Product brochure. Development intervention- Coastal Resources Management

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SCoRe

Sustainable Coastal Resources for the Philippines

Version 1.0

Imprint As a federally owned enterprise, we support the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development.

Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn, Germany T +49 228 44 60-0 (Bonn) T +49 61 96 79-0 (Eschborn) 2/F PDCP Bank Center Rufino cor. Leviste Streets Salcedo Village, Makati City Philippines T +63 2 892 9051 I: www.enrdph.org Responsible Dr. Walter Salzer Environment and Rural Development Program Program Director and Principal Advisor E: walter.salzer@giz.de Source and Copyrights © 2013 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Main Authors Andreas Lange, Andrea Leonor Barcelona, Terence Paul Dacles Contributing Authors Cecilia Astilla, Elson Aca, Jerome Christophe Chladek, Julia Pereira Dias, Julie Ann Masias-Groenewold, Uwe Scholz, Ma. Aimee Sobrevega, Mary Ann Tercero and Andre Jon Uychiaoco Editors Shaleh Antonio, Erlinda Dolatre, Marifel T. Moyano Layout/Design Marifel T. Moyano Copyright on Photos The photos in this publication are owned by GIZ unless otherwise indicated on the photo.

Maps The geographical maps are for information purposes only and do not constitute recognition under international law of boundaries and territories. GIZ does not guarantee in any way the current status, accuracy or completeness of the maps. All liability for any loss or damage arising directly or indirectly from their use is excluded.

Printed and distributed by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Place and date of publication Manila, Philippines April 2013

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Contents Acronyms and abbreviations

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Top reasons to use SCoRe

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Acknowledgements

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Summary

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SCoRe: Challenges in planning and managing the coastal environment

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SCoRe: Policy support and contributions

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About SCoRe Goals and objectives SCoRe: An overview Pillar 1: Coastal planning from ridge-to-reef Pillar 2: Implementation of mechanisms Cross-cutting elements Stakeholders’ roles

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The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) Manuals and modules of SCoRe Consultation with the local government and community Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters Assessment of resources Integration of Coastal Resources Management (CRM) Plans to the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) Formulation and legitimization of municipal water zones Implementation of ICM Monitoring and evaluation

32 34 35 36 37

Estimated costs

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Emerging results

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Lessons learned and success factors

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Annexes Detailed costing for SCoRe

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38 39 40 41

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Acronyms and abbreviations ABCLET ALFARMDC AO BD BFAR CDP CENECCORD CFRM CLET CLUP CRM DA DAO DENR DILG EnRD EO FARMC FVR GIS GIZ GPS H/UFO HLURB ICM ICSEA CCHANGE ILC KAHIL-ICAMC LCE LFEWS LGU

Alliance-Based Coastal Law Enforcement Team Alliance of Local Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Development Council Administrative Order Bantay Dagat Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Comprehensive Development Plan Central Negros Council for Coastal Resource Development Coastal Fisheries Resources Management Coastal Law Enforcement Team Comprehensive Land Use Plan Coastal Resources Management Department of Agriculture Department Administrative Order Department of Environment and Natural Resources Department of the Interior and Local Government Environment and Rural Development Program Executive Order Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council Fishing Vessel Registration Geographic Information System Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH Global Positioning System Harmonized or Unified Fisheries Ordinance Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board Integrated Coastal Management Integrated Coastal Sensitivity, Exposure and Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change Inter-Local Cooperation Kabankalan-Himamaylan-Ilog Integrated Coastal Area Management Council Local Chief Executive Local Flood Early Warning System Local Government Unit

M&E MAO MARINA MEAT MENRO METT MOA MOREFOREST MPA NAMRIA NIPAS NGO NNARMAC NSCB PALMDevC PENRMO PMM PNP PRA RA REACH RBM SB SCoRe SIMPLE SNCDMC SP TWG

Monitoring and Evaluation Municipal Agricultural Officer Maritime Industry Authority Officer Management Effectiveness Assessment Tool Municipal Environment and Natural Resource Officer Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool Memorandum of Agreement Management of Resources on Forestlands through Enhanced Sustainable Technologies Marine Protected Area National Mapping and Resource Information Authority National Integrated Protected Areas System Non-government Organization Northern Negros Aquatic Resources Management and Advisory Council National Statistics Coordination Board Pacific Alliance of LGUs for Marine Development Council Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Management Office Process Monitoring Matrix Philippine National Police Philippine Reclamation Authority Republic Act Rural Economy Advancement through Cashfor-Work for Households Results-based Monitoring Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Legislative Council) Sustainable Coastal Resources in the Philippines Sustainable Integrated Management and Planning for Local Government Ecosystems Southern Negros Coastal Development Management Council Sangguniang Panlalawigan (Provincial Legislative Council) Technical Working Group

Top reasons to use SCoRe

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SCoRe promotes participatory planning and management of municipal waters based on an integrated ecosystems perspective of “ridge-to-reef ”

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SCoRe helps implement water use zoning and delineation and delimitation of municipal waters

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SCoRe promotes cooperation among Local Governments through Inter-Local Cooperations (ILCs) and enables effective enforcement of laws and policies through harmonized ordinances

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SCoRe promotes fisheries regulation strategies to increase the income of fishing communities

SCoRe empowers fisherfolks through the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Councils (FARMCs)

SCoRe helps conserve critical habitats and biodiversity to make coastal ecosystems and communities more resilient to climate change

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Acknowledgements SCoRe is a product of the Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) component of the Environment and Rural Development Program. It documents the experiences of the Philippine-German Development Cooperation in Integrated Coastal Management and has benefited from a thorough experience in the implementation of ICM projects in the provinces of Antique, Negros Occidental, Leyte, Western Samar and Southern Leyte.

The Republic of the Philippines and the Federal Republic of Germany look back to more than four decades of development cooperation on marine sciences and coastal resource management.

An early example is the cooperation between the Marine Biology Section of the University of San Carlos, Cebu City and the Institute of Marine Science of the Christian Albrechts Universität zu Kiel during the 1970s and 1980s. The International Global Network for Integrated Coastal Zone Management (COASTMAN) program of the former Internationale Weiterbildung and Entwicklung GmbH (InWENT) supported technical training of Filipinos in German institutions.

Many of the participants are today members of the alumni network “Association of United Filipinos Trained in Germany” (AUFTRAG).

The former German Development Service (DED) started to support the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) in the 1990s, for instance on Apo Island and the coastline of Negros Oriental, which are still being showcased today. The former German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) started its larger involvement with coastal resources management in 2001 under the Leyte Island Program on Sustainable Management of Natural Resources (Region 8), followed by the Visayan Sea Project and the Coastal Fisheries Resources Management in Region 6. These programs were funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).

Since 2005, the Environment and Rural Development Program (EnRD), in support to the National Convergence Initiative, has strengthened the support to ICM. Additional programs for the ICM and Climate Change adaptation and mitigation projects (2009 – present) were further supported by the German Federal Ministry of Environment, Nuclear Safety and Nature Conservation (BMU).

Today, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) is working closely with the DA, DAR and DENR, and more than 50 local government units in the area of integrated coastal management. SCoRe provides a hands-on description for new and old ICM practitioners, and will serve as a source of information to decision-makers both at the national and local level.

Many partners coming from various local government units, academe or local communities have contributed to this knowledge product, but they cannot all be mentioned here. Many thanks go to the Provinces of Antique, Leyte, Negros Occidental, Western Samar and Southern Leyte and their participating ILCs, member municipalities and cities, and the fisherfolks and FARMCs as core partners at the local level. DA-BFAR, DENR and HLURB have provided crucial inputs and represented important implementation partners on the ground.

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Summary The current state of municipal waters and coastal areas in the Philippines is plagued by the lack of an integrated planning and management system. The open-access regime in most municipal waters further compounds the problem as local governments have often only limited or no control mechanisms at all in place to regulate the harvest of coastal and fishery resources. Population pressure and the use of destructive fishing practices like blast and poison fishing, have contributed to overfishing. Valuable coastal habitats like mangrove forests, seagrass beds and coral reefs are destroyed unabated.

Sustainable Coastal Resources for the Philippines (SCoRe) was developed by the GIZ-supported Environment and Rural Development (EnRD) Program. SCoRe builds on the experiences from the ground of the program since 2005. The approach was tested and implemented in 54 municipalities and cities in the Provinces of Antique, Western Samar, Leyte, Negros Occidental and Southern Leyte. It puts special emphasis on ridge-to-reef planning and management for local governments that are encouraged to build Inter-Local Cooperations. It promotes fisheries regulation mechanisms to stabilize marine ecosystems and increase the income of fishing communities. Finally, it aims to strengthen the role of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Councils (FARMCs) to empower fishing communities and increase their participation in coastal management.

SCoRe supports Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) as the national strategy and institutional framework for sustainable development of the coastal and marine resources, and builds the capacities of relevant institutions tasked to implement ICM at both the national and local levels. At the local level, SCoRe refines complicated concepts and procedures, and explains in clear and manageable steps how to achieve the positive impacts of Integrated Coastal Management. It has innovated new mechanisms to enable the integration of municipal water use zones into comprehensive land use plans and zoning ordinances. It has improved current strategies related to the establishment and management of critical habitats and marine protected areas, the implementation of regulation strategies such as fishing vessel registration, and open and close season of fishing grounds, and the building Alliances or Inter-Local Cooperations among Municipalities and Cities towards joint resource management to respond to the many cross-border issues.

SCoRe complements other GIZ-supported knowledge products such as the “Sustainable Integrated Management and Planning for Local Government Ecosystems” (SIMPLE) in achieving sustainable natural resource management through a ridge-to-reef approach.

