Avery Gagliano Gagliano is is a distinctive a distinctive young young talent talent who who has has already already graduated graduated toto the the bigbig league league ofof professional professional pianists pianists while while still still a student a student at at music music college.” college.”

–– International International Piano Piano magazine magazine "Her "Her ability ability toto inhabit inhabit every every room room in in the the immense immense imagination imagination ofof Frédéric Frédéric Chopin Chopin came came asas a revelation." a revelation."

–– New New York York Classical Classical Review Review "She "She walked walked a fine a fine line line between between the the type type ofof brilliant brilliant keyboard keyboard display display often often beloved beloved byby competition competition juries juries and and personal personal interpretations interpretations that that proved proved consistently consistently invigorating invigorating and and expressive." expressive."

––

Her Her performance performance highlights highlights include include appearances appearances at at world-renown world-renown stages stages such such asas thethe Verbier Verbier Festival, Festival, Gilmore Gilmore Festival, Festival, Bravo!Vail Bravo!Vail Festival, Festival, Ravinia Ravinia Festival, Festival, Aspen Aspen Music Music Festival, Festival, Swiss Swiss Alps Alps Classics Classics Festival, Festival, Carnegie Carnegie Hall, Hall, Warsaw Warsaw Philharmonic Philharmonic Hall, Hall, Cavatina Cavatina Hall, Hall, Louis Louis Vuitton Vuitton Foundation, Foundation, Salle Salle Cortot, Cortot, and and WQXR WQXR Greene Greene Space.

Space.

Avery Avery has has soloed soloed with with orchestras orchestras throughout throughout United States, thethe United States, including including thethe Aspen Aspen Philharmonic Philharmonic Orchestra, Orchestra, Tuscarawas Tuscarawas Philharmonic, Philharmonic, MostArts MostArts Festival Festival Orchestra, Orchestra, Oregon Oregon Mozart Mozart Players, Players, thethe Bravura Bravura Philharmonic Philharmonic Orchestra Orchestra and and Symphony Symphony in in C.C.A A passionate passionate chamber chamber musician, musician, she she regularly regularly collaborates collaborates with with ensembles, ensembles, most most recently recently sharing sharing thethe stage stage with with thethe Balourdet Balourdet Quartet Quartet at at Bravo!Vail.

Bravo!Vail.

She She also also frequently frequently performs performs asas a guest a guest artist artist with with thethe Jupiter Jupiter Symphony Symphony Chamber Chamber Players Players in in New New York.

York.

Avery Avery received received thethe Audience Audience Prize Prize at at thethe 2019 2019 Cliburn Cliburn International International Junior Junior Piano Piano Competition, Competition, and and was was thethe winner winner of of thethe Aspen Aspen Music Music Festival Festival Concerto Concerto Competition, Competition, MostArts MostArts Festival Festival Piano Piano South South Florida Florida Classical Classical Review Review Competition, Competition, and and 2019 2019 National National Having Having recently recently made made her her Carnegie Carnegie Hall Hall YoungArts YoungArts Competition.

Competition.She She is is anan alumna alumna debut debut and and released released her her debut debut album album of of thethe Verbier Verbier Festival Festival & Academy, & Academy, “Reflections” “Reflections” onon thethe Steinway Steinway & Sons & Sons Gstaad Gstaad Piano Piano Academy, Academy, and and thethe Lang Lang label, label, 21-year-old 21-year-old pianist pianist Avery Avery Gagliano Gagliano Lang Lang International International Music Music Foundation’s Foundation’s captures captures audiences audiences with with her her sensitivity, sensitivity, Young Young Scholars Scholars Program, Program, a four-year a four-year emotional emotional depth, depth, and and musical musical expression. expression. winner winner of of thethe USUS Chopin Chopin Foundation Foundation Avery Avery gained gained international international attention attention asas Scholarship, Scholarship, and and has has made made several several thethe First First Prize Prize and and Best Best Concerto Concerto Prize Prize appearances appearances onon Philadelphia’s Philadelphia’s WRTI WRTI 20 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

book bookreviews reviews classical classical radio radio andand National National Public Public Radio’s Radio’s (NPR) (NPR) From From TheThe Top. Top. At At thethe invitation invitation of Sir of Sir András András Schiff, Schiff, sheshe willwill joinjoin thethe Building Building Bridges Bridges concert concert series series andand appear appear in recitals in recitals throughout throughout Europe Europe in the in the 2022/23 2022/23 season. season.

SheShe willwill also also make make herher debut debut with with thethe Maryland Maryland Symphony Symphony Orchestra, Orchestra, Fort Fort Collins Collins Symphony, Symphony, andand Avanti Avanti Orchestra.

Orchestra.

Avery Avery is originally is originally from Washington, from Washington, D.C., D.C., where where sheshe studied studied with with Marina Marina Alekseyeva.

Alekseyeva.

SheShe currently currently resides resides in in Philadelphia Philadelphia andand studies studies at the at the Curtis Curtis Institute Institute of Music of Music with with Robert Robert McDonald.

McDonald.

SheShe hashas also also studied studied with with Gary Gary Graffman Graffman andand Jonathan Jonathan Biss Biss while while at Curtis. at Curtis.

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The The Really Really Awful Awful Musicians Musicians ByBy John John Manders Manders The The Really Really Awful Awful Musicians Musicians is is really really awfully awfully fun.fun.

Like Like a classic a classic Disney Disney film, film, John John Manders’s Manders’s illustrations illustrations areare so so animated animated they they seem seem to to bebe moving moving as as youyou turn turn thethe pages. pages.

Appalled Appalled by by hishis royal royal musician’s musician’s horrid horrid playing, playing, thethe king king decrees decrees that that music music willwill bebe banned banned throughout throughout thethe kingdom. kingdom.

A merry A merry (and (and very very silly) silly) band band of musicians of musicians unite unite andand learn learn to to read read music music together. together.

When When thethe king king hears hears them them rehearsing, rehearsing, thethe banban is lifted is lifted andand beautiful beautiful music music is enjoyed is enjoyed once once again again by by all all children. children.

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Eye-catching Eye-catching illustrations, illustrations, engaging engaging texttext andand delightful delightful musical musical selections selections on on thethe accompanying accompanying 70-minute 70-minute CDCD lead lead children children ages ages 8 to 8 to 12 12 (and (and parents, parents, too!) too!) on on an an exciting exciting andand educational educational tour tour through through thethe instruments instruments andand music music of the of the orchestra. orchestra.

Illustrated Illustrated in exquisite in exquisite andand colorful colorful detail detail with with over over 100100 original original drawings drawings andand photographs, photographs, thisthis package package is aisfun a fun andand exciting exciting musical musical journey journey forfor children. children.

Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 21

PROGRAM PROGRAMNOTES NOTES

BLUE BLUECATHEDRAL CATHEDRAL Jennifer Jennifer Higdon Higdon Born Born December December 31,31, 1962, 1962, in in Brooklyn Brooklyn New New York York This This work work was was premiered premiered in in March March 1, 1, 2000, 2000, byby the the Curtis Curtis Institute Institute ofof Music Music Symphony Symphony Orchestra, Orchestra, conducted conducted byby Robert Robert Spano.

Spano.It is It is scored scored forfor piccolo, piccolo, two two flutes, flutes, oboe, oboe, English English horn, horn, two two clarinets, clarinets, two two bassoons, bassoons, four four horns, horns, three three trumpets, trumpets, three three trombones, trombones, tuba, tuba, harp, harp, piano, piano, celesta, celesta, timpani, timpani, percussion, percussion, and and strings. strings.

However, However, numerous numerous percussion percussion instruments instruments are are played played byby many many non-percussionist non-percussionist members members ofof the the orchestra. orchestra.

Jennifer Jennifer Higdon Higdon is is one one of of America's America's most most acclaimed acclaimed and and most most frequently frequently performed performed living living composers. composers.

She She has has is is aa major major figure figure in in contemporary contemporary Classical Classical music, music, receiving receiving thethe 2010 2010 Pulitzer Pulitzer Prize Prize in in Music Music forfor her her Violin Violin Concerto, Concerto, a 2010 a 2010 Grammy Grammy forfor her her Percussion Percussion Concerto Concerto and and a 2018 a 2018 Grammy Grammy forfor her her Viola Viola Concerto, Concerto, and and a 2020 a 2020 Grammy Grammy forfor her her Harp Harp Concerto.

Concerto.

Most Most recently, recently, Higdon Higdon received received thethe Nemmers Nemmers Prize Prize from from Northwestern Northwestern University, University, given given to to contemporary contemporary classical classical composers composers of of exceptional exceptional achievement achievement who who have have significantly significantly influenced influenced thethe field field of of composition. composition.

Higdon Higdon enjoys enjoys several several hundred hundred performances performances a year a year of of her her works, works, and and blue blue cathedral cathedral is is today's today's most most performed performed contemporary contemporary orchestral orchestral works, works, with with more more than than 650 650 performances performances worldwide. worldwide.

Her Her works works have have been been recorded recorded onon more more than than sixty sixty CDs, CDs, and and her her Percussion Percussion Concerto Concerto recording recording was was recently recently

inducted inducted into into thethe Library Library of of Congress Congress National National Recording Recording Registry.

Registry.

Higdon's Higdon's first first opera, opera, Cold Cold Mountain, Mountain, won won thethe prestigious prestigious International International Opera Opera Award Award forfor Best Best World World Premiere.

Premiere.

Dr.Dr. Higdon Higdon holds holds thethe Rock Rock Chair Chair in in Composition Composition at at The The Curtis Curtis Institute Institute of of Music Music in in Philadelphia.

Philadelphia. blue blue cathedral cathedral (Higdon’s (Higdon’s lower-case) lower-case) resulted resulted from from a 1999 a 1999 commission commission from from thethe Curtis Curtis School School of of Music Music in in Philadelphia Philadelphia to to commemorate commemorate their their seventy-fifth seventy-fifth anniversary. anniversary.However, However, thethe work’s work’s emotional emotional roots roots areare deeper deeper and and much much more more personal. personal.Higdon Higdon described described itsits meaning meaning in in conjunction conjunction with with itsits premiere premiere in in March, March, 2000: 2000: Blue...like Blue...like thethe sky. sky.

Where Where allall possibilities possibilities soar. soar.

Cathedrals...a Cathedrals...a place place of of thought, thought, growth, growth, spiritual spiritual expression...serving expression...serving asas aa symbolic symbolic doorway doorway into into and and outout of of this this world. world.

Blue Blue represents represents allall potential potential and and thethe progression progression of of journeys. journeys.

Cathedrals Cathedrals represent represent a place a place of of beginnings, beginnings, endings, endings, solitude, solitude, fellowship, fellowship, contemplation, contemplation, knowledge knowledge and and growth. growth.

AsAs I was I was writing writing this this piece, piece, I found I found myself myself imagining imagining aa journey journey through through a glass a glass cathedral cathedral in in thethe sky. sky.

Because Because thethe walls walls would would bebe transparent, transparent, I saw I saw thethe image image of of clouds clouds and and blueness blueness permeating permeating from from thethe outside outside of of this this church. church.

In In mymy mind's mind's eye eye thethe listener listener would would enter enter from from thethe back back of of thethe sanctuary, sanctuary, floating floating along along thethe corridor corridor amongst amongst giant giant crystal crystal pillars, pillars, moving moving in in aa contemplative contemplative stance. stance.

The The stained stained glass glass windows' windows' figures figures would would start start moving moving with with song, song, singing singing a heavenly a heavenly music. music.

The The listener listener would would float float down down thethe aisle, aisle, slowly slowly moving moving upward upward at at first first and and then then progressing progressing at at a quicker a quicker pace, pace, rising rising towards towards anan immense immense ceiling ceiling which which would would open open to to thethe sky...as sky...as this this journey journey

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progressed, progressed, thethe speed speed of of thethe traveler traveler would would increase, increase, rushing rushing forward forward and and upward. upward.

I wanted I wanted to to create create thethe sensation sensation of of contemplation contemplation and and quiet quiet peace peace at at thethe beginning, beginning, moving moving towards towards thethe feeling feeling of of celebration celebration and and ecstatic ecstatic expansion expansion of of thethe soul, soul, allall thethe while while singing singing along along with with that that Camille Camille Saint-Saëns Saint-Saëns heavenly heavenly music. music.

PIANO PIANOCONCERTO CONCERTONO. NO. 55ININF FMAJOR, MAJOR,OP. OP.103 103 ("EGYPTIAN") ("EGYPTIAN")

These These were were mymy thoughts thoughts when when The The Curtis Curtis Institute Institute of of Music Music commissioned commissioned meme to to write write a work a work to to commemorate commemorate its its 75th 75th anniversary. anniversary.

Curtis Curtis is ais house a house of of knowledge--a knowledge--a place place to to reach reach towards towards that that beautiful beautiful expression expression of of thethe soul soul which which comes comes through through music. music.

I began I began writing writing thisthis piece piece at at a unique a unique juncture juncture in in mymy lifelife and and found found myself myself pondering pondering thethe question question of of what what makes makes a life. a life.

