ProAgri Zambia 59

ProAg Pro Agri ri Z a m b i a

technology for the farmer

No 59

Free

Keep your hay together

with EF Thompson

Omnia's

GREENSULFâ„¢

pampers your crops

Meet the

Rainmaker

Advanced panel with internet control

FREE!*

*Order a new Agrico centre pivot with an Advanced control panel and get your Internet control subscription FREE for the first 24 months.

Contact details: Alfred Andrag | c: +27 82 824 1214 t: +27 21 950 4111 | f: +27 21 950 4208 | alfred.andrag@agrico.co.za

More than 100 years’ service

Sales and Service with branches across Southern Africa: Aliwal North | Bellville | Bethlehem | Bloemfontein | Brits | Caledon | Ceres | Christiana | Cradock | De Doorns | Douglas | Ermelo | George | Hartswater | Humansdorp Kakamas | Kimberley | Kokstad | Kroonstad | Lichtenburg | Lusaka | Mkushi | Nelspruit | Nigel | Nylstroom | Pietermaritzburg | Piketberg | Rawsonville | Tzaneen Upington | Vredendal | Wellington| Winterton

Letter from the Editor he time is ripe for Zambian farmers, big and small, to start generating biogas on their farms.

Farms are huge generators of biowaste, like animal dung, harvest residues, the odd rotten bale, a bad patch of silage, and vegetable and kitchen waste from the many family members and workers. There is no more need to regard this waste as a problem ‒ we can utilise it in a profitable manner, as well as for the greater good.

For large farms, sophisticated biogas systems are available to drive generators of 5 MW and upwards. As an added benefit, gas and organic fertiliser are generated to be applied where needed.

The solution for small farmers is much simpler and easier. A family, or group of households, basically need two big containers with a few alterations and connections. One tank is used as a digester, where all the waste is put in and allowed to rot. The other tank is connected to the first to collect all the gas under pressure. The generated gas can be transported to a biogas adapted stove. With an optimised system, two hours of cooking is possible on two kg of waste per day.

Once in a while, the solid waste, or slurry, can be collected from the bottom of the digester. This is a very rich source of fertiliser.

Biogas companies are actively developing and distributing small ready-touse units in Zambia and other developing countries. There is a significant cost involved, but it can be absorbed by a few families. Such systems will also pay for itself in a few years.

The beauty of these systems is that the reliance on wood to cook food drops significantly, which is a serious issue in this environmentally conscious age we live in. Cooking with gas on an adapted stove instead of an open fire

Content

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Cover

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You can leave all your irrigation doubts and needs in the professional hands of Reinke. They are more dependable than your next rain shower. Read more about their next level of structures and management systems on page 3.

ProAgri technology for the farmer

Z a m b i a

Nangwenya House No. 7352 Nangwenya Road Rhodespark +26 (0)97-769-9786 www.proagri.co.za Copyright © 2019. All rights r­ eserved. No m ­ aterial, text or p ­ hoto­graphs may be r­ eproduced, copied or in any other way t­ ransmitted without the written consent of the publisher. O ­ pinions ­expressed are not n ­ ecessarily those of the publisher or of the e ­ ditor. We recognise all trademarks and logos as the sole property of their r­ espective o ­ wners.

ProAgri shall not be liable for any errors or for any actions in reliance thereon.

Photo: homebiogas.com.

ProAgri Zambia

or makeshift drum is also safer, neater, and more manageable.

This year is rapidly speeding to an end, and we shall remember it as a period of confusion, chaos, and disaster for many. May we never experience this again.

Our final edition for 2020 contains many articles with useful content to occupy your mind in a positive way for a while.

Farm smartly!

Du Preez de Villiers dupreez@proagri.co.za

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3.

Produce profit on your pastures with Reinke Irrigation

5.

Ctrack support ensures client satisfaction

7.

Omnia: GREENSULF™: More than just an effective nitrogen source

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11.

EF Thomson: Tamanet gives real value to your bales

13.

Tal-Tec’s circular force pens: Turn farming into a breeze

15.

Let Tiger Animal Feeds build your business

17.

Novatek: Rainy season syndrome

18.

Create the perfect environment for your dairy cattle: Part 14

23.

Superior design, structure and quality makes Valley the obvious choice

24.

Irrigation made easy Part 9: Flood irrigation

27.

Orion Irresistible Pecans: Plant productive pecan nuts in Southern Africa

29.

PlantCatalyst: Deal with fertiliser shortage and increased costs: Part 2

30.

Turn your crops into condiments and seasonings Part 6.2: Ginger oil

ProAgri Zambia 59

Editor Du Preez de Villiers > +27 82-598-7329 dupreez@proagri.co.za Reporters Annemarie Bremner > +27 82-320-3642 annemarie@proagri.co.za Benine Ackermann > +27 73-105-6938 benine@proagri.co.za Jaco Cilliers > +27 71-893-6477 jaco@proagri.co.za Senior Production Manager: Zainab Pandor > +26 (0)97-769-9786 zainab@proagri.co.za Marketing Manager Diane Grobler > +27 82-555-6866 diane@proagri.co.za Marketing Xander Pieterse > +27 79-524-0934 xander@proagri.co.za Candice Rieger > +27 83-292-3150 candice@proagri.co.za Johan Swartz > +27 71-599-9417 johan@proagri.co.za Tiny Smith > +27 82-698-3353 tiny@proagri.co.za Anelda Strauss > +27 74-424-0055 anelda@proagri.co.za Gerhard Potgieter > +27 74-694-4422 gerhard@proagri.co.za Creative Director Christiaan Joubert > +27 72-419-3990 christiaan@proagri.co.za Design Michelle Kruger & Esta van Niekerk Enquiries Engela Botha > +27 12-803-0782 engela@proagri.co.za Accounts Ronel Schluter > +27 12-803-0782 accounts@proagri.co.za Business Manager George Grobler

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THE

RAINMAKER www.reinke.com

Patrick Ellis

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+27 (0)31 350 4525

patrickellis@reinke.com

ProAgri Zambia 59

Produce profit on your pastures with Reinke Irrigation

by Jaco Cilliers

Reinke was by far the better choice and I liked the sturdy structural design,” rrigation is the gateway to unlocksays Rennie. He uses the ReinCloud™ ing Africa’s agricultural potential.

Management system and his pivots are The Food and Agriculture Organisation powered by 45 kW motors equipped (FAO) published an article many years with variable speed drives. ago (1997) that estimated Africa to Rennie believes that four compohave the ability to increase agricultural nents on his pivots should be checked production by 50% simply by investing regularly: “If your tires are in good in irrigation systems. condition, the electrical components Reinke has answered Africa’s need are sealed watertight, the gearfor irrigation by investing in the conboxes are oiled, and the bearings tinent. The Reinke Depot situated in are greased, there is no reason why the South African port city of Durban something should break on the pivot. keeps enough stock to supply the conYour investment will last for decades to come, and pay itself tinent with superb many times over.” centre pivot irrigaRennie uses tion systems.

The technology that Reinke Their expert uses, from their structural water from the Limpopo river to staff members materials and design to the irrigate his crops. travel wherever electronic management “Because the river they are needed, water contains and even dursystems, is simply in a high quantities of ing the COVID-19 class of its own. debris, we filter it travel restrictions, before it is pumped were able to assist through the pivot. I clean filters and technicians in various African countries check for blockages on the sprinklers remotely. on a regular basis,” Rennie explains.

Rennie de Wet owns the farm KwalaLawrence van der Westhuizen is the ta in the Tuli Block of Botswana where irrigation expert at Pula Dynamic, the he produces lucerne pastures for the Reinke agent for Botswana. Lawrence game on his farm. Rennie installed the says that Reinke South Africa provides first Reinke pivots in Botswana on his excellent support to their agents in farm in 2017. He erected three 30-hecother countries. “Our technician went tare pivots. to the Reinke depot in Durban for train“We decided to buy Reinke pivots ing on how to properly erect a Reinke after comparing price, quality, parts pivot. Apart from this we have an exavailability, and agents in our area.

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One of the three 30-hectare pivots that make a vast difference on Rennie de Wet’s farm, Kwalata, in the Tuli Block of Botswana.

Rennie de Wet uses his Reinke 5-tower pivots to irrigate pastures on his game farm. cellent relationship with Patrick, Jaco, and Paul, and they are always available to help us if we have a problem or a question,” says Lawrence.

Pula Dynamic started their relationship with Reinke in 2017. Lawrence explains why they wanted to be an agent solely for Reinke: “The technology that Reinke uses, from their structural materials and design to the electronic management systems, is simply in a class of its own,” says Lawrence.

Lawrence and Rennie are both very satisfied with the after sales service that the team from Reinke in South Africa provides. “I can contact them directly, and Jaco Scheepers, the Reinke engineer in Durban, is always available to talk me through any process over the phone,” says Rennie.

Centre pivots are a relatively new sight in Botswana. Rennie and Lawrence are doing their part to introduce irrigation systems to the farmers of Botswana. “Many people visited the farm to look at the pivots and to find out how they work,” says Rennie.

“People are often sceptical due to the initial capital investment, but once they see the difference that a Reinke pivot makes to a farm’s production, they are convinced,” Lawrence added.

