Madhesh Post 2069-12-23

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( 5 April 2013 )

;x/–s]lGb|t lzIffnfO{ u|fdL0fd'vL agfpg' cfjZos 5– /fi6«klt sf7df8f},F @@ r}t . /fi6«klt 8f /fdj/0f ofbjn] ;x/–s]lGb|t u' 0 f:t/Lo lzIffnfO{ qmdzM u| f dL0f tyf ljkGg ju{ ; Dd k'¥ofpg' cfhsf] k|d'v /fli6«o r'gf}tL ePsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . /fi6«klt 8f ofbjn] lzIff dGqfno / /ftf] aª\unf kmfpG8];gåf/f cfof]lht …sIffdf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff;DaGwL tLglbg] cGt/f{li6«o :s'n lzIff ;Dd]ngÚsf] cfh oxfF pb\3f6g ub}{ b]zleq If]qLo, juL{o, hftLo, n}lª\us lje]bsf] vfN8f]nfO{ yk km/flsnf] x'g glbg] e/kbf]{ pkfo u'0ffTds lzIffsf] lj:tf/ g} ePsf]df hf]8 lbg'eof] . /fi6«klt 8f ofbjn] eGg'eof]– …lzIff If]qdf ljZj ahf/df b] l vPsf gofF gf} n f k|ljlwnfO{ g]kfnL sIff sf]7fx¿df leq\ofpg tyf g]kfnL lzIff k|0ffnLdf b]lvPsf sdLsdhf]/L s]nfpg ;Dd]ng pkof]uL x'g] d]/f]

ljZjf; 5 .Ú PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] k" j f{ 4 df cfOk' U bf ljZjsf cNkljsl;t b]zx¿df u'0f:t/Lo lzIff s]xL lglZrt ju{sf] kx'r F df dfq ;Lldt ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ /fi6«klt 8f ofbjn] eGg'eof]– of] lttf] jf:tljstfleq g]kfn klg kb{5 . ;ª\VofTds lzIffeGbf u' 0 ffTds lzIff g} cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] rrf{ ub}{ pxfFn] lzIff If]qdf ePsf] nufgL / k|ltkmn cfzfltt dfqfdf x'g g;s]sf] oyfy{ xfdL ;a}sf] ;fd" 5n{ªu\ 5 eGg'eof] . lzIffdGqL dfwjk|;fb kf}8]nn] cfwf/e"t lzIff clgjfo{ agfpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] :ki6 wf/0ffsf ;fy sfg'g th'd { f ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ j[l4sf nflu ljBfnodf u'0f:t/sf] dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] atfpg'eof] .

u' 0 f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu lzIfs, ejg, zf}rfno, kf7\ok':ts / k':tsfnoh:tf Go"gtd dfkb08 k"/f u/]s} x'gk' g]{ Joj:yf ul/;s]sf] pxfFn] hfgsf/L lbFb} ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf ljBfno pd] / sf ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIffsf] d"nwf/df NofO{ ;a}sf nflu lzIffsf] nIo xfl;n ug]t{ km{ g] k fn cufl8 al9/x] s f] 5 eGg'eof] . lzIff dGqfnosf ;lrj ;f] d nfn ;' j ] b Ln] dft[efiffdf k9fpg] Joj:yf ldnfO /f]huf/Ld"ns / ;Lkd"ns lzIff cfhsf] cfjZostf /x]sf] rrf{ ug'e { of] . sfo{qmdsL d'VojQmf kfls:tfgsL lzIffljb\ 8f a]nf/hf hldnn] ha;Dd lzIffdf u' 0 f:t/Lotf ;' l glZrt x' F b } g ta;Dd g]kfnsf] eljio ;'/lIft gx'g] / To;sf nflu lgs} r'gf}tL klg /x]sf] atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf g]kfnsf nflu gj]s { f /fhb"t cfNkm cfg]{ /fD;lng, /ftf] aª\unf kmfpG8];gsf cWoIf Pjd\ /ftf] aª\unf :s'nsf lgb]{zs zfGtf bLlIftnufotn] u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf] dxTjaf/] k| s fz kfg'e { Psf] lyof] . d' n ' s e/sf %)) eGbfa9L lzIfs / lzIff;F u ;DalGwt ljleGg JolQmx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x] s f] tLg;Dd ;~rfng x'g] ;f] ;Dd]ngdf #^ j6f sfo{kq k|:t't ul/g] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 .

k|sf]k lgoGq0f l8lehgn] sfd u/]g dw] z ;dfrf/bftf wg'iff, @@ r}t . rfn' cfly{s jif{ cGTolt/ cfOk'Ubf klg hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f l8lehg sfof{ n o hgsk' / n] eg] of]hgfcg';f/sf] s]xL sfd u/]sf] 5}g . sfof{non] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] nflu s'n &@ nfvsf] ah]6 ljlgof]hg eP klg clxn] ;Dd sfd x'g g;s]sf] sfof{nos} Pshgf Ol~hlgo/n] hfgsf/L

lbP . pgsf cg';f/ a};fvsf] klxnf] ;ftfb]lv sfo{qmd z'? x'g] 5 . t/, clGtd ;dodf sfd ;'? ubf{ k|efjsf/L gx'g] / ah]6 vr{dfq} x'g] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . sfof{ n osf k| d ' v l;tf/fd ofbjsf] clwsf+z ;do sfof{nodf pkl:yt gx'Fbf klg sfd x'g g;s]sf] csf{ sd{rf/Ln] eg] . pQm sfof{non] tof/

u/]sf] of]hgf cGtu{t cfsfl:ds lgdf{0f, tf/hfnL Joj:yfkg tyf ;'/Iff e+8f/0fsf nflu ( nfv, ;a}nf l:yt k'/fgf] rf/gfy gbL lgoGq0fsf nflu nfv %) xhf/, o1e'dL j8f g+= % l:yt l87f k}gL vf]nf lgoGq0fsf nflu ( nfv ?k}ofFsf] of]hgf :jLs[t ePsf] 5 .

To:t} ;kxLl:yt sdnfwf/L gbL lgoGq0fsf nflu ;jf{ l ws @% nfvsf] of] h gf

dtbftf gfdfjnL;DaGwL uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=j8fx?df eO{/x]sf] sfo{ kl/dfh{g ul/ ;~rfng x'g] ;DaGwL h?/L ;'rgf cfufdL j}zfv klxnf] xKtfb]lv ;a} lhNnfx?df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq ljt/0f ug]{ k|of]hg ;d]tsf] nflu ;+rfng ug{ nfluPsf] PsLs[t 3'DtL ;]jf;“u dtbfg sfo{ ;dGjotfds ?kdf ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] o; sfof{noaf6 ljleGg uflj;÷gkf j8fx?df xfn ;+rfng eO{/x]sf] tyf ;+rfngsf] nflu k'j{ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] dtbftf gfdfjnL;DaGwL ;a} sfo{ xfnsf nflu /f]sL kl/dfh{g ;lxt k'gM ;+rfng x'g] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu cg'/f]w 5 . o;/L kl/dfh{g ;lxt ;+rfng x'g] dtbftf gfdfjnL ;+sng tyf cBfjlBs sfo{qmdsf] ldlt ;DalGw ;'rgf kl5 k|sfzg÷k|;f/0f ul/g]5 . ofb /fVg'xf];, lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf eg] dtbftf btf{ sfo{ lg/Gt/ eO{/x]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf yk s'/f a'‰g' k/]df sfof{nosf] 6]lnkmf]g gDa/ )$–%@)$$& df ;Dks{ ug'{x'g ;d]t cg'/f]w 5 . lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no, ;nf{xL

sfof{non] agfPsf] 5 .

lj1fkgsf] nflu vfnL 5 . ;Dks{ gDa/ dn+ujf M– (&$$))#*)^, (*$$)**!%) )$^–%@!#(@ hgsk'/ M– (*$$!!(&$^ )$!–%@*@)^