The The recent recent loss loss of of mymy younger younger brother, brother, Andrew Andrew Blue, Blue, made made meme reflect reflect onon thethe amazing amazing journeys journeys that that wewe allall make make in our in our lives, lives, crossing crossing paths paths with with soso many many individuals individuals singularly singularly and and collectively, collectively, learning learning and and growing growing each each step step of of thethe way. way.

This This piece piece represents represents thethe expression expression of of thethe individual individual and and thethe group...our group...our inner inner travels travels and and thethe places places ourour souls souls carry carry us,us, thethe lessons lessons wewe learn, learn, and and thethe growth growth wewe experience. experience.

In In tribute tribute to to mymy brother, brother, I I feature feature solos solos forfor thethe clarinet clarinet (the (the instrument instrument hehe played) played) and and thethe flute flute (the (the instrument instrument I play).

I play).

Because Because I am I am thethe older older sibling, sibling, it isit the is the flute flute that that appears appears first first in in thisthis dialog. dialog.

At At thethe end end of of thethe work, work, thethe two two instruments instruments continue continue their their dialogue, dialogue, butbut it isit the is the flute flute that that drops drops outout and and thethe clarinet clarinet that that continues continues onon in the in the upward upward progressing progressing journey. journey.

This This is ais story a story that that commemorates commemorates living living and and passing passing through through places places of of knowledge knowledge and and of of sharing sharing and and of of that that song song called called life." life."

Born Born October October 9, 9, 1835, 1835, in Paris, in Paris, France France Died Died December December 16,16, 1921, 1921, in Algiers, in Algiers, Algeria Algeria The The symphony symphony received received itsits premiere premiere onon May May 6, 6, 1896, 1896, at at Salle Salle Pleyel Pleyel in in Paris Paris byby thethe Paris Paris Conservatoire Conservatoire Orchestra Orchestra conducted conducted byby Paul Paul Taffanel Taffanel with with thethe composer composer asas soloist. soloist.

It is It scored is scored forfor piano piano solo, solo, two two flutes, flutes, two two oboes, oboes, two two clarinets, clarinets, two two bassoons, bassoons, four four horns, horns, two two trumpets, trumpets, three three trombones, trombones, timpani, timpani, tam tam tam, tam, and and strings. strings.

The The eighty-six eighty-six years years of of Camille Camille Saint-Saëns’ Saint-Saëns’ lifelife comprise comprise one one of of thethe longest longest of of any any composer. composer.

Born Born in 1835, in 1835, only only eight eight years years after after Beethoven's Beethoven's death, death, hehe lived lived until until 1921, 1921, three three years years after after Leonard Leonard Bernstein’s Bernstein’s birth. birth.

However, However, it it was was notnot hishis longevity longevity that that makes makes him him memorable, memorable, butbut thethe enormously enormously creative creative works works hehe composed composed during during thethe eighty-two eighty-two productive productive years years of of hishis musical musical lifelife – beginning – beginning at at age age four. four.

Also Also a pianist, a pianist, Saint-Saëns Saint-Saëns gave gave many many concerts concerts and and was was praised praised byby critics critics forfor hishis elegance elegance and and mastery. mastery.

Saint-Saëns Saint-Saëns described described music music as as "a "a formal formal combination combination of of pleasing pleasing sounds, sounds, purity purity of of style style and and perfection perfection of of form.... form.... elegant elegant lines, lines, tasteful tasteful coloration, coloration, and and beautiful beautiful succession succession of of harmonies." harmonies."

This This was was notnot

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PROGRAM PROGRAMNOTES NOTES idleidle pontification, pontification, butbut a perfect a perfect description description of Saint-Saëns’ of Saint-Saëns’ musical musical style. style.

HisHis works works fit into fit into a strict a strict formal formal structure, structure, sometimes sometimes innovative innovative butbut never never avant-garde. avant-garde.

HisHis approach approach is direct, is direct, butbut never never harsh. harsh.

A distinct A distinct French French flavor flavor is is ever-present ever-present with with a melodic a melodic andand harmonic harmonic frivolity frivolity thatthat is quite is quite appealing. appealing.

TheThe firstfirst movement movement begins begins with with thethe soloist soloist after after justjust a few a few measures measures of quiet of quiet introduction. introduction.

A slow A slow andand breathless breathless melody melody becomes becomes more more complex complex on on each each statement statement andand is eventually is eventually treated treated in an in an imitative imitative manner. manner.

TheThe second second theme theme is is slower slower andand hashas a tinge a tinge of sadness. of sadness.

Spanish Spanish influence influence is not is not overt overt butbut is never is never far far from from thethe surface. surface.

These These themes themes Saint-Saëns’ Saint-Saëns’ Piano Piano Concerto Concerto No.No. 5 was 5 was alternate alternate throughout throughout thethe movement, movement, butbut composed composed in Luxor, in Luxor, Egypt, Egypt, which which resulted resulted there there areare a few a few excursions excursions intointo different different in the in the work’s work’s nickname. nickname.

HeHe waswas areas areas of extreme of extreme virtuosity. virtuosity. interested interested in writing in writing a new a new work work for for a a Jubilee Jubilee concert concert to commemorate to commemorate thethe Saint-Saëns’ Saint-Saëns’ second second movement movement begins begins fiftieth fiftieth anniversary anniversary of his of his debut debut at the at the with with a loud a loud outburst. outburst.

It proceeds with It proceeds with a a Salle Salle Pleyel Pleyel in 1846 in 1846 but,but, as as he he stated stated in ain a theme theme thatthat thethe composer composer heard heard in Egypt in Egypt letter letter to his to his publisher, publisher, Durand, Durand, he he waswas andand described described as as a Nubian a Nubian love love song song unsure, unsure, butbut he he knew knew he he could could compose compose sung sung by by a boatman a boatman on on thethe Nile.

Nile.

TheThe quickly: quickly: sounds sounds of frogs of frogs andand crickets crickets cancan be be heard heard later later in the in the movement. movement.

Pianistically, Pianistically, “It’s“It’s notnot yetyet thethe 5th5th concerto, concerto, butbut I’mI’m thethe writing writing is brilliant is brilliant with with clear clear melodies melodies thinking thinking seriously seriously about about it; who it; who knows knows if I if I andand undulating undulating accompaniments accompaniments at the at the might might play play it myself it myself at my at my 50th 50th climax climax of the of the movement. movement.

Listen Listen for for anniversary anniversary concert concert at the at the endend of May! of May! Saint-Saëns’ Saint-Saëns’ depiction depiction of the of the Javanese Javanese After After all,all, we’ve we’ve seen seen more more extraordinary extraordinary gamelan. gamelan. things, things, such such as as thethe 2nd2nd Concerto, Concerto, which which was was written written andand performed performed in just in just three three TheThe finale finale starts starts with with a low a low rumble rumble in the in the weeks.” weeks.” piano piano – perhaps – perhaps a representation a representation of aof a ship’s ship’s engine engine as as Elgar Elgar later later depicted depicted in in Saint-Saëns Saint-Saëns ended ended up up composing composing thisthis hishis Enigma Enigma Variations.

