Beyond The Railway Yard

BEYOND THE RAILWAY YARD A Green Hug for Milan Toscana / Porta Romana

TEAM 03

Acelya Nilgun Balikci Mariette Llewellyn Vanessa Robin Shaghayegh Allahdad Shikha Gadru

Project Report

Energy and Urban Planning Workshop School of Architecture Urban Planning and Construction Engineering MSc in Urban Planning and Policy Design First semester, 2020-2021

Professors: Eugenio Morello Barbara Piga Teaching assistants: Nicola Colaninno Andrea De Toni Erpinio Labrozzi Israa Mahmoud Gabriele Stancato

ABSTRACT

The Municipality of Milan has embarked on a journey to revitalise the abandoned railway stations and tracks around the city. The Circle Line project addresses the regeneration of the neighborhoods along these tracks in terms of not only mobility infrastructure, but also with an aim to emerge as a new backbone for the city. As a policy framework, it also follows the Sustainable Development Goals promoted by the UN with a specific focus on SDG 11. As a part of this effort, the students of Group 3 of the Energy, Climate and Urban Planning Studio were tasked with proposing solutions to the southern segment of Toscana - Porta Romana.

This segment comprises of parts of the neighborhoods of Morivione, Ticinese and Vigentino. The area is an emerging commercial hub, with a proposal for the Olympic Village for Milan-Cortina Games 2026 and a part of the Reinventing Cities project funded by the EU. Following initial site study and research, it was evident that the urban area of the neighborhood

was surrounded by two kinds of barriers: an infrastructure barrier in the north formed due to the ex-railway yard Scalo Romana, and a natural barrier between the rural area (Vettabia Park) in the south.

The area was further analysed with urban heat island risk assessment to identify the main hotspots (parking lots) and mitigation statregies. These included the identification of several cooling agents such as supermarkets and tree canopies. In order to overcome the barriers, the railway yard has been converted into a transport hub along with tactical urban inventions. On the southern end, the aim was to reduce fragmentation of urban lands through the proposals of nature-based solutions like green corridors and permeable parking. Along with these, there was also a focus on the soon to be constructed Toscana Station with an aim to strengthen the slow mobility elements that were not well developed in the neighborhood earlier.

CONTENTS

1 2 3 4 5 4

Beyond the railway yard

URBAN CHALLENGES

6

TRANSFORMABILITY POTENTIAL

20

RISK ASSESSMENT

26

CONCEPT DESIGN

37

INDICATORS

BEFORE / AFTER ASSESSMENT

45

1

1

URBAN CHALLENGES

Beyond the railway yard

5

THE GREEN HUG FOR MILAN

SEGMENT 3

The segment 3 of Toscana-Porta Romana lies in Municipio 4 and 5, with neighbourhoods including Scalo Romana, Ticinese, Morivione and Vigentino. Due to the presence Parco Sud, the peripheral area is characterized by low population density.

6

Beyond the railway yard

FIELD SURVEY: LAND USE

Symbiosis - Milan

Bocconi University

Fondazione Prada

Ravizza park

Parco Dello Memorie Industriali

Agricultural land

Mobility network 15% 38% Residential

10% 8% 10%

Green area The site is characterized by high residential area towards the norht (city center) with a mix of commercial and industrial in the middle region. Parco Sud forms the large agricultural part in the southern part of the site.

19% Industrial

Public & private services

Office buildings

Educational buildings

Commercial buildings

Cultural buildings

Beyond the railway yard

7

FIELD SURVEY: SITE CHARACTER

The area is characterized by two prominent types of boundaries within its urban fabric- an agricultural boundary with the Parco Sud in the south and an infrastructure boundary formed by the former railway yard. These boundaries have caused fragmentation between the urban, peri-urban and rural fabric of the area.

8

Beyond the railway yard

SITE SURVEY: Fast Mobility SITE SURVEY: Fast Mobility 24 24 Mobility 65 79 SITE SURVEY: Fast

79 FIELD SURVEY: FAST MOBILITY 24 24

79 79

6 6 6 91 91 91

5

6 Toscana Toscana

S S Toscana

90 90

S

90

S

90

91

5

65

92

65 65

92

92

5

92

5

92 92

92 91 90

92

91 90

1

1

2

2

1

1

2

2

91 90 91 90

Lodi TIBB M LodiMTIBB Existing railway station The area ofFuture prospective Existing railway station Existing railway station station The arearailway of prospective (Porta Romana) railway station (Toscana) (Porta Romana) Romana) railway(Toscana) station (Toscana) (Porta Existing railway station The area of prospective 3 4railway station (Porta3 Romana) Existing railway station 4The(Toscana) area of prospective

M Lodi TIBBMilano Milano Porta Romana Porta Romana

TIBB M Lodi S S4

Milano Porta Romana 4

S

Toscana

Milano Porta Romana 4

S

3

3

4

34

(Porta Romana) 4

railway station (Toscana)