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klqsf jlu{s/0f cg'udg ;ldlt u7g dw]z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, @@ r}q . ;nf{xLaf6 k|sflzt eO{/x]sf kq-klqsfsf d"Nof+sg ug{ g]kfn k|; ] sfplG;nn] :yfgLo kq-klqsf jlu{s/0f tyf cfrf/ ;+lxtf cg'udg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd dn+ujfdf laxLaf/ ePsf] 5nkmnn] g]kfn af/ Pzf]lzP;gsf lhNnf cWoIf df]xg /fosf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;ft ;b:oLo cg'udg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] xf] . ;ldltdf lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no k|d'v O{Zj/gfy ld> ;b:o ;lrj tyf lhNnf ljsf;

;ldltsf k'is/dl0f l3ld/], lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf kjg ;'jb] L, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf lhNnf cWoIf /f] z g Gof} k fg] , g] k fn pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf lhNnf cWoIf /+unfn cu|jfn ;b:o 5g\ . yk Ps ;b:o kl5 dgf]lgt ul/g] atfO{Psf] 5 . ;ldltn] ;nf{ x Laf6 k|sflzt eO{/x]sf kqklqsfn] kqsfl/tfsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf kfngf u/] gu/] nufotsf ljifodf cg'udg u/L :t/ lgwf{/0f ug{] g]kfn k|]; sfplG;nsf ;b:o dfwj zdf{ n ] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

btf{ lagf ;~rflnt ljBfnonfO{ sf/afxL x'g] dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, @@ r}q . lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;nf{xLn] cgflws[t ?kdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf ljBfnox?nfO{ sf/afxL ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 . sfo{ n on] laxLaf/ ;"rgf hf/L ub}{ btf{ k|lqmof k"/f gu/L lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf cgflws[ t ?kdf ljBfno ;~rfngdf /x]sf] kfO{Psf] eGb}

dfgl;s /f]uLsf nflu hfgsL hLjg bLk dw] z ;dfrf/bftf wg' i ff, @@ r} t . dfgl;s /f]uLx?sf] lgMz'Ns ;]jf ug]{ p2] Z on] laxLaf/ hgsk' / df hfgsL hLjg lbk gfds ;+:yf :yfkgf ePsf] 5 . hgsk'/ / cf;kf;sf If]qsf /f]uLx?sf nflu ;fd'bflos :t/df dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;"rgf, ;xof]u / ;]jf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf hubLzk| ; fb kf] 2 f/n]

d'No ?= @ @.–

hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . hgsk'/sf] efg'rf]sdf sfof{no /x]sf] ;+:yfsf] pb\3f6g hgsk'/ gl;{ª Sofdk;df ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfn] dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;DaGwL hgr] t gf hufpg] , hgsk' / c~rn c:ktfndf dfgl;s /f]u ljefu :yfkgfsf nflu ;xof]u ug]{, u/Lax?sf nflu lgMz'Ns cf}ifwf]krf/ ug]{ ;+:yfsf ;x;lrj lr/GhLjL emfn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

To:tf ljBfnox? t'?Gt} aGb ug{ eg]sf] 5 . sfg"gsf] bfo/f leq g/x]sf To:tf ljBfnodf cfkm\gf afnaflnsfnfO{ egf{ gug{ cleefjsx?nfO{ ;d]t lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;nf{xLn] cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . cgflws[t ?kdf ljBfno v'Ng] qmd a9]sf] ;"rgf kfPsf]n] klxnf] k6s ;j{hlgs ;"rgf dfkm{t r]tfjgL lbOPsf] lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L /fhs' d f/ ljZjsdf{n] atfpg'eof] . pxfF n ] c6] / ug] { ljBfnonfO{ sf/afxL ul/g] bfaL ug'{eof] . @)^* k';d} lzIff dGqfnon] gLlh ljBfno btf{df /f]s nufpFb} btf{ gePsf ljBfno :jtM aGb e};s]sf] ;"rgf k|sfzg u/] klg cgflws[t ?kdf ljBfno ;~rfng e}/x]sf] lhNNff lzIff sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNNffdf &) j6f eGbf a9L gLlh tyf cfjfl;o ljBfno ljgf btf{ ;~rfngdf /x] s f] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

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M– lgd]if s0f{ M– ljZjgfy 7fs' / M– a6'sgfy emf M– dw] z sf nflu ;~rf/ sfof{no

dn+ujf M– lhlj; rf}s dn+ujf, ;nf{xL, kmf]g M– )$^–%@!#(@ hgsk'/ M–/fdrf}s hgsk'/, wg'iff kmf]g M– )$!–%@*@)& d'b0| f M– b'uf{ ckm;]6 k|; ] , dn+ujf tyf Sjfln6L ckm;]6 k|; ] ,hgsk'/ E-mail: madheshpost@gmail.com

? ;DkfbsLo=============== ? ;xsf/Lsf r'gf}tL %^ cf}+ /fli6«o ;xsf/L lbj; ev{/} dgfOPsf] 5 . …:jfwLg cy{tGqsf nflu ;xsf/LÚ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy dgfOPsf] ;xsf/Lsf] p2]Zo klg Tolt g} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . ;dfg p2]Zo / rfxgf ePsf JolQmx? ldn]/ ;+o'Qm :jfldTj, ;fd"lxs pQ/bfloTj / nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f k|0ffnLåf/f ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts pGglt ug{ ;~rfng ul/g] :jfoQ pBd g} ;xsf/L xf] . ;xsf/L /fhgLlts cy{Joj:yfsf] Pp6f k4lt klg xf] . vf;u/L of] k"FhLjfb / ;dfhjfbsf ;jn kIfx?sf] ;+of]hg u/L lgd{f0f ul/Psf] ;fdflhs cy{Joj:yf xf] . JolQmsf] nufgL, nf]stflGqs k4ltsf] lg/Gt/tf cflb k"FhLjfbsf ljz]iftfb]lv ;+oQ' m :jfldTj, ;fd"lxs pQ/bfloTj, ;dfg nufgL, ;dfg k|ltkmnh:tf ;dfhjfbL cy{Joj:yfsf ;jn kIfx?sf] ;+of]hg u/]/ ;xsf/L k4ltsf] ljsf; ul/Psf] x'G5 . ;xsf/L gLltut?kdf hlt pQd k|0ffnL xf], To;/L g} o;sf] k|of]u eg] ePsf]] 5}g . ;xsf/Lsf af/]df cfd hgtfdf oy]i6 hfgsf/L / kx'Fr b'a} 5}g . gLltut?kdf ;xsf/L ;fgf] cfly{s nufgL ug{;Sg] JolQmx?sf] pBd eP klg o;df ;fgf nufgLst{fx?sf] kx'Fr g} ;s]sf] 5}g . a? o;df zx/ ahf/df a:g] / cln a9L g} x'gvfg]x?sf] afx'Notf 5, h;sf sf/0f ;xsf/Lsf] d"n dd{cg'?k g]kfndf o;sf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;xsf/Lsf] d"n dd{cg'?k cfd hgtfnfO{ a'emfpg] / pgLx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf ;+ul7t ug{] k|of;sf] cefjdf ufpFlt/ z'? ePsf sltko ;xsf/L klg s]xL jif{d} x/fpg]l:ylt ljBdfg 5 . ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntfsf] ;Gbe{df of] 7"nf] r'gf}tL xf] . csf]{ s'/f g]kfnh:tf] b]zdf pTkfbg ;xsf/L g} d'Vo cfwf/ aGg'k5{ . ;xsf/LnfO{ pTkfbg, ljt/0f, art, nufgL / k'gMpTkfbgsf] rqmdf 9fNg' k5{ . pTkfbg ;xsf/Lx?n] ko{fKt dfqfdf pTkfbg ug{ ;s"g\, pTkflbt j:t'nfO{ pkef]Qmf ;xsf/Lx?n] ahf/Ls/0f ug{ ;s"g, To;af6 cfPsf] cfDbfgL ;+sng ub{} art C0f ;xsf/Lx?n] k'gMpTkfbgsf] If]qdf nufgL ug{] sfdnfO{ rqmLo?kdf ldnfpg ;lsof] eg] ;xsf/L ;fFlRrs} cy{tGqsf] c+u aGg ;S5 . ;xsf/L s]xL x'g]vfg] JolQm / lglZrt e"uf]ndf l;ldt x'Fbf;Dd o;sf] d"n p2]Zo k"/f x'g ;Sg] 5}g . /]l8of] dw]z *(=# dnujf % M )) elQm uLt ^ M )) ;femf va/ ^ M #) elQm uLt & M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ & M !% gd:sf/ dw]z * M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ * M !% lxGbL uLt ( M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ( M !% ef]hk'l/of aafn !) M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !) M !% lxGbL uLt !! M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !! M !% g]kfnL uLt !@ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !@ M !% gfr ! M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ! M !% l/Sj]:6 cfj/ @ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ @ M !% ef]hk'/L uLt # M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ # M !) lxGbL l/ldS; uLt $ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ $ M !% x]nf] RjfO; % M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ % M !% 6]G;g k|mL ^ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ^ M !% d}lynL uLt & M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ & M !) ef]hk'/L uLt & M #) ;femf va/ * M )) lxGbL uLt * M $% lala;L g]kfnL ;]jf ( M @) ;femf ;jfn !) M )) gg\ :6k va/ !! M )) sfo{qmd ;dfKt