Variations.

A brilliant A brilliant rambling rambling concerto concerto in less in less than than three three weeks weeks andand theme theme follows follows as as an an introduction introduction to the to the premiering premiering it about it about twotwo weeks weeks later. later. fullfull orchestra orchestra entry. entry.

This This movement movement hashas been been described described as as oneone with with “exuberant “exuberant Although Although thethe work work waswas entitled entitled Egyptian, andand Egyptian, dizzying dizzying virtuosity.” virtuosity.”

TheThe following following thethe composer composer insisted insisted thatthat it represents it represents theme theme is one is one thatthat thethe listener listener willwill an an ocean ocean voyage voyage thatthat included included three three undoubtedly undoubtedly whistle whistle as as they they leave leave thethe different different countries. countries.

HeHe cited cited Spanish Spanish concert concert hall. hall.

That That melody melody goes goes through through influences influences (he(he hadhad sketched sketched a first a first many many transformations transformations butbut comes comes back back movement movement section section twotwo years years earlier earlier in the in the stronger stronger every every time. time.

Scales Scales andand Canary Canary Islands), Islands), Javanese Javanese gamelan gamelan arpeggios arpeggios areare abundant abundant andand wonderfully wonderfully structures structures (likely (likely from from thethe 1889 1889 Paris Paris exciting. exciting.

A dazzling A dazzling coda coda ends ends thethe work. work.

Exposition Exposition Universelle), Universelle), andand a a second-movement second-movement quotation quotation of aofNubian a Nubian ©2022 ©2022 Orpheus Orpheus Music Music Prose Prose & Craig & Craig Doolin Doolin love love song song he he heard heard in Egypt. in Egypt. www.orpheusnotes.com www.orpheusnotes.com 24 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 25

PROGRAM NOTES confidence, thirst for activity. Must be short (Finale death – result of collapse).

Second movement love; third movement disappointment; fourth end with a dying away (also short)” Although the final symphony does not follow this impromptu sketch directly, it is no doubt autobiographical to a large degree.

The opening bassoon solo sets a somber mood before giving way to a more agitated incarnation of the same melody at the outset of the Allegro. After a brief respite with the lyrical second theme, the turmoil returns. The movement ends with gestures of emotional resignation.

Tchaikovsky’s second movement is the famous 5/4 waltz – lopsided, but flowing and completely natural. The march of the third movement is perhaps the brightest emotional moment of the entire work, but is more akin to Berlioz’ March to the Scaffold than Tchaikovsky’s ceremonial music.

The final movement is tragic and melancholy, and seems even more heartrending after the bright ending of the march. The intensity builds until the devastating moment near the end when a gong sounds, followed by a brass chorale, and the symphony fades away into silence. ©2022 Orpheus Music Prose & Craig Doolin www.orpheusnotes.com

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ABOUT ABOUTTHE THEARTISTS ARTISTS In In hishis career career asas a soloist a soloist and and with with TF3 TF3 and and ECCO, ECCO, Nick Nick has has performed performed at at Carnegie Carnegie Hall Hall and and many many of of thethe venues venues across across thethe Lincoln Lincoln Center Center campus campus in in New New York York City, City, NPR's NPR's Tiny Tiny Desk Desk Concerts, Concerts, Kennedy Kennedy Center Center in in Washington, Washington, D.C., D.C., Philadelphia's Philadelphia's Kimmel Kimmel Center Center and and Philadelphia Philadelphia Chamber Chamber Music Music Society, Society, Schleswig Schleswig Holstein Holstein Festival Festival outside outside Hamburg, Hamburg, Hollywood Hollywood Bowl Bowl in in Los Los Angeles, Angeles, BBC BBC Proms Proms in in London, London, Ravinia Ravinia Festival, Festival, Melbourne's Melbourne's Hamer Hamer Hall, Hall, Wiener Wiener Musikverein, Musikverein, Marlboro Marlboro Music Music Festival, Festival, Sydney Sydney Opera Opera House, House, Hyogo Hyogo Performing Performing Violin Violin Arts Arts Center Center outside outside Osaka, Osaka, Dvorak Dvorak Hall Hall at at Prague's Prague's Rudolfmum, Rudolfmum, Hong Hong Kong Kong Cultural Cultural "Throughout "Throughout allall mymy experiences, experiences, and and Center, Center, and and anan array array of of sports sports arenas arenas from from mymy earliest earliest memories, memories, playing playing thethe across across Belgium, Belgium, Germany, Germany, Denmark Denmark and and violin violin was was funfun - a- way a way to to release release energy, energy, Luxembourg Luxembourg asas one one of of thethe featured featured artists artists a nurturing a nurturing tool tool to to shape shape creativity, creativity, and and onon thethe touring touring super-show super-show "Night "Night of of thethe anan amazing amazing way way to to practice practice forms forms of of Proms".

Proms". discipline discipline and and organization." organization."

HeHe has has shared shared thethe stage stage with with Joshua Joshua AsAs hishis multifaceted multifaceted international international career career Bell, Bell, Branford Branford Marsalis, Marsalis, Christoph Christoph unfolds, unfolds, Emmy Emmy Award Award winning winning violinist violinist Eschenbach, Eschenbach, Joshua Joshua Radin, Radin, Keith Keith Nick Nick Kendall Kendall reimagines reimagines and and reinvents reinvents Lockhart, Lockhart, Alisa Alisa Weilerstein, Weilerstein, Michael Michael Tilson Tilson how how a traditional a traditional violin violin virtuoso virtuoso can can Thomas, Thomas, Jake Jake Shimabukuro, Shimabukuro, Aoife Aoife transform transform thethe music music world world without without O'Donovan, O'Donovan, Marin Marin Alsop, Alsop, Chris Chris ThiThi le,le, boundaries. boundaries.

James James Gaffigan, Gaffigan, Krzysztof Krzysztof Urbanski, Urbanski, Chris Chris Brubeck Brubeck - who - who composed composed a jazz-inspired a jazz-inspired Nick Nick is ais founding a founding member member of of thethe improvised improvised violin violin concerto concerto forfor Nick, Nick, Swiss Swiss internationally internationally acclaimed, acclaimed, genre-busting genre-busting pop/soul pop/soul star star Stefanie Stefanie Heinzmann, Heinzmann, and and string string band band Time Time forfor Three Three (TF3) (TF3) thethe legendary legendary Irish Irish rock rock band band Simple Simple - in- in addition addition to to hishis solo solo concert concert career. career.