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Challenges in planning and managing the coastal environment

The Philippines is an archipelago with a coastline of about 36,290 kilometers.

More than 60% of the population live near the coastal areas, and half of all municipalities and cities is located along the coasts and rivers (NSCB 2012). Coastal and marine areas remain a crucial source of livelihood and revenue for local communities and the government. At the same time, the Philippines is a mega biodiversity country, with more than 52,000 described species of marine plants and animals. Half of the species is found nowhere else on earth.

Marginal fishers produce half of the annual 2.7 million tons of fish capture, securing the livelihood of more than 700,000 fisherfolk and traders. Yet, Philippine fish stocks have been reduced to 10% of the 1950s level (Green et al., 2003) and 64% of municipal fishing grounds are overfished (Muallil, 2012). Along with this, there is biodiversity loss in highly fished areas (Nañola et al, 2010). Valuable coastal habitats like mangrove forests, seagrass beds and coral reefs are losing their ability to provide breeding grounds for marine organisms and other essential ecosystem services such as pollution control.

The current regulatory practices and policies in place do not sufficiently address the issues that coastal areas face:

Interconnectivity of ecosystems The degradation of coastal areas cannot only be resolved at the coast alone but needs a ridge-to-reef perspective. Coastal ecosystems are interconnected with upland and lowland ecosystems (Figure 1). Solid and liquid waste, agricultural runoffs, polluted inland waters as well as illegal logging heavily affect the coastal areas and the municipal waters. Siltation of rivers due to deforestation can lead to coral reef destruction.

The Philippine Fisheries Code recognizes that coastal ecosystems span several municipalities; hence, the management of contiguous coastal resources shall be done in an integrated manner and shall not be based on political subdivisions. However, the development, management, conservation and allocation systems of coastal ecosystems still lack an integrated and ridge-toreef perspective at the local level.

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Challenges in planning and managing the coastal environment

“With SCoRe, we are now capable and better service providers.

Our environment program particularly on coastal management is now integrated and able to cope with the challenges from the changing climatic conditions. The province established the Coastal Fisheries Resources Management Unit (CFRMU) that integrates and consolidates efforts in all the coastal municipalities as we codified our environment guidelines. Further, we have promoted and facilitated a mangrove belt, which increased to more than 75 hectares, as a mitigation and adaptation measure to climate change.”

Eva Abad, CFRMU Head, Southern Leyte

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Challenges in planning and managing the coastal environment

Planning and management tools, such as the coastal resources management (CRM) plans, have always been limited to the coastline without integration to other prescribed plans, such as those for infrastructure, tourism, solid waste management or the Comprehensive Land Use Plan.

The conflicting guidelines on the delineation and delimitation of municipal waters were resolved with the issuance of Department of Agriculture Administrative Order No. 01 series of 2004. Yet, most of the municipal waters have not been properly delineated.

In addition, the lack of water use zoning categories in the 2006 Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) guidelines for the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) made it difficult to properly plan and manage coastal areas. Proper zonation techniques to limit the use of coastal resources and allow for restoration are not in place.

Given these complexities, addressing both spatial and temporal integration will be necessary to address the interconnectedness of ecoystems towards sustainable development.

Existence of multiple actors and interests There are more than 20 government agencies with various policy, regulatory, planning, research and development functions in the coastal and marine environment (Figure 2). These agencies share different responsibilities for coastal management with local government units. Overlapping mandates and unclear guidelines exacerbate the situation wherein local governments find themselves in a fragmented policy framework. Institutional mechanisms for coordination among various sectors and levels of government have not been sufficiently put in place.

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© Photo by Jacqueline Hernandez

Although cities and municipalities have jurisdictions over coastal resources, the Philippine Fisheries Code encourages local governments that share ecosystems to group themselves and coordinate with each other to achieve integrated fishery resources. Yet, proper venues for cooperation on the basis of Inter-Local Cooperations are not yet part of the overall policy framework of coastal management.

Most of the local government units have not attempted to change the prevailing open-access regime in their municipal waters. Although provisions in the Philippine Fisheries Code allow to implement more regulatory measures to limit access for the harvest of coastal and fishery resources, they are often not used by the local government units.

In addition, the Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management Councils (FARMCs), as representatives of fisherfolk, are not consulted or properly involved in the management of the coast, which reduces the acceptability and the ownership of the measures taken by the local government units.

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SCoRe improves governance of coastal areas SCoRe is based on the Integrated Coastal Management concept promoted through relevant national laws and international commitments to ensure the sustainable development of the country’s coastal and marine environment and resources based on carrying capacity.

SCoRe enables local governments to plan and manage their coastal environment. SCoRe aims to improve the governance of coastal areas by placing special emphasis on ridge-to-reef planning and management. In addition, SCoRe has enhanced implementation mechanisms related to the formulation of improved policies to enable effective planning and management, institutional arrangements, and appropriate technologies to stabilize marine ecosystems and increase the income of fishing communities. Finally, it aims to strengthen the role of multiple stakeholders, such as Inter-Local Cooperations and FARMCs, to empower fishing communities and increase their participation in coastal management.

SCoRe was jointly developed with partners of the Environment and Rural Development Program. In achieving sustainable natural resource management through the ridge-to-reef planning in the country, SCoRe complements other GIZ-supported knowledge products namely: • Sustainable Integrated Management and Planning for Local Government Ecosystems (SIMPLE) • Management of Resources on Forestlands through Enhanced Sustainable Technologies (MOREFORESTs) • Local Flood Early Warning Systems (LFEWS) • Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility with Sanitary Landfill and Resource Recovery Technologies (Eco-Center) • Rural Economy Advancement through Cash-for-Work for Households (REACH) 12

SCoRe Policy support and contributions Call for the pursuit for sustainable development for the marine and coastal environment As articulated in the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) has escalated as the central framework for achieving sustainable development in coastal and ocean management. The Philippines is a signatory to Agenda 21, which provided recommendations for nearly all major fields of environmental management, and, in particular, recommended that nations with coastlines consider the adoption and implementation of ICM. The Philippines passed two key legislative measures to signify adherence to Agenda 21 and adopt ICM. The first was the Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160), which marked the beginning of devolution of ICM responsibilities to the local governments. Aside from the broad provisions of the Local Government Code pertaining to maintenance of ecological integrity, some specific functions were devolved to local government units, i.e. fishing regulations.

The second was the Fisheries Code of 1998 (RA 8550) (see Table 1) which stipulates that the management of fishery and aquatic resources must be consistent with the concept of an Integrated Coastal Management. It also reinforced the primary mandate of local governments in the management of nearshore municipal waters and recognized the importance of active participation of local fisherfolk and coastal communities through the establishment of Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Councils (MFARMCs).

Although the Local Government Code mandates the local government units to prepare their respective comprehensive land use plans, a coastal land use planning system has not been fully established. On the other hand, the Philippine Fisheries Code has attempted to address more concerns related to coastal resources, but its main focus remains on fishery and aquatic resources and has little connection to other prescribed plans such as the Comprehensive Land Use Plan.

Coastal resource management at the local level Chapter 3, Article II, Sec. 74, of the Philippine Fisheries Code states that local governments can develop their own municipal fishery development plans (in common practice referred to as Coastal Resource Management (CRM) or Coastal Fisheries Resources Management (CFRM) Plans. The CRM or CFRM plan is an integral part of the overall ICM framework at the local level. Its integration into the CLUP gives every ICM program a ridge-to-reef perspective. The CLUP will provide further important elements needed to implement an ICM program, such as intervention strategies at the forest areas or pollution control mechanisms.

The Coastal Resources Management (CRM) planning process, adapted for the Philippine local governments, has five phases (Figure 3).

SCoRe also builds on the guidelines for delineation and delimitation of municipal waters (DAAO No. 01, series of 2004), and contributes to the guidelines on Comprehensive Land Use Planning of the HLURB (2006) by setting the physical limits to the CRM plan and including zoning categories for possible inclusion into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP). Plan monitoring and budget links are likewise emphasized.

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SCoRe Policy support and contributions

National policy and legal framework Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Issue identification and baseline assessment

CRM plan preparation and adoption

Action plan and project implementation

Phase 4

Local legislation

Information management, education and outreach

Coastal law enforcement Regulation

External revenue sources

Annual program preparation and budgeting

Revenue generation

Phase 5 Monitoring and evaluation

Multisectoral and Inter-LGU participation and resource sharing Figure 3. Coastal Resources Management Planning (Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of the Department of Agriculture, and Department of the Interior and Local Government. 2001. Philippine Coastal Management Guidebook No. 3: Coastal Resource Management Planning. Coastal Resource Management Project of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Cebu City, Philippines, 94 p.)

Furthermore, SCoRe also enhances the current planning for the coastal environment by considering the integration of emerging challenges, such as climate change and disaster risk management, through incorporating coastal vulnerability assessments, to directly contribute to the Climate Change Act (RA 9729) and the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121).

SCoRe recognizes that ICM not only emphasizes the integration of management across ecosystems, from ridge to reef, but also the integration of resource managers’ efforts to collaboratively solve complex problems that span sectoral concerns, ecosystems, institutions and political boundaries.

The current planning process often excludes the participation of fisherfolk, and this reduces the

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SCoRe Policy support and contributions

Table 1. Policy context for SCoRe Year adopted

Key relevant policy or framework

Selected provisions / description of objective

1991

Local Government Code (RA 7160)

• Chapter 3, Article III, Sec. 33: Cooperative Undertakings Among Local Government Units. - Local government units may, through appropriate ordinances, group themselves, consolidate, or coordinate their efforts, services, and resources for purposes commonly beneficial to them.