blIf0f ;'8fgsf] clt k|lts"n kl/l:yltdf klg dgf]an 36]sf] 5}g g]kfnL ;]gfsf] z/RrGb| e08f/L ?Da]s -blIf0f ;'8fg_, @@ r}t .

8]9jif{cl3 ;'8fgaf6 :jtGq ePsf] ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf sfG5f] d'ns ' u0ftGq blIf0f ;'8fg em08} @* jif{ nfdf] u[xo'4af6 d'Qm ePklg Ps]–$& h:tf 3fts xltof/ / hftLo åGåsf] rk]6fdf kml;/x]sf] 5 . ;fgf–7"nf xftxltof/ gePsf s'g} gful/s of] d'ns ' df e]l6b}gg\ eg] l8ª\sf / d'n]{ ;d'bfoaLrsf] åGå sfod} 5 – 5 jif{ nfdf] zflGtk|lqmofsf] ;dflKt kl5 klg . ;g\ @))% sf] hgj/L ^ df lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfkl5 To;}jif{sf] h'nfO{ ( df :jfoQ ePsf] blIf0f ;'8fgsf n8fs'] cfkm";Fu /x]sf Ps]–$& h:tf 3fts z:q cfkm} /fVbf b]zdf k"0f{ zflGt sfod x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . kfF r jif{ c l3sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ *@ nfv ^) xhf/ $() hg;ª\Vof /x]sf] of] d'ns ' df ;}lgs dfq Ps nfv &% xhf/ 5g\ e g] %) xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k|x/L 5g\ . ;}lgs / k|x/L lzlj/ jf ;}Go Onfsf :yfkgf u/] / a;] s f 5} g g\ . z:qc:q;lxt cf-cfˆgf 3/df a:g] pgLx¿sf] qmf]wsf] kf/f] r9\g] ljlQs} hf];s ' n } ] d[To' j/0f ug'k{ 5{– ;/sf/L, u} / ;/sf/L, ;} l gs, u}/;}lgs jf /fi6«;ª\3Lo sd{rf/L g} lsg gx'g\ .

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l;+x M vr{ clws x'g] sGof M Ifdtfsf] a[l4 x'g] t'nf M ofqfdf ;fjwfgL j[lZrs M gofF Jofkf/sf] ;'?jft x'g] wg' M ;+tfg ;'v ds/ M ;fyL af6 tgfj x'g] s'De M :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ ldg M lhDd]af/L a9\g] /flzkmnn] h] ;+st] u/] klg /fd|f] sfd u/] /fd|} kmn kfOG5 .

hutaf6 :ofaf;L kfPsf] g]kfnsf] zflGt ;]gfn] :yfgLonfO{ s[lif sd{ ug{ clek|l] /t ug's { f ;fy} ;do;dodf :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfng u/]/ pgLx¿sf] dg lhTg' g]kfn / g]kfnLsf nflu uf}/j / uj{sf] ljifo xf] . s]xL ;ftfcl3 hf]ª\n] /fHodf cd] l /sL /fhb" t sf] ckx/0f k|of;;d]t ePsf] lyof] . ljZj dfglrqdf !(# cf}+ /fi6«sf ?kdf pbfPsf] blIf0f ;'8fgsf ^) k|ltzt e"efudf g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;]jf k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] atfpg'xG' 5– k|dv ' ;]gfgL dx/f . k}tfln; l8u|LeGbf dflysf] tfkqmddf sfd ug'{ cfkm" / cfˆgf] u0fsf ;b:osf nflu clt r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfo{ eP klg lbg/ft gegL ;'lDkPsf] lhDd]jf/L cfkm"x¿n] ;kmntfk"js { ;Dkfbg u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . blIf0f ;' 8 fgnfO{ cfGtl/s tyf afXo hf]lvdaf6 hf]ufO{ zflGt ;'Joj:yf sfod ug],{ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;'/Iff, cfly{s Pjd\ ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug],{ c;n zf;gsf] k|j4{g, /fli6« o tyf :yfgLo txdf ;/sf/sf ;fy} d'n'ssf ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ ;'b9[ agfpg cfjZos ;xof]u ug'{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] bfloTj ePsf] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] .

5 nfv !( xhf/ ; &$% ju{ lsnf] l d6/ If] q df km}lnPsf] e"kl/j]li6t d'ns ' blIf0f ;'8fgsf !) /fHodWo] tLgj6fdf g]kfnL ;]gf sfo{/t 5 . hu]8f u0fsf] ?kdf /x]sf] g]kfnL zflGt

;]gfn] hf]lvdk"0f{ /fHox¿ n]S;, hf]ªn \ ] / dflyNnf] gfOn /fHodf kmf}h t}gfy u/L zflGt :yfkgfsf] uxg lhDd]jf/L ;DefnL /x]sf] 5. xfn blIf0f ;'8fgdf g] k fn;lxt aª\ u nfb] z , sDaf]l8of, rLg, ef/t, hfkfg, s]Gof, dª\uf]lnof / ?jf08fsf ;}lgs sfo{/t 5g\ . ef/t, s]Gof, dª\uf]lnof / ?jf08fsf ;}lgsn] u0f :yfkgf u/]/ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\eg] cGo d'n'sn] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fnufotsf If]qdf ;3fO/x]sf 5g\ . cgld;df cfa4 eP/ ljZjsf b'Ob{ h{geGbf a9L b]zsf 5 xhf/ $&* ;}lgs, !$$ ;}lgs ;Dks{ clws[t / kfFr xhf/ %%$ hgf k|x/Ln] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . cgld;sf cg';f/ %@ hgf cGt/f{li6«o u}/ ;}lgs, Psxhf/ #$( :yfgLo u}/ ;}lgs / (& hgf /fi6« ; ª\ 3 Lo :jod;]js blIf0f ;'8fgdf zflGt sfod ug]{ /fi6«;ª\3Lo k|of;df h'6s ] f 5g\ . ;g\ !(%% df /fi6«;ª\3sf] ;b:otf kfPsf] g] k fnn] !@ h' g !(%* df /fi6« ; ª\ 3 sf] cfXjfgdf klxnf]k6s n]jgfgdf g]kfnL ;} l gsnfO{ ko{ j ] I fssf] ?kdf v6fPsf] lyof] . xfn ljZjsf #( :yfgdf pQm ;+:yfsf] cfu|xdf g]kfnL ;]gf kl/rfng ePsf 5g\ . /f;;

cfunfuLaf6 l;/fxf, dsjfgk'/ / ;Kt/Ldf 7"nf] Iflt nxfg, @@ r} t . l;/xfsf] km'nsxfs§L uflj;–! / ^ sf 5'§f5'§} b'O{ ufpFdf cfh lbpF;f] eLif0f cfunfuL ePsf] 5 . b'j} 7fpFdf u/L cfunfuLdf sl/a ?

