1906 Joseph John Thomson United Kingdom

Born 18 December 1856 Cheetham Hill, Manchester,England Died 30 August 1940 (aged 83) Cambridge, England Citizenship British Nationality English Institutions Trinity College, Cambridge Alma mater Owens College Trinity College, Cambridge

Academic advisors John Strutt (Rayleigh) Edward John Routh

Notable students

Charles Glover Barkla Charles T. R. Wilson Ernest Rutherford Francis William Aston William Henry Bragg Paul Langevin Niels Bohr George Paget Thomson Known for Discovery of electron Discovery of isotopes Mass spectrometer invention First e/m measurement Thomson scattering Thomson (unit)

Notable awards Smith's Prize (1880) Royal Medal (1894) Albert Medal (1915) Franklin Medal (1922) Faraday Medal (1925)

Cathode Rays Tube (CRT)

In his first experiment, he investigated whether or not the negative charge could be separated from the cathode rays by means of magnetism. In his second experiment, he investigated whether or not the rays could be deflected by an electric field. In his third experiment, Thomson measured the charge-to-mass ratio of the cathode rays by measuring how much they were deflected by a magnetic field and how much energy they carried. "in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases“ he was awarded Nobel Prize in 1906.

Replica of J.J. Thomson's third mass spectrometer

Born December 19, 1852 Strzelno, Kingdom of Prussia(modern Poland) Died May 9, 1931 (aged 78) Pasadena, California Nationality United States Institutions Case Western Reserve University Clark University University of Chicago Alma mater United States Naval Academy University of Berlin

Doctoral advisor Hermann Helmholtz Alfred Cornu

Doctoral students Robert Millikan

Known for Speed of light Michelson–Morley experiment

Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physics (1907) Copley Medal (1907) Elliott Cresson Medal (1912) Henry Draper Medal (1916) Albert Medal (1920) Franklin Medal (1923)

Albert Abraham Michelson

(Surname pronunciation anglicized as "Michael-son" , was an American physicist known for his work on the measurement of the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics. He became the first American to receive the Nobel Prize in sciences.

Albert A. Michelson served in the U.S. Navy as Lt. Cmdr. He rejoined the U.S. Navy in World War I