In In Minds.

Minds. allall hishis endeavors, endeavors, hehe is ais restless a restless innovator innovator in in shaping shaping how how modern modern In In 2021, 2021, Nick Nick and and hishis TF3 TF3 partners partners wrote wrote audiences audiences perceive, perceive, appreciate, appreciate, and and and and performed performed thethe musical musical score score - enjoy enjoy music music and and music-making. music-making.

HeHe working working virtually, virtually, during during thethe Covid-19 Covid-19 co-founded co-founded and and plays plays in in thethe pandemic pandemic with with longtime longtime friend friend and and fellow fellow artist-driven artist-driven East East Coast Coast Chamber Chamber collaborator, collaborator, singer singer songwriter songwriter Ben Ben Sollee Sollee Orchestra Orchestra (ECCO), (ECCO), and, and, in in 2020, 2020, hehe - for - for thethe soundtrack soundtrack of of Land, Land, actress actress became became Artist Artist in in Residence Residence at at New New York's York's Robin Robin Wright's Wright's feature feature film film debut debut asas a a Lincoln Lincoln Center, Center, where where hehe unveiled unveiled thethe director. director.

Produced Produced byby BigBig Beach, Beach, and and CONTINUUM CONTINUUM series series in in summer summer 2021.

2021. distributed distributed through through Focus Focus Features, Features, Land Land 32 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

premiered premiered at at thethe 2021 2021 edition edition of of thethe premiered at Film the 2021 edition of the Sundance Sundance Film Festival.

Festival.

Sundance Film Festival.

Emblematic Emblematic of of Nick's Nick's diverse diverse artistic artistic Emblematic of diverse artistic expressions expressions areNick's are special special projects projects that that expressions special projects that include include - in- addition inare addition to to original original film film include -and inand addition to new original filmbyby scoring scoring recording recording new music music scoring and recording new music by living living composers composers - co-writing, - co-writing, producing, producing, living composers co-writing, producing, and and performing performing on- on pop pop albums. albums.

Besides Besides and performing on pop albums.

Besides thethe Land Land soundtrack soundtrack and and recording recording the Land with soundtrack and recording sessions sessions with thethe Philadelphia Philadelphia Orchestra Orchestra sessions with the Philadelphia Orchestra of of new new compositions compositions byby Jennifer Jennifer Hidgon Hidgon of new compositions byalso Jennifer Hidgon and and Kevin Kevin Puts, Puts, Nick Nick also performs performs onon thethe and Kevin Puts, also performs on the latest latest release release ofNick of R&B R&B superstar superstar Summer Summer latest release of R&B superstar Walker's Walker's hithit record, record, "Still "Still Over Over It"Summer It" Walker's hit record, "Still Over It" (lnterscope, (lnterscope, 2021 2021 ). ). (lnterscope, 2021 ).

Nick's Nick's love love forfor music, music, which which began began when when Nick's love for music, began when hehe first first picked picked upup a violin at at the age a which violin the age of of he firstispicked up at the age ofhishis three, three, rooted is rooted in athe inviolin the family family tradition: tradition: three, is rooted the family violin tradition: grandfather grandfather - the - in the renowned renowned violin his grandfather - the renowned pedagogue pedagogue John John Kendall Kendall - brought -violin brought thethe pedagogue John Kendall brought the Suzuki Suzuki method method from from Japan Japan to to thethe United United Suzuki method from Japan to the United States States in the in the 1960s.

1960s.

Both Both Nick Nick and and hishis States in Yumi theKendall, 1960s.

Both Nick Principal and his sister, sister, Yumi Kendall, Assistant Assistant Principal sister, Yumi Kendall, Assistant Principal Cello Cello in the in the Philadelphia Philadelphia Orchestra, Orchestra, Cello intheir the Philadelphia Orchestra, began began their music music education education as as Suzuki Suzuki began their music education as Suzuki kids kids and and mastered mastered their their professional professional skills skills kids and masteredattheir professional skills and and musicianship musicianship at Philadelphia's Philadelphia's Curtis Curtis and musicianship at Philadelphia's Curtis Institute Institute of of Music.

Music.

Institute of Music.

Nick's Nick's commitment commitment to to hishis artart and and craft, craft, as as Nick's commitment tocaretaker, his art andgoes craft, a communicator a communicator and and caretaker, goesas a communicator and caretaker, goes beyond beyond hishis work work as as an an active active performing performing beyond his work as an active performing artist. artist.

Designed Designed to to inspire inspire young young people people artist.

Designed to inspire young people to to revel revel in the in the exhilaration exhilaration of of music music to making, revel in exhilarationfor offor music making, histhe his programming programming young young making, programming young people people - his Music - Music At At Play Play - renews -for renews thethe people - Music At of Play -grandfather renews the while teaching teaching tradition tradition of hishis grandfather while teaching tradition of his grandfather while tapping tapping thethe source source of of joyjoy hehe himself himself tapping the in source of joy experiences heexperiences himself as as discovered discovered his in his earliest earliest discovered in his earliest experiences as a musician. a musician. a musician.

Nick Nick hashas brought brought Music Music At At Play Play to to Nick has brought Music At Play to

various various communities communities throughout throughout thethe various communities throughout the United United States, States, including including thethe National National United States, including the National Symphony's Symphony's 2013-14 2013-14 season season of of Young Young Symphony's 2013-14 of Young People's People's Concerts Concerts at season at thethe Kennedy Kennedy Center Center People's Concerts at Symphony theSymphony Kennedy Center and and thethe Indianapolis Indianapolis and the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra.

Orchestra.

Upcoming Upcoming is aispresentation a presentation Orchestra.

Upcoming is Orchestra a presentation with with thethe Philadelphia Philadelphia Orchestra in the in the with the Philadelphia 2022-23 2022-23 season. season. Orchestra in the 2022-23 season.

PROGRAM PROGRAMNOTES NOTES

HELIOS HELIOSOVERTURE, OVERTURE, OPUS OPUS1717 Carl Carl Nielsen Nielsen Born Born June June 9, 9, 1865, 1865, at at Sortelung, Sortelung, near near Nørre Nørre Lyndelse, Lyndelse, onon thethe Island Island of of Funen, Funen, Denmark Denmark

In In March March of of 1903, 1903, Nielsen Nielsen began began writing writing what what would would become become thethe Helios Helios Overture.

Overture.

Composition Composition took took only only about about a month. a month.