Ps s/f]8sf] wgdfn hn]/ gi6 ePsf] 5 . cfunfuLdf km"nsxfs§L-! df /x]sf] l;d/f ufpFdf #) j6f 3/ hn]sf 5g\ . cfunfuLdf k/]/ :yfgLo hDd/ d08n, kf08j d08n, cldt d08n, ljj]s d08n / /fhs'df/ d08n 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .

3fOt] x ¿sf] uf] n ahf/l:yt e" l dhf c:ktfndf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . 3fOt]dWo] hDd/sf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs /x] s f] hgfOPsf] 5 .

To:t} cfunfuLdf xl/ /fo, 3'tL{nfn /fo, t'nL /fo,

k+= z+s/frfo{

k+= z+x'sg/frfo{ d]if M dfgl;s tgfj ] j[if M ;'v ' b ;dfrf/ ldNg] ldy'g M ;fxl;s sfd x'g]

åGåf]Q/ blIf0f ;'8fgdf zflGt ;'Joj:yf sfod ug{ tyf oxfF s f] ;du| cfly{ s Pjd\ ;fdflhs ljsf;df ;3fpg h'nfO{ *, @)!! df ;+oQ ' m /fi6«;ª\3n] oxfF :yfkgf u/]sf] /fi6«;ª\3Lo …ld;gÚ cgld;nfO{ nlIot pknlJw xfl;n ug{ lgs} psfnf] k/]sf] 5 . ljZj zflGt :yfkgfdf cu|0fL e"ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cfPsf] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ cgld;df ;fd]n u/fPkl5 eg] ld;gsf] nIo xfl;ndf cfzfjfbL x'g] kof{Kt cfwf/ ag]sf 5g\ . gf/fo0f bn u0fsf] g]tT[ j ub}}{ *%) ;}lgs clws[t Pjd\ hjfg;lxt k|d'v ;]gfgL dfgaxfb'/ dx/fn] oxfF sfd yfn]kl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf ;fy} ;/sf/L / cGt/f{li6«o lgsfo pT;flxt ePsf 5g\ . ao/sf a'6Øfg kmfF8]/ oxfF :yfkgf ul/Psf] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u0f ;a}sf] cfzf / e/f];fsf] s]Gb| ag]sf] 5 . klxnf] ld;g ePsfn] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fnufot z"Goaf6 ;'? u/]sf] gf/fo0f bn u0fn] $* 3G6fdf cfjf; u[xdfq agfPg Ps ;ftfdf xltof/ e08f/0f u[x, kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb|, ;}lgs lzlj/ Pjd\ sfof{no :yfkgf u/]/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] sfo{ IfdtfnfO{ gd'gfsf ?kdf k|:t't ug{ ;kmn eof] . blIf0f ;'8fgsf nflu cd] l /sL /fhb" t nfO{ cfqmd0fsf/Lx¿sf] k~hfaf6 ;s'zn d'Qm u/]/ cGt/f{li6«o

hDd/ d08n / plQd d08n;lxt cf7 hgfsf] a:g] 3/, uf]7, cGgkft, nQfsk8f, gub, efF8fjt{g ;a} hn]/ gi6 ePsf] d08nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cfunfuL nuQ} k'us ] f] g]kfn k|x/L, g]kfnL ;]gf / :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] k|of;df sl/a tLg 306fkl5 cfuf] lgoGq0fdf cfPsf] lyof] .d08nsf cg';f/ k|x/L Eofgdf ufpFdf k'us ] f sl/a !) hgfsf] ;d"xdf /x]sf k|x/Ln] x'lsª u/]sf] tf/ tfGbf ;6{ eP/ kf08j d08nsf] 3/af6 cfunfuL ;'? ePsf] lyof] . k|x/Lsf] sf/0fn] cfuf] nfu]sf] eGb} :yfgLo o'jfn] k|x/LnfO{ xftkft u/]kl5 pgLx¿ cfunfuL x'bF fx'bF } km'Ts]sf] kf08j d08nn] atfpg'eof] . :yfgLo ufpFnx] ¿sf cg';f/ k|x/L;Fu ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf sd{rf/Lx¿ klg lyP . k|x/Lx¿

k| f lws/0f sd{ r f/L 6f] n L;F u x'lsªaf6 x'g] ljB't\ r'xfj6 /f]Sg ufpF k'us ] f] atfOPsf] 5 t/ To; ;DaGwdf g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0f nxfg zfvfn] hfgsf/L gePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . k|x/Lsf] sf/0fn] cfuf] nfu]sf] eGg] ljifodf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no l;/xfsf k|jQmf k|x/L lg/LIfs /fhs'df/ zfxLn] s;}n] To;sf] ljifodf hfgsf/L glbPsf] / ph' / L cfP 5fglag x' g ] atfpg'eof] . To:t} km"nsxfs§L^ l:yt nj6f]nLdf cfh lbpF;f] ePsf] cfunfuLaf6 sl/a Ps bh{g 3/6x/f hn]/ gi6 ePsf] 5. ;dodf bdsn gcfpFbf rsf]{ 3fd;Fu} klZrdlt/af6 rn]sf] tLj| xfjfsf] sf/0f :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] cfuf] lgefpg ;s]sf lyPgg\ .

cfuf] lgoGq0f x'g g;Sbf 3/6x/f hNg'sf] ;fy} cGgkft, nQfsk8f, u/uxgf, /sd, sfuhkq hNbf sl/a kfFr nfv d"No a/fa/sf] wgdfn Iflt ePsf] kLl8tx¿nfO{ p4[t ub}{ Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no wgu9Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . x] 6 f} F 8 f– dsjfgk' / lhNnfsf] k"jL{ e]usf] /fO{ ufpF uflj;sf] hª\undf nfu]sf] 89]nf] km}lnP/ cfh lbpF;f] !) j6f 3/uf]7 hn]/ gi6 ePsf] lhNnf k| x /L sfof{ n o dsjfgk' / n] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] cfunflusf] Ifltsf] ljj/0f cfpg afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;f] cfunfuLaf6 ufpFdf h8fg ul/Psf] ;f]nf/ Kofgn;lxt s]xL kz'kIfL gi6 ePkl5 sl/a @) nfv ¿k}ofF a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] 5.

dxTjk"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g gDa/x? wg'iff

;nf{xL ;nf{xL c:ktfn laB't k|flws/0f bdsn PDj'n]G;-/]8qm;_ b'/ ;+rf/ dd{t lh= k|zf;g sf lh= vfg]kfgL lh=k=| sf dn+ujf O k|x/L sf= xl/jg O k|x/L sf= xl/k'/ O k|x/L sf= a/xyjf O k|x/L sf= O{Zj/k'/ lh 6«f sf gjnk'/

%@)!## %@!%^) %@)))) %@)!(% !(* %@)!&& %@)!$* %@))(( %#)%!! ^@)#))

%$)#$! ^()@!& %&)#!% ;z:q k| an %@!!#% ;nf{xL SofDk; %@)#&# b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@))!@ hfgsL nh %@!@()

cr+n c:ktfn wg'iff c:ktfn lh=k=| sf= hgkf bdsn ;z:q k| an PDa'n]G;–/]8qm; ;'/Iff u'Nd a}/s ] Po/kf]6{ hgsk'/ /]Nj] cf+vf c:ktfn ljB't km\oh F zfvf a'4 Po/ otL Po/nfOG; uf]/vf Po/ /]l8of] dw]z

dxf]Q/L %@))## %@%*)) %@))(( %@))!! %@&@!# !)@ %@^%*^ %@))$$ %@)@!! %@)#(& %@)!%! %@^@($ %@))$* %@^@($ %@*@)&

/f}tx6

lh k|x/L sf= k|x/L sfG6f]n lhNnf c:ktfn af?0f ofGq PDa'n]G;