4

34

34

3 3

34

3

Car parking areas creatin an unpleasant atmosphere Car parking parkingareas areascreating creatin an an unpleasant unpleasant atmosphere atmosphere Car 5Car parking areas creatin an6unpleasant atmosphere

3 95 95

6

5

6

6 creatin an unpleasant atmosphere Car parking areas

95 95

95

95

95

24

79

65

91 90

M Dedicated routes to tram and bus lines

Dedicated routes bus lines routes totram buses tram DedicatedDedicated routes to tram and to bus linesandand

Stations

Networks

65

M

92

65 65 79 79 79

S

92

95 79

5

5

S 91

65

90 24

79

65

34

92

91 90

M

Urban railway Urban railway Dedicated routes toStations tram and bus lines Networks Stations Networks Metro lineNetworks 3 Metro line 3Future projects Urban railway Urban Urban railway Urban railway railway Bus network SFuture train network Urban Bus railways Stations Metro line 3 Networks Metro line 3 Metro line 3 Metro line 3 Tram network Tram network station M Metro line 3 Bus network Bus network network Urban railway Bus networkBus Urban railway Tram network Walking accessibility Future projects Tram Tram network Tram network Walking Metronetwork lineBus 3 network Metro line accessibility 3 Urban railway Bus network Bus network Tram network Walking accessibility Future projects Walking accessibility Future projects future stations 800m

Tram network

34

24 79

24

95

91

90

24

65

2492

65 92

34

M 95

Urban railway M stations Metro stations future Bus stations

S

34 34

24 79

92

Urban railway Urban railway Stations future stations future Futurestations projects S Train stations

91 90

34

M

Tram stations

Tram network 400m

800m

400m 800m

400m

400m

800m

800m

400m

Future walking accessibility

800m 400m 400m

800m

400m

Beyond the railway yard

M S

800m

Existing walking Walking accessibility accessibility

95

9

SITE SURVEY: Slow Mobility

FIELD SURVEY: SLOW MOBILITY

Designed Cycle paths with good facilities that connects Designed Cycle paths with good facilities that the residential areas to services connects the residential areas to services

Designed Cycle paths with good facilities that connects the residential areas to services

Example of streets with good facilitiesfacilities like green Example of streets with walking good walking spaces, seating spaces vs.

Example of streets with poor like green spaces, seating spaces vs. Example of walking facilities streets with poor walking facilities

Example of streets with good walking facilities like green spaces, seating spaces vs. Example of streets with poor walking facilities

24

79

65

Providing safety Providing safetyfor for pedestrian crosswalks pedestrianwith with crossintersections walksonon intersections

92 91 90

79

24

65

92 90 91 92

Walking facilities Networks Walking distance Stations Bike-sharing stations

90 92

M 34

S 91

M

90

10

Beyond the railway yard 95

Pedestrianfacilities Areas with Walking BikeMi sharing network seating spaces stations Areas with seating facilities Cycle path

250m

Walking distance

34

M

S

Networks Providing safety for Different modes of M Walking facilities Networks pedestrian with crosswalks e-sharing mobility Cycle path on intersections Pedestrian Areas with network Pedestrian areaseating spaces Stations Cycle path

M S

91

S

Different modes Different modesofof M e-sharing mobility e-sharing mobility

95

Stations accessibility Walking BikeMi sharing 5-minute walking accessibility to stations bike-sharing stations

250m

SITE SURVEY: Environmental network SITE SURVEY: Environmental network FIELD SURVEY: ENVIRONMENTAL NETWORK

1

2

1

2

The infrastructurethat that Blueblue infrastructure continues to the south continues to the south The blue infrastructure that 3 continues to the south

Green infrastructure The green infrastructure along the railwayyard along the railway The green infrastructure 4 along the railway

3

4

6 6

2

5 5

2 1 1 The agricultural the south areaarea The agricultural areasareas on theonsouth of theofstudy (Parco Agricolo Sud Milano) (Parco Agricolo Sud Milano)

5

The agricultural areas on the south of area (Parco Agricolo 6 Sud Milano)

5

6

Existing Urban place An existinggreen green Urbanparks parks as as aa place infrastructure corridor forrecreational reacreationalactivities activities infrastructure corridor for An existing green Urban parks as a place infrastructure corridor for reacreational Future projectsactivities Natural systems

Natural systems 3 3

4 4

Green areas Future green Green areas Natural systems corridors Forest areas Forest areas Environmental Green areasareas Agricultural Agricultural areas Futureregeneration projects Forestcanopy areas Tree projects Tree canopy Agricultural areas Future Futuregreen projects Ecological Urban renewal Tree canopy network Ecological network corridors projects Blue infrastructure Future green Environmental Ecological network Blue infrastructure corridors regenration projects River ecological corridors Blue infrastructure Environmental River ecological corridor Urban renewal regenration projects Green infrastructure projects River ecological Green infrastructure corridors Urban renewal Green infrastructure projects Beyond the railway yard