• Chapter 3, Article I Sec. 26 Duty of National Government Agencies in the Maintenance of Ecological Balance. - It shall be the duty of every national agency or governmentowned or -controlled corporation authorizing or involved in the planning and implementation of any project or program that may cause pollution, climatic change, depletion of non-renewable resources, loss of crop land, rangeland, or forest cover, and extinction of animal or plant species, to consult with the local government units, non-government organizations, and other sectors concerned and explain the goals and objectives of the project or program, its impact upon the people and the community in terms of environmental or ecological balance, and the measures that will be undertaken to prevent or minimize the adverse effects thereof.

1998

Philippine Fisheries Code (RA 8550)

• The Fisheries Code is a codification of several fishery laws that lay out the conservation of fisheries and aquatic resources • Espouses provisions on access to resources in the municipal waters and integrated management consistent with the inter-local cooperation by the Local Government Code of 1991 and the institutionalized participation of the fisherfolk through the FARMC

1998

Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (RA 8435)

• Provides the framework for the industrialization of agriculture including fisheries and the development of specialized agro-industrial zones called Strategic Agricultural and Fisheries Development Zones

2011

The Philippine Development Plan (2011-2016)

• Chapter 4 (Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Fisheries Sector) to improve food security and increase rural incomes, increase sector resilience to climate change risks and enhance policy environment and governance • Chapter 10 (Environment and Natural Resources Sector) to conserve the remaining natural resources and preserve a clean and healthy environment • Improved conservation, protection and rehabilitation of natural resources. Integrated ecosystem-based management will continue to be adopted as a major strategy for sustainable natural resource management

2006

EO 533 (Integrated Coastal Management)

• Provides the national strategy, policy and institutional framework for sustainable development of the coastal and marine resources

2011

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121)

• Provides institutional framework and strategies for the prevention and management of disasters at local government levels. This is incorporated in the comprehensive ecosystem planning of the local governments

2010

National Framework Strategy on Climate Change

• Guideline for local governments to formulate, plan and implement climate change action plans with the aim of building an economically stable and ecologically sustainable local government

2009

The Climate Change Act

• Ensures and strengthens the adaptation and resiliency of the natural ecosystems and human communities to climate change

2009

• Comprehensive Land Use Plan-Comprehensive Development Plan (CLUP-CDP) Joint Memorandum Circular 2009 integration for the Harmonization of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan and the Comprehensive Development Plan

1998

Joint Memorandum Circular (JMC) No. 1, Series of 1999 and succeeding amendments

• Created the National Convergence Initiative to develop and operationalize a common framework for sustainable rural development that will facilitate the convergence of the resources of the three agencies (DA, DAR, DENR) to maximize the impact on countryside development

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acceptability and the ownership of the measures taken. Furthermore, clustering themselves into Inter-Local Cooperations as provided in Sec.3 (f ), 33, of the Local Government Code (RA 7160) can be one innovative answer to respond to cross-border concerns such as uncoordinated law enforcement or shared critical habitats.

The passage of EO 533 in 2006 signified the Philippines’ commitment to the implementation of the ICM as the national strategy. It ensures the sustainable development of the country’s coastal and marine environment and resources as well as the establishment of supporting mechanisms for its implementation. The EO underlines once again that ICM needs a ridgeto-reef approach. The EO includes important elements such as watershed management, pollution control, waste management and the involvement of the private sector. However, a specific planning and management process has not been provided yet. SCoRe intends to fill this gap.

Overall, SCoRe supports the national ICM framework and contributes to the Philippine Development Plan (2011-2016) and other relevant laws in the pursuit of governance and sustainable development programs focusing on biodiversity and habitat conservation, protection and restoration management, as well as food security and climate change adaptation by putting into practice effective governance, establishing active partnerships and strengthening of technical capacities.

SCoRe

Goals and objectives • SCoRe: An overview • The two pillars of SCoRe • The cross-cutting elements of SCoRe • Stakeholders’ roles

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SCoRe Goals and objectives

Coastal Resources Management Plan integration into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan as part of a “ridge-to-reef” approach SCoRe follows the ridge-to-reef approach as stipulated by the ICM framework of EO 533. It promotes the integration of the Coastal Resources Management Plan into the Municipal or City’s Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP), the main guiding document for the local government unit to manage its resources and to provide local governments with a management tool to implement an ICM program.

SCoRe has close links to SIMPLE, an integrated ridge-to-reef approach.

The CLUP provides for the planning and management strategies of

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SCoRe Goals and objectives

“We are now capable to prepare, implement, monitor and update our 5-year Coastal Fisheries Resources Management (CFRM) Plan. The awareness among the people and the officials on the coastal environment has increased.”

Engr. Ami Ambagan, Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator Muncipality of Hinoba-an and Executive Director of the Southern Negros Coastal Development and Management Council

upland, lowland and coastal ecosystems. Activities in the uplands and the pollution generated in the built-up areas will affect the coastal areas, particularly the coral reef habitat. One of the main aspects of the CLUP is water use zoning on the basis of municipal water boundary delineation and delimitation and coastal resource assessment.

Joint resource management through Inter-Local Cooperation The interconnectedness of coastal ecosystems requires both joint planning and cross-border cooperation among local government units. Shared rivers or other critical habitats such as mangrove forests or seagrass beds can only be managed jointly. Law enforcement likewise requires cooperation to guarantee a unified enforcement framework across municipalities.

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SCoRe Goals and objectives

Harmonized or unified enforcement plans through Inter-Local Cooperation are appropriate instruments to this end.

Increase income and food security Habitat protection and fisheries regulation measures both contribute to increasing the income of local communities and securing their food source in the long run.

Improve fishery regulation SCoRe emphasizes the importance of fisheries and promotes new and innovative strategies in support of existing guidelines on fisheries management for coastal local government units. These include a licensing system for fishing permits, a fishing vessel registration system, a description on how to implement open and close season for fish and other marine species, new ways of developing zoning and fishery ordinances, as well as tools for law enforcement trainings and the implementation of monitoring and evaluation at the local government unit level.

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SCoRe Goals and objectives

Improve habitat protection Marine protected areas serve as sanctuaries and spawning areas for marine species, and access to them has to be restricted in order to guarantee their functionality. Likewise, the access to the municipal waters outside the protected areas has to be regulated.

Empower and build local capacity One of the key success factors in the sustainable development of coastal areas is building the capacities of the people involved in planning and implementation. SCoRe helps local governments in institutionalizing and strengthening the FARMCs to perform their mandated functions.

Moreover, SCoRe promotes the participation of women, men and youth in resource management and fisheries development. Overall, by sharing a common vision and identifying appropriate measures for managing coastal and fisheries resources together, the acceptability and ownership of communities to observe coastal regulations are higher.

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SCoRe: An overview SCoRe aims to contribute to sustainable development of natural resources by improving the governance of coastal areas through enhancing the coastal resources management planning and its integration into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan in order to create a comprehensive ICM programs for the local government. In addition, SCoRe presents implementation mechanisms related to the formulation of improved policies to enable effective planning and management,

Sustainable Development of Natural SIMPLE Sustainable Integrated Management MOREFORESTs

SCoRe

Management of Resources on Forestlands through Enhanced Sustainable Technologies

Sustainable Coastal Resources (SCoRe) for the Philippines: Pillar 1 Coastal planning from ridge-to-reef Coastal Resources Management Plan (vulnerability assessment tools for coastal ecosystems, critical habitat and biodiversity assessments, guideline on cross-border cooperation through Inter-Local Cooperation) Coastal Resources Management Plan integration into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (SIMPLE Module 8.2)

Cross-cutting elements Capacity development: regional, provincial and municipal Incorporation of gender, conflict sensitivity, good governance 22

Monitoring and evaluation (e.g. PMM, MEAT, METT, underwater

SCoRe An overview

institutional arrangements, and appropriate technologies to stabilize marine ecosystems and increase the income of fishing communities. The cross-cutting elements of SCoRe are capacity development and monitoring and evaluation, as well as integration of gender, conflict sensitivity, good governance and climate change adaptation strategies.

Resources in the Philippines and Planning for Local Government Ecosystems Eco-Center

Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility with Sanitary Landfill and Resource Recovery Technologies

LFEWS

Local Flood Early Warning System

REACH

Rural Economy Advancement through Cash-for-Work for Households

To improve the local governance of coastal areas Pillar 2 Implementation mechanisms Fishery regulation (Fishing Vessel Registration, fisherfolk and gears registration, open and close season, Coastal Law Enforcement, and InterLocal Cooperation (ILC)-based Harmonized or Unified Fishery Ordinance) CRM-CLUP link ordinance (Creation or amendment and passage of fishery ordinance in accordance with the land and water use plan) Formation of ILC-based Coastal Law Enforcement Teams (Operational Plan)

Milestones and emerging results Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters Integration of CRM Plans into CLUP Increased budget allocations for Coastal Resources Management Plans Enhanced capacities of national and local government personnel Improved coastal law enforcement Critical habitats protected Better harvest Increased diversity and density of species

personnel (FARMCs, coastal law enforcers and communities), Inter-Local Cooperations and climate change adaptation strategies biodiversity assessments)

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The two pillars of SCoRe Pillar 1: Coastal planning from ridge-to-reef SCoRe’s coastal resources management planning process guides coastal area development in an ecologically sustainable fashion that employs interactive planning and an integrative, holistic management approach. CRM plans should include Coastal Habitat Protection, Coastal Fisheries Regulation and Coastal Law Enforcement as the basic parts needed for the Coastal Resources Management Plan’s integration into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP).