%@)!(( %@)))( %@))&) %@))(& %@)!)) ljB't kmo'h zfvf %@))^^ %@)!^^ e+;f/ sfo{no %@!!$@ u0f]z o'jf sld6 %@^#^) le7fdf]8 k| rf}sL %@)@)( Ok|sf alb{af; %%%))^ Ok|sf uf}znf %@($)#

lh k|x/L sf=

l5Gd:tfu0f alb{af;%@(^!( b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@)^&&

b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@!$!%

lh=6flkms rk'/ c:ktfn bdsn laB't /]8qm; e+;f/ sfo{no O k| sf rk'/ Ok|sf= u8'/f Ok|sf= u+uflkk/f g]kfn 6]lnsd

%@)!&& %@)!(( %$)!(( %@)#@* %@)#@$ %@)@&^ %@)!$! %@)@!) %@()!# %^%!(( ^()!)) %@)@@@

uf}/ gu/kflnsf %@)@($

dw]z kf]i6

#

@)^( r}t @# ut], z'qmaf/

dw];L bnx?aLr r'gfjL tfnd]nsf] dlxnfdfly lje]bsf] k|sl[ t dfq km/s nlntk'/, @@ r}t . a]nfotsf xf]hn] g]kfndf dlxnfdfly x'g] a:g]tn] ca aGg] ;+ljwfgdf s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g M dxtf] k"j{dGqL dfuf{/]6 xf]hn] ;+;f/sf lx+ ; fsf cGTosf nflu k| x /L /fHosf x/] s lgsfodf %) dw] z ;dfrf/bftf Og?jf, @@ r}q . ;befjgf kf6L{sf cWoIf /fh]G› dxtf]n] kmf] / d nf] s tflGqssf cWoIf ljhos'df/ uR5bf/ / tdNf]kf cWoIf dxGy 7fs'/ dw];3ftL / dw] ; sf u4f/ /x] s f] atfpg'eof] . dw];nfO{ 6'qmf6'qmf kfg{ ] zlQmx?l;t uR5bf/ / 7fs'/sf] ;f63f6 /x]sf] dxtf]sf] cf/f]k 5 . ;' g ;/Lsf] 3' : sLdf cfof]lht dxtf]n] dw]z lj/f]wL rl/q b]vfPsfx?l;t cfufdL lgj{frgdf s'g} klg df]rf{ aGbL x'g g;Sg] atfpFb} dw];L bnx?aLr r'gfjL tfnd]nsf] s'g} ;Defjgf g/x]sf] atfpg'eof] . c;f/df g} gofF lgj{frg ug{] u/L bnx?aLr ;xdlt eP/ gofF ;/sf/ u7g ePsf] atfpFb} pgn] c;f/df r' g fj geP ;/sf/n] hgtfnfO{ lgj{frg gx'gs ' f] sf/0f hfgsf/L u/fpg'kg{] atfpg'eof] . sTo;}u/L ;befjgf kf6L{sf /fli6«o k|jtmf ;Gtf]if d]xtf

;befjgf kf6L{n] ljutb]vLg} clwsf/sf] nfuL cfjfh p7fpb} cfPsf] atfpg' x'b} ca Ps kN6

hf/L /xg] eGg'eof] . To;}u/L sfo{qmddf ;befjgf kf6L{sf s]lGb|o ;b:ox? cVt/ x';]g

sfof{nodf dfq dlxnf k|x/L v6fpg] geO{ ljz] i f dlxnf k| x /LnfO{ ljleGg :yfgdf v6fpg'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnsf nflu ef]nG' 6/L ;le{ ; cf] e /l;h a] n fotsf lgb]{zs cfn]{g dflxg]n] g]kfnL dlxnfsf] ljsf;sf nflu pgLx¿ /fhgLltdf cfpg}k5{ eGg'eof] . ;ª\sNk g]kfnsf cWoIf zf]ef

k| l tzt dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] ;' l glZrttfsf nflu ;+ : yf nl8/xg] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnsf] b'O{ ;ftfsf] e|d0fdf /xg'ePsf xf]hn] sf:sL, sfe| ] k nf~rf] s , wflbªnufot :yfgsf dlxnf;Fu /fhgLltdf dlxnfsf] ;dfg ;xeflutf, n} l ª\ u s, dlxnf lx+ ; fnufot ljifodf cGtlqm{of ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . /f;;

k|Zgkq aflxl/Psf] k'li6 ePkl5 k/LIff /2 km]/L cfkmgf] xs clwsf/nfO{ ;'lgZrt ug'{ kg]{ a]nf ePsf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf ;befhgf kf6L{sf s]lGb|o ;b:o cgL; cG;f/Ln]] dw]zLx?sf] clwsf/sf] kIfdf ;befjgf kf6L{n] yfn]sf] of] cleofgn] dw] z Lx?nfO{ clwsf/ ;DDkg gx'gh]n ;Dd

lds/fgL, ;/f]h ld>, ;+u7g ljefusf ;lrj xl/zrGb| dxtf], g] q L r' G gL vft' g nufotsf g]tfx?n] ;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL sfo{qmdf g]kfnL sfu|; ] , Pdfn] tyf kmf]/d g]kfn kf6L{ kl/Tofu ul/ sl/a # ;o sfo{stf{x? ;befjgf kf6L{ k|jz ] u/]sf 5g .

k;f{df dT:o sfo{qmd nfu" jL/uGh, @@ r} t . df5f pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/ x'g / o;sf] pTkfbgaf6 ls;fgsf] hLjg:t/df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{ g Nofpg ;/sf/n] k;f{ lhNnfdf cleofgd'vL dT:o sfo{qmd tyf df5f kf]v/L lgdf{0f ljz]if of]hgf nfu" u/]sf] 5 . of] of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu rfn' cfly{s jif{ s[ifsnfO{ cg'bfg lbg lhNnfdf ?= ^ nfv ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] lhNns[lif ljsf; sfof{no k;f{sf k|d'v jl/i7 s[ l if ljsf; clws[ t lbg]zk|;fb /fon] atfpg'eof] . df5f pTkfbgsf nflu lhNnfdf o; jif{ s'n ^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf gofF kf]v/L lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . pxfF n ] eGg' e of] – æof] cleofgd'vL sfo{qmdnfO{ df5fsf] ks]6 If]qdf g} nfu" ug{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 .Æ cleofgd' v L dT:o sfo{qmd tyf df5fkf]v/L lgdf{0fsf nflu k;f{sf] /fdgu/L, t'N;Ljjf{, d" n L{ / jL/uGhnfO{ ljz] i f

h'g;'s} d'n'sdf klg dlxnfdfly lje]b x'g] t/ To;sf] k|s[lt dfq km/s x'g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ;ª\sNk g]kfnn] lalxjf/ oxfF cfof]hgf u/]sf] sfo{qmddf pxfFn] g]kfndf dlxnfnfO{ 3/af6} lg:sg] ufx|f] x'g] l:ylt 5 eg] a] n fotsf dlxnf k' ? if;F u ;dfgtfsf nflu nl8/x]sf 5g\ eGg' e of] . sl/a $) jif{ /fhgLltdf latfO;Sg' e Psf

k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] atfOPsf] 5. gofF df5fkf] v /L lgdf{0fsf nflu k|ltx]S6/sf b/n] Ps nfv ?k}ofF u/L ^ x]S6/sf nflu ^ nfv ?k}ofF ;/sf/n] cg'bfg:j?k s[ifsnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] 5 . dT:o sfo{qmdsf k|fljlws ;xfos bof/fd xl/hgn] eGg' e of] - ægofF df5fkf] v /L lgdf{0fsf nflu cfXjfg ul/Psf] lgj]bgsf] ;do;Ldfleq s'n &# hgf s[ifsn] emG8} %) x]S6/ If]qkmndf gofFkf]v/L lgdf{0fsf nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] 5 . t/ ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePcg';f/ o; jif{ ^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf dfq gofF kf]v/L lgdf{0f ug{ s[ifsnfO{ cg'bfg lbOg]5 .Æ df5f pTkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt s[ i fsnfO{ df5f pTkfbg;DaGwL cfjZos tflnd lbg] of]hgf;d]t /x]sf] xl/hgn] atfpg'eof] . lhNnfdf nfu" ePsf cleofgd'vL dT:o sfo{qmd tyf kf]v/L lgdf{0f sfo{qmdnfO{ a9L Jojl:yt, kf/bzL{ / k|efjsf/L