11

EXPERIENTIAL WALK

12

Beyond the railway yard

PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT : HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Beyond the railway yard

13

PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT Completed projects Bocconi University New Campus Fondazione Prada Fastweb Building (Symbiosis)

On-going projects Porta Romana Station ICS House (Symbiosis) Smart city lab Symbiosis Business District

Proposed projects A2A Tower Toscana Station Serio (Reinventing Cities) Agricultural Consortium (To be converted into student residence)

Plan (PGT) Scalo Romana (Abandoned railway yards to be converted into mixed-use development for the Olympic games 2026) OM-Pompei Leoni Urban Redevelopment (Redevelopment of buildings for residences, commerce, production, management and training) Area under environmental regeneration Area under urban renewal Parco Agricolo Sud Milano Proposed boundary for Parco Sud Circle railway yard

14

Beyond the railway yard

PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT 2008

1

2015

2016

2

2018

2019

3

4

Beyond the railway yard

15

PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT: PROJECTS & COMPETITIONS

1

16

2

Beyond the railway yard

MAPPING STAKEHOLDERS

Most of the actors in this neighborhood belong to the category of collaboration, with majority related to the development of the ex-railway yard (Scalo Romana). Along with this there are several actors involved with the commercial projects developing this area, providing an opportunity to collaborate and propose redevelopment around the circle line.

Local-scale stakeholders

City-scale stakeholders

Regional-scale stakeholders

Beyond the railway yard

17

2

TRANSFORMABILITY POTENTIAL

18

Beyond the railway yard

TRANSFORMATION TIMELINE

Beyond the railway yard

19

POTENTIAL FORESTATION Maximum potential forestation areas

20

Beyond the railway yard

DEPAVING POTENTIAL | FEASIBLE DEPAVEMENT SCENARIO PERMEABILITY MAP

Parking lots Intersection nodes Paved open spaces Streets Parkings Supermarkets Beyond the railway yard

21

GREEN ROOF POTENTIAL

22

Beyond the railway yard

SYNTHESIS | HARD & SOFT PATTERNS Hard Transformability is not possible without alteration of the existing land use.

(Railway lines, Canals, Agriculture land)

Less hard Transformability is partially possible.

(Existing buildings, roads, pedestrian paths, cycle paths etc.)

In between Transformabilty is in progress currently or in the near future. Also includes the area under transformation (as per PGT) (Upcoming or proposed projects) Less soft Transformability is possible in the form of depavement; PotentiaI transformation.

(Parking lots, traffic islands)

Soft Transformability is possible in the form of forestry.

(Open spaces, depaved spaces, parks)

Beyond the railway yard

23

3

RISK ASSESSMENT

24

Beyond the railway yard

MILAN | TEMPERATURE STUDY

Beyond the railway yard

25

RISK ASSESSMENT | METHODOLOGY

26

Beyond the railway yard

CITY-LEVEL MAPPING

HAZARD: DAYTIME TEMPERATURE

EXPOSURE: POPULATION OF MILAN

VULNERABILITY

RISK

Beyond the railway yard

27

HAZARD & EXPOSURE

28

Beyond the railway yard

CAPACITY

Beyond the railway yard

29

SENSITIVITY & VULNERABILITY

30

Beyond the railway yard

RISK ANALYSIS MAPING

Residential Public/private services Induustrial Green areas

It was observed that the high risk areas have a residential typology followed by commercial and industrial with high level of asphalt and on-street car parking.

Beyond the railway yard

31

REDUCE & MITIGATE THE CLIMATE RISK

POSSIBLE NATURE BASED SOLUTIONS TO MITIGATE THE RISK

Car parks with green area

32

Beyond the railway yard

Porous pavement

Tree lined street

Green roof

Bioswale

IMPROVING THE CAPACITY OF FOUNTAIN INFRASTRUCTURE In this map the main solution is the improvement of the existing water fountain capacity in terms of reducing vulnerability for elderly population.

The defined risky areas were analysed and the possible suiltable public areas were detected to build new fountain infrastructure to reduce the risk level.

The old and new fountain infrastructures can have effect on a 100-meters buffer area.

Beyond the railway yard

33

IMPROVING THE CAPACITY OF PRIVATE SECTOR In this map the main solution is using existing open space’s of private sector’s buildings to create cooler shadowing places in the risky areas. Some of the supermarkets are the starting point of collaboration, since their open spaces have taken one of the capacity layer of risk analyse process.

Possible private partnerships are searched in the risky areas. These includes banks, supermarkets, comercial areas like coffes or restaurants. The effect areas of open spaces covers 300m buffer zone.