Reinke Irrigation provides a unique solution to suit the needs of every farmer. They can provide any size pivot from a single tower, engine-driven mini pivot ideal for remote locations with unreliable electricity supply, to multi towered models for vast fields. Contact Patrick Ellis, Director of Reinke South Africa, on +27(0)31-350-4525 for any further enquiries, or send an e-mail to patrickellis@reinke.com.

ProAgri Zambia 59

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Always Visible

Agri Solutions Ctrack’s tracking solutions help farmers save on costs and improve performance through better planning and decision making regardless of crop type, farm or fleet size. By providing critical information about your equipment, you can efficiently

manage your assets, time and money investment. Our suite of GPS tracking devices are built for the often rough and remote conditions in South Africa so you can rest assured that your agricultural equipment will always be properly monitored.

Features: Machine usage (operating hours)

Real-time alert (geo zones)

Pattern of use (direction when used)

Potential asset theft or tampering alerts

www.ctrack.co.za | sales@ctrack.co.za | Call Centre: +27 (0)860 333 444 4

ProAgri Zambia 59

Ctrack support ensures Client satisfaction C

lients benefit from the best possible services from Ctrack’s Central Support Centre in our Bureau, Fleet and Technical Support divisions because the Centre is split into smaller departments.

Ctrack’s Bureau Service is the full outsourcing of fleet control room activities, backed by highly proficient hindsight, insight and foresight data analytics and reporting.

Dedicated fleet controllers meticulously monitor vehicle movements, incidents, alerts and alarms from our 24/7 Central Support Centre and provide real-time support to optimise fleet operations.

Our highly experienced fleet consultants analyse and interpret vehicle data to provide the insights and actions needed for future cost reductions and operational improvements. By outsourcing these tasks, you save on cost and can focus on your core business.

Bureau agents are skilled in investigating and interpreting alarms or the combination of alarms to act swiftly.

They are able to distinguish between primary and secondary alarms for enhanced client safety.

Regular training ensures you receive the best possible service and response times. Empowered with knowledge, our agents respond appropriately to recovery activations or medical emergencies.

Strict security measures are also in place. We do not give out personal information to anyone and our clients’ movements and personal information are always secured.

Furthermore, Ctrack employees are subject to regular security screening to ensure that your assets and personal safety are never compromised. Our agents are also subject to daily, weekly and monthly quality checks.

We have mastered the art of reducing risks, through accurate alarm monitoring and quick recovery response, nationally and across borders. There is always direct and continuous feedback between Ctrack agents, recovery teams and you, the client.

The bureau service can be adapted to suit the operational needs of each client and is supported by a thorough service level agreement.

Ctrack Fleet Ctrack Fleet includes 24/7/365 fleet monitoring, emergency response and the provision of panic and tamper alarms. We monitor driver behaviour and fuel consumption and optimise travel routes. We also provide vehicle immobilisation, stolen vehicle services and bodyguard/vehicle escorting services.

Ctrack Fleet is designed to ensure continued uptime, client support and assistance while taking full advantage of the Ctrack Fleet Management solution.

Ctrack Fleet provides weekly reports indicating vehicles that are active, non-active or due for repairs. Weekly contact is made with our client control room to confirm necessary installations, maintenance and repairs. The nearest Ctrack branch is then contacted to ensure bookings are assigned and completed where applicable.

With dedicated fleet controllers for your entire fleet, we perform daily health checks and incorporate fleet management software and rich fleet analytics in Ctrack Fleet.

Ctrack Technical Support Ctrack Technical Support consists of dedicated staff who are responsible for vehicle and driver setups and the creation of vehicle profiles and busi-

ProAgri Zambia 59

ness groups. This team creates cost centres, performs unit testing, schedules reports and sets up and manages message forwarding.

In addition, Ctrack Technical Support provides software usernames and passwords, handles technical and software queries, sets up points of interest, geozones, waypoints and no-go areas with appropriate alarms.

By utilising the best software available, combined with a fall-back system in case of GPS signal jamming, we are able to give total peace of mind.

Since we actively monitor rollover and severe G-forces, our agents are able to determine when an accident occurs before dispatching emergency services, should you be unable to.

And because Ctrack has 24/7/365 access to EVAC24, our clients can rest assured that all it takes is a phone call to dispatch the closest ambulance and have your employee taken to the most appropriate hospital for treatment.

Ctrack’s Central Support Centre means your most precious assets remain Always Visible!

Visit www.ctrack.co.za to find your closest representative.

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GENUINE BALING PERFORMANCE FOR GENUINE FARMERS

CONTACT YOUR LOCAL JOHN DEERE DEALER FOR MORE DETAILS 6

ProAgri Zambia 59

Omnia GREENSULF™: More than just an effective nitrogen source

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any articles have been written to compare the effectiveness of ammonium nitrate and urea – each one emphasising a specific sales argument.

In any case, the advantages of the nitrate form of nitrogen must be highlighted, for example minimum volatilisation; stimulation of cation uptake; reduced acidification as a result of higher efficiency; increase in water use efficiency and more.

The risks associated with the use of reduced nitrogen sources such as urea and ammonium also remain a fact and cannot be ignored. These risks include volatilisation loss, ammonia and ammonium toxicity and suppression of photosynthesis.

Environmental factors Recent research also confirmed that nitrate improves water use efficiency and protects plants against heat and cold stress. The efficiency per unit nitrogen and water becomes more and more important, especially if additional environmental factors are considered.

GREENSULF™ 35 One of Omnia’s key products is a

unique form of ammonium nitrate in a chemically granulated fertiliser, which also contains crucial secondary nutrients in an immediately available plant form. GREENSULF 35 contains 26% nitrogen as ammonium nitrate.

Apart from the many listed benefits of nitrate, the product also offers other benefits, due to the presence of a significant and registered content of calcium (5%) and sulphur (4%).

Proven advantages Omnia has done extensive research on the advantages of nitrate bearing fertiliser and found that ammonium nitrate on average outperforms urea by 20% per unit nitrogen administered, where meaningful nitrogen response is obtained.

Research done by other institutions confirmed that nitrate or LAN performs on average between 26% and 40% better than urea per unit nitrogen, if it is for example top-dressed close to the economic optimum level for small grain or maize production.

Omnia found that ammonium nitrate on average outperforms urea by 20% per unit nitrogen administered.

Many positive research results have been achieved with GREENSULF 35 on various crops, as it addresses more than just nitrogen nutrition. Interesting examples are the improvement of palatability and increase in protein content of 2%. Also, an essential and significant increase in yield of sunflower of more than 230 kg per hectare was achieved in sandy soil in international trials, where GREENSULF 35, coated with boron and molybdenum, was top-dressed.

GREENSULF 35 is truly a unique chemically granulated ammonium nitrate source, which offers much more than a most effective nitrogen fertiliser.

GREENSULF 35 contains 26% nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate.

ProAgri Zambia 59

Your crops deserve the best when it comes to crucial nutritional elements.

Contact Moomba Nang’amba on +26(0)97-742-1311 or Phidelis Mubagwe on +26(0)97-726-8404 for more information.

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AFGRI Equipment Sales Hotline Wholegoods Mobile +26 (0) 76 217 2412 Email sales@afgri.com.zm Offer valid until 30 November 2020 8

ProAgri Zambia 59

NERIA’S INVESTMENTS LTD LEADERS IN AGRO COMMODITY TRADING THE MOST AFFORDABLE P R I C E S O F CO M P O U N D D A N D U R E A I N T H E CO U N T R Y

Saturnia House, Opp. Ndeke Hotel Longacre’s Tel: +260 211 244 505/6

E-mail: info@neriainvestments.com

ProAgri Zambia 59

www.neriainvestments.com

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Freight Innovations: Expect dramatic changes in the logistics industry

by Delia Cooney from Freight Innovations

is said to be 2,9% down from 4,5%, it is unlikely that this refers to food inflation, which undergoes significant price fluctuations.

This is directly linked to the fuel price as this is regularly amended in the form of a fuel surcharge. It has been stated in the media that the costs are also influenced by crime, as reports indicate that huge fraud The professional team at Freight Innovations comes takes place in with quick action and expertise. They are Hayley transport compaSmith, Account Manager; Delia Cooney, National nies due to diesel Sales Manager and Robertha Jass, Directors Assistheft. tant.

Not only is the economy under duress from the effects onducting business in the world of Covid-19, but the use of petroleum post Covid-19 has proven to be has also lessened and with the advent extremely difficult and South Africa is of the Teslas in the world, the future no exception. Consumer buying patmay hold financial difficulties for the terns have changed the landscape with oil producing countries. With artificial lessened discretionary income. Due intelligence at the forefront of develto businesspeople working from home opment, this may affect farming by and the resultant lifestyle changes, reducing the reliance on labour and cosmetic products are moving off the expediting mechanisation, influenshelves a lot slower. Appliances including television sets and various kitchen cing job creation. This should have a domino effect and reduce the costs of accessories are being purchased online farming, which should reduce the end as shoppers avoid malls, increasing price for the consumer. Whilst climate pressure on logistics and last mile change continues to dominate, polludeliveries. With Amazon expanding its tion has escalated and non-compliance footprint in South Africa and Takealots’ expansion, opportunities for cost-effec- by municipalities has escalated sewerage disposal, which has resulted in raw tive deals for consumers are prevalent, effluent contaminating drinking water, shifting the emphasis to lower costs rivers and dams. Undoubtedly, this will and rental overheads. further impact the economy.