agfpg ;a} kIfsf] ;xof] u ckl/xfo{ ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ k|dv ' /fon] gofF df5fkf]v/Lsf nflu hUuf 5gf]6b]lv kf]v/L lgdf{0f / df5f pTkfbg ;Ddsf] sfo{sf] k| e fjsfl/tfsf nflu o;sf] cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sg ug{ Ps lhNnf:t/Lo 6f]nL;d]t u7g ul/g] atfpg'eof] . k;f{ lhNnfdf xfn &!^ hgf s[ i fs;F u @#) x] S 6/ If]qkmndf *## j6f kf]v/L /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . lhNnfdf emG8} ;f9] ;ft xhf/ d] l 6" s 6g pGgt lsl;dsf] df5f pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] atfOG5 . /f;;

ef]sfnfO{ Ps 5fs ef]hg xf]Og hLjg lhpg] h'lQm l;sfcf}+

lu|g n}08 c+= cf= p= df= ljBfno dn+ufj lzIfssf] cfjZostf o; lu|g n}08 p= df= ljBfnodf k|= lj= tyf lgDg dfWolds tx tkm{ tkl;ndf pNN]vlvt ljifox? cWofkgsf] nflu lzIfs cfjZostf ePsf]n] OR5's JolQMx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] jfof]8f6f tyf z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq ;lxt lgj]bg k]z ug{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] xf] . !_ k|f= lj= tx s_ ljifo –c+uh | L ;+Vof % v+_ ljifo – sDKo"6/ lzIff ;+Vof @ u_ of]Uotf – ;DalGwt d"n ljifo lnO{ k|df0fkq tx plQ0f{ . @_ lg= df= lj= tx s_ ljifo – c+uh | L ;+Vof $ v+_ ljifo – g]kfnL ;+Vof ! u_ of]Uotf – ;DalGwt d"n ljifo lnO{ :gfts tx plQ0f{ jf Running . #_ 5fqfjf; jf8]{g – ;+Vof !, of]Uotf :gfts tx plQ0f{ jf Running . $_ lgj]bg lbg] clGtd ldlt – @)^(.!@.@( ut] leq . %_ k/LIff lsl;d – sIff cjnf]sg tyf cGtjf{tf . ^_ k/LIff ldlt – @)^(.!@.#) !)M)) jh] . lk|lG;kn ;Dks{ g+= )$^-%@)@(%, (*$$)##@&$

nxfg, @@ r}t . lhNnf:t/Lo af]8{ k/LIffsf] clgjfo{ ul0ft ljifosf] k/LIffcufj} ahf/df e]l6Psf] k|Zgkq ;SsnL ePsf] k'li6 ePkl5 lhNnf k/LIff ;dGjo ;ldlt l;/xfn] pQm ljifosf] k|Zgkq /2 u/]sf] 5 . oxL r}t @% ut] x'g] clgjfo{ ul0ft ljifosf] k|Zgkq rf/ lbgcl3b] l v g} nxfgsf ljleGg kmf] 6 f] s kL ;] G 6/df 5\ o fK5\ o fKtL e] l 6Pkl5 pQm k|Zgkq /2 u/L csf]{ k|Zgkq tof/ u/]/ ToxL ldltdf k/LIff lng lgb]z { g lbOPsf] ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L v8fgGb k/fh'nLsf cg';f/ cfh laxfg a;]sf] lhNnf k/LIff ;dGjo ;ldltsf] cfsl:ds a} 7 sdf

ahf/df e] l 6Psf k| Z gkq / k/LIffsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] k|Zgkq le8fpFbf p:t} kfOPkl5 k|Zgkq /2 ul/Psf] xf] . ælhNnfsf zª\sf:kb If]qsf kmf]6f]skL ;]G6/x¿nfO{ r]tfjgL lbO;s]sf 5f}ÆF – lzIff clwsf/L k/fh'nLn] eGg'eof]æafFsL /x]sf ljifosf] k/LIffsf] k|Zgkqdf ;ldltn] s8f lgu/fgL ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .Æ k/LIffcufj} k|Zgkq aflxl/Psf] ljifodf k/LIff ;dGjo ;ldltn] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLdfly uf]kgLotf eª\u u/]sf] cleof]udf sf/afxL rnfOg] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . rf/ k[i7sf] @# j6f k|Zg /x]sf] kmf]6f]skL k|Zgkq lsGg af]8{ k/LIff lbO/x]sf ljBfyL{x¿sf]

eL8 nflu/x]sf] lyof] . lhNnf:t/Lo af]8{ k/LIffsf] ;'?b]lv g} k|Zgkq aflxl/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . l;/xf lhNnfel/ !&) ljBfnodf r}t !* ut] b ] l v sIff cf7sf] lhNnf:t/Lo af]8{ k/LIff eO/x]sf] 5. g] ; gn KofA;gsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf kf08j xdfn 7s'/Ln] k|Zgkq ahf/df Nofpg] lu/f]xsf] ljifodf cg';Gwfg u/L s8f sf/afxL x'gk' g]{ / h'g;'s} ;ª\u7gsf] eP klg sf/afxLsf nflu cfkm\gf] ;ª\u7gsf] k"/} ;xof]u /xg] atfpg'eof] . lhNnf k/LIff ;dGjo ;ldltn] k/LIff dof{lbt ug{ rfNg] x/]s sbddf cfkm"x¿sf] k"/f ;xof]u /xg] klg pxfFn] atfpg'eof] .

/fhgLlts ;ldltn] cGo bn;Fu jftf{ ug{] sf7df8f},F @@ r}t . pRRf:t/Lo /fhgLlts ;ldltn] lgjf{ r g k|lqmofsf] lj/f]wdf /x]sf bn;Fu jftf{ / ;+jfb ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ;]gf ;dfof]hg ljz]if ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno gofF afg]Zj/df a;]sf] a}7sn] lgjf{rg k|lqmofsf] lj/f]wdf /x]sf] g]skf– dfcf]jfbL / dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d g]kfn;Fu z'qmaf/ jftf{ ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . a}7skl5 ;~rf/sdL{;Fu s'/f ub}{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf pk;efklt /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] lgjf{rgsf] k|lqmofsf]

lj/f]wdf /x]sf bn;Fu jftf{ / ;+jfb u/L lgjf{rgsf] dfxf]n agfpg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof], æ;a} bn tyf /fhgLlts ;d"x lgjf{rg cfpg'k5{, nf]stGqjfbL eP ;a} bn lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'G5g\ eGg] xfDfLnfO{ ljZjf; 5, ;f] x L ljZjf;cg';f/ xfdLn] jftf{ / ;+jfbdfkm{t g} ;d:ofsf] xn vf]Hg] lg0f{o u¥of}F .Æ pxfFn] lgjf{rgdf hfGg eGg' hgtf;Fu 8/fpg] s'/f ePsf] eGb} tTsfnsf nflu lgjf{rg k|lqmofsf] lj/f]w ug]{ bn

klg qmdzM lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'e { of] . a}7sn] /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]unufot lgsfodf gofF lgo'lQm ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . tTsfn lgjf{rgsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff ug]{ ljifodf klg a}7sdf 5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . a} 7 sdf PsLs[ t g] s kfdfcf]jfbL_n] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLdf /flvPsf] ;Ldf hfoh gePsf] eGb} lg0f{o ;Rofpg'kg]d{ f hf]8 lbPsf] lyof] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no ;nf{xLsf] #% lbg] ;"rgf lhNnf ;nf{xL uflj; lkkl/of jf8 gDa/ * j:g] >L ;b/]] cfndn] tk;Lndf n]lvPsf hUuf gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL o; sfof{nodf lbg' ePsf] b=g= $*#* ldlt @)^(.!@.@@ sf] lgj]bgaf6 sfjf{xL rNbf lghn] bfjL u]sf] hUufdf lgj]bs afx]s cGo s'g} JolQmsf] xsb}of nfUg] ePdf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s lbg #% -k}lt;_ leqdf cfkm\gf] ePsf] ;a't k|df0f ;lxt bfjL lj/f]w ug{ cfpg' x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ulPsf] 5 . cGoyf sfg'g adf]lhd x'g5 ] .