The The inscription inscription at at thethe beginning beginning of of thethe score score translates translates roughly roughly as,as, “Silence “Silence and and darkness—then darkness—then thethe rising rising sun sun with with aa joyous joyous song song of of praise—it praise—it wanders wanders onon itsits golden golden way—and way—and sinks sinks quietly quietly into into thethe sea.” sea.”Thus Thus is is thethe course course of of thethe overture. overture.

Nielsen’s Nielsen’s overture overture begins begins with with a low a low drone drone in in thethe cellos cellos and and basses, basses, which which is is soon soon joined joined byby anan extended extended section section of of melodic melodic leaps leaps in in thethe horns. horns.A rising A rising and and falling falling scalar scalar pattern pattern in in the the strings, strings, and and This This work work was was premiered premiered onon October October 8, 8, eventually thethe woodwinds, woodwinds, completes completes thethe 1903, 1903, byby the the Royal Royal Orchestra Orchestra at at the the Odd Odd eventually dramatic dramatic depiction depiction of of the the rising rising sun. sun.

At At Fellows Fellows Mansion Mansion in in Copenhagen, Copenhagen, thethe height height of of thethe sun’s sun’s ascension, ascension, a bold a bold Denmark, Denmark, conducted conducted byby Johan Johan horn horn theme theme is is heard. heard.After After a brilliant a brilliant Svendsen.

Svendsen.It is It is scored scored forfor three three flutes, flutes, trumpet fanfare, fanfare, thethe triumphant triumphant allegro allegro two two oboes, oboes, two two clarinets, clarinets, two two bassoons, bassoons, trumpet ma ma non non troppo troppo begins begins and and soon soon gives gives four four horns, horns, three three trumpets, trumpets, three three way way to to the the presto presto fugato. fugato.

Nielsen Nielsen returns returns trombones, trombones, tuba, tuba, timpani, timpani, and and strings. strings. to to thethe allegro allegro theme, theme, butbut soon soon thethe day day is is done and and thethe sun sun begins begins to to setset in in thethe Composer Composer Carl Carl Nielsen Nielsen was was notnot thethe only only done west. west.Nielsen Nielsen combines combines thethe horn horn theme theme artistic artistic person person in in hishis family. family.HisHis wife, wife, and and thethe cello-bass cello-bass drone. drone.The The overture overture Anne Anne Marie Marie Carl-Nielsen, Carl-Nielsen, was was a noted a noted fades beyond beyond thethe horizon. horizon. sculptor. sculptor.In In 1902 1902 she she was was bestowed bestowed with with fades thethe Ancker Ancker Award, Award, a traveling a traveling grant grant forfor ©2022 ©2022 Orpheus Orpheus Music Music Prose Prose & Craig & Craig Doolin Doolin artists, artists, and and she she chose chose to to visit visit Athens, Athens, www.orpheusnotes.com www.orpheusnotes.com Greece.

Greece.Her Her project project would would bebe to to make make copies copies of of thethe bas-relief bas-relief sculptures sculptures in in thethe Acropolis Acropolis Museum.

Museum.SoSo hehe could could accompany accompany her, her, Carl Carl Nielsen, Nielsen, obtained obtained permission permission from from hishis publisher, publisher, butbut hehe was was expected expected to to compose compose new new music music while while there. there.HeHe could could also also satisfy satisfy hishis interest interest in in archaeology. archaeology.

Karol Karol Szymanowski Szymanowski Every Every morning, morning, Nielsen Nielsen saw saw thethe sun sun rise rise Born October October 6, 6, 1882, 1882, in in Tymoszówka, Tymoszówka, over over thethe Aegean Aegean Sea. Sea.It was It was thethe perfect perfect Born modern-day modern-day Ukraine Ukraine combination combination of of history, history, scenery, scenery, and and nature nature that that sparked sparked thethe idea idea forfor a new a new Died March March 29,29, 1937, 1937, in in Lausanne, Lausanne, orchestral orchestral work work that that encompassed encompassed allall of of Died Switzerland thethe drama drama and and beauty beauty of of thethe experience. experience. Switzerland Died Died October October 3, 3, 1931, 1931, in in Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Denmark

VIOLIN VIOLINCONCERTO CONCERTO NO. NO.2,2,OP. OP.6161

34 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

This This work work was was premiered premiered onon October October 6, 6, 1933, 1933, in Warsaw, in Warsaw, Poland, Poland, byby Pavel Pavel Kochanski.

Kochanski.

It isIt scored is scored forfor solo solo violin, violin, piccolo, piccolo, two two flutes, flutes, two two oboes, oboes, English English horn, horn, E-flat E-flat clarinets, clarinets, two two clarinets, clarinets, two two bassoons, bassoons, contrabassoon, contrabassoon, four four horns, horns, two two trumpets, trumpets, three three trombones, trombones, tuba, tuba, timpani, timpani, percussion, percussion, piano, piano, and and strings. strings.

relished relished hishis new new position position butbut contracted contracted tuberculosis tuberculosis in 1928. in 1928.

After After a period a period in the in the sanatorium sanatorium in Davos, in Davos, Switzerland, Switzerland, hehe returned returned to to Warsaw Warsaw and and remained remained Director Director until until thethe institution institution closed closed in in 1932.

1932.

In In 1911 1911 hehe moved moved to to Vienna Vienna and and absorbed absorbed thethe musical musical culture. culture.

HeHe started started to to compose compose operas operas and and song song cycles, cycles, butbut hehe adhered adhered to to traditional traditional styles styles of of late late romanticism. romanticism.

World World War War I erupted I erupted in 1914, in 1914, butbut Szymanowski Szymanowski was was excused excused from from service service because because of of a knee a knee issue. issue.

During During thethe war, war, hehe became became disillusioned disillusioned and and started started experimenting experimenting with with new new ideas. ideas.

HisHis music music took took onon more more modern modern tendencies. tendencies.

The The then-32-year-old then-32-year-old began began exploring exploring Islam Islam and and prose prose writing. writing.

ByBy thethe end end of of thethe war, war, hehe had had fully fully accepted accepted impressionism impressionism and and had had written written a a two-volume two-volume novel novel in which in which hehe explored explored homosexuality. homosexuality.

ByBy 1921 1921 hishis music music included included blatant blatant experimentalism experimentalism akin akin to to thethe advances advances that that Arnold Arnold Schoenberg Schoenberg would would make make within within a few a few years. years.

Szymanowski’s Szymanowski’s musical musical output output is is impressive. impressive.

HeHe composed composed four four symphonies, symphonies, several several operas, operas, ballet, ballet, two two string string quartets, quartets, much much chamber chamber music, music, a a brilliant brilliant Stabat Stabat Mater, Mater, dozens dozens of of piano piano pieces, pieces, and and two two violin violin concerti. concerti.