This will have a domino effect. Many Whilst medical costs are relatively malls have lost rental income and with stable, hospital shares reflect a much the new regulation regarding anchor lower return as preparation for the tenants being unlawful at a subsidised pandemic did not result in hospitals rental, the scene is set for a transibeing utilised – it had the opposite tion in property portfolios. Consumer effect. Although the role of doctors’ trends include grocery shopping online practices, which included surgical and and fast delivery from most supermartheatre facilities increased in imporket chains, minimising the potential tance as this offered operating services, of promoting product sales through hospitals were reserved or limited due optimum displays and merchandising. to Covid-19.

This also prevents impulse buys which The cost of would usually be a reliable source of doing business in turnover.

South Africa has Some industries have shed embecome more ployment which is likely never to be complex with recreated, with tourism, restaurants, the prolonged curios and beauty treatments being attacks on truck the most affected. Although inflation

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drivers and hijackings. Once extrapolated, this have resulted in increased costs for most products and with the cost of insurance rising, the consumer will foot the bill for crime yet again. Insurance companies are hiking premiums and including exclusions as well as increasing excesses in a bid to cut costs as crime increases. The pandemic resulted in the wide distribution of highly valuable personal protective equipment, which became the target of organised crime and hijackings. This type of cargo is currently virtually uninsurable and tutelage depends on the supplier, again impacting the cost of doing business as well as the product.

Online tutorship has increased, lowering the use of vehicles and subsequently affecting the motor industry.

With large corporates making factory production of tyres redundant, smaller players are entering the market to supply stock, directly influencing job cuts and increasing the role of logistics in the logistics value chain. Pressure on Cape Town Port has lessened due to the pandemic and ships being unable to travel. Much of the sea freight cargo appears to be routed via Durban Port which has improved service levels after a long battle with service failures and delays.

The continuation of stable food supplies in South Africa to supply the domestic markets, as well as neighbouring countries remain under pressure due to a variety of factors, which include the ongoing drought in certain areas, political uncertainty, unrest and trucks being continually attacked, which has had an impact on transit times due to trucks only being able to travel during the daylight hours.

With huge challenges in the food supply, less purchasing power due to job losses could affect sales. The resulting economic downturn would be lower prices and the ultimate creation of employment in the long run. South Africa is once again the financial leader in the continent. Nigeria fell back after the country surpassed the South African economy in recent years. The Nigerian gross domestic profit contracted by 6,1% in the second quarter of 2020.

The stage is set for interesting developments on the continent, with logistics playing a pivotal role in growing the economy.

Freight Innovations will fight the fight alongside you in these tough times. Visit them at www.freight-innovations.co.za and click on the red instant quote box to quickly get a price to send anything anywhere.

Contact +27(0)86-177-7913 or e-mail agri@freight-innovations.co.za or www.freight-innovations.co.za for more information.

ProAgri Zambia 59

Tamanet gives real value to your bales M

aking a round bale is, in essence, making food or a bed for your animals. The better the bale is protected, the lower the crop loss, making each bale go further when finally used, and therefore providing a greater return in value. Tamanet Netwrap provides you with real value.

Everyone makes a bad bale now and again, but what does it actually mean to you and, more importantly, to your business?

When netwrap took over from fine twine for binding round bales, the higher quality of the bales being made became obvious. Quality in this respect was the protection the netwrap was able to provide to the valuable crop within. This was in contrast to the inability of twine to do anything more than hold the bale together.

Round bales do provide a certain amount of weather protection by themselves, due to the roof-effect of

Now that netwrap is the recognised way of binding round bales, it has become easy to spot those that have been badly wrapped. This may be a result of incorrect baler set-up or, more likely, that the chosen netwrap is not able to fully cover the bale.

Whatever the reason, the result is bad for the baler operator, especially so if baling for a customer on contract, but also bad from the point of retaining the value of the baled material. This latter point is, surely, the most important as this is why you make the bale in the first place.

Consider this: Exposed edges of 10 cm each side means 15% of the bale width is not covered. Therefore, the netwrap is only doing 85% of its job!

This is the equivalent of three bales in every 20 not being protected at all, which is quite an alarming statistic.

Larger diameter bales are even more critical, as the greater bale circumference puts more of the total crop volume at risk. The diagram below is a stark reminder of how much crop is contained in the outer layer of a bale.

33% in the outer 15 cm 26% in the next 15 cm 20% in the next 15 cm 13% in the next 15 cm 8% in the inner 15 cm the crop stems being layered over and flattened against themselves, all in the same direction, almost like a thatch roof. Netwrap further enhances protection from rain of course, first by surface area covering and also from capillary action of water tracking down the strands of netwrap on the bale.

This is equally important, or even more so, in silage baling. After all these years the myth remains that ‘any net will do for silage baling’, thinking that it is not necessary for the net to fully cover the bale for silage, because it will eventually be wrapped in film giving it the protection. This is completely incorrect.

Good fermentation comes from eliminating all the air from the bale.

Any uncovered parts of the bale width will create fluffy shoulders on the bale.

These become a natural ‘trap’, collecting air within as the crop is folded down by the wrapping film. Added to this is the risk that the exposed shoulders may contain tough stalks or stemmy material that can easily puncture the film, allowing yet more air inside the bale.

ProAgri Zambia 59

“Minimising losses is key to ensuring home grown supplies last the winter and achieve the livestock performance producers are looking for,” says Research Scientist and forage specialist, Rhun Fychan, of the Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS) at Aberystwyth.

The remedy is simple: “Make the best silage you can,” he urges. “But even that needs to be done well to achieve the best results. Using edgeto-edge netwrap to achieve a consistently shaped bale, with square, edged shoulders is vital to achieving both the tonnage and quality of forage desired.”

Mould growth leads to spoiled forage, less nutritional value per bale and ultimately the need for more bales to see you through the winter.

In the quest to make the highest quality winter forage, the choice of a good netwrap is as important as any other element in the process. Longer length rolls bring about efficiency in operation, but the actual quality of performance of the netwrap is the most important factor. Many netwraps look alike when packaged and on the pallet. It is impossible to know how good they are at protecting your valuable forage until you begin to use it … and by then it may be too late. With Tamanet you know you get the best quality – every time.

Contact Ernest Thompson at +27 83-286-4147, +27(0)22482-2788 or ernest@eft.za.net.

Also visit www.eftproducts. co.za for more information.

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a UNITURTLE enterprise...

Cell: 0974 990928 / 0973 142990 Fax: 0211287528/0211 287611 Email: infolime@uniturtle.com

Chivuna, Mazabuka Tel: 03 233069

Plot 12913, Mumbwa Road Tel: 286057 / 286064 / 286258

Also available: Stock Feed lime & Stock Feed Grit

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Lime Your Fields, Get Better Yields

Get better Yields: Using Turtle Agri-Lime!

FOR EACH TON OF FERTILISER, THE SOIL NEEDS ONE TON OF LIME

ProAgri Zambia 59

Tal-Tec’s circular force pens:

Turn farming into a breeze Tal-Tec’s Circular Force Pen designs are simple to understand, user friendly and easy to move.

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ny task becomes pleasant and hassle-free when you use the right equipment. Livestock farming can be a very tough and demotivating career when the animals are stubborn and wild. It is therefore even more important to use the right equipment for every job. That is why Tal-Tec is there to help farmers with the best equipment, to get the job done in no time.

The Cattle Circular Force Pen and the Sheep Circular Force Pen are both top sellers and have made many a farmer’s life easier. With this equipment and many more available at Tal-Tec, farmers need minimum labour when working with their livestock.

The Tal-Tec Circular Force Pens help the farmer to channel livestock through a crush, ensuring an easy handling experience.

This unit can be disassembled and moved to another farm, as it is only the centre pole that needs to be planted into the ground. The rest of the components are bolted together to form the perfect handling facility that is strong and durable.

The animals are simply driven into the circle part of the unit, and once it is full, you push the gate forward to force them into the crush section.

A brake mounted on the forcing gate prevents the animals from reversing

and pushing the gate backwards. Once all the animals are in the crush section, the gate can be opened again to let the next batch of animals in.

Cattle Circular Force Pen The Tal-Tec Cattle Circular Force Pen is eight metres in diameter and the circle section can handle up to 30 head of cattle at a time. The Circular Force Pen has four rounded segments made out of round tube to form a half-moon. The forcing gate can swing 360 degrees, which will allow you to push the gate forward instead of backwards to insert in the next batch of animals.

Sheep Circular Force Pen The Sheep Circular Force Pen has a diameter of 6,2 metres and can handle up to 50 sheep at a time. The solid gates prevent the sheep from being distracted or intimidated by their surroundings. This allows them to simply follow the sheep in front of them. The forcing gate gets pulled back to open the circle section for the next batch of sheep to be let in.

Since your herd will grow larger or your needs will change, Tal-Tec’s modular design will always allow you to add equipment, components, or sections to your existing layout, like a scale, loading ramp, spray-race or clamp. All these items are moveable and easy to assemble.