Critical habitats can either be protected through the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) or conserved by measures such as mangrove reforestation or the regulation of access and resource use.

With regard to addressing emerging challenges, SCoRe’s CRM planning process incorporates coastal vulnerability assessments to help analyze the needs for protection and management of critical areas to provide and maintain resiliency of coastal habitats and coastal communities. Keeping coral reefs intact and establishing mangrove belts are two important climate change adaptation measures local government units can undertake to efficiently protect their coastal ecosystems, as these are the defense against storm surges and coastal erosion. Habitats for crucial sea life are supported and people living in the coastline are protected.

SCoRe guides local governments in developing their coastal programs using an integrated ecosystems planning perspective (ridge-to-reef ) with the inclusion of Coastal Resources Management Plans in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP). SIMPLE’s Module 8: Integrating Forest Land Use and Coastal Resources Management Plans into Comprehensive Land Use Plan and the Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan, one of SIMPLE’s 11 modules, can be referred to for details. SIMPLE’s Module 8.2 on CRM-CLUP Integration specifically contains descriptions and steps taken in the mainstreaming of Coastal Resources Management Plans into the CLUP. It also emphasizes the importance of delineating municipal water boundaries and water use zoning and the creation of appropriate municipal zoning and fisheries ordinances.

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Coastal zoning identifies the uses and determines whether these uses can be harmonized. Zones are not limited to fisheries activities alone but can also include tourism activities, commerce and industries, e.g. navigational zones or protected areas. The ancestral waters are also considered for indigenous peoples who may be claiming their rights under the Indigenous People’s Rights Act. SCoRe provides technical guidelines on the zoning of municipal waters up to 15km from the low water line and more than seven fathoms deep as required by the Philippine Fisheries Code (Sec.16-18) and the HLURB guidelines.

The two pillars of SCoRe Pillar 1: Coastal Resources Management Plan and its integration into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan

SCoRe utilizes the output generated in the delineation and delimitation of municipal waters by further subdividing the area into different use and management unit zones. It aims to resolve resource use conflicts and create the appropriate coastal use zones that will be integrated to the local zoning ordinance as the main legal instrument to implement the CLUP. The formulated and enacted zoning ordinance should include provisions for enforcement of the identified water use zones.

Joint planning exercise among local governments through Inter-Local Cooperation SCoRe provides basic guidelines to local government units in creating cross-border cooperation through Inter-Local Cooperations. Inter-Local Cooperations engage in joint CRM planning and harmonizing policies and regulations, such as the harmonized or unified fishery ordinances or synchronized and joint law enforcement. Issues such as boundary conflicts of municipal waters, water use zonation and fisheries regulations are tackled at the alliance level and endorsed to the province.

Participatory Monitoring Tool SCoRe provides tools and training materials to monitor and evaluate the impact of the local ICM program. For instance, a Process Monitoring Matrix (PMM) was devised to monitor the progress of local government unit partners in the implementation of their ICM program. Local government units have also been capacitated to carry out both land-based and underwater assessments, and to apply participatory approaches to determine the state of local resources.

25

The two pillars of SCoRe Pillar 2: Implementation mechanisms

The two pillars of SCoRe

Pillar 2: Implementation mechanisms SCoRe has enhanced implementation mechanisms related to the formulation of improved policies to enable effective planning and management, institutional arrangements, and appropriate technologies to stabilize marine ecosystems and to increase the income of fishing communities.

Finally, it aims to strengthen the roles of multiple stakeholders to increase their participation in coastal management.

Fishery regulation One of the primary goals of fishery regulation is limiting fishing effort based on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. This is necessary to ensure sustainability.

Fishing Vessel Registration (FVR) software and manual The fishery licensing system grants fisherfolk the preferential right to gain access to the fishery resources and to engage in fishing activities within the municipal waters. The local government unit has the exclusive authority to award fishery privileges in the municipal waters such as fishing rentals, fees or charges, and, particularly, to issue licenses for the operation of municipal fishing vessels. This involves the establishment of a licensing system that covers the fisherfolk, gears and boats for each operator in the local

26

The two pillars of SCoRe Pillar 2: Implementation mechanisms

government unit as prescribed by Sec.17 of the Philippine Fisheries Code and Sec.149 of the Local Government Code.

In addition, the maintenance by local governments of a registry of municipal fishing vessels with the assistance of the FARMCs is also mandated by the Philippine Fisheries Code (Chapter 2, Article 1, Sec.19). The innovation of the Fishing Vessel Registration software uses the postal codes (ZIP codes) to register fishing vessels. The registration codes are painted on the vessel itself to ease the identification of the boat at sea. The software incorporates photo documentation of the fishing vessel and ship owner; and automatically generates reports on boat status, violations, etc. The software incorporates photo documentation of the fishing vessel and boat owner.

Open and close seasons for fish and other marine species This requires certain areas to be closed for fishing, for example, during the spawning season. The closed season will allow fish and other marine species to spawn and reproduce undisturbed. This can lead to a higher catch during the open season while the species population remains stable or increases.

Fees or taxes can be applied during harvest season to provide additional income for local government units.

Inter-Local Cooperation-based Harmonized or Unified Fishery Ordinance and Coastal Law Enforcement Inter-Local Cooperations Inter-Local Cooperations or Alliances do not only share common geographical boundaries and ecosystems but likewise common concerns such as open access, boundary conflicts, unregulated harvest of resources, resource depletion, uncoordinated law enforcement and lack of harmonized policies.

Inter-Local Cooperations transcend political boundaries and provide coordinated actions that in effect bring down the expense in delivering the services (economies of scale) and develop a shared and common agenda among the local government units such as the resolution of municipal water boundary conflicts with adjacent local government units. SCoRe strengthens the Inter-Local Cooperations through joint CRM planning and the harmonization of policies, such as the Harmonized or Unified Fishery Ordinance (H/UFO) or joint and Inter-Local Cooperations-based law enforcement.

27

The two pillars of SCoRe Pillar 2: Implementation mechanisms

The two pillars of SCoRe

Pillar 2: Implementation mechanisms of SCoRe

Harmonized or Unified Municipal Fisheries Ordinance The harmonized or unified municipal fisheries ordinance (H/UFO) contains provisions on fees, penalties and allowed gears. This should be based on a common plan, which shares the same management objectives.

The H/UFO provides the basis for the establishment of the Alliance-Based Coastal Law Enforcement Team (ABCLET). The ABCLET can enforce and apprehend across local government unit’s borders within the Alliance area. The H/UFO may also allow for a unified permitting system with harmonized fees and fines for violators.

Formation of Inter-Local Cooperation-based Coastal Law Enforcement Teams ILCs may opt to establish Alliance-Based Coastal Law Enforcement Teams (ABCLETs). These are made up of a composite team of PNP law enforcers, deputized Bantay Dagat volunteers and personnel from the local government. The Alliance formulates a law enforcement operational plan which establishes team’s jurisdiction over the contiguous municipal waters. The operational plan can consist of seaborne operations, landbased operations (such as market denial) and check point operations.

Also, the operational plan consists of roles and functions of the individual members as well as administrative and logistical requirements in carrying out the plans.

28

The cross-cutting elements of SCoRe Capacity development tools and approaches support the two pillars of SCoRe. The knowledge modules developed to support capacity-building are specified in Table 3. The key factors for success in any management of coastal fisheries resources are the knowledge and skills of the people involved. SCoRe provides guidelines and capacity trainings on effective monitoring, surveillance and enforcement at the municipal as well as the alliance levels. These trainings include basic and advanced paralegal orientations, fish examiner’s certification, use of GPS and map reading. Given the limited funds and manpower, most of the local government units rely on volunteer law enforcers from the coastal communities. These volunteers are not regular law enforcement personnel like the Philippine National Police, thus they require additional technical and skills trainings.

Incorporating gender and conflict sensitivity will be guided by the SIMPLE Modules 4 and 5, respectively.

As mentioned in the section on Pillar 1, SCoRe uses a Process Monitoring Matrix (PMM) as a tool for participatory planning and implementation by local governments. SCoRe also promotes effective MPA management and monitoring and evaluation through the use of the Management Effectiveness Assessment Tool (MEAT) and Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT).

29

SCoRe Stakeholders’ roles

Stakeholders’ roles SCoRe has been jointly implemented with fisherfolk communities and their FARMCs, the provincial governments, municipalities and cities, BFAR and DENR as it requires multisectoral and multistakeholder participation. Table 2 specifies the key stakeholders in the successful implementation of SCoRe. It is important that both the municipal and provincial governments prioritize ICM as one of their basic services. The City or Municipality plays a major role in managing the municipal waters, whereas the provincial government is tasked to integrate and consolidate the local initiatives at the provincial level. At the same time, the Provinces provide the strategic framework for ICM programs based on the Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan.

The Provincial Environment Management Office (or its equivalent) or the Office of the Provincial Agriculturist manages the provincial program and supports the municipal implementing teams in their ICM programs.

The Office of the Municipal Agriculture and/or the Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO) are tasked to convene stakeholders regarding ICM concerns and to coordinate with the concerned national agencies. They assist in the organization and mentoring of the FARMCs and provide extension services and technical advise to the fisherfolks.

Table 2. Stakeholder overview Level

Stakeholder

Roles

Region

DENR

• ICM implementation lead agency, MPA planning and management, Environmental Impact Assessment-related activities, mangrove conservation

BFAR

• Fisheries management, fishpond licensing, FARMC support, fisherfolk and fishing gear registration, livelihood support

PNP

• Coastal law enforcement

Planning Office, Environment Office, etc.