tklzn

lhNnf uflj; ;nf{xL lkkl/of

j8f g++ &

lsQf g+=

If]qkmn

@)$^.!).!(÷#(

)=))##

s}lkmot

o;df pNn]lvt d[ts h= w= xlsdg ldofOgsf] d[To' @)%@.!).* ut] ePsf] / lghsf] >Ldfg O;fs ldofsfs] z]if kl5sf] ck'tfnL xs vfg] 5f]/fsf] hfo hGd gePsf] Ps j6L ljjflxt 5f]/L dfq ePsf]df lgh 5f]/L h}h'n vft'gsf] @)%(.&.! df d[To' eO;s]sf]n] lghsf] z]if kl5sf] ck'tfnL xs vfg] ! efO{ 5f]/f dfq ePsf] cGo sf]xL / cljjflxt 5f]/L ;d]t gePsf]n] lgj]bs ;b/] cfndn] Psnf}6L gfd;f/Lsf] nflu dfu u/]sf]n] o;df cGo sfxL s;}sf] xsb}of nfUg] eP ;k|df0f ph'/L bfjL ug{ cfpg of] ;'rgf k|sfl;t ul/Psf] 5 .

dn+ujf ljt/0f s]Gb| sf] ljB't nf]8 ;]l8Ësf] sfo{tflnsf af/ cfO{taf/ ;f]daf/ du+naf/ a'wjf/ ljlxjf/ z'qmjf/ zlgjf/

laxfg÷lbp;f] )(M)) b]lv )#M)) ah];Dd )*M)) b]lv )@M)) ah];Dd )^M)) b]lv )!M)) ah];Dd )%M)) b]lv !)M)) ah];Dd )$M)) b]lv )(M)) ah];Dd )#M)) b]lv )*M)) ah];Dd )(M)) b]lv )#M)) ah];Dd

a]ns ' f÷/ftL !)M)) b]lv )@M)) ah];Dd )^M)) b]lv !)M)) ah];Dd )^M)) b]lv )(M)) ah];Dd )&M)) b]lv !@M)) ah];Dd )@M)) b]lv )&M)) ah];Dd )!M)) b]lv )^M)) ah];Dd )&M)) b]lv !!M)) ah];Dd

dw]z kf]i6

lh=k|= sf= ;nf{xL btf{ gDa/ $@÷)^^÷)^&

@)^( r}t @# ut], z'qmaf/

rnlrq …r]GgfO{ PS;k|];' df ;Fu} clego u/]kl5 alnp8 gfos ;fx?v vfg / gflosf bLlksf kfb'sf]0f lar lgs6tf a9]sf] 5 . x'gt bLlksf ;fx?vn] g} lgd{f0f tyf clego u/]sf] rnlrq …cf]d zfGtL cf]d' af6 alnp8df k|j]z u/]sL x'g . t/ bLlksf gfos /0flj/ sk'/sf] k|]ddf s]xL ;do cl3 ;Dd lyOg . /0flj/;Fu 6fl9Pkl5 bLlksf ;fx?v;Fu lgs6 dflgPsL l5g . j'waf/ /ftL ePsf] …cfOkLPn' sf] klxnf] v]ndf bLlksf / ;fx?v ;Fu} b]lvPs lyP . ;fx?vsf] l6d …sf]nsQf gfO6 /fO8;{' n] v]n lht]kl5 bLlksf klg plQs} v'zL b]lvPsL lyOg .

ckx[tsf] vf]hLdf k|x/L ;lqmo gePsf] eGb} ahf/ aGb /f}tx6, @@ r}t . ckx[t afnssf] vf]hLdf k|x/Ln] rf;f] gb]vfPsf] eGb} :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] /f}tx6sf] k"jL{If]ql:yt uª\uf lkk/f ahf/ aGb u/fPsf 5g\ . ckx[tsf cfkmGthgn] cfh laxfg ( ah]b]lv uª\uf lkk/f ahf/ aGb u/fPsf x'g\ .

dT;/L uflj;-* sf km]s + ' ;fxsf @) jifL{o 5f]/f e'nfjg elg] /fdrGb| ;fxsf] oxL r}t !* ut] ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo ahf/ a}/ulgof uPsf] ;do ckx/0f ePsf] ckx[tsf afa' km]sn ' ] atfpg'eof] . ckx/0fnuQ} ckx/0fsf/Ln] df]afOn kmf]gaf6 kLl8t kl/jf/;Fu ? Ps s/f]8

Dffu ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ckx/0fdf ;+nUg /x]sf] eGb} :yfgLojf;L rGbg ;xgLnfO{ k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . ;xgLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fvL cfjZos cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no /f}tx6sf k|x/L lg/LIfs 5]bLnfn sfdtLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

lzIfs cfjZostf 1fgf]bo cfjf;Lo p=df=lj= dn+ujf–( ;nf{xLnfO{ cufdL z}lIfs ;q @)&) df lgDg l/Qm kbdf oyfl;3| kbk"lt{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] x'“bf OR5's pDd]bjf/n] t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'x { g ' hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . kb M– z}lIfs of]Uotf M– cg'ej M– bIftf M– tna M– tx M– df=lj= z}lIfs of]Uotf M–

lk|lG;kn M.A/M.Ed/M.Sc jf ;f] ;/x slDtdf % jif{ ljBfno k|zf;g rnfPsf] c+uh ]| L efiff af]Ng ;Ifd dfl;s @),))) .– ljifo M– ul0ft tyf lj1fg B.A/B.Ed/B.Sc jf ;f] ;/x ÷dflyNnf] z}lIfs of]Uotf / cg'ejsf] k|fyldstf tna M cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 b/vf:t ldlt M @)^( r]q @% ut];Dd, ;Dks{ ldlt )^( r}q @^ ut] ;Dks{ kmf]g g+= M (*$$)#@$($÷(*%$)#^!)#

xltof/;lxt 8fFsf ;d"x kqmfp O6x/L, @@ r}t . xftxltof/;lxt ;' g ;/L lhNnfsf] em' D sfaf6 uP/flt 6«s / df]6/;fOsndf w/fgtkm{ hfFb} u/]sf] 5hgfsf] 8fsf ;d"xnfO{ k|x/Ln] rf/sf];] hª\un If]qaf6 7"nf] kl/df0fdf uf]nL;lxt kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . k|x/L rf}sL t/x/fsf k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs xl/s'df/ k|;fO{s + f] g]tT[ jdf /flt uPsf] k|x/L 6f]nLn] df]6/;fOsn / 6«s /f]s/] vfgtnf;L lnF b f :jrflnt O6flnog k]:tf]n tLg yfg, To;df nfUg] $@ yfg uf]nL / kfFr yfg Dofulhg km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . cGo 3/]n' xltof/;lxt af ! k &!$! gDa/sf] df]6/;fOsn / sf] @ v #)%% gDa/sf] 6«sdf w/fglt/ hfFb} ubf{ k|x/Ln] 3]/f xfn]/ pgLx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . kqmfp kg]{df ;'g;/L asnf}/Lsf !& jifL{o ;'/h rf}w/L, @@ jifL{o ;'/z ] rf}w/L, @) jifL{o ljZj rf}w/L, ;'g;/L ksnLsf !* jifL{o ljzg /fO{ / x];g /fO{, O6x/L–& sf @& jifL{o c;ug rf}w/L /x]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . kqmfp k/]sfx¿n] uDeL/ k|sl[ tsf cfk/flws sfd ug{ ;Sg] cfzª\sf ul/Psf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;'g;/Ln] hfgsf/L lbFb} kqmfp k/] s f ;a} n fO{ lhNnf k| x /L sfof{no ;'g;/Ln] cfh} ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] xf] .