Do not suffer from sleepless nights worrying about working with your livestock. Buy Tal-Tec today, work tomorrow and sleep at night. Contact Tal-Tec at +27(0)12-250-2188 or +27(0)66-299-7939 or sales@taltec.co.za. Visit their website at www.tal-tec.co.za for more information.

Minimum labour is required to operate the Cattle Circular Force Pen from Tal-Tec.

The solid walls of the Sheep Circular Force Pen will prevent the animals from being distracted or startled by frightening elements.

ProAgri Zambia 59

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Less Feed − More Meat

TEL: +260 967 855495 / +260 977 1250 E-MAIL:

Jessy.Tembo@tigerfeeds.com.zm 14

ProAgri Zambia 59

Let Tiger Animal Feeds build your business “You’ve got to give yourself the freedom to dream, to use your imagination to see and feel what does not yet exist. A vision is not the same as goals or objectives; those come from the head. A vision comes from the heart.” – John Graham

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very business must have one or more owners whose primary role is to develop a vision into business. The farmer needs to rely on Tiger Animal Feeds as a supplier of products and services, to successfully achieve that vision.

When Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created Apple Computers in Jobs’s family garage, the product was the Apple computer and the company’s founders hoped to sell their computers to customers for more than the cost of making and marketing them.

Here is a success story of our young and vibrate customer from Petauke District in Eastern Province: Davison Mbewe, aged 20, of Chikalaba Village, is determined to empower himself through broiler business, with the guidance of Tiger Animal Feeds.

Idah Muwowo, Depot Assistant at Petauke depot, and Davison Mbewe with bags of Tiger chicken feed in the shop.

Davison was advised to use Classic Broiler Feed, which is specially designed for farmers who produce broilers between five to six weeks of age for the live market. The rations in this range include a coccidiostat and a growth promoter, but no animal by-products or hormones.

In June 2020, Davison visited the Tiger Animal Feeds Petauke Depot to acquire more knowledge on broiler management, and bought 100 broiler chicks. Regardless of a poor pen structure, he was determined to face the challenges of poultry farming.

Classic Broiler Feed is divided into three different rations, for the three critical growth stages, which Davison followed very strictly: • Classic Broiler Starter Crumbles Feed from day old to 18 days of age. The approximate feed consumption is 800 g per bird.

Crumbles are fed for faster growth and better feed conversion.

• Classic Broiler Grower Pellets - The Grower ration should be fed to broilers from 19 to 28 days of age.

The approximate feed consumption should be 1,2 kg per bird.

• Classic Broiler Finisher Pellet – The Finisher ration should be fed from 29 to 42 days. The approximate feed consumption should be 1,4 kg per bird for the period.

Tiger Animal Feeds’ Petauke Depot.

Through the technical training offered

by Tiger Animal Feeds, Davison was able to grow broilers successfully. His end mortality rate was at 2%, and final weights were 2,4 kgs at 6 weeks of age. He used dry leaves as litter, which worked very well.

Tiger Animal Feeds offers technical skills, including training from specialised experts in a specific field, to enable the farmer to apply knowledge for better results. Tiger Animal Feeds and Tiger Chicks are committed to ensure better results on livestock management.

Davison Mbewe is a determined young farmer.

The Tiger Animal Feeds technical team conducts training to equip livestock farmers with good management skills.

ProAgri Zambia 59

Davison’s chicken pen.

Every business has challenges.

Davison also faced challenges in his broiler production. The most challenging factors were ventilation and temperature control. Despite the challenges he had faced, Davison dedicated his efforts and resources to produce quality broilers for the market.

Vision Davison is driven by his passion for broiler production and his business dreams. They are reflected through real efforts from Tiger Animal Feeds, which created real results. As of December 2020, Davison increased his broiler placement from 100 to 250 chicks. His vision is to increase his broiler production to 2 000, where he will be able to supply to chain stores and restaurants. Tiger Animal Feeds also offers free technical services to improve his production.

Team Tiger is committed to make sure customer visions and dreams become a reality.

Contact Given Hamanungu on +260-97-540-3834 or +260-96-7933658, or givenhams@gmail.com for more information on starting your own broiler production venture.

15

16

ProAgri Zambia 59

Novatek: Rainy season syndrome

by Wiehan Visagie

B

roiler farmers in Africa will agree that the constant change in weather conditions affects farm production. As the continent’s climate transforms, it alters rainfall patterns, the ambient temperature, and even the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Broiler farming depends on suitable climatic conditions such as humidity and temperature. However, over time the industry has developed a hybrid bird that has been intensively selected for rapid growth and high feed conversion efficiency. With their higher metabolic activity, these birds produce more body heat and consequently require more attention on broiler farms.

These hybrid birds are very sensitive to sudden changes in temperature and humidity, especially if either exceeds a certain range. Growing broilers will respond to excessively high temperature

and humidity with increased heat dissipation by means of panting and a higher respiratory rate than we normally observe. Farmers in Zambia are experiencing such problems. Each year, from October to February, most broiler outgrowers suffer from poor growth, low feed intake, wet droppings, and dysbacteriosis. These inferior performance sends most of us on a hunt for answers, and we normally end up empty-handed.

From the latest research published by The Journal of Avian Pathology, it is clear that heat stress can cause bacterial diseases in the lower gut of broilers.

The researchers, Tsiouris et al (2018), used a sample of 240 broiler chicks to test their hypothesis. They subjected each group of broiler birds to one of four treatments. The first group was a negative control, conducted at 25 degrees Celsius, which is below the heat stress

threshold for broiler birds. The second group was subjected to cyclic acute heat stress at 35 degrees Celsius (in theory, challenging the birds on maintaining feed intake as well as their gut health). The third group was exposed to a bacterium, and the fourth group was subjected to heat stress as well as exposure to a bacterium.

The intestines and gizzards were later collected from each bird and inspected and scored for gross lesions. The researchers also collected intestinal digesta to determine its pH and viscosity.

When they analysed the results, they could not prove that the lesions in the intestines and gizzards were directly related to the bacterial disease in the birds in the third and fourth groups above. However, they did establish that heat stress had induced necrotic enteritis outbreaks in the second, third, and fourth groups.

At Novatek Animal Feeds we refer to this occurrence as ‘rainy season syndrome’ as so many broiler farmers struggle with performance during the rainy season in Zambia. The high humidity and extreme heat induce suffering, and the birds struggle to consume the right amount of feed. Eventually we discover wet litter and identify dysbacteriosis.

The frequency of this occurrence, taken together with the above-mentioned study, provides evidence that cyclic acute heat stress is an environmental stressor which can significantly affect gut health. It should therefore be taken into account in warmer areas of Africa, where poultry farming is becoming a major industry.

You may contact Wiehan Visagie at wiehanv@novatek.co.zm or Marné Meyer at nutritionist@novatek.co.zm for any information on feeding and feeds.

ProAgri Zambia 59

17

Create the perfect environment for your dairy cattle: Part 14

Milking machine systems M

ilk is a very sensitive product and can get stale and smelly within a very short time. Bad milk will be rejected by the buyer and cause serious financial losses. Milk should be treated in a very hygienic environment and the right products and accessories used to contain or handle milk should be chosen with care. Therefore, milk containers are strictly regulated.

The following regulations concerning milk containers and milking machines are widely accepted in the industry: A milk container: • may not be entirely or partly manufactured of copper or an alloy of any toxic material • must be smoothly finished and be without any open seams, cracks or rust stains • must be manufactured in such a way that all levels in contact with milk are reachable for washing and disinfecting purposes • may not be used for any other purpose than for the handling of milk A milking machine must: • be manufactured in such a way that the vacuum pipe of the machine can be drained to remove all the moisture from it • be equipped with a mechanism by means of which the milk-flow from every milk animal is visible • comply with the sub-regulations regarding milk containers above

18

A mass farm milk tank: • must have a direct run-off drop to the outlet point • must be equipped with an outlet pipe, manufactured and connected so that all moisture can run out of the tank, and the end of the outlet pipe must be provided with screw thread on which a screw top fits with which the end can be blocked • must be equipped with a stirring device that can mix all the milk in the tank within five minutes after setting it in operation • must be equipped with a thermometer that can indicate the temperature of the milk in such a tank to the nearest 2° C • must be equipped to cool the milk to 5° C or lower in the tank within 3 hours and to keep the cooled milk at a temperature of between 1° C and 5° C • may not be installed closer than 0,5 m to a roof, ceiling or wall • must be insulated so that when cooling does not take place, the temperature of the milk in the tank will increase by no more than 3° C when the ambient temperature is 32° C • must comply with the sub-regulation regarding milk containers A milk tanker must: • be installed with a run-off slope to the outlet pipe, so that the entire contents of the tank can drain from the outlet pipe while the vehi-

A milk tanker. cle is in a horizontal position be insulated so that the temperature of the milk in the tank will rise by no more than 2° C each 48 hours have at least one opening with a dust-tight lid through which the inside of the tank can be inspected and must be so equipped that all surfaces that come into contact with milk can be washed and disinfected comply with the sub-regulation regarding milk containers

•

•

•

All apparatus used for heat treatment of milk must be provided with thermometers and thermostats which are accurate over the entire designated scale sequence to 0,5° C. In addition, mechanical temperature and time regulators must have a flow regulator valve and a flow diversion valve that automatically feeds back the milk to the balancing tank. The milk flowing

ProAgri Zambia 59

Figure 1: Schematic presentation of a milking machine system. back should not be subjected to heat treatment.