• Lead actor at provincial level, provides planning framework through Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan, technical assistance to local government units and ILCs through Provincial Implementing Team or Trainer Pool in conjunction with SIMPLE, support to monitoring and evaluation, enforcement, legislative and financial matters

Province

Inter-Local Executive • Networking on ICM-related programs; Inter-Local Cooperation-based Cooperations (ILCs) Director, Board or planning and joint law enforcement; support for harmonized or unified law or Alliances Council enforcement plans; joint planning and management

30

Municipality or City Planning, Agriculture or Environment Office

• Planning, regulation, legislation, law enforcement, revenue generation, technical assistance, training, monitoring and evaluation; preparation of CRM Plan and CLUP

Barangay

MPA Managers, Council, FARMC, CLET

• MPA management and establishment, monitoring, Sangguniang Barangay resolutions or ordinances, law enforcement, voluntary services

Community

FARMC network

• Coastal fisheries programs implementation; assists in data collection, endorse fishery ordinances, supports coastal law enforcement activities, recommendatory body on management options on coastal/municipal waters utilization for legislation

SCoRe

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management • Manuals and modules of SCoRe • Main costs estimates

31

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management The approach describes the processes based on CRM/CFRM implementation and experiences, but with adjustments in the planning process through the adoption of the ridge-to-reef approach, hence the overall reference to ICM.

Pillar 1 Coastal planning from ridge-to-reef

1 Consultation with the Local Government and community

1 Establishment of the ICM

STEP

Planning Group in support to the local government unit Planning Committee

2

STEP

Establishment of an ICM Network or Technical Working Group (TWG) at the Provincial Level

2 Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters

survey 1 Field and validation

STEP

of technical coordinates

2

STEP

Consultation and validation with affected coastal barangays in adjacent government units

3 Technical description by

4

3 Assessment of resources

of 1 Gathering secondary data

STEP

2

STEP

Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA) Workshop including Vulnerability Assessments for Coastal Ecosystems (ICSEA CChange)

Integration of Coastal Resources Management (CRM) Plans into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)

and 1 Evaluation consolidation of

STEP

of the 2 Review past CRM activities

STEP

STEP

data from resource assessments

STEP

3

Review of the national laws and Municipal or City Fisheries Ordinances

4

Formulation of the CRM plan: Determine CRM vision elements and descriptors, development goals and strategies

STEP

STEP

3

STEP

Orientation seminars with local government unit and Coastal Community on ICM including discussions and rapid assessment of local situation

4 Consultations with local

STEP

government unit and all relevant stakeholders on potential partnership towards sustainable ICM

DENR NAMRIA

4

STEP

Passage of Sangguniang Bayan/Sangguniang Panlungsod resolution with FARMC endorsement

of 5 Preparation Municipal Water

STEP

boundary ordinance

6

STEP

Establishment of boundary/land markers

3

STEP

Technical/ scientific survey studies (underwater assessments, CIVAT, TURF)

STEP

Feedbacking and

validation for 4 field geo-referencing

STEP

Packaging of

Incorporation

CRM vision 5 ofelements and

STEP

descriptors in the City or Municipal Vision

5 updated coastal

STEP

fishery profile with maps

Integration of data

PCRA and 6 from other assessments

STEP

into sectoral/ cross-sectoral analysis for CLUP

Agreement on

5 partnership with the local

STEP

government units, including roles and responsibilities for successful collaboration

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of CRM 7 Integration outcome areas into

STEP

CLUP goals and objectives

8 Incorporation of CRM data in

CLUP development concept

the 9 Defining water use zones

in relation to the land use plan (ex., protection and production areas, hazard zones)

of the 10 Approval land and water STEP

use plan

SCoRe The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

Pillar 2 Implementation mechanisms

5

6

7

Formulation and legitimization of municipal water zones

Implementation of ICM

Monitoring and evaluation

of a 1 Preparation draft land and

STEP

water zoning ordinance

2 Public consultations

STEP

with stakeholders on the draft

Integration of

3

STEP

4

STEP

Enactment of Zoning Ordinance

budget and expenditure management

zones (ex. Marker buoys for MPAs)

STEP

plan. The M&E plan should contain indicators and tools to monitor them (who will monitor, when, what data and how to gather them, etc.)

(e.g. MPA management or coastal law enforcement operations)

2 Formation of ILC habitat 3 Coastal protection and 7 Implementation of revenue

STEP

STEP

conservation of biodiversity

4

STEP

Physical marking

the different 5 ofmunicipal water

STEP

1 bebasedfirstondeveloped CRM

regulatory 6 ofmeasures

STEP

STEP

Formulation and enactment of municipal fishery ordinances

M&E plan should

Enforcement

into the 1 ICM regular annual

STEP

Formulation and enactment of Harmonized or Unified Fisheries Ordinances

generation programs in line with coastal fisheries regulation

5 Establishment of ABCLET or

STEP

Organization of

team at 2 M&E local government

STEP

level, province and alliance level. This should correspond to the M&E plan requirement

plan 3 M&E implementation

individual law enforcement teams

STEP

SCoRe consists of three manuals and respective modules.

To know more about these modules, refer to the succeeding page (Table 3).

Module 1

ICM Planning and Management Manual

Module 2

Marine Fisheries Regulation Manual

Module 3

FARMC Mentoring Guidebook

33

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

Manuals and modules of SCoRe Table 3. Description of the SCoRe manuals and its modules Integrated Coastal Management Planning and Management Manual Modules

Description

ICM Planning and Management for local governments and Alliances (“Inter-Local Cooperations”): A Reference Guide

• Focuses on existing processes and documents to guide user, including ICM contribution to Alliances, makes reference to ILC national policies, reference to habitat protection and MPA management, links to Climate Change Adaptation and Coastal Vulnerability Assessments

Case studies

• Provides experience on Alliance-based municipal water delineation, delimitation and water use zoning

Integration of CRM Plans into CLUP

• This training module is part of the SIMPLE Toolkit and gives a detailed account of all relevant topics for CRM plan integration into CLUP and water use zoning

Collection of tools and templates

• This contains templates and files on monitoring (gender, conflict, Participatory Monitoring Matrix) templates of ordinances, flow charts, etc.

Modules

Description

Overview on Fishery Regulation

• Provides basic orientation on fisheries management and different effective fisheries regulation strategies for the coastal local government units

Harmonized or Unified Fishery Ordinance

• Describes how to write and pass a harmonized or unified fishery ordinance

Marine Fisheries Regulation Manual

Law enforcement: Local government • Tools and mechanisms to build law enforcement teams for individual local government unit and Alliance-based units or Alliances; contains basic policies governing the municipal waters and guidelines on coastal law enforcement operations including paralegal training for coastal law enforcers Fishing Vessel Registration Software • Provides software and a manual for a fishing vessel registration system and Manual complementing the fishing gears and fisherfolk registry established at the local government unit level Increase of local government unit revenue through harvest levies/ taxes

• Description of options how to levy fees and taxes on certain harvest products, which can generate additional funds for the local government unit’s ICM programs

Open and close seasons

• Description of methodologies for open and close harvest season for a variety of marine species

Experience on law enforcement: Alliance-based and individual local government units

• Provides experiences and case studies on law enforcement in project areas using SCoRe

FARMC Mentoring Guidebook

Contains tools and training materials to organize and strengthen FARMCs at the municipal and barangay level

34

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

1

Consultation with the Local Government and community

The starting point of SCoRe involves familiarization with key stakeholders and identifying the major players in ICM activities at the municipal and provincial local government level as well as at the community level. This process is most crucial in gaining the support of the Local Chief Executives, local government unit personnel and coastal communities to the ICM program.

From SCoRe’s on-the-ground experiences, involving the FARMC and the community at all the stages of ICM provided these ICM beneficiaries a sense of ownership, thus generating stronger support at the grassroots levels. When providing orientation sessions, topics for discussion include: coastal habitats and their protection, delineation and delimitation of municipal waters, zoning of municipal waters, coastal law enforcement, coastal fisheries regulation, functions and roles of FARMCs, CLUP, climate change and ICM-related economic enterprises (mariculture, aquaculture, ecotourism, etc.). Further, details of the steps and materials to be used can be found in: ICM Planning and Management for Local Government Units and Alliances (“ILC”): A Reference Guide and the FARMC Mentoring Guidebook.

35

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

2

Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters

The process of delineation and delimitation define the boundaries of the municipal waters. This involves consultations and agreements with neighboring local government units on the water boundaries based on DA-AO No. 01, Series of 2004. The National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA) is authorized to carry out municipal water delineation and delimitation, and SCoRe promotes the agency’s archipelagic principle in delineating coastal local government units with offshore islands. Detailed steps of the processes are described in Session 8.2.2 of the SIMPLE Trainers Toolkit.

“Before we didn’t know how to manage our municipal waters. With the roadmap and support in developing the capacities of the local personnel, we are able to manage our resources better. We can now mentor neighboring municipalities on the roadmap.

We can be a big brother to them.”

Amado Acasio, Municipal Agriculturist, Maasin, Southern Leyte

36

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

3

Assessment of resources

The goal of this step is to assess the status of the municipal coastal and marine resources. The various processes include gathering of primary and secondary data using the Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA) to preferably be supplemented by other more technical or scientific surveys. Focusing on resource assessment from the perspective of local coastal users, the FARMCs can be tapped to gather basic fisheries information such as fish landing data during the PCRA process. SCoRe promotes the use of the same coastal vulnerability assessment tools endorsed by the DOST, DENR and CCC. The detailed steps and materials to be used can likewise be found in Session 8.2.3 of the SIMPLE Trainers Toolkit.