$

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

8'u F f b'36{ gfdf dg]s { f] ;ª\Vof rf/ k'Uof] kf]v/f, @@ r}t . sf:sLsf] n]vgfy gu/kflnsfl:yt a]ugf; tfndf lxhf] ck/fXg ePsf] 8' F u f b'36{ gfdf dg]s { f] ;ª\Vof clxn];Dd rf/ k'us ] f] 5 . b'36{ gfdf 3fOt] b'O{ jifL{of Oldgf u'?ª / tLg jifL{of cg'isf u'?ªsf] pkrf/sf] qmddf cfh d[To' eof] . ;f]xL 8'ª\ufdf ;jf/ csf{ a]kQf @) jifL{o k|sfz u'?ªsf] cj:yf cem} kQf nfUg ;s]sf] 5}g . b'36{ gfdf k/]sf tLg

$

hgfsf] hLljt} p4f/ ul/Psf] lyof] . b'36{ gfdf a]kQf ePsf kf]v/f /fdahf/sL !( jifL{of ;'idf u'?ª / #% jifL{of k'ikf u'?ªsf] zj tfn aflx/ lgsflnPsf] 5 . lxhf] ck/fXg xfjfx'/Lsf sf/0f 8'uF f klN6Psf] lyof] . a]ugf; tfn kf/ u/L jgef]h vfg uPsf ;a} kf]v/f /fdahf/sf ePsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sf:sLn] hgfPsf] 5 .

k|x/Ldf n]; k]k/ k4lt sf7df8f}F, @@ r}t . k|x/L dxflg/LIfs s'a]/l;+x /fgfn] k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;~rf/ lgb]z { gfnoåf/f l8lh6n k4ltdf ;~rf/ cfbfgk|bfg ug{ l8hfOg / 8]enk ul/Psf] n]; k]k/ /]l8of] sDo'lgs];g g]6jls{ª k| 0 ffnLsf] cfh ;~rf/ lgb] { z gfnodf pb\ 3 f6g ug'{eof] . pQm cj;/df k|x/L dxflg/LIfs /fgfn] ;fª\u7lgs ;" r gf k| l jlwsf] ljsf;sf ;Gbe{df ;d;fdflos k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug] { sfo{ l gltcg' ? k

l8lh6n k|0ffnLdfkm{t ;"rgf k| j fx ug] { sfo{ d f ;~rf/ lgb]{zgfnoaf6 z'ef/De ePsf] sfo{ k| z + ; gLo /x] s f] atfpg'eof] . k| x /L dxflg/LIfs /fgfn] ] sfuhL sfd sf/afxLeGbf k]k/ n]; k|ljlw sd vlr{nf] / hgzlQmsf] art x'g] atfpFb} k|ljlwsf] k|of]un] dfgj ;+;fwgsf] sdL eO{ art hgzlQmnfO{ cGo If]qdf v6fP/ zflGt ;' / Iff tyf ck/fw lgoGq0f ug]{ sfo{df pkof]u ug{ ;lsg] atfpg'eof] .

udL{ a9g] qmd z'? ;}a+ ' uflj; v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm 3f]lift g]kfnuGh, @@ r}t . g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf clws udL{ x'g] :yfg eg]/ ;d]t lrlgg] g]kfnuGhdf b'O{ lbgb]lv rsf]{ 3fd;Fu} udL{ a9g] qmd z'? ePsf] 5 . udL{ a9\ g yfn] k l5 oxfFsf ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L sfof{ n odf ;] j fu| f xLsf] pkl:ylt;d] t kftlnF b } hfg yfn]sf] 5 eg] ahf/df lr;f] k]o tyf vfB kbfy{sf] laqmL a9]sf] 5. oxfF s f afl;Gbfn] udL{ofddf k|foM sfFqmf], t/a'hf, v/a'hf, n:;L, cfO;lqmd, s'NkmL nufot lr;f] k]o tyf vfB j:t' clws ;]jg ug]{ ub{5g .

nlntk'/, @@ r}t . klZrdL If]qdf kg{] ;}Fa' uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm uflj; 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . v'Nnf lb;fd' Q m 3f] i f0ff x' g ] ;} F a ' nlntk'/sf bf];|f] uflj; ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 bNrf]sLnfO{ v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm uflj; 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . ;}aF s ' f ;a} afl;Gbfsf 3/df kSsL zf}rfno ePkl5 uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm uflj; 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] .

;g\ @)!% ;Dd nlntk' / nfO{ / @)!& ;Dd g] k fnnfO{ g} v' N nf lb;fd' Q m agfpg] ;/sf/sf] nIocg';f/ ;f] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] uflj;sf ;lrj zflns/fd ld>n] atfpg'eof] . pxfFsf cg';f/ klxn] (* k|ltztsf 3/df zf} r fno ePsfdf oxL cleofgsf nflu ztk|ltztsf 3/df zf} r fno agfOPsf] 5.

/fli6«otf vt/fdf lrtjg, @@ r} t . g] s kfdfcf]jfbLsf pkfWoIf l;kL uh'/n ] n] d'Vo elgPsf rf/ /fhgLlts bns} sf/0f /fli6«otf vt/fdf k/]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . clvn g] k fn /fli6« o :jtGq ljBfyL o' l gog qmflGtsf/L_ tfd;flnª /fHo ;ldltn] cfh e/tk'/df cfof]hgf u/] s f] cGt/lqmof sfo{ q mdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pkfWoIf uh'/]nn] ;+ l jwfg;ef r' g fjsf] gfddf

bnx¿n] ef/tLonfO{ gful/stf ljt/0f ug] { tof/L u/] s f] t/ bnx¿sf] tof/L cfkm\gf] bnnfO{ dfGo gx'g] atfpg'eof] . jt{ d fg ;/sf/n] d'ns ' sf cl3 b]vfk/]sf ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ g;Sg] eGb} pxfFn] cfkm\gf] bnn] cl3 ;f/]sf] /fli6«o uf] n d] r ;Dd] n g g} /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] Psdfq plrt ljsNk ePsf] lhls/ ug'{eof] .

xg'dfg 9f]sfsf] 9's6' L vf]lnof]

l;t}df

Ps hgf sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf ePsf]n] OR5's JolQmn] ;dod} ;Dks{ ug'x { f]nf .

sf7df8f}F, @@ r}t . xg'dfg9f]sf b/af/l:yt e08f/vfn 9's'6L cfh vf]lnPsf] 5 . k'/ftTj ljefusf dxflgb]{zs e]ifgf/fo0f bfxfnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t @# ;b:oLo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/LdWo] @! ;b:osf] /f]xj/df cfh d'n 9's'6L vf]lnPsf] xf] . b'Oj{ 6f 9's6' LdWo] klxnf] hL0f{ 9's'6Ldf s'g} klg j:t' k|fKt gePsf] / bf];|f] 9's'6L vf]Nbf ;fgf 7" n f kmnfdsf tyf sf7sf afs;x¿ !% j6f / ;]km ;ftj6f kfOPsf] ljefusf dxflgb] { z s

bfxfnn] atfpg'eof] .

9's'6Lsf ljleGg :yfgdf 5l/P/ /x]sf / klxrfg ePsf ;fdu|Ldf !$ ;]dL / !@ ;]dLsf $* yfg rfFbLsf OF6f tyf cGo ** j6f rfFbLsf j:t' kfOPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ef]6] tfNrf !% j6f tyf rfFbLsf snzx¿ ;d] t ToxfF kfOPsf 5g\ . tL afs; tyf ;]kmdf ePsf ;Dk"0f{ j:t'sf] xfn klxrfg ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . ltgdf gDa/ clª\st u/L tfNrf gePsf afs;df ;d] t tfNrf nufOPsf] 5 .

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