Milk containers and other loose and fixed apparatus and equipment must be washed and disinfected after use until clean, so that fats and milk residues are dissolved and removed and that the bacteriological count on the surface that comes into contact with milk does not exceed 10 bacteria per 100 mm2 of such a surface.

Components of a general milking machine system A milking machine system is composed of various components as seen in Figure 1.

Vacuum pump Milk is extracted from the cow’s teats by a sucking action. The reduced pressure or sucking is obtained with the aid of a vacuum pump, which is constantly removing air from the sealed milking machine system.

Teat heads and teat shields The sucking action is applied to the teats by means of sturdy teat heads, which envelop the elastic teat sheaths.

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Setup of the pipelines in a milking parlour.

ProAgri Zambia 59

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19

the cows. This valve keeps the prevailing vacuum level in the milking machine system constant on a fixed safe value.

Vacuum meter The prevailing vacuum level in the system is indicated on the meter. Any variations or shortages in the system’s main vacuum supply can be observed on the meter. The correct operation of the meter is of utmost importance.

Vacuum tank It serves as protection for the vacuum pump against the inlet of liquids such as milk, condensed water vapour or cleaning agents. It also serves as storage for a reserve vacuum and as a shock breaker against vacuum variations in the overhead vacuum supply.

Figure 2: Presentation of milking and resting phases within the teat head. milk tubes, together with the coupling and milk tube forms the milking unit.

The milking unit.

The teat sheaths empty the milk on the underside in four milk tubes through which the milk is discharged.

Coupling The four milk tubes are collected at the coupling, from where the milk is transported in a thicker milk tube to weighing bottles or a main milk tube.

Some couplings are provided with a valve with which the vacuum on the teats can be closed after milking.

Milking unit The four teat heads, teat sheaths and 20

Pulsator Continuous suction on the teats would obstruct the blood circulation in the teats, resulting in irritation and injury.

To prevent this, the suction effect must be interrupted periodically.

The pulsator effects this action. The pulsator interrupts the vacuum effect by letting in air between the teat head and the teat sheath. This causes the distinctive rhythmical action of the milking machine, whereby blood circulation is stimulated in the teat walls. Figure 2 clearly shows the effect of the pulsator on the teat sheath and how the milk phase (vacuum) and the rest phase (air pressure) develop within the teat head.

Vacuum control valve Conventional vacuum pumps (rotor and suction types) can reach a vacuum level much higher than what is safe for

Separator The separator pumps the milk from the vacuum to atmospheric pressure. With most modern systems, this separator consists of glass bottles and a pneumatic or electrical milk pump, which also forms the power source of the circulation purifying system.

Moisture trap This container is placed directly adjacent to the separator and forms an interposition between the main vacuum supply and the separator. Its function is to prevent condensed milk vapours from dripping from the vacuum line to the separator and contaminating the milk.

Pipelines Extended pipelines of different materials are applied for the distribution of the vacuum to all user points, for the transport of milk to the separator, for the circulation of cleaning agents and for the provision of fresh water to the various milking points.

Next month we shall look at factors that influence the efficiency of milking machine systems. Published with acknowledgement to the ARC Agricultural Engineering for the use of their manuals. Visit www.arc. agric.za for more information.

ProAgri Zambia 59

ProAgri Zambia 59

21

DON’T REPLACE, RE-PIPE DURABLE PRODUCT AND SUPERIOR SERVICE FROM VALLEY

Zambia

22

Marius Tolken

+27 79 506 3400

marius.tolken@valmont .com

André van Wyk

+260 978 772 550

andre@irritechzm.co.zm

ProAgri Zambia 59

Pivot irrigation:

Superior design, structure and quality makes Valley the obvious choice

by Jaco Cilliers

T

he best way of protecting your farm against the risk of drought is investment in irrigation technology. A centre pivot irrigation system from Valley Irrigation will allow you to guarantee your harvests year after year without fail. It will also enable you to plant both winter and summer crops and have two harvest seasons every year, doubling your annual income.

Frik Vreken from Vreken Boerdery near Dundee chose to partner with Valley Irrigation twenty years ago when he bought a second-hand Valley pivot. This particular pivot, now 37 years old, still works and looks as good as ever after generating an income that allowed Frik to acquire no less than 20 additional Valley pivots over the years. “If you look at the bow and truss rods, they are still in perfect condition after 37 years,” he points out.

Frik is not only a farmer, but he is also an irrigation expert with more than 25 years of experience. “After I concluded my studies in 1990, I worked for the Department of Agriculture in Silverton where I conducted research on irrigation systems in use on South African farms. Valley was simply a cut above the rest due to their superior design, structure and quality,” says

Frik Vreken farms near Dundee and is an irrigation expert with more than 25 years of experience.

Frik. One of the things he likes about Valley is that they manufacture their own gearboxes specifically designed for pivot application, and carrying a fiveyear guarantee.

Frik is in the process of replacing all his older pivot management systems with the new Valley Icon 5 management system. “The Icon 5 enables me to control all my pivots remotely with my cell phone, no matter where I am in the world. This especially helps me when I need to restart the pivots after load shedding.” The Icon 5 is user friendly and saves a lot of time by allowing the farmer to control pivots remotely. There is no need to travel to every pivot on the farm to start or program them. All the pivot functions are accessed through the app on your smart phone.

Apart from excellent quality and design, Valley also back their products with excellent service. Frik’s local Valley agency, Spilkon Besproeiing, stocks all the important spare parts that you may need to service and restore

The Valley Icon 5 management system allows Frik to control his centre pivots from anywhere in the world using his smart phone. Frik is systematically replacing all the older management boxes with the Icon 5 version.

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your pivot. “If the farmer cannot fix the problem himself, there are three trained Valley technicians ready and eager assist you,” Frik says. Valley agents are not just sales representatives.

Pivots are expensive equipment.

Therefore, Frik follows a strict maintenance plan to protect his investment.

His pivots are serviced after every harvest. All the sprinklers are checked regularly and replaced every ten thousand hours along with the pressure regulators. “Pivots are not cheap, but they increase the value of your property, and gives the farmer peace of mind.

It also enables you to produce crops all year round,” Frik explains.

Frik’s advice to farmers planning to invest in a centre pivot irrigation system is: • Buy the best structure available.

• Do not try to save on the pivot and underground pipes; buy the largest diameter you can afford.

• Buying cheap, substandard pivots might save money on the initial cost, but you will pay more for electricity and maintenance for the next 40 years.

Valley agents build lasting partnerships with the farmers, providing them with superior quality products, excellent service, and technical expertise, for they understand the need for uninterrupted irrigation.

For more information, contact Spilkon Besproeiing on +27(0)83-284-1025, or send an e-mail to besproei@trustnet. co.za, or visit the website www. spilkon.co.za. To find a Valley dealership near you, visit www. valleyirrigation.com.

23

Irrigation made easy part 9:

Flood irrigation

Labour usage in flood irrigation is high

Irrigation efficiencies

Labour usage with all flood irrigation systems is high. At least three labourers per ten-hectare block will be needed to control the distribution of water in the field.

100 80 60

Maintenance of flood irrigation systems should be done on a regular basis

40

Maintenance is important with flood irrigation systems. Systems should not be expected to last for more than five years without major repairs and upgrading of systems. Minor maintenance operations will be required on a regular basis, with not more than one week between operations.

20 0 Very good management Normal Poor management

Low pressure is sufficient for flood irrigation R

2

R

BA

B

A

BA

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1

R

3

A

ll around the world the traditional system of irrigation through flooding the lands is still the most widely used method. Flood irrigation systems are cheaper than other types of systems, but management is always critically important.

Unless the system is well maintained and controlled, the irrigation efficiencies achieved are likely to be very low.

Flood irrigation systems normally operate with open channel flow and flow across the land. The operation of these systems does not involve supplying water under pressure. Pumping may be needed to transfer water from the source into canals. Low pressures can also develop in piped distribution networks.

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Flood irrigation systems are divided into four categories:

Syphon pipes

nt ro nf sio s ce Re

Level

nt ro ef nc a v Ad

Basin irrigation is the simplest form of flooding. A field is divided into a series of flat-bottomed basins. The soil is levelled and earth bunds are built to create ponds. Water is diverted to fill the basin and infiltrates downwards from a level pool of even depth. The basin size is determined by soils, stream-size and application.

Uniform slope

Furrow lenght

Furrow irrigation is the most widely used method of irrigating row crops. Water no longer flows over the entire soil surface, but is confined to small channels between the crop rows. Furrows will normally be evenly sloped and flow directly away from the source canal. Furrow lengths will be determined by soil type, irrigation depth, stream size and slope. Water moves both downwards and sideways from the furrow to wet the root zone of crops planted on the ridge between furrows.

Level Recession

Uniform slope

Level furrow along the contour

Border length FURROW ACT AS SMALL, ELONGATED BASINS Flow control structure

Advance

Border irrigation divides the field into strips of land. The bed has a uniform slope away from the supplying canal, but is level in cross-section. Borders are recognised by their characteristic long, narrow shape. Border irrigation can be adapted to suit many crops, soils and farming practices. The length of the beds will be determined largely by soil type, stream size, irrigation depth and slope. The stream size (flow rate) will be strongly influenced by slopes, crop type and bed width. The base slope can be more level at the start and end of the bed to assist with initial spreading of the water and final ponding (to ensure even infiltration).