37

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

4

Integration of Coastal Resources Management (CRM) Plans into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan

The integration of the Coastal Resources Management Plan into the CLUP is described in detail in Session 8.2.4 of the SIMPLE Trainers Toolkit, It aims to enrich the understanding and appreciation for coastal and fisheries resources in land use planning so that the town’s land and water use become coherent. As such, the development and regulatory measures become consistent with the proposed coastal management and land use zones.

The key steps in relation to the CLUP process include: Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) steps/description

Coastal Resources Management (CRM) inputs

Getting organized

• Municipal or City Agriculturist is added to the Planning Team (PT) • Coastal Resources Management Plan Technical Working Group (TWG) becomes part of the Planning Team- TWG as a sub-Team

Visioning

• CRM vision elements and descriptors are considered in revisiting the City or Municipal local government Vision (the Vision Statement that is agreed upon if coastal elements are prominent is always part of processes in the four succeeding CLUP steps

Situational analysis

• Processed data from CRM plan situational analysis are integrated into the process of sectoral-cross-sectoral analysis. This includes among others data from PCRA, technical surveys, and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) - Disaster Risk Reduction Vulnerability Assessments

Setting the goals and objectives

• CRM outcome areas are included in the formulation of goals and objectives

Establishing development thrusts and spatial strategies

• Ensuring CRM data in development concept, considerably the coastal zones, plays a major part in protection or production purposes

Preparing land use plan

• Tabulation and delineation of proposed or existing major uses of coastal land and marine areas with the proposed overall land and water use. Here, coastal maps are relevant for proposed land use.

• CRM policies to govern functional areas are added here; these policies are reviewed during this step in terms of coherence and consistency with policies of forest and lowland ecosystems to preclude conflicting policies upon implementation.

38

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

5

Formulation and legitimization of municipal water zones

The agreements reached during the CRM planning process on water use zoning and other areas have to be integrated into the CLUP. Public hearings of the CLUP and the endorsement of the CLUP and Zoning Ordinance by the FARMC or a local council will formalize the zoning arrangements.

With the approval of the CLUP and the Zoning Ordinance by the Provincial Legislative Council (SP) the local government unit can start implementing its provisions (SIMPLE Trainer’s Toolkit under Session 8.2.5). Figure 4 shows the Land and Water Use Map of the Municipality of Hinoba-an in Negros Occidental.

Municipal fisheries ordinances (MFOs) will formalize other provisions and details of the CRM plan, such as the granting of fishing licenses, privileges and concessions, imposition of fees, rentals and levies of fishing activities and products, establishment of marine protected areas, and fisheries regulation strategies. The provisions also include the creation and funding of a fishery management office, FARMCs, People’s Organizations and Fishery Law Enforcement Teams.

Figure 4. Proposed Land and Water Uses Map of the Municipality of Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

39

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

6

Implementation of ICM

The implementation of ICM must be supported by several steps such as the adoption of the plans by the legislative council, integration into the regular annual budget and expenditure management, enforcement of regulatory measures such as the establishment of MPAs or coastal law enforcement operations and revenue generation to support the programs. Implementation is not only limited to the identified key actors in the local government or national agencies but must include the coastal communities, NGOs, private sectors and civil society organizations. Furthermore, the FARMC can provide manpower support in the implementation and the enforcement of the protected areas and help in the regulation of the open and close harvest seasons.

It is in the actual implementation of ICM where the formation of Inter-Local Cooperations (ILC) is deemed a necessary means by which to conserve and manage shared ecosystems and coastal resources. It is through ILCs that the Municipal Fisheries Ordinances mentioned in Phase 5 may be further harmonized among local government units sharing the same resources, issues or objectives with other ILC members. The member local governments, through local resolutions and MOAs, develop Harmonized or Unified Fisheries Ordinances (H/UFO), which are consistent and nonconflicting across the ILC. At the same time they allow for certain provisions (fees, timing of regulation) to be regulated in individual ordinances in compliance with the H/UFO.

“With the alliance-based coastal law enforcement (ABCLET), the municipalities within the Leyte Gulf are now communicating better. We were able to map out and discuss issues and concerns on illegal fishing Leyte Gulf wide. To address this, we initially agreed to make our fisheries ordinance uniform on major concerns such as on penalties, fees and gears.

Further, we also facilitated boat color mechanisms.

Our enforcement is now improving, as our apprehensions are increasing and we continue to closely collaborate.”

Jessica Piamonte, Fisheries Technician of Mayorga, Leyte and member of the Technical Working Group of ALFARMDC

40

The SCoRe approach to Integrated Coastal Management

7

Monitoring and evaluation

A monitoring and evaluation plan is an integral part of ICM. The monitoring plan lays out the data to be collected, the manner of collection, and the regularity by which this data and information will be collected, analyzed and interpreted. Monitoring tools and instruments, annotated forms and templates are also made available, discussed and agreed upon. Most importantly, the terms of reference (ToR) outlining the roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders involved in monitoring shall also be prepared. Finally, the overall ICM monitoring function should be coordinated by a designated local government personnel (e.g. MAO).

A Process Monitoring Matrix (PMM) can be used to monitor progress of the ICM interventions.

The PMM is a self-rating tool, which is divided into four major processes namely consultation, CRM planning, ICM implementation, and monitoring and evaluation.

Biophysical monitoring and evaluation methods that measure the management effectiveness of MPAs can be used, such as low-cost, less technical surveys, as prescribed by the BFAR and DENR (e.g. Coral Reef Monitoring for Management, 2010 ed. or the MPA Management Effectiveness Assessment Tool). Monitoring teams composed of fishery technicians have to be capacitated with certain skills, such as underwater surveying, to do the monitoring.

41

SCoRe Main costs estimates The overall costs per province and per Municipality or City depend on the number of trainers trained, the number of barangays per town and the amount and number of equipment purchased.

Table 4 provides an estimate based on experience.

Table 4: Main costs estimates of SCoRe Cost items

Step with the 1 Consultation Local Government and community

Cost (PhP)

Organization and institution building, establishment of TWG/ICM network as the steering body (province and municipal level), ICM orientation and partnership building, capacity building and tools provision for technical personnel (training of trainers), GIS training provided by Provincial GIS Unit

Cost incurred by the province

248,000

ICM orientation, technology of participation and facilitation, program management cycle, gender and conflict

Cost incurred by the municipality

259,775

Subtotal

507,775

Delineation/Delimitation of municipal waters, municipal water delineation survey including identification of marine protected areas, orientation on the delineation process, field validation and delineation mapping, publication of the initial map, public hearing and consultations, validation and temporary delineation in case of boundary conflict, GIS training, submission and dissemination of the final ordinance on the municipal water boundaries to the different concerned agencies and stakeholders

291,000

Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA), resource assessments (for proposed and existing MPAs), vulnerability assessments, monitoring and evaluation training (RBM, resource assessments)

554,500

CRM Planning Workshop, MPA management planning, CRM planning of CRM 4 Integration Plans to the CLUP-CDP integrated to CDP/CLUP Zoning and formulation of fishery ordinances, municipal fishery ordinance and 5 Formulation writeshop, orientation and training of the Legislative Councils on the legitimization of

258,500

Delineation and

2 delimitation of

Municipal Waters

Assessment of

3 Resources

municipal water zones

330,800

formulation of comprehensive municipal fishery ordinance (alliance based), orientation and training of the Chief Executives on ICM (alliance based)

of Alliances, building of Alliance-based coastal law 6 Implementation of ICM Organization enforcement teams (ABCLET), paralegal trainings, honorarium of ABCLET,

749,650

Monitoring and evaluation of ICM program

40,000

synchronized patrolling and coastal law enforcement (depending on schedules and geographical location), production of information education campaign materials through social marketing, FARMC organization and mentoring, establishment of MPAs, installation of Fishing Vessel Registration (FVR) system, close and open season

7

Monitoring and evaluation

Per Municipality

2,484,225

Per Province

248,000

Total 2,732,225

42

Costing Remarks Step 3. Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA) amount depends on the coastline and number of coastal barangays. Resource Assessments (for proposed and existing MPAs), such as underwater surveys, depend on the existing resources eg. coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass beds.

Step 4. MPA management planning will depend on the no. of MPAs and the size of each management board. Activity costings for the establishment of MPAs, (resource assessments, consultations/public hearings, management planning, legislation and publication, deployment of buoys, logistical support including buoys/markers and billboards, enforcement, education and monitoring) is for a 25-hectare MPA. Step 6. Implementation of ICM: Operation cost and salaries/honorarium depends on the number of law enforcers and extent of the municipal waters.

SCoRe

Emerging results • Lessons learned and success factors

43

SCoRe Emerging results

SCoRe Emerging Results 54 municipalities and cities in five provinces have so far used the methods described by SCoRe (Antique, Western Samar, Leyte, Negros Occidental and Southern Leyte). The following can be seen as emerging results from the implementation of SCoRe:

Coastal resources planning and management across borders has improved

“SCoRe empowered us, the implementers, the staff, to manage our coastal resources as well as the connected upland resources.”

Armela Waldato, Himamaylan City, KAHIL-ICAMC, Negros Occidental

Integration of coastal plans into the Comprehensive Land Use Plans • Eight local governments have integrated their Coastal Fisheries Resources Management (CFRM) plans into their Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs). 45 Coastal Fisheries Resources Management (CFRM) plans have been formulated and implemented. Figure 5 shows the Land and Water Use Map of the Municipality of Manapla in Negros Occidental.