34

Beyond the railway yard

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength

Weakness

Opportunity

Threat

Beyond the railway yard

35

4

CONCEPT DESIGN

36

Beyond the railway yard

CENTRALITIES OF TODAY Factors included in identifying centralities: To the city center

Urban density

Lodi TIBB Milano Porta Romana

S Fondazione Prada

OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment

Brenta

Smart City Lab

Commercial activity

The identified centralities were then divided into two scales: the ones falling along the main road with metro stations are the citylevel centralities as they connect the neighborhood to the city centre, whereas the other centralities are local in nature. The circle line as well as the ex-railway yard area emerged as infrastructure barriers.

Bocconi University

M

Accessibility and nodes

M

City-level commercials Local-level commercials Main roads

To the city center

Symbiosis

Cycle path

Bocconi University

Residential areas M

Projects

Lodi TIBB Milano Porta Romana

Infrastructural barrier

S

Lack of centralities NIL boundaries

Fondazione Prada

OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment

Traffic nodes Brenta

Smart City Lab

M

Mobility centralities Residential centralities

To the city center Symbiosis Bocconi University

Commercial centralities Green centralities

M

Cultural centralities

Lodi TIBB

Industrial centralities

Milano Porta Romana

S

Educational centralities City-level centralities buffer area

Fondazione Prada

OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment

Local-level centralities buffer area Brenta

Smart City Lab Symbiosis

M

Beyond the railway yard

37

CENTRALITIES OF TOMORROW

To the city center

Bocconi University

With the proposal of the new Toscano station on the metro line, the buffer area was increased to 800m, thus transforming the existing local centralities into a bigger city-level centrality. This area also includes new projects like Symbiosis, Smart city lab and Olympic Village Housing that would increase the urban density in the future. Along with this two other parts in the south were identified as new centralities.

The Olympic Village proposal (later social housing) will increase urban density Railway yard area no longer a barrier

M

Lodi TIBB Milano Porta Romana

S S

Fondazione Prada

OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment

City-level commercials

Brenta

Smart City Lab

Cycle path Residential areas

Symbiosis M

Proposed Toscana station increases accessibility

The Olympic Village proposal (later social housing) will increase urban density

M

Bocconi University

Smart City Lab

Commercial projects like Symbiosis and Smart city lab will increase density Symbiosis

Lodi TIBB

M

38 Symbiosis

NIL boundaries Traffic nodes Brenta

M

Mobility centralities Commercial centralities

Industrial centralities

Milano Porta Romana

Educational centralities City-level centralities buffer area

Fondazione Prada

OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment

Beyond the railway yard

Lack of centralities

Cultural centralities

Lodi TIBB

S

Brenta

Infrastructural barrier

Green centralities

Milano Porta Romana

Smart City Lab

Milano Porta Romana

S

Residential centralities

To the city center

S Fondazione Prada

Projects

Lodi TIBB

Fondazione Prada

OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment

Railway yard area no longer a barrier

Local-level commercials Main roads

To the city center

Bocconi University

To the city center

M

M

Local-level centralities buffer area Brenta

M

Centralities of tomorrow Symbiosis

TOWARDS A STRATEGIC PLAN Through this strategy, the new station of Toscana connects to a system of soft mobility network that includes reconnecting existing bike paths and providing a sustainable way of mobility using e-vehicles. Using this strategy, a connection will be made to overcome the main infrastructural barrier of the area which is the railway yard. As for the pedestrians, the traffic calming actions will be implemented to reduce the car speed in streets with high rate of accident.

- DP 4: Enhance sustainable mobility options

P

M

P

S S

P

P

P P

M

P P

P P P

P

P

P

P

P P

P P

1. Creating a network of soft mobility from Toscana station P

This strategy addresses the existing fragmented green areas and aims at improving urban-rural connection with the proposal of green solutions, increasing livability and sustainability.

- DP 1: Promoting Forestation - DP 5: Reconnect places and nature

2. Ecological corridors and greening from Parco Sud towards Scalo Romana

P P

P

P

P P

P P

P P P

P

P

P

P

P P

P P

3. Transit hub at Toscana

4. Cooling islands

5. Energy-efficient communities

P

The upcoming projects around Scalo Romana while im- This climate-proofing strategy has been derived from the This strategy aims at retrofitting the residential buildings built beproving the quality of the area also brings the need for a analysis of urban heat island risk assessment and aims at cre- fore 1975 with “G” energy classified buildings by CENED. For this new station at Toscana. Parts of the abandoned railway ating certains “islands” of adaptive capacities which include purpose the apartment typology of buildings has been chosen as yard around the station has potential for green public spa- green parks and tree canopies, water fountains and supermar- it decreases the energy consumption. The retrofitting is proposed ces, pocket parks and solar parks adding new and improved Cooling kets as air conditioned spots. using PV panels.

Island efficientEnergy communities amenities for the users.

- DP 6: Outdoor Climate-proof retrofitting -Creating DP 9: energy Accelerate Transition This climate-proofing strategy has been derived from the analysis of urban heat island - DP 4: Enhance sustainable mobility options risk assessment and aims at creating certains “islands” of adaptive capacities which - DP 9: Accelerate Energy Transition include green parks and tree canopies, water fountains and supermarkets as air condi- DP 2: Revitalizing areas along circle line tioned spots.