Border irrigation

Short-furrow irrigation involves the creation of a series of long and narrow basins aligned along the contour. The system design and management are the same as for basin irrigation. The distribution of water occurs similarly to furrow irrigation. Of all types of flood irrigation systems, short-furrow (or basin-furrow) systems are best suited for use by small-scale farmers and farmers with less formal education and training. Management and maintenance of short-furrow irrigation systems are relatively simple and, as long as the capacity of individual basins is correctly designed, scheduling of fixedapplication irrigations is also easily achieved.

Short-furrow systems are, however, usually more labour intensive than other flood irrigation systems.

Short-furrow irrigation

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Distribution canal

Next month we shall look at land preparation. This series is published with acknowledgement to the ARC Agricultural Engineering for the use of their manuals. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information.

25

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Clubman 100

Greenkeeper 200

Sportsman 120

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ProAgri Zambia 59

Orion Irresistible Pecans:

Plant productive pecan nuts in Southern Africa

by Hannes van Zyl

Johnson Mothibedi is in charge of maintaining the nursery at Orion Irresistible Pecans.

T

he right location, cultivar, land preparation and cultivation programme are crucial to ensure the best yields, profits, and sustainability of your pecan nut operation.

Pecan trees like dry conditions, but they also require wet roots, and prefer short, cold winters and long, hot summers. Pecan trees need 285 days a year for growing, with warm nights.

The trees can handle frost, as the low temperature ensures the tree goes into complete dormancy, which ensures even growth in spring.

Production in drier areas are around three to five t/ha. These areas also tend to produce bigger nuts, which result in higher prices. The average nut-in-shell (NIS) price paid to farmers is $4,5/kg to $5,3/kg, with larger nuts from the hotter, drier regions fetching above $5,3/kg.

While pecan trees can grow in shallow soil, it should be between at least 100 cm and 150 cm deep for profitable commercial production. Pecans are normally planted 10 m x 10 m apart, resulting in 100 trees/ha. As the trees are widely spaced, finding enough land for an economic unit is a challenge.

Some farmers plant at a higher density initially, and then thin out once the trees have reached full maturity, which allows greater yields in the years before the trees reach full maturity.

However, the cost involved with plant-

The Wichita is an extremely popular pecan nut cultivar in Sub Saharan Africa.

ing the extra trees and then later removing them does not make this a viable option.

Alternate bearing is a technique to maximize yields in difficult seasons. It is a given with fruit trees. With proper management, extreme differences in yield from one year to the next can be reduced. This involves reducing the yield in an ‘on' year so that the tree has extra reserves for an 'off’ year.

Nutrition In the case of fertiliser, soil and leaf analysis could help farmers determine what their trees need. The presence of nitrogen and phosphates are important on these analyses. Phosphates are essential to promote root growth and stimulate the plant to produce active root hairs, which eventually become feeder roots. Zinc is also essential to pecan trees and spraying five to six times per season in the night or early morning is essential.

Pests and diseases High-humidity areas are susceptible to scab, therefore farmers in such areas

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should be on the alert and employ their sprayers timeously. A crop protection programme is crucial to ensure maximum growth and crop health. The protection programme is different for every region.

Harvesting Harvesting takes place from May to July. Pecans are shaken off the trees mechanically and collected by labourers. Farms are now starting to mechanise, but the cost of the machinery is still quite high. However, as mechanisation increases in the industry, economies of scale will make the machines cheaper to import.

Looking ahead Southern African pecans are quite popular in China because our harvest time is between May and July. While America's harvest comes in between November and January, China's festival days and highest use is in the region of October to November. That gives Southern Africa the benefit of delivering fresh pecans to Chinese markets during the peak consumption period.

South Africa exports 80% of its crop NIS (nut-in-shell). Another 10% is processed and exported as kernels, while the remaining 10% is processed for the local market. NIS is preferred by farmers as they do not have to pay for processing costs.

The pecan price is expected to increase in the future. Global production is expected to increase drastically in the next five to ten years due to the growth in plantings and the fact that Russia and India are also becoming potential markets. The Americans have spent a lot on expanding the market for pecans, which is something we have to do here, as well as to ensure we have demand for the increased supply.

Harvest time is a terribly busy time at Orion Irresistible Pecans.

Source your certified pecan trees from Orion Irresistible Pecans and Nursery, based in South Africa in the Free State province between Wesselsbron and Bothaville.

Contact Hannes van Zyl at +27(0)82-572-5635 or e-mail hannesvanzyl.hvz@gmail.com, or hannes.vanzyl@orionirresistiblepecans.co.za. Visit their website at www.orionirresistiblepecans.co.za 27

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ProAgri Zambia 59

PlantCatalyst: Deal with fertiliser shortage and increased costs: Part 2

L

ast month we looked at the developincluding maize, cotton and soya ment history of PlantCatalyst® and beans, as well as in many plants and the magnificent results it showed when vegetables in greenhouses. introduced in Zambia. Local field trials PlantCatalyst® has helped many and research projects demonstrated farmers to improve their yields, astonishing potential. This month we minimizing losses and increasing the look at the benefits it poses for farmway plants uptake nutrients from ers. fertiliser. “But the mission of PlantCatFarmers who use PlantCatalyst® can alyst® is to go beyond simply putting expect a significant reduction in more money in people’s pockets,” Dr fertiliser usage: Applying PlantCataJohn Willard, Marketing Manager of lyst® allowed farmers to reduce PlantCatalyst®, says. “The greater fertiliser usage by up to 50%, without cause is to help feed the world and sacrificing yield. we’re proud to say that the Zambia As less fertiliser was needed to grow expansion has been a great first step in the plants in the trials, a reduction in that direction.” the cost was observed when PlantCatalyst® was applied. For soya beans, cotton and groundnuts, the production cost was decreased by up to 9%, which is the same as saving US$ 26 per hectare. In maize, the reduction of costs was up to US$100 per hectare.

The yield increase and thus the profit obtained after using PlantCatalyst® was outstanding.

In soya beans, the profit increment reached 41%, compared to the trial with only fertiliser. For the cotton field, an increment of 43% in the profit was observed, the same as US$180 per hectare. In the case of the groundnuts field, the increment on the profit was about 10% compared with the trial without PlantCatalyst®. In the maize trail, the yield increased by 18% per hectare compared to the treatment with only fertiliser.

It is known that the use and application of fertiliser is related to CO2 emissions. Using PlantCatalyst® reduced the quantity of fertiliser needed per hectare, which consequently lead to a decrease of the effect of greenhouse gas emissions. As the best results were obtained applying half the recommended quantity of fertiliser for all four crops, the reduction of CO2 emissions was about 50%.

The great thing about PlantCatalyst® is that it can be used with any agricultural operation and on any plant species, so it is very easily adoptable. In the Field trials already show the groundUSA, PlantCatalyst® has worked breaking achievements of PlantCatalyst®, well on a variety of crops, with the results shown on the right.

ProAgri Zambia 59

PlantCatalyst® and profits go together. Farmers can only achieve improved yields when putting this product to the test.

PlantCatalyst® is now available!

You can get supplies of PlantCatalyst ® from AgriFocus Ltd. Their headquarters is in Lusaka along Buyantashi Road in the Heavy Industrial area. The other main distribution agents are: Pamoza Agro in Lusaka town along Chachacha Road north end, +260-968-624-712 Pamoza Agro in Mpongwe, +260-974-881-674, AgMart in Choma, +260-977-898587 /+260-969-592-925 / +260964-637-637, AgMart in Mkushi, +260-976-264121 / +260-968-265-774, AgMart in Mumbwa, +260-962614-074 / +260-977-855-867, Technical Service Services in Livingstone, +260-976-553-035 /+260-975-270-952, Technical Service Services in Kitwe, +260-078-388-492 /260975-271-065, Technical Service Services in Samfya, +260-975-271-346, and other local based business agents that are being created throughout the country.

29

Turn your crops into condiments and seasonings Part 6.2:

Peeling methods of ginger

P

eeling involves removing the skin, peel or other outer protective layers from fresh produce using manual or mechanical devices. Before further processing the ginger rhizomes are peeled.

Peeling basic information: Almost all fruits and vegetables that are processed for dehydration in piece or fluid form must be peeled. Current peeling methods may be divided into steam peeling, knife peeling, abrasion peeling, lye peeling and flame peeling, and each of these peeling methods have characteristic advantages.

Abrasion peelers: Although there are many types of peelers, one such type is used to remove the peel from root-type crops by abrasion. In this peeling the food product is tumbled and thrown against surfaces that have been coated with abrasive, while a spray of water washes away the loosened materials.

Abrasion peeling may be used to good advantage, but must be properly operated and controlled for best results. Abrasion peelers have a lower water consumption than other peeling methods and are also very effective as a means of removing peel that has been previously loosened by chemical or heat pre-treatment. For this reason they are frequently installed in lines following flame, steam or lye peelers.