Local institutions strengthened • The Provinces of Southern Leyte and Negros Occidental have both established a Coastal Fisheries Resources Management unit under the Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Management Office (PENRMO).

Comprehensive Municipal Fishery Ordinances Formulated •18 out of 19 municipalities in Southern Leyte have formulated their comprehensive municipal fishery ordinances (MFOs) and started implementing management planning of the municipal water using CFRM plans.

Increased budget allocation for Coastal Resource Management plans • The municipality of Binalbagan in Negros Occidental began with a CRM budget of PhP100,000 in 2007 and increased it to PhP1.3million in 2012.

44

SCoRe Emerging results

Figure 5. Proposed Land and Water Uses Map of the Municipality of Manapla, Negros Occidental

Conflicts resolved through delineation and delimitation of municipal waters • Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters were supported in 15 local government units. This helped to resolve conflicts in the municipal waters between Negros Occidental and Guimaras provinces.

Joint resource management between municipalities • Four Inter-Local Cooperations (ILCs) in Negros Occidental were strengthened, and two ILCs in Southern Leyte and one ILC in Leyte (including two municipalities in Western Samar) were established.

• Four members of the Central Negros Council for Coastal Resource Development (CENECCORD) Alliance have agreed to a common management vision for the shared Bago River sub-watershed.

• 48 FARMCs in 48 Local Governments (21 in Negros Occidental and 27 in Leyte Island) were supported. The local governments supported their FARMCs through technical and logistical support. The FARMCs served as the check and balance on the local management of coastal and fisheries resources in their areas. The activities included: MPA establishment, fish catch monitoring, mangrove rehabilitation, addressing illegal fishing, encroachment of commercial fishers, and black sand mining through better coastal law enforcement, and livelihood support to fisherfolk.

45

SCoRe Emerging results

Coastal resources planning and management across borders has improved

“The assistance on management planning on municipal waters and MPA facilitated legislations and hence ensures and increases budget allocation for the initiatives. Since 2005, the budget has increased five-fold.

Further, we have established Coastal Fisheries Resources Management office to cater the needs of the fisherfolks.”

Chela Torena, Fisheries Technician of Silago, Southern Leyte

46

Critical areas identified, protected and managed • Applied planning process has fast-tracked the identification of protected areas to improve the management of municipal waters. For instance, the Municipality of Hinobaan in Negros Occidental needed only 8 months to set up a 90-hectares MPA covering three barangays, although the complete process from site suitability assessment to passage of municipal ordinance would normally take one to two years to establish an MPA. The local ordinance establishing the MPA has been passed and approved in November 2012.

• A total of 84 MPAs covering about 393 sq. km are assisted. Emerging trends for MPAs using either the MPA Management Effectiveness and Assessment Tool (MEAT) or Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) show an increase in the support of the local government unit through budget allocations and logistical support. For instance, the Sagay Marine Reserve in Sagay City, Negros Occidental, continues to allocate funds despite the fact that the area is a national protected area under NIPAS. • The assisted Sagay Marine Reserve and Ambao Fish Sanctuary both won the 2nd (2009) and 3rd (2010) place, respectively, as the Best Managed MPA in the whole Philippines by the MPA Support Network (MSN).

SCoRe Emerging results

• SCoRe promoted a mangrove greenbelt technology to adapt to changing climate conditions and to increase areas of fish breeding natural nursery.

In Southern Leyte, 75 hectares were reforested and three subsidiary mangrove nurseries were established in Brgy. Hingatungan in Silago, and Brgys. Cabulihan and Bilibo in Maasin. Southern Leyte continues to implement this initiative to conserve 823 has. of mangroves.

Increased diversity and density of species • Technical surveys showed an increase in biodiversity within and outside supported MPAs. Based on the CCEF Rapid Appraisal Status Report of the six MPAs in the Pacific local government units of Southern Leyte, target reef fish density showed an increasing trend over the years (20042011): for Calag-itan (150%), Ambao (818%), Lipanto (2,711%), Bobon (11%) and Cogon (227%), and diversity in Lagoma (300%) and Ambao (186%). Indicator species density and diversity showed an increasing trend in Lagoma (350% and 300%), Calag-itan (181% and 180%), Ambao (425% and 600%) and Lipanto (176% and 157%) MPAs.

47

Improved fishery harvests through the implementation of fisheries regulations Alliance-based coastal law enforcement formed • Five of the seven Alliances have organized Alliance-based coastal law enforcement teams (Northern Negros Aquatic Resources Management Council [NNARMAC], Southern Negros Coastal Development Management Council [SNCDMC], Kabankalan-Himamaylan-Ilog Integrated Coastal Area Management Council [KAHIL-ICAMC], Alliance of Local Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management Development Council [ALFARMDC] in Leyte, Pacific Alliance of LGUs for Marine Development Council [PALMDevC]). The Southern Leyte alliance operates on the basis of a unified fishery ordinance, while the other Alliances have harmonized their fishery ordinances so that law enforcement and apprehension of violators can be exercised jointly.

• Joint enforcement helped the PALMDevC Alliance in Southern Leyte to reduce compressor diving offenses by about 80% since 2010.

• Paralegal trainings helped the law enforcement teams and concerned authorities (police and coast guards) to handle conflicts properly and to refer these to the DENR, BFAR and municipal courts, among others.

Registration of fisherfolks • The registration of boats helped 30 local governments to register all their fisherfolks. Intruders are easily detected by the coastal law enforcers with the adoption of the Fishing Vessel Registration system.

Improved fishery harvest • Himamaylan City in Negros Occidental applied the following fisheries regulations: open (January-July) and close (August-December) seasons, harvesting permits to registered fisherfolks, specifications of catch size (45mm), and coastal law enforcement efforts by the Bantay Dagat and the local government, These resulted in a total harvest yield of 617 metric tons of nylon shells after the first year.

• The CENECCORD Alliance in Central Negros Occidental declared a strict closed harvest season in 2009 (May-October) over a total of 287 hectares of the municipal waters to revive the diminishing population of angelwing shells, locally known as Diwal, a commercially important bivalve species. Their catch increased by six fold– from 14.5 tons (2008) to 90 tons (2009).

Increase in local government revenue Improved fishery harvest • The open and close season for nylon shells (Himamaylan City, Negros Occidental) earned the local government unit and coastal barangays an additional PhP4.3 million in landing and apprehension fees and PhP386,600 from licensing fees, in less than six months.

48

SCoRe Lessons learned and success factors

© Photo by Jacqueline Hernandez

Political support and active participation of stakeholders Political support and a sound legislative basis represent a major success factor for local government units. If coastal resource management is high on the political agenda, it can energize the whole community. The use of award programs is a good way of recognizing the communities’ efforts, as exemplified by Southern Leyte’s “Championing the Seas” awards. The appreciation for community involvement will also create a strong sense of ownership for the planning and management of the very resources that these communities depend on. Responsibility and accountability of communities in implementing the local ICM program as facilitated by the FARMCs can guarantee high impacts and long-term sustainability.

49

SCoRe Lessons learned and success factors

Provincial technical support Technical support and mentoring by the provincial implementing team proved to be successful in conducting the CRM planning and implementation process, and helped bridge the gaps and limitations of the local government units. The establishment of a provincial Trainers Pool, such as the Leyte Island Trainers Pool, can help spread the know-how throughout the province and will capacitate the municipal or city staff to conduct their own ICM program. The mentoring of local government unit implementing teams by the provincial staff guarantees the compliance with provincial policies and helps to channel funding and technical assistance. The provincial government can also play an enabling role for the establishment of ILCs and the needed assistance by national agencies.

Harmonized policies and joint implementation by the Inter-Local Cooperations (ILCs) This joint planning and management of coastal resources by ILCs has led to a more harmonized and synchronized approach in ICM. Implementation also becomes more cost-effective as ILCs can provide services to its member local government units at lesser costs compared to individual local governments paying for the same service provided elsewhere. Alliance-based law enforcement can solve the issue of non-cooperation among local government units.