Beyond the railway yard 39

MASTER PLAN

40

Beyond the railway yard

FOCUS AREA 1: TOSCANA STATION PEDESTRIAN ACCESS FROM FLYOVER

PEDESTRIAN CROSSING

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS | WALKSCORE

Viale Luigi Sturzo has a Walk Score of 97 out of 100.

This location is a Walker’s Paradise so daily errands do not require a car.

Nearby parks include Giardino Anna Stepanovna Politkovskaja, Isola Pepe Verde IPV and Giardino Comunitario Lea Garofalo.

10 minute walkability

Via Brembo and Via Giuseppe Ripamonti has a Walk Score of 80 and 71 out of 100 respectively. This location is comparatively not as Walkable as Viale Luigi sturzo. Some errands though, can be accomplished on foot.

Schools and parks fal out of the comfortable walking boundary.

10 minute walkability

Beyond the railway yard

41

FOCUS AREA | VIALE BRENTA-CORSO LODI JUNCTION FOCUS AREA 2: COOLING ISLAND & NBS IMPLEMENTATION AT CORSO LODI

OUTDOOR SEATING GREEN ROOF

KEY PLAN BIOSWALE

OUTDOOR SEATING GREEN ROOF

PERMEABLE PAVER BLOCKS

BIOSWALE

PERMEABLE PAVER BLOCKS

PARKING WITH GREEN AREA

OVERALL VIEW

PARKING WITH GREEN AREA

NBS IMPLEMENTATION

Car parks with green area

Porous pavement

Green roof

Tree lined street

42

Bioswale

Beyond the railway yard

The existing parking lot at Carrefour, Corso Lodi, has been identified as one of the focus area for the implementation of NBS strategies.

The entire lot has been depaved and repaved with permeable grass paver blocks. The pedestrian pathways have been integrated with green spaces and seating with a bioswale in the middle to absorb storm water and make the surroundings cool. Supermarkets have been identified as a stakeholder that can invest in the greening proposal, creating attractive spaces and increasing the number of people using their facilities.

NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS | CASE STUDIES

Beyond the railway yard

43

5

INDICATORS

BEFORE / AFTER ASSESSMENT

44

Beyond the railway yard

DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLE 1 | Promoting reforestation to generate a strong green city scale infrastructure DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP 1: Promoting forestation

BEFORE

SDG 15-Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests and halt land degradation and biodiversity loss 11- Sustainable Cities and Communities 3- Good health and well being

INTERVENTIONS

OUTPUT INDICATOR

VALUE OF THE INDICATOR

1. Planting new trees

- Forest area percentage

- From 175 HA to 185 HA ( New planted trees: 7500 )

- Number of trees per person

- From 32.1 to 2.3

- Street trees percentage

- From 26 HA to 27.9 HA ( New street trees: 1980 )

AFTER

Exisitng tree canopy New tree canopy Existing street trees New street trees

Beyond the railway yard

45

DESIGN PRINCIPLE 2 | Revitalizing urban areas along the circle line and around the new stops

46

Beyond the railway yard

DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGYsustainable TRANSITION mobility opportunities DESIGN PRINCIPLE 4 | Enhance DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP 4: Enhance sustainable mobility opportunities

INTERVENTIONS

SDG

1. Enhance cycle path network

11- Sustainable Cities and Communities

OUTPUT INDICATOR - Cycle path network

2. Place new bike-sharing - Bike-sharing stations stations - 15-min walking accessibility to fast mobility stations

VALUE OF THE INDICATOR - From 6253m to 17465m (Added cycle path: 11212m) - From 12 to 24 - From 49.810 to 67.542 (Number of residents)

- 5-min walking accessibility to - From 27.004 to 47.766 (Number of residents) bike-sharing stations BEFORE

Metro station Train station 10-minute walking accessibility to stations 15-minute walking accessibility to stations

AFTER

Existing bike paths New bike paths Existing bike-sharing stations New bike-sharing stations 5-minute walking accessibility to bike-sharing stations

Residential areas Public & private services Industrial areas

Beyond the railway yard

47

DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLE 5 | Reconnect places and nature and reduce fragmentation DESIGN PRINCIPLE

SDG

DP 5: Reconnect places and nature and reduce fragmentation

15-Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests and halt land degradation and biodiversity loss 11- Sustainable Cities and Communities 13- Climate Action

BEFORE

INTERVENTIONS 1. Enhance green availability

OUTPUT INDICATOR - people within the buffer zone of parks as percentage of total.