30

Lye peeling: In peeling methods that involve the use of hot lye solutions, the following factors must be taken into consideration: a. control of the lye penetration for proper peel removal, b. provision against safety hazards, c. protection against corrosion, d. disposal of spend lye, e. removal of all lye from the peeled products, f. treatment of some products with diluted acid after lye peeling in order to prevent discolouration, g. provision for lye storage and makeup facilities The principle variables involved in lye peeling are: a. immersion time in the lye bath, b. temperature and concentration of the lye solution, c. the commodity characteristics such as type, variety, maturity and storage history The original lye-peeling methods used boiling or near-boiling lye solutions in concentrations just high enough to be effective.

However, there are many advantages to using lower treatment temperatures: a. deep cooking of the outer tissue is reduced or eliminated, yields are higher and ‘heat rings’ are avoided,

b. heat losses and evaporation from the lye bath are reduced, c. hazards of boiling, splashing, leaking, overflowing and dripping are reduced Lye peeling is suitable for almost all root vegetables, as well as some fruit, and may be performed in batch-type or continuous operations. Batch peeling is mostly used in relatively small operations and is performed by dipping baskets of the food product in a hot lye bath for a predetermined time and then washing off the loosened peel and the residual lye. Continuous lye peeling equipment can be used with any scale of operation.

The rotary peeler consists of a perforated steel drum fitted with internal vanes that form pockets, rotating partially submerged in hot caustic solution. The drum itself is enclosed within a concentric shell in order to keep the food product confined while the drum rotates. The food product enters he drum pockets from an overhead or side chute, moves with the drum through the lye solution, and is then carried upward to the discharge chute.

A steam coil in the tank keeps the lye solution hot, or alternatively the lye solution is circulated through an external heat exchanger. The drapertype continuous peeler is made up of a long, narrow tank equipped with a metal wire-mesh belt, which conveys

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The high temperatures used cause the rapid heating of the surface layer of the food, but the low thermal conductivity of the product prevents further heat penetration. Because of this, the food product is not cooked and the product texture and colour are preserved.

The pressure is instantly released from the vessel, which causes steam to form under the skin, and the surface of the food ‘flashes off’. Most of the peel is discharged with the steam, and water sprays are only used in order to remove any remaining traces. This peeler has the advantages of having a lower water consumption, minimum product loss, good appearances of the peeled surfaces, a high throughput with automatic control of the peeling cycle, as well as the production of more easily disposable concentrated waste.

Knife peeling: In knife peeling stationary blades are pressed against the surface of rotating food products to remove the skin, or alternatively the blades may rotate against stationary food products. This method of peeling is particularly useful for the peeling of citrus fruit where the peel is easily removed with little or no damage or loss of fruit.

Flame peeling: Flame peeling is mostly used for onions. A flame peeler consists of a conveyor belt that carries and rotates the food product through a furnace heated to higher than 1 000 ˚C. The outer ‘paper shell’ of the onion, as well as the root hairs, are burned off and the charred skin is then removed by high-pressure water sprays. The average product loss with a flame peeler is 9%.

Cutting The product is divided into smaller parts, resulting in a larger surface area, which could aid further processing. The ginger rhizomes are split into smaller pieces before further processing

the food product through the bath. The conveyor belt is equipped with advancing flights or lugs to ensure uniform movement of the material through the tank, and if the product floats, an overhead belt is provided to keep the product submerged as it advances through the tank. This peeler also provides for draining excess lye solution from the treated product as it leaves the peeler.

The washing of the product must always follow immediately after lye peeling in order to remove the residual caustic. A simple test for detecting caustic on the peeled product after washing is to place a drop of an alco-

holic solution of phenolphthalein on the surface of the product. If a pink stain appears, it indicates excessive residual lye and indicates the additional washing is needed.

Flash steam peeling: Food products, such as root crops, are fed in batches into a pressure vessel that rotates at 4 to 6 rpm. Highpressure steam is then introduced into the vessel and all the food surfaces are exposed to the steam by the rotation of the vessel for a pre-determined time. This time period differs according to each type of food.

ProAgri Zambia 59

Soaking in water Soaking involves submerging food products in water for a specific time to enhance hydration, cleaning and various other functions. The split ginger rhizomes are immersed in boiling water for approximately 10 minutes.

Next month we shall look at drying for ginger. Published with acknowledgement to the ARC Agricultural Engineering for the use of their manuals. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information.

31

RUBIN 10 HIGH EFFICIENCY. HIGH ACREAGE. HIGH YIELDS.

RUBIN 10 - its superior clearance and 25” discs allow the Rubin 10 to work and control a greater amount of organic matter. Its symmetrical arrangement of discs is unique in the industry and ensures work in a straight line without any lateral offset.

Working in a straight line saves fuel and optimizes GPS guidance.

■ Hydraulic depth control adjustable from the tractor cab.

■ Unique symmetrical disc arrangement for optimized GPS and fuel economy.

■ Individually mounted and guided discs with non-stop spring-loaded safety device for high speed work.

Contact your nearest dealer to find out more about LEMKEN Karel Munnik, director, 082 412 2577, k.munnik@lemken.com Blackie Swart, area sales manager, 082 404 9651, b.swart@lemken.com

32

ProAgri Zambia 59

Use fertilisers from FSG Zambia for a successful crop yield.

Soil Requirements • Cabbage can be grown in well drained soils, provided they are adequately fertilised and well supplied with H85 and Cosmoroot.

Fertilisation • A basal dressing of 250 kg/ha SuperFert veg blend 2 (12:12:12) is recommended.

• Application of SuperFert Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN 27%N) as a topdressing is recommended at a rate of 220 kg/ha. Topdressing can be done twice at three weekly intervals after transplanting.

Fert Seed & Grain Ltd

Contact us:

+260 977 610 498 | +260 973 848 229 | +260 973 782 627 marketing@fsgzambia.co.zm | sale@fsgzambia.co.zm

FOR ALL YOUR HYDRAULIC NEEDS Cylinders, Hoses, Fittings, Shafts, Line boring of buckets & More

Tel: +260 211 235 814 Cel: 097 775 58 25 Email: kabwati@yahoo.com

ProAgri Zambia 59

33

Zambian Pig Genetics is the distributor of Topigs Norsvin genetics in central Africa. Built on our global research, innovation and absolute commitment to integrity and biosecurity, our close partnership approach means your farm benefits directly from our experience, energy and passion. The only SPF pig herd in Zambia, which means we supply pigs that are free of diseases such as mycoplasma and APP.

Introducing the TN70 • The TN70 is a cross between the Topigs Large White and the Norsvin Landrace.

Characteristics • Highly prolific, easy in use sow • Amazing weaning ability • Top contribution to finishing pig quality • Produces large litters of strong, uniform

TN70 & TN Tempo: The ultimate combination • TN Tempo brings robustness, uniformity and fast growth potential • The TN70 is an excellent mother which strengthens these qualities by contributing the best feed efficiency to the finisher compared to any other sow in the world • Together, the TN Tempo and TN70 offer you the potential to produce the most output against the lowest cost, combination unrivaled.

THE TRUSTED COMPANY THAT'S A BREED APART. GENETICS | TECHNOLOGY | SERVICE +260 762 589 884 | +260 972 788 521 | jgwolhuter@gmail.com The TN70 will be replacing the TN60 as the parent sow from week of birth 10 with delivery to clients commercing in May 2020.

34

www.topigsnorsvin.co.za

ProAgri Zambia 59

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35

Imtec Sales SKF Products and engineering solutions

Challenge power transmission parts

Ball and roller bearings Industrial and automotive bearings and kits Mining and special application bearings Agricultural bearings and oil seals Condition based monitoring

V and Wedge belts All types of couplings Conveyor and agricultural chains

Fasteners, bolts, nuts, washers etc.

Sparex Tractor spares and agricultural equipment

Bolts and nuts - MS, HT, SS, EG Threaded bars - SC, EG

Massey Ferguson Ford / New Holland Fiat Case International Landini and Tafe

Workshop accessories Welding accessories Workshop tools - general

Tivoly Cutting and drilling tools for:

Agricultural implements and parts Plough and harrow discs - Ovfas Kongskilde parts - range of tips Ground engaging tools and accessories Twist drills - HSS, SDS MAX

36

Concrete, Masonry, Metal, Plastic, Glass, Tile, Hardwood and Composite boards

COPPER BELT

LUSAKA

CENTRAL PROVINCE

SOUTHERN PROVINCE

Tel: +260 212 511 242 Cell: +260 979 773 830 alves@imtec.co.zm

Tel: +260 211 235 383 / 221 085 Cell: +260 978 217 217 imtec@zamnet.zm

Tel: +260 215 362 040 Cell: +260 964 355 746 anitraptors@gmail.com

Tel: +260 213 225 030 Cell: +260 978 777 919 greensolutions.sales@gmail.com

Johnson’s Arcade, Corner of Zaona Avenue & 16th Street, Luanshya

Plot 1663, Panganani Road, Lusaka P.O Box CH 310220

Raptor R us Plot 12/13, Buteko Avenue, Mkushi

Green Solutions Ltd. P.O Box 630 358, Choma

ProAgri Zambia 59

PRECISI

N

DRAINAGE AGRICULTURE WATER MANAGEMENT

Planning, design and installation

of subsurface drainage, leveling and farm land improvement.