The The period period that that followed followed allowed allowed Szymanowski Szymanowski to to indulge indulge hishis interest interest in in thethe folk folk music music of of thethe Goral Goral people people from from AsAs a child, a child, Karol Karol Szymanowski Szymanowski studied studied thethe Polish Polish highlands. highlands.

Their Their dissonances dissonances piano piano with with hishis father, father, butbut byby 10 10 years years of of and and complex complex melodies melodies dominated dominated thethe age age hehe moved moved onon to to a formal a formal music music music music of of hishis later later period. period.

Unfortunately, Unfortunately, school. school.

ByBy 2020 hehe was was a student a student at at thethe composer composer was was unable unable to to fully fully explore explore State State Conservatory Conservatory in Warsaw. in Warsaw.

Not Not only only thethe hishis new new style style as as hishis tuberculosis tuberculosis became became diddid hehe excel excel in his in his studies, studies, butbut hehe soon soon founded founded a publishing a publishing company company forfor young young much much worse worse and and hehe was was sent sent to to Grasse Grasse Polish Polish composers. composers.

During During thisthis period period hishis onon thethe French French Riviera.

Riviera.

HeHe died died in in compositions compositions began began to to draw draw notice. notice.

Lausanne Lausanne thethe following following year. year.

Szymanowski’s Szymanowski’s progressiveness progressiveness diddid notnot hinder hinder hishis career. career.

This This was was a time a time of of great great musical musical and and social social transformation transformation and and hehe emerged emerged as as Director Director of of thethe Warsaw Warsaw Conservatory Conservatory in 1926. in 1926.

HeHe

The The Violin Violin Concerto Concerto No.No. 2 was 2 was hishis lastlast major major work. work.

Composed Composed forfor hishis friend, friend, Pawel Pawel Kochanski, Kochanski, who who assisted assisted with with thethe violin violin part, part, hishis work work was was premiered premiered in late in late 1933.

1933.

Kochanski Kochanski would would bebe dead dead within within a a few few months. months.

Szymanowski Szymanowski dedicated dedicated thethe work work to to hishis fallen fallen friend. friend.

It isIt cast is cast in four in four movements movements without without pause. pause.

This This colorful colorful work work is rooted is rooted in Goral in Goral folk folk music music with with emphasis emphasis onon thethe interval interval of of thethe minor minor third third and and close close dissonant dissonant harmony. harmony.

The The result result is brilliantly is brilliantly evocative evocative of of eastern eastern European European folk folk music music and and is reminiscent is reminiscent of of some some of of Bartok’s Bartok’s concerti. concerti.

Szymanowski’s Szymanowski’s first first movement movement begins begins with with a drone a drone coupled coupled with with anan undulating undulating figure figure in the in the clarinet clarinet part. part.

The The

Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 35

PROGRAM PROGRAMNOTES NOTES violin violin soloist soloist enters enters with with anan almost almost meditative meditative line line that that passes passes to to thethe upper upper register register and and then then recedes. recedes.

Aggressive Aggressive repeated repeated notes notes areare heard, heard, and and repeated repeated scales scales give give way way to to a faster a faster beginning beginning forfor thethe second second movement. movement.AnAn overwhelming overwhelming climax climax occurs occurs leaving leaving thethe orchestra orchestra alone alone to to present present a quixotic a quixotic series series of of passages. passages.

The The music music then then becomes becomes quieter quieter and and returns returns to to thethe opening opening material. material.

A cadenza, A cadenza, composed composed byby Kochanski, Kochanski, follows follows before before thethe Allargamente Allargamente third third movement movement begins begins with with a very a very ornate ornate solo solo line. line.

The The Goral Goral influence influence is quite is quite apparent apparent in in this this rhapsodic rhapsodic section, section, asas it isit in is in thethe finale. finale.This This final final movement movement is reminiscent is reminiscent of of thethe meditative meditative qualities qualities of of thethe opening, opening, butbut thethe soloist soloist hishis much much busier. busier.

Szymanowski Szymanowski writes writes broad broad and and expansive expansive gestures gestures coupled coupled with with violinistic violinistic virtuosity. virtuosity.This This concerto concerto culminates culminates in in anan overwhelming overwhelming climax. climax. ©2022 ©2022 Orpheus Orpheus Music Music Prose Prose & Craig & Craig Doolin Doolin www.orpheusnotes.com www.orpheusnotes.com

SYMPHONY SYMPHONYNO. NO.55ININ E-FLAT E-FLATMAJOR, MAJOR,OP. OP.82 82 Jean Jean Sibelius Sibelius Born Born December December 8, 8, 1865, 1865, in in Tavastehus, Tavastehus, Finland Finland Died Died September September 20,20, 1957, 1957, in in Järvenpää, Järvenpää, Finland Finland This This work work was was first first performed performed onon December December 8, 8, 1915, 1915, in in Helsinki Helsinki with with thethe composer composer conducting. conducting.It is It scored is scored forfor

two two flutes, flutes, two two oboes, oboes, two two clarinets, clarinets, two two bassoons, bassoons, four four horns, horns, three three trumpets, trumpets, three three trombones, trombones, timpani, timpani, and and strings. strings.

Jean Jean Sibelius Sibelius was was anan adult adult before before hehe decided decided to to concentrate concentrate onon a musical a musical career. career.Although Although hehe began began to to study study piano piano at at age age nine nine and and composition composition at at ten, ten, hishis first first intention intention was was to to become become a lawyer. a lawyer.

In In 1885 1885 hehe enrolled enrolled in in thethe University University of of Helsinki Helsinki to to study study law. law.Within Within a year, a year, however, however, hehe decided decided onon music music asas a a career career and and devoted devoted thethe rest rest of of hishis unusually unusually long long lifelife to to this this pursuit. pursuit.HeHe was was drawn drawn to to folklore, folklore, and and many many of of hishis numerous numerous works works forfor orchestra, orchestra, stage, stage, chamber chamber ensembles, ensembles, and and voice voice and and piano piano were were inspired inspired byby stories stories from from thethe Kalevala, Kalevala, thethe Finnish Finnish epic epic poem poem of of native native legends. legends.It isIt puzzling is puzzling that that such such a prolific a prolific composer composer abruptly abruptly abandoned abandoned hishis compositional compositional career career in in 1927 1927 to to livelive in in retirement, retirement, refusing refusing to to discuss discuss hishis music, music, until until hishis death death thirty thirty years years later later at at thethe age age of of 91.91.