2. Connect parks and green areas with corridors - Cycle path network or ecological passages

- From 93% to 98%

- From 6253m to 17465m

AFTER

Existing green areas

Urban parks

Agricultural land

Shared garden

Existing cycle path

Forestation

New green areas

Pocket park

New cycle path

48

VALUE OF THE INDICATOR

Beyond the railway yard

DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION retrofitting DESIGN PRINCIPLE 6 | Outdoor climate-proof DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP 6: Outdoor climate-proof retrofitting

INTERVENTIONS

SDG 9- Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure 13- Climate Action

1. Depave and repave permeably 2. Depave and transform green 3. Increase green quality of permeable surfaces

BEFORE

OUTPUT INDICATOR

VALUE OF THE INDICATOR

- Repaved surface

- 44252 m

2

- Depaved and transformmed to green surface

- 57453 m

2

- Green roofs

- From 20400 m2 to 49887 m

2

AFTER

M

M

S

S S

M

Exisitng tree canopy New tree canopy Existing street trees New street trees

M

Green roofs Depaved surfaces (greened) Permeable surfaces Water fountains

Beyond the railway yard

49

FOCUS FOCUS AREA AREA CLIMATE CLIMATE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS WITH WITH ENVIMET ENVIMET DESIGN PRINCIPLE 6 | Focus area climate analysis with Envimet FOCUS AREA CLIMATE ANALYSIS WITH ENVIMET TheThe Envi-Met Envi-Met software software waswas used used to to METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY The Envi-Met software was used to METHODOLOGY analyze analyze thethemicroclimate microclimateof ofthethe ENVIMET ENVIMET DATABASE DATABASE SIMULATION SIMULATION INPUT DATA DATA analyze the microclimate of the INPUT junction junction of of Viale Viale Brenta-Corso Brenta-Corso Lodi, Lodi, ENVIMET DATABASE SIMULATION INPUT DATA junction ofafter Viale Brenta-Corso Lodi, before before andand after implementation implementation of of Preparation Preparation Configuration Configuration Simulation Simulation before and after implementation thethe NBS NBS strategies. strategies.

TheThe results results show show of Preparation Configuration Simulation stage stage stage stage stage stage the NBS strategies.

The results show reduction reduction in in thethepotential potential air air stage stage stage reduction inthe the potential temperature temperature of of the area, area, suggesting suggesting air Digitising Digitising the the area area Climate Climate data data input input Analysis Analysis duration: duration: temperature of the area, thethe positive positive implementation implementation of suggesting ofthethe Air temperature: 1Analysis hour (13:00) (13:00) Digitising the area Air temperature: Climate data input 1 hour duration: using using Envi-Met Envi-Met the positive implementation of the Max: Max: 32°C 32°C Min: Min: 19°C 19°C for 23.06.2020 for 23.06.2020 Air temperature: 1 hour (13:00) vegetation vegetation andand green green roofroof strategies. strategies. using Envi-Met spaces spaces Wind Wind speed: speed: 1.6m/s 1.6m/s S-W S-W (hottest (hottest day) day) Max: 32°C Min: 19°C for 23.06.2020 vegetation and green roof strategies. spaces Wind speed: 1.6m/s S-W

BEFORE BEFORE BEFORE

OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT Map Map

Map interpretation interpretation interpretation stage stage stage Analysis Analysis of change of change ofair change in potential inAnalysis potential air in potential air temperature temperature temperature

(hottest day)

KEYKEY MAP MAP KEY MAP

AFTER AFTER AFTER

FigureFigure 1: Viale 1: Viale Brenta-Corso Brenta-Corso Lodi: Lodi: Before Before 13.00.01 13.00.01 23.06.2020 23.06.2020 Figure 1: Viale Brenta-Corso Lodi: Before 13.00.01 x/y Cut x/y at k=0 Cut(z=0.3000 at k=0 (z=0.3000 m) m) 23.06.2020

FigureFigure 2: Viale 2: Viale Brenta-Corso Brenta-Corso Lodi: Lodi: AfterAfter 13.00.01 13.00.01 23.06.2020 23.06.2020 Figure 2: Viale Brenta-Corso Lodi: After 13.00.01 x/y Cut x/y at k=0 Cut(z=0.3000 at k=0 (z=0.3000 m) m) 23.06.2020

x/y Cut at k=0 (z=0.3000 m)

x/y Cut at k=0 (z=0.3000 m)

90.0090.00

90.0090.00 90.00

60.00 Potential Potential Air Temperature Air Temperature

30.0030.00 30.00

0.00 0.00 30.0030.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

30.00

60.0060.00

90.0090.00

60.00 X (m)X (m) X (m)

50

Beyond the railway yard

90.00

120.00 120.00 120.00

60.0060.00

Y (m)

Y (m)

Y (m)

60.0060.00

Y (m)

Y (m)

Y (m)