50

© Photo by Jacqueline Hernandez

SCoRe Annexes

Annex: Detailed costing for SCoRe Steps

1

Activities

Unit

Quantity

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

Sub-total

Consultation with the Local Government and community Cost incurred at the Provincial level

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

Organization and institution building

25,000 Meals

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Venue (SB or barangay hall)

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Travel

40

375.00

15,000.00

Establishment of TWG/ICM Network as the steering body (province and municipal level)

ICM orientation and partnership building

-

Travel and venue rentals

2

10,000.00

20,000.00

Meals

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

1 day orientation workshop with all stakeholders (40 participants)

25,000

Facilitator

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Venue rental

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Meals

40

375.00

15,000.00

Capacity-building/tools Provision

For Technical personnel (Training of Trainers)

GIS training provided by Provincial GIS Unit

25,000

32,000 Organizations and Consultations, Meetings

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Workshops and mentoring costs

1

15,000.00

15,000.00

Supplies

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Communication/Coordination costs

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Honoraria of trainers

1

2,000.00

2,000.00

Capacity development training (20 participants for 3 days)

66,500

Honoraria of trainers

2

2,000.00

4,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation (5 rooms x 3 days)

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals 20 plus speakers and documentor (375 x 3 days)

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Three-day training (20 participants)

74,500

Honoraria of trainers

6

2,000.00

12,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation (5 rooms x 3 days)

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Total cost incurred by the Province

248,000

Cost incurred at the Municipal level 1.7

52

ICM Orientation (5 days)

5 day training workshop (20 participants)

107,500

Honoraria of trainers

2

2,000.00

Venue rental

5

2,500.00

Accommodation (6 rooms x 5 days)

30

1,200.00

4,000.00 36,000.00

Annex: Detailed costing for SCoRe Steps

1.8

1.9

1.10

Activities

Technology of participation/facilitation (3 days)

Program management cycle

Gender and conflict

Unit

Quantity

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

Meals

24

1,875.00

45,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Three-day training (20 participants)

Sub-total

74,500

Honoraria of trainers

6

2,000.00

12,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation (5 rooms x 3 days)

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Two-day training (20 participants)

55,400

Honoraria of trainers

4

2,000.00

8,000.00

Venue rental

2

2,500.00

5,000.00

Accommodation

12

1,200.00

14,400.00

Meals

24

750.00

18,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

One-day orientation (20 participants)

22,375

Honoraria of trainers

1

2,000.00

2,000.00

Venue rental

1

2,500.00

2,500.00

Meals

21

375.00

7,875.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Cost incurred by the Municipality

259,775

Sub-total

507,775

Steps

Activities

Unit

Quantity

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

Sub-total

2

Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters

291,000

2.1

Delineation and delimitation of municipal waters

20,000 Orientation and consultations Field validation and delineation mapping Publications

2.2

Municipal water delineation survey including identification of Marine Protected Areas

2.2.1

Orientation on the delineation process

5,000.00

5,000.00

10,000.00

10,000.00

5,000.00

5,000.00 271,000

Round trip plane fare for NAMRIA personnel

5,000

5,000

20,000

60,000

Orientation cost 2.2.2

Field validation and delineation mapping

NAMRIA service fee: PhP5000 plus PhP50/km of coastline

2.2.3

Publication of the initial map

Publication cost

10,000

2.2.4

Public hearing and consultations

Fuel and snacks depending on the number of coastal barangays

47,000

2.2.5

Validation and temporary delineation in case of boundary conflict

Transportation

2.2.6

GIS Training

3

1

10,000

10,000

Public hearing for facilitation of the opposition

24000

24000

Training cost

70,000

70,000

53

Annex: Detailed costing for SCoRe Steps

Activities

Unit

Quantity

Cost (PhP)

Resource Person

1

25,000

25,000

10,000

20,000

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

2.2.7

Submission and dissemination of the final and executory ordinance on the municipal water boundaries to the different concerned agencies and stakeholders

Documentation and dissemination cost

2

Steps

Activities

Unit

Quantity

Sub-total

Sub-total

3

Assessment of resources

554,500

3.1

Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA)

80,000

3.2

3.3

3.4

Steps

54

Unit Cost

Meeting /workshop costs, ocular survey of the coastal resources

3

20,000.00

Meeting/workshop costs

1

20,000.00

Ocular survey of the coastal resources

1

40,000.00

Resource assessments (for proposed and existing MPAs )

300,000 Underwater surveys of the coastal resources

5

30,000.00 150,000.00

Mangroves

1

75,000.00

75,000.00

Habitat mapping

1

75,000.00

75,000.00

Vulnerability assessments

Monitoring and Evaluation Training (RBM, Resource assessments)

100,000 Technology manuals and reproduction

1

15,000.00

15,000.00

Reports

1

15,000.00

15,000.00

Field survey and validation maps

1

70,000.00

70,000.00

Three-day training (20 participants)

74,500

Honoraria of trainers

6

2,000.00

12,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

Activities

Unit

4

Integration of CRM/CFRM Plans to the CLUP-CDP

4.1

CRM planning workshop

Quantity

Sub-total

258,500.00

Three-day workshop (20 participants)

109,500

Honoraria of trainers

6

2,000.00

12,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation

30

1,200.00

36,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Supplies

1

10,000.00

10,000.00

Facilitator’s honorarium

1

2,000.00

2,000.00

Documentor

3

1,000.00

3,000.00

Modules reproduction

1

2,000.00

2,000.00

Annex: Detailed costing for SCoRe Steps 4.2

4.3

Steps

Activities MPA management planning

CRM planning integrated to CDP/CLUP

Unit

2,000.00

12,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Three-day workshop (20 participants) 6

2,000.00

12,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

5.1

Zonation and formulation of fishery ordinances

Orientation and training of the Legislative Councils on the formulation of comprehensive Municipal Fishery Ordinance (Alliance-based)

5.4

5.5

Orientation and training of the Chief Executives on ICM (Alliance-based)

Uniform Fishery Ordinance writeshop

74,500

Honoraria of trainers

Unit

Sub-total 74,500

6

Formulation and legitimization of municipal water zones

5.3

Cost (PhP)

Honoraria of trainers

5

Municipal Fishery Ordinance writeshop

Unit Cost

Three-day workshop (20 participants)

Activities

5.2

Quantity

Quantity

Sub-total

330,800.00

Field and validation maps, meetings/workshops. Documentation reports, public and legislative consultations , reports, supplies

200,000

Field and validation maps

1

100,000.00

Meetings/workshops

1

25,000.00

Documentation reports

1

10,000.00

Reports

1

10,000.00

Supplies

1

15,000.00

Public and legislative consultations

1

40,000.00

2

5,000.00

10,000

Two-day orientation and training (20 participants)

55,400

Honoraria of trainers

4

2,000.00

8,000.00

Venue rental

2

2,500.00

5,000.00

Accommodation

12

1,200.00

14,400.00

Meals

24

750.00

18,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Two-day orientation and training (20 participants)

55,400

Honoraria of trainers

4

2,000.00

8,000.00

Venue rental

2

2,500.00

5,000.00

Accommodation

12

1,200.00

14,400.00

Meals

24

750.00

18,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

2

5,000.00

10,000

55

Annex: Detailed costing for SCoRe Steps

Activities

6

Implementation of ICM

6.1

Honorarium of ABCLET

Regular budget

6.2

Synchronized patrolling *(depending of schedules and geographical location)

Regular budget

6.3

Production of Information Education Campaign materials through Social Marketing

6.4

6.5

6.6

6.7

6.8

56

FARMC organization and mentoring

Unit

Quantity

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

749,650.00

Information materials, studies/ surveys, collaterals eg. posters, calendars

1

50,000.00

Information materials

1

10,000.00

Studies/surveys

1

35,000.00

Collaterals, e.g. posters, calendars

1

5,000.00

50,000

Two-day training (20 participants)

55,400

Honoraria of trainers

4

2,000.00

8,000.00

Venue rental

2

2,500.00

5,000.00

Accommodation

12

1,200.00

14,400.00

Meals

24

750.00

18,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Establishment of MPAs

Installation of Fishing Vessel Registration (FVR) System

350,000 Resource Assessments

1

100,000.00

Consultations/Public hearings

1

50,000.00

Management planning

1

25,000.00

Legislation and publication

1

100,000.00

Deployment of buoys

1

15,000.00

Logistic supports

1

25,000.00

Enforcement

1

10,000.00

Education and monitoring

1

25,000.00 125,000

Orientation, trainings , equipment (computer) and software, licensing personnel and supplies Orientation

1

30,000.00

Trainings

1

30,000.00

Equipment (computer and software)

1

30,000.00

Licensing personnel

1

30,000.00

Supplies

1

5,000.00

Close and open season

Organization of Alliance or per municipality Alliance-based Coastal Law Enforcement Team

Sub-total

1

50,000

Consultation

1

25,000.00

Studies

1

25,000.00

Orientation and training

1

Honoraria of trainers

1

2,000.00

2,000.00

Venue rental

1

2,500.00

2,500.00

Meals

21

375.00

7,875.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

22,375

Annex: Detailed costing for SCoRe Steps

Activities

Unit

Quantity

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

6.9

Paralegal trainings (Basic, Advanced, Metalegal)

Meetings and trainings (20 participants) Three days: on site/on the job training; Case studies, consultations and mentoring, in house–legal advisor

3

20,000.00

60,000.00

Honoraria of trainers

3

2,000.00

6,000.00

Venue rental

3

2,500.00

7,500.00

Accommodation

15

1,200.00

18,000.00

Meals

24

1,125.00

27,000.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

1

5,000.00

5,000.00

Honoraria of trainers

1

2,000.00

2,000.00

Venue rental

1

2,500.00

2,500.00

Meals

21

375.00

7,875.00

Transportation

20

500.00

10,000.00

Unit Cost

Cost (PhP)

6.10

Steps

Alliance-based Coastal Law ABCLET Operational Plans; 1 day Enforcement Team Operational Planning planning workshop

Activities

7

Monitoring and evaluation

7.1

Monitoring and evaluation of ICM program

Steps

Activities

Unit

Quantity

Sub-total 74,500

22,375

Sub-total

40,000.00 Quarterly monitoring and year-end assessment workshop

4

10,000.00

Quarterly monitoring

20,000.00

Year-end assessment workshop

20,000.00

Unit

Quantity

Unit Cost

40,000

Cost (PhP)

Sub-total

Total costs incurred by the Province

248,000

Total costs incurred by the Municipality

2,484,225

Total

2,732,225

57

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn, Germany 2B PDCP Bank Center, V.A. Rufino corner L.P. Leviste Sts. Salcedo Village, Makati City, Philippines Contact Dr. Walter Salzer Program Director and Principal Advisor Environment and Rural Development Program Tel. +63 2 892 9051 Fax +62 2 892 3374 Email: walter.salzer@giz.de www.enrdph.org