Although Although hehe lived lived well well beyond beyond thethe middle middle of of thethe twentieth twentieth century, century, thethe spirit spirit of of Sibelius Sibelius belonged belonged to to thethe nineteenth. nineteenth.HisHis music music reflects reflects thethe two two great great driving driving forces forces of of hishis public public career career – he – he was was a a Romantic Romantic asas a composer a composer and and anan intense intense nationalist nationalist asas a citizen. a citizen.During During hishis early early years years asas a composer a composer hehe was was influenced influenced byby thethe styles styles of of Tchaikovsky Tchaikovsky and and Brahms.

Brahms.

Later Later hehe developed developed hishis own own characteristic characteristic style style butbut hehe remained remained Romantic Romantic in in spirit. spirit.

Sibelius Sibelius was was thethe authentic authentic voice voice of of Finland, Finland, notnot only only to to hishis countrymen countrymen butbut also also to to thethe world. world.Even Even hishis works works of of absolute absolute music, music, likelike thethe symphonies, symphonies, express express a combination a combination of of pastoral pastoral moods moods and and rare rare outbursts outbursts of of passionate passionate emotion emotion that that seem seem typical typical of of hishis native native land. land.

36 Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra

ByBy thethe time time hehe reached reached hishis forties, forties, Sibelius Sibelius was was a renowned a renowned composer composer at at thethe height height of of hishis fame. fame.

It was It was against against thisthis backdrop backdrop that that hehe composed composed hishis Fifth Fifth Symphony Symphony – a–project a project that that occupied occupied many many years years of of thethe composer’s composer’s life.life.

In In 1912, 1912, hehe began began to to sketch sketch some some ideas ideas forfor a a new new four-movement four-movement symphony symphony and and composed composed intermittently intermittently forfor thethe next next three three years, years, only only to to bebe interrupted interrupted byby hishis extensive extensive concert concert tour tour of of America America in 1914. in 1914.

Shortly Shortly after after hishis return return to to Finland, Finland, World World War War I had I had begun. begun.

ByBy thethe time time hehe completed completed thethe symphony symphony in the in the fallfall of of 1915, 1915, hostilities hostilities had had spread spread to to practically practically thethe entire entire continent, continent, except except Scandinavia.

Scandinavia.

December December 8 of 8 of that that year year marked marked Sibelius’s Sibelius’s fiftieth fiftieth birthday, birthday, which which was was celebrated celebrated in Helsinki in Helsinki byby a gala a gala concert concert conducted conducted byby thethe composer. composer.

Sibelius’s Sibelius’s Fifth Fifth Symphony Symphony was was given given its its premiere premiere at at that that event. event.

Although Although thethe audience audience was was pleased, pleased, thethe composer composer feltfelt that that thethe recent recent developments developments in Europe in Europe required required revision revision of of thethe work. work.

The The following following December, December, a second a second version version of of thethe symphony symphony received received its its first first hearing. hearing.

Now Now in ainthree-movement a three-movement form, form, thisthis revision revision combined combined thethe first first two two movements movements of of thethe original original version. version.

grow grow increasingly increasingly active. active.

AsAs thethe movement movement unfolds unfolds thethe musical musical texture texture builds builds and and becomes becomes noble noble and and triumphant. triumphant.

The The lastlast half half of of thethe movement movement uses uses parts parts of of Sibelius’s Sibelius’s scherzo scherzo from from thethe 1915 1915 version, version, adapted adapted here here to to seamlessly seamlessly join join thethe disparate disparate halves halves together together into into a coherent a coherent whole. whole.

The The second second movement movement is aiscombination a combination of of thethe traditional traditional legato legato slow slow movement movement and and a lively a lively theme theme and and variations. variations.

Throughout Throughout thethe movement movement is aisthin a thin fogfog of of woodwind woodwind chords, chords, butbut thethe variation variation subject subject is found is found in ainsimple, a simple, yetyet agitated agitated figure figure first first heard heard in the in the pizzicato pizzicato strings. strings.

At At thethe end, end, thethe woodwind woodwind chords chords areare heard heard in the in the strings. strings.

Sibelius Sibelius described described hishis finale finale as as having having grown grown from from a theme a theme hehe composed composed to to represent represent thethe graceful graceful flight flight of of a wedge a wedge of of swans swans over over hishis country country home home in in Finland.

Finland.

(This (This theme theme is immediately is immediately recognizable recognizable when when first first heard heard in the in the horn horn section.) section.)

However, However, it seems it seems implausible implausible that that thethe staunchly staunchly nationalistic nationalistic composer composer would would notnot have have reflected reflected thethe war war in this in this work. work.

AsAs thethe movement movement progresses progresses through through a contrasting a contrasting middle middle section, section, stormy stormy disparities disparities threaten threaten to to overtake overtake thethe texture. texture.

Finally, Finally, thethe swans swans (and (and Finland) triumph triumph over over opposing opposing forces forces StillStill notnot satisfied, satisfied, thethe composer composer resolved resolved Finland) with a grand a grand return return to to familiar familiar territory. territory.

It It to to revise revise thethe work work once once again. again.

However, However, with hishis work work was was interrupted interrupted when when thethe is important is important to to note note that that Finland Finland had had German German army army invaded invaded Järvenpää Järvenpää in 1918, in 1918, already already become become independent independent from from forcing forcing thethe family family to to seek seek shelter shelter in in Russia’s Russia’s governance governance onon December December 6, 6, Helsinki.

Helsinki.

After After returning returning home, home, hehe 1917 1917 – two – two days days before before Sibelius’s Sibelius’s completed completed thethe work work in 1919, in 1919, adding adding anan fifty-second fifty-second birthday. birthday.

Perhaps Perhaps thisthis entirely entirely new new lastlast movement movement butbut retaining retaining movement movement is aissymbolic a symbolic cutting cutting of of tiesties with with Russia Russia and and a celebration a celebration of of German German thethe three-movement three-movement structure. structure. defeat defeat in World in World War War I on I on November November 11, 11, Sibelius’s Sibelius’s Fifth Fifth Symphony Symphony begins begins with with a a 1918.

1918. mysterious mysterious whisper, whisper, which which is soon is soon joined joined ©2022 ©2022 Orpheus Orpheus Music Music Prose Prose & Craig & Craig Doolin Doolin byby plaintive plaintive figures figures in the in the woodwinds woodwinds that that www.orpheusnotes.com www.orpheusnotes.com Bravo! Official Magazine of the Maryland Symphony Orchestra 37

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FRIENDS FRIENDSOF OFTHE THESYMPHONY SYMPHONY The The following following includes includes individuals, individuals, businesses, businesses, foundations foundations and and organizations organizations that that contributed contributed to to the the MSO’s MSO’s Annual Annual Fund Fund Campaign Campaign oror made made other other contributions contributions during during the the MSO’s MSO’s 40th 40th Annual Annual Season Season (July (July 1, 2021 1, 2021 thru thru June June 30,30, 2022).

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