90.00

60.00 Potential Potential Air Temperature Air Temperature

below 21.61 °C below 21.61Air °CTemperature Potential to 22.76 21.61 21.61 to 22.76 °C °C below 21.61 °C to 23.92 22.76 22.76 to 23.92 °C °C 21.61 to 22.76 °C to 25.08 23.92 23.92 to 25.08 °C °C 22.76 to 23.92 °C to 26.24 25.08 25.08 to 26.24 °C °C 23.92 to 25.08 °C 30.0030.00 to 27.40 26.24 26.24 to 27.40 °C °C 25.08 to 26.24 °C 30.00 to 28.56 27.40 27.40 to 28.56 °C °C 26.24 to 27.40 °C to 29.71 28.56 28.56 to 29.71 °C °C 27.40 to 28.56 °C to 30.87 29.71 29.71 to 30.87 °C °C 28.56 to 29.71 °C aboveabove 30.87 30.87 °C °C 29.71 to 30.87 °C above 30.87 °C Min: 20.45 Min: 20.45 °C °C Max: 32.03 Max: 32.03 °C °C 0.00 0.00 Min: 20.45 °C Max: 32.03 °C 0.00 0.00 0.00

30.0030.00 0.00

30.00

60.0060.00

90.0090.00

60.00 X (m) X (m)

90.00 X (m)

120.00 120.00 120.00

below 21.47Air °CTempera below 21.47 °C Potential 21.47 21.47 to 22.63 °C °C to 22.63 below 21.4 22.63 22.63 to 23.80 °C °C to 23.80 21.47 to 22 23.80 23.80 to 24.97 °C °C to 24.97 22.63 to 23 24.97 24.97 to 26.13 °C °C to 26.13 23.80 to 24 26.13 26.13 to 27.30 °C °C to 27.30 24.97 to 26 27.30 27.30 to 28.46 °C °C to 28.46 26.13 to 27 28.46 28.46 to 29.63 °C °C to 29.63 27.30 to 28 29.63 29.63 to 30.80 °C °C to 30.80 28.46 to 29 aboveabove 30.80 30.80 °C °C 29.63 to 30 above 30.8 Min: 20.30 °C °C Min: 20.30 Max: 31.96 °C °C Max: 31.96 Min: 20.30 °C Max: 31.96 °C

DESIGN DESIGNPRINCIPLES PRINCIPLES||ACCELERATE ACCELERATEENERGY ENERGYTRANSITION TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLE 9 | Accelerate energy transition DESIGN DESIGNPRINCIPLE PRINCIPLE

DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP DP9:9:Accelerate Accelerate energy energytransition transition DP 9: Accelerate energy transition

BEFORE BEFORE

SDG SDG

INTERVENTIONS INTERVENTIONS

OUTPUT OUTPUTINDICATOR INDICATOR

SDG INTERVENTIONS OUTPUT INDICATOR consumption after 7-7-Access toto 1.1.Energy retrofitting - Thermal consumption after Access Energy retrofittingofof“G” “G” - Thermal affordable standardretrofit retrofit affordableand and energy energyclassified classifiedbuildings buildingswith withstandard Thermal consumption after 7Access to 1.

Energy retrofitting of “G” clean PVPVpanels cleanenergy energy panelsand andstandard standard retrofit affordable and thermal energyinsulation classified - Electricity 12Responsible -standard Electricityconsumption consumptionafter after 12Responsible thermal insulation buildings with clean energy PV panels and standard retrofit consumption retrofit consumptionand and - Electricity consumption after 12- Responsible thermal insulation production production retrofit consumption and 11Sustainable 11Sustainable production - Electricity cities and - Electricitypotential potentialfrom fromRES RES cities and 11Sustainable communities communities Electricity potential from RES cities and - Number ofofnew 2.2.E-charging -- Number newe-charging e-charging E-chargingpoints points communities points points - Number of new e-charging 2. E-charging points points AFTER AFTER

BEFORE

Selection Selectioncriteria criteriafor forbuildings: buildings: - -Buildings Buildingsolder olderthan than1970 1970(least (leastenegy enegy Selection criteria for buildings: efficient) efficient) Buildings older than 1970 (least enegy - --Residential Apartment blocks (Energy Residential Apartment blocks (Energy efficient) decreases consumption consumption decreaseswith withcompactness compactness Residential Apartment blocks (Energy ofofbuilding buildingtypology) typology) consumption decreases with compactness (Source: Morello, Bignardi, Rudini “Proposal forfor spatial (Source: Morello, Bignardi, Rudini “Proposal spatial of building typology) planning planningsupport supportsystem systemto toestimate estimateurban urbanenergy energy

VALUE VALUEOF OFTHE THEINDICATOR INDICATOR 2 2 VALUE OF THE INDICATOR toto4343 - From 233 kWh/m - From 233 kWh/m 2 2 kWh/m kWh/m - From 233 kWh/m2 to 43 2 - From -kWh/m From3250 3250 kWh/household/year kWh/household/yeartoto - From 3250 1950 kWh/household/year 1950 kWh/household/year kWh/household/year to kWh/household/year - 84825 kWh/month -1950 84825 kWh/month

(Source: Morello, Bignardi, Rudini “Proposal for spatial demand and potential renewable energy scenarios”) demand and potential renewable energy scenarios”) planning support system to estimate urban energy Electrical ofof Electricalpotential potentialfrom fromRES RESininthe theform form demand and potential renewable energy scenarios”) solar PV panels with an area of 1.6sqm solar PV panels with an area of 1.6sqm

Electrical potential from RES in the form of per panel 43.5kWH/month. per panelgenerating generating 43.5kWH/month. solarSuppliers PV panels with an area of 1.6sqm (Source: ofof solar panel) (Source: Suppliers solar panel) per panel generating 43.5kWH/month.