Contact us for more information Johnnie van der Walt +27 82 672 1182 | johnnie@precisiondrainage.co.za Chris Green +27 81 433 2444 | chris@precisiondrainage.co.za OfďŹ ce +27 87 285 1183

ProAgri Zambia 59

37

DEKALB SEED NEW LOCAL SEEDS

A successful growing season should always include Dekalb Maize seed varieties: The ‘trusted and stable” DK 777 (Shoma). Good yielder, stable , double cobbing potential, excellent flint grain quality and responds very well to good management (can tolerate higher plant populations).

Second in the rank is the ‘real deal” DKC 90-89 (Ngao-Ngao).

Medium maturing hybrid with High yield potential of 12tons/ ha and good tolerance to stress. This forms the foundation of your success.

The ‘early maturing’ DKC 80-33 (Tamanga) is the reliable yielder with double cobbing potential. It is an excellent hybrid for winter maize cropping. Secures your food security.

DK777 • Medium Maturing

DKC90-89 • Medium Maturing

DKC80-33 • Early Maturing

• Suitable for mid-altitude environments • Excellent yield • Double cobbing potential

• Good poundability • Good tolerance to stress.

Should not be planted in Grey Leaf Spot hotspots • Very good Diplodia resistance

• Good tolerance to stress and diseases • Reliable yielder • Double cobbing potential

CopperBelt Region: Maria Kaindu - 0964291643

Northern-Muchinga Region : Victor Gondwe - 0962909135

Lusaka- Western Region: Geoffrey Matatu - 0964177069

Central- Luapula Regions: Addson Ngoma - 0968081695

Eastern Region: Henry Mutelo - 0967596475 Southern: Trans Munalula - 0966434370 Key Accounts: Henry Mutelo - 0967596475

Bayer, Shaping the Future of farming

38

ProAgri Zambia 59

ProAgri Zambia 59

39

ONE STOP SHOP FOR STEEL & STEEL RELATED PRODUCTS THE BEST DEAL IN QUALITY STEEL! • • • • • • •

Welding Rods Galvanized Wire Cutting Discs Primer Paints Bolts & Nuts Barbed Wire Razor Wire

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LUSAKA BRANCH P.O. BOX 38395, Lumumba Road, Lusaka, Zambia Tel: +260 211 222112 +260 211 223625 Fax: +260 211 221487 saleslusaka@bsisteel.com

Massey Ferguson 135

• • • • • •

One stop shop for steel & Roof Screws Steel related products Structural Steel Insulations Reinforcing Bars Light & Medium Sections Steel Plates & Sheets & Many more

KITWE BRANCH PLOT 1304, Chibuluma Road, Kitwe Zambia Tel: +260 212 210670 +260 212 210063 Fax: +260 963 905673 saleskitwe@bsisteel.com

R 80 000 + VAT

Massey Ferguson 245 New tires R 110 000 + VAT

R 115 000 + VAT

New tires R 160 000 + VAT

Massey Ferguson 390 4x4, with cab

Massey Ferguson 399 4x4, 77 kW

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R 180 000 + VAT

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• Sales, Services, Transport, Exports, Spares and more...

Ford 6600

• Export papers available to all African countries

Massey Ferguson 290

• Transport not included but can be arranged

New/used spares for Massey Ferguson, Ford & Fiat tractors Philip: +27 (0)76-957-5924 Office: +27 (0)16-365-6369 Spares: +27(0)82-871-2458 www.randvaaltrekkers.co.za 117 Kapokblom Street, Valley Settlements, Meyerton (Next to R59 highway)

40

ProAgri Zambia 59

GE AGRICULTURAL & Industrial for print.pdf 1 12/2/2020 11:42:06 AM

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GEAGRICULTURAL AGRICULTURAL&&Industrial Industrialfor forprint.pdf print.pdf 22 12/2/2020 12/2/2020 11:42:08 11:42:08AM AM GE

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Increaseyour yourprofit profitmargins marginsby byoffsetting offsetting Increase yourdaytime daytimeelectrical electricalcosts costswith withSolar SolarGrid Grid your tieSystems Systems tie C

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41 solar@greenenergyzambia.com solar@greenenergyzambia.com

We sell the full range of Kymco ATVs including: MXU150, MXU250, MXU270, MXU450, MXU700

We sell a full range of Yamaha and Lifan motorcycles including: XTZ125, AG125, AG200, TW200, YZ125, DT125, DT175, YBR125, LF125GY

We sell Kymco’s SIDE x SIDE ATV’s including: UXV450 & UXV700

We sell an extensive range of Yamaha power products including engines, generators, pumps and lawnmowers

We sell the full range of Yamaha Marine motors including: F25, F40, F60, F70, F100, F115, F130, F150, F200 and more

+260 973 584 778 / +260 964 584 778 / info@bestofbikes.com www.bestofbikes.com

42

ProAgri Zambia 59

UPGRADE PERFORMANCE. TOP YIELDS. CUT COST. UPGRADE COST.

LSK - MALAMBO ROAD LSK H.O -Plot sub v / farm 403a Lilayi road Lilayi P.O.Box 31980 Lusaka

+260 967 640 126 +260 961 580 785

feedsales@nmc.co.zm

Malambo Kabwata Showgrounds Chelstone Kalingalinga Chilenje Makeni Westgate Matero Zani Muone Zingalume Chilanga Libala South Eastern Western Central Southern Copperbelt Northern Provinces PIG CREEP PIG WEANER PIG GROWER DRY SOW & BOAR MASH LACTATING SOW MASH CONCENTRATES

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LSK - MALAMBO ROAD LSK H.O -Plot sub v / farm 403a Lilayi road Lilayi P.O.Box 31980 Lusaka

+260 967 640 126 +260 961 580 785

feedsales@nmc.co.zm

Malambo Kabwata Showgrounds Chelstone Kalingalinga Chilenje Makeni Westgate Matero Zani Muone Zingalume Chilanga Libala South Eastern Western Central Southern Copperbelt Northern Provinces

PULLET STARTER

PULLET GROWER PULLET DEVELOPER/PRELAY LAYER 17% CONCENTRATES

ProAgri Zambia 59

43

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ProAgri Zambia 59

All types of hybrid maize seed | Agricultural chemicals | Horticulture chemicals | Veterinary products Agricultural tools | Hand tools | Protective equipment | Fumigation | All types of seed

Distributors of Dekalb maize seed DKC 80-33 DKC 90-89 DKC 80-53 DK777

Tamanga Early maturing Ngao - Ngao Medium maturing - Shoma Medium maturing

Farmers Barn Ltd. Tel: +260 211 225 352 Cell: +260 977 518 635 Farmersbarn_ltd@hotmail.com

ProAgri Zambia 59

Address Plot 51, Chiparamba Road, Lusaka, Zambia

Mumba Road branch +260 975 386 240 Mumba Road, next to Uniturtle, Lusaka

45

QUALITY THAT EXCEEDS EXPECTATIONS Steel shades and warehousing for farming businesses • • • •

Construction of Steel Structures Plumbing and Sanitary Installations Carpentry, joinery, Roofing and water proofing services Precast and Pre- stressed concrete

Repair and installation of variable speed drives and motors Approved channel partner and distributor of ABB

Email: saea.za@gmail.com cheebo.kabamba@saea.co.zm Phone: 097 123 9613 / 097 783 4868 46

ProAgri Zambia 59

ProAgri Zambia 59

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Broad Broad Broad Spectrum Spectrum Spectrum Fungicide Fungicide Fungicide

Actively Actively Actively protects protects protects for for for longer longer longer Broad Broad Broad spectrum spectrum spectrum - ADEPIDYN™ - ADEPIDYN™ - ADEPIDYN™ technology technology technology controls controls controls key key key pathogens pathogens pathogens onon many on many many crops crops crops Superior Superior Superior intrinsic intrinsic intrinsic activity activity activity - Outstanding - Outstanding - Outstanding field field field efficacy efficacy efficacy and and and crop crop crop selectivity selectivity selectivity Long-lasting Long-lasting Long-lasting efficacy efficacy efficacy - Long-lasting - Long-lasting - Long-lasting control control control with with with preventative preventative preventative applications applications applications Excellent Excellent Excellent qualitative qualitative qualitative rainfastness rainfastness rainfastness - ADEPIDYN™ - ADEPIDYN™ - ADEPIDYN™ technology technology technology controls controls controls and and and protects protects protects even even even after after after rain. rain. rain.

Improves Improves Improves yields yields yields and and and quality quality quality ofof the of the crop. the crop. crop.

0967 0967 624624 634 624 634634 Syngenta Syngenta Syngenta Zambia Zambia Zambia 0967 ®industrial ®industrial ®industrial Plot Plot 5255, Plot 5255, Mukwa 5255, Mukwa Mukwa Road, Road, P.O.Box Road, P.O.Box P.O.Box 33088, 33088, Heavy 33088, Heavy Heavy area,area, Lusaka, area, Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia Zambia Zambia 50Mobile:

Mobile: +260 Mobile: +260 967 +260 967 624967 624 634624 634 Email: 634 Email: sales.zambia@syngenta.com Email: sales.zambia@syngenta.com sales.zambia@syngenta.com

ProAgri Zambia 59