84825 kWh/month - From 0 0toto 2020 -- From - From 0 to 20

(Source: Suppliers of solar panel)

AFTER

PP PP

P

P PP

PP

PP P

P PP

PP P P

PP

P

P PP PP

ature

PP

47 °C 2.63 °C 3.80 °C 4.97 °C 6.13 °C 7.30 °C 8.46 °C 9.63 °C 0.80 °C 80 °C

P

PP P

P PP P PP

PP

P PP

PP

P

P

P

PP P

P PP P

PP P

Residential buildings older Residential buildings older thanthan 1970 withwith “G”“G” type 1970 type energy classification energy classification Residential buildings older than 1970 with “G” type energy classification

Residential Residentialbuildings buildingsolder older thanthan 1970 withwith projected “B”“B” 1970 projected or or“C”“C”energy energyclass classandand Residential buildings older E-vehicle charging points retrofitted withwith PV PVpanels retrofitted panels than 1970 with projected “B” or “C” energy class and retrofitted with PV panels

charging points E-vehicle charging points P PE-vehicle

P

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51

DESIGN OUTCOMES & TIMELINE OF ACTIONS Phase 2

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Implementation of new bike path Implementation of new bike stations Implementation of e-charging points

2. Ecological corridors and greening from Parco Sud towards Scalo Romana Planting new street trees New urban parks Shared gardens Permeable parkings Green parkings

2

3. Transit hub at Toscana Implementation of transit hub Tactical urbanismm in the railway yard

4. Cooling islands Implementation of new fountains Implementation of green roofs

PV panels for retrofitting

DESIGN OUTCOMES

From large asphalt-paved spaces increasing UHI..

From traditional methods of electricity production..

CLIMATE

ENERGY

..To cooling islands increasing adaptive capacity of the site

52

Beyond the railway yard

..to new efficient methods of Renewable Energy Sources

From fragmented spaces of interaction..

URBAN FORM ACCESSIBILITY

..to creation of multi-functional spaces using walkscore as a tool

9

2032

1

Phase 3

End

1. Creating a network of soft mobility from Toscana station

Start

2022

Phase 1

REFERENCES 1. Milano Scalo Romana. (n.d.). Retrieved from Urbanfile: https://blog.urbanfile.org/2020/05/20/milano-scalo-romana-il-punto-della-situazione-per-lo-scalo-ferroviario/ 2. OM-Pompeo Leoni - Urban Redevelopment Program. (n.d.). Retrieved from Comune di - Milano: https://www.comune.milano.it/aree-tematiche/ urbanistica-ed-edilizia/attuazione-pgt/om-pompeo-leoni 3. (2019). Piano di Governo del Territorio. Milano: Comune di Milano.

4. (2015). Piano Urbano Mobilita Sostenibile Milano. Milano: Comune di Milano.

5. (n.d.). Symbiosis Growing Connections. Milano: Covivio.

6. Urbanfile. (n.d.). Retrieved from A2A Tower: 7. https://blog.urbanfile.org/2019/06/03/milano-scalo-romana-ecco-la-torre-a2a/ 8. Urbanfile. (n.d.). Retrieved from Second phase of railyard: https://blog.urbanfile.org/2020/05/09/milano-scalo-romana-avviata-la-seconda-fase-dellex-scalo-ferroviario/ 9. https://followgreenliving.com/urban-heat-islands-causes-solution/ 10. https://www.altenergymag.com/article/2017/05/off-grid-solar-powered-charging-stations/26280 11. https://www.istat.it/ 12. http://www.ideas.swagroup.com/the-importance-of-drinking-fountains/ 13. https://en.climate-data.org/europe/italy/lombardy/milan-1094/#temperature-graph 14. Milan | Scalo Romana - Symbiosis Building D building site: https://blog.urbanfile.org/2020/12/03/milano-scalo-romana-cantiere-symbiosis-palazzo-d-fine-novembre-2020/ 15. Cihan Turhan and Gülden Gökçen Akkurt. Mitigation Of Urban Heat Island Effect Through Nature-based Solutions: H2020 Urban GreenUP PROJECT 16. (2018) Catalogue of Nature-based Solutions For urban regeneration. Energy&Urban Planning Workshop. Version 4.

17. Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.

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